Interpretation of the Psalms 77.1–77.69
Greek text: PG 80.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 77
77.1PG 80 80:1483
« Συνέσεως τῷ ᾿Ασάφ. » Τὸν παλαιὸν δεδωκὼς νόμον ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ, προσέταξε τοῦτον διηνεκῶς ἐκπαιδεύεσθαι, καὶ τὰ τέκνα διδάσκειν · καὶ μὲν δὴ καὶ τῶν ἑορτῶν τὰς αἰτίας, τοῖς ἐκγόνοις ὑποδεικνύναι, ὡς ἂν τὰς θείας εὐεργεσίας μανθάνοντες, εὐγνώμονες γένοιντο περὶ τὸν τὰ τοιαῦτα κεχαρισμένον. « Διδάξεις γὰρ αὐτὰ, φησὶ, τοὺς υἱούς σου, καὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς τῶν υἱῶν σου, καὶ φυλάξουσι τὰς ἐντολὰς Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἵνα εὖ αὐτοῖς γένηται. » Τοῦτο πεποίηκεν ἡ προφητική χάρις, καὶ διὰ τοῦ προκειμένου ψαλμοῦ· ἀναμιμνήσκει γὰρ τὸν λαὸν, καὶ τοὺς τούτων ἐκγόνους, τῶν τε ὑπὸ Θεοῦ γεγενημένων, καὶ τῶν παρασχεθέντων ἀγαθῶν, καὶ τῶν ταῦτα δεξαμένων τὴν ἀχάριστον γνώμην. « Προσέχετε, λαός μου, τὸν νόμον μου. » Ἐπιμελῶς ὑμᾶς ἀκοῦσαι τῶν λεγομένων παρεγγυῶ· οἷον γάρ τινα νόμον ὑμῖν τὴν προκειμένην προσφέρω παραίνεσιν. « Κλίνατε τὸ οὖς ὑμῶν εἰς τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ στόματός μου. » Προθύμως τῶν παρ᾿ ἐμοῦ λεγομένων ἀκούσατε.
« Syneseōs tǭ ᾿Asaph. » Ton palaion dedōkōs nomon ho tōn holōn Theos tois huiois Israēl, prosetaxe touton diēnekōs ekpaideuesthai, kai ta tekna didaskein ; kai men dē kai tōn heortōn tas aitias, tois ekgonois hypodeiknynai, hōs an tas theias euergesias manthanontes, eugnōmones genointo peri ton ta toiauta kecharismenon. « Didaxeis gar auta, phēsi, tous huious sou, kai tous huious tōn huiōn sou, kai phylaxousi tas entolas Kyriou tou Theou, hina eu autois genētai. » Touto pepoiēken hē prophētikē charis, kai dia tou prokeimenou psalmou; anamimnēskei gar ton laon, kai tous toutōn ekgonous, tōn te hypo Theou gegenēmenōn, kai tōn paraschethentōn agathōn, kai tōn tauta dexamenōn tēn achariston gnōmēn. « Prosechete, laos mou, ton nomon mou. » Epimelōs hymas akousai tōn legomenōn parengyō; hoion gar tina nomon hymin tēn prokeimenēn prospherō parainesin. « Klinate to ous hymōn eis ta rhēmata tou stomatos mou. » Prothymōs tōn par᾿ emou legomenōn akousate.
"Of understanding; of Asaph." The God of all, having given the old law to the sons of Israel, commanded that they be constantly instructed in it and teach it to their children, and indeed show their descendants the reasons for the feasts, so that, learning the divine benefits, they might be grateful to the one who had granted such things. "For you shall teach them," he says, "to your sons and your sons' sons, and they will keep the commandments of the Lord God, that it may go well with them." The prophetic grace has done this through the present psalm too; for it reminds the people and their descendants of what God did, of the good things given, and of the ungrateful mind of those who received them. "Attend, my people, to my law." "I charge you to listen carefully to what is said; for I bring you the present exhortation as a kind of law." "Incline your ear to the words of my mouth." "Listen eagerly to what I say."
Ps 78:1 (77:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Deut 4:9 (quotation, medium confidence) · Deut 6:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · Deut 6:7 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78, title and verse 1: as the law commanded, the psalm teaches later generations God's benefits and their fathers' ingratitude.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.1 (PG 80 80:1483; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.2PG 80 80:1483
« ᾿Ανοίξω ἐν παραβολαῖς τὸ στόμα μου· φθέγξομαι προβλήματα ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς. » Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ τὴν τῶν πατέρων ἐποιεῖτο κατηγορίαν εἰς ὠφέλειαν τῶν παίδων, παραβολὴν ἐκάλεσε τὴν τοιαύτην διήγησιν, αἰνιγματώδη οὖσαν, καὶ κεκρυμμένην τὴν ὠφέλειαν προσφέρουσαν. Προστέθεικε δὲ, ὅτι καὶ ἀρχαῖα προσφέρει προβλήματα. Καὶ διδάσκων πόθεν ταῦτα μεμάθηκεν, ἐπήγαγεν·
« ᾿Anoixō en parabolais to stoma mou; phthenxomai problēmata ap᾿ archēs. » Epeidē gar tēn tōn paterōn epoieito katēgorian eis ōpheleian tōn paidōn, parabolēn ekalese tēn toiautēn diēgēsin, ainigmatōdē ousan, kai kekrymmenēn tēn ōpheleian prospherousan. Prostetheike de, hoti kai archaia prospherei problēmata. Kai didaskōn pothen tauta memathēken, epēgagen;
"I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter problems from the beginning." Since he was making an accusation of the fathers for the benefit of the children, he called such a narrative a parable, since it is riddling and brings a hidden benefit. He added that he brings ancient problems too. And teaching where he learned them, he added:
Ps 78:2 (77:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:2: the history of the fathers is told as a parable bearing hidden benefit.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip; split word (OCR)): ᾿Ανοίξωξὲν παραβολαῖς → ᾿Ανοίξω ἐν παραβολαῖς; φθέγα ξομαι → φθέγξομαι.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.2 (PG 80 80:1483; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.3PG 80 80:1483
« Ὅσα ἠκούσαμεν καὶ ἔγνωμεν αὐτά.» Εἶτα τοὺς τούτων διδασκάλους ὑπέδειξε. • Καὶ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν διηγήσαντο ἡμῖν. Οὐκ ἐκρύβη ἀπὸ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῶν εἰς γενεὰν ἑτέραν, ἀπαγγέλλοντες τὰς αἰνέσεις τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ τὰς δυναστείας αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰ θαυμάσια αὐτοῦ ἃ ἐποίησε. » "Ανωθεν, φησὶ, καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς οἱ τῶν θαυμάτων αὐτόπται τοὺς οἰκείους ταῦτα ἐδίδαξαν παῖδας, κἀκεῖνοι πάλιν τοῖς ἐκγόνοις τήνδε τὴν διδασκαλίαν παρέπεμψαν. Τοῦτο δέ, φησὶν, ἐποίουν τῷ θείῳ πειθόμενοι νόμῳ. Τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγε ·
« Hosa ēkousamen kai egnōmen auta.» Eita tous toutōn didaskalous hypedeixe. • Kai hoi pateres hēmōn diēgēsanto hēmin. Ouk ekrybē apo tōn teknōn autōn eis genean heteran, apangellontes tas aineseis tou Kyriou, kai tas dynasteias autou, kai ta thaumasia autou ha epoiēse. » "Anōthen, phēsi, kai ex archēs hoi tōn thaumatōn autoptai tous oikeious tauta edidaxan paidas, kakeinoi palin tois ekgonois tēnde tēn didaskalian parepempsan. Touto de, phēsin, epoioun tǭ theiǭ peithomenoi nomǭ. Touto gar epēgage ;
"What we have heard and known." Then he points out their teachers: "And our fathers told us. It was not hidden from their children to another generation, proclaiming the praises of the Lord, and his mighty acts, and the wonders he did." "From of old and from the beginning," he says, "the eyewitnesses of the miracles taught them to their own children, and they in turn handed this teaching on to their descendants. They did this," he says, "obeying the divine law." For he added:
Ps 78:3 (77:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:4 (77:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:3-4: the fathers handed down the story of God's wonders from generation to generation.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): τήνδε δε τὴν διδασκαλίαν → τήνδε τὴν διδασκαλίαν; Τοῦτο δὲσε, φησὶν → Τοῦτο δέ, φησὶν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.3 (PG 80 80:1483; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.5PG 80 80:1485
« Καὶ ἀνέστησε μαρτύριον ἐν Ἰακώβ, καὶ νόμον ἔθετο ἐν Ἰσραήλ. » Μαρτύριον καλεῖ τὴν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ παγεῖσαν σκηνὴν, ὡς ἔχουσαν τὰς πλάκας τοῦ μαρτυρίου. Τὸν γὰρ νόμον, ὡς ἤδη προειρήκαμεν, καὶ ἐντολὰς καλεῖ, καὶ μαρτύρια, καὶ κρίματα, καὶ δικαιώματα · καὶ τοῦτο σαφέστερον ἡμῖν εἴρηται ἐν τῷ τη΄ ψαλμῷ. « Ὅσα ἐνετείλατο τοῖς πατράσιν ἡμῶν, τοῦ γνωρίσαι αὐτὰ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτῶν. » Τοῦτο, φησὶ, διὰ τῆς νομοθεσίας ἐκείνης παρεκελεύσατο, ὥστε καθάπερ τινὰ κλῆρον, τὴν τῶν θαυμάτων διήγησιν παραπέμψαι τοὺς πατέρας εἰς τοὺς ἐκγόνους.
« Kai anestēse martyrion en Iakōb, kai nomon etheto en Israēl. » Martyrion kalei tēn en tę̄ erēmǭ pageisan skēnēn, hōs echousan tas plakas tou martyriou. Ton gar nomon, hōs ēdē proeirēkamen, kai entolas kalei, kai martyria, kai krimata, kai dikaiōmata ; kai touto saphesteron hēmin eirētai en tǭ tē΄ psalmǭ. « Hosa eneteilato tois patrasin hēmōn, tou gnōrisai auta tois huiois autōn. » Touto, phēsi, dia tēs nomothesias ekeinēs parekeleusato, hōste kathaper tina klēron, tēn tōn thaumatōn diēgēsin parapempsai tous pateras eis tous ekgonous.
"And he raised up a testimony in Jacob and set a law in Israel." He calls the tabernacle pitched in the desert a "testimony," as holding the tablets of the testimony. For, as we have said before, he calls the law commandments, testimonies, judgments, and ordinances; and this was said more clearly by us on the eighteenth psalm. "All that he commanded our fathers, to make them known to their sons." "Through that legislation," he says, "he commanded that the fathers hand down the narrative of the miracles to their descendants like an inheritance."
Ps 78:5 (77:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 25:16 (allusion, medium confidence) · Ps 19:7 (18:8 LXX) (allusion, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:5: God gave the law and the tabernacle of testimony and commanded the fathers to teach their sons.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): τοὺς ἐκ-· γόνους → τοὺς ἐκγόνους.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.5 (PG 80 80:1485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.6PG 80 80:1485
«Ὅπως ἂν γνῷ γενεὰ ἑτέρα, υἱοὶ οἱ τεχθησόμενοι καὶ ἀναστήσονται, καὶ ἀπαγγελοῦσιν αὐτὰ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτῶν. » Οὕτω γὰρ οὗτοι παρὰ τῶν πατέρων ταῦτα μεμαθηκότες, πάλιν τοῖς ἐξ αὐτῶν τὴν αὐτὴν διδασκαλίαν προσέφερον, καὶ ἄληστος ἡ τούτων διεφυλάττετο μνήμη · καὶ τίς ὁ τῆς διδασκαλίας καρπός;
«Hopōs an gnǭ genea hetera, huioi hoi techthēsomenoi kai anastēsontai, kai apangelousin auta tois huiois autōn. » Houtō gar houtoi para tōn paterōn tauta memathēkotes, palin tois ex autōn tēn autēn didaskalian prosepheron, kai alēstos hē toutōn diephylatteto mnēmē ; kai tis ho tēs didaskalias karpos?
"That another generation might know, sons who would be born, and they would rise and proclaim them to their sons." "For in this way these, having learned these things from their fathers, again brought the same teaching to their own children, and the memory of them was kept unforgotten." And what is the fruit of the teaching?
Ps 78:6 (77:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:6: each generation was to pass on the memory of God's deeds to the next.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip): Θὕτω γὰρ → Οὕτω γὰρ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.6 (PG 80 80:1485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.7PG 80 80:1485
« Ἵνα θῶνται ἐπὶ τὸν Θεὸν τὴν ἐλπίδα αὑτῶν· καὶ μὴ ἐπιλάθωνται τῶν ἔργων αὐτοῦ , καὶ τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ ἐκζητήσωσι. » Μανθάνοντες γὰρ τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ δύναμιν, καὶ ὅπως αὐτῷ τὰ ἀγαθὰ ποιεῖν ἅπαντα ῥάδιον, βεβαίαν κτήσονται τὴν εἰς αὐτὸν ἐλπίδα· καὶ τοῖς ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ τεθεῖσιν ἀκολουθήσουσι νόμοις.
« Hina thōntai epi ton Theon tēn elpida hautōn; kai mē epilathōntai tōn ergōn autou , kai tas entolas autou ekzētēsōsi. » Manthanontes gar tēn tou Theou dynamin, kai hopōs autǭ ta agatha poiein hapanta rhadion, bebaian ktēsontai tēn eis auton elpida; kai tois hyp᾿ autou tetheisin akolouthēsousi nomois.
"That they might set their hope on God, and not forget his works, and seek out his commandments." "For, learning God's power and how easy it is for him to do all good things, they will acquire firm hope in him and follow the laws he laid down."
Ps 78:7 (77:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:7: the purpose of the teaching is hope in God and obedience to his commandments.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): τὰς ἐν τολὰς → τὰς ἐντολὰς; Μανθάνοντες σε γὰρ → Μανθάνοντες γὰρ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.7 (PG 80 80:1485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.8PG 80 80:1485
« ἵνα μὴ γένωνται ὡς οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν, γενεὰ σκολιὰ καὶ παραπικραίνουσα. » Μανθάνοντες γὰρ τῶν πατέρων τὴν ἀχάριστον γνώμην, καὶ ὅπως τῇ παραβάσει τοῦ νόμου τὸν Θεὸν πολλάκις ἐκίνησαν εἰς ὀργὴν, τὴν ἐκείνων φυλάξονται μίμησιν. «Γενεὰ ἥτις οὐ κατεύθυνε τὴν καρδίαν αὐτῆς, καὶ οὐκ ἐπιστώθη μετὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτῆς. · Ἐκεῖνοι γὰρ βεβαίαν τὴν εἰς τὸν Θεὸν οὐκ ἐκτήσαντο πίστιν, τὴν εὐθεῖαν οὐκ ἐθελήσαντες πορείαν ὁδεῦσαι, ἀλλὰ γνώμην ἐσχηκότες τοῖς θείοις ἐναντιουμένην θεσμοῖς.
« hina mē genōntai hōs hoi pateres autōn, genea skolia kai parapikrainousa. » Manthanontes gar tōn paterōn tēn achariston gnōmēn, kai hopōs tę̄ parabasei tou nomou ton Theon pollakis ekinēsan eis orgēn, tēn ekeinōn phylaxontai mimēsin. «Genea hētis ou kateuthyne tēn kardian autēs, kai ouk epistōthē meta tou Theou to pneuma autēs. ; Ekeinoi gar bebaian tēn eis ton Theon ouk ektēsanto pistin, tēn eutheian ouk ethelēsantes poreian hodeusai, alla gnōmēn eschēkotes tois theiois enantioumenēn thesmois.
"That they might not become like their fathers, a crooked and embittering generation." "For, learning the ungrateful mind of their fathers and how by transgressing the law they often moved God to anger, they will guard against imitating them." "A generation that did not set its heart straight, and whose spirit was not faithful with God." "For those men did not acquire firm faith in God, not wishing to walk the straight road, but having a mind opposed to the divine ordinances."
Ps 78:8 (77:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:8: the children are to learn from their fathers' ingratitude and unfaithfulness so as not to imitate them.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR); stray word (OCR)): τὴν καρδίαν αὐτῆς δ', → τὴν καρδίαν αὐτῆς,; βεβαίαν δὲ τὴν εἰς → βεβαίαν τὴν εἰς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.8 (PG 80 80:1485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.9PG 80 80:1485
« Υἱοὶ Ἐφραὶμ ἐντείνοντες καὶ βάλλοντες τόξοις, ἐστράφησαν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ πολέμου. » Τῆς τοῦ Ἐφραὶμ φυλῆς διαφερόντως κατηγορεῖ, ὡς περὶ πολλοῦ ποιησαμένης τῶν εἰδώλων τὴν θεραπείαν· τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ἡ τῶν Κριτῶν ἡμᾶς ἱστορία διδάσκει, καὶ ἡ τρίτη τῶν Βασιλειῶν. Αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἔστησαν τὰς δαμάλεις· καὶ τῆς κατὰ νόμον λατρείας ἀπέστησαν τὰς ἐννέα φυλάς· καὶ οὕτω τῆς ἀποστάσεως ἐγένοντο πρόξενοι. Τοῦτο μάλιστα προορῶσα τοῦ Πνεύματος ἡ χάρις, τῆς μηδέπω γεγενημένης ἁμαρτίας κατηγορεῖ· τὴν ἁρμόττουσαν αὐτοῖς προσφέρουσα συμβουλήν· εἰδυῖα μὲν, ὡς οὐ δέξονται τὴν παραίνεσιν, τὴν προσήκουσαν δὲ ὅμως ὠφέλειαν προσφέρουσα. Διδάξασα δὲ αὐτῶν τὴν ῥώμην, καὶ τὴν τοξικὴν ἐπιστήμην, ἐλέγχει καὶ τὴν δειλίαν. Ἐστράφησαν γὰρ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ πολέμου· μεγάλα γὰρ ἐπὶ τῇ πολεμικῇ ἐμπειρίᾳ φρονοῦντες, πολέμου φανέντος ἐτρέποντο εἰς φυγήν.
« Huioi Ephraim enteinontes kai ballontes toxois, estraphēsan en hēmerą polemou. » Tēs tou Ephraim phylēs diapherontōs katēgorei, hōs peri pollou poiēsamenēs tōn eidōlōn tēn therapeian; touto gar kai hē tōn Kritōn hēmas historia didaskei, kai hē tritē tōn Basileiōn. Autoi gar estēsan tas damaleis; kai tēs kata nomon latreias apestēsan tas ennea phylas; kai houtō tēs apostaseōs egenonto proxenoi. Touto malista proorōsa tou Pneumatos hē charis, tēs mēdepō gegenēmenēs hamartias katēgorei; tēn harmottousan autois prospherousa symboulēn; eiduia men, hōs ou dexontai tēn parainesin, tēn prosēkousan de homōs ōpheleian prospherousa. Didaxasa de autōn tēn rhōmēn, kai tēn toxikēn epistēmēn, elenchei kai tēn deilian. Estraphēsan gar en hēmerą polemou; megala gar epi tę̄ polemikę̄ empeirią phronountes, polemou phanentos etreponto eis phygēn.
"The sons of Ephraim, bending and shooting bows, turned back in the day of battle." He accuses the tribe of Ephraim especially, as one that made much of the worship of idols. The history of the Judges teaches us this, and the third book of Kingdoms. For they set up the heifers, drew the nine tribes away from the worship of the law, and so became the cause of the apostasy. The grace of the Spirit, foreseeing this especially, accuses a sin not yet committed, offering them the advice that suited them; knowing that they would not accept the exhortation, yet offering the fitting help all the same. Having shown their strength and their skill in archery, it also exposes their cowardice. For they turned back in the day of battle: thinking highly of their experience in war, when war appeared they were put to flight.
Ps 78:9 (77:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Judg 17:5 (allusion, low confidence) · 1 Kgs 12:28 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:9: Ephraim, though skilled archers, fled in battle; the psalm foresees their later idolatry and the schism of the northern tribes.
- "Third book of Kingdoms" is 1 Kings (Jeroboam's calves, 1 Kgs 12:28-30).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): τὰς δα. μάλεις → τὰς δαμάλεις; Ἑστράφησαν γὰρει ἐν → Ἐστράφησαν γὰρ ἐν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.9 (PG 80 80:1485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.10PG 80 80:1487
« Οὐκ ἐφύλαξαν τὴν διαθήκην τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐβουλήθησαν πορεύεσθαι. » Καλῶς ἐνέφηνε τὸ τῆς γνώμης αὐθαίρετον. Οὐκ ἐβουλήθησαν γὰρ, φησὶ, κατὰ νόμον βιῶναι, οὐδὲ τὴν ἔννομον ἀσπάσασθαι πολιτείαν.
« Ouk ephylaxan tēn diathēkēn tou Theou, kai en tǭ nomǭ autou ouk eboulēthēsan poreuesthai. » Kalōs enephēne to tēs gnōmēs authaireton. Ouk eboulēthēsan gar, phēsi, kata nomon biōnai, oude tēn ennomon aspasasthai politeian.
"They did not keep the covenant of God, and they would not walk in his law." He rightly brought out the free choice of the will: "They would not," he says, "live according to the law or embrace the lawful way of life."
Ps 78:10 (77:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:10: Israel freely chose not to keep God's covenant and law.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ἐβουλήθησαν σε πορεύεσθαι → ἐβουλήθησαν πορεύεσθαι.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.10 (PG 80 80:1487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-10
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.11PG 80 80:1487
« Καὶ ἐπελάθοντο τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν θαυμασίων αὐτοῦ, ὧν ἔδειξεν αὐτοῖς. » Καὶ δεικνὺς πότε ταῦτα εἰργάσατο, ἐπήγαγεν ·
« Kai epelathonto tōn euergesiōn autou kai tōn thaumasiōn autou, hōn edeixen autois. » Kai deiknys pote tauta eirgasato, epēgagen ;
"And they forgot his benefits and his wonders, which he showed them." And showing when he did these things, he added:
Ps 78:11 (77:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:11: Israel forgot God's benefits and wonders.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): αὐτοῦ σε καὶ τῶν → αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.11 (PG 80 80:1487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.12PG 80 80:1487
« Ἐναντίον τῶν πατέρων αὐτῶν ἐποίησε θαυμάσια, » Εἶτα τὸν χρόνον καὶ τὸν τόπον διδάσκει · · Ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, ἐν πεδίῳ Τάνεως. » Ταύτας ἅπαντες τοῦ Θεοῦ τὰς θαυματουργίας, τὰς ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ γεγενημένας, ὧν οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν αὐτόπται γεγένηνται, τῆς μνήμης ἐξέβαλον.
« Enantion tōn paterōn autōn epoiēse thaumasia, » Eita ton chronon kai ton topon didaskei ; ; En gę̄ Aigyptǭ, en pediǭ Taneōs. » Tautas hapantes tou Theou tas thaumatourgias, tas en Aigyptǭ gegenēmenas, hōn hoi pateres autōn autoptai gegenēntai, tēs mnēmēs exebalon.
"Before their fathers he did wonders." Then he teaches the time and the place: "In the land of Egypt, in the plain of Tanis." All these wonders of God done in Egypt, of which their fathers were eyewitnesses, they cast out of memory.
Ps 78:12 (77:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:12: they forgot the wonders done before their fathers' eyes in Egypt.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): αὐτῶν ὁ ἐποίησε θαυμάσια → αὐτῶν ἐποίησε θαυμάσια.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.12 (PG 80 80:1487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.13PG 80 80:1487
« Διέρρηξε θάλασσαν, καὶ διήγαγεν αὐτοὺς, παρέστησεν ὕδατα ὡσεὶ ἀσκόν. » Συντόμως ποιεῖται τὴν τῶν θαυμάτων διήγησιν, καὶ τὸ μέγιστον τῶν ἄλλων προέταξεν. Ὑπερφυὲς γάρ ἐστι τῆς θαλάσσης τὸ θαῦμα, καὶ ἡ διὰ ταύτης παρασχεθεῖσα πορεία. Τὴν γὰρ ἐπὶ τὸ πρανὲς χωρεῖν πεφυκυίαν τῶν ὑδάτων φύσιν ἔστησεν ἑκατέρωθεν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς, καθάπερ ἐν ἀσκῷ τινι καθείρξας τῷ λόγῳ. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἡ τῶν ἀσκῶν κατασκευή συνέχειν ἀκριβῶς τὴν ὑγρὰν δύναται φύσιν, εἰκότως ταύτην ἐπὶ τῆς διαιρεθείσης τέθεικε τὴν εἰκόνα, δεικνὺς τοῦ θείου λόγου τὴν δύναμιν.
« Dierrēxe thalassan, kai diēgagen autous, parestēsen hydata hōsei askon. » Syntomōs poieitai tēn tōn thaumatōn diēgēsin, kai to megiston tōn allōn proetaxen. Hyperphyes gar esti tēs thalassēs to thauma, kai hē dia tautēs paraschetheisa poreia. Tēn gar epi to pranes chōrein pephykuian tōn hydatōn physin estēsen hekaterōthen ho tōn holōn Theos, kathaper en askǭ tini katheirxas tǭ logǭ. Epeidē gar hē tōn askōn kataskeuē synechein akribōs tēn hygran dynatai physin, eikotōs tautēn epi tēs diairetheisēs tetheike tēn eikona, deiknys tou theiou logou tēn dynamin.
"He split the sea and led them through; he set the waters as in a wineskin." He gives the narrative of the miracles briefly and put the greatest of them first. For the miracle of the sea and the passage granted through it is beyond nature. The God of all made the nature of water, which is made to run downhill, stand on either side, as though shut up by his word in a wineskin. Since wineskins are made to hold liquid securely, he rightly used this image for the divided sea, showing the power of the divine word.
Ps 78:13 (77:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 14:22 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:13: God held the divided sea in place by his word, as if in a wineskin.
- "As in a wineskin" follows the Septuagint (ὡσεὶ ἀσκόν).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip; split word (OCR)): τῆς θα λάσσης → τῆς θαλάσσης; ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὺς → ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.13 (PG 80 80:1487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-13
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.14PG 80 80:1487
« Καὶ ὡδήγησεν αὐτοὺς ἐν νεφέλῃ ἡμέρας, καὶ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα ἐν φωτισμῷ πυρός. » Ἡ γὰρ αὐτὴ νεφέλη μεθ᾽ ἡμέραν μὲν τὸ τῆς ἀκτῖνος λυπηρόν ἀπεκρούετο, νύκτωρ δὲ τοῦ πυρὸς παρείχε τὴν χρείαν.
« Kai hōdēgēsen autous en nephelę̄ hēmeras, kai holēn tēn nykta en phōtismǭ pyros. » Hē gar autē nephelē meth᾽ hēmeran men to tēs aktinos lypēron apekroueto, nyktōr de tou pyros pareiche tēn chreian.
"And he led them with a cloud by day, and all the night with the light of fire." For the same cloud by day warded off the harshness of the sun's ray and by night served as fire.
Ps 78:14 (77:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 13:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:14: the same cloud shaded them by day and gave fire by night.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.14 (PG 80 80:1487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-14
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.15PG 80 80:1487
« Διέρρηξε πέτραν ἐν ἐρήμῳ, καὶ ἐπότισεν αὐτοὺς ὡς ἐν ἀβύσσῳ πολλῇ. » Οὐ γὰρ βραχεῖαν ἀνεξήγαγε λιβάδα, ἀλλὰ ταῖς πολλαῖς ἐκείναις μυριάσιν ἀρκοῦσαν πηγήν. Καὶ τοῦτο σαφέστερον, διὰ τῶν ἐπαγομένων ἐδίδαξε.
« Dierrēxe petran en erēmǭ, kai epotisen autous hōs en abyssǭ pollę̄. » Ou gar bracheian anexēgage libada, alla tais pollais ekeinais myriasin arkousan pēgēn. Kai touto saphesteron, dia tōn epagomenōn edidaxe.
"He split a rock in the desert and gave them drink as from a great deep." "For he did not bring out a little trickle, but a spring sufficient for those many tens of thousands." And he taught this more clearly by what follows.
Ps 78:15 (77:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 17:6 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:15: water from the rock was enough for the whole multitude.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.15 (PG 80 80:1487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-15
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.16PG 80 80:1487
« Καὶ ἐξήγαγεν ὕδωρ ἐκ πέτρας, καὶ κατήγαγεν ὡς ποταμοὺς ὕδατα. » Τὸ γὰρ ἀναβλυσθὲν ὕδωρ εἰς πολλοὺς ὀχετοὺς διῃρέθη, εὐμαρῆ καὶ φιλότιμον παρέχον τοῖς διψῶσι τὴν χάριν. «Καὶ προσέθεντο ἔτι τοῦ ἁμαρτάνειν αὐτῷ· παρεπίκραναν τὸν Ὕψιστον ἐν ἀνύδρῳ. Καὶ ἐξεπείρασαν τὸν Θεὸν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν, τοῦ αἰτῆσαι βρώματα ταῖς ψυχαῖς αὐτῶν. » ᾿Αλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲ τοῦτο τῆς γνώμης αὐτῶν τὴν πονηρίαν ἐξέβαλεν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπέμειναν τὴν τῆς ἀχαριστίας περικείμενοι νόσον · καὶ μετὰ τοσαύτας εὐεργεσίας πεῖραν λαβεῖν ἠβούλοντο τῆς θείας δυνάμεως, καὶ τροφῆς δεηθέντες, οὐ λαβεῖν τὴν χρείαν ἐζήτησαν, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς ἀδυνάτου τοῦ Θεοῦ κατηγόρησαν.
« Kai exēgagen hydōr ek petras, kai katēgagen hōs potamous hydata. » To gar anablysthen hydōr eis pollous ochetous dię̄rethē, eumarē kai philotimon parechon tois dipsōsi tēn charin. «Kai prosethento eti tou hamartanein autǭ; parepikranan ton Hypsiston en anydrǭ. Kai exepeirasan ton Theon en tais kardiais autōn, tou aitēsai brōmata tais psychais autōn. » ᾿All' homōs oude touto tēs gnōmēs autōn tēn ponērian exebalen, all᾽ epemeinan tēn tēs acharistias perikeimenoi noson ; kai meta tosautas euergesias peiran labein ēboulonto tēs theias dynameōs, kai trophēs deēthentes, ou labein tēn chreian ezētēsan, all᾿ hōs adynatou tou Theou katēgorēsan.
"And he brought water out of a rock and brought down waters like rivers." For the water that gushed up was divided into many channels, giving the thirsty an easy and generous grace. "And they went on sinning still more against him; they embittered the Most High in a waterless place. And they tempted God in their hearts, by asking food for their souls." "Yet not even this drove the wickedness out of their minds; they persisted, clothed in the disease of ingratitude, and after so many benefits wanted to put the divine power to the test; and needing food, they did not ask to receive what they needed, but accused God as though he were powerless."
Ps 78:16 (77:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:17 (77:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:18 (77:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:16-18: after the water from the rock, Israel still sinned, testing God by demanding food as if he could not provide it.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray letters (OCR); verse numbers leaked into the text (OCR)): ἀναβλυσθέν το ὕδωρ → ἀναβλυσθὲν ὕδωρ; τὴν χάριν. - ιζ', ιη΄. « → τὴν χάριν. «; ἐξεπεί ρασαν → ἐξεπείρασαν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.16 (PG 80 80:1487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-16
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.19PG 80 80:1489
« Καὶ κατελάλησαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ εἶπον· Μή δυνήσεται ὁ Θεὸς ἑτοιμάσαι τράπεζαν ἐν ἐρήμῳ; Ἐκεῖ ἐπάταξε πέτραν, καὶ ἐῤῥύησαν ὕδατα, καὶ χείμαῤῥοι κατεκλύσθησαν· μὴ καὶ ἄρτον δύναται δοῦναι, ἢ ἑτοιμάσαι τράπεζαν τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ; , Εὐπετὲς, φησὶ, τὸ τῶν ὑδάτων, καὶ ῥᾴδιον· τὸ γὰρ ἐν ταῖς λαγόσι κεκρυμμένον τῆς γῆς εἰς τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν ἀνεδόθη. Τὴν δὲ τοῦ ἄρτου τροφὴν, τὴν σπειρομένην, καὶ χρόνῳ φυομένην, πῶς ἂν ἡμῖν ἀθρόως παράσχοι, καὶ τὸν ἐπικείμενον ἐξελάσοι λιμόν;
« Kai katelalēsan tou Theou, kai eipon; Mē dynēsetai ho Theos hetoimasai trapezan en erēmǭ? Ekei epataxe petran, kai errhyēsan hydata, kai cheimarrhoi kateklysthēsan; mē kai arton dynatai dounai, ē hetoimasai trapezan tǭ laǭ autou? , Eupetes, phēsi, to tōn hydatōn, kai rhądion; to gar en tais lagosi kekrymmenon tēs gēs eis tēn epiphaneian anedothē. Tēn de tou artou trophēn, tēn speiromenēn, kai chronǭ phyomenēn, pōs an hēmin athroōs paraschoi, kai ton epikeimenon exelasoi limon?
"And they spoke against God and said, 'Can God prepare a table in the desert? He struck the rock, and waters flowed and torrents overflowed; can he also give bread or prepare a table for his people?'" "The matter of the water," they said, "is easy and simple; for what was hidden in the flanks of the earth was sent up to the surface. But the food of bread, which is sown and grows in time, how could he give it to us all at once and drive away the hunger pressing on us?"
Ps 78:19 (77:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:20 (77:20 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:19-20: Israel doubted that God, who gave water, could also give bread in the desert.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.19 (PG 80 80:1489; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-19
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.21PG 80 80:1489
« Διὰ τοῦτο ἤκουσε Κύριος, καὶ ἀνεβάλετο. καὶ πῦρ ἀνήφθη ἐν Ἰακώβ, καὶ ὀργὴ ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραήλ. - Οὗ δὴ χάριν ἀγανακτήσας ὁ τῶν ὅλων Κύριος, φησὶν, ἀνεβάλετο μὲν αὐτοῖς δοῦναι τὴν γῆν, τὴν τοῖς πατράσιν ἐπηγγελμένην, ταῖς δὲ παντοδαπαῖς τιμωρίαις ἐξέδωκεν. Οὐκ ἐπήγαγε δὲ αὐτοῖς τὸν ὄλεθρον σύντομον, τοὺς ἐκείνων παῖδας αὐξηθῆναι προσμένων. Μέμνηται δὲ τῆς διὰ τοῦ πυρὸς τιμωρίας τοῦ μακαρίου Μωσοῦ τὰ συγγράμματα. Ταύτην δὲ, φησὶν, ὑπέμειναν τὴν πληγήν,
« Dia touto ēkouse Kyrios, kai anebaleto. kai pyr anēphthē en Iakōb, kai orgē anebē epi ton Israēl. - Hou dē charin aganaktēsas ho tōn holōn Kyrios, phēsin, anebaleto men autois dounai tēn gēn, tēn tois patrasin epēngelmenēn, tais de pantodapais timōriais exedōken. Ouk epēgage de autois ton olethron syntomon, tous ekeinōn paidas auxēthēnai prosmenōn. Memnētai de tēs dia tou pyros timōrias tou makariou Mōsou ta syngrammata. Tautēn de, phēsin, hypemeinan tēn plēgēn,
"Therefore the Lord heard and put it off; and fire was kindled in Jacob, and anger went up against Israel." "For this reason the Lord of all, indignant, put off giving them the land promised to the fathers and handed them over to punishments of every kind." Yet he did not bring swift destruction on them, waiting for their children to grow up. The writings of the blessed Moses mention the punishment by fire. "They suffered this blow," he says,
Ps 78:21 (77:21 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 11:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 14:29 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:21: God, angered by their unbelief, delayed the gift of the land and punished them, sparing their children.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): Μωσοῦ το τὰ συγγράμματα → Μωσοῦ τὰ συγγράμματα.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.21 (PG 80 80:1489; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-21
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.22PG 80 80:1489
« Ὅτι οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν ἐν τῷ Θεῷ, οὐδὲ ἤλπισαν ἐπὶ τὸ σωτήριον αὐτοῦ. » ᾿Αλλ' ὅμως καὶ τοιούτοις οὖσι τὴν ἀγεώργητον παρέσχε τροφήν· τοῦτο γὰρ διδάσκει τὰ ἐπαγόμενα.
« Hoti ouk episteusan en tǭ Theǭ, oude ēlpisan epi to sōtērion autou. » ᾿All' homōs kai toioutois ousi tēn ageōrgēton paresche trophēn; touto gar didaskei ta epagomena.
"Because they did not believe in God, nor hope in his salvation." Yet even to such people he gave food that was not farmed; this is what follows teaches.
Ps 78:22 (77:22 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:22: they were punished for unbelief, yet God still fed them.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.22 (PG 80 80:1489; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-22
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.23PG 80 80:1489
« Καὶ ἐνετείλατο νεφέλαις ὑπεράνωθεν, καὶ θύρας οὐρανοῦ ἀνέῳξε. Καὶ ἔβρεξεν αὐτοῖς μάννα φαγεῖν. » Οὐ γὰρ τὰς συνήθεις ὠδῖνας αἱ νεφέλαι παρέσχον, ἀλλ᾿ ἀντὶ τοῦ ὑετοῦ τοῦ ἄρδειν πεφυκότος τὰ καταβαλλόμενα σπέρματα, τὴν θαυμασίαν τροφὴν ἀπεκύησαν. Θύρας δὲ οὐρανοῦ ἀνοιγείσας τὴν ἄνωθεν χορηγίαν ἐκάλεσε. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ τοῖς ταμιείοις ἐπιτιθέναι θύρας εἰώθαμεν, καὶ ταύτας ἀνοίγομεν ἐκφέρειν τι βουλόμενοι, δείκνυσιν ὁ προφητικός λόγος τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν, ὥσπερ ἀπό τινων ταμιείων, χορηγοῦντα τὸ μάννα. • Καὶ ἄρτον οὐρανοῦ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς. ῎Ἄρτον ἀγγέλων ἔφαγεν ἄνθρωπος. » Ἄρτον ἀγγέλων καλεῖ, ὡς δι᾽ ἀγγέλων χορηγηθέντα · ἄγγελοι γὰρ, ὡς ὑπὸ τῆς θείας Γραφῆς ἐδιδάχθημεν, τοῖς θείοις νεύμασιν ὑπουργοῦσι. Λέγει δὲ οὕτως ὁ θεῖος ᾿Απόστολος · • Οὐχὶ πάντες εἰσὶ λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα, εἰς διακονίαν ἀποστελλόμενα διὰ τοὺς μέλλοντας κληρονομεῖν σωτηρίαν; » Καὶ πάλιν· « Εἰ γὰρ ὁ δι᾽ ἀγγέλων λαληθεὶς λόγος ἐγένετο βέβαιος, » καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. Ἄρτον δὲ οὐρανοῦ ὡς ἄνωθεν ἐνεχθέντα καλεῖ. Καὶ τοὺς ἀεροπόρους γὰρ ὄρνιθας πετεινά οὐρανοῦ ἡ θεία προσαγορεύει Γραφή. · Ἐπισιτισμὸν ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοῖς, εἰς πλησμονήν.» Εἰς κόρον, φησί, ταύτης μετέδωκεν αὐτοῖς τῆς τροφῆς. Εἶτα καὶ τὴν τῶν κρεῶν διέξεισι χορηγίαν. « ᾿Απῆρε νότον ἐξ οὐρανοῦ· καὶ ἐπήγαγεν ἐν τῇ δυνάμει αὑτοῦ λίβα. Καὶ ἔβρεξεν ἐπ' αὐτοὺς ὡσεὶ χνοῦν σάρκας · καὶ ὡσεὶ ἄμμον θαλασσῶν, πετεινά πτερωτά. » Διὰ γὰρ τῶν ἀνέμων συνελάσας πανταχόθεν τῶν ὀρνίθων ἐκείνων τὸ γένος, καταπτῆναι προσέταξε παρὰ τὰς τούτων σκηνάς, αὐτόματον αὐτοῖς χαρισάμενος θήραν.
« Kai eneteilato nephelais hyperanōthen, kai thyras ouranou aneǭxe. Kai ebrexen autois manna phagein. » Ou gar tas synētheis ōdinas hai nephelai pareschon, all᾿ anti tou hyetou tou ardein pephykotos ta kataballomena spermata, tēn thaumasian trophēn apekyēsan. Thyras de ouranou anoigeisas tēn anōthen chorēgian ekalese. Epeidē gar tois tamieiois epitithenai thyras eiōthamen, kai tautas anoigomen ekpherein ti boulomenoi, deiknysin ho prophētikos logos ton tōn holōn Theon, hōsper apo tinōn tamieiōn, chorēgounta to manna. • Kai arton ouranou edōken autois. ᾿Arton angelōn ephagen anthrōpos. » Arton angelōn kalei, hōs di᾽ angelōn chorēgēthenta ; angeloi gar, hōs hypo tēs theias Graphēs edidachthēmen, tois theiois neumasin hypourgousi. Legei de houtōs ho theios ᾿Apostolos ; • Ouchi pantes eisi leitourgika pneumata, eis diakonian apostellomena dia tous mellontas klēronomein sōtērian? » Kai palin; « Ei gar ho di᾽ angelōn lalētheis logos egeneto bebaios, » kai ta hexēs. Arton de ouranou hōs anōthen enechthenta kalei. Kai tous aeroporous gar ornithas peteina ouranou hē theia prosagoreuei Graphē. ; Episitismon apesteilen autois, eis plēsmonēn.» Eis koron, phēsi, tautēs metedōken autois tēs trophēs. Eita kai tēn tōn kreōn diexeisi chorēgian. « ᾿Apēre noton ex ouranou; kai epēgagen en tę̄ dynamei hautou liba. Kai ebrexen ep' autous hōsei chnoun sarkas ; kai hōsei ammon thalassōn, peteina pterōta. » Dia gar tōn anemōn synelasas pantachothen tōn ornithōn ekeinōn to genos, kataptēnai prosetaxe para tas toutōn skēnas, automaton autois charisamenos thēran.
"And he commanded the clouds from above and opened the doors of heaven, and rained manna on them to eat." For the clouds did not give their usual labor pains, but instead of the rain that waters the seeds that are sown, they brought forth the wonderful food. He called the supply from above "the opening of the doors of heaven." For since we put doors on storerooms and open them when we wish to bring something out, the prophetic word shows the God of all supplying the manna as though from storerooms. "And he gave them the bread of heaven; man ate the bread of angels." He calls it the bread of angels as supplied through angels; for angels, as we have been taught by the divine Scripture, serve the divine nods. The divine apostle says: "Are they not all ministering spirits sent out for service for the sake of those who are to inherit salvation?" And again: "For if the word spoken through angels was valid," and so on. He calls it the bread of heaven as brought from above; for the divine Scripture also calls the birds that travel the air "birds of heaven." "He sent them provision to the full." "He gave them this food to satiety," he says. Then he also recounts the supply of meat: "He took away the south wind from heaven and brought on the southwest wind by his power. And he rained flesh upon them like dust, and winged birds like the sand of the seas." "For by the winds he drove that race of birds together from every side and commanded them to land beside their tents, granting them a hunt that came of itself."
Ps 78:23 (77:23 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:24 (77:24 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:25 (77:25 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:26 (77:26 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:27 (77:27 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 16:14 (allusion, high confidence) · Heb 1:14 (quotation, high confidence) · Heb 2:2 (quotation, high confidence) · Num 11:31 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:23-27: God opened heaven's doors and rained manna, the bread of angels supplied through angels, and then quails by the winds.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); verse numbers leaked into the text (OCR)): καὶ ταύ· τας ἀνοίγομεν → καὶ ταύτας ἀνοίγομεν; δι᾽ ἀγι γέλων → δι᾽ ἀγγέλων; εἰς πλησμονήν.» Εἰς κόρον, φησί, ταύτης μετέδωκεν αὐτοῖς τῆς τροφῆς. Εἶτα καὶ τὴν τῶν κρεῶν διέξεισι χορηγίαν. κς', κζ'. « → εἰς πλησμονήν.» Εἰς κόρον, φησί, ταύτης μετέδωκεν αὐτοῖς τῆς τροφῆς. Εἶτα καὶ τὴν τῶν κρεῶν διέξεισι χορηγίαν. «.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.23 (PG 80 80:1489; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-23
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.28PG 80 80:1491
Καὶ ἔπεσεν εἰς μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς αὐτῶν, κύκλῳ τῶν σκηνωμάτων αὐτῶν. Καὶ ἔφαγον καὶ ἐνεπλήσθησαν σφόδρα · καὶ τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν αὐτῶν ἤνεγκεν αὐτοῖς. Οὐκ ἐστερήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν. » Απήλαυσαν, φησὶν, ὧν ὡρέχθησαν, καὶ τὴν γαστριμαργίαν ἐνέπλησαν· ἀλλ᾿ ὅμως τῆς ἀπληστίας εἰσεπράχθησαν δίκας. « Ἔτι τῆς βρώσεως οὔσης ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν, Καὶ ὀργὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀνέβη ἐπ᾿ αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν ἐν τοῖς πλείοσιν αὐτῶν, καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ συνεπόδισεν. » Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ πεῖραν πολλὴν λαβόντες τῆς θείας δυνάμεως, οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν δύνασθαι τὸν Θεὸν χορηγῆσαι τὴν τροφὴν, καὶ τὴν παιδείαν ἐπήγαγε, διδάσκων ὡς ἀμφότερα ποιεῖν ἱκανὸς, καὶ τὰ ἀγαθὰ παρέχειν, καὶ τὰς τιμωρίας ἐπάγειν. ᾿Αλλ' ὅμως, οὐδὲν ἦτταν ἐπέμειναν πλημμελοῦντες. Τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγεν ·
Kai epesen eis meson tēs parembolēs autōn, kyklǭ tōn skēnōmatōn autōn. Kai ephagon kai eneplēsthēsan sphodra ; kai tēn epithymian autōn ēnenken autois. Ouk esterēthēsan apo tēs epithymias autōn. » Apēlausan, phēsin, hōn hōrechthēsan, kai tēn gastrimargian eneplēsan; all᾿ homōs tēs aplēstias eiseprachthēsan dikas. « Eti tēs brōseōs ousēs en tǭ stomati autōn, Kai orgē tou Theou anebē ep᾿ autous, kai apekteinen en tois pleiosin autōn, kai tous eklektous tou Israēl synepodisen. » Epeidē gar peiran pollēn labontes tēs theias dynameōs, ouk episteusan dynasthai ton Theon chorēgēsai tēn trophēn, kai tēn paideian epēgage, didaskōn hōs amphotera poiein hikanos, kai ta agatha parechein, kai tas timōrias epagein. ᾿All' homōs, ouden ēttan epemeinan plēmmelountes. Touto gar epēgagen ;
"And it fell in the midst of their camp, round about their tents. And they ate and were filled exceedingly, and he brought them their desire. They were not deprived of their desire." "They enjoyed what they craved," he says, "and filled their gluttony; but they paid the penalty for their greed." "While the food was still in their mouth, the anger of God went up against them, and he killed many of them and fettered the chosen of Israel." "For since, after much experience of God's power, they did not believe God could supply food, he brought chastisement too, teaching that he is able to do both, to give good things and to bring punishments." Yet they persisted in their offenses no less. For he added:
Ps 78:28 (77:28 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:29 (77:29 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:30 (77:30 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:31 (77:31 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 11:33 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:28-31: God gave the quails they craved but struck them while the food was in their mouths, showing he can both give and punish.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (verse number leaked into the text (OCR)): αὐτῶν, [λαʹ] Καὶ ὀργὴ → αὐτῶν, Καὶ ὀργὴ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.28 (PG 80 80:1491; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-28). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-28
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.32PG 80 80:1491
· Ἐν πᾶσι τούτοις ἥμαρτον ἔτι, καὶ οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν ἐν τοῖς θαυμασίοις αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐξέλιπον ἐν ματαιότητι αἱ ἡμέραι αὐτῶν· καὶ τὰ ἔτη αὐτῶν μετὰ σπουδῆς. » ῾Ἁμαρτάνοντες, φησὶ, καὶ πλημμελοῦντες, καὶ τῶν μὲν ὠφελεῖν δυναμένων οὐδεμίαν ποιούμενοι πρόνοιαν, τοῖς δὲ ματαίοις καὶ ἀκερδέσι προστετηκότες ἐπιτηδεύμασι, καὶ μετὰ πάσης ταῦτα μετιόντες σπουδῆς, τὸν βίον ὑπεξἦλθον.
; En pasi toutois hēmarton eti, kai ouk episteusan en tois thaumasiois autou. Kai exelipon en mataiotēti hai hēmerai autōn; kai ta etē autōn meta spoudēs. » ῾Hamartanontes, phēsi, kai plēmmelountes, kai tōn men ōphelein dynamenōn oudemian poioumenoi pronoian, tois de mataiois kai akerdesi prostetēkotes epitēdeumasi, kai meta pasēs tauta metiontes spoudēs, ton bion hypexēlthon.
"In all this they sinned still, and did not believe in his wonders. And their days ended in vanity, and their years with haste." "Sinning and offending," he says, "taking no thought for what could benefit them, but devoted to vain and profitless pursuits and following them with all haste, they departed this life."
Ps 78:32 (77:32 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:33 (77:33 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:32-33: despite everything they kept sinning, and their lives ended in futility.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip; stray dash (OCR)): δυναμένων – οὐδεμίαν → δυναμένων οὐδεμίαν; μετὸ πάσης → μετὰ πάσης.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.32 (PG 80 80:1491; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-32). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-32
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.34PG 80 80:1491
« Ὅτ᾿ ἂν ἀπέκτεινεν αὐτοὺς, τότε ἐξεζήτουν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐπέστρεφον, καὶ ὥρθριζον πρὸς τὸν Θεόν. Καὶ ἐμνήσθησαν ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς βοηθὸς αὐτῶν· ἐστι, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς ὁ ὕψιστος λυτρωτὴς αὐτῶν ἐστι. » Οὐ μάτην δὲ αὐτοῖς ὁ φιλάνθρωπος Δεσπότης τὰς πέδας· ἐπήγαγεν· ὠφέλειαν γὰρ ἐντεῦθεν οὐ σμικρὰν ἐκαρποῦντο. ᾿Απολαύοντες μὲν γὰρ τῶν ἀγαθῶν, οὐκ ἠσθάνοντο· κολαζόμενοι δὲ, τὴν θείαν προσῄεσαν αἰτοῦντες· φιλανθρωπίαν. « Καὶ ἠγάπησαν αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν · καὶ τῇ γλώσσῃ αὐτῶν ἐψεύσαντο αὐτῷ. Ἡ δὲ καρδία αὐτῶν οὐκ εὐθεῖα μετ' αὐτοῦ· οὐδὲ ἐπιστώθησαν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ αὐτοῦ. • ᾿Αγαπᾶν δὲ αὐτὸν ὑπισχνοῦντο ψευδέσι χρώμενοι λόγοις. ᾿Αντεφθέγγετο γὰρ τοῖς λόγοις ὁ λογισμός, ἐναντία τοῖς θείοις βουλευόμενος • νόμοις, καὶ πιστεύειν τοῖς θείοις λογίοις οὐκ ἀνεχόμενος.
« Hot᾿ an apekteinen autous, tote exezētoun auton, kai epestrephon, kai hōrthrizon pros ton Theon. Kai emnēsthēsan hoti ho Theos boēthos autōn; esti, kai ho Theos ho hypsistos lytrōtēs autōn esti. » Ou matēn de autois ho philanthrōpos Despotēs tas pedas; epēgagen; ōpheleian gar enteuthen ou smikran ekarpounto. ᾿Apolauontes men gar tōn agathōn, ouk ēsthanonto; kolazomenoi de, tēn theian prosę̄esan aitountes; philanthrōpian. « Kai ēgapēsan auton en tǭ stomati autōn ; kai tę̄ glōssę̄ autōn epseusanto autǭ. Hē de kardia autōn ouk eutheia met' autou; oude epistōthēsan en tę̄ diathēkę̄ autou. • ᾿Agapan de auton hypischnounto pseudesi chrōmenoi logois. ᾿Antephthengeto gar tois logois ho logismos, enantia tois theiois bouleuomenos • nomois, kai pisteuein tois theiois logiois ouk anechomenos.
"When he killed them, then they sought him, and turned, and rose early to God. And they remembered that God is their helper, and God the Most High is their redeemer." Not in vain did the Master who loves humankind bring the fetters on them; they reaped no small benefit from them. For while enjoying good things they did not perceive it; but when punished they came to him, asking for divine love for humankind. "And they loved him with their mouth, and with their tongue they lied to him. But their heart was not straight with him, nor were they faithful in his covenant." "They promised to love him, using false words. For their thinking contradicted their words, planning things contrary to the divine laws and refusing to believe the divine oracles."
Ps 78:34 (77:34 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:35 (77:35 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:36 (77:36 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:37 (77:37 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:34-37: punishment drove them to seek God, but their love was only on their lips, not in their hearts.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray mark (OCR); verse numbers leaked into the text (OCR)): ἐξεζή τουν᾿ αὐτὸν → ἐξεζήτουν αὐτὸν; σμι κρὰν → σμικρὰν; φιλανθρωπίαν. λε', λζ'. « → φιλανθρωπίαν. «; ᾿Αντεφθέγγετο' γὰρ → ᾿Αντεφθέγγετο γὰρ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.34 (PG 80 80:1491; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-34). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-34
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.38PG 80 80:1493
« Αὐτὸς δὲ ἐστιν οἰκτίρμων, καὶ ἱλάσεται ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις αὐτῶν, καὶ οὐ διαφθερεῖ. « ᾿Αλλ' ὅμως αὐτὸς, τῇ οἰκείᾳ χρώμενος ἀγαθότητι, οὐκ ἠνέσχετο αὐτοὺς παντελεῖ παραδοῦναι φθορᾷ. » Καὶ πληθυνεῖ τοῦ ἀποστρέψαι τὸν θυμὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐχὶ ἐκκαύσει πᾶσαν τὴν ὀργὴν αὐτοῦ. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως. Καὶ ἐπὶ πολὺ ἀπέστρεψε τὴν ὀργὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐ διήγειρεν ὅλον τὸν θυμὸν αὐτοῦ. Οὐκ ἀξίαν αὐτοῖς, φησὶ, τῶν πεπλημμελημένων τιμωρίαν ἐπήγαγεν.
« Autos de estin oiktirmōn, kai hilasetai tais hamartiais autōn, kai ou diaphtherei. « ᾿All' homōs autos, tę̄ oikeią chrōmenos agathotēti, ouk ēnescheto autous pantelei paradounai phthorą. » Kai plēthynei tou apostrepsai ton thymon autou, kai ouchi ekkausei pasan tēn orgēn autou. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs. Kai epi poly apestrepse tēn orgēn autou, kai ou diēgeiren holon ton thymon autou. Ouk axian autois, phēsi, tōn peplēmmelēmenōn timōrian epēgagen.
"But he is compassionate and will forgive their sins and will not destroy." "Yet he, using his own goodness, would not consent to hand them over to utter destruction." "And he will abound in turning away his anger and will not kindle all his wrath." Symmachus has: "And many times he turned away his anger and did not rouse all his wrath." "He did not bring on them a punishment worthy of their offenses."
Ps 78:38 (77:38 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:38: in his compassion God often held back his anger and did not destroy them.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.38 (PG 80 80:1493; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-38). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-38
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.39PG 80 80:1493
« Καὶ ἐμνήσθη ὅτι σάρξ εἰσι, πνεῦμα πορευόμενον, καὶ οὐκ ἐπιστρέφον. » Ἤδει γὰρ αὐτῶν τῆς φύσεως τὴν ἀσθένειαν· καὶ ὅτι οὐκ εἰς μακρὰν δέξονται τοῦ βίου τὸ πέρας.
« Kai emnēsthē hoti sarx eisi, pneuma poreuomenon, kai ouk epistrephon. » Ēdei gar autōn tēs physeōs tēn astheneian; kai hoti ouk eis makran dexontai tou biou to peras.
"And he remembered that they are flesh, a breath that goes and does not return." For he knew the weakness of their nature, and that before long they would reach the end of life.
Ps 78:39 (77:39 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:39: God remembered that they were frail and short-lived.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.39 (PG 80 80:1493; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-39). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-39
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.40PG 80 80:1493
« Ποσάκις παρεπίκραναν αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· παρώργισαν αὐτὸν ἐν γῇ ἀνύδρῳ. Καὶ ἐπἑστρεψαν, καὶ ἐπείρασαν τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ τὸν ἅγιον τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ παρώξυναν. » Διὰ τούτων ἁπάντων τὴν θείαν διδάσκει μακροθυμίαν. Ακριβέστερον δὲ τούτων ἕκαστον ἐκ τῆς ἱστορίας καταμαθεῖν δυνατόν. Ποτὲ μὲν γὰρ τὸν μόσχον ἐθεοποίησαν · ποτὲ δὲ τῷ Βεελφεγὼρ ἐτελέσθησαν. ῎Αλλοτε τὴν κατὰ τοῦ μεγάλου Μωσοῦ ἐμελέτησαν τυραννίδα· τῆς τοῦ μάννα τροφῆς ἀπολαύοντες, ἠχαρίστησαν· ἀπολαβεῖν τὴν ἐπηγγελμένην κελευσθέντες γῆν, τὸ δέος προὐβάλλοντο · καὶ ἄλλα μυρία πρὸς τούτοις εἰργάσαντο, ἅπερ μηκύνειν οὐκ ἐθέλοντες τὸν λόγον παραλείψομεν.
« Posakis parepikranan auton en tę̄ erēmǭ; parōrgisan auton en gę̄ anydrǭ. Kai epestrepsan, kai epeirasan ton Theon, kai ton hagion tou Israēl parōxynan. » Dia toutōn hapantōn tēn theian didaskei makrothymian. Akribesteron de toutōn hekaston ek tēs historias katamathein dynaton. Pote men gar ton moschon etheopoiēsan ; pote de tǭ Beelphegōr etelesthēsan. ᾿Allote tēn kata tou megalou Mōsou emeletēsan tyrannida; tēs tou manna trophēs apolauontes, ēcharistēsan; apolabein tēn epēngelmenēn keleusthentes gēn, to deos prouballonto ; kai alla myria pros toutois eirgasanto, haper mēkynein ouk ethelontes ton logon paraleipsomen.
"How often they embittered him in the desert, provoked him to anger in a waterless land. And they turned and tempted God and provoked the Holy One of Israel." Through all these words he teaches the divine long-suffering. One can learn each of these more precisely from the history. For at one time they made the calf a god; at another they were initiated to Baal-peor; at another they plotted a coup against the great Moses; enjoying the manna as food, they were ungrateful; ordered to take the promised land, they pleaded fear; and they did countless other things besides, which we shall pass over, not wishing to lengthen the discourse.
Ps 78:40 (77:40 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:41 (77:41 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 32:4 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 25:3 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 16:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 21:5 (allusion, medium confidence) · Num 14:1 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:40-41: Israel repeatedly provoked God in the desert, with the calf, Baal-peor, rebellion against Moses, and refusal to enter the land.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): ἀπολα βεῖν → ἀπολαβεῖν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.40 (PG 80 80:1493; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-40). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-40
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.42PG 80 80:1493
« Οὐκ ἐμνήσθησαν τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ ἡμέρας ἧς ἐλυτρώσατο αὐτοὺς ἐκ χειρὸς θλίβοντος, » Οὐκ ἐβουλήθησαν λαβεῖν εἰς διάνοιαν τὰς προτέρας εὐεργεσίας, οὐδὲ λογίσασθαι τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν ἰσχὺν, δι' ἧς ἀπηλλάγησαν τῆς Αἰγυπτίων δουλείας. Εἶτα διέξεισι τὰς ἐκεῖ γεγενημένας θαυματουργίας.
« Ouk emnēsthēsan tēs cheiros autou hēmeras hēs elytrōsato autous ek cheiros thlibontos, » Ouk eboulēthēsan labein eis dianoian tas proteras euergesias, oude logisasthai tou Theou tēn ischyn, di' hēs apēllagēsan tēs Aigyptiōn douleias. Eita diexeisi tas ekei gegenēmenas thaumatourgias.
"They did not remember his hand, the day when he redeemed them from the hand of the oppressor." They would not call to mind the former benefits, nor reckon the strength of God by which they were freed from slavery to the Egyptians. Then he recounts the wonders done there.
Ps 78:42 (77:42 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:42: they forgot God's power that freed them from Egypt.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.42 (PG 80 80:1493; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-42). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-42
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.43PG 80 80:1493
« Ὡς ἔθετο ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ τὰ σημεῖα αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰ τέρατα αὐτοῦ ἐν πεδίῳ Τάνεως. » Ἡ Τάνις εἶχε τοῦ Φαραὼ τὰ βασίλεια. Ἐκεῖ δὲ τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις τὰς τιμωρίας ὁ μέγας ἐπήγαγε Μωσῆς.
« Hōs etheto en Aigyptǭ ta sēmeia autou, kai ta terata autou en pediǭ Taneōs. » Hē Tanis eiche tou Pharaō ta basileia. Ekei de tois Aigyptiois tas timōrias ho megas epēgage Mōsēs.
"How he set his signs in Egypt and his wonders in the plain of Tanis." Tanis held Pharaoh's palace; there the great Moses brought the punishments on the Egyptians.
Ps 78:43 (77:43 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:43: the plagues were done at Tanis, seat of Pharaoh's palace.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.43 (PG 80 80:1493; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-43). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-43
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.44PG 80 80:1493
« Καὶ μετέστρεψεν εἰς αἷμα τοὺς ποταμοὺς αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰ ὀμβρήματα αὐτῶν, ὅπως μὴ πίωσιν.» Πρῶτον μὲν γὰρ οὐ τὰ ποτάμια μόνον ὕδατα, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἐξ ὑετῶν συνιστάμενα μετέβαλεν εἰς αἵματος φύσιν, τῷ δίψει πιέζων τοὺς ἀντιλέγοντας.
« Kai metestrepsen eis haima tous potamous autōn, kai ta ombrēmata autōn, hopōs mē piōsin.» Prōton men gar ou ta potamia monon hydata, alla kai ta ex hyetōn synistamena metebalen eis haimatos physin, tǭ dipsei piezōn tous antilegontas.
"And he turned their rivers into blood, and their rainwaters, so that they might not drink." First he changed into the nature of blood not only the river waters but also those formed from rains, oppressing the opponents with thirst.
Ps 78:44 (77:44 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 7:20 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:44: the first plague turned all Egypt's waters to blood.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark (OCR)): ὀμβρήματα” → ὀμβρήματα.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.44 (PG 80 80:1493; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-44). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-44
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.45PG 80 80:1493
« Ἐξαπέστειλεν εἰς αὐτοὺς κυνόμυιαν, καὶ κατέφαγεν αὐτοὺς, καὶ βάτραχον, καὶ διέφθειρεν αὐτούς. Καὶ ἔδωκε τῇ ἐρυσίβῃ τοὺς καρποὺς αὐτῶν, καὶ τοὺς πόνους αὐτῶν τῇ ἀκρίδι. » Κυνομυίᾳ δὲ καὶ βατράχοις ὑπουργοῖς τῆς ὀργῆς χρησάμενος, πικρὰς αὐτοῖς τὰς ὀδύνας ἐπήγαγεν. Ἐρυσίβῃ δὲ καὶ ἀκρίδι τῆς γῆς διέφθειρε τοὺς καρπούς.
« Exapesteilen eis autous kynomuian, kai katephagen autous, kai batrachon, kai diephtheiren autous. Kai edōke tę̄ erysibę̄ tous karpous autōn, kai tous ponous autōn tę̄ akridi. » Kynomuią de kai batrachois hypourgois tēs orgēs chrēsamenos, pikras autois tas odynas epēgagen. Erysibę̄ de kai akridi tēs gēs diephtheire tous karpous.
"He sent among them the dog-fly, and it devoured them, and the frog, and it destroyed them. And he gave their fruits to the blight and their labors to the locust." Using the dog-fly and frogs as ministers of his anger, he brought bitter pains on them; and by blight and locust he destroyed the fruits of the earth.
Ps 78:45 (77:45 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:46 (77:46 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 8:6 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 8:24 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 10:13 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:45-46: flies, frogs, blight, and locusts afflicted Egypt.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slips): ὁδύνας ἐπήγαγεν. Έροσίβῃ → ὀδύνας ἐπήγαγεν. Ἐρυσίβῃ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.45 (PG 80 80:1493; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-45). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-45
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.47PG 80 80:1495
« ᾿Απέκτεινεν ἐν χαλάζῃ τὴν ἄμπελον αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰς συκαμίνους αὐτῶν ἐν τῇ πάχνῃ . » Ἐρυσίβῃ μὲν καὶ ἀκρίδι τὸν καρπὸν κατηνάλωσε, χαλάζῃ δὲ καὶ πάχνῃ καὶ αὐτὰς τὰς ῥίζας τῶν δένδρων ἐνέκρωσε. Τὰς μέντοι συκαμίνους οἱ ἄλλοι ἑρμηνευταὶ συκομόρους ἡρμήνευσαν.
« ᾿Apekteinen en chalazę̄ tēn ampelon autōn, kai tas sykaminous autōn en tę̄ pachnę̄ . » Erysibę̄ men kai akridi ton karpon katēnalōse, chalazę̄ de kai pachnę̄ kai autas tas rhizas tōn dendrōn enekrōse. Tas mentoi sykaminous hoi alloi hermēneutai sykomorous hērmēneusan.
"He killed their vine with hail and their mulberries with frost." With blight and locust he consumed the fruit; with hail and frost he killed even the roots of the trees. For "mulberries" the other translators rendered "sycamores."
Ps 78:47 (77:47 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 9:25 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:47: hail and frost killed Egypt's vines and trees.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.47 (PG 80 80:1495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-47). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-47
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.48PG 80 80:1495
« Καὶ παρέδωκεν εἰς χάλαζαν τὰ κτήνη αὐτῶν, καὶ τὴν ὕπαρξιν αὐτῶν τῷ πυρί. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως· Τοῦ ἐκδόντος λοιμῷ τὰ κτήνη αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰ κτήματα αὐτῶν οἰωνοῖς. ᾿Αθρόαν γὰρ δεξάμενα τελευτὴν, θοίνη τῶν σαρκοβόρων ὀρνίθων ἐγένετο.
« Kai paredōken eis chalazan ta ktēnē autōn, kai tēn hyparxin autōn tǭ pyri. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs; Tou ekdontos loimǭ ta ktēnē autōn, kai ta ktēmata autōn oiōnois. ᾿Athroan gar dexamena teleutēn, thoinē tōn sarkoborōn ornithōn egeneto.
"And he gave their cattle over to the hail and their possessions to fire." Symmachus has: "Who gave their cattle over to pestilence and their possessions to birds of prey." For, receiving sudden death, they became a feast for carrion birds.
Ps 78:48 (77:48 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 9:3 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:48: Egypt's cattle died by hail or pestilence and became food for birds.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.48 (PG 80 80:1495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-48). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-48
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.49PG 80 80:1495
« Ἐξαπέστειλεν εἰς αὐτοὺς ὀργὴν θυμοῦ αὐτοῦ· θυμὸν, καὶ ὀργὴν, καὶ θλίψιν, ἀποστολὴν δι' ἀγγέλων πονηρῶν. » Θυμὸν, καὶ ὀργὴν, καὶ θλίψιν, τὰς πικρὰς τιμωρίας ἐκάλεσεν · ἀγγέλους δὲ πονηροὺς, τῆς τιμωρίας τοὺς ὑπουργούς· οὔτε φύσεως, οὔτε προαιρέσεως μοχθηρίαν, τὴν πονηρίαν καλῶν, ἀλλὰ τὴν τῆς κολάσεως τιμωρίαν. Οὕτω πονηρὰν ἡμέραν τὴν τῆς τιμωρίας ἡμέραν καλεῖ. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ὁ Σύμμαχος παρεδήλωσεν· ἀντὶ γὰρ ἀγγέλων πονηρῶν, ἀγγέλων κακούντων εἴρηκεν.
« Exapesteilen eis autous orgēn thymou autou; thymon, kai orgēn, kai thlipsin, apostolēn di' angelōn ponērōn. » Thymon, kai orgēn, kai thlipsin, tas pikras timōrias ekalesen ; angelous de ponērous, tēs timōrias tous hypourgous; oute physeōs, oute proaireseōs mochthērian, tēn ponērian kalōn, alla tēn tēs kolaseōs timōrian. Houtō ponēran hēmeran tēn tēs timōrias hēmeran kalei. Touto de kai ho Symmachos paredēlōsen; anti gar angelōn ponērōn, angelōn kakountōn eirēken.
"He sent upon them the wrath of his anger, anger and wrath and affliction, a sending by evil angels." He called the bitter punishments anger, wrath, and affliction; and the ministers of the punishment "evil angels," calling evil not a wickedness of nature or of choice but the punishment of chastisement. So too he calls the day of punishment an evil day. Symmachus indicated this too; for instead of "evil angels" he said "angels that do harm."
Ps 78:49 (77:49 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:49: the "evil angels" are the angels who carried out the punishments, evil only in the harm they inflicted.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.49 (PG 80 80:1495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-49). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-49
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.50PG 80 80:1495
« Ωδοποίησε τρίβον τῇ ὀργῇ αὐτοῦ. » Ἀντὶ τοῦ, οὐκ ἐκώλυσεν ἡ φιλανθρωπία τὴν τιμωρίαν, ἀλλ᾽ ἔδωκε χώραν τῇ δικαίᾳ παιδείᾳ. Τοῦτο καὶ διὰ τῶν ἐπαγομένων ἐδήλωσεν. • Οὐκ ἐφείσατο ἀπὸ θανάτου τῶν ψυχῶν αὐτῶν· καὶ τὰ κτήνη αὐτῶν εἰς θάνατον συνέκλεισε. Καὶ ἐπάταξε πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, ἀπαρχὴν παντὸς πόνου αὐτῶν, ἐν τοῖς σκηνώμασι Χάμ. » Θεασάμενος γὰρ αὐτῶν τὴν ἀντίτυπον γνώμην, ἀφειδῶς αὐτοῖς τὰς τιμωρίας ἐπήγαγε · πρῶτον μὲν τοῖς κτήνεσιν ὄλεθρον, ὕστερον δὲ τοῖς πρωτοτόκοις θάνατον ἐπάγων ἀπροσδόκητον, Σκηνώματα δὲ Χάμ, τὴν Αἴγυπτον προσηγόρευσεν, ἐπειδὴ τοῦ Χὰμ υἱὸς ὁ Μεσρέμ, Μεσρὲμ δὲ ἡ Αἴγυπτος.
« Ōdopoiēse tribon tę̄ orgę̄ autou. » Anti tou, ouk ekōlysen hē philanthrōpia tēn timōrian, all᾽ edōke chōran tę̄ dikaią paideią. Touto kai dia tōn epagomenōn edēlōsen. • Ouk epheisato apo thanatou tōn psychōn autōn; kai ta ktēnē autōn eis thanaton synekleise. Kai epataxe pan prōtotokon en gę̄ Aigyptǭ, aparchēn pantos ponou autōn, en tois skēnōmasi Cham. » Theasamenos gar autōn tēn antitypon gnōmēn, apheidōs autois tas timōrias epēgage ; prōton men tois ktēnesin olethron, hysteron de tois prōtotokois thanaton epagōn aprosdokēton, Skēnōmata de Cham, tēn Aigypton prosēgoreusen, epeidē tou Cham huios ho Mesrem, Mesrem de hē Aigyptos.
"He made a path for his anger." That is, his love for humankind did not prevent the punishment, but gave room to just chastisement. He showed this through what follows too: "He did not spare their souls from death, and he shut up their cattle in death. And he struck every firstborn in the land of Egypt, the firstfruits of all their labor in the tents of Ham." "For seeing their stubborn mind, he brought the punishments on them unsparingly, first destruction on the cattle, then unexpected death on the firstborn." He named Egypt "the tents of Ham," since Mesrem was the son of Ham, and Mesrem is Egypt.
Ps 78:50 (77:50 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:51 (77:51 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 12:29 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 10:6 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:50-51: God let his punishment run its course, killing Egypt's cattle and firstborn in the land of Ham.
- Mesrem (Mizraim, Gen 10:6) is the Hebrew name of Egypt.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): ἡ Αἴγυ πτος → ἡ Αἴγυπτος.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.50 (PG 80 80:1495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-50). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-50
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.52PG 80 80:1495
« Καὶ ἀπῆρεν ὡς πρόβατα τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ • καὶ ἀνήγαγεν αὐτοὺς ὡσεὶ ποίμνιον ἐν ἐρήμῳ. › Οὕτως ἐκείνους παιδεύσας, ἐπὶ τὴν ἔρημον ἤγαγε τὸν οἰκεῖον λαόν · ποιμένα μιμούμενος, τῆς ποίμνης ἡγούμενον.
« Kai apēren hōs probata ton laon autou • kai anēgagen autous hōsei poimnion en erēmǭ. › Houtōs ekeinous paideusas, epi tēn erēmon ēgage ton oikeion laon ; poimena mimoumenos, tēs poimnēs hēgoumenon.
"And he led out his people like sheep and brought them up like a flock in the desert." Having thus chastised those, he led his own people into the desert, imitating a shepherd who goes before his flock.
Ps 78:52 (77:52 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:52: God led Israel through the desert like a shepherd.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.52 (PG 80 80:1495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-52). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-52
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.53PG 80 80:1495
« Καὶ ὡδήγησεν αὐτοὺς ἐπ᾿ ἐλπίδι, καὶ οὐκ ἐδειλίασαν. • Πολλὰ γὰρ ἐνέγγυα τῆς οἰκείας δυνάμεως δεδωκὼς, θαῤῥεῖν αὐτῷ, καὶ μὴ δεδιέναι προσέταξε. Τοῦτο δὲ παρὰ μὲν τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων ἐγένετο· ἐκεῖνοι δὲ τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ Θεοῦ θαῤῥεῖν οὐκ ἠβούλοντο. « Καὶ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάλυψε θάλασσα. » Ἡ γὰρ αὐτὴ θάλασσα τούτοις μὲν παρέσχεν ὁδὸν, ἐκείνους δὲ τοῖς κύμασιν ἔχωσε.
« Kai hōdēgēsen autous ep᾿ elpidi, kai ouk edeiliasan. • Polla gar enengya tēs oikeias dynameōs dedōkōs, tharrhein autǭ, kai mē dedienai prosetaxe. Touto de para men tou Theou tōn holōn egeneto; ekeinoi de tę̄ dynamei tou Theou tharrhein ouk ēboulonto. « Kai tous echthrous autōn ekalypse thalassa. » Hē gar autē thalassa toutois men pareschen hodon, ekeinous de tois kymasin echōse.
"And he led them in hope, and they were not afraid." For having given many pledges of his power, he commanded them to take courage in him and not to fear. This was done by the God of all; but they would not take courage in the power of God. "And the sea covered their enemies." For the same sea gave these a road and buried those in its waves.
Ps 78:53 (77:53 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 14:28 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:53: God gave Israel grounds for confidence, and the sea that let them pass drowned their enemies.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.53 (PG 80 80:1495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-53). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-53
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.54PG 80 80:1497
« Καὶ εἰσήγαγεν αὐτοὺς εἰς ὄρος ἁγιάσματος αὐτοῦ, ὅρος τοῦτο ὁ ἐκτήσατο ἡ δεξιὰ αὐτοῦ. » Ἐκεῖθεν τοίνυν ἐλευθερώσας, ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ἣν ἐπηγγείλατο γῆν· διὰ γὰρ τοῦ Σιὼν ὄρους πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν παρεδήλωσε. « Καὶ ἐξέβαλεν ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν ἔθνη, καὶ ἐκληροδότησεν αὐτοὺς ἐν σχοινίῳ κληροδοσίας. » Τῶν γὰρ παλαιῶν οἰκητόρων τὴν γῆν ἐκείνην ἐλευθερώσας, τούτοις κατὰ τὰς ὑποσχέσεις τὴν ταύτης δέδωκε δεσποτείαν. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὸ ἐν σχοινίῳ κληροδοσίας. Τὴν γὰρ οἰκείαν εἰώθασι γῆν οἱ κεκτημένοι μετρεῖν· τοὺς δὲ κλήρους καὶ τὰς διανεμήσεις ἀκριβέστερον διδάσκει τοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Ναυῆ ἡ συγγραφή.
« Kai eisēgagen autous eis oros hagiasmatos autou, horos touto ho ektēsato hē dexia autou. » Ekeithen toinyn eleutherōsas, edōken autois hēn epēngeilato gēn; dia gar tou Siōn orous pasan tēn gēn paredēlōse. « Kai exebalen apo prosōpou autōn ethnē, kai eklērodotēsen autous en schoiniǭ klērodosias. » Tōn gar palaiōn oikētorōn tēn gēn ekeinēn eleutherōsas, toutois kata tas hyposcheseis tēn tautēs dedōke despoteian. Touto gar dēloi to en schoiniǭ klērodosias. Tēn gar oikeian eiōthasi gēn hoi kektēmenoi metrein; tous de klērous kai tas dianemēseis akribesteron didaskei tou Iēsou tou Nauē hē syngraphē.
"And he brought them to the mountain of his sanctuary, this mountain which his right hand acquired." "Having freed them from there, he gave them the land he had promised"; for by Mount Zion he indicated the whole land. "And he drove out nations before them and allotted them their inheritance by a measuring line." For having freed that land from its old inhabitants, he gave these the lordship of it according to the promises. This is what "by a line of allotment" shows; for owners usually measure their own land. The book of Joshua son of Nun teaches the lots and divisions more precisely.
Ps 78:54 (77:54 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:55 (77:55 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Josh 14:1 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:54-55: God brought Israel into the promised land and divided it to them by lot, as Joshua records.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip): ἐν σχονίῳ κληροδοσίας → ἐν σχοινίῳ κληροδοσίας.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.54 (PG 80 80:1497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-54). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-54
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.55PG 80 80:1497
« Καὶ κατεσκήνωσεν ἐν τοῖς σκηνώμασιν αὐτῶν τὰς φυλὰς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ. » Κατὰ [ φυλάς] γὰρ τὴν γῆν διενείμαντο· οὕτω τὴν μετὰ τὴν ἔρημον αὐτῶν ἀπιστίαν διδάξας, διηγεῖται τὰς ἐν τῇ γῇ τῆς ἐπαγγελίας παρανομίας.
« Kai kateskēnōsen en tois skēnōmasin autōn tas phylas tou Israēl. » Kata [ phylas] gar tēn gēn dieneimanto; houtō tēn meta tēn erēmon autōn apistian didaxas, diēgeitai tas en tę̄ gę̄ tēs epangelias paranomias.
"And he made the tribes of Israel dwell in their tents." For they divided the land by [tribes]. Having thus taught their unbelief after the desert, he recounts their lawless deeds in the promised land.
Ps 78:55 (77:55 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:55: the tribes settled in the land, where new lawlessness followed.
- The bracketed word is bracketed in Migne.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.55 (PG 80 80:1497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-55). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-55
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.56PG 80 80:1497
« Καὶ ἐπείρασαν καὶ παρεπίκραναν τὸν Θεὸν τὸν ὕψιστον, καὶ τὰ μαρτύρια αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐφυλάξαντο.» Μετὰ τοσαύτας καὶ τηλικαύτας εὐεργεσίας ἐπέμειναν παρανομοῦντες, καὶ τὰς θείας παραβαίνοντες ἐντολάς.
« Kai epeirasan kai parepikranan ton Theon ton hypsiston, kai ta martyria autou ouk ephylaxanto.» Meta tosautas kai tēlikautas euergesias epemeinan paranomountes, kai tas theias parabainontes entolas.
"And they tempted and embittered God the Most High, and did not keep his testimonies." After so many and such great benefits they persisted in lawlessness and transgressed the divine commandments.
Ps 78:56 (77:56 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:56: even in the land they tested God and broke his commandments.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.56 (PG 80 80:1497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-56). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-56
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.57PG 80 80:1497
« Καὶ ἀπέστρεψαν, καὶ ἠθέτησαν καθὼς καὶ οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν. » Τὴν τῶν πατέρων ἐμιμήσαντο μοχθηρίαν, καὶ τὴν ἐκείνων θεασάμενοι τιμωρίαν, οὐδὲν ἐντεῦθεν ἀπώναντο. « Μετεστράφησαν εἰς τόξον στρεβλόν. » Τόξον, κατὰ μὲν τέχνην κατεσκευασμένον, κατὰ σκοποῦ πέμπει τὰ ἀφιέμενα βέλη • διαστροφὴν δὲ τινα δεξάμενον, τὰ πεμπόμενα βέλη κατευθύνειν οὐ δύναται. Κἀκεῖνοι τοίνυν τῆς διανοίας τὴν εὐθύτητα διαφθείραντες, οὔτε ταῖς θείαις εὐεργεσίαις εἰς δέον ἐχρῶντο, καὶ βλάβης ἀφορμὰς τὰς τῆς ὠφελείας ἀπέφαινον ἀφορμάς.
« Kai apestrepsan, kai ēthetēsan kathōs kai hoi pateres autōn. » Tēn tōn paterōn emimēsanto mochthērian, kai tēn ekeinōn theasamenoi timōrian, ouden enteuthen apōnanto. « Metestraphēsan eis toxon streblon. » Toxon, kata men technēn kateskeuasmenon, kata skopou pempei ta aphiemena belē • diastrophēn de tina dexamenon, ta pempomena belē kateuthynein ou dynatai. Kakeinoi toinyn tēs dianoias tēn euthytēta diaphtheirantes, oute tais theiais euergesiais eis deon echrōnto, kai blabēs aphormas tas tēs ōpheleias apephainon aphormas.
"And they turned away and rejected, as their fathers did." They imitated the wickedness of their fathers, and seeing their punishment, they gained nothing from it. "They were turned into a crooked bow." A bow made with skill sends the arrows released toward the mark; but when it has received some warp, it cannot direct the arrows it sends. So they too, having corrupted the straightness of their mind, did not use the divine benefits as they should, and turned the occasions of benefit into occasions of harm.
Ps 78:57 (77:57 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:57: like a warped bow, Israel turned God's benefits into harm, imitating their fathers.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.57 (PG 80 80:1497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-57). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-57
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.58PG 80 80:1497
« Καὶ παρώργισαν αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς βουνοῖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐν τοῖς γλυπτοῖς αὐτῶν παρεζήλωσαν αὐτόν.» Παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων δεχόμενοι τὰ ἀγαθὰ, τοῖς ἀψύχοις εἰδώλοις ἐδούλευον.
« Kai parōrgisan auton en tois bounois autōn, kai en tois glyptois autōn parezēlōsan auton.» Para tou Theou tōn holōn dechomenoi ta agatha, tois apsychois eidōlois edouleuon.
"And they provoked him to anger on their hills, and moved him to jealousy with their carved images." Receiving good things from the God of all, they served lifeless idols.
Ps 78:58 (77:58 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:58: Israel served idols on the high places.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.58 (PG 80 80:1497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-58). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-58
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.59PG 80 80:1497
« Ἤκουσεν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ ὑπερεῖδε. • Δεομένους, φησὶ, τῆς οἰκείας οὐκ ἠξίου προνοίας. Ταῦτα δὲ σαφέστερον ἡ τῶν Κριτῶν ἱστορία διδάσκει. Παρέδωκε γὰρ αὐτοὺς, ποτὲ μὲν Αμμανίταις, ποτὲ δὲ Μωαβίταις, ἄλλοτε δὲ Μαδιηναίοις, καὶ ἀλλοφύλοις· ποινὴν αὐτοὺς τῆς ἀσεβείας εἰσπραττόμενος. • Καὶ ἐξουδένωσε σφόδρα τὸν Ἰσραήλ. » Τὸν γὰρ πολυθρύλλητον ἐκεῖνον λαὸν, τὸν παραδόξως τῆς Αἰγυπτίων δουλείας ἀπαλλαγέντα, ὃν ἡ θάλασσα εἶδε καὶ ἔφυγε, καὶ ὁ Ἰορδάνης ἀνεχώρησεν εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω, τοῦτον οἱ ὅμοροι ῥᾳδίως κατηγωνίζοντο. «Καὶ ἀπώσατο τὴν σκηνὴν Σηλώμ, σκήνωμα κατεσκήνωσεν ἐν ἀνθρώποις. » Ταῦτα δὲ λοιπὸν ἡ ἀρχὴ τῶν Βασιλειῶν διδάσκει, Ἡλεὶ μεμνημένη τοῦ ἀρχιερέως, καὶ τῆς τῶν ἐκείνου παίδων παρανομίας.
« Ēkousen ho Theos, kai hypereide. • Deomenous, phēsi, tēs oikeias ouk ēxiou pronoias. Tauta de saphesteron hē tōn Kritōn historia didaskei. Paredōke gar autous, pote men Ammanitais, pote de Mōabitais, allote de Madiēnaiois, kai allophylois; poinēn autous tēs asebeias eisprattomenos. • Kai exoudenōse sphodra ton Israēl. » Ton gar polythryllēton ekeinon laon, ton paradoxōs tēs Aigyptiōn douleias apallagenta, hon hē thalassa eide kai ephyge, kai ho Iordanēs anechōrēsen eis ta opisō, touton hoi homoroi rhądiōs katēgōnizonto. «Kai apōsato tēn skēnēn Sēlōm, skēnōma kateskēnōsen en anthrōpois. » Tauta de loipon hē archē tōn Basileiōn didaskei, Hēlei memnēmenē tou archiereōs, kai tēs tōn ekeinou paidōn paranomias.
"God heard and overlooked." "When they were in need," he says, "he did not count them worthy of his providence." The history of the Judges teaches this more clearly. For he handed them over now to the Ammonites, now to the Moabites, at other times to the Midianites and the Philistines, exacting the penalty for their impiety. "And he utterly despised Israel." For that celebrated people, wonderfully freed from slavery to the Egyptians, the people the sea saw and fled from and before which the Jordan turned back, was easily overcome by its neighbors. "And he rejected the tent of Shiloh, the tent where he dwelt among men." The beginning of the Kingdoms teaches this, recalling the high priest Eli and the lawlessness of his sons.
Ps 78:59 (77:59 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:60 (77:60 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Judg 10:7 (allusion, medium confidence) · Judg 6:1 (allusion, medium confidence) · Ps 114:3 (113:3 LXX) (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 2:12 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 4:11 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:59-60: for their idolatry God handed Israel to its enemies in the time of the Judges and abandoned Shiloh in Eli's day.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (verse number leaked into the text (OCR)): κατηγωνίζοντο. ξ΄. « → κατηγωνίζοντο. «.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.59 (PG 80 80:1497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-59). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-59
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.61PG 80 80:1499
«Καὶ παρέδωκεν εἰς αἰχμαλωσίαν τὴν ἰσχὺν αὐτῶν· καὶ τὴν καλλονὴν αὐτῶν εἰς χεῖρας ἐχθρῶν.» Ἰσχὺν αὐτῶν καὶ καλλονὴν τὴν κιβωτὸν λέγει· ταύτην δὲ Ὀφνὶ καὶ Φινεὲς εἰς ἐπικουρίαν τῶν ὁμοφύλων ἐξαγαγόντες, τῆς οἰκείας παρανομίας ἔτισαν δίκας· τὴν δὲ κιβωτὸν οἱ ἀλλόφυλοι λαβόντες ἀνέθεσαν οἷόν τι ἀκροθίνιον τῷ Δαγών· εἴδωλον δὲ τοῦτο ἦν, ὑπ᾿ ἐκείνων θεραπευόμενον.
«Kai paredōken eis aichmalōsian tēn ischyn autōn; kai tēn kallonēn autōn eis cheiras echthrōn.» Ischyn autōn kai kallonēn tēn kibōton legei; tautēn de Ophni kai Phinees eis epikourian tōn homophylōn exagagontes, tēs oikeias paranomias etisan dikas; tēn de kibōton hoi allophyloi labontes anethesan hoion ti akrothinion tǭ Dagōn; eidōlon de touto ēn, hyp᾿ ekeinōn therapeuomenon.
"And he gave their strength into captivity, and their beauty into the hands of enemies." By their strength and beauty he means the ark. Hophni and Phinehas brought it out to help their kinsmen and paid the penalty for their own lawlessness; and the Philistines took the ark and dedicated it like a spoil of war to Dagon, an idol they worshiped.
Ps 78:61 (77:61 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 4:4 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 4:11 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 5:2 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:61: the ark, Israel's strength and beauty, was captured and set before Dagon.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): καλλονὴν αὐτῶν δὲ εἰς χεῖρας δο ἐχθρῶν → καλλονὴν αὐτῶν εἰς χεῖρας ἐχθρῶν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.61 (PG 80 80:1499; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-61). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-61
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.62PG 80 80:1499
« Καὶ συνέκλεισεν εἰς ῥομφαίαν τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ ὑπερεῖδε . » Παρέδωκε γὰρ αὐτοὺς ταῖς τῶν πολεμίων χερσὶ, διὰ τὴν τῆς παρανομίας ὑπερβολήν. Κληρονομίαν δὲ αὐτοὺς ὠνόμασεν, ὡς κηδεμονίας ὅτι μάλιστα πλείστης παρ' αὐτοῦ τετυχηκότας ἀεί. Οὕτω δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ ὁ μέγας προσηγόρευσε Μωσῆς". « Ἐγενήθη γάρ, φησὶ, μερὶς Κυρίου, λαὸς αὐτοῦ Ἰακώβ, σχοίνισμα κληρονομίας αὐτοῦ Ἰσραήλ. » Εἶτα καταλέγει τῆς τιμωρίας τὰ εἴδη.
« Kai synekleisen eis rhomphaian ton laon autou, kai tēn klēronomian autou hypereide . » Paredōke gar autous tais tōn polemiōn chersi, dia tēn tēs paranomias hyperbolēn. Klēronomian de autous ōnomasen, hōs kēdemonias hoti malista pleistēs par' autou tetychēkotas aei. Houtō de autous kai ho megas prosēgoreuse Mōsēs". « Egenēthē gar, phēsi, meris Kyriou, laos autou Iakōb, schoinisma klēronomias autou Israēl. » Eita katalegei tēs timōrias ta eidē.
"And he shut up his people to the sword and overlooked his inheritance." For he handed them over to the hands of the enemies because of the excess of their lawlessness. He named them his inheritance, since they had always received very great care from him. The great Moses too so named them: "For the Lord's portion became his people Jacob; Israel the measured lot of his inheritance." Then he lists the kinds of punishment.
Ps 78:62 (77:62 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Deut 32:9 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:62: God gave his own inheritance over to the sword for their lawlessness.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): καταλέγει τ τῆς → καταλέγει τῆς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.62 (PG 80 80:1499; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-62). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-62
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.63PG 80 80:1499
« Τοὺς νεανίσκους αὐτῶν κατέφαγε πῦρ· καὶ αἱ παρθένοι αὐτῶν οὐκ ἐπενθήθησαν. Οἱ ἱερεῖς αὐτῶν ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ ἔπεσον, καὶ αἱ χῆραι αὐτῶν οὐ κλαυσθήσονται. » Τοὺς μὲν γὰρ πυρὶ παρέδωκε • τῶν δὲ ὁ συνήθης οὐκ ἐγένετο θρῆνος, ἑκάστου περὶ τὰ οἰκεῖα ἡσχολημένου κακά. Ὁφνὶ δὲ καὶ Φινεὲς οἱ ἱερεῖς, αὐτὴν ἐπιφερόμενοι τὴν κιβωτὸν, ἐδέξαντο τὴν σφαγὴν, δι' αὐτῶν διδασκόμενοι τῶν πραγμάτων, μὴ θαῤῥεῖν παρανομίᾳ συζῶντας τῇ θείᾳ κηδεμονίᾳ.
« Tous neaniskous autōn katephage pyr; kai hai parthenoi autōn ouk epenthēthēsan. Hoi hiereis autōn en rhomphaią epeson, kai hai chērai autōn ou klausthēsontai. » Tous men gar pyri paredōke • tōn de ho synēthēs ouk egeneto thrēnos, hekastou peri ta oikeia hēscholēmenou kaka. Hophni de kai Phinees hoi hiereis, autēn epipheromenoi tēn kibōton, edexanto tēn sphagēn, di' autōn didaskomenoi tōn pragmatōn, mē tharrhein paranomią syzōntas tę̄ theią kēdemonią.
"Fire devoured their young men, and their virgins were not mourned. Their priests fell by the sword, and their widows will not be wept for." Some he gave to fire; for others the customary lament was not made, since each was occupied with his own evils. Hophni and Phinehas the priests, carrying the ark itself, were slaughtered, taught by the facts themselves not to trust in God's care while living in lawlessness.
Ps 78:63 (77:63 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:64 (77:64 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 4:11 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:63-64: the young men, virgins, and priests perished unmourned; Hophni and Phinehas fell carrying the ark.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark (OCR)): ἑκάστου περὶ ( τὰ → ἑκάστου περὶ τὰ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.63 (PG 80 80:1499; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-63). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-63
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.65PG 80 80:1499
« Εξηγέρθη ὡς ὁ ὑπνῶν Κύριος. » Αλλ' ὅμως ταύταις αὐτοὺς ταῖς τιμωρίαις ὑποβαλών, καὶ τοὺς τούτων ἐδίδαξε πολεμίους τὰς τῶν γεγενημένων αἰτίας. « Ὡς δυνατὸς, καὶ κεκραιπαληκὼς ἐξ οἶνου.
« Exēgerthē hōs ho hypnōn Kyrios. » All' homōs tautais autous tais timōriais hypobalōn, kai tous toutōn edidaxe polemious tas tōn gegenēmenōn aitias. « Hōs dynatos, kai kekraipalēkōs ex oinou.
"The Lord awoke as one sleeping." Yet having subjected them to these punishments, he also taught their enemies the causes of what had happened. "Like a mighty man overcome with wine."
Ps 78:65 (77:65 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:65: the Lord roused himself like a sleeper against Israel's enemies.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.65 (PG 80 80:1499; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-65). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-65
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.66PG 80 80:1499
« Καὶ ἐπάταξε τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτῶν εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω. ὄνειδος αἰώνιον ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς. » Οἷον γάρ τινα ὕπνον τὴν μακροθυμίαν ἀποσεισάμενος, τοῖς ἀλλοφύλοις ἐπήνεγκε τὴν πληγὴν, δι᾽ ἣν ἐπονείδιστοι παρὰ πᾶσιν ἐγένοντο. Λέγει δὲ τῆς ἔδρας τὸ πάθος, ὅπερ ἡ ἱστορία διδάσκει. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ἡ προφητεία δεδήλωκεν · ἔφη γάρ · « Καὶ ἐπάταξε τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτῶν εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω · · σεμνότερον τὸ μέρος δηλώσασα τὸ δεξάμενον τὴν πληγήν. Ὕπνον δὲ τὴν μακροθυμίαν ἐκάλεσεν· ἐξ οἴνου δὲ κραιπάλην, τὴν ἀγανάκτησιν. Καθάπερ γὰρ ἐπείσακτόν ἐστι Θεοῦ, τιμωρία δικαίως τοῖς πλημμελοῦσιν ἐπαγομένη.
« Kai epataxe tous echthrous autōn eis ta opisō. oneidos aiōnion edōken autois. » Hoion gar tina hypnon tēn makrothymian aposeisamenos, tois allophylois epēnenke tēn plēgēn, di᾽ hēn eponeidistoi para pasin egenonto. Legei de tēs edras to pathos, hoper hē historia didaskei. Touto de kai hē prophēteia dedēlōken ; ephē gar ; « Kai epataxe tous echthrous autōn eis ta opisō ; ; semnoteron to meros dēlōsasa to dexamenon tēn plēgēn. Hypnon de tēn makrothymian ekalesen; ex oinou de kraipalēn, tēn aganaktēsin. Kathaper gar epeisakton esti Theou, timōria dikaiōs tois plēmmelousin epagomenē.
"And he struck his enemies in the hinder parts; he gave them an everlasting reproach." "For shaking off his long-suffering as though it were a sleep, he brought the blow on the Philistines, because of which they became a reproach to all." He means the affliction of the seat, which the history teaches; and the prophecy too showed this, for it said, "And he struck his enemies in the hinder parts," indicating more decently the part that received the blow. He called long-suffering "sleep," and indignation "being overcome with wine." For just as [drunkenness] is something brought in from outside, so punishment justly brought on offenders is foreign to God.
Ps 78:66 (77:66 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 5:6 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:66: God struck the Philistines with the affliction of tumors; his sleep is long-suffering and his waking from wine is just anger.
- The last sentence is incomplete in the text as printed; translated by sense with the missing word supplied in brackets.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (opening quotation mark misread as a bracket (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): ] Καὶ ἐπάταξε τοὺς → « Καὶ ἐπάταξε τοὺς; τιμωρία σε δικαίως → τιμωρία δικαίως.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.66 (PG 80 80:1499; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-66). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-66
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.67PG 80 80:1501
« Καὶ ἀπώσατο τὸ σκήνωμα Ἰωσὴφ, καὶ τὴν φυλὴν Ἐφραὶμ οὐκ ἐξελέξατο.» Πάλιν τὰς ἄλλας καταλιπών φυλὰς, μόνης μέμνηται τῆς Ἐφραίμ, τὴν ἐσομένην προορῶν τυραννίδα. Ἐκ ταύτης γὰρ Ἱεροβοὰμ ὁρμώμενος, τὰς δέκα φυλὰς ἐκ τῆς Δαβιτικῆς ἀπέῤῥηξε βασιλείας · Ἰωσὴφ δὲ καὶ Ἐφραὶμ τὴν αὐτὴν λέγει φυλήν · υἱὸς γὰρ τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ ὁ Ἐφραΐμ. ᾿Απωσθῆναι δὲ αὐτὴν λέγει, τῷ μὴ διαμεῖναι ἐν τῇ Σηλώμ τὴν σκηνὴν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐν τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ τῆς θείας κιβωτοῦ μεταβῆναι τὴν χάριν, ἐν ᾗ καὶ ὁ Σολομών μετὰ ταῦτα τὸν θεῖον νεὼν ἐδείματο.
« Kai apōsato to skēnōma Iōsēph, kai tēn phylēn Ephraim ouk exelexato.» Palin tas allas katalipōn phylas, monēs memnētai tēs Ephraim, tēn esomenēn proorōn tyrannida. Ek tautēs gar Hieroboam hormōmenos, tas deka phylas ek tēs Dabitikēs aperrhēxe basileias ; Iōsēph de kai Ephraim tēn autēn legei phylēn ; huios gar tou Iōsēph ho Ephraïm. ᾿Apōsthēnai de autēn legei, tǭ mē diameinai en tę̄ Sēlōm tēn skēnēn, all᾽ en tę̄ Hierousalēm tēs theias kibōtou metabēnai tēn charin, en hę̄ kai ho Solomōn meta tauta ton theion neōn edeimato.
"And he rejected the tent of Joseph and did not choose the tribe of Ephraim." Again, leaving the other tribes, he mentions only Ephraim, foreseeing the tyranny to come. For Jeroboam, coming from this tribe, broke the ten tribes away from the kingdom of David. By Joseph and Ephraim he means the same tribe; for Ephraim was the son of Joseph. He says it was rejected because the tabernacle did not remain in Shiloh, but the grace of the divine ark moved to Jerusalem, in which Solomon later built the divine temple.
Ps 78:67 (77:67 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Kgs 12:20 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:67: God rejected Ephraim, home of the future schismatic Jeroboam, moving the ark from Shiloh to Jerusalem.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.67 (PG 80 80:1501; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-67). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-67
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.68PG 80 80:1501
« Καὶ ἐξελέξατο τὴν φυλὴν Ἰούδα · τὸ ὄρος τὸ Σιὼν, ὁ ἡγάπησεν. » Ἐξελέξατο μέντοι τὴν φυλὴν Ἰούδα, διὰ τὴν ἐξ Ἰεσσαὶ ῥάβδον ἀνθήσειν προσδοκωμένην. Ταύτην δὲ τὴν βλάστην καὶ ὁ πατριάρχης Ἰακώβ προεθέσπισεν εὐλογῶν τὸν Ἰούδαν· μέμνηται δὲ αὐτῆς καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος Παῦλος, ούτωσὶ λέγων· · Πρόδηλον δὲ ὅτι ἐξ Ἰούδα ἀνατέταλκεν ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστός. » Ταύτης οὖν ἕνεκα τὴν Ἰούδα φυλὴν τῶν ἄλλων προείλετο· ἐπειδὴ δὲ τοῦτό πως ἡγνοεῖτο τοῖς πολλοῖς τὸ μυστήριον, μάλα σαφῶς ἐπήγαγε· « Τὸ ὄρος τὸ Σιών, ὁ ἠγάπησεν, » ἵνα τῶν ἄλλων φυλῶν κατασβέσῃ τὸν φθόνον, μονονουχὶ λέγων· Μηδεμίαν ἀφορμὴν ζηλοτυπίας εἰσδέξησθε. Διὰ γὰρ τὸ Σιὼν ὄρος ἐξελέξατο τὴν Ἰούδα φυλήν. "Αλλως τε καὶ σεβάσμιον βούλεται δεῖξαι τὸ ὄρος, διὰ τὸν οἰκοδομηθησόμενον νεὼν ἐν αὐτῷ.
« Kai exelexato tēn phylēn Iouda ; to oros to Siōn, ho hēgapēsen. » Exelexato mentoi tēn phylēn Iouda, dia tēn ex Iessai rhabdon anthēsein prosdokōmenēn. Tautēn de tēn blastēn kai ho patriarchēs Iakōb proethespisen eulogōn ton Ioudan; memnētai de autēs kai ho thespesios Paulos, outōsi legōn; ; Prodēlon de hoti ex Iouda anatetalken ho Kyrios hēmōn Iēsous Christos. » Tautēs oun heneka tēn Iouda phylēn tōn allōn proeileto; epeidē de touto pōs hēgnoeito tois pollois to mystērion, mala saphōs epēgage; « To oros to Siōn, ho ēgapēsen, » hina tōn allōn phylōn katasbesę̄ ton phthonon, mononouchi legōn; Mēdemian aphormēn zēlotypias eisdexēsthe. Dia gar to Siōn oros exelexato tēn Iouda phylēn. "Allōs te kai sebasmion bouletai deixai to oros, dia ton oikodomēthēsomenon neōn en autǭ.
"And he chose the tribe of Judah, Mount Zion which he loved." He chose the tribe of Judah because of the rod expected to blossom from Jesse. The patriarch Jacob foretold this shoot when he blessed Judah; and the inspired Paul mentions it too, saying, "For it is evident that our Lord Jesus Christ has sprung from Judah." For this reason he preferred the tribe of Judah to the others. And since this mystery was somehow unknown to most, he very plainly added, "Mount Zion, which he loved," to quench the envy of the other tribes, as if saying, "Admit no occasion of jealousy; for he chose the tribe of Judah because of Mount Zion." Besides, he wishes to show the mountain to be revered because of the temple to be built on it.
Ps 78:68 (77:68 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 11:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 49:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Heb 7:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:68: God chose Judah for the shoot of Jesse, Christ, and named Zion to forestall the other tribes' envy.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray word (OCR)): σαφῶς τὸ ἐπήγαγε → σαφῶς ἐπήγαγε.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.68 (PG 80 80:1501; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-68). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-68
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos-77-68) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
77.69PG 80 80:1501
« Καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν ὡς μονοκερώτων τὸ ἁγίασμα αὐτοῦ. » Κέρατι τὸν μονόκερων ἑνὶ καθωπλίσθαι φασίν · ἕνα δὲ προσκυνεῖν Θεὸν καὶ ὁ νόμος ἐδίδαξεν. Εἰκότως τοίνυν ἀπείκασε μονοκέρωτι τὸν ἕνα νεὼν, τὸν τῷ ἑνὶ ἀφιερωμένον Θεῷ. « Ἐν τῇ γῇ ἐθεμελίωσεν αὐτὴν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως· Ὡς τὴν γῆν, ἣν ἐθεμελίωσας εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. Καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι δὲ τὴν αὐτὴν διάνοιαν ἡρμηνεύκασι. Λέγει τοίνυν, ὅτι καθάπερ μίαν ἐδημιούργησε γῆν, οὕτω νεὼν Ἰουδαίοις ἕνα δημιουργῆσαι προσέταξε. « Καὶ ἐξελέξατο Δαβὶδ τὸν δοῦλον αὑτοῦ, καὶ ἀνέλαβεν αὐτὸν ἐκ τῶν ποιμνίων τῶν προβάτων. › Κατὰ ταυτὸν διὰ τούτων ἐδήλωσε, καὶ τοῦ Δαβὶδ τὴν ἀρετὴν, δοῦλον αὐτὸν ὀνομάσας Θεοῦ, καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν φιλοτιμίαν, ὅτι τὸν προβατέα βασιλέα πεποίηκεν. Ἐξόπισθεν τῶν λοχευομένων ἔλαβεν αὐτόν.» Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως· ᾿Ακολουθοῦντα ἐγκύμοσιν ἤγαγεν αὐτόν. Ἐπίτασις δὲ τῆς φιλοτιμίας καὶ τοῦτο · οὐδὲ γὰρ ποιμὴν τέλειος ἦν, ἀλλ᾿ ὑπουργὸς ποιμένος, τοῖς τίκτουσι τῶν προβάτων ἑπόμενος. • Ποιμαίνειν Ἰακὼβ τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ Ἰσραὴλ τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐποίμανεν αὐτοὺς ἐν τῇ ἀκακίᾳ τῆς καρδίας αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐν ταῖς συνέσεσι τῶν χειρῶν αὐτοῦ ὡδήγησεν αὐτούς. » Καὶ τοῦτο δὲ δείκνυσι τὴν τῆς κηδεμονίας ὑπερβολήν· οὐ γὰρ τοῖς τυχοῦσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐπέστησε τὸν τῶν προβάτων νομέα, ἀλλ᾽ ἁπλότητι σύνεσιν κεράσας, κατὰ τοὺς θείους αὐτοὺς ἐποδήγησε νόμους. Τούτοις ἔοικεν ἡ τοῦ Κυρίου νομοθεσία · « Γίνεσθε φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις, καὶ ἀκέραιοι ὡς αἱ περιστεραί. » Ἑκατέρου γὰρ ἐξορίσας κακίαν, καὶ τοῦ μὲν τὴν κακουργίαν, τῆς δὲ τὴν ἄνοιαν ἐξελὼν, τὴν ἐπαινουμένην ἐκέρασεν ἀρετήν. Ταύτην καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐν ἑαυτοῖς κατορθῶσαι προσήκει, καὶ τῷ μακαρίῳ Δαβὶδ κληθέντας παραπλησίως, μᾶλλον δὲ ἐπὶ μείζοσι· μειζόνων γὰρ πραγμάτων διακονίαν ἐνεχειρίσθημεν· ἀξίως περιπατῆσαι τῆς κλήσεως, ἧς ἐκλήθημεν, κατὰ τὴν τοῦ θεσπεσίου Παύλου νομοθεσίαν.
« Kai ǭkodomēsen hōs monokerōtōn to hagiasma autou. » Kerati ton monokerōn heni kathōplisthai phasin ; hena de proskynein Theon kai ho nomos edidaxen. Eikotōs toinyn apeikase monokerōti ton hena neōn, ton tǭ heni aphierōmenon Theǭ. « En tę̄ gę̄ ethemeliōsen autēn eis ton aiōna. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs; Hōs tēn gēn, hēn ethemeliōsas eis ton aiōna. Kai hoi alloi de tēn autēn dianoian hērmēneukasi. Legei toinyn, hoti kathaper mian edēmiourgēse gēn, houtō neōn Ioudaiois hena dēmiourgēsai prosetaxe. « Kai exelexato Dabid ton doulon hautou, kai anelaben auton ek tōn poimniōn tōn probatōn. › Kata tauton dia toutōn edēlōse, kai tou Dabid tēn aretēn, doulon auton onomasas Theou, kai tou Theou tēn philotimian, hoti ton probatea basilea pepoiēken. Exopisthen tōn locheuomenōn elaben auton.» Ho de Symmachos houtōs; ᾿Akolouthounta enkymosin ēgagen auton. Epitasis de tēs philotimias kai touto ; oude gar poimēn teleios ēn, all᾿ hypourgos poimenos, tois tiktousi tōn probatōn hepomenos. • Poimainein Iakōb ton doulon autou, kai Israēl tēn klēronomian autou; kai epoimanen autous en tę̄ akakią tēs kardias autou, kai en tais synesesi tōn cheirōn autou hōdēgēsen autous. » Kai touto de deiknysi tēn tēs kēdemonias hyperbolēn; ou gar tois tychousin anthrōpois epestēse ton tōn probatōn nomea, all᾽ haplotēti synesin kerasas, kata tous theious autous epodēgēse nomous. Toutois eoiken hē tou Kyriou nomothesia ; « Ginesthe phronimoi hōs hoi opheis, kai akeraioi hōs hai peristerai. » Hekaterou gar exorisas kakian, kai tou men tēn kakourgian, tēs de tēn anoian exelōn, tēn epainoumenēn ekerasen aretēn. Tautēn kai hēmas en heautois katorthōsai prosēkei, kai tǭ makariǭ Dabid klēthentas paraplēsiōs, mallon de epi meizosi; meizonōn gar pragmatōn diakonian enecheiristhēmen; axiōs peripatēsai tēs klēseōs, hēs eklēthēmen, kata tēn tou thespesiou Paulou nomothesian.
"And he built his sanctuary like that of unicorns." They say that the unicorn is armed with one horn; and the law taught them to worship one God. So he rightly likened to a unicorn the one temple dedicated to the one God. "On the earth he founded it forever." Symmachus has: "Like the earth, which you founded forever." The others too rendered the same sense. He says, then, that just as he created one earth, so he commanded the Jews to build one temple. "And he chose David his servant and took him from the flocks of sheep." At the same time he showed by these words both David's virtue, naming him a servant of God, and God's generosity, in making the shepherd a king. "From following the ewes with young he took him." Symmachus has: "Following the pregnant ones he brought him." This too heightens the generosity; for he was not even a full shepherd, but a shepherd's helper, following the sheep giving birth. "To shepherd Jacob his servant and Israel his inheritance; and he shepherded them in the innocence of his heart, and guided them by the understanding of his hands." This too shows the excess of his care; for he did not set the shepherd of sheep over ordinary men; but mixing understanding with simplicity, David guided them according to the divine laws. Like this is the Lord's legislation: "Be wise as serpents and innocent as doves." For banishing the vice of each, removing the serpent's malice and the dove's folly, he mixed the virtue that is praised. We too ought to achieve this in ourselves, having been called like the blessed David, or rather to greater things (for we have been entrusted with the ministry of greater matters), and to walk worthily of the calling with which we were called, according to the legislation of the inspired Paul.
Ps 78:69 (77:69 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:70 (77:70 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:71 (77:71 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 78:72 (77:72 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 16:11 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 10:16 (quotation, high confidence) · Eph 4:1 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 78:69-72: the one temple suits the one God; God took David from following the ewes to shepherd Israel with innocence and understanding, a model for Christians.
- "Unicorns" follows the Septuagint (μονοκέρωτες).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray letter (OCR); stray letters (OCR); stray mark (OCR); verse number leaked into the text (OCR)): μονοκερώτων τ τὸ ἁγίασμα → μονοκερώτων τὸ ἁγίασμα; Ἐν τῇ γῇ τὸ ἐθεμελίωσεν → « Ἐν τῇ γῇ ἐθεμελίωσεν; ἐθεμελίωσας " εἰς → ἐθεμελίωσας εἰς; προσέταξε. σ΄. « → προσέταξε. «; ποιμὴν τέλειος το ἦν → ποιμὴν τέλειος ἦν; μεί· ζοσι → μείζοσι.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 77.69 (PG 80 80:1501; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-69). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/77-69
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.