Ephesians 2 in the early church
896 passages quote, allude to, or echo Ephesians 2, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22
Ephesians 2:1
And you were dead in your trespasses and sins,
Ephesians 2:2
in which you used to walk when you conformed to the ways of this world and of the ruler of the power of the air, the spirit who is now at work in the sons of disobedience.
Ephesians 2:3
All of us also lived among them at one time, fulfilling the cravings of our flesh and indulging its desires and thoughts. Like the rest, we were by nature children of wrath.
Ephesians 2:4
But because of His great love for us, God, who is rich in mercy,
Ephesians 2:5
made us alive with Christ even when we were dead in our trespasses. It is by grace you have been saved!
Ephesians 2:6
And God raised us up with Christ and seated us with Him in the heavenly realms in Christ Jesus,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eph 2:6 | PG 12:1185 (Ps 8–9 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on John 10.232 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Eph 2:6 | Homilies on Exodus 5.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:6 | Homilies on Joshua 8.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:6 | Homilies on Numbers 12.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.222 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Eph 2:6 | Against Celsus 8.22 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on Matthew 10.14 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on Romans 1.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on Romans 4.7 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on Romans 5.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on Romans 5.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on Romans 5.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:6–7 | Against Marcellus 2.1.15 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 336–337 |
| Eph 2:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 56.7 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 58.6 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 60.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 62.12 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 118.12.4 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 118.15.12 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 119.5 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:6 | Tractates on the Psalms 119.6 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on Ephesians 2.6 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on Ephesians 2:7 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Eph 2:6 | On the Holy Spirit 28.69 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Eph 2:6 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 44.5.12 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, medium confidence | 374-377 |
| Eph 2:6 | On the Christian Faith 4.10 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Eph 2:6 | On the Christian Faith 5.14 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Eph 2:6 | Exposition of Psalm 118 10.14.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Eph 2:6 | Exposition of Psalm 118 20.20.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Eph 2:6 | Letter 55.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Eph 2:6 | Letter 94.5 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Eph 2:6 | Sermon 263.2 · Augustine of Hippo | echo, medium confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Eph 2:6 | Sermon 330.2 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Eph 2:6 | Homily 15.2 on 1 Timothy · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| Eph 2:6 | Letters 30.4 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Eph 2:6 | Letters 45.5 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Eph 2:6 | On the Christian Struggle 28 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 396–397 |
| Eph 2:6 | On the Christian Struggle 29 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 396–397 |
| Eph 2:6 | On Baptism, against the Donatists 1.5 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
| Eph 2:6 | On Baptism, against the Donatists 5.12 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
| Eph 2:6 | Against the Letter of Parmenian 3.27 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Eph 2:6 | Apology against Jerome 1.34 · Rufinus of Aquileia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 401 |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 29 · Rufinus of Aquileia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 404 |
| Eph 2:6 | Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 46 · Rufinus of Aquileia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 404 |
| Eph 2:6 | Part 14 · Eutherius of Tyana | quotation, high confidence | ca. 431-440 |
Ephesians 2:7
in order that in the coming ages He might display the surpassing riches of His grace, demonstrated by His kindness to us in Christ Jesus.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eph 2:7 | Against Heresies 4.5.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Eph 2:7 | On First Principles 2.3.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Eph 2:7 | Commentary on John 13.351 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Eph 2:7 | On Prayer 27.15 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Eph 2:7 | Commentary on Matthew 15.31 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Eph 2:7 | Against the Arians 11 · Phoebadius of Agen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357-358 |
| Eph 2:7 | Commentary on Ephesians 2.7 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Eph 2:7 | Commentary on Ephesians 2:8 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Eph 2:7 | Apology against Rufinus 1.24 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 401–402 |
| Eph 2:7 | Apology against Jerome 1.34 · Rufinus of Aquileia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 401 |
Ephesians 2:8
For it is by grace you have been saved through faith, and this not from yourselves; it is the gift of God,
Ephesians 2:9
not by works, so that no one can boast.
Ephesians 2:10
For we are God’s workmanship, created in Christ Jesus to do good works, which God prepared in advance as our way of life.
Ephesians 2:11
Therefore remember that formerly you who are Gentiles in the flesh and called uncircumcised by the so-called circumcision (that done in the body by human hands)—
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eph 2:11 | Against Marcion 5.17 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Eph 2:11 | Commentary on Romans 4.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:11 | Commentary on Ephesians 2.11 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Eph 2:11 | Commentary on Ephesians 2:11–12 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Eph 2:11 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.11.8 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Eph 2:11 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.12.3 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Eph 2:11–22 | Sermon 156.15 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Ephesians 2:12
remember that at that time you were separate from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers to the covenants of the promise, without hope and without God in the world.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eph 2:12 | 2 Clement 1.7 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | ca. 100–150 |
| Eph 2:12 | Exhortation to the Greeks 2.23 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Eph 2:12 | On Proverbs, fragment 24 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 200–235 |
| Eph 2:12 | Against Marcion 5.11 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Eph 2:12 | Against Marcion 5.17 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Eph 2:12 | PG 12:1249 (Ps 20 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on John 6.27 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on John 10.193 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Eph 2:12 | Homily on Luke 33 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–250 |
| Eph 2:12 | Homily on 1 Samuel 1.17 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:12 | Homilies on Exodus 7.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:12 | Homilies on Joshua 20.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:12 | Homilies on Jeremiah 4.2 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 240 |
| Eph 2:12 | To Theopompus on the Impassibility and Passibility of God, section 26 · Gregory Thaumaturgus | echo, low confidence | if authentic, ca. 240-275 |
| Eph 2:12 | Against Celsus 2.78 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Eph 2:12 | Against Celsus 5.33 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Eph 2:12 | Against Celsus 8.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Eph 2:12 | Against Celsus 8.43 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 117 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on Matthew 10.16 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on Romans 1.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on Romans 4.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on Romans 8.11 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:12 | Acta Archelai (Latin) 38 · Hegemonius | allusion, medium confidence | early to mid 4th century (Greek original) |
| Eph 2:12 | Prophetic Extracts 2.9 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Eph 2:12 | Against Arius 1.21 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–362 |
| Eph 2:12 | Homilies on the Psalms 33.8 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Eph 2:12 | Homilies on the Psalms 48.1 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Eph 2:12 | Homilies on the Psalms 59.1 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on Ephesians 2.12 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Eph 2:12 | Commentary on Ephesians 2:11–12 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Eph 2:12 | On Virginity 4 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–371 |
| Eph 2:12 | On the Holy Spirit 10.26 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Eph 2:12 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.11.8 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Eph 2:12 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.12.3 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Eph 2:12 | Sermon 37.21 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Eph 2:12 | Poem 31, lines 377–408 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Eph 2:12 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 12.24 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Eph 2:12 | Tractates 10 · Gaudentius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
| Eph 2:12 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 15.26 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| Eph 2:12 | On the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins 1.46 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 411–412 |
| Eph 2:12 | Book 1, chapter 18 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 440-450 |
| Eph 2:12 | Book 2, chapter 14 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 440-450 |
Ephesians 2:13
But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far away have been brought near through the blood of Christ.
Ephesians 2:14
For He Himself is our peace, who has made the two one and has torn down the dividing wall of hostility
Ephesians 2:15
by abolishing in His flesh the law of commandments and decrees. He did this to create in Himself one new man out of the two, thus making peace
Ephesians 2:16
and reconciling both of them to God in one body through the cross, by which He put to death their hostility.
Ephesians 2:17
He came and preached peace to you who were far away and peace to those who were near.
Ephesians 2:18
For through Him we both have access to the Father by one Spirit.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eph 2:18 | Against Marcion 5.17 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Eph 2:18 | Commentary on Romans 4.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Eph 2:18 | Tractates on the Psalms 60.6 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Eph 2:18 | Commentary on Ephesians 2.18 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Eph 2:18 | Against Eunomius 1.26 · Basil of Caesarea | echo, medium confidence | ca. 364 |
| Eph 2:18 | Commentary on Ephesians 2:17–18 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Eph 2:18 | Sermon 204.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Eph 2:18 | Apology against Jerome 1.39 · Rufinus of Aquileia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 401 |
| Eph 2:18 | On the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins 1.46 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 411–412 |
Ephesians 2:19
Therefore you are no longer strangers and foreigners, but fellow citizens with the saints and members of God’s household,
Ephesians 2:20
built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus Himself as the cornerstone.
Ephesians 2:21
In Him the whole building is fitted together and grows into a holy temple in the Lord.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eph 2:21 | Epistle of Barnabas 6.15 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Eph 2:21 | Epistle of Barnabas 16.10 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Eph 2:21 | Miscellanies 6.11.95 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Eph 2:21 | Miscellanies 7.5.29 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Eph 2:21 | Homilies on Joshua 13.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:21 | Cib. 14 · Methodius of Olympus | quotation, high confidence | late 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| Eph 2:21 | Oration to the Assembly of the Saints 1.3 · Constantine the Great | echo, low confidence | ca. 325 (dated variously 317–325) |
| Eph 2:21 | Oration II Against the Arians 74 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Eph 2:21 | Commentary on Ephesians 2.21 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Eph 2:21 | Oration 19.8 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Eph 2:21 | Against Eunomius 3.4 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 364 |
| Eph 2:21 | Commentary on Ephesians 2:21–22 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Eph 2:21 | Book of Rules 1 · Tyconius | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Eph 2:21 | Exposition of Psalm 118 6.19.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Eph 2:21 | Poem 27, lines 445–476 · Paulinus of Nola | echo, medium confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Eph 2:21 | Letters 2.4 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Eph 2:21 | Exposition of the Right Faith 5 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | early 5th century (probably Theodoret) |
Ephesians 2:22
And in Him you too are being built together into a dwelling place for God in His Spirit.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eph 2:22 | Homilies on Joshua 13.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:22 | Homilies on Joshua 13.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Eph 2:22 | Homilies on the Psalms 28.5 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Eph 2:22 | Commentary on Ephesians 2.21 · Marius Victorinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–363 |
| Eph 2:22 | Oration 2.40 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Eph 2:22 | Against Eunomius 3.4 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 364 |
| Eph 2:22 | Commentary on Ephesians 2:21–22 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Eph 2:22 | Sermon 156.13 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Eph 2:22 | Letters 2.4 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Eph 2:22 | Letters 32.18 · Paulinus of Nola | echo, low confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Eph 2:22 | Exposition of the Right Faith 5 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | early 5th century (probably Theodoret) |