Numbers 16 in the early church
153 passages quote, allude to, or echo Numbers 16, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 5 · 12 · 13 · 15 · 18 · 19 · 21 · 22 · 26 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 35 · 36 · 37 · 38 · 39 · 40 · 41 · 42 · 43 · 45 · 46 · 47 · 48 · 49
Numbers 16:1
Now Korah son of Izhar, the son of Kohath son of Levi, along with some Reubenites—Dathan and Abiram, sons of Eliab, and On son of Peleth—conducted
Numbers 16:2
a rebellion against Moses, along with 250 men of Israel renowned as leaders of the congregation and representatives in the assembly.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:2 | On the Governance of God 1.56 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
Numbers 16:3
They came together against Moses and Aaron and told them, “You have taken too much upon yourselves! For everyone in the entire congregation is holy, and the LORD is in their midst. Why then do you exalt yourselves above the assembly of the LORD?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:3 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.2.6 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Num 16:3 | On the Governance of God 1.56 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
Numbers 16:5
Then he said to Korah and all his followers, “Tomorrow morning the LORD will reveal who belongs to Him and who is holy, and He will bring that person near to Himself. The one He chooses He will bring near to Himself.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:5 | Commentary on 2 Timothy 2:19 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
Numbers 16:12
Then Moses summoned Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab, but they said, “We will not come!
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:12–14 | Oration 13.3 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Num 16:12–14 | Apologetic Book 9.3 · Orosius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 415–416 |
Numbers 16:13
Is it not enough that you have brought us up out of a land flowing with milk and honey to kill us in the wilderness? Must you also appoint yourself as ruler over us?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:13–14 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.2.5 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
Numbers 16:15
Then Moses became very angry and said to the LORD, “Do not regard their offering. I have not taken one donkey from them or mistreated a single one of them.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:15 | Against Heresies 4.26.4 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Num 16:15 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.2.7 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
Numbers 16:18
So each man took his censer, put fire and incense in it, and stood with Moses and Aaron at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:18 | Letter 96.12 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Numbers 16:19
When Korah had gathered his whole assembly against them at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting, the glory of the LORD appeared to the whole congregation.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:19 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.2.5 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
Numbers 16:21
“Separate yourselves from this congregation so that I may consume them in an instant.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:21 | On Not Agreeing with Heretics 2 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Num 16:21 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.4.3 · Anonymous | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| Num 16:21 | On the Duties of the Clergy 3.12 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
Numbers 16:22
But Moses and Aaron fell facedown and said, “O God, the God of the spirits of all flesh, when one man sins, will You be angry with the whole congregation?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:22 | 1 Clement 59.3 · Clement of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Num 16:22 | 1 Clement 64.1 · Clement of Rome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Num 16:22 | Apostolic Constitutions 8.38.4 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Num 16:22 | Expositio fidei 2 · Eunomius of Cyzicus | echo, medium confidence | 383 |
Numbers 16:26
And he warned the congregation, “Move away now from the tents of these wicked men. Do not touch anything that belongs to them, or you will be swept away because of all their sins.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:26 | Letter 67.3 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Num 16:26 | Letter 69.9 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
| Num 16:26 | On the Destruction of Jerusalem 5.16 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370 |
| Num 16:26 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.4.3 · Anonymous | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
Numbers 16:30
But if the LORD brings about something unprecedented, and the earth opens its mouth and swallows them and all that belongs to them so that they go down alive into Sheol, then you will know that these men have treated the LORD with contempt.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:30 | Homilies 10.6 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Num 16:30–33 | On Baptism, against the Donatists 2.16 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 400–401 |
Numbers 16:31
As soon as Moses had finished saying all this, the ground beneath them split open,
Numbers 16:32
and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them and their households—all Korah’s men and all their possessions.
Numbers 16:33
They went down alive into Sheol with all they owned. The earth closed over them, and they vanished from the assembly.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:33 | 1 Clement 4.12 · Clement of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Num 16:33 | 1 Clement 51.4 · Clement of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 95–97 (range ca. 70–100) |
| Num 16:33 | Long recension, Magnesians 3 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | later 4th century (probable) |
| Num 16:33 | Ancoratus 99.1 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374 |
| Num 16:33 | Exposition of Psalm 118 5.47.1 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Numbers 16:35
And fire came forth from the LORD and consumed the 250 men who were offering the incense.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:35 | Homilies on Numbers 9.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:35–38 | Demonstration 4.3 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Num 16:35–40 | Against Parmenian the Donatist 6.3 · Optatus of Milevis | allusion, high confidence | ca. 366–385 |
| Num 16:35 | Question 101, section 7 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Num 16:35 | Question 110, section 7 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Num 16:35 | Apostolic Constitutions 6.2.7 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Num 16:35 | Apostolic Constitutions 8.46.3 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Num 16:35 | Letter 43.24 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Num 16:35 | Letter 51.1 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Num 16:35 | Letter 87.4 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Num 16:35 | Hymn 1 (108 lines) · Sedulius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Num 16:35 | On the Governance of God 1.56 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
Numbers 16:36
Then the LORD said to Moses,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:36–50 | Numbers, lines 449–472 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Numbers 16:37
“Tell Eleazar son of Aaron the priest to remove the censers from the flames and to scatter the coals far away, because the censers are holy.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:37 (17:2 LXX) | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 575 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Num 16:37 (17:2 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:37–38 | Tractates on the Psalms 68.22 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
Numbers 16:38
As for the censers of those who sinned at the cost of their own lives, hammer them into sheets to overlay the altar, for these were presented before the LORD, and so have become holy. They will serve as a sign to the Israelites.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:38 (17:3 LXX) | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 575 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Num 16:38 (17:3 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Numbers 16:39
So Eleazar the priest took the bronze censers brought by those who had been burned up, and he had them hammered out to overlay the altar,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:39 (17:4 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Numbers 16:40
just as the LORD commanded him through Moses. This was to be a reminder to the Israelites that no outsider who is not a descendant of Aaron should approach to offer incense before the LORD, lest he become like Korah and his followers.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:40 (17:5 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:40 (17:5 Vulg.) | Letter 69.8 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | 249/250–258 |
Numbers 16:41
The next day the whole congregation of Israel grumbled against Moses and Aaron, saying, “You have killed the LORD’s people!”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:41 (17:6 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:41–49 | Commentary on 1 Corinthians 10:10 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Num 16:41 | On the Governance of God 1.57 · Salvian of Marseilles | quotation, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
Numbers 16:42
But when the congregation gathered against them, Moses and Aaron turned toward the Tent of Meeting, and suddenly the cloud covered it and the glory of the LORD appeared.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:42 (17:7 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Numbers 16:43
Then Moses and Aaron went to the front of the Tent of Meeting,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:43 (17:8 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Numbers 16:45
“Get away from this congregation so that I may consume them in an instant.” And Moses and Aaron fell facedown.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:45 (17:10 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Numbers 16:46
Moses said to Aaron, “Take your censer, place fire from the altar in it, and add incense. Go quickly to the congregation and make atonement for them, because wrath has come out from the LORD; the plague has begun.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:46 (17:11 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:46–48 | Oration 16.20 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Num 16:46–48 | Letter 128.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Num 16:46–48 | Apostolic Constitutions 7.37.2 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Num 16:46–48 | Commentary on Jeremiah 2.37 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Numbers 16:47
So Aaron took the censer as Moses had ordered and ran into the midst of the assembly. And seeing that the plague had begun among the people, he offered the incense and made atonement for the people.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:47 (17:12 LXX) | Homilies on Joshua 26.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:47 (17:12 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:47 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 39.8.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
Numbers 16:48
He stood between the living and the dead, and the plague was halted.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:48 (17:13 LXX) | Homilies on Joshua 26.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:48 (17:13 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:48 (17:13 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:48 (17:13 LXX) | Homilies on Numbers 9.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Num 16:48 | On the Destruction of Jerusalem 3.16 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370 |
| Num 16:48 | On the Destruction of Jerusalem 3.17 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370 |
| Num 16:48 | On the Destruction of Jerusalem 5.2 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370 |
| Num 16:48 | Letter 78.17 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Num 16:48 | On Tobit 76 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380-390 |
| Num 16:48 | On the Duties of the Clergy 2.4 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| Num 16:48 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 39.8.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
Numbers 16:49
But those who died from the plague numbered 14,700, in addition to those who had died on account of Korah.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Num 16:49 | On the Governance of God 1.57 · Salvian of Marseilles | allusion, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |