Isaiah 7 in the early church
[Vulgate: Isaias]
347 passages quote, allude to, or echo Isaiah 7, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 4 · 6 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 23 · 24 · 25
Isaiah 7:1
Now in the days that Ahaz son of Jotham, the son of Uzziah, was king of Judah, Rezin king of Aram marched up to wage war against Jerusalem. He was accompanied by Pekah son of Remaliah the king of Israel, but he could not overpower the city.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:1–9 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.19 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:1–2 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.42 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 7:2
When it was reported to the house of David that Aram was in league with Ephraim, the hearts of Ahaz and his people trembled like trees in the forest shaken by the wind.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:2 | Catechetical Lecture 16.13 · Cyril of Jerusalem | quotation, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Isa 7:2 | Letters to Serapion 1.8 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Isa 7:2 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.38.3 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Isaiah 7:4
and say to him: Calm down and be quiet. Do not be afraid or disheartened over these two smoldering stubs of firewood—over the fierce anger of Rezin and Aram and of the son of Remaliah.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:4 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.100 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 7:6
‘Let us invade Judah, terrorize it, and divide it among ourselves. Then we can install the son of Tabeal over it as king.’
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:6 | Oration 25.12 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
Isaiah 7:8
For the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin. Within sixty-five years Ephraim will be shattered as a people.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:8 | Demonstration 2.8 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
Isaiah 7:9
The head of Ephraim is Samaria, and the head of Samaria is the son of Remaliah. If you do not stand firm in your faith, then you will not stand at all.’”
Isaiah 7:10
Again the LORD spoke to Ahaz, saying,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:10 | Dialogue with Trypho 43.5 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 7:10 | Dialogue with Trypho 66.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 7:10 | Against Heresies 3.21.4 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Isa 7:10 | Homily on Isaiah 2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
| Isa 7:10–14 | Against Celsus 1.34 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Isa 7:10–15 | To Quirinus 2.9 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Isa 7:10 | Prophetic Extracts 4.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Isa 7:10 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 22 · Evagrius of Gaul | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
Isaiah 7:11
“Ask for a sign from the LORD your God, whether from the depths of Sheol or the heights of heaven.”
Isaiah 7:12
But Ahaz replied, “I will not ask; I will not test the LORD.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 43.5 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 7:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 66.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 7:12 | Against Heresies 3.21.4 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Isa 7:12 | Homily on Isaiah 2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
| Isa 7:12 | Prophetic Extracts 4.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Isa 7:12 | Ancoratus 32.8 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374 |
| Isa 7:12 | On the Christian Faith 5.19 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Isa 7:12 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 22 · Evagrius of Gaul | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Isa 7:12 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.38.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Isaiah 7:13
Then Isaiah said, “Hear now, O house of David! Is it not enough to try the patience of men? Will you try the patience of my God as well?
Isaiah 7:14
Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, the virgin will be with child and give birth to a son, and will call Him Immanuel.
Isaiah 7:15
By the time He knows enough to reject evil and choose good, He will be eating curds and honey.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:15 | Dialogue with Trypho 43.5 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 7:15 | Dialogue with Trypho 66.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 7:15 | The Instructor 1.6.52 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Isa 7:15 | Against Heresies 3.18.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Isa 7:15 | Against Heresies 3.21.4 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Isa 7:15 | Against Marcion 3.13 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Isa 7:15 | On First Principles 4.2.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Isa 7:15 | On First Principles 4.4.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Isa 7:15 | Homily on Isaiah 2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
| Isa 7:15 | Homilies on Exodus 4.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Isa 7:15 | Lines 405–428 · Commodian | quotation, high confidence | 3rd century (disputed) |
| Isa 7:15 | Prophetic Extracts 4.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Isa 7:15–16 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.37 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:15 | Sermon on Baptism 3 · Pacian of Barcelona | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-390 |
| Isa 7:15 | Letter 66.10 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Isa 7:15 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 24 · Evagrius of Gaul | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Isa 7:15 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 26 · Evagrius of Gaul | allusion, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Isa 7:15 | Poem 24, lines 509–540 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
Isaiah 7:16
For before the boy knows enough to reject evil and choose good, the land of the two kings you dread will be laid waste.
Isaiah 7:17
The LORD will bring on you and on your people and on the house of your father a time unlike any since the day Ephraim separated from Judah—He will bring the king of Assyria.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:17 | Dialogue with Trypho 43.6 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 7:17 | Dialogue with Trypho 66.3 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
Isaiah 7:18
On that day the LORD will whistle to the flies at the farthest streams of the Nile and to the bees in the land of Assyria.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:18–20 | Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.89 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:18–21 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.53 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:18–20 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.57 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:18 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.60 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:18 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.78 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:18 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 4 · Eucherius of Lyon | quotation, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
Isaiah 7:19
And they will all come and settle in the steep ravines and clefts of the rocks, in all the thornbushes and watering holes.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:19–20 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.79 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 7:20
On that day the Lord will use a razor hired from beyond the Euphrates—the king of Assyria—to shave your head and the hair of your legs, and to remove your beard as well.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:20 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.64 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:20 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.67 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:20 | Letter 70.2 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Isaiah 7:21
On that day a man will raise a young cow and two sheep,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:21–22 | Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.87 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:21–22 | Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.90 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:21–22 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.58 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:21–22 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.74 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:21–22 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.85 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 7:23
And on that day, in every place that had a thousand vines worth a thousand shekels of silver, only briers and thorns will be found.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:23–25 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.59 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:23–24 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.77 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:23–25 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.89 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 7:24
Men will go there with bow and arrow, for the land will be covered with briers and thorns.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:24 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.81 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 7:25
For fear of the briers and thorns, you will no longer traverse the hills once tilled by the hoe; they will become places for oxen to graze and sheep to trample.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 7:25 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.86 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:25 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.87 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 7:25 | Demonstration of the Gospel 7.1.94 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |