Romans 5 in the early church
1026 passages quote, allude to, or echo Romans 5, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21
Romans 5:1
Therefore, since we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 5:1 | Against Marcion 5.13 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Rom 5:1 | PG 12:1489 (Ps 63–64 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Rom 5:1 | Commentary on Romans 4.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:1 | Commentary on Romans 4.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:1 | Commentary on Romans 4.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:1 | Commentary on Matthew 5 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, low confidence | ca. 353–355 |
| Rom 5:1 | Commentary on Romans 5:1 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 5:1 | Ancoratus 69.1 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374 |
| Rom 5:1 | Homily 8 · Gregory of Nyssa | quotation, high confidence | ca. 379–394 |
| Rom 5:1 | Letter 186.9 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 5:1 | Sermon 185.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 5:1 | Letters 36.4 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Rom 5:1 | Letters 40.9 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Rom 5:1 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 12.47 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Rom 5:1–2 | Apologetic Book 21.2 · Orosius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 415–416 |
| Rom 5:1–8 | Sermon 109 · Peter Chrysologus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Rom 5:1 | On Rebuke and Grace 15 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 427 |
| Rom 5:1–5 | Chapter 15 · Prosper of Aquitaine | quotation, high confidence | ca. 432-433 |
| Rom 5:1–5 | Book 2, chapter 15 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 440-450 |
Romans 5:2
through whom we have gained access by faith into this grace in which we stand. And we rejoice in the hope of the glory of God.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 5:2 | Homilies on Exodus 3.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 5:2 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.176 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Rom 5:2 | Commentary on Romans 4.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:2 | Commentary on Romans 4.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:2–5 | To Quirinus 3.6 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Rom 5:2–5 | To Fortunatus 9 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 253 or 257 |
| Rom 5:2 | Letter 251 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Rom 5:2 | Oration 10.3 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Rom 5:2 | Commentary on Romans 5:2 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 5:2 | On the Holy Spirit 8.17 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Rom 5:2 | Sermon 185.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Romans 5:3
Not only that, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance;
Romans 5:4
perseverance, character; and character, hope.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 5:4 | Miscellanies 2.22.134 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Rom 5:4 | Miscellanies 4.22.145 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Rom 5:4 | PG 12:1273 (Ps 24–25 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Rom 5:4 | Exhortation to Martyrdom 41 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
| Rom 5:4 | Homilies on Judges 7.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Rom 5:4 | Commentary on Romans 4.9 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:4 | Commentary on Romans 9.11 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:4 | Commentary on Romans 10.24 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:4 | Letter to Marcellinus 10 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | uncertain, after 335 |
| Rom 5:4 | Homilies on the Psalms 33.2 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Rom 5:4 | Homilies on the Psalms 45.2 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Rom 5:4 | Homilies on the Psalms 59.4 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Rom 5:4 | Tractates on the Psalms 65.20 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, low confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Rom 5:4 | Tractates on the Psalms 138.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Rom 5:4 | Homilies 4.2 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Rom 5:4 | Commentary on Romans 5:4 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 5:4 | Letter 22.40 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 5:4 | Letter 78.7 · Jerome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 5:4 | On the Duties of the Clergy 1.36 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| Rom 5:4 | Exposition of Psalm 118 3.4.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 5:4 | Exposition of Psalm 118 10.4.4 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 5:4 | Exposition of Psalm 118 15.27.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Rom 5:4 | Letter 99.1 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 5:4 | Letter 145.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 5:4 | Homilies on Matthew 79.4 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Rom 5:4 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 1.32.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Rom 5:4 | On Genesis against the Manichaeans 2.23 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 388–390 |
| Rom 5:4 | On True Religion 47 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 389–391 |
| Rom 5:4 | Sermon 265.10 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 5:4 | Letters 5.8 · Paulinus of Nola | echo, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Rom 5:4 | Letters 16.5 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Rom 5:4 | On Grace and Free Will 18 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426 |
Romans 5:5
And hope does not disappoint us, because God has poured out His love into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, whom He has given us.
Romans 5:6
For at just the right time, while we were still powerless, Christ died for the ungodly.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 5:6 | To Diognetus 9.4 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 150–200 (disputed) |
| Rom 5:6–10 | Against Heresies 3.16.9 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Rom 5:6 | Commentary on John 6.294 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Rom 5:6 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.133 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Rom 5:6 | Commentary on Romans 4.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:6 | Commentary on Romans 4.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:6 | Commentary on Romans 5.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:6 | Commentary on Romans 7.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:6 | Commentary on Romans 9.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:6 | Against the Arians 19 · Phoebadius of Agen | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 357-358 |
| Rom 5:6 | Commentary on Romans 5:5 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 5:6 | Letter 121.7 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 5:6 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.11.8 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 5:6 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.12.3 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Rom 5:6 | On the Trinity 2 · Faustinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–384 |
| Rom 5:6 | Canons on the Letters of Paul 13 · Priscillian | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380–400 |
| Rom 5:6 | Letter 149.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 5:6 | Letter 194.8 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Rom 5:6–10 | Sermon 5.2 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 5:6 | Sermon 72.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 5:6 | Sermon 142.5 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 5:6 | Sermon 215.5 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 5:6 | Sermon 293.5 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 5:6 | Sermon 350.3 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Rom 5:6 | Confessions 7.14 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397–401 |
| Rom 5:6 | On the Trinity 13.10 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 399–419 |
| Rom 5:6 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 110.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| Rom 5:6 | On the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins 1.23 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 411–412 |
| Rom 5:6 | On the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins 1.43 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 411–412 |
| Rom 5:6 | On Patience 17 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 415 |
| Rom 5:6 | Commonitorium 14 · Marius Mercator | allusion, medium confidence | 429-431 |
| Rom 5:6–10 | Book 2, chapter 16 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 440-450 |
| Rom 5:6 | On the Governance of God 4.47 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
| Rom 5:6 | Part 2, chapter 4 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Romans 5:7
Very rarely will anyone die for a righteous man, though for a good man someone might possibly dare to die.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 5:7 | Against Celsus 4.28 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Rom 5:7 | Commentary on Romans 4.9 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:7 | Commentary on Romans 8.6 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:7 | Commentary on Romans 5:5 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 5:7 | Letter 121.7 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Rom 5:7 | On the Trinity 2 · Faustinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–384 |
| Rom 5:7–8 | Homily 20.2 on Ephesians · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| Rom 5:7 | On the Governance of God 4.47 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
Romans 5:8
But God proves His love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
Romans 5:9
Therefore, since we have now been justified by His blood, how much more shall we be saved from wrath through Him!
Romans 5:10
For if, when we were enemies of God, we were reconciled to Him through the death of His Son, how much more, having been reconciled, shall we be saved through His life!
Romans 5:11
Not only that, but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rom 5:11 | Commentary on Romans 4.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Rom 5:11 | Oration 10.3 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Rom 5:11 | Commentary on Romans 5:10 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Rom 5:11 | On the Trinity 13.16 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 399–419 |
| Rom 5:11 | Commonitorium 14 · Marius Mercator | quotation, high confidence | 429-431 |
Romans 5:12
Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, so also death was passed on to all men, because all sinned.
Romans 5:13
For sin was in the world before the law was given; but sin is not taken into account when there is no law.
Romans 5:14
Nevertheless, death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who did not sin in the way that Adam transgressed. He is a pattern of the One to come.
Romans 5:15
But the gift is not like the trespass. For if the many died by the trespass of the one man, how much more did God’s grace and the gift that came by the grace of the one man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many!
Romans 5:16
Again, the gift is not like the result of the one man’s sin: The judgment that followed one sin brought condemnation, but the gift that followed many trespasses brought justification.
Romans 5:17
For if, by the trespass of the one man, death reigned through that one man, how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man, Jesus Christ!
Romans 5:18
So then, just as one trespass brought condemnation for all men, so also one act of righteousness brought justification and life for all men.
Romans 5:19
For just as through the disobedience of the one man the many were made sinners, so also through the obedience of the one man the many will be made righteous.
Romans 5:20
The law came in so that the trespass would increase; but where sin increased, grace increased all the more,
Romans 5:21
so that, just as sin reigned in death, so also grace might reign through righteousness to bring eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.