Genesis 4 in the early church
656 passages quote, allude to, or echo Genesis 4, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26
Genesis 4:1
And Adam had relations with his wife Eve, and she conceived and gave birth to Cain. “With the help of the LORD I have brought forth a man,” she said.
Genesis 4:2
Later she gave birth to Cain’s brother Abel. Now Abel was a keeper of sheep, while Cain was a tiller of the soil.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:2 | To Autolycus 2.29 · Theophilus of Antioch | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gen 4:2 | Excerpts from Theodotus 54.1 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gen 4:2 | PG 12:1207 (Ps 13–14 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 4:2 | Instructions 1.39 · Commodian | allusion, high confidence | 3rd century (disputed) |
| Gen 4:2 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 56 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Gen 4:2 | Commentary on Romans 4.1 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:2 | Homilies 3.26 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gen 4:2 | Homilies 19.9 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gen 4:2 | Preparation for the Gospel 11.6.24 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 4:2–10 | On Saint Athanasius 1.2 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Gen 4:2 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.6.2 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:2 | Homilies 23.2 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Gen 4:2 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 39.5.6 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, medium confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 4:2 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 63.3.6 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 4:2 | On Cain and Abel 1.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:2 | On Cain and Abel 1.10 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:2 | On Cain and Abel 1.11 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:2 | On Cain and Abel 1.24 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:2 | On Paradise 19 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:2 | On Noah 107 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 378-384 |
| Gen 4:2 | Hexameron (Exameron) 1.25 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 4:2 | Homily 15 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Gen 4:2 | City of God 19.15 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:2–8 | Book 2, lines 199–226 · Claudius Marius Victor | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-430 |
| Gen 4:2–5 | Part 1, chapter 6 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Genesis 4:3
So in the course of time, Cain brought some of the fruit of the soil as an offering to the LORD,
Genesis 4:4
while Abel brought the best portions of the firstborn of his flock. And the LORD looked with favor on Abel and his offering,
Genesis 4:5
but He had no regard for Cain and his offering. So Cain became very angry, and his countenance fell.
Genesis 4:6
“Why are you angry,” said the LORD to Cain, “and why has your countenance fallen?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:6 | 1 Clement 4.4 · Clement of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Gen 4:6–7 | Question 5, section 2 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Gen 4:6 | Letter 164.17 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Gen 4:6–7 | City of God 15.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:6–7 | Book 2, chapter 13 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 440-450 |
Genesis 4:7
If you do what is right, will you not be accepted? But if you refuse to do what is right, sin is crouching at your door; it desires you, but you must master it.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:7 | 1 Clement 4.4 · Clement of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Gen 4:7 | 1 Clement 4.5 · Clement of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Gen 4:7 | Against Heresies 3.23.4 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Gen 4:7 | Against Heresies 4.18.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Gen 4:7 | Fragments on Genesis, column 101 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 4:7 | Homilies on Exodus 13.4 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 4:7 | Commentary on Romans 5.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:7 | Homilies 3.25 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gen 4:7 | Demonstration 7.8 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Gen 4:7 | Historical Fragments 1.4.1.24 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 343–367 |
| Gen 4:7 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.6.6 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:7 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.8.2 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:7 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.8.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:7 | Oration 4.24 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Gen 4:7–8 | Question 5, section 3 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Gen 4:7 | Letter 36.6 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:7 | Letter 66.12 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:7 | Letter 147.9 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:7 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 59.1.6 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 4:7 | On Cain and Abel 2.18 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:7 | On Cain and Abel 2.21 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:7 | On Cain and Abel 2.23 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:7 | On Cain and Abel 2.24 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:7 | On Cain and Abel 2.25 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:7 | Apostolic Constitutions 2.16.3 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Gen 4:7 | On Virgins 3.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 377 |
| Gen 4:7 | Book of Heresies 131.1 · Philastrius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380s |
| Gen 4:7 | Apology of the Prophet David 46 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| Gen 4:7 | On Naboth 66 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Gen 4:7 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 36.62.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gen 4:7 | Letters 24.1 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Gen 4:7 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 12.9 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Gen 4:7–17 | Genesis, lines 151–175 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
| Gen 4:7 | Apology against Jerome 1.22 · Rufinus of Aquileia | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 401 |
| Gen 4:7 | The Conferences 21.22 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| Gen 4:7 | Part 1, chapter 6 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Genesis 4:8
Then Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let us go out to the field.” And while they were in the field, Cain rose up against his brother Abel and killed him.
Genesis 4:9
And the LORD said to Cain, “Where is your brother Abel?” “I do not know!” he answered. “Am I my brother’s keeper?”
Genesis 4:10
“What have you done?” replied the LORD. “The voice of your brother’s blood cries out to Me from the ground.
Genesis 4:11
Now you are cursed and banished from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:11 | To Autolycus 2.29 · Theophilus of Antioch | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gen 4:11 | Against Heresies 3.23.4 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Gen 4:11 | Against Marcion 2.25 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Gen 4:11 | On the Resurrection of the Flesh 26 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 208–212 |
| Gen 4:11 | Homilies on Ezekiel 4.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| Gen 4:11 | Homilies on Numbers 15.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 4:11 | Commentary on Romans 3.2 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:11 | Commentary on Romans 4.4 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:11 | Commentary on Romans 5.1 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:11 | Commentary on Romans 5.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:11 | Letter 260 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Gen 4:11 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.6.6 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:11 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.7.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:11 | Tractates on the Psalms 51.12 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Gen 4:11 | Ancoratus 38.8 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374 |
| Gen 4:11 | Ancoratus 109.4 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374 |
| Gen 4:11 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 38.4.1 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 4:11–12 | On Cain and Abel 2.31 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:11–15 | On Paradise 71 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:11 | On the Complaints of Job and David 1.27 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 383-390 |
| Gen 4:11 | Exposition of Psalm 118 7.15.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Gen 4:11 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 36.21.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gen 4:11–12 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 12.11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Gen 4:11 | On the Christian Life 13 · Fastidius | allusion, high confidence | ca. 411-430 |
| Gen 4:11–12 | Book 2, lines 227–251 · Claudius Marius Victor | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 425-430 |
| Gen 4:11 | On the Governance of God 1.29 · Salvian of Marseilles | allusion, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
Genesis 4:12
When you till the ground, it will no longer yield its produce to you. You will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.”
Genesis 4:13
But Cain said to the LORD, “My punishment is greater than I can bear.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:13 | Fragments on Genesis, column 101 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 4:13 | Commentary on Romans 3.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:13 | Commentary on Romans 6.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:13 | Letter 36.2 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:13 | Letter 36.6 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:13 | Letter 121.8 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:13–14 | On Cain and Abel 2.32 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:13–14 | Book of Heresies 132.1 · Philastrius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380s |
| Gen 4:13 | The Institutes 9.9 · John Cassian | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 419–426 |
| Gen 4:13–14 | Sermon 147 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 425-450 |
Genesis 4:14
Behold, this day You have driven me from the face of the earth, and from Your face I will be hidden; I will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth, and whoever finds me will kill me.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:14–15 | Commentary on John 19.117 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Gen 4:14 | Letter 260 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Gen 4:14 | Letter 36.2 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:14 | On Cain and Abel 2.33 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:14 | On Cain and Abel 2.38 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:14 | Apology of the Prophet David 48 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| Gen 4:14 | On Fleeing the World 39 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-391 |
| Gen 4:14 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 35.7.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gen 4:14 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 35.7.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Gen 4:14 | On the Trinity 2.10 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 399–419 |
| Gen 4:14–16 | Book 2, lines 275–298 · Claudius Marius Victor | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-430 |
Genesis 4:15
“Not so!” replied the LORD. “If anyone slays Cain, then Cain will be avenged sevenfold.” And the LORD placed a mark on Cain, so that no one who found him would kill him.
Genesis 4:16
So Cain went out from the presence of the LORD and settled in the land of Nod, east of Eden.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:16 | Miscellanies 2.11.51 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Gen 4:16 | On First Principles 4.3.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Gen 4:16 | PG 12:1495 (Ps 65 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 4:16 | On Prayer 23.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Gen 4:16 | Homilies on Exodus 11.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 4:16 | Homilies on Leviticus 5.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 4:16 | Homilies on Leviticus 14.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 4:16 | Homilies on Jeremiah 16.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| Gen 4:16 | Letter 21.8 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:16 | Letter 147.9 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:16 | On Cain and Abel 2.38 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:16 | Apology of the Prophet David 69 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| Gen 4:16 | Exposition of Psalm 118 15.31.4 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Gen 4:16 | On Elijah and Fasting 58 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 4:16 | On Joseph 9 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 4:16 | Commentary on Jeremiah 3.43 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Genesis 4:17
And Cain had relations with his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Enoch. Then Cain built a city and named it after his son Enoch.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:17 | To Autolycus 2.30 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gen 4:17 | PG 12:1635 (Ps 125–126 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 4:17–18 | Fragment 5 · Julius Africanus | allusion, medium confidence | after 221 |
| Gen 4:17 | Instructions 1.36 · Commodian | allusion, medium confidence | 3rd century (disputed) |
| Gen 4:17 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Gen 4:17 | Letter 46.7 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:17 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Gen 4:17 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 39.5.9 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, medium confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 4:17 | On Cain and Abel 2.37 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:17 | On Paradise 47 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:17–20 | Homily 20.1 on Genesis · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| Gen 4:17 | 1 Corinthians 7:3 · Pelagius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 405–410 |
| Gen 4:17 | City of God 15.1 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:17 | City of God 15.8 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:17 | City of God 15.17 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:17–22 | City of God 15.20 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:17 | Book 2, lines 299–321 · Claudius Marius Victor | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-430 |
| Gen 4:17–24 | Book 2, chapter 13 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 440-450 |
Genesis 4:18
Now to Enoch was born Irad, and Irad was the father of Mehujael, and Mehujael was the father of Methusael, and Methusael was the father of Lamech.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:18 | To Autolycus 2.30 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gen 4:18 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 121 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Gen 4:18 | Question 6, section 1 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Gen 4:18 | Letter 36.4 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:18–26 | Genesis, lines 176–201 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
| Gen 4:18–22 | City of God 15.17 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:18 | The Conferences 8.21 · John Cassian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
Genesis 4:19
And Lamech married two women, one named Adah and the other Zillah.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:19 | To Autolycus 2.30 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gen 4:19 | Exhortation to Chastity 5 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 208 |
| Gen 4:19 | On Monogamy 4 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 210–217 |
| Gen 4:19 | Homilies 3.25 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gen 4:19 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.9.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:19 | Letter 79.10 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:19 | Letter 123.11 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:19 | Against Jovinianus 1.14 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | 393 |
Genesis 4:20
Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who dwell in tents and raise livestock.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:20 | To Autolycus 2.30 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
Genesis 4:21
And his brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play the harp and flute.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:21 | To Autolycus 2.30 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gen 4:21 | Exhortation to the Greeks 1.5 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Gen 4:21 | Homilies 3.25 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gen 4:21 | Hexameron (Exameron) 1.25 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
Genesis 4:22
And Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, a forger of every implement of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:22 | To Autolycus 2.30 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gen 4:22 | Homilies 3.25 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Gen 4:22 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.9.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:22 | Homily 15 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
Genesis 4:23
Then Lamech said to his wives: “Adah and Zillah, hear my voice; wives of Lamech, listen to my speech. For I have slain a man for wounding me, a young man for striking me.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:23 | Fragments on Genesis, column 125 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 4:23 | Commentary on Matthew 14.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Gen 4:23 | Commentary on Romans 5.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:23 | Letter 260 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Gen 4:23 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.9.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:23–24 | Question 6, section 1 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Gen 4:23 | Letter 36.4 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:23–24 | On Cain and Abel 2.38 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:23 | City of God 15.21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:23–24 | Book 2, lines 299–321 · Claudius Marius Victor | echo, low confidence | ca. 425-430 |
Genesis 4:24
If Cain is avenged sevenfold, then Lamech seventy-sevenfold.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:24 | On Prayer 7 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–206 |
| Gen 4:24 | On Monogamy 4 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 210–217 |
| Gen 4:24 | Commentary on Matthew 14.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Gen 4:24 | Commentary on Romans 5.1 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:24 | Commentary on Romans 5.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:24 | On the Making of the World 8 · Victorinus of Pettau | allusion, high confidence | late 3rd century |
| Gen 4:24 | Demonstration 9.8 · Aphrahat | allusion, medium confidence | 337-345 |
| Gen 4:24 | Commentary on Matthew 18 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 353–355 |
| Gen 4:24 | Letter 260 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Gen 4:24 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.9.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 4:24 | Tractates on the Psalms 118.19.12 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Gen 4:24 | Oration 41.3 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Gen 4:24 | Question 6, section 2 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Gen 4:24 | Question 14, section 5 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Gen 4:24 | Letter 36.4 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Gen 4:24 | Book of Heresies 107.7 · Philastrius of Brescia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380s |
| Gen 4:24 | Homilies on Matthew 74.1 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Gen 4:24 | Against Jovinianus 1.14 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | 393 |
Genesis 4:25
And Adam again had relations with his wife, and she gave birth to a son and named him Seth, saying, “God has granted me another seed in place of Abel, since Cain killed him.”
Genesis 4:26
And to Seth also a son was born, and he called him Enosh. At that time men began to call upon the name of the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 4:26 | Excerpts from Theodotus 54.3 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200 |
| Gen 4:26 | PG 12:1255 (Ps 21 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 4:26 | Fragment 3 · Julius Africanus | quotation, high confidence | after 221 |
| Gen 4:26 | Commentary on John 20.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Gen 4:26 | Homilies on Joshua 1.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 4:26 | Commentary on Romans 5.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:26 | Commentary on Romans 8.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 4:26 | Recognitions 4.12 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Gen 4:26 | Preparation for the Gospel 7.8.2 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 4:26 | Preparation for the Gospel 7.8.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 4:26 | Preparation for the Gospel 7.8.9 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 4:26 | Preparation for the Gospel 7.8.11 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Gen 4:26 | Oration 14.2 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Gen 4:26 | Oration 43.58 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Gen 4:26 | On Paradise 19 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:26 | On Paradise 23 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 375-378 |
| Gen 4:26 | Theological Oration 2 (Or. 28), On the Doctrine of God 18 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | 380 |
| Gen 4:26 | Homily 15 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Gen 4:26 | City of God 15.18 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Gen 4:26 | City of God 15.21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |