Romans 8 in the early church
2201 passages quote, allude to, or echo Romans 8, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 34 · 35 · 36 · 37 · 38 · 39
Romans 8:1
Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.
Romans 8:2
For in Christ Jesus the law of the Spirit of life set you free from the law of sin and death.
Romans 8:3
For what the law was powerless to do in that it was weakened by the flesh, God did by sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful man, as an offering for sin. He thus condemned sin in the flesh,
Romans 8:4
so that the righteous standard of the law might be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.
Romans 8:5
Those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh; but those who live according to the Spirit set their minds on the things of the Spirit.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:5 | To the Ephesians 8.2 · Ignatius of Antioch | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| Rom 8:5 | Against Heresies 5.8.2 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Rom 8:5–8 | On the Soul 40 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 210 |
| Rom 8:5 | On Modesty 17 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 210–220 |
| Rom 8:5 | Homilies on Joshua 10.3 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:5 | Commentary on Romans 5.1 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:5 | Commentary on Romans 6.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:5 | Res. 1.57 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Rom 8:5 | Recognitions 7.37 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Rom 8:5 | Commentary on Romans 8:5 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:5 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.50.7 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:5 | Eleven Tractates 1.21 · Priscillian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–385 |
| Rom 8:5 | Exposition of Psalm 118 4.7.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:5–9 | Against Jovinianus 1.37 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | 393 |
| Rom 8:5 | City of God 14.1 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
Romans 8:6
The mind of the flesh is death, but the mind of the Spirit is life and peace,
Romans 8:7
because the mind of the flesh is hostile to God: It does not submit to God’s law, nor can it do so.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:7 | Miscellanies 3.11.78 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Rom 8:7 | Miscellanies 4.7.45 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Rom 8:7 | Letters to Virgins 1.8.4 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 3rd century |
| Rom 8:7 | On the Resurrection of the Flesh 46 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 208–212 |
| Rom 8:7 | On First Principles 3.4.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Rom 8:7 | On First Principles 3.4.2 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Rom 8:7 | On First Principles 3.4.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Rom 8:7 | On First Principles 3.4.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Rom 8:7 | Fragments on Genesis, column 105 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Rom 8:7 | PG 12:1139 (Ps 4 LXX) · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Rom 8:7 | PG 12:1277 (Ps 26 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Rom 8:7 | PG 12:1433 (Ps 46–47 LXX) · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Rom 8:7 | Commentary on John 20.176 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Rom 8:7 | On Prayer 29.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Rom 8:7 | Homilies on Exodus 1.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:7 | Homilies on Joshua 15.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:7 | Against Celsus 7.22 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Rom 8:7 | Commentary on Matthew 11.3 · Origen | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Rom 8:7 | Commentary on Romans 3.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:7 | Commentary on Romans 4.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:7 | Commentary on Romans 6.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:7 | Commentary on Romans 6.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:7 | Res. 1.57 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Rom 8:7 | Res. 1.59 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Rom 8:7 | Homilies on the Psalms 28.5 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Rom 8:7 | Homilies on the Psalms 33.2 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Rom 8:7 | Homilies on the Psalms 61.1 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Rom 8:7 | Homilies 13.1 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Rom 8:7 | Commentary on Romans 8:7 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:7 | Letter 98.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 8:7 | Book of Rules 3 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Rom 8:7 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.50.7 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:7 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.51.1 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:7 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.51.2 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:7 | On Paradise 54 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Rom 8:7 | On the Christian Faith 5.13 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Rom 8:7 | Canons on the Letters of Paul 29 · Priscillian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–400 |
| Rom 8:7 | On Jacob and the Happy Life 1.17 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Rom 8:7 | Exposition of Psalm 118 11.15.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:7 | Exposition of Psalm 118 14.45.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:7 | Letter 121.13 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 8:7 | Homilies on Matthew 23.7 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Rom 8:7 | On the Blessings of the Patriarchs 8 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 387-392 |
| Rom 8:7 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 36.16.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:7 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.5.4 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:7 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.22.2 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:7 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.77.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:7 | Homily 6 · Gregory of Nyssa | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Rom 8:7 | Sermon 155.11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:7 | Acts of the Debate with Fortunatus the Manichaean 21 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 28–29 August 392 |
| Rom 8:7 | Acts of the Debate with Fortunatus the Manichaean 22 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 28–29 August 392 |
| Rom 8:7 | Letters 41.2 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Rom 8:7 | Letters 50.13 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Rom 8:7 | Against Felix the Manichaean 2.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | December 404 |
| Rom 8:7 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 74.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| Rom 8:7 | On the Spirit and the Letter 29 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 412 |
| Rom 8:7–8 | Commentary on Jeremiah 3.10 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| Rom 8:7 | On Nature and Grace 18 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 415 |
Romans 8:8
Those controlled by the flesh cannot please God.
Romans 8:9
You, however, are controlled not by the flesh, but by the Spirit, if the Spirit of God lives in you. And if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Christ.
Romans 8:10
But if Christ is in you, your body is dead because of sin, yet your spirit is alive because of righteousness.
Romans 8:11
And if the Spirit of Him who raised Jesus from the dead is living in you, He who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through His Spirit, who lives in you.
Romans 8:12
Therefore, brothers, we have an obligation, but it is not to the flesh, to live according to it.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:12 | To Diognetus 5.8 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 150–200 (disputed) |
| Rom 8:12 | Miscellanies 3.11.78 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Rom 8:12 | On the Resurrection of the Flesh 46 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 208–212 |
| Rom 8:12 | On the Good of Modesty 2 · Novatian | allusion, high confidence | mid-3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Rom 8:12 | Commentary on Romans 6.14 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:12 | Commentary on Romans 7.11 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:12–14 | On Jealousy and Envy 14 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 256 |
| Rom 8:12 | Res. 1.57 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Rom 8:12 | Commentary on Romans 8:12 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:12 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.50.14 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:12 | Homily 4 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Rom 8:12 | Sermon 156.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:12 | Sermon 156.5 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:12–13 | Sermon 156.6 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:12–13 | Sermon 156.8 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:12–14 | Against Jovinianus 1.37 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | 393 |
| Rom 8:12 | On Continence 8 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 395 |
| Rom 8:12 | On the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins 1.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 411–412 |
| Rom 8:12 | On Grace and Free Will 11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426 |
Romans 8:13
For if you live according to the flesh, you will die; but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live.
Romans 8:14
For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God.
Romans 8:15
For you did not receive a spirit of slavery that returns you to fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption to sonship, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”
Romans 8:16
The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirit that we are God’s children.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:16 | Prophetic Extracts 19.2 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200 |
| Rom 8:16 | On Prayer 22.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Rom 8:16 | Commentary on Matthew 13.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Rom 8:16 | Commentary on Romans 2.9 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:16 | Commentary on Romans 7.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:16 | Commentary on Romans 7.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:16 | Commentary on Romans 7.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:16–17 | To Quirinus 3.16 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Rom 8:16–17 | Letter 6.2 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Rom 8:16–17 | Letter 58.1 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Rom 8:16–17 | To Fortunatus 8 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 253 or 257 |
| Rom 8:16 | Passion of Montanus and Lucius 10 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 259 |
| Rom 8:16–17 | Letter 5.1 · Antony the Great | allusion, medium confidence | before 356 |
| Rom 8:16–17 | Letter 7.1 · Antony the Great | allusion, high confidence | before 356 |
| Rom 8:16–17 | That One Must Die for the Son of God 3 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Rom 8:16 | Letters to Serapion 1.7 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Rom 8:16 | Against Arius 3.9 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–362 |
| Rom 8:16 | On the Holy Spirit 15 · Didymus the Blind | quotation, high confidence | Greek ca. 360-390; Latin 387-391 |
| Rom 8:16 | On the Holy Spirit 55 · Didymus the Blind | quotation, high confidence | Greek ca. 360-390; Latin 387-391 |
| Rom 8:16 | Commentary on Romans 8:16 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:16 | Question 125, section 18 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Rom 8:16 | On the Holy Spirit 26.61 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Rom 8:16 | On the Holy Spirit 28.69 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Rom 8:16 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 48.17.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:16 | Sermon 71.28 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Romans 8:17
And if we are children, then we are heirs: heirs of God and co-heirs with Christ—if indeed we suffer with Him, so that we may also be glorified with Him.
Romans 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not comparable to the glory that will be revealed in us.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:18 | Against Heresies 4.20.8 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Rom 8:18 | Miscellanies 4.7.45 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Rom 8:18 | On the Resurrection of the Flesh 40 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 208–212 |
| Rom 8:18 | Fragments on Proverbs, column 227 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Rom 8:18 | Exhortation to Martyrdom 2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Rom 8:18 | Exhortation to Martyrdom 35 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Rom 8:18 | Homilies on Numbers 14.2 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:18 | Commentary on Romans 7.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:18 | Commentary on Romans 7.11 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:18 | Commentary on Romans 9.11 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:18 | To Quirinus 3.17 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 6.2 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 58.10 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 76.7 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Rom 8:18 | In Praise of Martyrdom 18 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Rom 8:18 | To Fortunatus 13 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 253 or 257 |
| Rom 8:18 | Life of Cyprian 14 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 258–265 |
| Rom 8:18 | Church History 5.1.6 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Rom 8:18 | Divine Institutes 7.27.2 · Lactantius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 303–311 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 3.4 · Antony the Great | allusion, high confidence | before 356 |
| Rom 8:18 | Catechetical Lecture 16.20 · Cyril of Jerusalem | quotation, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Rom 8:18 | Long recension, Mary 2 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | later 4th century (probable) |
| Rom 8:18 | Life of Antony 17 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Rom 8:18 | That One Must Die for the Son of God 3 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Rom 8:18 | That One Must Die for the Son of God 14 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 139 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 243 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Rom 8:18 | Apology 3 · Eunomius of Cyzicus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360 |
| Rom 8:18 | Homilies 5.6 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Rom 8:18 | Commentary on Romans 8:18 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:18 | Question 126, section 14 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 14.10 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 22.40 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 108.18 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 130.7 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 8:18 | On the Complaints of Job and David 1.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 383-390 |
| Rom 8:18 | On the Complaints of Job and David 3.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 383-390 |
| Rom 8:18 | On Jacob and the Happy Life 1.23 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Rom 8:18 | Exposition of Psalm 118 7.6.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:18 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.39.4 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:18 | Exposition of Psalm 118 20.42.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:18 | Exposition of Psalm 118 21.18.4 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:18 | Letter 111.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 8:18 | Homilies on Matthew 38.2 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Rom 8:18 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.59.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:18 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.12.4 · Ambrose | echo, low confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:18 | Sermon 70.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:18 | Sermon 279.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:18 | Sermon 296.6 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:18 | Sermon 297.11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:18 | Sermon 306.1 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 8:18 | Tractates 0 · Gaudentius of Brescia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
| Rom 8:18 | On the Trinity 4.3 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 399–419 |
| Rom 8:18 | City of God 5.18 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Rom 8:18 | On Patience 2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 415 |
| Rom 8:18 | The Institutes 12.12 · John Cassian | echo, medium confidence | ca. 419–426 |
| Rom 8:18 | Retractations 1.25 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 426-427 |
| Rom 8:18 | The Conferences 13.13 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| Rom 8:18 | To the Church 4.47 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 435-440 |
Romans 8:19
The creation waits in eager expectation for the revelation of the sons of God.
Romans 8:20
For the creation was subjected to futility, not by its own will, but because of the One who subjected it, in hope
Romans 8:21
that the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to decay and brought into the glorious freedom of the children of God.
Romans 8:22
We know that the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until the present time.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:22 | 6 Ezra 16.40 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 3rd century |
| Rom 8:22 | On First Principles 1.7.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Rom 8:22 | Refutation of All Heresies 7.25.1 · Hippolytus of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Rom 8:22 | Refutation of All Heresies 7.25.5 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 222–235 |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on John 1.98 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on John 1.177 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Rom 8:22 | Homilies on Exodus 1.5 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:22 | Homilies on Ezekiel 4.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| Rom 8:22 | Instructions 2.39 · Commodian | echo, medium confidence | 3rd century (disputed) |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 54 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Romans 7.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Romans 7.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Romans 7.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Romans 7.7 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Romans 7.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Romans 7.11 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Romans 7.12 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:22 | Res. 1.47 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Rom 8:22 | Homilies 11.10 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Rom 8:22 | Recognitions 5.27 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Rom 8:22 | Oration II Against the Arians 45 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Rom 8:22 | Oration II Against the Arians 72 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Rom 8:22 | Oration 4.12 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Romans 8:22 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:22 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.39.9 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:22 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.39.11 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:22 | On the Christian Faith 1.14 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Rom 8:22 | On Elijah and Fasting 80 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Rom 8:22 | On Faith and the Creed 23 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 393 |
| Rom 8:22 | Poem 31, lines 377–408 · Paulinus of Nola | echo, low confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Rom 8:22 | Commentary on Jeremiah 1.22 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| Rom 8:22 | Apologetic Book 30.1 · Orosius | echo, low confidence | ca. 415–416 |
Romans 8:23
Not only that, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for our adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies.
Romans 8:24
For in this hope we were saved; but hope that is seen is no hope at all. Who hopes for what he can already see?
Romans 8:25
But if we hope for what we do not yet see, we wait for it patiently.
Romans 8:26
In the same way, the Spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know how we ought to pray, but the Spirit Himself intercedes for us with groans too deep for words.
Romans 8:27
And He who searches our hearts knows the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for the saints according to the will of God.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:27 | 2.6 · Hippolytus of Rome | echo, medium confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Rom 8:27 | On Prayer 2.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Rom 8:27 | On Prayer 14.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Rom 8:27 | Homilies on Exodus 5.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:27 | Commentary on Romans 7.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:27 | Against Arius 3.9 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–362 |
| Rom 8:27 | Commentary on Romans 8:27 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:27 | Question 125, section 11 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Rom 8:27 | Question 125, section 12 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Rom 8:27 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 55.5.3 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:27 | Letter 130.28 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 8:27 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.81.3 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:27 | On Genesis against the Manichaeans 1.22 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 388–390 |
| Rom 8:27 | On the Soul and Its Origin 4.13 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–420 |
| Rom 8:27 | The Conferences 16.13 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| Rom 8:27 | On the Gift of Perseverance 23 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 428/429 |
Romans 8:28
And we know that God works all things together for the good of those who love Him, who are called according to His purpose.
Romans 8:29
For those God foreknew, He also predestined to be conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brothers.
Romans 8:30
And those He predestined, He also called; those He called, He also justified; those He justified, He also glorified.
Romans 8:31
What then shall we say in response to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us?
Romans 8:32
He who did not spare His own Son but gave Him up for us all, how will He not also, along with Him, freely give us all things?
Romans 8:33
Who will bring any charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies.
Romans 8:34
Who is there to condemn us? For Christ Jesus, who died, and more than that was raised to life, is at the right hand of God—and He is interceding for us.
Romans 8:35
Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall trouble or distress or persecution or famine or nakedness or danger or sword?
Romans 8:36
As it is written: “For Your sake we face death all day long; we are considered as sheep to be slaughtered.”
Romans 8:37
No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through Him who loved us.
Romans 8:38
For I am convinced that neither death nor life, neither angels nor principalities, neither the present nor the future, nor any powers,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:38 | Miscellanies 4.14.96 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Rom 8:38–39 | On First Principles 3.2.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Rom 8:38 | Homily on Luke 25 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–250 |
| Rom 8:38 | Homilies on Judges 2.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:38–39 | Homilies on Numbers 26.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:38 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Rom 8:38 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 80 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Rom 8:38 | Commentary on Matthew 14.17 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Rom 8:38 | Commentary on Romans 0.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:38 | Commentary on Romans 5.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:38 | Commentary on Romans 7.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:38 | Commentary on Romans 7.13 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:38 | Oration II Against the Arians 49 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Rom 8:38 | Letter 7 · Ammonas | quotation, high confidence | ca. 340-360 |
| Rom 8:38–39 | Tractates on the Psalms 65.24 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Rom 8:38–39 | Oration 17.4 · Gregory of Nazianzus | echo, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Rom 8:38 | Commentary on Romans 8:38 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:38 | Letter 22.39 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 8:38–39 | Letter 121.9 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 8:38 | On the Christian Faith 5.15 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Rom 8:38 | On the Duties of the Clergy 3.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| Rom 8:38 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.37.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:38 | Exposition of Psalm 118 19.28.4 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:38 | Exposition of Psalm 118 21.18.4 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:38 | Letter 145.6 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 8:38 | Homilies on Matthew 4.9 · John Chrysostom | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390 |
| Rom 8:38 | Homilies on Matthew 6.5 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Rom 8:38 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 39.23.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:38 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.36.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:38–39 | On the Catholic Way of Life and the Manichaean Way of Life 1.11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387–389 |
| Rom 8:38 | Poem 17, lines 281–312 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Rom 8:38 | Poem 20, lines 255–285 · Paulinus of Nola | echo, medium confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Rom 8:38 | Letters 20.1 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Rom 8:38 | Historia monachorum, chapter 1 · Rufinus of Aquileia | quotation, high confidence | Greek original ca. 394-395; Rufinus's Latin ca. 404-406 |
| Rom 8:38 | Exposition of the Right Faith 4 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | early 5th century (probably Theodoret) |
| Rom 8:38 | On Patience 15 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 415 |
| Rom 8:38 | On Grace and Free Will 17 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426 |
| Rom 8:38 | The Conferences 8.2 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| Rom 8:38 | On Rebuke and Grace 7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 427 |
| Rom 8:38–39 | Part 3, chapter 34 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Romans 8:39
neither height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus our Lord.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 8:39 | Miscellanies 4.14.96 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Rom 8:39 | Homily on Luke 25 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–250 |
| Rom 8:39 | Homilies on Judges 2.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 8:39 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.70 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Rom 8:39 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Rom 8:39 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 80 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Rom 8:39 | Commentary on Romans 0.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:39 | Commentary on Romans 5.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:39 | Commentary on Romans 7.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:39 | Commentary on Romans 7.13 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 8:39 | Res. 1.46 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Rom 8:39 | Letter 7 · Ammonas | quotation, high confidence | ca. 340-360 |
| Rom 8:39 | Life of Antony 9 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Rom 8:39 | Homilies on the Psalms 32.10 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Rom 8:39 | Tractates on the Psalms 68.33 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Rom 8:39 | Commentary on Romans 8:38 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 8:39 | Letter 22.39 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 8:39 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 64.38.5 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 8:39 | On the Christian Faith 5.15 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Rom 8:39 | Canons on the Letters of Paul 79 · Priscillian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–400 |
| Rom 8:39 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.37.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:39 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.38.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:39 | Exposition of Psalm 118 19.28.4 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 8:39 | Letter 145.6 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 8:39 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 39.23.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:39 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.36.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:39 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 61.27.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 8:39 | On the Catholic Way of Life and the Manichaean Way of Life 1.12 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387–389 |
| Rom 8:39 | Poem 17, lines 281–312 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Rom 8:39 | Historia monachorum, chapter 1 · Rufinus of Aquileia | quotation, high confidence | Greek original ca. 394-395; Rufinus's Latin ca. 404-406 |
| Rom 8:39 | Tractates 17 · Gaudentius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
| Rom 8:39 | Exposition of the Right Faith 4 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | early 5th century (probably Theodoret) |
| Rom 8:39 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 70.1 · Augustine of Hippo | echo, low confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| Rom 8:39 | On Patience 15 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 415 |
| Rom 8:39 | On Grace and Free Will 17 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426 |
| Rom 8:39 | The Conferences 8.2 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| Rom 8:39 | On Rebuke and Grace 7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 427 |
| Rom 8:39 | On the Governance of God 4.51 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |