2 Corinthians 11 in the early church
585 passages quote, allude to, or echo 2 Corinthians 11, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33
2 Corinthians 11:1
I hope you will put up with a little of my foolishness, but you are already doing that.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:1–3 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 27 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 2 Cor 11:1 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:1 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:1 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:16 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:1 | Letters 21.5 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| 2 Cor 11:1 | Apologetic Book 27.1 · Orosius | echo, low confidence | ca. 415–416 |
| 2 Cor 11:1 | In Praise of the Desert 3 · Eucherius of Lyon | echo, medium confidence | ca. 427-428 |
2 Corinthians 11:2
I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy. For I promised you to one husband, to present you as a pure virgin to Christ.
2 Corinthians 11:3
I am afraid, however, that just as Eve was deceived by the serpent’s cunning, your minds may be led astray from your simple and pure devotion to Christ.
2 Corinthians 11:4
For if someone comes and proclaims a Jesus other than the One we proclaimed, or if you receive a different spirit than the One you received, or a different gospel than the one you accepted, you put up with it very easily.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:4 | On the Trinity 11.2 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 356–360 |
| 2 Cor 11:4 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:4 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:4 | Book of Rules 1 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
2 Corinthians 11:5
I consider myself in no way inferior to those “super-apostles.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:5 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:5 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
2 Corinthians 11:6
Although I am not a polished speaker, I am certainly not lacking in knowledge. We have made this clear to you in every way possible.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:6 | To Autolycus 2.1 · Theophilus of Antioch | echo, medium confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Miscellanies 6.18.165 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Commentary on John 4.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Commentary on John 13.367 · Origen | echo, medium confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 22 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Commentary on Matthew 16.25 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Commentary on Romans 4.10 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Commentary on Romans 6.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Commentary on Romans 6.13 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Church History 3.24.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea | echo, medium confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Church History 6.25.11 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | On the Holy Spirit 0 · Didymus the Blind | quotation, high confidence | Greek ca. 360-390; Latin 387-391 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Homilies 17.1 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:6 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Letter to Epictetus 12 · Athanasius of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 370 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Letter 29.7 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Letter 53.4 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Letter 121.10 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Canons on the Letters of Paul 74 · Priscillian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–400 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | The Teacher 5 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 389 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Against Jovinianus 1.9 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | 393 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | On Christian Doctrine 4.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
| 2 Cor 11:6 | Apology against Jerome 2.24 · Rufinus of Aquileia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 401 |
2 Corinthians 11:7
Was it a sin for me to humble myself in order to exalt you, because I preached the gospel of God to you free of charge?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:7 | Commentary on Matthew 16.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| 2 Cor 11:7 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:7 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:7 | On the Work of Monks 13 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
2 Corinthians 11:8
I robbed other churches by accepting their support in order to serve you.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:8 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:8 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:8 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 12:14 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:8 | Sermon 351.5 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| 2 Cor 11:8 | On the Work of Monks 13 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
2 Corinthians 11:9
And when I was with you and in need, I was not a burden to anyone; for the brothers who came from Macedonia supplied my needs. I have refrained from being a burden to you in any way, and I will continue to do so.
2 Corinthians 11:10
As surely as the truth of Christ is in me, this boasting of mine will not be silenced in the regions of Achaia.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:10 | Commentary on Romans 7.13 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 2 Cor 11:10 | Commentary on 1 Corinthians 16:17–18 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:10 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:10 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:10 | On the Work of Monks 13 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
| 2 Cor 11:10 | Reminder concerning the Error of the Priscillianists and Origenists 4 · Orosius | quotation, high confidence | 414 |
| 2 Cor 11:10 | Apologetic Book 31.3 · Orosius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 415–416 |
2 Corinthians 11:11
Why? Because I do not love you? God knows I do!
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:11 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:11 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:11 | On the Work of Monks 13 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
2 Corinthians 11:12
But I will keep on doing what I am doing, in order to undercut those who want an opportunity to be regarded as our equals in the things of which they boast.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:12 | On the Singleness of Clerics 23 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| 2 Cor 11:12 | Letter 69 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| 2 Cor 11:12 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:12 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:12 | Letter 78.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| 2 Cor 11:12 | Homilies on Matthew 32.4 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| 2 Cor 11:12 | The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 2.16 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 393–396 |
| 2 Cor 11:12 | Letters 5.14 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| 2 Cor 11:12 | On the Work of Monks 13 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
| 2 Cor 11:12 | On the Work of Monks 36 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
2 Corinthians 11:13
For such men are false apostles, deceitful workers, masquerading as apostles of Christ.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Miscellanies 3.1.3 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Acts of Thomas 79 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 200–250 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Prescription against Heretics 4 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 203 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Against Marcion 5.12 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 2 Cor 11:13–15 | Commentary on John 20.413 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | On the Singleness of Clerics 23 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Letter 75.25 · Cyprian of Carthage | echo, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| 2 Cor 11:13–15 | Acta Archelai (Latin) 39 · Hegemonius | quotation, high confidence | early to mid 4th century (Greek original) |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Recognitions 4.34 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Recognitions 8.53 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Demonstration 14.37 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Long recension, Philippians 14 · Anonymous | allusion, low confidence | later 4th century (probable) |
| 2 Cor 11:13–15 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 27 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Against Constantius 2 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–361 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:13 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 28.4.6 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Canons on the Letters of Paul 52 · Priscillian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–400 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Letter 43.23 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Homilies on Matthew 46.1 · John Chrysostom | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Homilies on Matthew 75.1 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 2 · Rufinus of Aquileia | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 404 |
| 2 Cor 11:13 | Commonitory 25 · Vincent of Lérins | quotation, high confidence | 434 |
2 Corinthians 11:14
And no wonder, for Satan himself masquerades as an angel of light.
2 Corinthians 11:15
It is not surprising, then, if his servants masquerade as servants of righteousness. Their end will correspond to their actions.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:15 | Miscellanies 3.1.3 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| 2 Cor 11:15 | PG 12:1209 (Ps 14–15 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 2 Cor 11:15 | On the Witch of Endor 4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| 2 Cor 11:15 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:15 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:15 | Letter 147.11 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 2 Cor 11:15 | Letter 53.7 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| 2 Cor 11:15 | Letter 121.13 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| 2 Cor 11:15 | Letters 50.13 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| 2 Cor 11:15 | Commonitory 25 · Vincent of Lérins | quotation, high confidence | 434 |
2 Corinthians 11:16
I repeat: Let no one take me for a fool. But if you do, then receive me as a fool, so that I too may boast a little.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:16 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:16 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:16–30 | On Christian Doctrine 4.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
2 Corinthians 11:17
In this confident boasting of mine, I am not speaking as the Lord would, but as a fool.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:17 | Homilies on Numbers 16.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 2 Cor 11:17 | Commentary on Romans 8.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 2 Cor 11:17 | Church History 7.11.2 · Eusebius of Caesarea | echo, medium confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| 2 Cor 11:17 | Oration 33.13 · Gregory of Nazianzus | echo, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 2 Cor 11:17 | Oration 37.5 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 2 Cor 11:17 | Oration 42.12 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 2 Cor 11:17 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:17 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:17 | On the Christian Faith 5.11 · Ambrose | echo, medium confidence | ca. 378–380 |
2 Corinthians 11:18
Since many are boasting according to the flesh, I too will boast.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:18 | Commentary on Romans 8.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 2 Cor 11:18 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:18 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:18 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:21 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
2 Corinthians 11:19
For you gladly put up with fools, since you are so wise.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:19 | To Autolycus 3.4 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| 2 Cor 11:19–21 | Moral Rules (Moralia) 70 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-370 |
| 2 Cor 11:19 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:19–20 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
2 Corinthians 11:20
In fact, you even put up with anyone who enslaves you or exploits you or takes advantage of you or exalts himself or strikes you in the face.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:20 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 60 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| 2 Cor 11:20 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 62 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| 2 Cor 11:20 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:19–20 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:20–21 | The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 1.19 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 393–396 |
2 Corinthians 11:21
To my shame I concede that we were too weak for that! Speaking as a fool, however, I can match what anyone else dares to boast about.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:21 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 60 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| 2 Cor 11:21 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:21 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:21 | On the Governance of God 3.19 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
2 Corinthians 11:22
Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:22 | On First Principles 2.4.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| 2 Cor 11:22 | PG 12:1629 (Ps 122–123 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 2 Cor 11:22 | Commentary on Romans 8.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 2 Cor 11:22 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:21 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:22 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 30.25.3 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
2 Corinthians 11:23
Are they servants of Christ? (I am speaking as if I were out of my mind.) I am so much more: in harder labor, in more imprisonments, in worse beatings, in frequent danger of death.
2 Corinthians 11:24
Five times I received from the Jews the forty lashes minus one.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:24 | On Prayer 29.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| 2 Cor 11:24 | Homilies on Jeremiah 11.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| 2 Cor 11:24 | Tractates on the Psalms 128.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| 2 Cor 11:24 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:24 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:24 | Letter 22.40 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 2 Cor 11:24 | Homilies on Matthew 61.5 · John Chrysostom | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390 |
| 2 Cor 11:24 | Sermon 70.1 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| 2 Cor 11:24 | City of God 18.52 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | 413–426 |
| 2 Cor 11:24 | On the Governance of God 3.19 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
2 Corinthians 11:25
Three times I was beaten with rods, once I was stoned, three times I was shipwrecked. I spent a night and a day in the open sea.
2 Corinthians 11:26
In my frequent journeys, I have been in danger from rivers and from bandits, in danger from my countrymen and from the Gentiles, in danger in the city and in the country, in danger on the sea and among false brothers,
2 Corinthians 11:27
in labor and toil and often without sleep, in hunger and thirst and often without food, in cold and exposure.
2 Corinthians 11:28
Apart from these external trials, I face daily the pressure of my concern for all the churches.
2 Corinthians 11:29
Who is weak, and I am not weak? Who is led into sin, and I do not burn with grief?
2 Corinthians 11:30
If I must boast, I will boast of the things that show my weakness.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:30 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:30 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
2 Corinthians 11:31
The God and Father of the Lord Jesus, who is forever worthy of praise, knows that I am not lying.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:31 | Defence against the Arians 34 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 349–357 |
| 2 Cor 11:31 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:31 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 2 Cor 11:31 | The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 1.17 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 393–396 |
| 2 Cor 11:31 | On Christian Doctrine 4.7 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
2 Corinthians 11:32
In Damascus, the governor under King Aretas secured the city of the Damascenes in order to arrest me.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Cor 11:32 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.49 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| 2 Cor 11:32 | Defence of His Flight 10 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357 |
| 2 Cor 11:32 | Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11:32–33 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
2 Corinthians 11:33
But I was lowered in a basket through a window in the wall and escaped his grasp.