Panarion (Medicine Chest Against Heresies), Haer. 1-64 40.1.1–42.1.8
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25/31 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Bände 1-2 (GCS 25, 1915, and GCS 31, 1922, Leipzig: Hinrichs), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitized file's own metadata describes it as spanning Holl's volumes 1-3 (1915-1933), but its text in fact ends at Haer. 64 (confirmed: the last division is Haer. 64, on Origen, matching the end of GCS 31); Holl's third volume (GCS 37, 1933) is not present in this digital text.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Haer. 40, chapter 1
40.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:80
1. Ἀρχοντικῶν τις αἱρεσις τούτοις ἕπεται, οὐκ ἐν πολλοῖς δὲ τόποις αὕτη φέρεται ἢ μόνον ἐν τῇ Παλαιστινῶν ἐπαρχίᾳ· μετήνεγκαν δὲ τὸν αὐτῶν ἰὸν ἤδη που καὶ εἰς τὴν μεγάλην Ἀρμενίαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν τῇ
1. Archontikōn tis hairesis toutois hepetai, ouk en pollois de topois hautē pheretai ē monon en tę̄ Palaistinōn eparchią; metēnenkan de ton autōn ion ēdē pou kai eis tēn megalēn Armenian, alla kai en tę̄
A heresy of the Archontics follows these. It is not found in many places, only in the province of Palestine; but they have already carried their venom somewhere into Greater Armenia too; and in
Notes and citation
Summary: The Archontics are found in Palestine and Armenia.
- Heresy 40, the Archontics (from ἄρχοντες, 'rulers').
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:80; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:80–81
μικρᾷ Ἀρμενίᾳ τοῦτο τὸ ζιζάνιον ἤδη ἔσπαρται ὑπὸ ἀνδρός τινος ἐπιδημήσαντος τῇ Παλαιστινῶν γῇ ἀπὸ Ἀρμενίας ἐν χρόνοις Κωνσταντίου περὶ τὴν αὐτοῦ τελευτήν, Εὐτάκτου ὀνόματι, μᾶλλον δὲ ἀτάκτου τὸν τρόπον καὶ μαθόντος τὴν κακοδιδασκαλίαν ταύτην, εἶτα ἐπανελθόντος εἰς τὰ οἰκεῖα καὶ διδάξαντος.
mikrą Armenią touto to zizanion ēdē espartai hypo andros tinos epidēmēsantos tę̄ Palaistinōn gę̄ apo Armenias en chronois Kōnstantiou peri tēn autou teleutēn, Eutaktou onomati, mallon de ataktou ton tropon kai mathontos tēn kakodidaskalian tautēn, eita epanelthontos eis ta oikeia kai didaxantos.
Lesser Armenia too this tare has already been sown, by a man who visited the land of Palestine from Armenia in the time of Constantius, near the end of his reign, named Eutactus ('orderly'), but rather disorderly in his ways; he learned this evil teaching, then returned home and taught it.
Matt 13:25 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Eutactus brought it to Armenia under Constantius.
- Constantius II died in 361. The tare: Matt 13:25.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:80–81; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:81
μετέλαβεν δέ, ὡς ἔφην, ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ ὡς ἀπὸ ἀσπίδος ἰὸν ἀπὸ Πέτρου τινὸς γέροντος, ἀναξίως Πέτρου καλουμένου, ὃς κατῴκει ἐν τῇ τῆς Ἐλευθεροπόλεως > Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐνορίᾳ, ἐπέκεινα τῆς Χεβρὼν σημείοις τρισί· Καφαρβαριχὰ τὴν κώμην καλοῦσιν.
metelaben de, hōs ephēn, en Palaistinę̄ hōs apo aspidos ion apo Petrou tinos gerontos, anaxiōs Petrou kaloumenou, hos katǭkei en tę̄ tēs Eleutheropoleōs > Hierousalēm enorią, epekeina tēs Chebrōn sēmeiois trisi; Kapharbaricha tēn kōmēn kalousin.
He received the venom in Palestine, as I said, as from an asp, from a certain old man called Peter, unworthily called Peter, who lived in the district of Eleutheropolis … Jerusalem, three milestones beyond Hebron; they call the village Kapharbaricha.
Notes and citation
Summary: Eutactus learned it from the hermit Peter near Hebron.
- The text between 'Eleutheropolis' and 'Jerusalem' is disturbed in the digital text.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:81; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:81
οὑτος ὁ γέρων τὰ πρῶτα ἔνδυμα εἶχεν ἔκπληκτον, ὑποκρίσεως γέμον· ἔξωθεν μὲν γὰρ ἀληθῶς κώδιον προβάτου ἠμφίεστο, ἠγνοεῖτο δὲ ἔνδοθεν λύκος ὑπάρχων ἅρπαξ. ἀναχωρητὴς γὰρ ἐδόκει εἶναι, ἐν σπηλαίῳ τινὶ καθεζόμενος, ὃς πολλοὺς δῆθεν συνήγαγεν εἰς ἀπόταξιν καὶ πατὴρ δῆθεν διά τε τὸ γῆρας καὶ τὸ σχῆμα ἐκαλεῖτο, τά τε αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχοντα πτωχοῖς διένειμεν καὶ καθʼ ἡμέραν ἐλεημοσύνας ἐποίει.
houtos ho gerōn ta prōta endyma eichen ekplēkton, hypokriseōs gemon; exōthen men gar alēthōs kōdion probatou ēmphiesto, ēgnoeito de endothen lykos hyparchōn harpax. anachōrētēs gar edokei einai, en spēlaiǭ tini kathezomenos, hos pollous dēthen synēgagen eis apotaxin kai patēr dēthen dia te to gēras kai to schēma ekaleito, ta te autou hyparchonta ptōchois dieneimen kai kathʼ hēmeran eleēmosynas epoiei.
This old man at first wore an astonishing garb, full of hypocrisy. Outwardly he was truly clothed in a sheepskin, but it was not known that inwardly he was a ravening wolf. For he seemed to be a hermit, living in a cave; he supposedly gathered many into renunciation of the world and was called 'father' because of his age and his habit; he distributed his possessions to the poor and gave alms daily.
Matt 7:15 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter posed as a holy hermit.
- Matt 7:15.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:81; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:81
ἐν δὲ τῇ πρώτῃ ἡλικίᾳ αὐτοῦ ἐν πολλαῖς αἱρέσεσιν ἐξητάσθη, ἐπὶ Ἀετίου δὲ τοῦ ἐπισκόπου κατηγορηθεὶς καὶ ἐλεγχθεὶς τότε τὴν τῶν Γνωστικῶν μετιὼν αἵρεσιν καθῃρέθη ἀπὸ τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου (ἠν γὰρ κατασταθείς ποτε τοῦ τε τόπου μετὰ τὸν ἔλεγχον ὑπὸ Ἀετίου ἐδιώχθη καὶ ἀπελθὼν κατῴκησεν έν τῇ Ἀραβίᾳ ἐν Κωκάβῃ, ἔνθα αἱ τῶν Ἐβιωναίων τε καὶ Ναζωραίων ῥίζαι ἐνήρξαντο, ὡς καὶ ἐν πολλαῖς αἱρέσεσι περὶ τοῦ τόπου τούτου ἐσήμανα.
en de tę̄ prōtę̄ hēlikią autou en pollais hairesesin exētasthē, epi Aetiou de tou episkopou katēgorētheis kai elenchtheis tote tēn tōn Gnōstikōn metiōn hairesin kathę̄rethē apo tou presbyteriou (ēn gar katastatheis pote tou te topou meta ton elenchon hypo Aetiou ediōchthē kai apelthōn katǭkēsen en tę̄ Arabią en Kōkabę̄, entha hai tōn Ebiōnaiōn te kai Nazōraiōn rhizai enērxanto, hōs kai en pollais hairesesi peri tou topou toutou esēmana.
In his youth he had been examined in many heresies. In the time of Aetius the bishop he was accused and convicted then of following the heresy of the Gnostics, and was deposed from the presbyterate (for he had once been ordained); and after his conviction he was driven from the place by Aetius, and went and lived in Arabia at Kokaba, where the roots of the Ebionites and Nazoraeans began, as I have indicated about this place in many heresies.
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter, a deposed presbyter, had lived at Kokaba.
- Aetius was probably bishop of Eleutheropolis (not the Anomoean Aetius); his date is uncertain. Kokaba: cf. Panarion 29.7.7, 30.2.8.
Topics: Heresy, Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:81; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:81
ὕστερον δὲ ὡς σωφρονισθεὶς πρὸς τὸ γῆρας πάλιν ἐπανῆλθε, φέρων ἑαυτῷ ταύτην τὴν ἰοβολίαν κρύβδην καὶ παρὰ πᾶσιν ἀγνοούμενος, ἕως ὅτε εἰς ἔσχατον ἀφʼ ὡν εἰς ὠτά τινων ἐψιθύρισε ῥημάτων ἐλεγχθεὶς τοιοῦτος ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ἀνεθεματίσθη καὶ ἐλήλεγκται διὰ τῆς ἡμῶν βραχύτητος.
hysteron de hōs sōphronistheis pros to gēras palin epanēlthe, pherōn heautǭ tautēn tēn iobolian krybdēn kai para pasin agnooumenos, heōs hote eis eschaton aphʼ hōn eis ōta tinōn epsithyrise rhēmatōn elenchtheis toioutos hyphʼ hēmōn anethematisthē kai elēlenktai dia tēs hēmōn brachytētos.
Later, as if reformed, he came back in his old age, carrying this venom hidden within himself and unknown to all, until at last, convicted by us of being such from words he had whispered into certain people's ears, he was anathematized and refuted by our humble self.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius himself exposed and anathematized Peter.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:81; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:81
καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐν τῷ σπηλαίῳ λοιπόν, βδελυχθεὶς ὑπὸ πάντων καὶ μονωθεὶς ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδελφότητος καὶ ἀπὸ πλείστων τῶν τῆς ζωῆς ἑαυτῶν ἐπιμελομένων.
kai ekathisen en tǭ spēlaiǭ loipon, bdelychtheis hypo pantōn kai monōtheis apo tēs adelphotētos kai apo pleistōn tōn tēs zōēs heautōn epimelomenōn.
And from then on he sat in the cave, abhorred by all and cut off from the brotherhood and from most of those who care for their own life.
Notes and citation
Summary: Peter was shunned thereafter.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:81; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.1.8Holl GCS 25/31:81–82
πρὸς τοῦτον τὸν γέροντα καταχθεὶς ὁ προειρημένος Εὔτακτος, εἴ γε Εὔτακτος, ἀπὸ τῆς Αἰγύπτου διερχόμενος καὶ μεταλαβὼν τῆς τοῦ γέροντος κακοδιδασκαλίας, ὡς μεγάλην ἐμπορίαν τὸ δηλητήριον τοῦτο λαβὼν εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ πατρίδα ἀπεκόμισεν· ἠν γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς μικρᾶς Ἀρμενίας ὡς ἔφην ὁρμώμενος, τῶν Σατάλης πλησίον τόπων.
pros touton ton geronta katachtheis ho proeirēmenos Eutaktos, ei ge Eutaktos, apo tēs Aigyptou dierchomenos kai metalabōn tēs tou gerontos kakodidaskalias, hōs megalēn emporian to dēlētērion touto labōn eis tēn heautou patrida apekomisen; ēn gar apo tēs mikras Armenias hōs ephēn hormōmenos, tōn Satalēs plēsion topōn.
To this old man the Eutactus mentioned before, if indeed he was 'orderly', was brought while passing through from Egypt; he partook of the old man's evil teaching and carried this poison home to his own country as a great piece of merchandise. For he came, as I said, from Lesser Armenia, from the region near Satala.
Notes and citation
Summary: Eutactus took the teaching home to Lesser Armenia.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:81–82; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.1.9Holl GCS 25/31:82
ἐπανελθὼν γοῦν εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ πατρίδα πολλοὺς ἔχρανε τῆς αὐτῆς μικρᾶς Ἀρμενίας, προσφθαρείς τισι πλουσίοις συγκλητικῇ τέ τινι καὶ ἄλλοις περιβλέπτοις, διʼ ὡν διαφανῶν ανδρῶν πολλοὺς ἐκεῖσε ἀπώλεσε. τάχιον δὲ αὐτὸν ὁ κύριος τοῦ βίου ἐξήλειψεν, πλὴν ὅτι ἔσπειρε τὸ ἑαυτοῦ ζιζάνιον.
epanelthōn goun eis tēn heautou patrida pollous echrane tēs autēs mikras Armenias, prosphthareis tisi plousiois synklētikę̄ te tini kai allois peribleptois, diʼ hōn diaphanōn andrōn pollous ekeise apōlese. tachion de auton ho kyrios tou biou exēleipsen, plēn hoti espeire to heautou zizanion.
Returning to his own country, he defiled many in Lesser Armenia, having corrupted certain rich people, a woman of senatorial rank and other prominent persons, through whom, being distinguished, he destroyed many there. But the Lord soon wiped him out of life, except that he had sown his tare.
Matt 13:25 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Eutactus spread it among the wealthy and soon died.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.1.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:82; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-1-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 40, chapter 2
40.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:82
2. Καὶ αὑτοι δὲ ὁμοίως βίβλους ἑαυτοῖς ἐπλαστογράφησάν τινας ἀποκρύφους, ὡν τὰ ὀνόματά ἐστι ταῦτα· τὸ μὲν γὰρ Συμφωνίαν μικρὰν δῆθεν βιβλίον καλοῦσι, τὸ δὲ μεγάλην Συμφωνίαν. ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄλλα τινὰ βιβλία ἑαυτοῖς ἐπισωρεύουσιν * οἱς ἐὰν συντύχωσιν, ἵνα δόξωσι τὴν ἑαυτῶν πλάνην διὰ πολλῶν βεβαιοῦν, ἐπισυνεισφέρεσθαι.
2. Kai hautoi de homoiōs biblous heautois eplastographēsan tinas apokryphous, hōn ta onomata esti tauta; to men gar Symphōnian mikran dēthen biblion kalousi, to de megalēn Symphōnian. alla kai alla tina biblia heautois episōreuousin * hois ean syntychōsin, hina doxōsi tēn heautōn planēn dia pollōn bebaioun, episyneispheresthai.
These too likewise forged for themselves certain apocryphal books, whose names are these: one book they call the Lesser Symphonia, and another the Greater Symphonia. And they heap up for themselves other books too … whatever they come across, to bring them in besides, so that they may seem to confirm their error by many.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Archontics use books called the Symphonia.
- These books are lost. A word is missing in the digital text.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): γὰρφ → γὰρ.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:82; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:82
ἤδη δὲ καὶ τοῖς Ἀλλογενέσι καλουμένοις κέχρηνται· βίβλοι γάρ εἰσιν οὕτω καλούμεναι. λαμβάνουσι δὲ λαβὰς ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀναβατικοῦ Ἠσαΐα, ἔτι δὲ καὶ ἄλλων τινῶν ἀποκρύφων.
ēdē de kai tois Allogenesi kaloumenois kechrēntai; bibloi gar eisin houtō kaloumenai. lambanousi de labas apo tou Anabatikou Ēsaïa, eti de kai allōn tinōn apokryphōn.
They also use the books called Allogenes; for there are books so called. And they take handles from the Ascension of Isaiah, and also from certain other apocrypha.
Notes and citation
Summary: They also use Allogenes and the Ascension of Isaiah.
- The Ascension of Isaiah survives; the Allogenes books: see 39.5.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Ascen. Isa. (Ascension of Isaiah; allusion)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:82; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:82
τὸ δὲ πᾶν ἐκ τοῦ Συμφωνία καλουμένου βιβλίου *, ἐν ᾡ ὀγδοάδα τινὰ λέγουσιν εἶναι οὐρανῶν καὶ ἑβδομάδα, εἶναι δὲ καθʼ ἕκαστον οὐρανὸν ἄρχοντας· καὶ τοὺς μὲν εἶναι εἰς τοὺς ἑπτὰ οὐρανούς, καθʼ ἔνα οὐρανὸν ἕνα ἄρχοντα, τάξεις δὲ εἶναι ἑκάστῳ ἄρχοντι, καὶ τὴν Μητέρα τὴν φωτεινὴν ἀνωτάτω ἐν τῷ ὀγδόῳ εἶναι. καθάπερ αἱ ἄλλαι αἱρέσεις.
to de pan ek tou Symphōnia kaloumenou bibliou *, en hǭ ogdoada tina legousin einai ouranōn kai hebdomada, einai de kathʼ hekaston ouranon archontas; kai tous men einai eis tous hepta ouranous, kathʼ ena ouranon hena archonta, taxeis de einai hekastǭ archonti, kai tēn Mētera tēn phōteinēn anōtatō en tǭ ogdoǭ einai. kathaper hai allai haireseis.
But everything … from the book called Symphonia, in which they say there is an Ogdoad and a Hebdomad of heavens, and rulers in each heaven: those in the seven heavens, one ruler for each heaven, and each ruler has his ranks; and the luminous Mother is highest, in the eighth, like the other heresies.
Notes and citation
Summary: Their system has seven heavens with rulers and the Mother above.
- A word is missing after 'everything'.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:82; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:82
καὶ τινὲς μὲν αὐτῶν κατὰ τὰ σώματα κεχραμμένοι ἀσελγείᾳ τυγχάνουσιν, ἄλλοι δὲ δῆθεν προσποιητὴν νηστείαν ὑποκρίνονται ἀπατῶσί τε τοὺς ἀφελεστέρους ἀνθρώπους, προσχήματι μοναζόντων ἀποταξίαν τινὰ σεμνυνόμενοι.
kai tines men autōn kata ta sōmata kechrammenoi aselgeią tynchanousin, alloi de dēthen prospoiētēn nēsteian hypokrinontai apatōsi te tous aphelesterous anthrōpous, proschēmati monazontōn apotaxian tina semnynomenoi.
And some of them happen to be defiled in their bodies with licentiousness, while others feign a pretended fasting and deceive the simpler people, priding themselves on a kind of renunciation under the guise of monks.
Notes and citation
Summary: Some are licentious, others feign asceticism.
- A hostile report.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): ἀγελεστέρους → ἀφελεστέρους.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:82; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:82
φασὶ δὲ εἶναι καθʼ ἕκαστον οὐρανόν, ὡς προεῖπον, ἀρχὴν καὶ ἐξουσίαν καὶ ἀγγελικάς τινας ὑπηρεσίας, ἑκάστου ἄρχοντος ἑαυτῷ γεγεννηκότος καὶ πεποιηκότος ὑπηρεσίαν· μὴ εἶναι δὲ σαρκὸς ἀνάστασιν, ἀλλὰ μόνον ψυχῆς.
phasi de einai kathʼ hekaston ouranon, hōs proeipon, archēn kai exousian kai angelikas tinas hypēresias, hekastou archontos heautǭ gegennēkotos kai pepoiēkotos hypēresian; mē einai de sarkos anastasin, alla monon psychēs.
They say that in each heaven, as I said, there is a principality and authority and certain angelic ministries, each ruler having begotten and made a ministry for himself; and that there is no resurrection of the flesh, but only of the soul.
Notes and citation
Summary: They deny the resurrection of the flesh.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Word split by a line-end hyphen.): ἐξου- σίαν → ἐξουσίαν.
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:82; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:82–83
ἀναθεματίζουσίν τε τὸ λουτρόν, κἄν τε εἶέν τινες έν αὐτοῖς προειλημμένοι καὶ βεβαπτισμένοι. τήν τε τῶν μυστηρίων μετοχὴν καὶ ἀγαθότητα ἀθετοῦσιν ὡς ἀλλοτρίαν οὖσαν καὶ εἰς ὄνομα Σαβαὼθ γεγενημένην· αὐτὸν γὰρ θέλουσιν εἰναι κατά τινας τῶν ἄλλων αἱρέσεων ἐν τῷ ἑβδόμῳ οὐρανῷ τυραννοῦντα καὶ κατὰ τῶν ἄλλων κατισχύοντα.
anathematizousin te to loutron, kan te eien tines en autois proeilēmmenoi kai bebaptismenoi. tēn te tōn mystēriōn metochēn kai agathotēta athetousin hōs allotrian ousan kai eis onoma Sabaōth gegenēmenēn; auton gar thelousin einai kata tinas tōn allōn haireseōn en tǭ hebdomǭ ouranǭ tyrannounta kai kata tōn allōn katischyonta.
They anathematize the washing, even if some among them were previously received and baptized. And they reject participation in the mysteries and their goodness as alien and performed in the name of Sabaoth; for they want him, as some of the other heresies do, to be in the seventh heaven, tyrannizing and prevailing over the others.
Notes and citation
Summary: They reject baptism and the sacraments as belonging to Sabaoth.
Topics: Heresy, Baptism, Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:82–83; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.2.7Holl GCS 25/31:83
βρῶμα δὲ λέγουσιν εἶναι ἀρχῶν καὶ ἐξουσιῶν τὴν ψυχήν, ἄνευ δὲ αὐτῆς μὴ δύνασθαι αὐτοὺς ζῆν, διὰ τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ἄνωθεν ἰκμάδος αὐτὴν εἶναι καὶ δύναμιν αὐτοῖς παρέχειν.
brōma de legousin einai archōn kai exousiōn tēn psychēn, aneu de autēs mē dynasthai autous zēn, dia to apo tēs anōthen ikmados autēn einai kai dynamin autois parechein.
They say that the soul is food for the principalities and authorities, and that without it they cannot live, because it is from the moisture above and gives them power.
Notes and citation
Summary: They teach that souls feed the archons.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:83; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.2.8Holl GCS 25/31:83
ἐν γνώσει δὲ ταύτην γενομένην καὶ φυγοῦσαν τὸ βάπτισμα τῆς ἐκκλησίας καὶ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Σαβαὼθ τοῦ τὸν νόμον δεδωκότος ἀνιέναι καθʼ ἕκαστον οὐρανὸν καὶ ἀπολογίαν διδόναι ἑκάστῃ ἐξουσίᾳ καὶ οὕτως ὑπερβαίνειν πρὸς τὴν ἀνωτέραν Μητέρα καὶ Πατέρα τῶν ὅλων, ὅθεν δὴ κατῆλθεν εἰς τόνδε τὸν κόσμον.
en gnōsei de tautēn genomenēn kai phygousan to baptisma tēs ekklēsias kai to onoma tou Sabaōth tou ton nomon dedōkotos anienai kathʼ hekaston ouranon kai apologian didonai hekastę̄ exousią kai houtōs hyperbainein pros tēn anōteran Mētera kai Patera tōn holōn, hothen dē katēlthen eis tonde ton kosmon.
When it has come to knowledge and has shunned the church's baptism and the name of Sabaoth, who gave the law, it ascends through each heaven, gives a defense to each authority, and so passes up to the higher Mother and Father of all, from whom it came down into this world.
Notes and citation
Summary: The knowing soul ascends past the archons.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:83; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.2.9Holl GCS 25/31:83
ἤδη δὲ εἶπον ὡς ἀναθεματίζουσι τὸ βάπτισμα, ὡς »μυῖαι θανατοῦσαι σαπριοῦσαι σκευασίαν ἐλαίου ἡδύσματος«, ὡς ἐπὶ τούτων καὶ τῶν ὁμοίων αὐτοῖς ἡ παραβολὴ τῷ Ἐκκλησιαστῇ εἴρηται. μυῖαι γάρ εἰσιν ὡς ἀληθῶς θανατοῦσαι καὶ θάνατον ἐμποιοῦσαι καὶ σαπρίζουσαι τὸ μυρεψικὸν ἔλαιον τοῦ ἡδύσματος, τὰ ἅγια τοῦ θεοῦ μυστήρια τὰ ἐν τῷ λουτρῶ ἡμῖν εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν κεχαρισμένα.
ēdē de eipon hōs anathematizousi to baptisma, hōs »muiai thanatousai sapriousai skeuasian elaiou hēdysmatos«, hōs epi toutōn kai tōn homoiōn autois hē parabolē tǭ Ekklēsiastę̄ eirētai. muiai gar eisin hōs alēthōs thanatousai kai thanaton empoiousai kai saprizousai to myrepsikon elaion tou hēdysmatos, ta hagia tou theou mystēria ta en tǭ loutrō hēmin eis aphesin hamartiōn kecharismena.
I have already said that they anathematize baptism, like 'dying flies that spoil a preparation of sweet oil,' as the proverb in Ecclesiastes was spoken of these and people like them. For they are truly dying flies that bring death and spoil the perfumed oil of sweetness, the holy mysteries of God graciously given us in the washing for the forgiveness of sins.
Eccl 10:1 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Rejecting baptism, they are flies that spoil the ointment.
- Eccl 10:1 LXX.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.2.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:83; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-2-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 40, chapter 3
40.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:83
3. Θαυμάσειε δʼ ἄν τις εὑρὼν καὶ παρὰ τοῖς φυσιολόγοις τινὰ ὠφελείας ἔμπλεα, ἀπεικασθεὶς τῇ τῆς μελίττης συνέσει, τῆς ἐφʼ ἅπαντα μὲν τὰ βλαστήματα ἐφιζανούσης, τὰ χρήσιμα δὲ ἑαυτῇ ἐπισυναγούσης ὁ γὰρ συνετὸς ἄνθρωπος οὐδαμόθεν ζημιοῦται,
3. Thaumaseie dʼ an tis heurōn kai para tois physiologois tina ōpheleias emplea, apeikastheis tę̄ tēs melittēs synesei, tēs ephʼ hapanta men ta blastēmata ephizanousēs, ta chrēsima de heautę̄ episynagousēs ho gar synetos anthrōpos oudamothen zēmioutai,
One may be surprised to find things full of profit even among the natural historians, if one is likened to the wisdom of the bee, which settles on every blossom but gathers for itself what is useful. For the wise man is harmed from no quarter,
Notes and citation
Summary: Like the bee, the wise draw profit from everything.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Stray mark.): ἅπαντα. μὲν → ἅπαντα μὲν.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:83; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:83
ἀλλʼ ἢ πανταχόθεν κερδαίνει, ἀσύνετος δὲ ζημιωθήσεται, ὡς καὶ ὁ ἅγιος προφήτης λέγει »τίς συνετὸς καὶ συνήσει ταῦτα; καὶ ᾧ λόγος κυρίου ἐστί, καὶ γνώσεται αὐτά, ὅτι εὐθεῖαι αἱ ὁδοὶ κυρίου, ἀσεβεῖς δὲ ἀσθενήσουσιν ἐν αὐταῖς;«
allʼ ē pantachothen kerdainei, asynetos de zēmiōthēsetai, hōs kai ho hagios prophētēs legei »tis synetos kai synēsei tauta? kai hǭ logos kyriou esti, kai gnōsetai auta, hoti eutheiai hai hodoi kyriou, asebeis de asthenēsousin en autais?«
but profits from every quarter, while the foolish man will suffer loss; as the holy prophet also says, 'Who is wise and will understand these things? And he who has the word of the Lord will know them, that the ways of the Lord are straight, but the ungodly will grow weak in them.'
Hos 14:9 (14:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Hosea: the wise understand, the ungodly stumble.
- Hos 14:9 (LXX 14:10), freely quoted.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:83; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:83
εὕρομεν γὰρ καὶ παρὰ τοῖς καλουμένοις φυσιολόγοις, μᾶλλον δὲ ἡμεῖς αὐτοὶ ὁρῶμεν, ὡς τὸ τῶν κανθάρων γένος τὸ παρά τισι βυλάρων καλούμενον, συνήθειαν ἔχει ἐν τῇ δυσωδίᾳ καὶ κόπρῳ ἀνακυλίεσθαι· καὶ αὕτη αὐτοῖς τροφή τε καὶ ἐργασία, ἄλλοις δὲ τὴν αὐτὴν τούτων βορβορώδη τροφὴν εἰς μὲν ἐπάχθειαν καὶ δυσοδμίαν *.
heuromen gar kai para tois kaloumenois physiologois, mallon de hēmeis autoi horōmen, hōs to tōn kantharōn genos to para tisi bylarōn kaloumenon, synētheian echei en tę̄ dysōdią kai koprǭ anakyliesthai; kai hautē autois trophē te kai ergasia, allois de tēn autēn toutōn borborōdē trophēn eis men epachtheian kai dysodmian *.
For we have found among the so-called natural historians, or rather we see for ourselves, that the kind of beetle some call the dung beetle is accustomed to roll about in stench and dung; and this is its food and work, while this same filthy food of theirs is to others … burdensome and foul-smelling.
Notes and citation
Summary: Dung beetles live on filth.
- A word is missing at the end.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:83; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:83–84
καὶ μελίσσαις μὲν αὕτη ἡ κόπρος καὶ δυσωδία θάνατος, βυλάροις δέ ἐστιν ἐργασία καὶ τροφὴ καὶ πραγματεία. τοῖς δὲ μελίσσαις τοὐναντίον ἡ εὐοδμία καὶ τὰ ἄνθη καὶ τὰ μύρα εἰς ἀναψυχήν, κτῆσιν τε καὶ ἐδωδήν, εἰς ἐργασίαν τε καὶ πραγματείαν, τοῖς δὲ κανθάροις τοῖς προειρημένοις εἴτʼ οὐν βυλάροις ἐναντία τὰ τοιαῦτα.
kai melissais men hautē hē kopros kai dysōdia thanatos, bylarois de estin ergasia kai trophē kai pragmateia. tois de melissais tounantion hē euodmia kai ta anthē kai ta myra eis anapsychēn, ktēsin te kai edōdēn, eis ergasian te kai pragmateian, tois de kantharois tois proeirēmenois eitʼ oun bylarois enantia ta toiauta.
And to bees this dung and stench is death, but to dung beetles it is work, food, and business. To bees, on the contrary, fragrance, flowers, and perfumes are refreshment, possession and food, work and business; but to the beetles mentioned, or dung beetles, such things are hostile.
Notes and citation
Summary: What feeds bees kills beetles, and the reverse.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): κοὶ τροφὴ → καὶ τροφὴ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:83–84; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:84
ὁ γὰρ βουλόμενος τούτους δοκιμάσαι, ὥς φασιν οἱ φυσιολόγοι. ἀπὸ μύρου (φημὶ δὲ ὀποβαλσάμου ἢ νάρδου) λαβὼν καὶ προσενέγκας τοῖς κανθάροις θάνατον αὐτοῖς ἐμποιεῖ· εὐθὺς γὰρ τελευτῶσι, μὴ φέροντες τὴν εὐωδίαν.
ho gar boulomenos toutous dokimasai, hōs phasin hoi physiologoi. apo myrou (phēmi de opobalsamou ē nardou) labōn kai prosenenkas tois kantharois thanaton autois empoiei; euthys gar teleutōsi, mē pherontes tēn euōdian.
For whoever wishes to test them, as the natural historians say, takes some perfume (I mean balsam or nard) and brings it to the beetles, and it kills them; for they die at once, unable to bear the fragrance.
Notes and citation
Summary: Perfume kills dung beetles.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:84; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.3.6Holl GCS 25/31:84
οὕτω καὶ οὑτοι τῆς μὲν λαγνείας καὶ πορνείας καὶ κακίας ὀρεγόμενοι εἰς τὰ πονηρὰ ἔχουσι τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἐλπίδα, πλησιάσαντες δὲ τῷ ἁγίῳ λουτρῷ καὶ τῇ εὐοδμίᾳ ἀποθνῄσκουσιν, εἰς τὸν θεὸν βλασφημοῦντες καὶ τὴν αὐτοῦ κυριότητα ἀθετοῦντες.
houtō kai houtoi tēs men lagneias kai porneias kai kakias oregomenoi eis ta ponēra echousi tēn heautōn elpida, plēsiasantes de tǭ hagiǭ loutrǭ kai tę̄ euodmią apothnę̄skousin, eis ton theon blasphēmountes kai tēn autou kyriotēta athetountes.
So these too, craving lust, sexual immorality, and wickedness, set their hope on evil things; but when they approach the holy washing and its fragrance, they die, blaspheming God and rejecting his lordship.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Archontics, like beetles, cannot bear the fragrance of baptism.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.3.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:84; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 40, chapter 4
40.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:84
4. Ἐκ μιᾶς δὲ ἢ δύο μαρτυριῶν αὐτοὺς ἀνατρέψομεν. εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἀρχαὶ καὶ ἐξουσίαι εἰσὶ καλούμεναι, οὐκ ἐκτὸς θεοῦ αὑται γεγόνασι, μάλιστα ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς.
4. Ek mias de ē dyo martyriōn autous anatrepsomen. ei gar kai archai kai exousiai eisi kaloumenai, ouk ektos theou hautai gegonasi, malista en tois ouranois.
We will overturn them with one or two testimonies. For even if there are what are called principalities and authorities, they did not come into being apart from God, especially in the heavens.
Col 1:16 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: All powers were made by God.
- Cf. Col 1:16.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:84; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:84
οἶδεν γὰρ ἡ γραφὴ λέγειν ἀγγέλους καὶ ἀρχαγγέλους, οὐκ εἰς ἐναντιότητα τεταγμένους, ἀλλὰ »λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα εἰς διακονίαν ἀποστελλόμενα διὰ τοὺς μέλλοντας κληρονομεῖν σωτηρίαν«.
oiden gar hē graphē legein angelous kai archangelous, ouk eis enantiotēta tetagmenous, alla »leitourgika pneumata eis diakonian apostellomena dia tous mellontas klēronomein sōtērian«.
For Scripture knows how to speak of angels and archangels, not set in opposition, but 'ministering spirits sent out for service for the sake of those who are to inherit salvation.'
Heb 1:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Angels are God's ministering spirits.
- Heb 1:14.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:84; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:84
καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καθʼ ἑκάστην βασιλείαν πολλαὶ ἀρχαί, ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ ἕνα βασιλέα. »αἱ γὰρ οὖσαι ἐξουσίαι ἐκ θεοῦ τεταγμέναι εἰσίν«, ὡς λέγει ὁ ἀπόστολος· »ὥστε οὖν ὁ ἀνθιστάμενος τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ τῇ τοῦ θεοῦ διαταγῇ ἀνθέστηκεν.
kai gar kai epi tēs gēs kathʼ hekastēn basileian pollai archai, alla hypo hena basilea. »hai gar ousai exousiai ek theou tetagmenai eisin«, hōs legei ho apostolos; »hōste oun ho anthistamenos tę̄ exousią tę̄ tou theou diatagę̄ anthestēken.
For on earth too, in each kingdom there are many rulers, but under one king. 'For the authorities that exist have been appointed by God,' as the apostle says; 'so then whoever resists the authority has resisted the ordinance of God.'
Rom 13:1 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 13:2 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Earthly authorities show one ordering God.
- Rom 13:1–2.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:84; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:84
οἱ γὰρ ἄρχοντες οὐκ εἰσὶ κατὰ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ, ἀλλὰ ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ, καὶ οὐκ εἰσὶ κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας, ἀλλὰ ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀληθείας. θέλεις δέ, φησί, τὴν ἐξουσίαν μὴ φοβεῖσθαι; τὸ καλὸν ποίει καὶ ἕξεις ἔπαινον ἐξ αὐτῆς. οὐ γὰρ εἰκῆ τὴν μάχαιραν φορεῖ· διάκονος γάρ ἐστιν εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο ἐκ θεοῦ τεταγμένος τῷ τὸ κακὸν πράττοντι«.
hoi gar archontes ouk eisi kata tou agathou, alla hyper tou agathou, kai ouk eisi kata tēs alētheias, alla hyper tēs alētheias. theleis de, phēsi, tēn exousian mē phobeisthai? to kalon poiei kai hexeis epainon ex autēs. ou gar eikē tēn machairan phorei; diakonos gar estin eis auto touto ek theou tetagmenos tǭ to kakon prattonti«.
For rulers are not against the good but for the good, and not against the truth but for the truth. 'Do you wish,' he says, 'not to fear the authority? Do good and you will have praise from it. For it does not bear the sword in vain; for it is a servant appointed by God for this very purpose, against the one who does evil.'
Rom 13:3 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 13:4 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul says rulers serve God against evil.
- Rom 13:3–4, freely quoted.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:84; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.4.5Holl GCS 25/31:84
καὶ ὁρᾷς ὡς ἡ ἐξουσία αὕτη ἡ κοσμικὴ ἐκ θεοῦ τέτακται, καὶ μαχαίρας ἔλαβε τὴν ἐξουσίαν· οὐκ ἀλλαχόθεν δέ ποθεν, ἀλλὰ ἐκ θεοῦ εἰς ἐκδίκησιν. καὶ οὐ δυνάμεθα λέγειν διὰ τὸ εἶναι ἀρχὰς καὶ ἐξουσίας ἐν κόσμῳ τὸν βασιλέα τούτων μὴ εἶναι βασιλέα, ἀλλὰ εἶναι > τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ἐξουσίας, εἶναι δὲ καὶ τὸν τούτων βασιλέα.
kai horąs hōs hē exousia hautē hē kosmikē ek theou tetaktai, kai machairas elabe tēn exousian; ouk allachothen de pothen, alla ek theou eis ekdikēsin. kai ou dynametha legein dia to einai archas kai exousias en kosmǭ ton basilea toutōn mē einai basilea, alla einai > tas archas kai tas exousias, einai de kai ton toutōn basilea.
And you see how this worldly authority is appointed by God and received the authority of the sword, not from anywhere else but from God, for punishment. And we cannot say that, because there are principalities and authorities in the world, their king is not king; rather, there are the principalities and the authorities, and there is also their king.
Rom 13:4 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Many rulers do not deny one king.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.4.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:84; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.4.6Holl GCS 25/31:84–85
ὡς οὐν ἐπὶ γῆς ὁρῶμεν δέδεικται γάρ) οὐκ ἐναντίας τὰς ἀρχὰς τῷ βασιλεῖ, ἀλλʼ ὑποτεταγμένας εἰς διοίκησιν παντὸς τοῦ βασιλείου καὶ εἰς εὐταξίαν γῆς, ἔνθα φόνοι καὶ μάχαι, ἄγνοιαί τε καὶ διδασκαλίαι, εὐνομίαι τε καὶ παρανομίαι, καὶ τούτου χάριν εἰσὶν ἐξουσίαι, ἵνα εἰς εὔτακτον σύνταξιν τῆς τοῦ παντὸς κόσμου διοικήσεως τὰ πάντα ἐκ θεοῦ καλῶς καταταχθῇ καὶ οἰκονομηθῇ, —
hōs oun epi gēs horōmen dedeiktai gar) ouk enantias tas archas tǭ basilei, allʼ hypotetagmenas eis dioikēsin pantos tou basileiou kai eis eutaxian gēs, entha phonoi kai machai, agnoiai te kai didaskaliai, eunomiai te kai paranomiai, kai toutou charin eisin exousiai, hina eis eutakton syntaxin tēs tou pantos kosmou dioikēseōs ta panta ek theou kalōs katatachthę̄ kai oikonomēthę̄, —
As, then, we see on earth (for it has been shown) that the rulers are not opposed to the king but subordinate to him for the administration of the whole kingdom and for good order on earth, where there are murders and fights, ignorance and teaching, law-keeping and lawlessness, and for this reason there are authorities, so that everything may be well ordered and managed by God for the orderly arrangement of the government of the whole world,
Notes and citation
Summary: Earthly rulers serve the king's good order.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): δέδεικταο γάρ) → δέδεικται γάρ).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.4.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:84–85; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-4-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.4.7Holl GCS 25/31:85
οὕτω καὶ ἐν οὐρανῷ, μάλιστα δὲ ἐξαιρέτως ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα οὐ φθόνος οὐ παρανομία οὐκ ἐναντιότης οὐ στάσις οὐχ ὅρκος οὐχ ἁρπαγὴ οὐδέ τι ἕτερον τῶν τοιούτων, ἐξουσίαι τεταγμέναι εἰσὶ διʼ ἄλλην πραγματείαν.
houtō kai en ouranǭ, malista de exairetōs ekei, entha ou phthonos ou paranomia ouk enantiotēs ou stasis ouch horkos ouch harpagē oude ti heteron tōn toioutōn, exousiai tetagmenai eisi diʼ allēn pragmateian.
so too in heaven, and especially there, where there is no envy, no lawlessness, no opposition, no strife, no oath, no robbery, nor anything else of the kind, authorities are appointed for another purpose.
Notes and citation
Summary: Heavenly powers have a different, peaceful purpose.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Repeated words.; Stray mark.): οὐ παρανομία οὐ παρανομία → οὐ παρανομία; ἁρπαγὴ | οὐδέ → ἁρπαγὴ οὐδέ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.4.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:85; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-4-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.4.8Holl GCS 25/31:85
ποίαν δέ φημι, ἀλλʼ ἢ διὰ τὸν ῥυθμὸν τοῦ ὕμνου, διὰ τὴν ἄνω ἀκήρατον δοξολογίαν, διʼ ἣν ἠθέλησεν ὁ ἄφθονος ἡμῶν θεὸς καὶ βασιλεὺς χαρίσασθαι ἑκάστῳ τῶν ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ γεγενημένων δόξαν προσήκουσαν, ἵνα τῆς αὐτοῦ βασιλείας τὸ φαιδρὸν καὶ ἀκατάληπτον καὶ ἔκπληκτον ἀεὶ δοξάζηται. σαφῶς τοίνυν ἐκεῖνοι πεπλάνηνται, τὴν χάριν τοῦ θεοῦ ἀγνοήσαντες.
poian de phēmi, allʼ ē dia ton rhythmon tou hymnou, dia tēn anō akēraton doxologian, diʼ hēn ēthelēsen ho aphthonos hēmōn theos kai basileus charisasthai hekastǭ tōn hypʼ autou gegenēmenōn doxan prosēkousan, hina tēs autou basileias to phaidron kai akatalēpton kai ekplēkton aei doxazētai. saphōs toinyn ekeinoi peplanēntai, tēn charin tou theou agnoēsantes.
What purpose, I say, but the rhythm of the hymn, the pure doxology above, for which our ungrudging God and King wished to grant to each of those he made a fitting glory, so that the splendor, incomprehensibility, and wonder of his kingdom may always be glorified? Plainly, then, those people have gone astray, not knowing the grace of God.
Notes and citation
Summary: Heavenly powers exist to praise God.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.4.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:85; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-4-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 40, chapter 5
40.5.1Holl GCS 25/31:85
5. Φασὶ δὲ οὑτοι, ὡς καὶ ἄνω μοι προδεδήλωται, τὸν διάβολον εἶναι υἱὸν τῆς ἑβδόμης ἐξουσίας τουτέστι τοῦ Σαβαώθ. εἶναι δὲ τὸν Σαβαὼθ θεὸν τῶν Ἰουδαίων, τὸν δὲ διάβολον πονηρὸν αὐτοῦ υἱόν, ὄντα δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἐναντιοῦσθαι τῷ ἰδίῳ πατρί.
5. Phasi de houtoi, hōs kai anō moi prodedēlōtai, ton diabolon einai huion tēs hebdomēs exousias toutesti tou Sabaōth. einai de ton Sabaōth theon tōn Ioudaiōn, ton de diabolon ponēron autou huion, onta de epi tēs gēs enantiousthai tǭ idiǭ patri.
These people say, as I have indicated above, that the devil is the son of the seventh authority, that is, Sabaoth; that Sabaoth is the God of the Jews, and the devil his wicked son, who, being on earth, opposes his own father.
Notes and citation
Summary: They make the devil the son of Sabaoth.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:85; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.2Holl GCS 25/31:85
καὶ τὸν αὐτοῦ πατέρα μήτε τοιοῦτον εἶναι μήτε πάλιν εἶναι τὸν ἀκατάληπτον θεόν, ὃν Πατέρα φασίν, ἀλλὰ ἀριστερᾶς εἶναι ἐξουσίας.
kai ton autou patera mēte toiouton einai mēte palin einai ton akatalēpton theon, hon Patera phasin, alla aristeras einai exousias.
And that his father is neither such as that nor again the incomprehensible God whom they call Father, but belongs to the left-hand authority.
Notes and citation
Summary: Sabaoth belongs to the 'left-hand' power.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:85; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.3Holl GCS 25/31:85
ἕτερον δὲ πάλιν μῦθον λέγουσιν οἱ τοιοῦτοι, ὅτι, φησίν, ὁ διάβολος ἐλθὼν πρὸς τὴν Εὔαν συνήφθη αὐτῇ ὡς ἀνὴρ γυναικὶ καὶ ἐγέννησεν ἐξ αὐτῆς τόν τε Κάϊν καὶ τὸν Ἄβελ.
heteron de palin mython legousin hoi toioutoi, hoti, phēsin, ho diabolos elthōn pros tēn Euan synēphthē autę̄ hōs anēr gynaiki kai egennēsen ex autēs ton te Kaïn kai ton Abel.
Such people tell yet another myth: that the devil, he says, came to Eve, had intercourse with her as a man with a woman, and begot of her Cain and Abel.
Gen 4:1 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They say the devil fathered Cain and Abel.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): λέλουσιν → λέγουσιν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:85; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.4Holl GCS 25/31:85
διὸ ἐπανέστη ὁ εἷς τῷ ἑνί, διὰ ζῆλον ὃν εἶχον πρὸς ἀλλήλους, οὐχὶ διὰ τό πως εὐηρεστηκέναι τὸν Ἄβελ θεῷ, ὡς ἔχει ἡ ἀλήθεια, ἀλλὰ ἕτερον πλαζόμενοι λόγον λέγουσιν· ἐπειδή, φησίν, ἐρῶντες ἦσαν ἀμφότεροι τῆς ἀδελφῆς τῆς ἰδίας αὐτῶν, τούτου χάριν ἐπανέστη ὁ Κάϊν τῷ Ἄβελ καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν αὐτόν. φύσει γὰρ αὐτούς φασιν ἐκ τοῦ σπέρματος τοῦ διαβόλου ὡς προεῖπον γεγενῆσθαι.
dio epanestē ho heis tǭ heni, dia zēlon hon eichon pros allēlous, ouchi dia to pōs euērestēkenai ton Abel theǭ, hōs echei hē alētheia, alla heteron plazomenoi logon legousin; epeidē, phēsin, erōntes ēsan amphoteroi tēs adelphēs tēs idias autōn, toutou charin epanestē ho Kaïn tǭ Abel kai apekteinen auton. physei gar autous phasin ek tou spermatos tou diabolou hōs proeipon gegenēsthai.
Therefore one rose against the other because of the jealousy they had toward each other, not because Abel somehow pleased God, as the truth has it; but, straying, they give another reason: since, he says, both were in love with their own sister, for this reason Cain rose against Abel and killed him. For they say that they were by nature begotten of the devil's seed, as I said.
Gen 4:8 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 4:4 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They explain Abel's murder as rivalry over a sister.
- Gen 4:4–8.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:85; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.5Holl GCS 25/31:85
φέρουσι δὲ μαρτυρίας, ὅταν θελήσωσιν ἀπατᾶν τινας, ἀπὸ τῶν θείων βιβλίων, ὡς καὶ ἐν ἄλλῃ μοι αἱρέσει τοῦτο εἴρηται, 〈ὅτι〉 ὁ σωτὴρ πρὸς τοὺς Ἰουδαίους ἔλεγεν »ὑμεῖς ἐκ τοῦ Σατανᾶ ἐστε« καὶ »ὅταν λαλῇ τὸ ψεῦδος, ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων λαλεῖ, ὅτι καὶ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ψεύστης ἠν«·
pherousi de martyrias, hotan thelēsōsin apatan tinas, apo tōn theiōn bibliōn, hōs kai en allę̄ moi hairesei touto eirētai, 〈hoti〉 ho sōtēr pros tous Ioudaious elegen »hymeis ek tou Satana este« kai »hotan lalę̄ to pseudos, ek tōn idiōn lalei, hoti kai ho patēr autou pseustēs ēn«;
And when they wish to deceive people, they bring testimonies from the divine books, as I have said in another heresy too: that the Savior said to the Jews, 'You are of Satan,' and 'When he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own, because his father too was a liar';
John 8:44 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They misuse John 8:44.
- A free form of John 8:44. Cf. Panarion 38.4.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:85; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.6Holl GCS 25/31:85–86
ἵνα δῆθεν εἴπωσι <ἐκ> τοῦ διαβόλου εἶναι τὸν Κάϊν, ἐπειδὴ εἴρηκεν ὅτι ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς ἀνθρωποκτόνος ἦν καὶ *,
hina dēthen eipōsi <ek> tou diabolou einai ton Kaïn, epeidē eirēken hoti apʼ archēs anthrōpoktonos ēn kai *,
so as to say, supposedly, that Cain is of the devil, since he said that he was a murderer from the beginning and …,
John 8:44 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They read Cain into 'murderer from the beginning'.
- John 8:44. The text breaks off.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:85–86; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.7Holl GCS 25/31:86
ἵνα δείξῃ πατέρα μὲν αὐτοῦ εἶναι τὸν διάβολον, τοῦ δὲ διαβόλου εἶναι πατέρα τὸν ἄρχοντα τὸν ψεύστην, ὃν βλασφημοῦντες κατὰ τῆς ἑαυτῶν κεφαλῆς φασιν αὐτὸν εἶναι τὸν Σαβαὼθ οἱ ἀνόητοι,
hina deixę̄ patera men autou einai ton diabolon, tou de diabolou einai patera ton archonta ton pseustēn, hon blasphēmountes kata tēs heautōn kephalēs phasin auton einai ton Sabaōth hoi anoētoi,
so as to show that the devil is his father, and that the devil's father is the lying ruler, whom these fools, blaspheming to their own ruin, say is Sabaoth,
Notes and citation
Summary: They call Sabaoth the devil's father.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:86; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.8Holl GCS 25/31:86
νομίζοντες ὄνομα εἶναι τοῦ] θεοῦ τινὸς τὸ Σαβαώθ, ὡς ἤδη καὶ ἐν ταῖς πρότερον αἱρέσεσι διὰ πλάτους ἡμῖν πεπραγμάτευται περὶ ἑρμηνείας τοῦ Σαβαὼθ καὶ ἄλλων ὀνομασιῶν, τοῦ τε Ἠλὶ καὶ τοῦ Ἐλωείμ, τοῦ τε Ἢλ καὶ τοῦ Σαδδαῒ τοῦ τε Ἐλλιὼν τοῦ τε Ῥαββωνὶ τοῦ τε Ἰὰ τοῦ τε Ἀδωναῒ τοῦ τε Ἰαβέ,
nomizontes onoma einai tou] theou tinos to Sabaōth, hōs ēdē kai en tais proteron hairesesi dia platous hēmin pepragmateutai peri hermēneias tou Sabaōth kai allōn onomasiōn, tou te Ēli kai tou Elōeim, tou te Ēl kai tou Saddaï tou te Elliōn tou te Rhabbōni tou te Ia tou te Adōnaï tou te Iabe,
thinking that Sabaoth is the name of some god, as we have already treated at length in the earlier heresies concerning the interpretation of Sabaoth and other titles: Eli, Elohim, El, Shaddai, Elyon, Rabboni, Jah, Adonai, and Jahweh;
Notes and citation
Summary: Sabaoth is not the name of a separate god.
- Cf. Panarion 26.10.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): παπραγμάτευται → πεπραγμάτευται.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:86; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.9Holl GCS 25/31:86
ὡς ὀνομασίαι εἰσὶ δοξολογιῶν ἅπασαι ἑρμηνευόμεναι καὶ οὐχ ὀνόματά ἐστι θετὰ ὡς εἰπεῖν τῇ θεότητι, ἅτινα καὶ ἐνταυθοῖ σπουδασθήσονται ἑρμηνευθέντα κεῖσθαι·
hōs onomasiai eisi doxologiōn hapasai hermēneuomenai kai ouch onomata esti theta hōs eipein tę̄ theotēti, hatina kai entauthoi spoudasthēsontai hermēneuthenta keisthai;
that when interpreted they are all titles of praise and not names assigned, so to speak, to the Godhead; and they shall be carefully set down here too with their interpretations:
Notes and citation
Summary: The Hebrew divine names are titles of praise.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:86; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.10Holl GCS 25/31:86
τὸ Ἢλ θεός, τὸ Ἐλωεὶμ θεὸς ἀεί, τὸ Ἠλὶ θεός μου, τὸ Σαδδαῒ ὁ ἱκανός, τὸ Ῥαββωνὶ ὁ κύριος, τὸ Ἰὰ κύριος, τὸ Ἀδωναῒ ὁ ὢν κύριος, τὸ Ἰαβὲ ὃς ἦν καὶ ἔστιν ὁ ἀεὶ ὤν, ὡς ἑρμηνεύει τῷ Μωυσῇ »ὁ ὤν ἀπέσταλκέ με, ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτούς«, καὶ τὸ Ἐλλιὼν ὕψιστος, καὶ τὸ Σαβαὼθ δυνάμεων ἑρμηνεύεται. κύριος οὖν Σαβαὼθ κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων.
to Ēl theos, to Elōeim theos aei, to Ēli theos mou, to Saddaï ho hikanos, to Rhabbōni ho kyrios, to Ia kyrios, to Adōnaï ho ōn kyrios, to Iabe hos ēn kai estin ho aei ōn, hōs hermēneuei tǭ Mōysę̄ »ho ōn apestalke me, ereis pros autous«, kai to Elliōn hypsistos, kai to Sabaōth dynameōn hermēneuetai. kyrios oun Sabaōth kyrios tōn dynameōn.
El means God; Elohim, God forever; Eli, my God; Shaddai, the Sufficient; Rabboni, the Lord; Jah, Lord; Adonai, the Lord who is; Jahweh, He who was and is, the one who always is, as he interprets it to Moses, 'You shall say to them, "He who is has sent me"'; Elyon means Most High; and Sabaoth means 'of powers'. So 'Lord Sabaoth' is 'Lord of the powers'.
Exod 3:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius explains the Hebrew names of God.
- Exod 3:14 LXX. The etymologies are Epiphanius's own; some are traditional, some doubtful (e.g. Elohim, 'God forever').
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): τὸ Σαβαὼρ → τὸ Σαβαὼθ.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:86; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.5.11Holl GCS 25/31:86
πάντῃ γὰρ > πρόσκειται ὅπου τοῦ Σαβαὼθ ὄνομα λέγει ἡ γραφή· ἡ γὰρ > οὐ μόνον ἐκφωνεῖ λέγουσα· εἶπέ μοι Σαβαὼθ ἢ ἐλάλησε Σαβαώθ«, ἀλλὰ εὐθὺς λέγει κύριος Σαβαώθ. οὕτως γὰρ ἡ Ἑβραῒς φάσκει »Ἀδωναῒ Σαβαώθ«, ὅπερ ἑρμηνεύεται κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων.
pantę̄ gar > proskeitai hopou tou Sabaōth onoma legei hē graphē; hē gar > ou monon ekphōnei legousa; eipe moi Sabaōth ē elalēse Sabaōth«, alla euthys legei kyrios Sabaōth. houtōs gar hē Hebraïs phaskei »Adōnaï Sabaōth«, hoper hermēneuetai kyrios tōn dynameōn.
For wherever Scripture says the name Sabaoth, something is added; it does not merely say 'Sabaoth said to me' or 'Sabaoth spoke', but at once says 'Lord Sabaoth'. For so the Hebrew says, 'Adonai Sabaoth', which means Lord of the powers.
Notes and citation
Summary: Sabaoth always accompanies 'Lord' in Scripture.
- Some words are missing in the digital text (marked >).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Stray mark splitting the word.): Ἑβραὶ· ς → Ἑβραῒς.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.5.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:86; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-5-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 40, chapter 6
40.6.1Holl GCS 25/31:86
6. Καὶ μάτην παρʼ αὐτοῖς τε καὶ τοῖς ὁμοίοις κατὰ τὴν τύφλωσιν τῆς διανοίας αὐτῶν τὰ καλῶς εἰρημένα συκοφαντεῖται.
6. Kai matēn parʼ autois te kai tois homoiois kata tēn typhlōsin tēs dianoias autōn ta kalōs eirēmena sykophanteitai.
And vainly, by them and by those like them, through the blindness of their minds, what was well said is slandered.
Notes and citation
Summary: They distort Scripture through blindness.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:86; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.6.2Holl GCS 25/31:86
οὔτε γὰρ περὶ διαβόλου τῷ σωτῆρι ἐν τῷ πρὸς Ἰουδαίους λόγῳ εἴρηται, ὡς παντί τῳ σαφὲς εὑρίσκεται τῷ τῇ ἀληθείᾳ ἀκολουθοῦντι, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸν Ἰούδαν αὐτοῖς ἔλεγε τὸ ῥῆμα.
oute gar peri diabolou tǭ sōtēri en tǭ pros Ioudaious logǭ eirētai, hōs panti tǭ saphes heurisketai tǭ tę̄ alētheią akolouthounti, alla dia ton Ioudan autois elege to rhēma.
For the Savior did not speak about the devil in his words to the Jews, as is found plain to everyone who follows the truth; he said the saying to them because of Judas.
John 8:44 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: John 8:44 refers to Judas.
- Epiphanius's own reading of John 8:44 (cf. Panarion 38.4).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:86; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.6.3Holl GCS 25/31:86–87
οὐκ ἦσαν γὰρ τέκνα τοῦ Ἀβραάμ, τοῦ αὐτὸν ὑποδεξαμένου ὑπὸ τὴν δρῦν τῆς Μαμβρῆ πρὸ τῆς ἐνσάρκου αὐτοῦ παρουσίας ἀλλὰ υἱοὺς ἑαυτοὺς κατεδίκασαν γενέσθαι τῆς τοῦ Ἰούδα προδοσίας, τοῦ ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου σατανᾶ καὶ διαβόλου ὠνομασμένου, ὡς λέγει »οὐχὶ δώδεκα ὑμᾶς ἐξελεξάμην, καὶ εἷς ἐξ ὑμῶν ἐστιν διάβολος;«
ouk ēsan gar tekna tou Abraam, tou auton hypodexamenou hypo tēn dryn tēs Mambrē pro tēs ensarkou autou parousias alla huious heautous katedikasan genesthai tēs tou Iouda prodosias, tou hypo tou kyriou satana kai diabolou ōnomasmenou, hōs legei »ouchi dōdeka hymas exelexamēn, kai heis ex hymōn estin diabolos?«
For they were not children of Abraham, who received him under the oak of Mamre before his coming in the flesh; but they condemned themselves to become sons of the betrayal of Judas, whom the Lord named Satan and devil, as he says, 'Did I not choose you twelve, and one of you is a devil?'
Gen 18:1 (allusion, high confidence) · John 8:39 (allusion, medium confidence) · John 6:70 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They became sons of Judas, whom Jesus called a devil.
- Gen 18:1 (read as an appearance of Christ); John 8:39; John 6:70.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:86–87; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.6.4Holl GCS 25/31:87
καὶ τούτου ἕνεκα τὰ τῆς αὐτοῦ κακοτροπίας ὁ κύριος ἑρμηνεύων ἔλεγεν ὅτι »ὅταν λαλῇ τὸ ψεῦδος, ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων λαλεῖ, ὡς καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον λέγει ὅτι »κλέπτης ἠν καὶ τὸ γλωσσόκομον αὐτὸς ἐβάσταζεν«.
kai toutou heneka ta tēs autou kakotropias ho kyrios hermēneuōn elegen hoti »hotan lalę̄ to pseudos, ek tōn idiōn lalei, hōs kai allachou to euangelion legei hoti »kleptēs ēn kai to glōssokomon autos ebastazen«.
And for this reason the Lord, explaining his wickedness, said, 'When he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own'; as elsewhere the Gospel says, 'He was a thief, and he carried the money-box.'
John 8:44 (quotation, high confidence) · John 12:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Judas was the liar and thief.
- John 8:44; John 12:6.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:87; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.6.5Holl GCS 25/31:87
οὗτος οὖν ὁ διάβολος κληθεὶς Ἰούδας πατέρα ἔσχε τὸν Κάϊν, διὰ ψεύδους ἀπατήσαντα τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ Ἄβελ καὶ ἀποκτείναντα, ὡς καὶ ἐρωτώμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου »ποῦ Ἄβελ ὁ ἀδελφός σου;« ψευδόμενος ἔλεγεν »οὐκ οἶδα«.
houtos oun ho diabolos klētheis Ioudas patera esche ton Kaïn, dia pseudous apatēsanta ton adelphon autou Abel kai apokteinanta, hōs kai erōtōmenos hypo tou kyriou »pou Abel ho adelphos sou?« pseudomenos elegen »ouk oida«.
So this Judas, called devil, had as his father Cain, who deceived his brother Abel with a lie and killed him; as, when asked by the Lord, 'Where is Abel your brother?', he lied and said, 'I do not know.'
Gen 4:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Cain the liar is Judas's 'father'.
- Gen 4:8–9.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:87; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.6.6Holl GCS 25/31:87
εἰκότως οὖν καὶ οὗτος τὸν φύσει διάβολον μιμησάμενος τοῖς τρόποις υἱὸς αὐτοῦ κατʼ ἀξίαν ἀνηγόρευται ὑπὸ τοῦ σωτῆρος. »ᾠ γὰρ ἥττηταί τις, τούτῳ καὶ δεδούλωται,« καὶ ἡμῶν δὲ ἕκαστος ὁτιοῦν ἂν ἐπιτελέσῃ, τοὺς τοῦτο προτετελεκότας πατέρας ἕξει μιμησάμενος.
eikotōs oun kai houtos ton physei diabolon mimēsamenos tois tropois huios autou katʼ axian anēgoreutai hypo tou sōtēros. »ǭ gar hēttētai tis, toutǭ kai dedoulōtai,« kai hēmōn de hekastos hotioun an epitelesę̄, tous touto protetelekotas pateras hexei mimēsamenos.
Fittingly, then, this man too, having imitated in his ways the devil by nature, is rightly declared his son by the Savior. 'For by whatever a man is overcome, to that he is enslaved'; and each of us, whatever he does, will have as fathers those who did it before, by imitating them.
2 Pet 2:19 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: One becomes a son of whom one imitates.
- 2 Pet 2:19.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.; stray space before the closing quotation mark): διόβολον → διάβολον; αι, « → αι,«.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:87; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.6.7Holl GCS 25/31:87
σαφῶς τοίνυν ἐφράσθη ἡ παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου λεχθεῖσα ῥῆσις ὅτι »ὑμεῖς τέκνα ἐστὲ τοῦ διαβόλου« καὶ πάλιν »ὅταν λαλῇ τὸ ψεῦδος, ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων λαλεῖ, ὅτι ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ψεύστης ἐστίν«, ἵνα εἴπῃ Ἰούδαν καὶ Κάϊν·
saphōs toinyn ephrasthē hē para tou kyriou lechtheisa rhēsis hoti »hymeis tekna este tou diabolou« kai palin »hotan lalę̄ to pseudos, ek tōn idiōn lalei, hoti ho patēr autou pseustēs estin«, hina eipę̄ Ioudan kai Kaïn;
So the saying spoken by the Lord has been plainly explained, 'You are children of the devil,' and again, 'When he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own, because his father is a liar,' meaning Judas and Cain;
John 8:44 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: John 8:44 means Judas and Cain.
- John 8:44.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:87; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.6.8Holl GCS 25/31:87
εἶτα καὶ γὰρ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ψεύστης ἠν«, ἵνα εἰπῃ αὐτὸν τὸν διάβολον, διὰ τὰ ὁμοίως πεπραγματευμένα ἑκάστῳ τούτων. ἐμπνεύσας γὰρ ἐν στόματι τοῦ ὄφεως ψευδῆ πάντα λελάληκεν ὁ διάβολος καὶ οὕτως τότε ἐξηπάτησε τὴν Εὔαν.
eita kai gar ho patēr autou pseustēs ēn«, hina eipę̄ auton ton diabolon, dia ta homoiōs pepragmateumena hekastǭ toutōn. empneusas gar en stomati tou opheōs pseudē panta lelalēken ho diabolos kai houtōs tote exēpatēse tēn Euan.
and then, 'for his father too was a liar,' meaning the devil himself, because of what each of these did in the same way. For the devil, breathing into the snake's mouth, spoke all lies and so deceived Eve then.
John 8:44 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 3:4 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The ultimate 'liar' is the devil who deceived Eve.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:87; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.6.9Holl GCS 25/31:87
καὶ ἀνῄρηται παρὰ τούτοις ἡ πεπλανημένη μυθοποιία, κἂν λέγῃ ἡ γραφή »ὡς ὁ Κάϊν ἀπέκτεινε τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ διαβόλου ἦν«. ἐδείχθη γὰρ παντάπασιν, > οὐχὶ διὰ τὸ τὴν Εὔαν, ἐκ τοῦ σπέρματος τοῦ διαβόλου συλλαβοῦσαν ὡς κατὰ συζυγίαν γάμου καὶ συνάφειαν σωμάτων, γεγεννηκέναι τὸν Κάϊν καὶ τὸν Ἄβελ, ὡς τούτοις εδοξεν, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸ ὁμότροπον καὶ μίμημα τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου κακοτροπίας υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἤκουσε.
kai anę̄rētai para toutois hē peplanēmenē mythopoiia, kan legę̄ hē graphē »hōs ho Kaïn apekteine ton adelphon autou, hoti ek tou diabolou ēn«. edeichthē gar pantapasin, > ouchi dia to tēn Euan, ek tou spermatos tou diabolou syllabousan hōs kata syzygian gamou kai synapheian sōmatōn, gegennēkenai ton Kaïn kai ton Abel, hōs toutois edoxen, alla dia to homotropon kai mimēma tēs tou diabolou kakotropias huios autou ēkouse.
And their erring myth-making is destroyed, even if Scripture says that 'Cain killed his brother because he was of the devil.' For it has been fully shown that he was called his son not because Eve conceived by the devil's seed, as in the union of marriage and the joining of bodies, and bore Cain and Abel, as these people thought, but because of the likeness of his ways and his imitation of the devil's wickedness.
1 John 3:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Cain was the devil's son by imitation, not by birth.
- A free form of 1 John 3:12.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.6.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:87; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-6-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 40, chapter 7
40.7.1Holl GCS 25/31:87
7. Πάλιν δὲ λέγουσιν οἱ αὐτοὶ τὸν Ἀδὰμ συναφθέντα τῇ Εὔᾳ τῇ ἰδίᾳ γαμετῇ γεγεννηκέναι τὸν Σήθ, φύσει ἴδιον αὐτοῦ υἱόν. καὶ τότε φασὶ τὴν ἄνω δύναμιν σὺν τοῖς ὑπουργοῖς τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θεοῦ ἀγγέλοις καταβεβηκέναι καὶ ἡρπακέναι αὐτὸν τὸν Σήθ,
7. Palin de legousin hoi autoi ton Adam synaphthenta tę̄ Euą tę̄ idią gametę̄ gegennēkenai ton Sēth, physei idion autou huion. kai tote phasi tēn anō dynamin syn tois hypourgois tou agathou theou angelois katabebēkenai kai hērpakenai auton ton Sēth,
The same people say again that Adam, having had intercourse with Eve his own wife, begot Seth, his own son by nature. And then, they say, the power above came down with the angels who serve the good God and snatched this Seth away,
Gen 4:25 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They say Seth was carried off by heavenly powers.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.7.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:87; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-7-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.7.2Holl GCS 25/31:87–88
ὃν καὶ Ἀλλογενῆ καλοῦσι, καὶ ἀνενηνοχέναι ἄνω που καὶ ἀναθρέψαι χρόνῳ ἱκανῷ, ἴνα μὴ ἀποκτανθῇ, καὶ μετὰ χρόνον πολὺν πάλιν κατενηνοχέναι εἰς τόνδε τὸν κόσμον καὶ πνευματικὸν ἀπεργάσασθαι αὐτὸν καὶ † σωματικόν, εἰς τὸ μὴ κατισχύειν τόν τε > κατʼ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰς ἄλλας ἐξουσιας καὶ ἀρχὰς τοῦ κοσμοποιοῦ θεοῦ.
hon kai Allogenē kalousi, kai anenēnochenai anō pou kai anathrepsai chronǭ hikanǭ, ina mē apoktanthę̄, kai meta chronon polyn palin katenēnochenai eis tonde ton kosmon kai pneumatikon apergasasthai auton kai † sōmatikon, eis to mē katischyein ton te > katʼ autou kai tas allas exousias kai archas tou kosmopoiou theou.
whom they also call Allogenes (the Stranger), carried him up somewhere above and nurtured him for a long time, so that he might not be killed; and after a long time brought him down again into this world and made him spiritual and … bodily, so that the … against him and the other authorities and principalities of the world-making God might not prevail.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Seth was reared above and sent back as a spiritual man.
- The edition marks the word before 'bodily' as corrupt (the sense seems to be 'hardly bodily'); another word is missing before 'against him'.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.7.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:87–88; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-7-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.7.3Holl GCS 25/31:88
μηκέτι δὲ αὐτόν φασι λελατρευκέναι τῷ τε ποιητῇ καὶ δημιουργῷ, ἐπεγνωκέναι δὲ τὴν ἀκατονόμαστον δύναμιν καὶ τὸν ἄνω ἀγαθὸν θεόν, τούτῳ > λελατρευκέναι καὶ κατὰ τοῦ ποιητοῦ τοῦ κόσμου καὶ ἀρχῶν καὶ ἐξουσιῶν πολλὰ ἀποκεκαλυφέναι. †ᾧ δὴ καὶ βίβλους τινὰς ἐξετύπωσαν εἰς ὄνομα αὐτοῦ τοῦ Σὴθ γεγραμμένας, παρʼ αὐτοῦ αὐτὰς δεδόσθαι λέγοντες, ἄλλας δὲ εἰς ὄνομα αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν ἑπτὰ υἱῶν αὐτοῦ.
mēketi de auton phasi lelatreukenai tǭ te poiētę̄ kai dēmiourgǭ, epegnōkenai de tēn akatonomaston dynamin kai ton anō agathon theon, toutǭ > lelatreukenai kai kata tou poiētou tou kosmou kai archōn kai exousiōn polla apokekalyphenai. †hǭ dē kai biblous tinas exetypōsan eis onoma autou tou Sēth gegrammenas, parʼ autou autas dedosthai legontes, allas de eis onoma autou kai tōn hepta huiōn autou.
They say that he no longer worshipped the Maker and Creator, but recognized the unnameable power and the good God above and worshipped him, and revealed many things against the maker of the world and the principalities and authorities. … So they have also produced certain books written in the name of this Seth, saying they were given by him, and others in his name and that of his seven sons.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Books were written in the name of Seth and his seven sons.
- The edition marks a corrupt word before 'So they have'. There is no section 40.7.4 in the digital text.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Repeated word and OCR slip.): παρʼ παρʼ αἰτοῦ → παρʼ αὐτοῦ.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.7.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:88; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-7-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.7.5Holl GCS 25/31:88
φασὶ γὰρ αὐτὸν ἑπτὰ γεγεννηκέναι > Ἀλλογενεῖς καλουμένους, ὡς καὶ ἐν ἄλλαις αἱρέσεσιν εἰρήκαμεν, Γνωστικῶν φημι καὶ Σηθιανῶν.
phasi gar auton hepta gegennēkenai > Allogeneis kaloumenous, hōs kai en allais hairesesin eirēkamen, Gnōstikōn phēmi kai Sēthianōn.
For they say that he begot seven sons, called Allogeneis, as we have said in other heresies too, I mean the Gnostics and the Sethians.
Notes and citation
Summary: Seth's seven sons are the 'Strangers'.
- Cf. Panarion 39.5.1.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.7.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:88; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-7-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.7.6Holl GCS 25/31:88
οὑτοι δὲ καὶ ἄλλους προφήτας φασὶν εἶναι, Μαρτιάδην τινὰ καὶ Μαρσιανόν, ἁρπαγέντας εἰς τοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ διὰ ἡμερῶν τριῶν καταβεβηκότας.
houtoi de kai allous prophētas phasin einai, Martiadēn tina kai Marsianon, harpagentas eis tous ouranous kai dia hēmerōn triōn katabebēkotas.
They also say there are other prophets, one Martiades and Marsianos, who were snatched up into the heavens and came down after three days.
Notes and citation
Summary: They honor two 'prophets' who ascended to heaven.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.7.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:88; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-7-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.7.7Holl GCS 25/31:88
καὶ πολλά ἐστιν ἃ μυθοποιοῦντες πλαστῶς ἐκτυποῦσι, βλάσφημά τε πλάττοντες κατὰ τοῦ ὄντος θεοῦ παντοκράτορος, πατρὸς τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὡς ἄρχοντος ὄντος καὶ πονηρίας εὑρετοῦ, ὡς ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῖς λόγων ἀλίσκονται.
kai polla estin ha mythopoiountes plastōs ektypousi, blasphēma te plattontes kata tou ontos theou pantokratoros, patros tou kyriou hēmōn Iēsou Christou, hōs archontos ontos kai ponērias heuretou, hōs apʼ autōn tōn parʼ autois logōn aliskontai.
And there are many things they fabricate and set forth in their myth-making, forging blasphemies against the true God almighty, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, as though he were a ruler and inventor of wickedness, as they are caught out from their own words.
Notes and citation
Summary: They blaspheme the Father as an evil ruler.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): βλάσηφημά → βλάσφημά.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.7.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:88; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-7-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.7.8Holl GCS 25/31:88
Εἰ γὰρ πονηρῶν ἐστιν εὑρετὴς καὶ κακοποιός, πῶς εὐθὺς οὐκ ἀγαθὸς εὑρεθείη, ὡς καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἄλλαις αἱρέσεσιν εἴπαμεν, κατὰ πορνείας καὶ μοιχείας καὶ ἁρπαγῆς καὶ πλεονεξίας νομοθετήσας; θεὸν γὰρ αὐτὸν τῶν Ἰουδαίων καὶ αὐτοὶ λέγουσι· τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις δὲ τὸν νόμον ἔδωκεν, ἐν ᾠ πάντα ταῦτα ἀπηγόρευσεν ὡν εὑρετὴν αὐτὸν λέγουσιν εἶναι. πῶς δὲ πατὴρ τοῦ Σατανᾶ κληθείη ὁ κατʼ αὐτοῦ τὰ τοσαῦτα ὑποδείξας;
Ei gar ponērōn estin heuretēs kai kakopoios, pōs euthys ouk agathos heuretheiē, hōs kai en tais allais hairesesin eipamen, kata porneias kai moicheias kai harpagēs kai pleonexias nomothetēsas? theon gar auton tōn Ioudaiōn kai autoi legousi; tois Ioudaiois de ton nomon edōken, en ǭ panta tauta apēgoreusen hōn heuretēn auton legousin einai. pōs de patēr tou Satana klētheiē ho katʼ autou ta tosauta hypodeixas?
For if he is the inventor of evils and an evildoer, how is he not at once found good, as we said in the other heresies too, since he legislated against sexual immorality, adultery, robbery, and greed? For they themselves call him the God of the Jews; and he gave the Jews the law, in which he forbade all the things they say he invented. And how could he be called the father of Satan who revealed so much against him?
Exod 20:14 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The God who forbade sin cannot be its author.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.7.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:88; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-7-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.7.9Holl GCS 25/31:88–89
καὶ εἰ ἀλλότριός ἐστι τοῦ ἄνω παρʼ αὐτοῖς λεγομένου θεοῦ καὶ οὐκ αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς ὁ παντοκράτωρ, ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ κύριος ἡμῶν, ὁ ἐν νόμῳ καὶ ἐν προφήταις καὶ ἐν εὐαγγελίοις καὶ ἀποστόλοις > αὐτὸς θεὸς κύριος, πατὴρ δὲ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, πῶς αὐτὸς σαφῶς ἡμᾶς διδάσκει ὁ κύριος ἐν εὐαγγελίῳ λέγων »εὐχαριστῶ σοι, πάτερ, κύριε οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς«. ἵνα δείξῃ τὸν αὐτοῦ πατέρα θεὸν τῶν πάντων.
kai ei allotrios esti tou anō parʼ autois legomenou theou kai ouk autos estin ho theos ho pantokratōr, ho basileus kai kyrios hēmōn, ho en nomǭ kai en prophētais kai en euangeliois kai apostolois > autos theos kyrios, patēr de tou kyriou hēmōn Iēsou Christou, pōs autos saphōs hēmas didaskei ho kyrios en euangeliǭ legōn »eucharistō soi, pater, kyrie ouranou kai gēs«. hina deixę̄ ton autou patera theon tōn pantōn.
And if he is alien to the God they speak of above, and is not himself God almighty, our King and Lord, the same Lord God in the law and in the prophets and in the Gospels and apostles, and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, how does the Lord himself clearly teach us in the Gospel, saying, 'I thank you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth,' to show that his Father is God of all?
Matt 11:25 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Jesus calls his Father Lord of heaven and earth.
- Matt 11:25.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.7.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:88–89; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-7-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 40, chapter 8
40.8.1Holl GCS 25/31:89
8. Καὶ περὶ νεκρῶν ἀναστάσεως ὑποφαίνων ἔσεσθαι πάλιν φησὶν ὁ ἐξ αὐτοῦ υἱός »λύσατε τὸν ναὸν τοῦτον, καὶ ἐν τρισὶν ἡμέραις ἐγερῶ αὐτόν«· ναὸν δὲ ἔλεγε τὸ ἴδιον σῶμα, λυόμενον μὲν διὰ χειρῶν ἀνθρώπων τουτέστιν ἀποκτεινόμενον.
8. Kai peri nekrōn anastaseōs hypophainōn esesthai palin phēsin ho ex autou huios »lysate ton naon touton, kai en trisin hēmerais egerō auton«; naon de elege to idion sōma, lyomenon men dia cheirōn anthrōpōn toutestin apokteinomenon.
And indicating again that there will be a resurrection of the dead, his Son says, 'Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up'; and by 'temple' he meant his own body, destroyed by human hands, that is, killed.
John 2:19 (quotation, high confidence) · John 2:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: John 2:19 shows the bodily resurrection.
- John 2:19, 21.
Topics: Eschatology, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:89; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.8.2Holl GCS 25/31:89
τὸ δὲ μὴ δὲ σῶμα, ἀλλὰ δοκήσει φαινόμενον, ὡς οὑτοι πάλιν λέγουσιν, οὐκ ἂν ἠδύνατο εἰς χεῖρας ἔρχεσθαι ἐγείρεσθαί τε τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ, καθὼς ἐπηγγείλατο.
to de mē de sōma, alla dokēsei phainomenon, hōs houtoi palin legousin, ouk an ēdynato eis cheiras erchesthai egeiresthai te tę̄ tritę̄ hēmerą, kathōs epēngeilato.
But what is not even a body, but appears in semblance, as these people again say, could not have come into hands and been raised on the third day, as he promised.
Notes and citation
Summary: A phantom body could not be killed and raised.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:89; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.8.3Holl GCS 25/31:89
δέδεικται τοίνυν σαφῶς διὰ τῆς τοιαύτης οἰκονομίας ἀναντίρρητος ἡ τῶν νεκρῶν ἀνάστασις καὶ <ὅτι> οὔτε χρεία ἐστὶν ἀπολογίας τῇ ἵνα λαλήσῃ πρὸς ἐκάστην ἐξουσίαν πλάττονται γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο, ὡς εἴρηται), ἀλλὰ τῆς τοῦ κυρίου εὐεργεσίας τῆς διὰ τῶν ἔργων καὶ τῆς πίστεως συνισταμένης, ὡς λέγει ὁ ἁγιώτατος Παῦλος,
dedeiktai toinyn saphōs dia tēs toiautēs oikonomias anantirrētos hē tōn nekrōn anastasis kai <hoti> oute chreia estin apologias tę̄ hina lalēsę̄ pros ekastēn exousian plattontai gar kai touto, hōs eirētai), alla tēs tou kyriou euergesias tēs dia tōn ergōn kai tēs pisteōs synistamenēs, hōs legei ho hagiōtatos Paulos,
So through this dispensation the resurrection of the dead has been clearly shown to be undeniable, and that there is no need of a defense for the soul to speak to each authority (for they fabricate this too, as has been said), but of the Lord's kindness, established through works and faith, as the most holy Paul says,
Notes and citation
Summary: Salvation needs no passwords, only the Lord's grace, works, and faith.
- The word 'soul' seems to have dropped out of the digital text and is supplied by sense.
Topics: Eschatology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:89; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.8.4Holl GCS 25/31:89
γράφων τῷ Τιμοθέῳ διὰ τούτων τῶν λόγων »ὅπως γινώσκοις πῶς δεῖ ἐν κυρίου περιπατεῖν, ἥτις ἐστὶν ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος, στῦλος καὶ ἐδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας«, »ἣν οἱ πολλοὶ ἀφέντες εἰς μύθους καὶ εἰς μωρολογίας ἐξετράπησαν«, »μὴ νοοῦντες μήτε ἃ λέγουσι μήτε περὶ τίνων διαβεβαιοῦνται«· »ὧν ἐστι Φύγελος καὶ Ἑρμογένης«.
graphōn tǭ Timotheǭ dia toutōn tōn logōn »hopōs ginōskois pōs dei en kyriou peripatein, hētis estin ekklēsia theou zōntos, stylos kai edraiōma tēs alētheias«, »hēn hoi polloi aphentes eis mythous kai eis mōrologias exetrapēsan«, »mē noountes mēte ha legousi mēte peri tinōn diabebaiountai«; »hōn esti Phygelos kai Hermogenēs«.
writing to Timothy in these words: 'so that you may know how one ought to walk in the house of the Lord, which is the church of the living God, the pillar and bulwark of the truth'; 'which many have abandoned and turned aside to myths and foolish talk', 'understanding neither what they say nor the things about which they make assertions'; 'among whom are Phygelus and Hermogenes.'
1 Tim 3:15 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 1:6 (quotation, medium confidence) · 1 Tim 1:7 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Tim 1:15 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul warns Timothy of those who turned to myths.
- 1 Tim 3:15; a free form of 1 Tim 1:6 (cf. 2 Tim 4:4); 1 Tim 1:7; 2 Tim 1:15.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:89; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.8.5Holl GCS 25/31:89
ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ ἐπιστολῇ Υμέναιον καὶ Φιλητὸν περὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἠστοχηκέναι λέγει, οἵτινες καὶ αὐτοὶ ταύτῃ τῇ αἱρέσει ἐξηκολούθησαν, ἄλλον θεὸν καταγγέλοντες καὶ γενεαλογίας ἀπεράντους, καὶ πλάνην ἐπισπείροντες τοῖς ἀνθρώποις καὶ λέγοντες μὴ ἐκ θεοῦ γεγενήσθαι τὸν κόσμον, ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ ἀρχῶν καὶ ἐξουσιῶν, τὴν δὲ ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγενῆσθαι διὰ τῶν γεννωμένων τέκνων ὑπὸ ἑκάστου τῶν γεννώντων, τὴν δὲ τῶν νεκρῶν οὐ λέγουσιν ἔσεσθαι.
alla kai en tę̄ deuterą epistolę̄ Ymenaion kai Philēton peri tēn alētheian ēstochēkenai legei, hoitines kai autoi tautę̄ tę̄ hairesei exēkolouthēsan, allon theon katangelontes kai genealogias aperantous, kai planēn epispeirontes tois anthrōpois kai legontes mē ek theou gegenēsthai ton kosmon, alla hypo archōn kai exousiōn, tēn de anastasin ēdē gegenēsthai dia tōn gennōmenōn teknōn hypo hekastou tōn gennōntōn, tēn de tōn nekrōn ou legousin esesthai.
And in the second letter he says that Hymenaeus and Philetus have swerved from the truth; they too followed this heresy, proclaiming another God and endless genealogies, sowing error among people and saying that the world was not made by God but by principalities and authorities, and that the resurrection has already happened through the children born of each parent, while they say that there will be no resurrection of the dead.
2 Tim 2:17 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Tim 2:18 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Tim 1:4 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Hymenaeus and Philetus held similar views.
- 2 Tim 2:17–18; 1 Tim 1:4. That these men held these particular views is Epiphanius's own claim.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.; Word split by a line-end hyphen and a stray mark.): ἐξη- | κολούθησαν → ἐξηκολούθησαν; τέχνων → τέκνων.
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:89; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.8.6Holl GCS 25/31:89
καὶ ὁρᾶτε, ἀδελφοί, τὸν χαρακτῆρα τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ τὸν ἔλεγχον τούτων παρανομίας.
kai horate, adelphoi, ton charaktēra tēs alētheias kai ton elenchon toutōn paranomias.
And see, brothers, the character of the truth and the refutation of their lawlessness.
Notes and citation
Summary: Truth refutes them.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:89; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.8.7Holl GCS 25/31:89–90
Ὑπολαμβάνω δὲ καὶ περὶ τούτων ἱκανῶς εἰρῆσθαι· ὅθεν ταύτην παραλιπὼν ἐπὶ τὰς ἐξῆς τὴν πορείαν ποιήσομαι, ἐκεῖνο μόνον εἰπών, ὡς πάνυ φαίνεται ἐοικυῖα αὓτη διὰ τῆς πολυωνύμου ἀρχοντικῆς ὀνομασίας τῇ πολυπλόκῳ ἑρπετῶν κακοηθείᾳ.
Hypolambanō de kai peri toutōn hikanōs eirēsthai; hothen tautēn paralipōn epi tas exēs tēn poreian poiēsomai, ekeino monon eipōn, hōs pany phainetai eoikuia hautē dia tēs polyōnymou archontikēs onomasias tę̄ polyplokǭ herpetōn kakoētheią.
I suppose enough has been said about these too; so, leaving this one, I will make my way to the next, saying only this: that by its many-named nomenclature of archons it seems very like the intricate malice of reptiles.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Archontics resemble a tangle of reptiles.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Word split by a line-end hyphen.): ὀνο- μασίας → ὀνομασίας.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:89–90; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.8.8Holl GCS 25/31:90
τρόπον γάρ τινα ἐκ πολλῶν ἑρπετῶν ἀναμίξ τῆς αὐτῶν πλάνης συνηγμένη ἐστὶν ἡ ἰοβολία, οἷον τὸ θρασὺ ἔχουσα τοῦ δράκοντος, τὸ δολερὸν τοῦ φυσάλου, τὴν ἀνθέλκυσιν τῆς πνοῆς τοῦ βαί[τ]ωνος, τὸ γαῦρον τοῦ ἀκοντίου, τὸ προπετὲς τοῦ ὀστρακίτου.
tropon gar tina ek pollōn herpetōn anamix tēs autōn planēs synēgmenē estin hē iobolia, hoion to thrasy echousa tou drakontos, to doleron tou physalou, tēn anthelkysin tēs pnoēs tou bai[t]ōnos, to gauron tou akontiou, to propetes tou ostrakitou.
For in a way the venom of their error is gathered from many reptiles mixed together, having the boldness of the dragon, the craftiness of the physalos, the breath-drawing of the boa, the arrogance of the dart-snake, the rashness of the ostrakites.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Their venom combines many snakes' traits.
- Names of snakes from ancient natural history; the identifications are uncertain. The editor deletes a letter in 'boa'.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:90; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
40.8.9Holl GCS 25/31:90
τούτων δὲ πάντων τὴν κεφαλὴν καταπατήσαντες τῇ τῆς ἀληθείας ὑποθέσει ἐπὶ τὰς λοιπὰς διέλθωμεν, ἐπιπόθητοι, τὴν ἑκάστης πλάνην ἀποκαλύψαι ἐν θεῷ πειρώμενοι.
toutōn de pantōn tēn kephalēn katapatēsantes tę̄ tēs alētheias hypothesei epi tas loipas dielthōmen, epipothētoi, tēn hekastēs planēn apokalypsai en theǭ peirōmenoi.
Having trampled on the head of all these with the foundation of the truth, let us go through the rest, beloved, trying in God to uncover the error of each.
Luke 10:19 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius moves on.
- Cf. Gen 3:15; Luke 10:19.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 40.8.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:90; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-40-8-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 41, chapter 1
41.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:90
Κέρδων τις τούτους καὶ τὸν Ἠρακλέωνα διαδέχεται ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ὢν σχολῆς, ἀπὸ Σίμωνός τε καὶ Σατορνίλου λαβὼν τὰς προφάσεις. οὑτος μετανάστης γίνεται ἀπὸ τῆς Συρίας καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν Ῥώμην ἐλθὼν λυμεών τις πέφηνεν ἑαυτῷ τε καὶ τοῖς αὐτῷ πειθομένοις, ὁ ἐλεεινότατος.
Kerdōn tis toutous kai ton Ērakleōna diadechetai ek tēs autēs ōn scholēs, apo Simōnos te kai Satornilou labōn tas prophaseis. houtos metanastēs ginetai apo tēs Syrias kai epi tēn Rhōmēn elthōn lymeōn tis pephēnen heautǭ te kai tois autǭ peithomenois, ho eleeinotatos.
A certain Cerdo succeeds these and Heracleon, being of the same school and taking his pretexts from Simon and Saturnilus. He emigrated from Syria, came to Rome, and proved a ruin to himself and to those who believed him, most wretched man.
Notes and citation
Summary: Cerdo came from Syria to Rome.
- Heresy 41, the Cerdonians. Cerdo is known chiefly from Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.27.1.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.27.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; allusion)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:90; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:90
ἐλεεινὴ γὰρ ἡ φύσις τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὅταν καταλείψασα τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ ὁδὸν πλανᾶται, καὶ ἀπόλωλεν ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ κλήσεως ἑαυτὴν ἀφορίσασα.
eleeinē gar hē physis tōn anthrōpōn, hotan kataleipsasa tēn tou theou hodon planatai, kai apolōlen apo tēs tou theou klēseōs heautēn aphorisasa.
For human nature is wretched when it abandons the way of God and wanders, and it perishes, having cut itself off from God's calling.
Notes and citation
Summary: Leaving God's way brings ruin.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:90; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:90
συμβέβηκε γὰρ τοῖς τοιούτοις ἧ τοῦ κυνὸς παροιμία, ὃς τῇ σκιᾷ προσέχων οὑ κατεῖχεν ἐν τῷ στόματι *, ἐμβλέπων εἰς ὕδωρ καὶ νομίσας τὴν ἐν τῷ ὕδατι σκιὰν μείζονα εἶναι τῆς ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτοῦ ἐδωδῆς, ἀνοίξας τὸ στόμα καὶ τὴν οὖσαν ἀπώλεσεν.
symbebēke gar tois toioutois hē tou kynos paroimia, hos tę̄ skią prosechōn hou kateichen en tǭ stomati *, emblepōn eis hydōr kai nomisas tēn en tǭ hydati skian meizona einai tēs en tǭ stomati autou edōdēs, anoixas to stoma kai tēn ousan apōlesen.
For the proverb of the dog has befallen such people: attending to the shadow of what he held in his mouth …, looking into water and thinking the shadow in the water larger than the food in his mouth, he opened his mouth and lost what he had.
Notes and citation
Summary: Like the dog and its reflection, heretics lose what they had.
- Aesop's fable of the dog and its reflection. A word is missing in the digital text.
Extrabiblical texts: Aesop (Aesop, Fables; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:90; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:90–91
οὕτω καὶ οὗτοι τὴν ὁδὸν εὑρόντες καὶ βουλόμενοι σκιᾶς περιγενέσθαι τῆς ἐν τῇ ὑπονοίᾳ αὐτῶν γενομένης τὴν οὐσαν ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν ὡς εἰπεῖν ἐκ θεοῦ τροφὴν κεχαρισμένην οὐ μόνον ἀπώλεσαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὄλεθρον ἑαυτοῖς ἐπεσπάσαντο.
houtō kai houtoi tēn hodon heurontes kai boulomenoi skias perigenesthai tēs en tę̄ hyponoią autōn genomenēs tēn ousan en tǭ stomati autōn hōs eipein ek theou trophēn kecharismenēn ou monon apōlesan, alla kai olethron heautois epespasanto.
So these too, having found the way and wishing to grasp the shadow that arose in their fancy, not only lost the food given them by God, which was, so to speak, in their mouth, but brought destruction on themselves.
Notes and citation
Summary: Heretics lose the truth for a shadow.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:90–91; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:91
Οὗτος τοίνυν ὁ Κέρδων ἐν χρόνοις Ὑγίνου γέγονεν ἐπισκόπου, τοῦ ἔνατον κλῆρον ἄγοντος ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν περὶ Ἰάκωβον καὶ Πέτρον καὶ Παῦλον ἀποστόλων διαδοχῆς. τὸ δὲ κήρυγμα αὐτοῦ τῆς τῶν προειρημένων αἱρεσιαρχῶν φλυαρίας μετέχον τὸ αὐτὸ μὲν εἶναι δοκεῖ, παρήλλακται δὲ παρʼ αὐτῷ τοῦτον ἔχον τὸν τρόπον·
Houtos toinyn ho Kerdōn en chronois Hyginou gegonen episkopou, tou enaton klēron agontos apo tēs tōn peri Iakōbon kai Petron kai Paulon apostolōn diadochēs. to de kērygma autou tēs tōn proeirēmenōn hairesiarchōn phlyarias metechon to auto men einai dokei, parēllaktai de parʼ autǭ touton echon ton tropon;
This Cerdo lived in the time of Hyginus the bishop, who held the ninth place in the succession from the apostles James, Peter, and Paul. His preaching, sharing in the nonsense of the heresiarchs mentioned before, seems to be the same, but is altered in him in this way:
Notes and citation
Summary: Cerdo taught at Rome under Bishop Hyginus.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.27.1; 3.4.3. Hyginus, bishop of Rome ca. 138–142 (dates approximate). Epiphanius counts James, Peter, and Paul at the head of the list.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.27.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; allusion)
Topics: Heresy, Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:91; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:91
Δύο καὶ οὑτος ἀρχὰς κεκήρυχεν τῷ βίῳ καὶ δύο δῆθεν θεούς, ἕνα ἀγαθὸν καὶ [ἕνα] ἄγνωστον τοῖς ἅπασιν, ὃν καὶ πατέρα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ κέκληκεν, καὶ ἕνα τὸν Δημιουργόν, πονηρὸν ὄντα καὶ γνωστόν, λαλήσαντα ἐν τῷ νόμῳ καὶ ἐν] τοῖς προφήταις φανέντα καὶ ὁρατὸν πολλάκις γενόμενον.
Dyo kai houtos archas kekērychen tǭ biǭ kai dyo dēthen theous, hena agathon kai [hena] agnōston tois hapasin, hon kai patera tou Iēsou keklēken, kai hena ton Dēmiourgon, ponēron onta kai gnōston, lalēsanta en tǭ nomǭ kai en] tois prophētais phanenta kai horaton pollakis genomenon.
He too proclaimed two principles to the world and supposedly two gods: one good and unknown to all, whom he called the Father of Jesus; and one the Demiurge, who is evil and known, who spoke in the law, appeared in the prophets, and was often seen.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Cerdo taught two gods: the good unknown Father and the evil Creator.
- Cf. Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.27.1. The editor deletes the second 'one' before 'unknown'.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.27.1 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; allusion)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:91; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:91
μὴ εἶναι δὲ τὸν Χριστὸν γεγεννημένον ἐκ Μαρίας μηδὲ ἐν σαρκὶ πεφηνέναι, ἀλλὰ δοκήσει ὄντα καὶ δοκήσει πεφηνότα, δοκήσει δὲ τὰ ὅλα πεποιηκότα. καὶ αὐτὸς δὲ σαρκὸς ἀνάστασιν ἀπωθεῖται, παλαιὰν δὲ ἀπαγορεύει διαθήκην τήν τε] διὰ Μωυσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν, ὡς ἀλλοτρίαν οὐσαν θεοῦ.
mē einai de ton Christon gegennēmenon ek Marias mēde en sarki pephēnenai, alla dokēsei onta kai dokēsei pephēnota, dokēsei de ta hola pepoiēkota. kai autos de sarkos anastasin apōtheitai, palaian de apagoreuei diathēkēn tēn te] dia Mōyseōs kai tōn prophētōn, hōs allotrian ousan theou.
And that Christ was not born of Mary nor appeared in the flesh, but existed in semblance, appeared in semblance, and did everything in semblance. He too rejects the resurrection of the flesh, and repudiates the Old Testament, that through Moses and the prophets, as alien to God.
Notes and citation
Summary: Cerdo denied Christ's flesh, the resurrection, and the Old Testament.
Topics: Heresy, Christology, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:91; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.1.8Holl GCS 25/31:91–92
ἐληλυθέναι δὲ τὸν Χριστὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ἄνωθεν ἐκ τοῦ ἀγνώστου πατρός, εἰς ἀθέτησιν τῆς τοῦ κοσμοποιοῦ καὶ δημιουργοῦ ἐνταῦθα, φησίν, ἀρχῆς καὶ τυραννίδος, ὤσπερ ἀμέλει καὶ πολλαὶ τῶν αἱρέσεων ἐξεῖπαν.
elēlythenai de ton Christon apo tōn anōthen ek tou agnōstou patros, eis athetēsin tēs tou kosmopoiou kai dēmiourgou entautha, phēsin, archēs kai tyrannidos, ōsper amelei kai pollai tōn haireseōn exeipan.
And that Christ came from above, from the unknown Father, to overthrow the rule and tyranny here, he says, of the world-maker and Demiurge, as indeed many of the heresies have said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Cerdo's Christ came to overthrow the Creator.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:91–92; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.1.9Holl GCS 25/31:92
ὀλίγῳ δὲ τῷ χρόνῳ οὑτος ἐν Ῥώμῃ γενόμενος μεταδέδωκεν αὐτοῦ τὸν ἰὸν Μαρκίωνι· διόπερ τοῦτον ὁ Μαρκίων διεδέξατο.
oligǭ de tǭ chronǭ houtos en Rhōmę̄ genomenos metadedōken autou ton ion Markiōni; dioper touton ho Markiōn diedexato.
Having been in Rome a short time, he passed on his venom to Marcion; and so Marcion succeeded him.
Notes and citation
Summary: Cerdo passed his teaching to Marcion.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.27.2.
Extrabiblical texts: Irenaeus, Irenaeus, Haer. 1.27.2 (Irenaeus, Against Heresies; allusion)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.1.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:92; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-1-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 41, chapter 2
41.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:92
2. Τῆς δὲ αἱρέσεως ὡσαύτως φωρατῆς οὔσης ἐν συντόμῳ περὶ ταύτης ἡμῖν ἔσται ὁ λόγος. ἀρξόμεθα δὲ πάλιν τῆς κατʼ αὐτοῦ ἀνατροπῆς ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῦ λεγομένων.
2. Tēs de haireseōs hōsautōs phōratēs ousēs en syntomǭ peri tautēs hēmin estai ho logos. arxometha de palin tēs katʼ autou anatropēs apʼ autōn tōn parʼ autou legomenōn.
Since the heresy is likewise easily detected, our discussion of it will be brief. We will again begin its refutation from the very things he says.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius begins a short refutation.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:92; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:92
ὅτι μὲν γὰρ δύο ἀρχὰς ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ εἶναι ἀδύνατον δῆλον. ἢ γὰρ αἱ δύο ἐκ μιᾶς εἰσί τινος ἢ ἡ μέν ἐστι δευτέρα ἡ δὲ τῆς δευτέρας αἰτία καὶ ἀρχή. ζητηθήσεται οὖν ἤτοι αἰτία τῶν δύο ἢ ὀποτέρα τούτων ἀρχὴ οὐσα τῆς ἑτέρας * ὡς ἔφην.
hoti men gar dyo archas epi to auto einai adynaton dēlon. ē gar hai dyo ek mias eisi tinos ē hē men esti deutera hē de tēs deuteras aitia kai archē. zētēthēsetai oun ētoi aitia tōn dyo ē opotera toutōn archē ousa tēs heteras * hōs ephēn.
That two first principles cannot exist together is plain. For either the two are from some one, or one is second and the other the cause and principle of the second. So there will be sought either a cause of the two or which of them is the principle of the other …, as I said.
Notes and citation
Summary: Two first principles cannot coexist.
- A word is missing in the digital text.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:92; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:92
καὶ οὕτως ἐκ παντὸς τρόπου ἐπὶ τὴν μίαν ἀνακτέον τὴν διάνοιαν, τὴν εὑρισκομένην πρώτην, ἐξ ἡς καὶ ἡ δευτέρα ἤτοι ἀμφότεραι, καθὼς δέδεικται, ὡς ἔφην].
kai houtōs ek pantos tropou epi tēn mian anakteon tēn dianoian, tēn heuriskomenēn prōtēn, ex hēs kai hē deutera ētoi amphoterai, kathōs dedeiktai, hōs ephēn].
And so in every way the mind must be brought back to the one which is found first, from which the second, or both, come, as has been shown.
Notes and citation
Summary: Reason leads back to one first principle.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:92; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:92
ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ δὲ ἀδύνατον τὰς δύο ἀρχὰς ὑπάρχειν, ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ διαφέρεσθαι τὴν μίαν πρὸς τὴν ἄλλην δυνατόν. εἰ γὰρ διαφέρονται, εἰσὶ μὲν δύο, τῷ δὲ δύο ἀριθμῷ εὑρίσκεσθαι τὸν ἕνα ἀριθμὸν ὑπερβεβήκασι· τοῦ δὲ ἑνὸς καὶ πρώτου ἀριθμοῦ ζητουμένου αἱ δύο τῷ ἐνὶ ἀριθμῷ καὶ ἀνωτέρῳ ὑπόκεινται, τῷ αἰτίῳ τῶν δύο ὄντι.
epi to auto de adynaton tas dyo archas hyparchein, allʼ oude diapheresthai tēn mian pros tēn allēn dynaton. ei gar diapherontai, eisi men dyo, tǭ de dyo arithmǭ heuriskesthai ton hena arithmon hyperbebēkasi; tou de henos kai prōtou arithmou zētoumenou hai dyo tǭ eni arithmǭ kai anōterǭ hypokeintai, tǭ aitiǭ tōn dyo onti.
It is impossible for the two principles to exist together, and it is not possible for one to be at odds with the other either. For if they differ, they are two, and by being found in the number two they have gone beyond the number one; but when the one and first number is sought, the two are subject to the one and higher number, which is the cause of the two.
Notes and citation
Summary: Two presupposes a prior one.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:92; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:92
οὐ γὰρ αἱ δύο, αἱ μετὰ τὸν ἕνα ἀριθμὸν ἢ τὴν μίαν ἀρχὴν καὶ πρώτην, αἰτίαι δύνανται εἶναι, τοῦ ἑνικοῦ ἀριθμοῦ καὶ ἀνωτάτου ἀεὶ ζητουμένου.
ou gar hai dyo, hai meta ton hena arithmon ē tēn mian archēn kai prōtēn, aitiai dynantai einai, tou henikou arithmou kai anōtatou aei zētoumenou.
For the two, which come after the number one or the one first principle, cannot be causes, since the single and highest number is always sought.
Notes and citation
Summary: Only the one can be the cause.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:92; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:92
εἰ γὰρ αἱ δύο εὑρεθήσονται μιᾶς οὐσαι συμφωνίας καὶ συγχαίρουσαι καὶ συμφωνοῦσαι ἀλλήλαις, ἐν τῷ τὴν μὲν μίαν παραμένειν τῆς ἑτέρας εὐδοκούσης καὶ τῆς ἄλλης δὲ χαιρούσης τῇ τῆς ἑτέρας συζυγίᾳ, ἡ στάσις τίς ἐστιν ἀνὰ μέσον ἀμφοτέρων;
ei gar hai dyo heurethēsontai mias ousai symphōnias kai synchairousai kai symphōnousai allēlais, en tǭ tēn men mian paramenein tēs heteras eudokousēs kai tēs allēs de chairousēs tę̄ tēs heteras syzygią, hē stasis tis estin ana meson amphoterōn?
For if the two are found to be of one accord, rejoicing together and agreeing with each other, the one remaining with the other's consent, and the other rejoicing in the partnership of the first, what strife is there between the two?
Notes and citation
Summary: If the two agree, there is no conflict to explain.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:92; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.2.7Holl GCS 25/31:92–93
εἰ δὲ στασιάζουσι καὶ ἰσχύουσιν ἅμα ἀμφότεραι πρὸς ἀλλήλας ἐπʼ ἴσης, οὐκέτι Χριστὸς ὁ ἐλθὼν διὰ τὴν ἀθέτησιν τῆς μιᾶς δυνήσεται καταλῦσαι τὴν ταύτης τυραννίδα, αὐτῆς ἀντεχούσης καὶ δυναμένης πρὸς τὴν ἄνω ἀόρατον καὶ ἀκατονόμαστον ἀγωνίζεσθαι ἀντέχειν τε καὶ μηδέποτε δυναμένης καταλύεσθαι.
ei de stasiazousi kai ischyousin hama amphoterai pros allēlas epʼ isēs, ouketi Christos ho elthōn dia tēn athetēsin tēs mias dynēsetai katalysai tēn tautēs tyrannida, autēs antechousēs kai dynamenēs pros tēn anō aoraton kai akatonomaston agōnizesthai antechein te kai mēdepote dynamenēs katalyesthai.
But if they are at strife and both are equally strong against each other, then Christ, who came to overthrow the one, will no longer be able to destroy its tyranny, since it resists and is able to contend with and withstand the invisible and unnameable one above, and can never be destroyed.
Notes and citation
Summary: If they are equal, Christ could not defeat the evil god.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip.): κοὶ ἰσχύουσιν → καὶ ἰσχύουσιν.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.2.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:92–93; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 41, chapter 3
41.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:93
3. Λέγει δὲ ὁ ἠλίθιος καὶ τὸν νόμον καὶ τοὺς προφήτας τῆς φαύλης καὶ ἐναντίος εἶναι ἀρχῆς, τὸν δὲ Χριστὸν τῆς ἀγαθῆς.
3. Legei de ho ēlithios kai ton nomon kai tous prophētas tēs phaulēs kai enantios einai archēs, ton de Christon tēs agathēs.
The fool also says that the law and the prophets belong to the evil and opposing principle, and Christ to the good.
Notes and citation
Summary: Cerdo assigns the law and prophets to the evil god.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:93; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:93
πόθεν οὖν οἱ προφῆται τὰ εἰς Χριστὸν τετυπωμένα προανεφώνησαν, εἰ μὴ μία ἦν καὶ ἡ αὐτὴ δύναμις ἡ λαλήσασα ἐν νόμῳ καὶ ἐν προφήταις καὶ εὐαγγελίοις; καθάπερ λέγει »ὁ λαλῶν ἐν τοῖς προφήταις ἰδοὺ πάρειμι« καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.
pothen oun hoi prophētai ta eis Christon tetypōmena proanephōnēsan, ei mē mia ēn kai hē autē dynamis hē lalēsasa en nomǭ kai en prophētais kai euangeliois? kathaper legei »ho lalōn en tois prophētais idou pareimi« kai ta hexēs.
How then did the prophets proclaim beforehand the things foreshadowed about Christ, unless it was one and the same power that spoke in the law, in the prophets, and in the Gospels? As he says, 'I who speak in the prophets, behold, I am here,' and so on.
Isa 52:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The same God speaks in prophets and Gospel.
- A form of Isa 52:6 LXX, with 'in the prophets' added.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:93; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:93
πόθεν δὲ καὶ ὁ κύριος ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ † προανεφώνει λέγων »εἰ Μωυσῇ ἐπιστεύετε, καὶ ἐμοὶ ἂν ἐπιστεύετε. ἐκεῖνος γὰρ περὶ ἐμοῦ ἔγραψε«.
pothen de kai ho kyrios en tǭ euangeliǭ † proanephōnei legōn »ei Mōysę̄ episteuete, kai emoi an episteuete. ekeinos gar peri emou egrapse«.
And how did the Lord in the Gospel … proclaim, saying, 'If you believed Moses, you would believe me too; for he wrote about me'?
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
John 5:46 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Jesus says Moses wrote of him.
- John 5:46. The edition marks a corrupt word before 'proclaim'.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:93; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:93
καὶ πολλά μοι ἔστι περὶ μαρτυριῶν λέγειν, καθὼς συναγείρας σχολὴν ἐαυτῷ ἐποίησεν ὁ ἐπὶ συγκυρήματι πονηρῷ τῷ κόσμῳ ἐπιβλαστήσας καὶ πλανήσας τοὺς ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ πεπλανημένους.
kai polla moi esti peri martyriōn legein, kathōs synageiras scholēn eautǭ epoiēsen ho epi synkyrēmati ponērǭ tǭ kosmǭ epiblastēsas kai planēsas tous hypʼ autou peplanēmenous.
I could say much about testimonies, and about how he gathered a school and made it his own, he who sprouted up in the world by an evil chance and led astray those he has deceived.
Notes and citation
Summary: Much more could be said against Cerdo.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:93; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:93
παρελεύσομαι δὲ καὶ ταύτην, ὡσεὶ βέμβικος καὶ πεμφρηδόνος τῶν ὀδυνοποιῶν ἐκ πετεινῶν κνωδάλων ὁρμωμένων ὑπὸ μίαν θῆξιν ἐκπετασθέντων τὴν ἀνάλωσιν ποιησάμενος διὰ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ἐναργεστάτης πίστεώς τε καὶ σωτηριώδους διδασκαλίας τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ εἰπόντος »βλέπετε μὴ πλανηθῆτε·
pareleusomai de kai tautēn, hōsei bembikos kai pemphrēdonos tōn odynopoiōn ek peteinōn knōdalōn hormōmenōn hypo mian thēxin ekpetasthentōn tēn analōsin poiēsamenos dia tēs tou theou enargestatēs pisteōs te kai sōtēriōdous didaskalias tou kyriou hēmōn Iēsou Christou tou eipontos »blepete mē planēthēte;
But I will pass this one by too, having destroyed it like a hornet or a wasp, among the stinging winged insects that rush out and fly with a single sting, by the most evident faith of God and the saving teaching of our Lord Jesus Christ, who said, 'See that you are not led astray;
Luke 21:8 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 24:4 (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius dismisses Cerdo like a stinging insect.
- Luke 21:8 (cf. Matt 24:4).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:93; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
41.3.6Holl GCS 25/31:93
πολλοὶ γὰρ ἐλεύσονται ψευδοπροφῆται« καὶ τοῦ ἀποστόλου <τοῦ> περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν καὶ ψευδοδιδασκάλων καὶ ψευδαδέλφων φήσαντος καὶ ἡμᾶς ἀσφαλισμένου· ἐπὶ τὰς ἑξῆς <τε> κατὰ τὴν ἀκολουθίαν τῶν ἄλλων ποιήσομαι τὴν ὑφήγησιν.
polloi gar eleusontai pseudoprophētai« kai tou apostolou <tou> peri tōn autōn kai pseudodidaskalōn kai pseudadelphōn phēsantos kai hēmas asphalismenou; epi tas hexēs <te> kata tēn akolouthian tōn allōn poiēsomai tēn hyphēgēsin.
for many false prophets will come'; and of the apostle, who spoke about these same people, false teachers and false brothers, and made us secure. And I will proceed to describe the next ones in the order of the others.
Matt 24:11 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Pet 2:1 (allusion, medium confidence) · Gal 2:4 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ and the apostle warned of false teachers.
- Matt 24:11; 2 Pet 2:1; Gal 2:4; 2 Cor 11:26.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 41.3.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:93; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-41-3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 42, chapter 1
42.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:93–94
Μαρκίων, ἀφʼ οὗπερ οἱ Μαρκιωνισταί, ἐκ τούτου τοῦ προειρημένου Κέρδωνος τὴν πρόφασιν εἰληφὼς καὶ αὐτὸς μέγας ὄφις προῆλθεν τῷ βίῳ, πολὺ δὲ πλῆθος ἐξαπατήσας ἔτι εἰς δεῦρο εἰς πολλοὺς τρόποις προεστήσατο διδασκαλεῖον.
Markiōn, aphʼ houper hoi Markiōnistai, ek toutou tou proeirēmenou Kerdōnos tēn prophasin eilēphōs kai autos megas ophis proēlthen tǭ biǭ, poly de plēthos exapatēsas eti eis deuro eis pollous tropois proestēsato didaskaleion.
Marcion, from whom the Marcionites come, took his starting point from this Cerdo whom I mentioned before. He too came forth into life as a great serpent, and having deceived a great multitude, he set up a school that has lasted to this day in many forms.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius introduces Marcion as a follower of Cerdo who deceived many.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Repeated syllables in the digital text.): προειρημένου μένου → προειρημένου.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:93–94; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-42-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:94
ἡ δὲ αἵρεσις ἔτι καὶ νῦν ἔν τε Ρώμῃ καὶ ἐν τῇ Ἰταλίᾳ, ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ τε καὶ ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ, ἐν Ἀραβίᾳ τε καὶ ἐν τῇ Συρίᾳ, ἐν Κύπρῳ τε καὶ Θηβαΐδι, οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν τῇ Περσίδι καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις τόποις εὑρίσκεται. μεγάλως γὰρ ὁ πονηρὸς ἐν αὐτῷ κατίσχυσε τὴν ἀπάτην.
hē de hairesis eti kai nyn en te Rōmę̄ kai en tę̄ Italią, en Aigyptǭ te kai en Palaistinę̄, en Arabią te kai en tę̄ Syrią, en Kyprǭ te kai Thēbaïdi, ou mēn alla kai en tę̄ Persidi kai en allois topois heurisketai. megalōs gar ho ponēros en autǭ katischyse tēn apatēn.
The sect is still found even now in Rome and in Italy, in Egypt and in Palestine, in Arabia and in Syria, in Cyprus and the Thebaid, and indeed also in Persia and in other places. For the evil one has greatly strengthened the deception in him.
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcion's sect still survives in many regions of the empire and beyond.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:94; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-42-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:94
Οὗτος τὸ γένος Ποντικὸς ὑπῆρχεν, Ἑλενοπόντου δὲ φημι, Σινώπης δὲ πόλεως, ὡς πολὺς περὶ αὐτοῦ ᾄδεται λόγος.
Houtos to genos Pontikos hypērchen, Helenopontou de phēmi, Sinōpēs de poleōs, hōs polys peri autou ądetai logos.
He was by birth from Pontus, I mean Helenopontus, from the city of Sinope, as much report sings of him.
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcion came from Sinope in Pontus.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:94; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-42-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:94
τὸν δὲ πρῶτον αὐτοῦ βίον παρθενίαν δῆθεν ἤσκει· μονάζων γὰρ ὑπῆρχεν καὶ ἐπισκόπου τῆς ἡμετέρας ἁγίας καθολικῆς ἐκκλησίας. χρόνου δὲ προϊόντος προσφθείρεται παρθένῳ τινὶ καὶ ἐξαπατήσας τὴν παρθένον ἀπὸ τῆς ἐλπίδος αὐτήν τε καὶ ἑαυτὸν κατέσπασε καὶ τὴν φθορὰν ἀπεργασάμενος ἐξεοῦται τῆς ἐκκλησίας ὑπὸ τοῦ ἰδίου πατρός.
ton de prōton autou bion parthenian dēthen ēskei; monazōn gar hypērchen kai episkopou tēs hēmeteras hagias katholikēs ekklēsias. chronou de proïontos prosphtheiretai parthenǭ tini kai exapatēsas tēn parthenon apo tēs elpidos autēn te kai heauton katespase kai tēn phthoran apergasamenos exeoutai tēs ekklēsias hypo tou idiou patros.
In his early life he supposedly practised virginity, for he was a solitary and the son of a bishop of our holy catholic church. But as time went on he seduced a certain virgin; having deceived the virgin, he dragged both her and himself down from their hope, and after committing the seduction he was expelled from the church by his own father.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius reports that Marcion, a bishop's son, seduced a virgin and was excommunicated by his father.
- This hostile story is found only in Epiphanius and later writers; it is translated as he reports it. 'Solitary' renders μονάζων, 'living as a monk'. The digital text's ἐξεοῦται is taken as a form of 'is expelled' (probably ἐξωθεῖται).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip for 'virgin'.): παθένῳ → παρθένῳ.
Topics: Heresy, Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:94; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-42-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:94
ἡν γὰρ αὐτοῦ ὁ πατὴρ διʼ ὑπερβολὴν εὐλαβείας τῶν διαφανῶν καὶ σφόδρα τὰ] τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἐπιμελομένων, διαπρέπων ἐν τῇ τῆς ἐπισκοπῆς λειτουργίᾳ.
hēn gar autou ho patēr diʼ hyperbolēn eulabeias tōn diaphanōn kai sphodra ta] tēs ekklēsias epimelomenōn, diaprepōn en tę̄ tēs episkopēs leitourgią.
For his father was, out of an extraordinary piety, one of the distinguished men who took very great care for the affairs of the church, and he was eminent in the ministry of the episcopate.
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcion's father was a pious and eminent bishop.
- A stray bracket (τὰ]) in the digital text is ignored.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:94; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-42-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:94
πολλὰ δὲ δῆθεν ὁ Μαρκίων καθικετεύσας καὶ αἰτήσας μετάνοιαν οὐκ εἴληφε παρὰ τοῦ ἰδίου πατρός. πόνος γὰρ εἶχε τὸν ἀξιόλογον γέροντα καὶ ἐπίσκοπον, ὅτι οὐ μόνον ἐξέπεσεν ἀλλʼ ὅτι καὶ αὐτῷ τὸ αἶσχος ἔφερεν.
polla de dēthen ho Markiōn kathiketeusas kai aitēsas metanoian ouk eilēphe para tou idiou patros. ponos gar eiche ton axiologon geronta kai episkopon, hoti ou monon exepesen allʼ hoti kai autǭ to aischos epheren.
Marcion, so the story goes, begged much and asked for penance, but did not receive it from his own father. For grief held the worthy old man and bishop, because Marcion had not only fallen but had also brought shame upon him.
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcion's father refused to readmit him to penance.
- μετάνοια is rendered 'penance' here, since readmission to the church's communion is meant.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:94; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-42-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:94–95
ὡς τοίνυν οὐκ ἔτυχε παρʼ αὐτοῦ διὰ τῆς κολακείας ὡν ἐδέετο, μὴ φέρων τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν πολλῶν χλεύην ἀποδιδράσκει τῆς Πόλεως τῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἄνεισιν εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην αὐτήν, μετὰ τὸ τελευτῆσαι Ὑγῖνον τὸν ἐπίσκοπον Ρώμης οὗτος δὲ ἔνατος ἠν ἀπὸ Πέτρου καὶ Παύλου τῶν ἀποστόλων), καὶ τοῖς ἔτι πρεσβύταις περιοῦσι καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν μαθητῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων ὁρμωμένοις συμβαλὼν ᾔτει συναχθῆναι καὶ οὐδεὶς αὐτῷ συγκεχώρηκε.
hōs toinyn ouk etyche parʼ autou dia tēs kolakeias hōn edeeto, mē pherōn tēn apo tōn pollōn chleuēn apodidraskei tēs Poleōs tēs autou kai aneisin eis tēn Rhōmēn autēn, meta to teleutēsai Hyginon ton episkopon Rōmēs houtos de enatos ēn apo Petrou kai Paulou tōn apostolōn), kai tois eti presbytais periousi kai apo tōn mathētōn tōn apostolōn hormōmenois symbalōn ę̄tei synachthēnai kai oudeis autǭ synkechōrēke.
So, since he did not obtain from him by flattery what he was asking for, and could not bear the ridicule of the many, he ran away from his city and went up to Rome itself, after the death of Hyginus, bishop of Rome (he was the ninth from the apostles Peter and Paul). He met the presbyters who were still living, men who had come from the disciples of the apostles, and asked to be admitted to communion, and no one granted it to him.
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcion went to Rome after Hyginus's death and was refused communion by the presbyters.
- 'Admitted to communion' renders συναχθῆναι, literally 'to be gathered in' (to the assembly).
Topics: Heresy, Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:94–95; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-42-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.1.8Holl GCS 25/31:95
ζήλῳ λοιπὸν ἐπαρθείς, ὡς οὐκ ἀπείληφε τὴν προεδρίαν τε καὶ τὴν εἴσδυσιν τῆς ἐκκλησίας, ἐπινοεῖ ἑαυτῷ καὶ προσφεύγει τῇ τοῦ ἀπατεῶνος Κέρδωνος αἱρέσει.
zēlǭ loipon epartheis, hōs ouk apeilēphe tēn proedrian te kai tēn eisdysin tēs ekklēsias, epinoei heautǭ kai prospheugei tę̄ tou apateōnos Kerdōnos hairesei.
Then, carried away by jealousy because he had not obtained the chief seat and entry into the church, he took thought for himself and took refuge in the sect of Cerdo the deceiver.
Notes and citation
Summary: Resentful at his exclusion, Marcion joined Cerdo's sect.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.1.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:95; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/40-1-1/#p-42-1-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.