Panarion (Medicine Chest Against Heresies), Haer. 1-64 42.13.1–44.6.5
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25/31 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Bände 1-2 (GCS 25, 1915, and GCS 31, 1922, Leipzig: Hinrichs), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitized file's own metadata describes it as spanning Holl's volumes 1-3 (1915-1933), but its text in fact ends at Haer. 64 (confirmed: the last division is Haer. 64, on Origen, matching the end of GCS 31); Holl's third volume (GCS 37, 1933) is not present in this digital text.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Haer. 42, chapter 13
42.13.1Holl GCS 25/31:182–183
Αὕτη μὲν ἡμῶν ἡ προθεωρηθεῖσα ἐν τοῖς προειρημένοις σύνταφις, ἀναλεχθεῖσιν ἀπὸ τῆς παρʼ αὐτῷ τῷ Μαρχίωνι ἔτι σῳζομένης γραφῆς, ἧς τὴν ἀνάλεξιν σκοπήσας τις ἐκπλαγείη τὰς τοῦ μεγαλοδώρου θεοῦ οἰκονομίας.
Hautē men hēmōn hē protheōrētheisa en tois proeirēmenois syntaphis, analechtheisin apo tēs parʼ autǭ tǭ Marchiōni eti sǭzomenēs graphēs, hēs tēn analexin skopēsas tis ekplageiē tas tou megalodōrou theou oikonomias.
This, then, is the compilation of ours set out above, drawn from the scripture still preserved by Marcion himself; anyone who examines the selection would be amazed at the dispensations of the bountiful God.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius reflects on his compilation of excerpts from Marcion's own Scripture.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.13.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:182–183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-13-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.13.2Holl GCS 25/31:183
ἑκάστου γὰρ πράγματος διὰ τριῶν μαρτυριῶν ἐπιβεβαιουμένου καὶ συνισταμένου, ὡς ἐνταῦθα ψιλῶς ὁ θεὸς ἐχαρίσατο συνάψαι (ὡς ἔφην) ἡμᾶς κατὰ οἰκονομίαν ἑβδομήκοντα μὲν ὀκτὼ μαρτυρίας ἀπο τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, τεσσαράκοντα δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀποστόλου;
hekastou gar pragmatos dia triōn martyriōn epibebaioumenou kai synistamenou, hōs entautha psilōs ho theos echarisato synapsai (hōs ephēn) hēmas kata oikonomian hebdomēkonta men oktō martyrias apo tou euangeliou, tessarakonta de apo tou apostolou?
For since every matter is confirmed and established by three witnesses, is it not remarkable how God simply granted us here, as I said, by his providence, to put together seventy-eight testimonies from the gospel and forty from the apostle?
Deut 19:15 (allusion, medium confidence) · 2 Cor 13:1 (allusion, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius counts 78 testimonies from Marcion's gospel and 40 from his Apostolikon.
- 'By three witnesses' alludes to Deut 19:15 (cf. 2 Cor 13:1).
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.13.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-13-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.13.3Holl GCS 25/31:183
καὶ ταύτας παρʼ αὐτῷ εἰς ἔτι καὶ δεὺρο σῳζομένας τε καὶ οὐκ ἀμφιβαλλομένας, ὡς εἶναι τὰς πάσας ἑκατὸν δεκαοκτώ, ἀντιλεγούσας δὲ πάσας τῇ αὐτοῦ Μαρκίωνος γνώμῃ, ὡς ἀπὸ προσώπου ὁνόματος κυρίου διὰ τῶν δεκαοκτὼ καὶ τῆς αὐτοῦ ἐνδεξίου εὐλογίας διὰ τῶν ἑκατόν.
kai tautas parʼ autǭ eis eti kai deuro sǭzomenas te kai ouk amphiballomenas, hōs einai tas pasas hekaton dekaoktō, antilegousas de pasas tę̄ autou Markiōnos gnōmę̄, hōs apo prosōpou honomatos kyriou dia tōn dekaoktō kai tēs autou endexiou eulogias dia tōn hekaton.
And these are preserved by him to this day and not in dispute, so that there are a hundred and eighteen in all, and all contradict the opinion of Marcion himself, as though from the face of the Lord's name through the eighteen, and of his blessing at the right hand through the hundred.
Notes and citation
Summary: The 118 testimonies all contradict Marcion; Epiphanius finds meaning in the numbers 18 and 100.
- The number symbolism is Epiphanius's own: 18 (ιη) are the first letters of the name Jesus, and 100 was counted on the right hand in ancient finger reckoning. The sense of 'face' (προσώπου) is uncertain in the digital text.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.13.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-13-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.13.4Holl GCS 25/31:183
ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπʼ ἄλλης περισσῆς πρὸς ἐπὶ τούτοις * ἐκτὸς τοῦ εὐαγγελίου καὶ τοῦ ἐποστόλου· οὐ γὰρ ἔδοξε τῷ ἐλλεεινοτάτῳ Μαρκίωνι ἀπὸ τῆς πρὸς Ἐφεςίους ταύτην τὴν μαρτυρίαν λέγειν, ἀλλὰ τῆς πρὸς Λαοδικέας, τῆς μὴ οὔσης ἐν τῷ ἀποστόλῳ.
alla kai epʼ allēs perissēs pros epi toutois * ektos tou euangeliou kai tou epostolou; ou gar edoxe tǭ elleeinotatǭ Markiōni apo tēs pros Ephesious tautēn tēn martyrian legein, alla tēs pros Laodikeas, tēs mē ousēs en tǭ apostolǭ.
But also with another, besides these, … outside the gospel and the apostle; for the most pitiable Marcion did not choose to cite this testimony from Ephesians but from Laodiceans, which is not in the Apostle.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Eph 4:5 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: One further testimony comes from Marcion's 'Laodiceans', which is not in the church's Pauline collection.
- The edition marks a gap (*); the sense is that one more testimony is added from outside the gospel and the Apostle.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.13.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-13-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.13.5Holl GCS 25/31:183
αἷς μὴ ἐντυγχάνων ἠλιθίως ὁ κτηνώδης καὶ ἐν πολλοῖς πεςὼν ὁ τάλας οὐχ ὁρᾷ τὴν κατʼ αὐτοῦ ἀνατροπὴν καθʼ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ὁμολογουμένην. καὶ μηδεὶς θαυμαζέτω περὶ τούτου.
hais mē entynchanōn ēlithiōs ho ktēnōdēs kai en pollois pesōn ho talas ouch horą tēn katʼ autou anatropēn kathʼ hekastēn hēmeran homologoumenēn. kai mēdeis thaumazetō peri toutou.
Not reading these with understanding, the brute foolishly, the wretch fallen in many ways, does not see the overthrow of himself that he admits every day. And let no one wonder at this.
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcion fails to see that the texts he keeps refute him.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.13.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-13-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.13.6Holl GCS 25/31:183
πῶς γὰρ ἠδύνταο οὗτος, ἐπαγγειλάμενος ἔχειν τι τοῦ εὐαγγελίου καὶ τοῦ ἀποστόλου, μὴ οὐχὶ κἂν ὀλίγα τῆς γραφῆς σῴζειν ῥήματα;
pōs gar ēdyntao houtos, epangeilamenos echein ti tou euangeliou kai tou apostolou, mē ouchi kan oliga tēs graphēs sǭzein rhēmata?
For how could he, claiming to have something of the gospel and the apostle, fail to keep at least a few words of the scripture?
Notes and citation
Summary: Claiming to use the gospel, Marcion had to keep some of its words.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.13.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-13-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.13.7Holl GCS 25/31:183
ὅλου γὰρ τοῦ σώματος ζῶντος ὡςεἰπεῖν τῆς θείας γραφῆς, ποῖον ηὕρισκε μέλος νεκρὸν κατὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ γνώμην, ἵνα παρεισαγάγῃ ψ εῦδος κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας;
holou gar tou sōmatos zōntos hōseipein tēs theias graphēs, poion hēuriske melos nekron kata tēn autou gnōmēn, hina pareisagagę̄ ps eudos kata tēs alētheias?
For since the whole body of the divine Scripture, so to speak, is alive, what member did he find dead according to his opinion, so as to bring in falsehood against the truth?
Notes and citation
Summary: All of Scripture is alive; no part of it could serve Marcion's falsehood.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.13.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-13-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.13.8Holl GCS 25/31:183
ἀλλʼ ὡς εἰπεῖν ἐλώβησε καὶ ἀκρωτηριάσας παρέκοψε πολλὰ τῶν μελῶν, κατέσχεν δὲ ἔνιά τινα παρʼ ἑαυτῷ. καὶ αὐτὰ δὲ τὰ κατασχεθέντα ἔτι ζῶντα οὐ δύναται νεκροῦσθαι, ἀλλʼ ἔχει μὲν τὸ ζωτικὸν τῆς ἐμφάσεως, κἄν τε μυρίως παρʼ αὐτῷ κατὰ λεπτὸν ἀποτμηθείη.
allʼ hōs eipein elōbēse kai akrōtēriasas parekopse polla tōn melōn, kateschen de enia tina parʼ heautǭ. kai auta de ta kataschethenta eti zōnta ou dynatai nekrousthai, allʼ echei men to zōtikon tēs emphaseōs, kan te myriōs parʼ autǭ kata lepton apotmētheiē.
But he mutilated it, so to speak, and, maiming it, cut off many of the members, but kept some of them with himself. And the very members he kept, being still alive, cannot be killed, but keep the life of their meaning, even if he cut them up into countless small pieces.
Notes and citation
Summary: Even the parts Marcion kept remain alive and speak against him.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.13.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-13-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 42, chapter 14
42.14.1Holl GCS 25/31:183–184
14. Ἔτι δὲ μετὰ ταῦτα πάντα ἐπεμνήσθημεν ὡς τινὲς ἀπὸ τῶν αὐτῶν Μαρχιωνιστῶν, εἰς βυθὸν βλασφημίας παρπεπτωκότες καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ἑαυτῶν δαιμονιώδους διδασκαλίας ἐμβρόντητοι παντάπασι γεγονότες καὶ οὗ ἐδόκουν κυρίου μόνον κὰν διʼ ὀνόματος μνημόνεύειν καὶ αὐτοῦ ἀθυρογλώσσως ἑτέρως τὴν αὐτοῦ θεότητα ἀποστρέφοντες, τὸ ὅνομα τῆς ἄνωθεν γεννήσεως κακίζειν οὐκ ἐντρέπονται.
14. Eti de meta tauta panta epemnēsthēmen hōs tines apo tōn autōn Marchiōnistōn, eis bython blasphēmias parpeptōkotes kai apo tēs heautōn daimoniōdous didaskalias embrontētoi pantapasi gegonotes kai hou edokoun kyriou monon kan diʼ onomatos mnēmoneuein kai autou athyroglōssōs heterōs tēn autou theotēta apostrephontes, to honoma tēs anōthen gennēseōs kakizein ouk entrepontai.
Further, after all this, we have recalled that some of these same Marcionites, having fallen into a gulf of blasphemy and become utterly thunderstruck by their own demonic teaching, and, while they seemed to remember the Lord at least by name, perverting his Godhead with unbridled tongue in another way, are not ashamed to revile the name of his birth from above.
Notes and citation
Summary: Some Marcionites blaspheme the origin of the Lord himself.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.14.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:183–184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-14-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.14.2Holl GCS 25/31:184
τινὲν γὰρ αὐτῶν τετολμήκασιν, ὡς ἔφην, αὐτὸν τὸν κύριον εἶναι υἱὺν τοῦ πονηροῦ λέγειν οὐκ αἰσχυνόμενοι, ἄλλοι δὲ οὐχί, ἀλλὰ τοῦ κριτοῦ τε καὶ δημιουργοῦ.
tinen gar autōn tetolmēkasin, hōs ephēn, auton ton kyrion einai huiyn tou ponērou legein ouk aischynomenoi, alloi de ouchi, alla tou kritou te kai dēmiourgou.
For some of them have dared, as I said, to say without shame that the Lord himself is the son of the wicked one; others not so, but of the judge and craftsman.
Notes and citation
Summary: Some Marcionites call Christ the son of the evil one, others the son of the creator.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.14.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-14-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.14.3Holl GCS 25/31:184
εὐσπλαγχνότερον <δὲ> γεγονότα καὶ ἀγαθὸν ὅντα καταλεῖψαι μὲν τὸν ἴδιον αὐτοῦ πατέρα κάτω (πῆ μὲν λεγόντων τὸν δημιουργόν, ἄλλων δὲ τὸν πονηρόν), ἄνω δὲ ἀναδεδραμηκέναι πρὸς τὸνἐν ἐατονομάστοις τόποις ἀνθὸν θεὸν καὶ αὐτῷ προσκεκολλῆσθαι.
eusplanchnoteron <de> gegonota kai agathon honta kataleipsai men ton idion autou patera katō (pē men legontōn ton dēmiourgon, allōn de ton ponēron), anō de anadedramēkenai pros tonen eatonomastois topois anthon theon kai autǭ proskekollēsthai.
[They say that,] having become more compassionate and being good, he left his own father below (some saying this is the craftsman, others the wicked one), and ran up above to the good God in the unnameable places and attached himself to him.
Notes and citation
Summary: They say Christ abandoned his own father and joined the good God above.
- ἐατονομάστοις and ἀνθὸν in the digital text are read as ἀκατονομάστοις ('unnameable') and ἀγαθὸν ('good').
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.14.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-14-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.14.4Holl GCS 25/31:184
πεμφθέντα δὲ ὑπ᾿αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν κόσμον καὶ πρὸς ἀντιδικίαν τοῦ ἰδίου πατρὸς ἐλθόντα τὸν Χριστὸν [καὶ] καταλῦσαι αὐτοῦ τὸ πάντα ὅσα ὁ κατὰ φύσιν πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἐνομοθέτει, ἥτοι ὁ λαλήσας ἐν τῷ νόμῳ ἤτοι ὁ τῆς κακίας θεὸς ὁ παρ᾿αὐτῶν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ ἀρχῇ τὸν δημιουργὸν λέγων, ἄλλος δὲ τὸν πονηρόν.
pemphthenta de hyp᾿autou eis ton kosmon kai pros antidikian tou idiou patros elthonta ton Christon [kai] katalysai autou to panta hosa ho kata physin patēr autou enomothetei, hētoi ho lalēsas en tǭ nomǭ ētoi ho tēs kakias theos ho par᾿autōn en tę̄ tritę̄ archę̄ ton dēmiourgon legōn, allos de ton ponēron.
And that Christ, sent by him into the world and come to oppose his own father, [came] to destroy everything that his natural father had legislated, whether this is the one who spoke in the Law or the god of wickedness; one of them calling the craftsman the third principle, another the wicked one.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: In this view Christ came to undo the laws of his own natural father.
- The editor deletes καὶ before καταλῦσαι. The last clause is compressed in the Greek and translated by sense.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.14.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-14-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 42, chapter 15
42.15.1Holl GCS 25/31:184
15. Ταῦτα δὲ δῆλα παντί τῳ σύνεσιν κεκτημένῳ ὑπάρχει, ὅτι ἀκαθάρτου πνεύματός ἐστιν ἡ φρόνησις καὶ ἡ διδασκαλία καὶ οὔτε χρεία ἦν περὶ ταύτης τῆς ὑποθέσεως ἀπολογεῖσθαι ἢ ἔλεγχον παριστᾶν καταντικρὺ Μαρκίωνος τοῦ ἑαυτοῦ κατὰ πάντα τὴν ἐπιλησμονὴν τῆς ζωῆς ποιησαμένου.
15. Tauta de dēla panti tǭ synesin kektēmenǭ hyparchei, hoti akathartou pneumatos estin hē phronēsis kai hē didaskalia kai oute chreia ēn peri tautēs tēs hypotheseōs apologeisthai ē elenchon paristan katantikry Markiōnos tou heautou kata panta tēn epilēsmonēn tēs zōēs poiēsamenou.
It is plain to everyone who has understanding that this thinking and teaching belong to an unclean spirit, and there was no need to make a defence on this subject or to bring a refutation against Marcion, who has completely forgotten life.
Notes and citation
Summary: Such teaching is plainly from an unclean spirit.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.15.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-15-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.15.2Holl GCS 25/31:184
φωραθήσεται γὰρ παρὰ πᾶσι τοῖς συνετοῖς τὸ βλάσφημον αὐτοῦ κενοφώνημα καὶ τολμηρὸν τῆς ἀπωλείας ἐνέργημα.
phōrathēsetai gar para pasi tois synetois to blasphēmon autou kenophōnēma kai tolmēron tēs apōleias energēma.
For his blasphemous empty talk and his reckless working of destruction will be exposed by all the intelligent.
Notes and citation
Summary: Intelligent readers will see through this blasphemy.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.15.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-15-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.15.3Holl GCS 25/31:184
ἀλλʼ ἐπειδὴ εἰώθμαεν μὴ ἐᾶν ἀκανθῶν τόπον, ἀλλὰ ἐντέμνειν τῇ τοῦ θεοῦ μαχαίρᾳ, »τῇ ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν μάχαιραν διστομον <τομωτέρῳ> καὶ διικνουμένῃ ἄχοι μερισμῶν ψυχῆς καὶ πνεύματος, ἁρμῶν τε καὶ μυελῶν« κατὰ τὸ γεγραμμένον, ὀλίγα καὶ εἰς τοῦτο εἰπεῖν οὐκ ἀποκνήσομεν.
allʼ epeidē eiōthmaen mē ean akanthōn topon, alla entemnein tę̄ tou theou machairą, »tę̄ hyper pasan machairan distomon <tomōterǭ> kai diiknoumenę̄ achoi merismōn psychēs kai pneumatos, harmōn te kai myelōn« kata to gegrammenon, oliga kai eis touto eipein ouk apoknēsomen.
But since we are accustomed not to leave room for thorns, but to cut them down with the sword of God, “sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing to the division of soul and spirit, of joints and marrow,” as it is written, we shall not shrink from saying a few words on this too.
Heb 4:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius will nonetheless briefly refute this view with the sword of the word.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.15.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-15-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 42, chapter 16
42.16.1Holl GCS 25/31:184
16. Πρῶτον μὲν γὰρ ὅτι εἰ ἀγαθὸς ἐκ πονηροῦ γεγένηται, οὐκέτι τῶν ἀρχῶν σταθήσεται ὁ λόγος. δύναται γὰρ καὶ ὁ αὐτοῦ πατήρ, εἰ πονηρός ὐπάρχει (ὄπερ μὴ γένοιτο, ἀλλὰ ἀγαθός ἐστι), μεταβληθῆναι τὴν γνώμην, ὥσπερ ὁ ὑπ᾿αὐτοῦ γεγεννημένος μεταβέβληται.
16. Prōton men gar hoti ei agathos ek ponērou gegenētai, ouketi tōn archōn stathēsetai ho logos. dynatai gar kai ho autou patēr, ei ponēros yparchei (oper mē genoito, alla agathos esti), metablēthēnai tēn gnōmēn, hōsper ho hyp᾿autou gegennēmenos metabeblētai.
First, if a good one has come from a wicked one, the doctrine of principles will no longer stand. For his father too, if he is wicked (God forbid! he is good), can change his mind, just as the one begotten by him has changed.
Notes and citation
Summary: If a good son came from an evil father, the evil principle could also change.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.2Holl GCS 25/31:184–185
τὸ δὲ ἕτερον. εἰ ὅλως ἦλθεν ὁ μονογενὴς ἀνθρώπους σῶσαι καὶ λῃστὴν εἰσαγαγεῖν εἰς παράδεισον καὶ τελώνην καλέσαι ἀπὸ τελωνίου εἰς μετάνοιαν καὶ πόρνην ἀλείφουσαν αὐτοῦ τοὺς πόδας ἰάσασθαι ἀπὸ πορνείας, ἔτι δὲ καὶ <ἄλλαἄλλα>ἀγαθὰ πράττει, διότι ἀγαθὸς ὑπάρχει καὶ εὔσπλαγχνος καὶ ἐλεήμων,
to de heteron. ei holōs ēlthen ho monogenēs anthrōpous sōsai kai lę̄stēn eisagagein eis paradeison kai telōnēn kalesai apo telōniou eis metanoian kai pornēn aleiphousan autou tous podas iasasthai apo porneias, eti de kai <allaalla>agatha prattei, dioti agathos hyparchei kai eusplanchnos kai eleēmōn,
Second: if the Only-begotten came at all to save men, to bring a robber into paradise, to call a tax collector from the tax booth to repentance, to heal from her sexual immorality the prostitute who anointed his feet, and does other good things besides, because he is good, compassionate and merciful,
Luke 23:43 (allusion, high confidence) · Luke 5:27 (allusion, high confidence) · Luke 7:37 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ came to save sinners because he is good and merciful.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:184–185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.3Holl GCS 25/31:185
πολλῷ οὖν μᾶλλον ἔδει ἐπὶ τὸν ἴδιον αὐτοῦ πατέρα τὸν οἶκτον αὐτοῦ ἀναλαβεῖν καὶ αὐτὸν πρῶτον μεταθεῖναι εἰς τὸ σωτηριῶδες, ἵνα πρῶτον τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ μεταβαλὼν τελείως ἐνδείξηται τὴν τελείαν ἀγαθότητα, τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ οἰκτείρας, ὡς καὶ γέγραπται »ποιεῖν τὸ ἀγαθὸν πρῶτον εἰς τοὺς οἰκείους τῆς πίστεως«, πόσῳ γε μᾶλλον ἐλεᾶν τοὺς ἐαυτῶν πατέρας.
pollǭ oun mallon edei epi ton idion autou patera ton oikton autou analabein kai auton prōton metatheinai eis to sōtēriōdes, hina prōton ton patera autou metabalōn teleiōs endeixētai tēn teleian agathotēta, ton patera autou oikteiras, hōs kai gegraptai »poiein to agathon prōton eis tous oikeious tēs pisteōs«, posǭ ge mallon elean tous eautōn pateras.
then much more ought he to have shown his compassion to his own father and first brought him to salvation, so that by first changing his father he might fully show perfect goodness, having pitied his father; as it is written, “to do good first to those of the household of faith,” how much more to have mercy on one's own fathers.
Gal 6:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: A good son would first have converted his own father.
- Gal 6:10 is quoted freely.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.4Holl GCS 25/31:185
Τὸ δὲ ἕτερον ἔτι προστέρεικα τῇ φράσει καὶ τῷ ἐλέγχῳ τῷ πρὸς τὸν Μαρκίωνα, ὅτι εἰ μὲν τοῦ ἐνός ἐστιν υἱὸς καὶ πρὸς τὸν ἔτερον προσέφυγεν, οὐ πιστὸς παραδεχθήσεται παρὰ τῷ ἑτέρῳ.
To de heteron eti prostereika tę̄ phrasei kai tǭ elenchǭ tǭ pros ton Markiōna, hoti ei men tou enos estin huios kai pros ton eteron prosephygen, ou pistos paradechthēsetai para tǭ heterǭ.
I have added another point to the discussion and the refutation of Marcion: that if he is son of one and fled to the other, he will not be received as trustworthy by the other.
Notes and citation
Summary: A son who deserted one father would not be trusted by another.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.5Holl GCS 25/31:185
ὁ γὰρ συνείδησιν εἰς τὸν ἵδιον αὐτοῦ πατέρα μὴ φυλάξας οὐδὲ παρὰ τῷ ἑτέρῳ πιστευθήσεται ἀπὸ τῶν παρ᾿αὐτοῦ προαγόντως πεπραγμένων.
ho gar syneidēsin eis ton hidion autou patera mē phylaxas oude para tǭ heterǭ pisteuthēsetai apo tōn par᾿autou proagontōs pepragmenōn.
For he who did not keep faith with his own father will not be trusted by the other either, because of what he did before.
Notes and citation
Summary: Disloyalty to his own father would make him untrustworthy.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.6Holl GCS 25/31:185
ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀλλως πάλιν. ἆρά γε τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θεοῦ κατηγορήσει<ς> πάλιν, ὦ Μαρκίων, διʼ ἀπορίαν τοῦ πεμπομένου μὴ δυνηθέντος σῶσαι τοὺς παρ᾿αὐτοῦ σῳξομένους καὶ παρ᾿αὐτοῦ διὰ Χριστοῦ ἐλεηθέντας;
alla kai allōs palin. ara ge tou agathou theou katēgorēsei<s> palin, ō Markiōn, diʼ aporian tou pempomenou mē dynēthentos sōsai tous par᾿autou sǭxomenous kai par᾿autou dia Christou eleēthentas?
And again another way: will you accuse the good God again, Marcion, of lacking an envoy, so that he could not save those saved by him and shown mercy by him through Christ?
Notes and citation
Summary: Marcion's account implies the good God had no envoy of his own.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.7Holl GCS 25/31:185
εἰ μὴ γὰρ ἀπέφυγε κατὰ τὸν τοῦ Μαρκίωνος λόγον ὁ Χριστὸς πρὸς τὸν ἄνω θεόν, οὐκ ηύπόρει ὀ ἀγαθός θεός τινα ἀποστεῖλαι, εἰ μὴ ἐν προσκρούσει ὁ τοῦ Χριστοῦ πατήρ, ὡς ὁ Μαρκίων λέγει, πρὸς τὸν ἴδιον αὐτοῦ υἱὸν γεγένηται.
ei mē gar apephyge kata ton tou Markiōnos logon ho Christos pros ton anō theon, ouk ēuporei o agathos theos tina aposteilai, ei mē en proskrousei ho tou Christou patēr, hōs ho Markiōn legei, pros ton idion autou huion gegenētai.
For if, by Marcion's account, Christ had not fled to the God above, the good God would have had no one to send, unless Christ's father, as Marcion says, had fallen out with his own son.
Notes and citation
Summary: On Marcion's view the good God depended on a quarrel between Christ and his father.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.8Holl GCS 25/31:185
καὶ ἄλλως δέ· εἰ τοῦ δημιουργοῦ υἱός ἐστιν, ἀντίκειται δὲ τῇ δημιουργίᾳ καὶ τῷ τοῦ πατρὸς ἔργῳ, πρῶτον μὲν εἰς τὸν κόσμον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους [πρῶτον]εἶχεν ἐξολοθρεῦσαι, ἴνα ἀφανίσῃ τὸ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἰδίου πατρὸς δεδημιουργημένον, ὡς ἀντίδικος γενόμενος τῆς τοῦ πατρὸς διαθέσεως.
kai allōs de; ei tou dēmiourgou huios estin, antikeitai de tę̄ dēmiourgią kai tǭ tou patros ergǭ, prōton men eis ton kosmon tous anthrōpous [prōton]eichen exolothreusai, ina aphanisę̄ to apo tou idiou patros dedēmiourgēmenon, hōs antidikos genomenos tēs tou patros diatheseōs.
And another way: if he is the craftsman's son, but opposes the creation and his father's work, he ought first to have destroyed the people in the world, so as to abolish what his own father had made, having become an adversary of his father's arrangement.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: A son opposed to the creator's work would have destroyed the creation.
- The editor deletes the repeated πρῶτον ('first').
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.9Holl GCS 25/31:185
ἢ πάλιν λαβὼν δύναμιν ἱάσεως καὶ θεραπείας καὶ σωτηρίας ὥφειλεν ἐνδείξασθαι εἰς τὸν ἴδιον αὐτοῦ πατέρα πρὸ πάντων τὴν τῆς φιλανθρωπίας ἐργασίαν καὶ πρῶτον πεῖσαι τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ κατ᾿αὐτὸν γενέσθαι, ἵνα γενόμενος αὑτῷ τε καὶ τῷ αὐτοῦ πατρὶ ἀγαθὸς τῆς πρὸς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους σωτηρίας <αἰτία>ἡ μία καὶ ἡ αὐτὴ ἀγαθότης γένηται.
ē palin labōn dynamin hiaseōs kai therapeias kai sōtērias hōpheilen endeixasthai eis ton idion autou patera pro pantōn tēn tēs philanthrōpias ergasian kai prōton peisai ton patera autou kat᾿auton genesthai, hina genomenos hautǭ te kai tǭ autou patri agathos tēs pros tous anthrōpous sōtērias <aitia>hē mia kai hē autē agathotēs genētai.
Or again, having received power of healing, cure and salvation, he ought before all else to have shown the work of his love for mankind to his own father, and first persuaded his father to be like him, so that, having become good both to himself and to his father, one and the same goodness might become the [cause] of salvation for men.
Notes and citation
Summary: Or he should first have healed and converted his own father.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.10Holl GCS 25/31:185–186
ἀλλ᾿οὐχ οὕτως ἔχει ὡς ὁ τούτου κενοφωνούμενος μυθώδης λόγος *. οὔτε γὰρ τρεῖς ἀρχαὶ οὕτε ἄλλος πατὴρ Χριστοῦ οὐδὲ κακίας ἐστὶ γέννημα.
all᾿ouch houtōs echei hōs ho toutou kenophōnoumenos mythōdēs logos *. oute gar treis archai houte allos patēr Christou oude kakias esti gennēma.
But it is not as this man's empty, mythical account has it … For there are not three principles, nor is there another father of Christ, nor is he the offspring of wickedness.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: There are not three principles, and Christ has no other father.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy, Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:185–186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.11Holl GCS 25/31:186
μὴ γένοιτο. φησὶ γάρ »ἐγὼ ἐν τῷ πατρὶ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ ἐν ἐμοί«. καὶ εἰ μὲν νόθως λέγει πατέρα ἔχειν, οὐ δύναται αὐτοῦ ὁ νόθος πατὴρ καλούμενος ἐν αὐτῷ εἶναι οὐδὲ αὐτὸς ἐν τῷ πατρί.
mē genoito. phēsi gar »egō en tǭ patri kai ho patēr en emoi«. kai ei men nothōs legei patera echein, ou dynatai autou ho nothos patēr kaloumenos en autǭ einai oude autos en tǭ patri.
God forbid! For he says, “I am in the Father and the Father in me.” And if he says he has a father falsely, the one falsely called his father cannot be in him, nor he in the Father.
John 14:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's words 'I am in the Father' exclude a false father.
Topics: Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.12Holl GCS 25/31:186
ὁ δὲ κατὰ φύσιν αὐτοῦ πατέρα ἀεὶ ἀγαθὸν καὶ θεὸν ἀεὶ καὶ πάντων δημιουργόν, ἐν αὐτῷ δὲ ὅντα καὶ σὺν αὐτῷ ὑπάρχοντα διδάσκων καὶ ἀληθεύων, κατὰ τοῦ Μαρκίωνος τὴνἀπειλὴν διεξέρχεται λέγων »ὁ μὴ τιμῶν τὸν υἱὸν ὡς τιμᾷ τὸν πατέρα, ἡ ἀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπ᾿αὐτὸν μένει«.
ho de kata physin autou patera aei agathon kai theon aei kai pantōn dēmiourgon, en autǭ de honta kai syn autǭ hyparchonta didaskōn kai alētheuōn, kata tou Markiōnos tēnapeilēn diexerchetai legōn »ho mē timōn ton huion hōs timą ton patera, hē argē tou theou ep᾿auton menei«.
But teaching and speaking truly that his Father by nature is always good, and always God and craftsman of all, and that he is in him and exists with him, he utters the threat against Marcion: “He who does not honour the Son as he honours the Father, the wrath of God remains on him.”
John 5:23 (quotation, high confidence) · John 3:36 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ teaches that his true Father is the good Creator and warns those who dishonour the Son.
- The quotation combines John 5:23 and John 3:36; ἀργὴ in the digital text is read as ὀργὴ ('wrath').
Topics: Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.13Holl GCS 25/31:186
ἤδη δὲ ἐν πολλαῖς μαρτυρίαις ἐδείξαμεν τὸν ἕνα ὅντα θεόν, τὸν πατέρα τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦλ ἀγαρὸν ὅντα καὶ ἀγαθὸν γεννήσαντα, ἀγάπην ὅντα καὶ ἀγάπην γεννήσαντα, πηγὴν ὄντα ζωῆς καὶ ζωῆς πηγὴν γεννήσαντα (»παρὰ σοὶκ γὰρ πηγὴ ζωῆς« φησὶν ἡ γραφή), ἀλήθειαν ὅντα καὶ ἀλήθειαν γεννήσαντα, φῶς ὅντα καὶ φῶς γεννήσαντα, ζωὴν ὅντα καὶ ζωὴν γεννήσαντα ἀνάρχως καὶ ἀιδίως καὶ ἀχρόνως. καὶ ἐλήλεγκται κατὰ πάντα ἡ τοῦ Μαρκόωνος πλάνη.
ēdē de en pollais martyriais edeixamen ton hena honta theon, ton patera tou kyriou hēmōn Iēsou Christoul agaron honta kai agathon gennēsanta, agapēn honta kai agapēn gennēsanta, pēgēn onta zōēs kai zōēs pēgēn gennēsanta (»para soik gar pēgē zōēs« phēsin hē graphē), alētheian honta kai alētheian gennēsanta, phōs honta kai phōs gennēsanta, zōēn honta kai zōēn gennēsanta anarchōs kai aidiōs kai achronōs. kai elēlenktai kata panta hē tou Markoōnos planē.
We have already shown by many testimonies that God is one, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, being good and begetting good, being love and begetting love, being the fountain of life and begetting the fountain of life (“For with you is the fountain of life,” says Scripture), being truth and begetting truth, being light and begetting light, being life and begetting life, without beginning, eternally and timelessly. And Marcion's error has been refuted on every point.
Ps 36:9 (35:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The one God, the Father, eternally begets a Son who is good, love, life, truth and light like him.
- A Trinitarian statement of Epiphanius, translated as written.
Topics: Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.13 (Holl GCS 25/31:186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
42.16.14Holl GCS 25/31:186
Τούτων τοίνυν οὕτως ἐχόντων καὶ τῆς κατὰ τοῦ ἀπατεῶνος ἀνατροπῆς διὰ πολλῆς καὶ ἀληθινῆς συστάσεως ἐν θεῷ ἡμῖν κατειργασμένης πάλιν ἐπὶ τὰς ἐξῆς, ταύτης τῆς νυνὶ ὡς μεγάλης ἀσπίδος καταπατηθείσης διὰ τοῦ ἀψευδοῦς λόγου τοῦ σωτῆρος τοῦ εἰπόντος »δέδωκα ὑμῖν πατεῖν ἐπὶ ὅφεις καὶ σκορπίους καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ ἀντικειμένου«, ἵωμεν καὶ τὸς τῶν ἄλλων ματαιοφροσύνας διασκοπεῖν τε καὶ διελέγχειν ἐπιβαλώμεθα, θεὸν βοηθὸν ἐν ἄπασιν ἐπικαλούμενοι.
Toutōn toinyn houtōs echontōn kai tēs kata tou apateōnos anatropēs dia pollēs kai alēthinēs systaseōs en theǭ hēmin kateirgasmenēs palin epi tas exēs, tautēs tēs nyni hōs megalēs aspidos katapatētheisēs dia tou apseudous logou tou sōtēros tou eipontos »dedōka hymin patein epi hopheis kai skorpious kai epi pasan tēn dynamin tou antikeimenou«, hiōmen kai tos tōn allōn mataiophrosynas diaskopein te kai dielenchein epibalōmetha, theon boēthon en apasin epikaloumenoi.
Since this is so, and the overthrow of the deceiver has been accomplished by us in God through much true demonstration, let us go on again to the next ones, now that this sect has been trampled like a great asp through the truthful word of the Saviour who said, “I have given you authority to tread on serpents and scorpions and on all the power of the enemy”; and let us undertake to examine and refute the folly of the others, calling on God as our helper in everything.
Luke 10:19 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Having crushed Marcion's sect, Epiphanius moves on to the next.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 42.16.14 (Holl GCS 25/31:186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-42-16-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 43, chapter 1
43.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:186–187
Δουκιανός τις ἀρχαῖος, οὐχ ὁ νῦν ἐν χρόνοις Κωνσταντίνου γεγονὼς τοῦ γέροντος, ὃς δῆθεν οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ ἐν μάρτυσιν ἐπιψηφί- ζονται. ἦν γὰρ καὶ οὖτος ὁ Δουκιανός, ὁ π ρόσφατός φημι, προσανἐχων τῇ τῶν Ἀρειανῶν αἰρέσει, περὶ οὗ ὕστερον ἐν τῇ κατ᾿αὐτῶν ἀνατροπῇ λέζομεν. νῦν δὲ πρὸς τὸν προειρημένον ἀρχαῖον Δουκιανὸν ἀποτείνεται ὁ λόγος.
Doukianos tis archaios, ouch ho nyn en chronois Kōnstantinou gegonōs tou gerontos, hos dēthen hoi Areianoi en martysin epipsēphi- zontai. ēn gar kai outos ho Doukianos, ho p rosphatos phēmi, prosanechōn tę̄ tōn Areianōn airesei, peri hou hysteron en tę̄ kat᾿autōn anatropę̄ lezomen. nyn de pros ton proeirēmenon archaion Doukianon apoteinetai ho logos.
A certain Lucian of old, not the one who lived recently in the times of Constantine the elder, whom the Arians count among the martyrs. For this Lucian too, the recent one I mean, adhered to the sect of the Arians; I shall speak of him later in the refutation of them. But now the discussion is directed at the ancient Lucian mentioned above.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius distinguishes the ancient Lucian, a Marcionite, from the later Lucian claimed by the Arians.
- The digital text reads Δουκιανός throughout for Λουκιανός (Lucian); it is translated as Lucian. The later Lucian is Lucian of Antioch (d. 312).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:186–187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:187
οὖτος γὰρ συνεπόμενος τῷ προειρημένῳ Μαρκίωνι καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου ἀποσχίσας καὶ αὐτὸς ἄθροισμα ἑαυτῷ ποιησάμενος αἱρέσεως προέστη, ἀφ᾿οὖπερ οἱ Δουκιανισταὶ οἱ ἀρχαῖοι καλούμενοι.
outos gar synepomenos tǭ proeirēmenǭ Markiōni kai apo toutou aposchisas kai autos athroisma heautǭ poiēsamenos haireseōs proestē, aph᾿ouper hoi Doukianistai hoi archaioi kaloumenoi.
For this man, having followed the Marcion mentioned above and broken away from him, himself formed a following and became head of a sect; from him come those called the ancient Lucianists.
Notes and citation
Summary: Lucian broke from Marcion and founded his own sect.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:187
κατὰ πάντα μὲν οὖν κατὰ τὸν Μαρκίωνα δογματίζει, κέχρηται δὲ ὡς ὁ εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐλθὼν λόγος καὶ ἡ περὶ αὐτοῦ ἔμφασις *. ἀρχαίων γὰρ τούτων ὄντων καὶ θᾶττον κατασβεσθέντων δυσχερὴς γεγένηται ἡμῖν, ὡς ἀληθῶς ἔστιν εἰπεῖν, ἡ κατ᾿αὐτοὺς ἔρευνα. ἃ δὲ ἀπὸ μέρους ἔγνωμεν τῶν αὐτοῦ ἔστι τάδε.
kata panta men oun kata ton Markiōna dogmatizei, kechrētai de hōs ho eis hēmas elthōn logos kai hē peri autou emphasis *. archaiōn gar toutōn ontōn kai thatton katasbesthentōn dyscherēs gegenētai hēmin, hōs alēthōs estin eipein, hē kat᾿autous ereuna. ha de apo merous egnōmen tōn autou esti tade.
In everything he teaches like Marcion, and he uses, as the report that has reached us and the impression of him … For since these people are ancient and were quickly extinguished, the investigation of them has been difficult for us, to tell the truth. But what we have learned in part about him is as follows.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Little is known of Lucian, whose sect died out early.
- The edition marks a gap (*) after 'the impression of him'.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:187
μετὰ τὸ συστῆναι δῆθεν ἕτερον μὲν τὸν δημιουργὸν καὶ κριτὴν καὶ δίκαιον, ἕτερον δὲ τὸν ἀγαρὸν ὡσαύτως καὶ ἕτερον τὸν πονηρόν, βούλεται χρῆσθαι καὶ μαρτυρίαις τισὶ κατὰ τὸν Μαρκίωνα κατὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ ὑπόνοιαν ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν προφητῶν γραφπῆς, φημὶ δὲ τῷ »μάταιος ὁ δουλεύων κυρίῳ« καὶ τῷ εἰρημένῳ »ἀντέστησαν θεῷ καὶ ἐσώθησαν«.
meta to systēnai dēthen heteron men ton dēmiourgon kai kritēn kai dikaion, heteron de ton agaron hōsautōs kai heteron ton ponēron, bouletai chrēsthai kai martyriais tisi kata ton Markiōna kata tēn autou hyponoian apo tēs tōn prophētōn graphpēs, phēmi de tǭ »mataios ho douleuōn kyriǭ« kai tǭ eirēmenǭ »antestēsan theǭ kai esōthēsan«.
After supposedly establishing that the craftsman, judge and just one is one, the good one likewise another, and the wicked one another, he wishes, like Marcion, to use certain testimonies from the writings of the prophets in support of his notion, I mean “Vain is he who serves the Lord,” and the saying, “They resisted God and were saved.”
Mal 3:14 (quotation, high confidence) · Mal 3:15 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Lucian holds three principles and cites prophetic texts in his favour.
- Quotations: Mal 3:14 (freely) and Mal 3:15 (Septuagint form).
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:187
τέλεον δὲ οὗτος παρὰ τὴν τοῦ διδασκάλου αὐτοῦ διδασκαλίαν ἀπαρνεῖται τὸν γάμον καὶ ἁγνείαν ἀσκεῖ, οὑ διʼ ἁγνείαν ἀλλ᾿ἴνα ἀθετήσῃ τὰ ἔργα τοῦ δημιουργοῦ, διδάσκων μὴ συνάπτεσθαι γάμῳ – »ἀφ᾿οὗ γάμος, εὐθηνία« φησί »διὰ τῆς παιδοποιίας ἐν κόσμῳ τῷ δημιουργῷ γίνεται« – πρὸς ἀντίθεσιν τῆς τοῦ δημιουργοῦ καὶ κτιστοῦ διᾶ τῆς παιδοποιίας ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ εὐθηνίας.
teleon de houtos para tēn tou didaskalou autou didaskalian aparneitai ton gamon kai hagneian askei, hou diʼ hagneian all᾿ina athetēsę̄ ta erga tou dēmiourgou, didaskōn mē synaptesthai gamǭ – »aph᾿hou gamos, euthēnia« phēsi »dia tēs paidopoiias en kosmǭ tǭ dēmiourgǭ ginetai« – pros antithesin tēs tou dēmiourgou kai ktistou dia tēs paidopoiias en tǭ kosmǭ euthēnias.
But, going further than his teacher's teaching, he wholly rejects marriage and practises chastity, not for chastity's sake but to set aside the works of the craftsman, teaching not to join in marriage — “since from marriage,” he says, “comes prosperity for the craftsman in the world through the begetting of children” — in opposition to the prosperity of the craftsman and creator in the world through childbearing.
Notes and citation
Summary: Lucian rejects marriage so as not to increase the creator's world by childbearing.
- Epiphanius reports Lucian's view as that of an opponent; translated as written.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:187–188
φωραθή- σεται δὲ ὁ τοιοῦτος καὶ διελεγχθήσεται ἀπὸ μὲν τῆς ἤδη πρὸς τὸν αὐτοῦ ἐπιστάτην ἀντιθέσεως, διὰ πολλῶν ποιησαμένων ἡμῶν τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν ἀντιλογίαν τε καὶ ἀνατροπήν, ἐν ὁποίαις τε καὶ ὁπόσαις συνάδει τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῇ
phōrathē- setai de ho toioutos kai dielenchthēsetai apo men tēs ēdē pros ton autou epistatēn antitheseōs, dia pollōn poiēsamenōn hēmōn tēn pros auton antilogian te kai anatropēn, en hopoiais te kai hoposais synadei to euangelion tę̄
Such a man will be exposed and refuted by the answer already given to his master, since we have made our reply and refutation of him at length, showing in what and how many ways the gospel agrees with the
Notes and citation
Summary: Lucian is refuted by the same arguments used against Marcion.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:187–188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:188
παλαιᾷ διαθήκῃ, καὶ ὡς αὐτὸς ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν ὁμολογεῖ τὸ ποίημα τοῦ κόσμου εῖναι ἴδιον καὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ τοῦ πατρὸς εἶναι τὴν κτίσιν, ὥς γε μάλιστα συνελόντι φράσαι κορυφαιότατόν τι ῥῆμα παρὰ τῷ ἁγίῳ Ἰωάννῃ εἰρημένον, τό »ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λόγος, καὶ ὁ λόγος ἦν πρὸς τὸν θεόν, καὶ θεὸς ἦν ὁ λόγος. πάντα διʼ αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο, καὶ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο οὐδὲ ἓνὃ γέγονε« καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.
palaią diathēkę̄, kai hōs autos ho kyrios hēmōn homologei to poiēma tou kosmou einai idion kai autou, kai tou patros einai tēn ktisin, hōs ge malista synelonti phrasai koryphaiotaton ti rhēma para tǭ hagiǭ Iōannę̄ eirēmenon, to »en archę̄ ēn ho logos, kai ho logos ēn pros ton theon, kai theos ēn ho logos. panta diʼ autou egeneto, kai chōris autou egeneto oude heno gegone« kai ta hexēs.
old covenant, and how our Lord himself confesses that the making of the world is his own, and that the creation belongs to the Father; as, to put it most briefly, a supreme saying spoken in holy John: “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. All things came to be through him, and without him not one thing came to be that has come to be,” and so on.
John 1:1 (quotation, high confidence) · John 1:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: John 1:1–3 shows that the Word made all things.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 43, chapter 2
43.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:188
2. Ἀλλά γε ὁ τοιοῦτος εὐθὺς ἀνατραπήσεται. εἰ γὰρ καὶ βούλοιτο λέγειν ὅτι ἀντιθέσεως χάριν καὶ καθαιρέσεως τῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ δημιουργοῦ ἐνταῦθα γενομένων ἡ τοῦ γάμου αὐτῷ συνάφεια ἀθετεῖται, ἵνα μὴ τῷ δημιουργῷ συμπράζειεν, ὥστε ἀπέχεσθαι παντάπασι τοῦ ἔργου τοῦ δημιουργοῦ, πῶς οὑχὶ ἄλογος αὐτῷ ἡ ὑπόνοια καὶ φωρατὴ καὶ εὐθυέλεγκτος;
2. Alla ge ho toioutos euthys anatrapēsetai. ei gar kai bouloito legein hoti antitheseōs charin kai kathaireseōs tōn hypo tou dēmiourgou entautha genomenōn hē tou gamou autǭ synapheia atheteitai, hina mē tǭ dēmiourgǭ symprazeien, hōste apechesthai pantapasi tou ergou tou dēmiourgou, pōs houchi alogos autǭ hē hyponoia kai phōratē kai euthyelenktos?
But such a man will be overthrown at once. For if he wishes to say that marriage is rejected by him in order to oppose and pull down what the craftsman has made here, so as not to co-operate with the craftsman and thus to abstain altogether from the craftsman's work, how is his notion not irrational, easily detected and easily refuted?
Notes and citation
Summary: Rejecting marriage to avoid the creator's work is irrational.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:188
ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς κτίσεως καὶ τῆς τοῦ διημιουργοῦ δημιουργίας καὶ τῶν ἐδωδῶν καὶ τῶν ἀμφίων [καὶ] τὴν χρῆσιν πομάτων τε καὶ βρωμάτων΄μέτεισιν ὁ μόης κξαὶ ὀ ἀγύρτης καὶ ἄλλως οὑ δυνήσεται ἐκφυγεῖν καὶ μὴ οὐχὶ τούτοις χρῆσθαι.
idou gar apo tēs ktiseōs kai tēs tou diēmiourgou dēmiourgias kai tōn edōdōn kai tōn amphiōn [kai] tēn chrēsin pomatōn te kai brōmatōn΄meteisin ho moēs kxai o agyrtēs kai allōs hou dynēsetai ekphygein kai mē ouchi toutois chrēsthai.
For see, the fool and charlatan takes his share of the creation and of the craftsman's making, of foods and clothing, and the use of drinks and foods, and otherwise he will not be able to escape using them.
Notes and citation
Summary: Lucian cannot avoid using the creator's food and clothing.
- The digital text's μόης and κξαὶ are read as μωρὸς ('fool') and καὶ.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:188
θεὸς γὰρ ὁ πάντων δεσπότης καὶ δημιουργὸς πάντων ἐπιμελόμενος καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦς πονηροῦς κ αὶ ἀγαθοὺς ἀνατέλλει αὐτοῦ τὸν ἤλιον, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς αὐτὸν βλασφημοῦντας καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς αὐτὸν δοξάζοντας πέμπει αὐτοῦ τὸν ὑετὸν καὶ πάντας τρέφει,
theos gar ho pantōn despotēs kai dēmiourgos pantōn epimelomenos kai epi tous ponērous k ai agathous anatellei autou ton ēlion, kai epi tous auton blasphēmountas kai epi tous auton doxazontas pempei autou ton hyeton kai pantas trephei,
For God, the Master of all and craftsman who cares for all, makes his sun rise on the wicked and the good, and sends his rain on those who blaspheme him and on those who glorify him, and feeds all,
Matt 5:45 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God, the creator, provides for all, good and wicked alike.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:188
οὐκ ἀλόγῳ τινὶ καὶ ἀναισθήτῳ ὁρισμῷ, ἀλλὰ ἐκδικίᾳ τῇ παρ᾿αὐτοῦ ὁρισθείσῃ ἐν τῇ μελλούσῃ κρίσει μακροθυμων καὶ ὁρισμοῖς ἰδίοις καὶ σοφίᾳ, ἵν᾿οἱ μετανοήσαντες τῆς παρ᾿αὐτοῦ ἀμηνστίας τυχόντες τὸ σωτήριον | κτήσοιντο.
ouk alogǭ tini kai anaisthētǭ horismǭ, alla ekdikią tę̄ par᾿autou horistheisę̄ en tę̄ mellousę̄ krisei makrothymōn kai horismois idiois kai sophią, hin᾿hoi metanoēsantes tēs par᾿autou amēnstias tychontes to sōtērion | ktēsointo.
not by some irrational and senseless decree, but, with the vengeance he has appointed in the judgment to come, being patient with his own decrees and wisdom, so that those who repent, obtaining his amnesty, may gain salvation.
Notes and citation
Summary: God's patience now gives room for repentance before the judgment.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:188
εἰς δὲ ἐπιμένοιεν ταῖς αὐτῶν βλασφήμοις ὑπονοίαις καὶ ματαιοφροσύναις, ταῖς μὴ ἐκ θεοῦ αὐτοῖς δοθείσαις, τὸ τηνικαῦτα μετὰ τὴν ἐντε[θεν ἀπαλλαγήν, τοῦ αὐτεξουσίου μηκέτι αὐτοῖς συμπαραμένοντος, * ἀλλὰ οὔτε διὰ θυμὸν αὐτοῖς τὴν τότε ἐσομένην κρίσιν οὔτε ὡς ἐν ὁργῇ ἐπιφέρων τὰ ἐσόμενα*, —
eis de epimenoien tais autōn blasphēmois hyponoiais kai mataiophrosynais, tais mē ek theou autois dotheisais, to tēnikauta meta tēn ente[then apallagēn, tou autexousiou mēketi autois symparamenontos, * alla oute dia thymon autois tēn tote esomenēn krisin oute hōs en horgę̄ epipherōn ta esomena*, —
But if they persist in their blasphemous notions and follies, which were not given them by God, then after their departure from here, when free will no longer remains with them, … yet he brings the judgment that will then come upon them neither in anger nor, as in wrath, what will come …, —
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Those who persist in error face judgment after death, though God does not judge in anger.
- The edition marks two gaps (*) in this sentence; it is translated by sense.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:188–189
ὅλα γὰρ προεθέσπισεδιὰ | τὴν οὑκ εἴσω παθῶν περιεχομένην αὐτοῦ θεότητα —, ἀλλὰ διʼ ἣν ἕκαστος τῶν * ἐπὶ βλάβῃ ἑαυτοῦ τι ἐργαζόμενος ἑαυτῷ παραίτιος γεγένηται *, τοῦ θεοῦ ἀναιτίου ὄντος τῆς καθʼ ἡμᾶς παρεκτροπῆς τε καὶ τῆς ἐκ ταύτης καθʼ ἡμῶν μελλούσης ἔσεσθαι καταδίκης.
hola gar proethespisedia | tēn houk eisō pathōn periechomenēn autou theotēta —, alla diʼ hēn hekastos tōn * epi blabę̄ heautou ti ergazomenos heautǭ paraitios gegenētai *, tou theou anaitiou ontos tēs kathʼ hēmas parektropēs te kai tēs ek tautēs kathʼ hēmōn mellousēs esesthai katadikēs.
for he foretold everything, because his Godhead is not held within passions —, but because each of those … who does something to his own harm has become the cause of it for himself …, God being without blame for our going astray and for the condemnation that will come upon us from it.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Each person causes his own condemnation; God is not to blame.
- The edition marks gaps (*) in this sentence.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:188–189; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.2.7Holl GCS 25/31:189
Ἐν ἅπασιν οὖν καὶ οὗτος φωραθήσεται, ταῖς πρότερον καὶ μετέπειτα ἐγκαταμιχθεὶς αἱρέσεσιν, ἐκ τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ »τῶν τῆς ἀπωλείας τέκνων« ὑπάρχων, δηλούσης τῆς ἀληθείς καὶ τοῦ φωτὸς τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, φωτεινῶς τὴν πᾶσαν οἰκουμένην καταυγάζοντος καὶ σῴζοντος τοὺς υἱοὺς τῆς ἀληθινῆς πίστεως ἐν ἀληθείᾳ.
En hapasin oun kai houtos phōrathēsetai, tais proteron kai metepeita enkatamichtheis hairesesin, ek tou arithmou »tōn tēs apōleias teknōn« hyparchōn, dēlousēs tēs alētheis kai tou phōtos tou euangeliou, phōteinōs tēn pasan oikoumenēn kataugazontos kai sǭzontos tous huious tēs alēthinēs pisteōs en alētheią.
In everything, then, this man too will be exposed, mingled with the sects before and after him, being of the number of “the children of perdition,” as the truth and the light of the gospel make plain, shining brightly on the whole world and saving the sons of the true faith in truth.
John 17:12 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Lucian is exposed as one of the 'children of perdition'.
- 'Children of perdition' echoes John 17:12 and 2 Thess 2:3 ('son of perdition').
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.2.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:189; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
43.2.8Holl GCS 25/31:189
ὡς οὖν ἐκ συντόμου † σκοποῦ ὄφιν παρακύψαντα διὰ μικροῦ τινος σκεύους ἀνελόντες θανατωθεῖσάν <τε> ταύτην καταλελοιπότες ἐπὶ τὰς ἑξῆς ἴωμεν κατὰ τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν, τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ συμπαραλαβόντες βοήθειαν εἰς τὸ παραστῆσαι τὴν αὐτοῦ ἀλήθειαν.
hōs oun ek syntomou † skopou ophin parakypsanta dia mikrou tinos skeuous anelontes thanatōtheisan <te> tautēn kataleloipotes epi tas hexēs iōmen kata tēn epangelian, tēn tou theou symparalabontes boētheian eis to parastēsai tēn autou alētheian.
So, having briefly … killed with a small implement a snake that peered out, and having left it dead, let us go on to the next, according to our promise, taking God's help with us to set forth his truth.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Having dispatched Lucian briefly, Epiphanius moves on.
- The edition marks a corrupt word (†) before σκοποῦ.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 43.2.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:189; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-43-2-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 44, chapter 1
44.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:189
1. Τοῦτον τὸν προειρημένον Λουκιανὸν διαδέχεται Ἀπελλῆς, οὐχ ὁ ἅγιος ἐκεῖνος ὁ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου ἀποστόλου συνιστώμενος, ἀλλʼ ἕτερος ἐξ οὗπερ Ἀπελληϊανοί, ὢν καὶ αὐτὸς συσχολαστὴς αὐτοῦ Λουκιανοῦ καὶ μαθητὴς τοῦ προειρημένου Μαρκίωνος, ὡς ἐκ μιᾶς ῥίζης πολλῶν ἀκανθῶν ὑλομανήσασαι παραφυάδες.
1. Touton ton proeirēmenon Loukianon diadechetai Apellēs, ouch ho hagios ekeinos ho hypo tou hagiou apostolou synistōmenos, allʼ heteros ex houper Apellēïanoi, ōn kai autos syscholastēs autou Loukianou kai mathētēs tou proeirēmenou Markiōnos, hōs ek mias rhizēs pollōn akanthōn hylomanēsasai paraphyades.
This Lucian was succeeded by Apelles — not that holy Apelles commended by the holy apostle, but another, from whom come the Apelleans. He too was a fellow student of this Lucian and a disciple of the Marcion mentioned above, like shoots of many thorns running wild from one root.
Rom 16:10 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles, a disciple of Marcion and fellow student of Lucian, founded the Apelleans.
- The holy Apelles is the one greeted in Rom 16:10.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:189; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:189–190
ἕτερα δὲ οὗτος παρὰ τοῦς ἄλλους βούλεται δογματίζειν καὶ κατὰ μὲν τοῦ ἑαυτοῦ διδασκάλου ὁπλιςάμενος ἑαυτὸν καὶ κατὰ τῆς ἀληθεῖας, εἰς τὸ συναγείρειν ἑαυτῷ καὶ αὐτὸς σχολὴν πεπλανημένων ἀνθρώπων, τὰ τοιαῦτα βούλεται δογματίζειν, φάσκων μὲν ὅτι οὐχ
hetera de houtos para tous allous bouletai dogmatizein kai kata men tou heautou didaskalou hoplisamenos heauton kai kata tēs alētheias, eis to synageirein heautǭ kai autos scholēn peplanēmenōn anthrōpōn, ta toiauta bouletai dogmatizein, phaskōn men hoti ouch
He wishes to teach things different from the others, arming himself both against his own teacher and against the truth, so as to gather for himself too a school of people led astray. He wishes to teach such things, saying that it was not
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles departed from Marcion to found his own school.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:189–190; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:190
οὕτως, φηςί, γεγένηται, ἀλλὰ πεπλάνηται Μαρκίων, ἵνα πανταχόθεν ἑαυτῆν ἐλέγχουςά τε ἡ ἄνοια καὶ ἡ ἀνομία ἐν ἑαυτῇ συντριβομένη φανήσεται καὶ καθʼ ἑαυτῆς τὴν ἀνατροπὴν ἐπεγείρουσα, τῆς ἀληθίας ἀεὶ ἑδραίας οὔσης καὶ μὴ χρείαν ἐχούσης βοηθείας, ἀλλὰ αὐτοσυστάτου οὔσης καὶ παρὰ θεῷ τῷ ὄντως <ὄντι> ἀεὶ συνιστωμένης.
houtōs, phēsi, gegenētai, alla peplanētai Markiōn, hina pantachothen heautēn elenchousa te hē anoia kai hē anomia en heautę̄ syntribomenē phanēsetai kai kathʼ heautēs tēn anatropēn epegeirousa, tēs alēthias aei hedraias ousēs kai mē chreian echousēs boētheias, alla autosystatou ousēs kai para theǭ tǭ ontōs <onti> aei synistōmenēs.
so, he says, but Marcion is mistaken; so that folly, refuting itself on every side, and lawlessness, crushed within itself and raising up its own overthrow against itself, may be seen, while the truth is always firm and needs no help, but stands by itself and is always upheld by God who truly [is].
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles says Marcion was mistaken; error refutes itself while truth stands firm.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:190; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:190–191
φάσκει γοῦν οὗτος ὁ προειρημένος Ἀπελλῆς καὶ οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶ τρεὶς ἀρχαὶ οὔτε δύο, ὡς τοῖς περὶ Λουκιανὸν καὶ Μαρκίωνα ἔδοξεν, ἀλλά, φηςίν, εἷς ἐστιν ἀγαθὸς θεὸς καὶ μία ἀρχὴ καὶ μία δύναμις ἀκατονόμαστος· ᾧ ἑνὶ θεῷ ἤγουν μιᾷ ἀρχῇ οὐδὲν μεμέ- ληται τῶν ἐνταῦθα ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ τού τῳ γεγενημένων,
phaskei goun houtos ho proeirēmenos Apellēs kai hoi apʼ autou hoti ouk eisi treis archai oute dyo, hōs tois peri Loukianon kai Markiōna edoxen, alla, phēsin, heis estin agathos theos kai mia archē kai mia dynamis akatonomastos; hǭ heni theǭ ēgoun mią archę̄ ouden meme- lētai tōn entautha en tǭ kosmǭ tou tǭ gegenēmenōn,
This Apelles and his followers say that there are not three principles, nor two, as Lucian and Marcion thought, but, he says, there is one good God, and one principle, and one unnameable power; and this one God, or one principle, cares nothing for what has come to be here in this world;
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles teaches one good God who does not care for this world.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:190–191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:191
ἀλλὰ ὁ αὐτὸς ἅγιος ἄνωθεν θεὸς καὶ ἀγαθὸς ἐποίησεν ἕνα ἄλλον θεόν· ὁ δὲ γενόμενος ἄλλος θεὸς ἔκτισε τὰ πάντα, οὐρανὸν καὶ γῆν καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ.
alla ho autos hagios anōthen theos kai agathos epoiēsen hena allon theon; ho de genomenos allos theos ektise ta panta, ouranon kai gēn kai panta ta en tǭ kosmǭ.
but this same holy and good God above made one other God; and this other God who came to be created all things, heaven and earth and everything in the world.
Notes and citation
Summary: The good God made another god, who created the world.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:191
ἐπέβη δὲ οὐκ ἀγαθὸς καὶ τὰ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ γενόμενα, φηςίν, οὐκ ἀγαθῶς εἰργσαμένα, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ φαύλην διάνοιαν τὰ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ * ἔκτισται.
epebē de ouk agathos kai ta hypʼ autou genomena, phēsin, ouk agathōs eirgsamena, alla kata tēn autou phaulēn dianoian ta hypʼ autou * ektistai.
But he turned out not good, he says, and the things that came to be through him were not made well, but … were created by him according to his own bad intention.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: The world's maker proved bad and made the world badly.
- The edition marks a gap (*). ἐπέβη is read as ἀπέβη ('turned out').
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:191
Τίς δὲ ἀνέξεται τῶν τοιούτων λόγων καὶ οὐ μᾶλλον καταγελάσειε τῆς τοιαύτης ματαιοπονίας; κατὰ γὰρ δύο τρόπους εὑπερήσεται οὐχ ἁρμοδίως πράττων, χρώμενος τῇ τοιαύτῃ ὑπονόᾳ.
Tis de anexetai tōn toioutōn logōn kai ou mallon katagelaseie tēs toiautēs mataioponias? kata gar dyo tropous heuperēsetai ouch harmodiōs prattōn, chrōmenos tę̄ toiautę̄ hyponoą.
Who will put up with such words, and not rather laugh at such futile labour? For he will be found acting unfittingly in two ways by using such a notion.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles' teaching is absurd and fails in two ways.
- εὑπερήσεται is taken as εὑρεθήσεται ('will be found').
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.1.8Holl GCS 25/31:191
καὶ διὰ τοῦτο πρὸς αὐτὸν ὡς πρὸς παρόντα ἐρῶ· λέγε μοι, ὦ οὗτος. δώσεις γάρ, ὦ Ἀπελλῆ, ἢ τὸν θεὸν ἄγνωστον τῶν μελλόντων πεποιηκότα θεὸν ὃν φάσκεις τὰ ποιήματα κακῶς δεδημιουργηκέναι, ἢ προγινώσκοντα μὲν ὅτι τοιοῦτος ὁ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ κτιζόμενος θεὸς ἀποβήσεται, τούτου χάριν αὐτὸν πεποιηκέναι, ἵνα μὴ αἴτιος γένηται τῶν κακῶς ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ δεδημιουργημένων.
kai dia touto pros auton hōs pros paronta erō; lege moi, ō houtos. dōseis gar, ō Apellē, ē ton theon agnōston tōn mellontōn pepoiēkota theon hon phaskeis ta poiēmata kakōs dedēmiourgēkenai, ē proginōskonta men hoti toioutos ho hypʼ autou ktizomenos theos apobēsetai, toutou charin auton pepoiēkenai, hina mē aitios genētai tōn kakōs hypʼ autou dedēmiourgēmenōn.
And so I shall speak to him as though he were present: tell me, sir. For you will grant, Apelles, either that God made the god who, you say, made his works badly, without knowing what was to come; or that, knowing beforehand that the god he was creating would turn out so, he made him for this very purpose, so that he himself might not be the cause of what was badly made by him.
Notes and citation
Summary: Either the good God did not foresee the maker's badness, or he made him deliberately.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.1.9Holl GCS 25/31:191
καὶ ἔσται ἐξ ἅπαντος ὁ ἄνω θεὸς αὐτὸς δημιουργός, ποιήσας τὸν ἕνα τὸν τὰ πάντα πεποιηκότα, καὶ ἔσται οὐκέτι αἴτιος ὁ τὰς κτίσεις πεποιηκώς, ἀλλὰ ὁ ἄνω θεὸς ὁ τὸν κτιστὴν ποιήσας καὶ ὢν αὐτὸς τῶν πάντων δημιουργός.
kai estai ex hapantos ho anō theos autos dēmiourgos, poiēsas ton hena ton ta panta pepoiēkota, kai estai ouketi aitios ho tas ktiseis pepoiēkōs, alla ho anō theos ho ton ktistēn poiēsas kai ōn autos tōn pantōn dēmiourgos.
And in every way the God above will himself be the craftsman, having made the one who made all things; and the one who made the creatures will no longer be the cause, but the God above, who made the creator and is himself the craftsman of all.
Notes and citation
Summary: Either way, the God above becomes responsible for creation.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.1.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-1-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 44, chapter 2
44.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:191
Χριστὸν δὲ ἥκειν φηςὶν ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων τῶν καιρῶν, υἱὸν ὄντα τοῦ ἄνω ἀγαθοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ τὸ ἅγιον αὐτοῦ πνεῦμα ὡσαύτως ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ τῶν εἰς γνῶσιν αὐτοῦ ἐρχομένων,
Christon de hēkein phēsin epʼ eschatōn tōn kairōn, huion onta tou anō agathou theou, kai to hagion autou pneuma hōsautōs epi sōtērią tōn eis gnōsin autou erchomenōn,
He says that Christ came in the last times, being Son of the good God above, and likewise his Holy Spirit, for the salvation of those who come to the knowledge of him;
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles teaches that Christ, Son of the good God, came to save those who know him.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:191–192
καὶ ἐλθόντα οὐ δοκήσει πεφηνέναι, ἀλλὰ ἐν ἀληθείᾳ σάρκα εἰληφέναι, οὐκ ἀπὸ Μαρίας τῆς παρθένου, ἀλλὰ ἀληθινὴν μὲν ἐσχηκέναι τὴν σάρκα καὶ σῶμα, οὔτε <δὲ> ἀπὸ σπέρματος ἀνδρὸς οὔτε ἀπὸ γυναικὸς παρθένου.
kai elthonta ou dokēsei pephēnenai, alla en alētheią sarka eilēphenai, ouk apo Marias tēs parthenou, alla alēthinēn men eschēkenai tēn sarka kai sōma, oute <de> apo spermatos andros oute apo gynaikos parthenou.
and that when he came he did not appear in semblance, but truly took flesh, not from Mary the virgin: he had real flesh and a body, but neither from the seed of a man nor from a virgin woman.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles says Christ had real flesh, but not from Mary.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:191–192; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:192
ἀλλὰ ἔσχεν μὲν σάρκα ἀληθινήν, τούτῳ <δὲ> τῷ τρότπῳ· καί, φηςίν, ἐν τῷ ἔρχεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ἀπουρανίων ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν γῆν καὶ συνήγαγεν ἑαυτῷ ἀπὸ τῶν τεσςάρων στοιχείων σῶμα.
alla eschen men sarka alēthinēn, toutǭ <de> tǭ trotpǭ; kai, phēsin, en tǭ erchesthai apo tōn apouraniōn ēlthen eis tēn gēn kai synēgagen heautǭ apo tōn tessarōn stoicheiōn sōma.
He had real flesh, but in this way: as he was coming from the heavenly regions, he says, he came to earth and gathered for himself a body from the four elements.
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's body was gathered from the four elements as he descended.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:192; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:192
καὶ πῶς καὶ οὗτος οὐκ ἐπείγεται εἰς τὸ φωραθῆναι αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀνομίαν ἀκολουθοῦσαν ταῖς τῶν παλαιῶν Ἑλλήνων ποιητῶν περὶ τῆς κενοφωνίας ταύτης δόξαις; φάσκει γὰρ καὶ οὗτος, ὡς ἐκεῖνοι καὶ ἔτι ψυχροτέρως παρʼ ἐκείνους λέγων, τὸν σωτῆρα ἑαυτῷ ὑποστήσασθαι τὸ σῶμα.
kai pōs kai houtos ouk epeigetai eis to phōrathēnai autou tēn anomian akolouthousan tais tōn palaiōn Hellēnōn poiētōn peri tēs kenophōnias tautēs doxais? phaskei gar kai houtos, hōs ekeinoi kai eti psychroterōs parʼ ekeinous legōn, ton sōtēra heautǭ hypostēsasthai to sōma.
And how does this man too not hasten to have his lawlessness exposed, following the opinions of the ancient Greek poets about this empty talk? For he too says, like them and even more feebly than they, that the Saviour formed a body for himself.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius links Apelles' view to Greek poetic ideas.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:192; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:192
ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ ξηροῦ τὸ ξηρὸν καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ θερμοῦ τὸ θερμὸν καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὑγροῦ τὸ ὑγρὸν καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ψυχροῦ τὸ ψυχρὸν ßκαὶ οὕτως πλάσας ἑαυτῷ σῶμα ἀληθινῶς πέφηνεν ἐν κόσμῳ καὶ ἐδίδαξεν ἡμᾶς τὴν ἄνω γνῶσιν,
apo gar tou xērou to xēron kai apo tou thermou to thermon kai apo tou hygrou to hygron kai apo tou psychrou to psychron ßkai houtōs plasas heautǭ sōma alēthinōs pephēnen en kosmǭ kai edidaxen hēmas tēn anō gnōsin,
[He took] dry from the dry, hot from the hot, moist from the moist, and cold from the cold; and so, having formed a body for himself, he truly appeared in the world and taught us the knowledge from above,
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles' Christ formed his body from the four elemental qualities.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:192; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:192–193
καταφρονεῖν τε τοῦ δηιουργοῦ καὶ ἀρνεῖσθαι αὐτοῦ τὰ ἔργα, ὑποδείξας ἡμῖν ἐν ποίᾳ γραφῇ ποῖά ἐστι τὰ ψύσει ἐξ αὐτοῦ εἰρημένα καὶ ποῖά ἐστι τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ δημιουργοῦ. »οὕτως γάρ, φηςίν, ἔφη ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ, γίνεσθε δόκιμοι τραπεζῖται· χρῶμαι γάρ, φηςίν, ἀπὸ πάσης γραφῆς ἀναλέγων τὰ χρήσιμα«.
kataphronein te tou dēiourgou kai arneisthai autou ta erga, hypodeixas hēmin en poią graphę̄ poia esti ta psysei ex autou eirēmena kai poia esti ta apo tou dēmiourgou. »houtōs gar, phēsin, ephē en tǭ euangeliǭ, ginesthe dokimoi trapezitai; chrōmai gar, phēsin, apo pasēs graphēs analegōn ta chrēsima«.
and to despise the craftsman and deny his works, showing us in which scripture which things were really spoken by him and which are from the craftsman. “For so,” he says, “he said in the gospel, ‘Be approved money-changers’; for I use,” he says, “what is useful, selecting it from every scripture.”
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles cites the saying 'Be approved money-changers' to justify selecting from Scripture.
- 'Be approved money-changers' is a saying ascribed to Jesus in several early writers but not found in the canonical Gospels (an agraphon).
Extrabiblical texts: Agraphon approved money-changers (Sayings of Jesus outside the Gospels (agrapha); quotation)
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:192–193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.2.7Holl GCS 25/31:193
εἶτα, φηςίν, ἔδωκεν ὁ Χριστὸς ἑαυτὸν παθεῖν ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ σώματι καὶ ἐσταυρώθη ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ ἐτάφη ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ ἀνέστη ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ ἔδειξεν αὐτὴν τὴν σάρκα τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ μαθηταῖς.
eita, phēsin, edōken ho Christos heauton pathein en autǭ tǭ sōmati kai estaurōthē en alētheią kai etaphē en alētheią kai anestē en alētheią kai edeixen autēn tēn sarka tois heautou mathētais.
Then, he says, Christ gave himself to suffer in that very body, and was truly crucified, truly buried, truly rose, and showed that very flesh to his disciples.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles holds that Christ truly suffered, died and rose in that body.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.2.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.2.8Holl GCS 25/31:193
καὶ ἀναλύσας, φηςίν, αὐτὴν τὴν ἐνανθρώπησιν ἑαυτοῦ ἀπεμέρισε πάλιν ἑκάστῳ τῶν στοιχείων τὸ ἴδιον ἀποδούς, τὸ θερμὸν τῷ θερμῷ, τὸ ψυχρὸν τῷ ψυχρῷ, τὸ ξηρὸν τῷ ξηρῷ, τὸ ὑγρὸν τῷ ὑγρῷ· καὶ οὕτως διαλύσας ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ πάλιν τὸ ἔνσαρκον σῶμα ἀνέπτη εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν ὅθεν καὶ ἧκε.
kai analysas, phēsin, autēn tēn enanthrōpēsin heautou apemerise palin hekastǭ tōn stoicheiōn to idion apodous, to thermon tǭ thermǭ, to psychron tǭ psychrǭ, to xēron tǭ xērǭ, to hygron tǭ hygrǭ; kai houtōs dialysas apʼ autou palin to ensarkon sōma aneptē eis ton ouranon hothen kai hēke.
And, he says, having dissolved his incarnation he distributed it again, giving back to each of the elements its own, the hot to the hot, the cold to the cold, the dry to the dry, the moist to the moist; and having thus dissolved the fleshly body from himself, he flew up to heaven, from where he had come.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles says Christ returned his body to the elements before ascending.
Topics: Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.2.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-2-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 44, chapter 3
44.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:193
3. Καὶ ὧ πολλῆς δραματουργίας τῶν τὰ τοιαῦτα λεγόντων, ὡς παντί τῳ σαφὲς εἴη μίμων μᾶλλον ἐργαστήριον ἤπερ ἐπαγγελίας ζωῆς ἢ συνέσεως χαρακτῆρα κεκτημένων.
3. Kai hō pollēs dramatourgias tōn ta toiauta legontōn, hōs panti tǭ saphes eiē mimōn mallon ergastērion ēper epangelias zōēs ē syneseōs charaktēra kektēmenōn.
O the great play-acting of those who say such things! It is plain to everyone that they have the character of a workshop of mimes rather than of a promise of life or of understanding.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius mocks Apelles' account as theatre.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:193
εἰ γὰρ ὄλως ἔλυεν αὐτὸ τὸ σῶμα ὅπερ εἴληφε, τίνι τῷ λόγῳ ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς αὐτὸ ἑαυτῷ κατεσκεύαζεν;
ei gar olōs elyen auto to sōma hoper eilēphe, tini tǭ logǭ apʼ archēs auto heautǭ kateskeuazen?
For if he dissolved altogether the very body he took, for what reason did he fashion it for himself in the first place?
Notes and citation
Summary: Why make a body only to dissolve it?
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:193
εἰ δὲ κατεσκεύαζε διά τινα χρῆσιν, ἀπετέλεσε δὲ τὸ ἔργον τῆς χρήσεως, ἔδει καταλεῖψαι αὐτὸ ἐν τῇ γῇ, μάλιστα καθʼ ὑμᾶς <τοῦ> τῆς κατὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν τῆς σαρκὸς ἐλπίδος εἴδους μὴ χρείαν ἔχοντος τελειωθῆναι.
ei de kateskeuaze dia tina chrēsin, apetelese de to ergon tēs chrēseōs, edei kataleipsai auto en tę̄ gę̄, malista kathʼ hymas <tou> tēs kata tēn anastasin tēs sarkos elpidos eidous mē chreian echontos teleiōthēnai.
And if he fashioned it for some use and completed the work of that use, he ought to have left it on earth, especially since, according to you, the hope of the resurrection of the flesh has no need to be fulfilled.
Notes and citation
Summary: If the body was only for temporary use, it should have been left on earth.
Topics: Christology, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:193–194
ἀλλὰ ἀνέστησεν αὐτὸ πάλιν, ἵνα εἰς κάματον ἑαυτὸν μείζονα ἐμβάλοι, ἵνα μηδὲν ὠφελήσῃ, κατασκευάζων καὶ ἐν μνήματι ἀποτιθέμενος καὶ διαλύων καὶ μερίζων ἑκάστῳ τῶν στοιχείων ὅπερ παρʼ αὐτοῦ εἴληφεν, ὡς εὐγνώμων χρεωφειλέτης.
alla anestēsen auto palin, hina eis kamaton heauton meizona embaloi, hina mēden ōphelēsę̄, kataskeuazōn kai en mnēmati apotithemenos kai dialyōn kai merizōn hekastǭ tōn stoicheiōn hoper parʼ autou eilēphen, hōs eugnōmōn chreōpheiletēs.
But he raised it again, so as to throw himself into greater labour, only to accomplish nothing, fashioning it, laying it in a tomb, dissolving it and distributing to each of the elements what he had received from it, like a grateful debtor.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles makes Christ's resurrection pointless labour.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:193–194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:194
καὶ εἰ ὅλως ἑκάστῳ <τὸ ἴδιον> ἀπεδίδου, τούτέστιν τὸ ψυχρὸν τῷ ψυχρῷ καὶ τὸ θερμὸν τῷ θερμῷ, ἠδύνατο ταῦτα μὴ ὁρᾶσθαι τοῖς μαθηταὶς τοῖς αὐτοῦ, ἀλλʼ οὐ μὴν τὸ σῶμα τὸ ξηρόν. πάντως γὰρ τὸ ξηρὸν σῶμά ἐστι, σὰρξ καὶ ὀστέα, καὶ τὸ ὑγρὸν πάντως ἐχῶρές εἰσι καὶ σὰρξ εἰς ὐγρότητα διαλυομένη· ἅτινα πάντως τοῖς ἀποστόλοις φανερώτατα ἀποτιθέμενος ἐσήμανεν,
kai ei holōs hekastǭ <to idion> apedidou, toutestin to psychron tǭ psychrǭ kai to thermon tǭ thermǭ, ēdynato tauta mē horasthai tois mathētais tois autou, allʼ ou mēn to sōma to xēron. pantōs gar to xēron sōma esti, sarx kai ostea, kai to hygron pantōs echōres eisi kai sarx eis ygrotēta dialyomenē; hatina pantōs tois apostolois phanerōtata apotithemenos esēmanen,
And if he gave back [its own] to each, that is, the cold to the cold and the hot to the hot, these could have been unseen by his disciples, but not the dry body. For the dry is certainly body, flesh and bones, and the moist is certainly serum and flesh dissolved into moisture; and if he had laid these down, he would have made it most plainly known to the apostles,
Notes and citation
Summary: The body's solid remains would have been visible to the apostles.
- There is no section 44.3.6 in the digital text.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.3.7Holl GCS 25/31:194
ὡς καὶ τὸ πρὼτον ὅτε ἐθάπτετο τὸ αὐτοῦ σῶμα κατηξιοῦτο Ἰωσὴφ ὁ ἀπὸ Ἀριμαθαίας ἐντυλίξαι αὐτὸ ἐν σινδόνι καὶ ἀποθέσθαι ἐν μνήματι.
hōs kai to prōton hote ethapteto to autou sōma katēxiouto Iōsēph ho apo Arimathaias entylixai auto en sindoni kai apothesthai en mnēmati.
as at first, when his body was buried, Joseph of Arimathea was counted worthy to wrap it in a linen cloth and lay it in a tomb.
Luke 23:53 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: At his burial Joseph of Arimathea wrapped and laid his body in a tomb.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.3.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-3-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.3.8Holl GCS 25/31:194
ἅμα δὲ καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες εἶχον ἰδεῖν ποῦ κατελείξθη τὰ λείψανα, ἵνα αὐτὰ τιμήσωσι διὰ μύρων καὶ ἀρωμάτων, ὡς τὸ πρῶτον.
hama de kai hai gynaikes eichon idein pou kateleixthē ta leipsana, hina auta timēsōsi dia myrōn kai arōmatōn, hōs to prōton.
And the women too would have been able to see where the remains were left, to honour them with ointments and spices as at first.
Luke 23:55 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The women would have known where to honour such remains.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.3.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-3-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.3.9Holl GCS 25/31:194
ἀλλʼ οὐδαμοῦ τὸ ψεῦδος ὑμῶν τοῦτο δεδ; λωται, ὦ Ἀπελληιανοί, ἀπὸ ἑνὸς τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων· οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν. ἀλλὰ τοὺς μὲν ἀοράτους ὁρατῶς εἶδον δύο ἄνδρας καὶ αὐτὸν εἰς οὐρανὸν ἀνερχόμενον καὶ ὑπὸ νεφέλης φωτεινῆς ὑπολαμβανίμενον, λείψανον δὲ αὐτοοῦ οὐδαμοῦ καταλελειμμένον· οὐ γὰρ ἐχρῆν οὐδὲ ἐνεδέχετο. καὶ ψεύδεται Ἀπελλῆς καὶ οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ Ἀπελληιανοί.
allʼ oudamou to pseudos hymōn touto ded? lōtai, ō Apellēianoi, apo henos tōn hagiōn apostolōn; ou gar estin. alla tous men aoratous horatōs eidon dyo andras kai auton eis ouranon anerchomenon kai hypo nephelēs phōteinēs hypolambanimenon, leipsanon de autoou oudamou kataleleimmenon; ou gar echrēn oude enedecheto. kai pseudetai Apellēs kai hoi apʼ autou Apellēianoi.
But nowhere has this lie of yours, Apelleans, been made known by any one of the holy apostles; for it does not exist. Rather, they saw visibly the two invisible men, and himself going up into heaven and taken up by a cloud of light; but no remnant of him was left anywhere; for it was neither necessary nor possible. And Apelles and the Apelleans who follow him lie.
Acts 1:9 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 1:10 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The apostles saw Christ ascend and no remains were left.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.3.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-3-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 44, chapter 4
44.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:194
4. Τὰ ὅμοια δὲ τῷ ἑαυτοῦ ἐπιστήτῃ Μαρκίωνι περί τε τῆς ἄλλης σαρκὸς καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὁμοίως ἐδογμάτισεν, φάσκων μὴ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν ωεκρῶν, καὶ τὰ ἄλλα ὅσαπερ * ἐπὶ τῆς γὴς, ἔδοξεν ὁμοίως δογματίζειν.
4. Ta homoia de tǭ heautou epistētę̄ Markiōni peri te tēs allēs sarkos kai tōn allōn homoiōs edogmatisen, phaskōn mē einai anastasin ōekrōn, kai ta alla hosaper * epi tēs gēs, edoxen homoiōs dogmatizein.
Like his master Marcion, he taught the same about the rest of flesh and other things, saying that there is no resurrection of the dead; and all the other things … on earth he chose to teach likewise.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Like Marcion, Apelles denies the resurrection of the dead.
- The edition marks a gap (*).
Topics: Heresy, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:194
ἀνατραπήσεται δὲ ὁ αὐτοῦ λογισμὸς λῆρός τις ὢν καὶ κατὰ πάντα τρόπον πεπλανημένος. οὔτε γὰρ ἰσχύσει σκότος ἔνθα τὸ φῶς παραφαίνερται οὔτε τὸ ψεῦδος σταθήσεται * οὔσης τῆς ἀληθείας.
anatrapēsetai de ho autou logismos lēros tis ōn kai kata panta tropon peplanēmenos. oute gar ischysei skotos entha to phōs paraphainertai oute to pseudos stathēsetai * ousēs tēs alētheias.
His reasoning will be overthrown, being nonsense and astray in every way. For darkness will have no power where the light shines, nor will falsehood stand … when the truth is present.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Falsehood cannot stand against the truth.
- The edition marks a gap (*). The digital text repeats a line; the repetition is removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (A line is repeated in the digital text.): σταθήσεται * οὔσης σκότος ἔνθα τὸ φῶς παραφαίνεται οὔτε τὸ ψεῦδος σταθήσεται* οὔσης → σταθήσεται * οὔσης.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:194–195
εἰ γὰρ ὅλως κέχρησαι ταῖς γραφαῖς, ὦ Ἀπελλῆ καὶ οἱ ἀπὸ σοῦ Ἀπελληιανοί, ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν γραφῶν εὑρεθήσεσθε ἐλεγχόμενοι· πρῶτον μέν, ὅτι κατʼ εἰκόνα θεοῦ ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον,
ei gar holōs kechrēsai tais graphais, ō Apellē kai hoi apo sou Apellēianoi, ex autōn tōn graphōn heurethēsesthe elenchomenoi; prōton men, hoti katʼ eikona theou epoiēsen ho theos ton anthrōpon,
For if you use the Scriptures at all, Apelles, and you Apelleans who follow you, you will be found refuted from the Scriptures themselves: first, that God made man according to the image of God,
Gen 1:27 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Scripture teaches that God made man in his image.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:194–195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:195
ὁ δὲ ποιήσας ἔφη »ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον κατʼ εἰκόνα ἡμετέραν καὶ καθʼ ὀμοίωσιν«· ὡς εἴ τις ἀπὸ τῆς σου πεπλανημένης αἱρέσεως ἐπιστρέψειε πρὸς τὴς ἀλήθειαν, ὡς ἀπὸ σκότους ἀποδράσας καὶ ἀπὸ νυκτὸς ἀναστὰς εὓροι ἂν τὸ φῶς αὐτῷ ἀνατεῖλαν τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ γνώσεως ἠλίου δίκην καὶ ὑπὲρ κἥλιν.
ho de poiēsas ephē »poiēsōmen anthrōpon katʼ eikona hēmeteran kai kathʼ omoiōsin«; hōs ei tis apo tēs sou peplanēmenēs haireseōs epistrepseie pros tēs alētheian, hōs apo skotous apodrasas kai apo nyktos anastas heuroi an to phōs autǭ anateilan tēs tou theou gnōseōs ēliou dikēn kai hyper kēlin.
and the maker said, “Let us make man according to our image and likeness”; so that if anyone from your erring sect should turn to the truth, as one escaping from darkness and rising from night, he would find the light of the knowledge of God risen for him like the sun, and beyond the sun.
Gen 1:26 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Genesis 1:26 lights the way from Apelles' error to the truth.
- ὑπὲρ κἥλιν is read as ὑπὲρ ἥλιον ('beyond the sun').
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.5Holl GCS 25/31:195
φανήσεται γὰρ παντί τῳ τὸν εὔλογον λογισμὸν κεκτημένῳ ὅτι ὁ εἰπών »ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον« ὁ θεός ἐτιν ὁ τῶν ὅλων παρτήρ· συγκαλεῖται δὲ μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ τὸν ἀεὶ ὄντα σὺν σαὐτῷ θεὸν Λόγον υἱὸν μονογενὴ, ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἀνάρχως καὶ ἀχρόνωνς γεγεννημένον, ἅμα δὲ καὶ τὸ ἅγιον αὐτοῦ πνεῦμα τὸ οὐκ ἀλλότριον αὐτοῦ οὐδὲ τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἰδίου υἱοῦ.
phanēsetai gar panti tǭ ton eulogon logismon kektēmenǭ hoti ho eipōn »poiēsōmen anthrōpon« ho theos etin ho tōn holōn partēr; synkaleitai de methʼ heautou ton aei onta syn sautǭ theon Logon huion monogenē, ex autou anarchōs kai achronōns gegennēmenon, hama de kai to hagion autou pneuma to ouk allotrion autou oude tou autou idiou huiou.
For it will be plain to everyone who has sound reasoning that he who said “Let us make man” is God, the Father of all; and he calls with himself God the Word, the only-begotten Son, who is always with him, begotten of him without beginning and timelessly, and at the same time his Holy Spirit, who is not foreign to him nor to his own Son.
Gen 1:26 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: 'Let us make' shows the Father speaking with the Son and the Spirit.
- A Trinitarian reading of Gen 1:26, translated as written.
Topics: Trinity, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.6Holl GCS 25/31:195
εἰ γὰρ ἄλλος ἦν ὁ πλάσας τὸν ἄνθρωπον τουτέστιν καὶ τὸν κόσμον κτίσας, ἄλλς δὲ ὁ ἄνω ἀγαθὸς θεὸς παρʼ οὖ κατῆλθεν ὁ Χριστός, οὐκ ἄν ὁ Χριστὸς ἐλάμβανεν ἑαυτῷ σῶμα καὶ ἔπλασε, τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ δημιουργοῦ εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἀνατυπῶν.
ei gar allos ēn ho plasas ton anthrōpon toutestin kai ton kosmon ktisas, alls de ho anō agathos theos parʼ ou katēlthen ho Christos, ouk an ho Christos elambanen heautǭ sōma kai eplase, tēn eikona tou dēmiourgou eis heauton anatypōn.
For if the one who formed man, that is, who also created the world, were another, and the good God above, from whom Christ came down, another, Christ would not have taken a body for himself and formed it, reproducing the craftsman's image in himself.
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ would not have taken on the creator's image if the creator were a different god.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.7Holl GCS 25/31:195
ἀλλὰ δὴλον ὅτι αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ δημιουργὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ τοῦ κόσμου, ᾧ εἶπεν ὁ πατήρ »ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον κατʼ εἰκόνα ἡμετέραν καὶ καθʼ ὁμοίωσιν«·
alla dēlon hoti autos estin ho dēmiourgos tou anthrōpou kai tou kosmou, hǭ eipen ho patēr »poiēsōmen anthrōpon katʼ eikona hēmeteran kai kathʼ homoiōsin«;
But it is plain that he himself is the craftsman of man and of the world, to whom the Father said, “Let us make man according to our image and likeness”;
Gen 1:26 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Son is the maker of man, to whom the Father spoke.
Topics: Christology, Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.8Holl GCS 25/31:195
ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ ἑνὸς ὁ τότε τὸν ἄνθρωπον πεποιηκώς, πλάσας τε ἐκ γὴς τὸ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ σῶμα καὶ ποιήσας αὐτὸ εἰς ψυχὴν ζῶσαν.
apo de tou henos ho tote ton anthrōpon pepoiēkōs, plasas te ek gēs to tou Adam sōma kai poiēsas auto eis psychēn zōsan.
and from the one [God] he who then made man, forming Adam's body from earth and making it a living soul.
Gen 2:7 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The same one formed Adam from earth.
- The sentence is elliptical in the Greek and translated by sense.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.9Holl GCS 25/31:195
διὸ καὶ ἐμαρτύρησεν ὁ ἅγιος Ἰωάννης ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ εὐαγγελίῳ λέγων ὅτι »ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὀ Λόγος, καὶ ὁ Λόγος ἦν πρὸς τὸν θεόν, καὶ θεὸς ἦν ὁ λόγος. οὗτος ἦν ἐν ἀρχῇ πρὸς τὸν θεόν· πάντα διʼ αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο, καὶ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο οὐδὲ ἔν« καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.
dio kai emartyrēsen ho hagios Iōannēs en tǭ hagiǭ euangeliǭ legōn hoti »en archę̄ ēn o Logos, kai ho Logos ēn pros ton theon, kai theos ēn ho logos. houtos ēn en archę̄ pros ton theon; panta diʼ autou egeneto, kai chōris autou egeneto oude en« kai ta hexēs.
That is why holy John bore witness in the holy gospel, saying, “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things came to be through him, and without him not one thing came to be,” and so on.
John 1:1 (quotation, high confidence) · John 1:2 (quotation, high confidence) · John 1:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: John 1:1–3 confirms the Word as creator.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.10Holl GCS 25/31:195
εἰ δὲ <πάντα> ἐν αὐτῷ ἐγένετο καὶ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο, αὐτὸς τότε τὸν Ἀδὰμ ἔπλασε καὶ αὐτὸς πάλιν τὸ σῶμα ἀπὸ Μαρίας τῆς παρθένου εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἀνεπλάσατο καὶ τελείως τὴν πᾶσαν αὐτοῦ ἐνανθρώπησιν συνήνωσε τὴν ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ τότε πλασθεῖσαν καὶ νῦν ἐν ἑαυτῷ συνενωθεῖσαν.
ei de <panta> en autǭ egeneto kai hypʼ autou egeneto, autos tote ton Adam eplase kai autos palin to sōma apo Marias tēs parthenou eis heauton aneplasato kai teleiōs tēn pasan autou enanthrōpēsin synēnōse tēn hypʼ autou tote plastheisan kai nyn en heautǭ synenōtheisan.
And if [all things] came to be in him and by him, he himself then formed Adam, and he himself again formed for himself a body from Mary the virgin, and perfectly united his whole incarnation, which was formed by him then and now united in himself.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Word who formed Adam took a body from Mary.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.11Holl GCS 25/31:195
εἰ δὲ ἀλλοτρίαν ἐργαςίαν εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἔλαβε τοῦ κακῶς τὴν πλάσιν πλάσαντος καὶ κακοῦ ὑπάρχοντος κατὰ τὴν σοῦ διδασκαλίαν, καὶ εἰ ὅλως κέχρηται τοῖς κακοῖς πιήμασιν οἶς ὁ κατὰ σὲ κακὸς ποιητὴν εἰργάσατο, ἄρα ἐπεμίγη τῇ κακίᾳ τοῦ ποιητοῦ χρήσει τε καὶ εὐεργεςίᾳ καὶ τῇ ἰδίᾳ αὐτοῦ εἰκόνι. ἀλλὰ οὐκ κἐνδέχεται.
ei de allotrian ergasian eis heauton elabe tou kakōs tēn plasin plasantos kai kakou hyparchontos kata tēn sou didaskalian, kai ei holōs kechrētai tois kakois piēmasin ois ho kata se kakos poiētēn eirgasato, ara epemigē tę̄ kakią tou poiētou chrēsei te kai euergesią kai tę̄ idią autou eikoni. alla ouk kendechetai.
But if he took to himself the work of another, of one who formed the creature badly and is evil, according to your teaching, and if he used at all the evil works that the evil maker, as you say, produced, then he was mixed with the maker's wickedness, by the use and the benefit and by his own image. But this is impossible.
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ could not take the work of an evil maker without sharing its evil.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.12Holl GCS 25/31:195–196
εἰ γὰρ ἐνηνθρώπησεν, οὐ μόνον σάρκα εἴληφεν ἀλλὰ καὶ ψυχήν. δῆλον γὰρ ἔσται τοῦτο· ἐπεὶ πόθεν ἔλεγεν »ἐξουςίαν ἔχω λαβεῖν τὴν ψυχήν μου καὶ θεῖναι αὐτήν«;
ei gar enēnthrōpēsen, ou monon sarka eilēphen alla kai psychēn. dēlon gar estai touto; epei pothen elegen »exousian echō labein tēn psychēn mou kai theinai autēn«?
For if he became man, he took not only flesh but also a soul. This will be plain; for otherwise how could he say, “I have authority to take my soul and to lay it down”?
John 10:18 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ took a human soul as well as flesh.
- John 10:18 is quoted with the verbs reversed; ψυχή is rendered 'soul' (often 'life').
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:195–196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.13Holl GCS 25/31:196
τὴν πᾶσαν τοίνυν πραγματείαν ἀναδεξάμενος, τὴν ῤηθεῖσαν ὑπὸ τοῦ δημιουργοῦ εἰκόνα, πᾶσαν † πραγματείαν ἀνεδέξατο, ἐν τῷ σώματι καὶ ψυχῇ
tēn pasan toinyn pragmateian anadexamenos, tēn rētheisan hypo tou dēmiourgou eikona, pasan † pragmateian anedexato, en tǭ sōmati kai psychę̄
So, having taken on the whole undertaking, the image spoken of by the craftsman, he took on the whole … undertaking, in body and soul,
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ assumed the whole human being in body and soul.
- The edition marks a corrupt word (†).
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.13 (Holl GCS 25/31:196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.4.14Holl GCS 25/31:196
ἐλθὼν ὁ Λόγος καὶ ἐν ὁποίοις ἅπαςίν ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθρωπος. τούτων δὲ οὕτως τελεσθέντων ἐξ ἅπαντος ἠμαύρωταί σου τὸ δηλγτήριον, καὶ ἔπεςέν σου ἡ στάσις ἡ ἀθεμελίωτος, μὴ ἔχουσα πῆξιν ἑδραιώματος ἀληθείας.
elthōn ho Logos kai en hopoiois hapasin estin ho anthrōpos. toutōn de houtōs telesthentōn ex hapantos ēmaurōtai sou to dēlgtērion, kai epesen sou hē stasis hē athemeliōtos, mē echousa pēxin hedraiōmatos alētheias.
the Word having come, and in all the things in which man exists. Since these things were accomplished so, your poison has been wholly dimmed, and your unfounded position has fallen, having no fixed foundation of truth.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles' position falls without a foundation.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.4.14 (Holl GCS 25/31:196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-4-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 44, chapter 5
44.5.1Holl GCS 25/31:196
5. Εἰ δὲ καὶ ἃ βούλει λαμβάνεις άπὸ τῆς θείας γραφῆς καὶ ἃ βούλει καταλιμπάνεις, ἄρα γοῦν κριτὴς προεκάθισας, οὐχ ἑρμηνευτὴς τῶν νόμων ἀλλὰ ἐκλγεὺς τῶν οὐ κατὰ τὸν νοῦν σου ργαφέντων, ἀλλὰ ὄντων μὲνἀλξρινῶν παρὰ σοὶ δὲ μεταποιηθέντων ψευδῶς κατὰ τὸν νοῦν τῆς σοῦ ἀπάτης καὶ τῶν ὑπὸ σοῦ ἠπατημένων.
5. Ei de kai ha boulei lambaneis apo tēs theias graphēs kai ha boulei katalimpaneis, ara goun kritēs proekathisas, ouch hermēneutēs tōn nomōn alla eklgeus tōn ou kata ton noun sou rgaphentōn, alla ontōn menalxrinōn para soi de metapoiēthentōn pseudōs kata ton noun tēs sou apatēs kai tōn hypo sou ēpatēmenōn.
And if you take what you wish from the divine Scripture and leave what you wish, then you have set yourself up as a judge, not an interpreter of the laws, but a selector of what was not written according to your mind — things that are true, but changed by you falsely to suit your deception and that of those deceived by you.
Notes and citation
Summary: Apelles sets himself up as a judge over Scripture.
- ἀλξρινῶν is read as ἀληθινῶν ('true').
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.2Holl GCS 25/31:196
εἰ δὲ καὶ ὅλως κατὸ ποιητὴς τὰ ἐνταῦθα εἰργάσατο, φημὶ δὲ τὸν κόσμον, τίνος ἕνεκα ἦλθεν ὁ ἀπὸ ἀγαθοῦ7 πατρὸς εἰς τόνδε τὸν αἰῶνα; καὶ εἰ μὲν ἵνα σώσῃ ἀνθρώπους, ἄρα τῶν ἰδίων ἐπεμελήσατο καὶ οὐκέτι ἄλλος εἴη ὁ δημιουργός·
ei de kai holōs kato poiētēs ta entautha eirgasato, phēmi de ton kosmon, tinos heneka ēlthen ho apo agathou7 patros eis tonde ton aiōna? kai ei men hina sōsę̄ anthrōpous, ara tōn idiōn epemelēsato kai ouketi allos eiē ho dēmiourgos;
And if the maker made the things here badly, I mean the world, for what reason did the one from the good Father come into this age? If to save men, then he cared for his own, and the craftsman would no longer be another.
Notes and citation
Summary: If Christ came to save men, they were his own.
- κατὸ is read as κακῶς ('badly').
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.3Holl GCS 25/31:196
εἰ δὲ οὐ τῶν ἰδίων προενόει, βούλεται δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἀλλοτρίοις ἐπεμβαίνειν καὶ τὰ οὐκ ὄντα αὐτοῦ διαςώζειν, ἢ κόλαξ ἐστὶ τοῖς ἀλλοτρίοις προσλιπαρῶν ἢ κενόδοξος, ἵνα κρείττων τοῦ κτιστοῦ φανῇ πρὸς τὰ ἀλλότρια ἃ διαςῴζειν πειρᾶται, τῶν μὴ ἰδίων ἐφιέμενος, καὶ οὐκέτι ἔσται ἀληθινός·
ei de ou tōn idiōn proenoei, bouletai de en tois allotriois epembainein kai ta ouk onta autou diasōzein, ē kolax esti tois allotriois prosliparōn ē kenodoxos, hina kreittōn tou ktistou phanę̄ pros ta allotria ha diasǭzein peiratai, tōn mē idiōn ephiemenos, kai ouketi estai alēthinos;
But if he did not provide for his own, but wishes to invade what belongs to others and save what is not his, either he is a flatterer fawning on what belongs to others, or vainglorious, to appear stronger than the creator over the things of others which he tries to save, coveting what is not his; and he will no longer be true;
Notes and citation
Summary: Otherwise Christ would be a flatterer or vainglorious.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.4Holl GCS 25/31:196
ἤ ὅτι μέτριός ἐστι κατὰ σέ, ὦ ἀγύρτα, καὶ μὴ ἔχων κτίσιν ἑαυτοῦ, τὰ ἀλλότρια ἐπιθυμῶν ταῦτα συλᾶν πειρᾶται, ἀπὸ τῶν ἀλλοτρίων ἑαυτῷ περιποιούμενος ψυχὰς τὰς οὐκ οὔσας αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ πατρός.
ē hoti metrios esti kata se, ō agyrta, kai mē echōn ktisin heautou, ta allotria epithymōn tauta sylan peiratai, apo tōn allotriōn heautǭ peripoioumenos psychas tas ouk ousas autou kai tou autou patros.
or else, according to you, charlatan, he is of modest means, and having no creation of his own, coveting what belongs to others, he tries to plunder it, acquiring for himself from others souls that do not belong to him or to his Father.
Notes and citation
Summary: Or Christ would be a poor god plundering another's creation.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.5Holl GCS 25/31:196
εἰ δὲ αὐτοῦ μέν εἰσιν αἱ ψυχαὶ καὶ ἄνωθεν ἐλθοῦσαι φαίνονται, ἄ ρα εἰς ἀγαθὸν κόσμον ἀπεστάλησαν παρὰ τοῦ ἄνωθεν κατὰ σὲ ἀγαθοῦ θεοῦ καὶ οὐκ εἰς πονηρὸς ἔργον.
ei de autou men eisin hai psychai kai anōthen elthousai phainontai, a ra eis agathon kosmon apestalēsan para tou anōthen kata se agathou theou kai ouk eis ponēros ergon.
And if the souls are his and are seen to have come from above, then they were sent into a good world by the good God above, according to you, and not to a wicked work.
Notes and citation
Summary: If souls came from the good God, they were sent into a good world.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.6Holl GCS 25/31:196–197
εἰ δὲ ἀπεστάλησαν διά τινα μὲν χρῆσιν ἣν τάχα μυθπ[ποεὸς. εἰσελθοῦσαι δὲ μετέπεσον εἰς ἑτέραν, τουτέστιν ἵνα δίκαιόν τι πράξωσι, πονηρὸν δὲ εἰργάσαντο, ὀφθήσεται ὁ ἀποστείλας αὐτὰς πρόγωνσιν ἂν μὴ ἔχων· ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἀπέστειλεν αὐτὰς διʼ ἕτερον καὶ ἕτερόν τι εὑρέθησαν ἐργαςάμεναι.
ei de apestalēsan dia tina men chrēsin hēn tacha mythp[poeos. eiselthousai de metepeson eis heteran, toutestin hina dikaion ti praxōsi, ponēron de eirgasanto, ophthēsetai ho aposteilas autas progōnsin an mē echōn; epeidē gar apesteilen autas diʼ heteron kai heteron ti heurethēsan ergasamenai.
And if they were sent for some use, which you perhaps will make up a myth about, but on entering they fell into another, that is, sent to do something just, they did something wicked, the one who sent them will be seen to have no foreknowledge; since he sent them for one thing and they were found to have done another.
Notes and citation
Summary: If souls failed their purpose, their sender lacked foreknowledge.
- The digital text is garbled (μυθπ[ποεὸς); read as 'you will make up a myth'.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:196–197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.7Holl GCS 25/31:197
ἢ πάλιν ἐὰν εἴπῃς ὅτι οὐ κατὰ τὴν αὐτιοῦ βούλησιν ἐληλύθασιν ἀλλὰ κατὰ τυραννίδα τοῦ ἀφαρπάζοντος, ἄρα ἰσχυρός ἐστιν ὁ κτισθεὶς ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θεοῦ πονηρὸς ρὸς δημιουργὸς παρὰ τὸν ἀγαθὸν θεόν, ὅτι τὰ αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχοντα ἀφαρπάξας ἐχρήσατο.
ē palin ean eipę̄s hoti ou kata tēn autiou boulēsin elēlythasin alla kata tyrannida tou apharpazontos, ara ischyros estin ho ktistheis hypo tou agathou theou ponēros ros dēmiourgos para ton agathon theon, hoti ta autou hyparchonta apharpaxas echrēsato.
Or again, if you say that they came not by his will but by the tyranny of one who snatched them away, then the wicked craftsman created by the good God is stronger than the good God, since he snatched and used what belonged to him.
Notes and citation
Summary: If souls were stolen, the maker is stronger than the good God.
- The digital text repeats a syllable (πονηρὸς ρὸς); no effect on the sense.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.8Holl GCS 25/31:197
πόθεν δὲ οὐ διελεγχθήσῃ, αὐτοῦ τοῦ σωτῆρος φασκοντος ὅτι »ἐξουςίαν ἔχω τὴν ψυχήν μου θεὶναι καὶ λαβεῖν αὐτήν«, ὡς αὐτοῦ μὲν ψυχὴν εἰληφότος καὶ θέντος καὶ πάλιν λαβόντος, ὡς οὐκ ἀλλοτρίαν εἶναι τὴν ψυχὴν καὶ ἑτέρου δημιουρηοῦ.
pothen de ou dielenchthēsę̄, autou tou sōtēros phaskontos hoti »exousian echō tēn psychēn mou theinai kai labein autēn«, hōs autou men psychēn eilēphotos kai thentos kai palin labontos, hōs ouk allotrian einai tēn psychēn kai heterou dēmiourēou.
And from where will you not be refuted, since the Saviour himself says, “I have authority to lay down my soul and to take it,” as one who took a soul, laid it down and took it again, so that the soul is not foreign or of another craftsman?
John 10:18 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's own soul shows souls are not foreign to him.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.9Holl GCS 25/31:197
πάλιν δὲ εὑρεθήσεταιἀγαθὸν σῶμα φορῶν. οὐ γὰρ ἂν πεισθήσεται ἀγαθός τις χρῆσθαι πονηρῷ ἔργω, ἵνα μὴ ἀπὸ τοῦ μετέχειν μέρους τοῦ πονηροῦ καὶ αὐτὸς χρανθήσεται τῇ τῆς ἐπιμίξεως πονηρίᾳ.
palin de heurethēsetaiagathon sōma phorōn. ou gar an peisthēsetai agathos tis chrēsthai ponērǭ ergō, hina mē apo tou metechein merous tou ponērou kai autos chranthēsetai tę̄ tēs epimixeōs ponērią.
Again, he will be found wearing a good body. For no good being would consent to use a wicked work, lest by sharing in a part of the wicked he too be defiled by the wickedness of the mixture.
Notes and citation
Summary: A good being would not wear a body made by an evil maker.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.10Holl GCS 25/31:197
εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτὸ ἀνέστησε, λέγε μοι, τί ἵνα ποιήσῃ μετὰ ἀνάστασιν καὶ αὐτὸ πάλιν καταλέλοιπεν μερίσας τοῖς τέσσαρρσι στοιχείοις, τῷ θερμῷ ὑγρῷ τὸ ὑγρόν;
ei de kai auto anestēse, lege moi, ti hina poiēsę̄ meta anastasin kai auto palin kataleloipen merisas tois tessarrsi stoicheiois, tǭ thermǭ hygrǭ to hygron?
And if he raised it, tell me, what did he do after the resurrection, that he left it again, dividing it among the four elements, the moist to the moist?
Notes and citation
Summary: Why raise the body only to dissolve it again?
- The digital text reads 'to the hot moist the moist'; θερμῷ is probably a slip.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.11Holl GCS 25/31:197
εἰ γὰρ ἤγειρεν αὐτὸ ἵνα πάλιν αὐτὸ λύσῃ, ἄρα δραματουργίας τὸ ἔργον τοῦτο εἴη καὶ οὐκ ἀληθείας. ἤγειρεν δὲ αὐτὸ ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς ὁ Χριστὸς καὶ συμπαρέλαβεν ἑαυτῷ ὅπερ ἀνεπλάσατο εἰς ἑαυτόν, σῶμα σὺν ψυχῇ καὶ πάσῃ τῇ ἐνανθρωπήσει τελειιοτάτως·
ei gar ēgeiren auto hina palin auto lysę̄, ara dramatourgias to ergon touto eiē kai ouk alētheias. ēgeiren de auto ho kyrios hēmōn Iēsous ho Christos kai symparelaben heautǭ hoper aneplasato eis heauton, sōma syn psychę̄ kai pasę̄ tę̄ enanthrōpēsei teleiiotatōs;
For if he raised it only to dissolve it again, this work would be play-acting and not truth. But our Lord Jesus Christ raised it and took with him what he had formed for himself, body with soul and the whole incarnation, most perfectly;
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ raised his body and took it with him wholly.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.5.12Holl GCS 25/31:197
ἐπειδὴ γὰρ συνεκάθισε κατὰ τὸν ἀποστολικὸν λόγον ὅτι »ὁ θεὸς ἤγειρε καὶ συνεκάθισεν ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις«, ὡς μαρτυσιν »ἄνδρες Γαλιλαῖοι, τί ἑστήκατε ἀτενίζοντες εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν; οὖτος ὁ Ἰησοῦς ὁ ἀφʼ ὐμῶν ἀναληφθεὶς εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν οὕτως ἐλεύσεται ὃν τρόπον ἐθεάσασθε αὐτὸν ἀναλαμβανόμενον«.
epeidē gar synekathise kata ton apostolikon logon hoti »ho theos ēgeire kai synekathisen en tois epouraniois«, hōs martysin »andres Galilaioi, ti hestēkate atenizontes eis ton ouranon? outos ho Iēsous ho aphʼ ymōn analēphtheis eis ton ouranon houtōs eleusetai hon tropon etheasasthe auton analambanomenon«.
since he sat down with [the Father], according to the apostolic saying, “God raised him and seated him with him in the heavenly places,” as they bear witness: “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him taken up.”
Eph 2:6 (quotation, medium confidence) · Acts 1:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ ascended bodily and will return in the same way.
- Eph 2:6 is quoted freely; μαρτυσιν is read as μαρτυροῦσιν ('they bear witness'), referring to the angels of Acts 1:11.
Topics: Christology, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.5.12 (Holl GCS 25/31:197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-5-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 44, chapter 6
44.6.1Holl GCS 25/31:197
6. καὶ ἵνα μὴ πάλιν δοθῇ σοι πρόφασις πανηρίας κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας, μετὰ χρόνον πολὺν τῆς τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶς ἀναλήψεως Στέφανος ὁἅγιος τοῦ θεοῦ μάρτυς λιθαζόμενος ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀπεκρίνατο λέγων »ἰδού, ὁρῶ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἠνεψγμένον καὶ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐστῶτα ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ πατρός«,
6. kai hina mē palin dothę̄ soi prophasis panērias kata tēs alētheias, meta chronon polyn tēs tou sōtēros hēmōs analēpseōs Stephanos hoagios tou theou martys lithazomenos hypo tōn Ioudaiōn apekrinato legōn »idou, horō ton ouranon ēnepsgmenon kai ton huion tou anthrōpou estōta ek dexiōn tou patros«,
And so that you may not again be given a pretext for wickedness against the truth, long after our Saviour's ascension Stephen, God's holy martyr, as he was being stoned by the Jews, answered, saying, “Behold, I see heaven opened and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of the Father,”
Acts 7:56 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Stephen saw the Son of Man in heaven long after the ascension.
- Acts 7:56 has 'at the right hand of God'.
Topics: Christology, Martyrdom
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.6.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-6-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.6.2Holl GCS 25/31:197
ἵνα δείξῃ αὐτὸ τὸ σῶμα ἐν ἀληθείᾳ εἰς πνευμνατικὸν ἀναστὰν σὺν τῇ θεότητι τοῦ μονογενοῦς ὅλον εἰς πνευματικὸν ἑνωθὲν καὶ εἰς θεότητα συνηνωμένον.
hina deixę̄ auto to sōma en alētheią eis pneumnatikon anastan syn tę̄ theotēti tou monogenous holon eis pneumatikon henōthen kai eis theotēta synēnōmenon.
to show that the very body truly rose into a spiritual one, wholly united with the Godhead of the Only-begotten into the spiritual and joined into Godhead.
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's risen body was made spiritual and united to his Godhead.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.6.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-6-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.6.3Holl GCS 25/31:197–198
ἄνω δὲ αὐτὸ τὸ ἅγιον σῶμα σὺν τῇ θεότητι ὄλος θεός, εἷς υἱός, ὁ ἅγιος τοῦ θεοῦ καθεζόμενος ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ πατρός, ὡς ἕχει καὶ τὸ τοῦ Μάρκου εὐαγγέλιον καὶ τῶν ἄλλων εὐαγγελιστῶν »καὶ ἀνῆλθεν εἰς οὐρανοὺς καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ πατρός«. καὶ πανταχόθεν διαπεσεῖταί σου καὶ τῶν ὐπὸ σοῦ πεπλανημένων ὁ ἀγύρτης λόγος.
anō de auto to hagion sōma syn tę̄ theotēti olos theos, heis huios, ho hagios tou theou kathezomenos en dexią tou patros, hōs hechei kai to tou Markou euangelion kai tōn allōn euangelistōn »kai anēlthen eis ouranous kai ekathisen en dexią tou patros«. kai pantachothen diapeseitai sou kai tōn ypo sou peplanēmenōn ho agyrtēs logos.
And above, the holy body itself with the Godhead, wholly God, one Son, the Holy One of God, is seated at the right hand of the Father, as the Gospel of Mark and those of the other evangelists have it: “And he went up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of the Father.” And your charlatan's argument, and that of those led astray by you, will collapse on every side.
Mark 16:19 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ is seated in his body at the Father's right hand.
- Mark 16:19 is quoted freely ('of God' in Mark).
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.6.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:197–198; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-6-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.6.4Holl GCS 25/31:198
καὶ περὶ νεκρῶν ἀναστ; σεως ἄκουε τοῦ ἀποστόλου λέγοντος ὅτι »δεῖ τὸ φθαρτὸν τοῦτο ἐνδύσασθαι ἀφθαρςίαν καὶ τὸ θνητὸν τοῦτο ἐνδύσασθαι ἀθανςίαν«.
kai peri nekrōn anast? seōs akoue tou apostolou legontos hoti »dei to phtharton touto endysasthai aphtharsian kai to thnēton touto endysasthai athansian«.
And about the resurrection of the dead, hear the apostle saying, “This corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality.”
1 Cor 15:53 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul teaches that the mortal body will put on immortality.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.6.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:198; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-6-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
44.6.5Holl GCS 25/31:198
εἰ μὴ γὰρ ἔμελλε τὸ θνητὸν ἐνδύσασθαι ἀθαναςίαν καὶ τὸ φθαρτὸν ἐνδύσασθαι ἀφθαρςίαν, οὐκ ἂν ὁ ἀθάνατος θανεῖς ἦλθεν, ἵνα ἐν αὐτῷ πάθῃ καὶ κοι μηθεὶς τὸ τριήμερον ἀνστῇ καὶ συνανενέγκῃ ἐν ἑαυτῷ συνηνωμένον τῇ θεότητι καὶ τῇ αὐτοῦ δόξῃ. ἵνα ἐκ τῆς αὐτοῦ ἀγαθῆς πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἐνδημίας τὴν πᾶσαν ἐλπίδ κατάσχωμεν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ, ὑποδεικνύων ἑαυτὸν τύπον ἡμῖν καὶ αρραβῶνα εἰς ἐλπίδα τῆς πάσης ζωῆς πραγματείας.
ei mē gar emelle to thnēton endysasthai athanasian kai to phtharton endysasthai aphtharsian, ouk an ho athanatos thaneis ēlthen, hina en autǭ pathę̄ kai koi mētheis to triēmeron anstę̄ kai synanenenkę̄ en heautǭ synēnōmenon tę̄ theotēti kai tę̄ autou doxę̄. hina ek tēs autou agathēs pros hēmas endēmias tēn pasan elpid kataschōmen en alētheią, hypodeiknyōn heauton typon hēmin kai arrabōna eis elpida tēs pasēs zōēs pragmateias.
For if the mortal were not going to put on immortality and the corruptible incorruption, the Immortal would not have come to die, so as to suffer in it, and, having slept for three days, rise and carry it up in himself, united with his Godhead and his glory; so that from his good coming to us we might hold the whole hope in truth, since he shows himself to us as a type and a pledge of hope for the whole business of life.
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's death and resurrection in the body are our pledge of resurrection.
Topics: Eschatology, Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 44.6.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:198; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/42-13-1/#p-44-6-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.