Exodus 25 in the early church
118 passages quote, allude to, or echo Exodus 25, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 13 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 25 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 37 · 39 · 40
Exodus 25:1
Then the LORD said to Moses,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:1–31:11 | On First Principles 4.2.2 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Exod 25:1–27:21 | Letter 64.9 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 25:1–40 | Exodus, lines 1066–1089 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Exodus 25:2
“Tell the Israelites to bring Me an offering. You are to receive My offering from every man whose heart compels him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:2 | Homilies on Exodus 9.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 25:2–8 | Against Adimantus, a Disciple of Mani 10 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 394 |
Exodus 25:3
This is the offering you are to accept from them: gold, silver, and bronze;
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:3 | Homilies on Exodus 9.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 25:3 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 61.8.3 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, medium confidence | 374-377 |
| Exod 25:3–5 | Apology against Rufinus 2.26 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 401–402 |
| Exod 25:3–4 | Part 2, chapter 2 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Exodus 25:4
blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen and goat hair;
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:4 | Homilies on Joshua 0.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 25:4 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 61.8.2 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, medium confidence | 374-377 |
| Exod 25:4 | Exposition of Psalm 118 18.22.2 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Exodus 25:5
ram skins dyed red and fine leather; acacia wood;
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:5 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 61.8.2 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, medium confidence | 374-377 |
Exodus 25:7
and onyx stones and gemstones to be mounted on the ephod and breastpiece.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:7 | On the Christian Faith 2.0 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 378–380 |
Exodus 25:8
And they are to make a sanctuary for Me, so that I may dwell among them.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:8 | Homilies on Exodus 9.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Exodus 25:9
You must make the tabernacle and design all its furnishings according to the pattern I show you.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:9 | Hortatory Address to the Greeks 29 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 2nd–3rd century (disputed) |
Exodus 25:10
And they are to construct an ark of acacia wood, two and a half cubits long, a cubit and a half wide, and a cubit and a half high.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:10 | Against Heresies 2.24.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Exod 25:10–11 | On the Psalms, fragment 1 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 200–235 |
| Exod 25:10 | Commentary on Daniel 1.17-18 · Hippolytus of Rome | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Exod 25:10 | Commentary on Daniel 4.24 · Hippolytus of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Exod 25:10 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.160 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Exod 25:10 | Commentary on Romans 3.8 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Exod 25:10 | On the Holy Spirit 4.6 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 374–375 |
| Exod 25:10 | On Noah 16 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 378-384 |
| Exod 25:10–40 | On the Life of Moses 379 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 385–395 |
| Exod 25:10 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 15.4 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, low confidence | ca. 398–400 |
Exodus 25:11
Overlay it with pure gold both inside and out, and make a gold molding around it.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:11 | Fragment 8 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 170–200 |
| Exod 25:11 | Against Heresies 4.39.2 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, low confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Exod 25:11 | Commentary on Daniel 4.24 · Hippolytus of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Exod 25:11 | Homilies on Ezekiel 7.2 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| Exod 25:11 | Tractates on the Psalms 131.16 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Exod 25:11 | Letter 22.24 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 25:11 | On Noah 16 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 378-384 |
Exodus 25:13
And make poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:13 | Commentary on Romans 3.8 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
Exodus 25:15
The poles are to remain in the rings of the ark; they must not be removed.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:15 | On Noah 16 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 378-384 |
Exodus 25:16
And place inside the ark the Testimony, which I will give you.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:16 | Miscellanies 6.16.133 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Exod 25:16 | City of God 10.17 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Exod 25:16 | Sermon 134 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 425-450 |
Exodus 25:17
And you are to construct a mercy seat of pure gold, two and a half cubits long and a cubit and a half wide.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:17 | Against Heresies 2.24.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Exod 25:17–22 | Commentary on John 1.240 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Exod 25:17 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.160 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Exod 25:17 | Commentary on Romans 3.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Exod 25:17 | Demonstration of the Gospel 8.2.23 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Exodus 25:18
Make two cherubim of hammered gold at the ends of the mercy seat,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:18 | Miscellanies 5.6.35 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Exod 25:18 | Against Marcion 2.22 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Exod 25:18 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.159 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Exod 25:18 | Commentary on Romans 3.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Exod 25:18 | Theological Oration 5 (Or. 31), On the Holy Spirit 18 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | 380 |
| Exod 25:18 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 7 · Eucherius of Lyon | allusion, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
Exodus 25:19
one cherub on one end and one on the other, all made from one piece of gold.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:19 | Commentary on Romans 3.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
Exodus 25:20
And the cherubim are to have wings that spread upward, overshadowing the mercy seat. The cherubim are to face each other, looking toward the mercy seat.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:20 | PG 12:1581 (Ps 117–118 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Exod 25:20 | Commentary on Romans 3.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
Exodus 25:21
Set the mercy seat atop the ark and put the Testimony that I will give you into the ark.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:21 | Commentary on Romans 3.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Exod 25:21 | On Fleeing the World 16 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-391 |
Exodus 25:22
And I will meet with you there above the mercy seat, between the two cherubim that are over the ark of the Testimony; I will speak with you about all that I command you regarding the Israelites.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:22 | Commentary on Romans 3.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Exod 25:22 | Catechetical Lecture 2.17 · Cyril of Jerusalem | allusion, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Exod 25:22 | Letter 22.24 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 25:22 | On the Complaints of Job and David 3.19 · Ambrose | allusion, low confidence | ca. 383-390 |
| Exod 25:22 | On Fleeing the World 16 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-391 |
Exodus 25:23
You are also to make a table of acacia wood two cubits long, a cubit wide, and a cubit and a half high.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:23 | Against Heresies 2.24.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Exod 25:23 | Miscellanies 6.11.87 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Exod 25:23 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.160 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Exod 25:23–30 | Part 2, chapter 2 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Exodus 25:25
And make a rim around it a handbreadth wide and put a gold molding on the rim.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:25 | Miscellanies 6.11.87 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
Exodus 25:30
And place the Bread of the Presence on the table before Me at all times.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:30 | Letter 64.9 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 25:30 | Altercatio, chapter 4, speech 2 · Evagrius of Gaul | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 400 |
| Exod 25:30 | Letter 36.24 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386–430 |
Exodus 25:31
Then you are to make a lampstand of pure, hammered gold. It shall be made of one piece, including its base and shaft, its cups, and its buds and petals.
Exodus 25:32
Six branches are to extend from the sides of the lampstand—three on one side and three on the other.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:32 | Miscellanies 5.6.34 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
Exodus 25:37
Make seven lamps and set them up on the lampstand so that they illuminate the area in front of it.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:37 | To Quirinus 1.20 · Cyprian of Carthage | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Exod 25:37 | To Fortunatus 11 · Cyprian of Carthage | allusion, medium confidence | 253 or 257 |
| Exod 25:37 | Oration 41.4 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Exod 25:37 | Letter 64.9 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Exodus 25:39
The lampstand and all these utensils shall be made from a talent of pure gold.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 25:39 | Commentary on Matthew 14.10 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 246–248 |
Exodus 25:40
See to it that you make everything according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.