Interpretation of the Psalms 78.1–80.17
Greek text: PG 80.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 78
78.1PG 80 80:1503
« Ψαλμὸς τῷ ᾿Ασάφ. » ᾿Αντιόχου, τοῦ ἐπίκλην Ἐπιφανοῦς, τὴν κατὰ τοῦ λαοῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων μανίαν ὁ προφητικὸς προθεσπίζει λόγος. Τὴν δὲ χρησμολογίαν εἰς εὐχὴν σχηματίζει, ὡς ὑπὸ τῶν εὐσεβῶν τῶν ἐσομένων τηνικαῦτα προσφερομένην, οὐδέπω μὲν νενικηκότων, ἔτι δὲ περικλυζομένων ταῖς συμφοραῖς. « Ὁ Θεὸς, ἤλθοσαν ἔθνη εἰς τὴν κληρονομίαν σου, ἐμίαναν τὸν ναὸν τὸν ἅγιόν σου. » Σοφῶς ἡ τοῦ Πνεύματος χάρις τοὺς ταῖς χαλεπαῖς ἐκείναις προσπαλαίοντας συμφοραῖς ἐδίδαξεν ἄρξασθαι τῆς ἱκετείας. Οὐ γὰρ τὰ οἰκεῖα πρότερον διηγήσαντο πάθη · ἀλλὰ τὴν κατὰ τοῦ θείου νεὼ τολμηθεῖσαν ἀσέβειαν, ὡς τοῦ νεὼ μηδὲν εἰς τὸν θεῖον πλημμελήσαντος νόμον. Ἔθνη, φησὶ, δυσσεβείᾳ καὶ παρανομίᾳ συζῶντα τῆς σῆς κληρονομίας ἐκράτησαν. Ἐπιβῆναι γὰρ τῶν ἀδύτων τοῦ σοῦ νεὼ κατετόλμησαν. Οὐ βωμοῖς δὲ μόνον, καὶ θυσίαις δαιμόνων, τὰ σὰ κατεμίαναν ἅγια.
« Psalmos tǭ ᾿Asaph. » ᾿Antiochou, tou epiklēn Epiphanous, tēn kata tou laou tōn Ioudaiōn manian ho prophētikos prothespizei logos. Tēn de chrēsmologian eis euchēn schēmatizei, hōs hypo tōn eusebōn tōn esomenōn tēnikauta prospheromenēn, oudepō men nenikēkotōn, eti de periklyzomenōn tais symphorais. « Ho Theos, ēlthosan ethnē eis tēn klēronomian sou, emianan ton naon ton hagion sou. » Sophōs hē tou Pneumatos charis tous tais chalepais ekeinais prospalaiontas symphorais edidaxen arxasthai tēs hiketeias. Ou gar ta oikeia proteron diēgēsanto pathē ; alla tēn kata tou theiou neō tolmētheisan asebeian, hōs tou neō mēden eis ton theion plēmmelēsantos nomon. Ethnē, phēsi, dyssebeią kai paranomią syzōnta tēs sēs klēronomias ekratēsan. Epibēnai gar tōn adytōn tou sou neō katetolmēsan. Ou bōmois de monon, kai thysiais daimonōn, ta sa katemianan hagia.
"A psalm of Asaph." The prophetic word foretells the madness of Antiochus, surnamed Epiphanes, against the people of the Jews. It frames the oracle as a prayer, offered by the pious who would live then, not yet victorious but still flooded with misfortunes. "O God, the nations have come into your inheritance; they have defiled your holy temple." The grace of the Spirit wisely taught those wrestling with those grievous misfortunes how to begin their supplication. For they did not first recount their own sufferings, but the impiety dared against the divine temple, since the temple had committed no offense against the divine law. "Nations," he says, "living in impiety and lawlessness, have mastered your inheritance. For they dared to enter the innermost places of your temple; and they defiled your holy things not only with altars but with sacrifices to demons."
Ps 79:1 (78:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79, title and verse 1: the psalm foretells Antiochus Epiphanes' desecration of the temple, voiced by the pious of that time.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slips; split word (OCR)): τῶν εὐσεβάν & τῶν ἑσομένων → τῶν εὐσεβῶν τῶν ἐσομένων; κατετόλμη σαν → κατετόλμησαν.
Extrabiblical texts: 1 Macc 1:21-24 (1 Maccabees [in RC, EO canons]; allusion); 1 Macc 1:54 (1 Maccabees [in RC, EO canons]; allusion)
Topics: Persecution
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.1 (PG 80 80:1503; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.2PG 80 80:1503
« Ἔθεντο Ἱερουσαλήμ εἰς ὀπωροφυλάκιον. » "Αρδην γὰρ πᾶσαν τὴν πόλιν πορθήσαντες, οὐδὲν σκηνῆς διαφέρειν εἰς ὀπωροφυλάκιον γενομένης, τὴν πολυθρύλλητον ἐπέφηναν Ἱερουσαλήμ. • Ἔθεντο τὰ θνησιμαῖα τῶν δούλων σου βρώματα τοῖς πετεινοῖς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, τὰς σάρκας τῶν ὁσίων σου τοῖς θηρίοις τῆς γῆς. ».Τοσαύτῃ θηριωδίᾳ καὶ μανίᾳ κατὰ τῶν σῶν θεραπόντων ἐχρήσαντο, ὡς τοῖς θηρίοις καὶ τοῖς τῶν πετεινῶν σαρκοβόροις τὰ τούτων σώματα προθεῖναι θοίνην.
« Ethento Hierousalēm eis opōrophylakion. » "Ardēn gar pasan tēn polin porthēsantes, ouden skēnēs diapherein eis opōrophylakion genomenēs, tēn polythryllēton epephēnan Hierousalēm. • Ethento ta thnēsimaia tōn doulōn sou brōmata tois peteinois tou ouranou, tas sarkas tōn hosiōn sou tois thēriois tēs gēs. ».Tosautę̄ thēriōdią kai manią kata tōn sōn therapontōn echrēsanto, hōs tois thēriois kai tois tōn peteinōn sarkoborois ta toutōn sōmata protheinai thoinēn.
"They made Jerusalem a watchman's hut in an orchard." For having sacked the whole city utterly, they made the celebrated Jerusalem no different from a booth turned into a watchman's hut in an orchard. "They gave the corpses of your servants as food to the birds of the sky, the flesh of your holy ones to the beasts of the earth." "They used such savagery and madness against your servants as to set their bodies as a feast for the beasts and the carrion birds."
Ps 79:1 (78:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 79:2 (78:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:1-2: the persecutors laid Jerusalem waste and left the bodies of God's servants to birds and beasts.
Topics: Persecution
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.2 (PG 80 80:1503; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.3PG 80 80:1505
« Ἑξέχεαν τὸ αἷμα αὐτῶν ὡσεὶ ὕδωρ κύκλῳ Ἱερουσαλήμ, καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ θάπτων. » Μιαιφόνον δὲ κεκτημένοι τὴν γνώμην, ἀναιροῦσι μὲν τοὺς εὐσεβείᾳ συζῶντας · αἱμάτων δὲ ὀχετοὺς κατὰ τῆς γῆς παρασκευάζουσι φέρεσθαι, τάφου δὲ ἀξιοῦσθαι τοὺς σφαττομένους οὐ συγχωροῦσιν.
« Hexechean to haima autōn hōsei hydōr kyklǭ Hierousalēm, kai ouk ēn ho thaptōn. » Miaiphonon de kektēmenoi tēn gnōmēn, anairousi men tous eusebeią syzōntas ; haimatōn de ochetous kata tēs gēs paraskeuazousi pheresthai, taphou de axiousthai tous sphattomenous ou synchōrousin.
"They poured out their blood like water around Jerusalem, and there was no one to bury." "Having a bloodthirsty mind, they kill those who live piously, make streams of blood flow over the earth, and do not allow the slaughtered to be counted worthy of burial."
Ps 79:3 (78:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:3: the pious were slaughtered and left unburied.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): τάφου θα δὲ → τάφου δὲ.
Topics: Martyrdom
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.3 (PG 80 80:1505; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.4PG 80 80:1505
« Ἑγενήθημεν ὄνειδος τοῖς γείτοσιν ἡμῶν, μυκτηρισμὸς καὶ χλευασμὸς τοῖς κύκλῳ ἡμῶν. › Ταῦτα ἡμᾶς ἐπονειδίστους τοῖς ὁμόροις εἰργάσαντο· διὰ ταῦτα ἐπίχαρτοι τοῖς πλησιοχώροις γεγόναμεν. Γείτονας δὲ καλεῖ τοὺς ᾿Αλλοφύλους, τοὺς Ἰδουμαίους, τοὺς ᾿Αμμανίτας, τοὺς Μωαβίτας, καὶ τὰ ἄλλα ἔθνη τὰ ὅμορα, ἅπερ αὐτοῖς ἀντίπαλα καὶ πολέμια ἦν ἀεί.
« Hegenēthēmen oneidos tois geitosin hēmōn, myktērismos kai chleuasmos tois kyklǭ hēmōn. › Tauta hēmas eponeidistous tois homorois eirgasanto; dia tauta epichartoi tois plēsiochōrois gegonamen. Geitonas de kalei tous ᾿Allophylous, tous Idoumaious, tous ᾿Ammanitas, tous Mōabitas, kai ta alla ethnē ta homora, haper autois antipala kai polemia ēn aei.
"We have become a reproach to our neighbors, a mockery and derision to those around us." "These things made us a reproach to the neighboring peoples; because of them we have become a cause of gloating to those nearby." He calls the Philistines, the Idumeans, the Ammonites, the Moabites, and the other bordering nations "neighbors"; they were always hostile and at war with them.
Ps 79:4 (78:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:4: Israel's hostile neighbors mocked its misfortunes.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.4 (PG 80 80:1505; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.5PG 80 80:1505
« Ἕως πότε, Κύριε, ὀργισθήσῃ εἰς τέλος · ἐκκαυθήσεται ὡς πῦρ ὁ ζῆλός σου;» Νομοθετῶν ὁ Θεὸς αὐτῷ μόνῳ λατρεύειν προσέταξε, καὶ ἕτερον μηδένα καλούμενον προσκυνῆσαι Θεὸν, « Ὅτι ἐγὼ, φησὶ, Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου, Θεὸς ζηλωτής, πῦρ καταναλίσκον. » [ ᾿Αλλ' ὡς πολλάκις ἡμῖν εἴρηται, μηδεὶς ἀκούων ἕνα Θεὸν μοναρχίαν ὑπολάβοι · τὴν γὰρ ἀπερινόητον καὶ ἀεὶ οὖσαν οὐσίαν τὴν ἐν Πατρὶ καὶ Υἱῷ καὶ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι προσκυνουμένην, Θεὸν ὀνομάζει· ὅτι δὲ νομοθετεῖ ὁ Θεὸς Λόγος, ὅς ἐστιν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ὁ Σωτὴρ ἡμῶν, οὐκ ἂν ἀμφιβάλοι ἕκαστος τῶν φιλομαθεστέρων. ] Τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθα ὁ προφητικὸς ἀνέμνησε λόγος · · Ἐκκαυθήσεται ὡς πῦρ ὁ ζῆλός σου. » Μὴ ἐπιπλεῖστον Δέσποτα, φησὶν, ὀργισθῇς, μηδὲ πυρὸς δίκην διὰ τὰς ἡμετέρας πλημμελείας τὸν καθ' ἡμῶν ζῆλον ἐξάψης.
« Heōs pote, Kyrie, orgisthēsę̄ eis telos ; ekkauthēsetai hōs pyr ho zēlos sou?» Nomothetōn ho Theos autǭ monǭ latreuein prosetaxe, kai heteron mēdena kaloumenon proskynēsai Theon, « Hoti egō, phēsi, Kyrios ho Theos sou, Theos zēlōtēs, pyr katanaliskon. » [ ᾿All' hōs pollakis hēmin eirētai, mēdeis akouōn hena Theon monarchian hypolaboi ; tēn gar aperinoēton kai aei ousan ousian tēn en Patri kai Huiǭ kai hagiǭ Pneumati proskynoumenēn, Theon onomazei; hoti de nomothetei ho Theos Logos, hos estin Iēsous Christos ho Sōtēr hēmōn, ouk an amphibaloi hekastos tōn philomathesterōn. ] Touto kai entautha ho prophētikos anemnēse logos ; ; Ekkauthēsetai hōs pyr ho zēlos sou. » Mē epipleiston Despota, phēsin, orgisthę̄s, mēde pyros dikēn dia tas hēmeteras plēmmeleias ton kath' hēmōn zēlon exapsēs.
"How long, O Lord, will you be angry to the end? Will your jealousy burn like fire?" When giving the law, God commanded that he alone be served and that no other so-called god be worshiped: "For I," he says, "am the Lord your God, a jealous God, a consuming fire." [But, as we have often said, let no one hearing "one God" suppose a monarchy of one person; for by "God" he names the incomprehensible and ever-existing essence worshiped in Father and Son and Holy Spirit. And that it is God the Word, who is Jesus Christ our Savior, who gives the law, none of the more studious would doubt.] The prophetic word recalled this here too: "Your jealousy will burn like fire." "Do not be angry, Master," he says, "for very long, nor kindle your jealousy against us like fire because of our offenses."
Ps 79:5 (78:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Deut 4:24 (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 20:5 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:5: the people ask how long God's jealousy, as the law describes it, will burn; an addition explains "one God" as the essence of Father, Son, and Spirit.
- The bracketed passage is bracketed in Migne, probably an addition from the catena. "Monarchy" here means the view that God is a single person.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (word displaced into the lemma by the OCR, restored; word of the comment run into the lemma (OCR)): Νομοθετῶν ὁ ἐκκαυθήσεται → ἐκκαυθήσεται; ὁ ζῆλός σου;» Θεὸς αὐτῷ → ὁ ζῆλός σου;» Νομοθετῶν ὁ Θεὸς αὐτῷ.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.5 (PG 80 80:1505; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.6PG 80 80:1505
« Ἔκχεον τὴν ὀργὴν σου ἐπὶ τὰ ἔθνη, τὰ μὴ γινώσκοντά σε, καὶ ἐπὶ βασιλείας, αἱ τὸ ὄνομά σου οὐκ ἐπεκαλέσαντο. » Ἐπειδὴ δίκας ἁμαρτημάτων τοὺς ἀνθρώπους εἰσπράττῃ, κατ᾿ ἐκείνων ἱκετεύω σε τὴν ὀργὴν μεταθεῖναι, οἳ παντάπασι τὸ σὸν μαθεῖν οὐκ ἐθέλουσιν ὄνομα, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἀκροτάτῃ δυσσεβείᾳ δουλεύουσιν.
« Ekcheon tēn orgēn sou epi ta ethnē, ta mē ginōskonta se, kai epi basileias, hai to onoma sou ouk epekalesanto. » Epeidē dikas hamartēmatōn tous anthrōpous eisprattę̄, kat᾿ ekeinōn hiketeuō se tēn orgēn metatheinai, hoi pantapasi to son mathein ouk ethelousin onoma, alla tę̄ akrotatę̄ dyssebeią douleuousin.
"Pour out your anger on the nations that do not know you, and on the kingdoms that have not called upon your name." "Since you exact from men the penalty for sins, I beg you to transfer your anger to those who are wholly unwilling to learn your name but serve the utmost impiety."
Ps 79:6 (78:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:6: the people ask God to turn his anger on the nations that do not know him.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip): ίχετεύω → ἱκετεύω.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.6 (PG 80 80:1505; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.7PG 80 80:1505
« Ὅτι κατέφαγον τὸν Ἰακώβ, καὶ τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ ἠρήμωσαν. » Σαφὲς δὲ καὶ τοῦτο τῆς ἐκείνων παρανομίας τεκμήριον · οὐδὲν γὰρ παρ᾿ ἡμῶν κακὸν ὑπομείναντες, ἡμᾶς μὲν σφαγαῖς κατηνάλωσαν, τὴν δὲ χώραν ἐδήωσαν, καὶ τὰς πόλεις ἐπόρθησαν. Τὸν δὲ τόπον αὐτοῦ, ᾿Ακύλας μὲν, ὡραῖον αὐτοῦ, Σύμμαχος δὲ καλλονὴν αὐτοῦ, ὁ δὲ Θεοδοτίων, εὐπρέπειαν αὐτοῦ ἡρμήνευσαν· δι' ὧν μᾶλλον ὁ θεῖος οἶκος δεδήλωται. Καλῶς δὲ τὸν λαὸν Ἰακώβ προςηγόρευσε, τῇ τοῦ προπάτορος μνήμῃ τὸν Θεὸν εἰς ἔλεον διεγείρων.
« Hoti katephagon ton Iakōb, kai ton topon autou ērēmōsan. » Saphes de kai touto tēs ekeinōn paranomias tekmērion ; ouden gar par᾿ hēmōn kakon hypomeinantes, hēmas men sphagais katēnalōsan, tēn de chōran edēōsan, kai tas poleis eporthēsan. Ton de topon autou, ᾿Akylas men, hōraion autou, Symmachos de kallonēn autou, ho de Theodotiōn, euprepeian autou hērmēneusan; di' hōn mallon ho theios oikos dedēlōtai. Kalōs de ton laon Iakōb prosēgoreuse, tę̄ tou propatoros mnēmę̄ ton Theon eis eleon diegeirōn.
"For they have devoured Jacob and laid waste his place." "This is a clear proof of their lawlessness: having suffered no evil from us, they consumed us with slaughter, ravaged the land, and sacked the cities." For "his place" Aquila rendered "his beauty," Symmachus "his loveliness," and Theodotion "his comeliness"; by these the divine house is rather indicated. He rightly called the people Jacob, rousing God to mercy by the memory of the forefather.
Ps 79:7 (78:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:7: the enemies, unprovoked, devoured Jacob and laid waste his dwelling, the temple.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip): κατανάλωσαν → κατηνάλωσαν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.7 (PG 80 80:1505; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.8PG 80 80:1507
«Μὴ μνησθῇς ἡμῶν ἀνομιῶν ἀρχαίων. » Εὐσεβεῖς ἦσαν οἱ ταύτην προσφέροντες τὴν εὐχὴν, καὶ πολὺν ὑπὲρ εὐσεβείας ἀναδεξάμενοι ζῆλον . Ἀοίδιμος γὰρ ἡ τῶν Μακκαβαίων ἀρετή. Εἰκότως τοίνυν ἀντιβολοῦσι, μὴ τῶν προτέρων ἁμαρτημάτων εὐθύνας τὸν λαὸν εἰσπραχθῆναι. ᾿Αλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν τεθείκασιν, οὐ μὴν καὶ τὸ δεύτερον προστεθείκασιν , ὥστε τὸν Θεὸν τὴν παροῦσαν αὐτῶν εὐσέβειαν κατιδεῖν. Τοῦτο γὰρ μάλιστα τὴν πολλὴν αὐτῶν δείκνυσιν ἀρετήν· τὸ τῶν μὲν προτέρων ἁμαρτημάτων μνησθῆναι, κρύψαι δὲ τὴν παροῦσαν εὐσέβειαν. • Ταχὺ προκαταλαβέτωσαν ἡμᾶς οἱ οἰκτιρμοί σου, Κύριε, ὅτι ἐπτωχεύσαμεν σφόδρα. Βοήθησον ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς ὁ σωτὴρ ἡμῶν. » "Ὄρεξον ὅτι τάχιστα τὴν ἄμαχόν σου ῥοπήν· πάσης γὰρ ἔρημοι προνοίας γεγόναμεν · σὲ δὲ μόνον ἐπίκουρον ἔχομεν καὶ σωτῆρα. « Ἕνεκεν τῆς δόξης τοῦ ὀνόματός σου, Κύριε, ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς· καὶ ἱλάσθητι ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ἡμῶν ἕνεκεν τοῦ ὀνόματός σου.» Οὐδαμοῦ τῆς σφετέρας μνημονεύουσιν ἀρετῆς, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸ θεῖον ὄνομα τῆς θείας ἐπικουρίας ἀντιβολοῦσι τυχεῖν · ἡμῶν γὰρ, φησὶ, κακοπραγούντων, κατὰ τοῦ σοῦ ὀνόματος ἡ βλασφημία χωρεῖ. ᾿Αντιβολοῦμεν τοίνυν, παριδεῖν μὲν σὲ τὰ πλημμελήματα · μεταβαλεῖν δὲ τὰς συμφορὰς, καὶ τὴν σὴν δύναμιν ὑποδεῖξαι τοῖς ἀγνοοῦσι. . « Μήποτε" εἴπωσι τὰ ἔθνη, Ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ Θεὸς αὐτῶν; » Οἱ δὲ ἄλλοι ἑρμηνευταὶ ὡς γεγενημένον τοῦτο εἰρήκασιν · Εἰς τί λέγει τὰ ἔθνη. Ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ Θεὸς αὐτῶν; Τοῦτό με, φησὶν, ἀνιᾷ, τοῦτό με κεντεῖ πάσης ἀκίδος ὀξύτερον, τὸ ὑπὸ τῶν ἐθνῶν κατὰ σοῦ τὴν βλασφημίαν τολμᾶσθαι, καὶ ἐπιτωθάζοντας λέγειν, Ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ Θεὸς ὑμῶν, ὃν λέγετε μαστιγῶσαι τὴν Αἴγυπτον, διῃρηκέναι τὴν θάλατταν, ὑμῖν δὲ δωρῆσαι διάβασιν, καὶ τ' ἄλλα πάντα δεδρακέναι τὰ μεγάλα καὶ πολυθρύλλητα ; « Καὶ γνωσθήτω ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἐνώπιον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ἡμῶν ἡ ἐκδίκησις τοῦ αἵματος τῶν δούλων σου, τοῦ ἐκκεχυμένου. » Αντιβολοῦμεν τοίνυν, τούτους μὲν τῖσαι τῆς μιαιφονίας ποινὴν, τοὺς δὲ ἄλλους ἅπαντας ἰδεῖν σὺν ἡμῖν τὴν δικαίαν σου ψῆφον, καὶ τὴν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀνῃρημένων σοῦ θεραπόντων ὀργήν.
«Mē mnēsthę̄s hēmōn anomiōn archaiōn. » Eusebeis ēsan hoi tautēn prospherontes tēn euchēn, kai polyn hyper eusebeias anadexamenoi zēlon . Aoidimos gar hē tōn Makkabaiōn aretē. Eikotōs toinyn antibolousi, mē tōn proterōn hamartēmatōn euthynas ton laon eisprachthēnai. ᾿Alla touto men tetheikasin, ou mēn kai to deuteron prostetheikasin , hōste ton Theon tēn parousan autōn eusebeian katidein. Touto gar malista tēn pollēn autōn deiknysin aretēn; to tōn men proterōn hamartēmatōn mnēsthēnai, krypsai de tēn parousan eusebeian. • Tachy prokatalabetōsan hēmas hoi oiktirmoi sou, Kyrie, hoti eptōcheusamen sphodra. Boēthēson hēmin ho Theos ho sōtēr hēmōn. » "Orexon hoti tachista tēn amachon sou rhopēn; pasēs gar erēmoi pronoias gegonamen ; se de monon epikouron echomen kai sōtēra. « Heneken tēs doxēs tou onomatos sou, Kyrie, rhysai hēmas; kai hilasthēti tais hamartiais hēmōn heneken tou onomatos sou.» Oudamou tēs spheteras mnēmoneuousin aretēs, alla dia to theion onoma tēs theias epikourias antibolousi tychein ; hēmōn gar, phēsi, kakopragountōn, kata tou sou onomatos hē blasphēmia chōrei. ᾿Antiboloumen toinyn, paridein men se ta plēmmelēmata ; metabalein de tas symphoras, kai tēn sēn dynamin hypodeixai tois agnoousi. . « Mēpote" eipōsi ta ethnē, Pou estin ho Theos autōn? » Hoi de alloi hermēneutai hōs gegenēmenon touto eirēkasin ; Eis ti legei ta ethnē. Pou estin ho Theos autōn? Touto me, phēsin, anią, touto me kentei pasēs akidos oxyteron, to hypo tōn ethnōn kata sou tēn blasphēmian tolmasthai, kai epitōthazontas legein, Pou estin ho Theos hymōn, hon legete mastigōsai tēn Aigypton, dię̄rēkenai tēn thalattan, hymin de dōrēsai diabasin, kai t' alla panta dedrakenai ta megala kai polythryllēta ? « Kai gnōsthētō en tois ethnesin enōpion tōn ophthalmōn hēmōn hē ekdikēsis tou haimatos tōn doulōn sou, tou ekkechymenou. » Antiboloumen toinyn, toutous men tisai tēs miaiphonias poinēn, tous de allous hapantas idein syn hēmin tēn dikaian sou psēphon, kai tēn hyper tōn anę̄rēmenōn sou therapontōn orgēn.
"Do not remember our ancient iniquities." Those offering this prayer were pious and had taken up much zeal for piety; for the virtue of the Maccabees is celebrated. They rightly beg that the people not be called to account for former sins. They set this down, but they did not add the second point, that God should look at their present piety. This especially shows their great virtue: to remember their former sins but to hide their present piety. "Let your compassions quickly overtake us, Lord, for we have become very poor. Help us, O God our Savior." "Stretch out your invincible aid as quickly as possible; for we have become bereft of all providence, and we have you alone as helper and savior." "For the glory of your name, Lord, rescue us; and forgive our sins for your name's sake." Nowhere do they mention their own virtue, but they beg to obtain divine help because of the divine name. "For when we suffer misfortune," he says, "the blasphemy goes against your name. We beg you, then, to overlook our offenses, change our misfortunes, and show your power to those who do not know it." "Lest the nations say, 'Where is their God?'" The other translators said this as having happened: "Why do the nations say, 'Where is their God?'" "This grieves me," he says, "this stings me more sharply than any arrow: that the nations dare blasphemy against you and mock, saying, 'Where is your God, who you say scourged Egypt, divided the sea, gave you a crossing, and did all the other great and celebrated things?'" "And let the vengeance for the shed blood of your servants be known among the nations before our eyes." "We beg, then, that these pay the penalty for their bloodshed, and that all the others see with us your just verdict and your anger on behalf of your slain servants."
Ps 79:8 (78:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 79:9 (78:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 79:10 (78:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:8-10: the pious Maccabees ask forgiveness for past sins without mentioning their own virtue, and ask God to act for his name's sake and avenge his servants' blood.
- A stray bracket is removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip; split word (OCR); stray bracket and split word (OCR); stray letter (OCR)): Ἀοίδι μος → Ἀοίδιμος; οὐ μὴν καὶὲ τὸ δεύτερον → οὐ μὴν καὶ τὸ δεύτερον; ὅτι τάχιστα τ τὴν → ὅτι τάχιστα τὴν; τοῦτή με κεντεῖ → τοῦτό με κεντεῖ; δεδρακέναι ] τὰ μεγάλα καὶ πολυθρύλ λητα → δεδρακέναι τὰ μεγάλα καὶ πολυθρύλλητα.
Topics: Persecution
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.8 (PG 80 80:1507; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.11PG 80 80:1507
« Εἰσελθέτω ἐνώπιόν σου ὁ στεναγμὸς τῶν πεπεδημένων · κατὰ τὴν μεγαλωσύνην τοῦ βραχίονός σου περιποίησαι τοὺς υἱοὺς τῶν τεθανατωμένων. » Ἀπιδεῖν ἱκετεύω σε καὶ εἰς τοὺς ἔτι μὲν περιόντας, δεσμὰ δὲ περικειμένους, καὶ προσδεχομένους τὸν θάνατον, καὶ μὴ πανωλεθρίαν τοῦ ἡμετέρου καταψηφίσασθαι γένους· ἀλλὰ τῶν ἀνῃρημένων περισῶσαι τοὺς παῖδας, καὶ νεολαίαν ἐξ αὐτῶν καταστῆσαι.
« Eiselthetō enōpion sou ho stenagmos tōn pepedēmenōn ; kata tēn megalōsynēn tou brachionos sou peripoiēsai tous huious tōn tethanatōmenōn. » Apidein hiketeuō se kai eis tous eti men periontas, desma de perikeimenous, kai prosdechomenous ton thanaton, kai mē panōlethrian tou hēmeterou katapsēphisasthai genous; alla tōn anę̄rēmenōn perisōsai tous paidas, kai neolaian ex autōn katastēsai.
"Let the groaning of the prisoners come before you; according to the greatness of your arm preserve the sons of those put to death." "I beg you to look also on those still alive but in chains and expecting death, and not to decree the utter destruction of our race, but to preserve the children of the slain and raise a new generation from them."
Ps 79:11 (78:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:11: the people pray for the prisoners and for the children of the slain.
Topics: Persecution
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.11 (PG 80 80:1507; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.12PG 80 80:1509
« ᾿Απόδος τοῖς γείτοσιν ἡμῶν ἑπταπλασίονα εἰς τὸν κόλπον αὐτῶν τὸν ὀνειδισμὸν αὐτῶν, ὃν ὠνείδισάν σε, Κύριε. » Πολλαπλασίαν τοῖς ὁμόροις τῆς βλασφημίας τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐπάγαγε. Οὐ γὰρ ὡρισμένον ἀριθμὸν διὰ τῶν εἰρημένων ἐδήλωσεν, ἀλλὰ μεγίστην αὐτοῖς ἐπαχθῆναι τιμωρίαν ἐξήτησε. Τοιοῦτο καὶ τὸ, « Στεῖρα ἔτεκεν ἑπτὰ, › ἀντὶ τοῦ πολλά. Τὸν δὲ κόλπον εἴρηκεν, ἐκ μεταφορᾶς τῶν ἐν τῷ κόλπῳ τι φερόντων, καὶ ἀσφαλῶς συνεχόντων, ὥστε μηδὲν ἐκπεσεῖν· ἀντὶ τοῦ, Πλήρωσον αὐτοὺς συμφορῶν ἐπικειμένων διηνεκῶς.
« ᾿Apodos tois geitosin hēmōn heptaplasiona eis ton kolpon autōn ton oneidismon autōn, hon ōneidisan se, Kyrie. » Pollaplasian tois homorois tēs blasphēmias tēn timōrian epagage. Ou gar hōrismenon arithmon dia tōn eirēmenōn edēlōsen, alla megistēn autois epachthēnai timōrian exētēse. Toiouto kai to, « Steira eteken hepta, › anti tou polla. Ton de kolpon eirēken, ek metaphoras tōn en tǭ kolpǭ ti pherontōn, kai asphalōs synechontōn, hōste mēden ekpesein; anti tou, Plērōson autous symphorōn epikeimenōn diēnekōs.
"Repay our neighbors sevenfold into their bosom their reproach with which they reproached you, Lord." "Bring on the neighbors a punishment many times their blasphemy." By these words he did not indicate a fixed number but asked that the greatest punishment be brought on them; such too is "The barren has borne seven," meaning many. He said "bosom" as a figure taken from those who carry something in their bosom and hold it securely so that nothing falls out; that is, "Fill them with misfortunes that lie on them continually."
Ps 79:12 (78:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 2:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:12: "sevenfold" means a full punishment for the neighbors' blasphemy.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.12 (PG 80 80:1509; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
78.13PG 80 80:1509
« Ἡμεῖς δὲ λαός σου, καὶ πρόβατα νομῆς σου· ἀνθομολογησόμεθά σοι, ὁ Θεὸς, εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα· εἰς γενεὰν καὶ γενεὰν ἐξαγγελοῦμεν τὴν αἴνεσίν σου.» Ἡμεῖς δὲ οἱ λαὸς σὸς χρηματίσαντες, καὶ ποίμνιον ὀνομαζόμενοι σὸν, ἐνδελεχῶς σοι τοὺς ὕμνους προσοίσομεν · καὶ τὰς ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐεργεσίας ὁμολογήσομεν χάριτας · καὶ ἀναγράπτους ταύτας πεποιηκότες, τοῖς ἐσομένοις ἀνθρώποις προσοίσομεν τὴν τούτων διήγησιν· τὸ μέντοι ἀνθομολογησόμεθα, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐξομολογησόμεθα εἴρηκε · τὴν εὐχαριστίαν δὲ τὸ ὄνομα δηλοῖ.
« Hēmeis de laos sou, kai probata nomēs sou; anthomologēsometha soi, ho Theos, eis ton aiōna; eis genean kai genean exangeloumen tēn ainesin sou.» Hēmeis de hoi laos sos chrēmatisantes, kai poimnion onomazomenoi son, endelechōs soi tous hymnous prosoisomen ; kai tas hyper tēs euergesias homologēsomen charitas ; kai anagraptous tautas pepoiēkotes, tois esomenois anthrōpois prosoisomen tēn toutōn diēgēsin; to mentoi anthomologēsometha, anti tou exomologēsometha eirēke ; tēn eucharistian de to onoma dēloi.
"But we are your people and the sheep of your pasture; we will give thanks to you, O God, forever; from generation to generation we will proclaim your praise." "But we, who are called your people and named your flock, will offer you hymns continually; we will acknowledge our thanks for your benefit, and, having written it down, we will hand the account of it on to those who will come." He said "we will give thanks" in the sense of "we will confess"; the word means thanksgiving.
Ps 79:13 (78:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 79:13: God's people promise to praise him and hand the record of his deliverance to future generations.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 78.13 (PG 80 80:1509; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/78-13
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 79
79.1PG 80 80:1509
« Εἰς τὸ τέλος, ἐν ὕμνοις · ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀλλοιωθησομένων. Μαρτύριον τῷ ᾿Ασάφ. Ψαλμὸς ὑπὲρ τοῦ ᾿Ασσυρίου. » Μεταβολήν τινων πραγμάτων ὁ παρὼν προλέγει ψαλμός· ἡ γὰρ ἀλλοίωσις τοῦτο δηλοῖ, καὶ μαρτύρεται· διὰ τοῦτο καὶ μαρτύριον πρόσκειται. Προθεσπίζει δὲ ἡ χάρις τοῦ Πνεύματος τὸν τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀνδραποδισμὸν, καὶ τὴν ἐν Βαβυλῶνι δουλείαν. Ἐσχημάτισται δὲ εἰς εὐχὴν ὁ ψαλμὸς τῷ Θεῷ τῶν ὅλων, ὡς ὑπ' αὐτῶν ἐκείνων προσφερομένην. Διδάσκει γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἡ προφητική χάρις, ὁποίοις δεῖ τὸν Θεὸν ἱλεώσασθαι ῥήμασι, καὶ εἰς ἔλεον διεγείραι. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν ἐσομένην πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις διὰ τοῦ Δεσπότου Χριστοῦ σωτηρίαν.
« Eis to telos, en hymnois ; hyper tōn alloiōthēsomenōn. Martyrion tǭ ᾿Asaph. Psalmos hyper tou ᾿Assyriou. » Metabolēn tinōn pragmatōn ho parōn prolegei psalmos; hē gar alloiōsis touto dēloi, kai martyretai; dia touto kai martyrion proskeitai. Prothespizei de hē charis tou Pneumatos ton tōn Ioudaiōn andrapodismon, kai tēn en Babylōni douleian. Eschēmatistai de eis euchēn ho psalmos tǭ Theǭ tōn holōn, hōs hyp' autōn ekeinōn prospheromenēn. Didaskei gar autous hē prophētikē charis, hopoiois dei ton Theon hileōsasthai rhēmasi, kai eis eleon diegeirai. Prolegei de kai tēn esomenēn pasin anthrōpois dia tou Despotou Christou sōtērian.
"To the end; among hymns; for those who will be changed; a testimony of Asaph; a psalm concerning the Assyrian." The present psalm foretells a change of certain affairs; for "change" shows this, and it bears witness; this is why "testimony" is added. The grace of the Spirit foretells the enslavement of the Jews and the slavery in Babylon. The psalm is framed as a prayer to the God of all, as offered by those very people. For the prophetic grace teaches them with what words they must propitiate God and rouse him to mercy. It also foretells the salvation to come for all people through Christ the Lord.
Ps 80:1 (79:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80, title: the psalm foretells the exile and teaches the exiles to pray, and also foretells salvation for all through Christ.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.1 (PG 80 80:1509; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
79.2PG 80 80:1509
« Ὁ ποιμαίνων τὸν Ἰσραὴλ, πρόσχες.» Σὲ, Δέσποτα, τὸν ποιμένος δίκην τοῦ λαοῦ προμηθούμενον δέξασθαί μου τὴν ἱκετείαν ἀντιβολῶ. « Ὁ ὁδηγῶν ὡσεὶ πρόβατον τὸν Ἰωσήφ. » Οἷόν τισι λύκοις περιπεσόντα τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς, τῶν ἐκείνων ἀπαλλάξας χειρῶν, ἐποδήγησας εἰς Αἴγυπτον, καὶ κρείττονα τῶν ἐπιβουλευσάντων ἀπέφηνας. Οὕτω τὴν εἰς αὐτοὺς γεγενημένην κηδεμονίαν διεξελθὼν, ἐπὶ τὴν γενικωτέραν ἐξουσίαν μετέβη. « Ὁ καθήμενος ἐπὶ τῶν Χερουβίμ, ἐμφάνηθι. · Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ τούτων μόνων ὁ μέγας Μωσῆς ἐκτυπώματά τινὰ ἐν τοῖς ῾Αγίοις τῶν ἁγίων ἀνέθηκε, καὶ μέσον τούτων τὸ ἱλαστήριον τέθεικε, δι' ἐκείνου δέ τις ἐπιφάνεια θεία τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσιν ἐγένετο, εἰκότως ἐνταῦθα καὶ τῶν Χερουβίμ ἐμνημόνευσε, καὶ τὸν τούτοις ἐπικαθήμενον ἐπιφανῆναι ἱκέτευσεν.
« Ho poimainōn ton Israēl, prosches.» Se, Despota, ton poimenos dikēn tou laou promēthoumenon dexasthai mou tēn hiketeian antibolō. « Ho hodēgōn hōsei probaton ton Iōsēph. » Hoion tisi lykois peripesonta tois adelphois, tōn ekeinōn apallaxas cheirōn, epodēgēsas eis Aigypton, kai kreittona tōn epibouleusantōn apephēnas. Houtō tēn eis autous gegenēmenēn kēdemonian diexelthōn, epi tēn genikōteran exousian metebē. « Ho kathēmenos epi tōn Cheroubim, emphanēthi. ; Epeidē gar toutōn monōn ho megas Mōsēs ektypōmata tina en tois ῾Agiois tōn hagiōn anethēke, kai meson toutōn to hilastērion tetheike, di' ekeinou de tis epiphaneia theia tois archiereusin egeneto, eikotōs entautha kai tōn Cheroubim emnēmoneuse, kai ton toutois epikathēmenon epiphanēnai hiketeusen.
"You who shepherd Israel, attend." "I beg you, Master, who care for the people like a shepherd, to accept my supplication." "You who lead Joseph like a sheep." "When he fell among his brothers as among wolves, you freed him from their hands, guided him to Egypt, and made him stronger than those who plotted against him." Having thus recounted the care shown to them, he passed to a more general authority. "You who sit upon the cherubim, appear." For since the great Moses set up in the Holy of Holies images of these alone, and placed the mercy seat between them, and through it some divine appearance came to the high priests, he rightly mentioned the cherubim here and begged the one seated on them to appear.
Ps 80:1 (79:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 37:28 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 25:22 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80:1: the people call on God who shepherded Joseph and who appeared above the cherubim of the mercy seat.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent slip): έξουσίαν → ἐξουσίαν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.2 (PG 80 80:1509; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
79.3PG 80 80:1511
« Ἐναντίον Ἐφραὶμ, καὶ Βενιαμίν, καὶ Μανασσῆ. · Ἐπιφανῆναί σε, φησὶν, ἱκετεύω τῷ σῷ λαῷ. Διὰ γὰρ τῶν εἰρημένων φυλῶν πάντα δεδήλωκε τὸν λαόν. Τούτων δὲ ἐμνημόνευσεν, ἐπειδὴ καὶ τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ ἐποιήσατο μνήμην. Τοῦ δὲ Ἰωσὴφ ὁ μὲν Ἐφραὶμ καὶ ὁ Μανασσῆς παῖδες · ὁ δὲ Βενιαμὶν ἀδελφὸς ὁμομήτριος. « Ἐξέγειρον τὴν δυναστείαν σου, καὶ ἐλθὲ εἰς τὸ σῶσαι ἡμᾶς. » Ὡς μακροθυμοῦντα, καὶ ἡσυχία χρώμενον, τὸν Θεὸν διανίστησιν. Απασάν σου τὴν δύναμιν, φησὶ, κίνησον, τὴν ἡμετέραν πραγματευσάμενος σωτηρίαν. [ Τοῦτο μὲν, ὡς εἴρηταί μοι ἀνωτέρω, ὁ ἀνδραποδισθεὶς τὸ τηνικαῦτα παρὰ τῶν ᾿Ασσυρίων λαὸς, τοῦτο δὲ τὰ ἔθνη ἀντιβολεῖ, κηδόμενα τὴν παρὰ τοῦ εὐεργέτου σωτηρίαν· τοῦτο γὰρ θέλει εἰπεῖν ὁ προφητικὸς νοῦς καὶ διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς.]
« Enantion Ephraim, kai Beniamin, kai Manassē. ; Epiphanēnai se, phēsin, hiketeuō tǭ sǭ laǭ. Dia gar tōn eirēmenōn phylōn panta dedēlōke ton laon. Toutōn de emnēmoneusen, epeidē kai tou Iōsēph epoiēsato mnēmēn. Tou de Iōsēph ho men Ephraim kai ho Manassēs paides ; ho de Beniamin adelphos homomētrios. « Exegeiron tēn dynasteian sou, kai elthe eis to sōsai hēmas. » Hōs makrothymounta, kai hēsychia chrōmenon, ton Theon dianistēsin. Apasan sou tēn dynamin, phēsi, kinēson, tēn hēmeteran pragmateusamenos sōtērian. [ Touto men, hōs eirētai moi anōterō, ho andrapodistheis to tēnikauta para tōn ᾿Assyriōn laos, touto de ta ethnē antibolei, kēdomena tēn para tou euergetou sōtērian; touto gar thelei eipein ho prophētikos nous kai dia tōn hexēs.]
"Before Ephraim and Benjamin and Manasseh." "I beg you to appear to your people," he says; for by the tribes named he indicated the whole people. He mentioned these because he had also mentioned Joseph: Ephraim and Manasseh were Joseph's sons, and Benjamin his full brother. "Stir up your might and come to save us." He rouses God as one who is long-suffering and quiet: "Set all your power in motion," he says, "and achieve our salvation." [This, as I said above, the people then enslaved by the Assyrians begs; and this the nations beg too, eager for salvation from their benefactor; for this is what the prophetic mind means through what follows as well.]
Ps 80:2 (79:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80:2: the tribes of Joseph's family stand for the whole people, who ask God to rouse his power; an addition applies it to the nations too.
- The bracketed passage is bracketed in Migne, probably an addition from the catena.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.3 (PG 80 80:1511; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
79.4PG 80 80:1511
«Ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δυνάμεων, ἐπίστρεψον ἡμᾶς.» Τῆς δουλείας ἐλευθέρωσον, καὶ τὴν ἐπάνοδον χάρισαι. [ Ὁ μὲν τὴν ἐκ Βαβυλῶνος ἱκετεύων, ὁ δὲ τὴν ἐξ εἰδώλων ἐπιστροφήν. ] Εἶτα τοῦ πράγματος διδάσκει τὴν εὐκολίαν. « Καὶ ἐπίφανον τὸ πρόσωπόν σου, καὶ σωθησόμεθα. » ᾿Αρκεῖς γὰρ φαινόμενος λῦσαι τὰς συμφοράς.
«Ho Theos tōn dynameōn, epistrepson hēmas.» Tēs douleias eleutherōson, kai tēn epanodon charisai. [ Ho men tēn ek Babylōnos hiketeuōn, ho de tēn ex eidōlōn epistrophēn. ] Eita tou pragmatos didaskei tēn eukolian. « Kai epiphanon to prosōpon sou, kai sōthēsometha. » ᾿Arkeis gar phainomenos lysai tas symphoras.
"O God of hosts, turn us back." "Free us from slavery and grant the return." [The one begging return from Babylon, the other return from idols.] Then he teaches the ease of the matter: "And make your face shine, and we shall be saved." "For your appearing is enough to end the misfortunes."
Ps 80:3 (79:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80:3: the exiles ask God to restore them; his shining face is enough to save.
- The bracketed sentence is bracketed in Migne, probably an addition from the catena.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray dash (OCR)): τὸ πρόσωπόν – σου → τὸ πρόσωπόν σου.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.4 (PG 80 80:1511; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
79.5PG 80 80:1511
« Κύριε, ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δυνάμεων, ἕως πότε ὀργίζῃ ἐπὶ τὴν προσευχὴν τῶν δούλων σου ; » Μέχρι πότε, Δέσποτα, τὰς ἐμὰς παραπέμπῃ λιτὰς, ἐπὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς πλημμελήμασιν ὀργιζόμενος; Δοῦλον δὲ αὐτοῦ τὸν λαὸν ὀνομάζει. Καὶ γὰρ οἱ ἄλλοι ἑρμηνευταὶ, Ἐπὶ τὴν προσευχὴν τοῦ λαοῦ σου, ἀντὶ τοῦ, δούλου σου, τεθείκασιν.
« Kyrie, ho Theos tōn dynameōn, heōs pote orgizę̄ epi tēn proseuchēn tōn doulōn sou ? » Mechri pote, Despota, tas emas parapempę̄ litas, epi tois emois plēmmelēmasin orgizomenos? Doulon de autou ton laon onomazei. Kai gar hoi alloi hermēneutai, Epi tēn proseuchēn tou laou sou, anti tou, doulou sou, tetheikasin.
"O Lord God of hosts, how long will you be angry at the prayer of your servants?" "How long, Master, will you dismiss my petitions, angry at my offenses?" He names the people his servant; for the other translators put "at the prayer of your people" instead of "of your servant."
Ps 80:4 (79:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80:4: the people ask how long God will be angry at their prayers.
- The lemma as printed has "your servants"; Theodoret's comment presupposes the singular "your servant."
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): ὀργί ζῃ → ὀργίζῃ.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.5 (PG 80 80:1511; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
79.6PG 80 80:1511
« Ψωμιεῖς ἡμᾶς ἄρτον δακρύων· καὶ ποτιεῖς ἡμᾶς ἐν δάκρυσιν ἐν μέτρῳ ". » Ὁ χρόνος ἐνταῦθα ἐνήλλακται· καὶ γὰρ οἱ ἄλλοι ὡς γεγενημένα ταῦτα εἰρήκασιν· · Ἐφώμισας ἡμᾶς ἄρτον δακρύων, καὶ ἐπότισας ἡμᾶς μετὰ δακρύων μέτρῳ. » Λέγει δὲ, ὅτι Καὶ τὴν τροφὴν ἡμῶν, καὶ τὸ πόμα δάκρυσι συνεκέρασας· ὀδυρόμενοι γὰρ καὶ στένοντες μεταλαγχάνομεν τῆς ἀναγκαίας τροφῆς. Τοῦτο δὲ πεποίηκεν ἀντιμετρήσας ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις τὴν τιμωρίαν. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ὁ Κύριος · «Ὦ μέτρῳ μετρεῖτε, ἀντιμετρηθήσεται ὑμῖν. » Τοῦτο καὶ Ζαχαρίας εἶδεν ὁ προφήτης τὸ μέτρον, τῆς Βαβυλῶνος προθεσπίζων τὸν ὄλεθρον. Δύο γὰρ ἔφησε θεᾶσθαι γυναῖκας, ἔποπος μὲν ἐχούσας πτερὰ, τὸ δὲ μέτρον φερούσας, καὶ τοῦτο προσταχθείσας εἰς Βαβυλῶνα κομίσαι. Διὰ τούτων δὲ διδασκόμεθα τῆς θείας ψήφου τὸ δίκαιον.
« Psōmieis hēmas arton dakryōn; kai potieis hēmas en dakrysin en metrǭ ". » Ho chronos entautha enēllaktai; kai gar hoi alloi hōs gegenēmena tauta eirēkasin; ; Ephōmisas hēmas arton dakryōn, kai epotisas hēmas meta dakryōn metrǭ. » Legei de, hoti Kai tēn trophēn hēmōn, kai to poma dakrysi synekerasas; odyromenoi gar kai stenontes metalanchanomen tēs anankaias trophēs. Touto de pepoiēken antimetrēsas tais hamartiais tēn timōrian. Touto de kai ho Kyrios ; «Ō metrǭ metreite, antimetrēthēsetai hymin. » Touto kai Zacharias eiden ho prophētēs to metron, tēs Babylōnos prothespizōn ton olethron. Dyo gar ephēse theasthai gynaikas, epopos men echousas ptera, to de metron pherousas, kai touto prostachtheisas eis Babylōna komisai. Dia toutōn de didaskometha tēs theias psēphou to dikaion.
"You will feed us with the bread of tears, and give us to drink with tears in measure." Here the tense is changed; for the others said these things as having happened: "You fed us with the bread of tears and gave us to drink with tears by measure." He says, "You mixed both our food and our drink with tears; for we share in necessary food lamenting and groaning." He did this measuring the punishment against the sins. The Lord says this too: "With the measure you measure, it will be measured to you." The prophet Zechariah too saw this measure when he foretold Babylon's destruction. For he said he saw two women with hoopoe's wings, carrying the measure, and commanded to take it to Babylon. By these we are taught the justice of the divine verdict.
Ps 80:5 (79:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 7:2 (quotation, high confidence) · Zech 5:9 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80:5: God fed the exiles with tears in a measure fitting their sins, as Christ and Zechariah's measure teach.
- "Hoopoe's wings" follows the Septuagint of Zech 5:9.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip; stray letters (OCR)): μεταλαγχάνομεν δι τῆς → μεταλαγχάνομεν τῆς; Τοῦτο ἔὲ καὶ ὁ Κύριος → Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ὁ Κύριος; ἔποπος μὲν σε ἐχούσας → ἔποπος μὲν ἐχούσας.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.6 (PG 80 80:1511; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
79.7PG 80 80:1513
« Ἔθου ἡμᾶς εἰς ἀντιλογίαν τοῖς γείτοσιν ἡμῶν, καὶ οἱ ἐχθροὶ ἡμῶν ἐμυκτήρισαν ἡμᾶς. » Ἐπονείδιστοι γεγόναμεν καὶ τοῖς γειτονεύουσιν ἔθνεσιν, ἀεὶ τὴν πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἐσχηκόσι δυσμένειαν• [ἀλλ᾽ ὅμως οὐκ ἀπέστημέν σου τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς ἔφη].
« Ethou hēmas eis antilogian tois geitosin hēmōn, kai hoi echthroi hēmōn emyktērisan hēmas. » Eponeidistoi gegonamen kai tois geitoneuousin ethnesin, aei tēn pros hēmas eschēkosi dysmeneian• [all᾽ homōs ouk apestēmen sou touto gar dia tōn hexēs ephē].
"You made us a cause of strife to our neighbors, and our enemies mocked us." "We have become a reproach to the neighboring nations, which always bore ill will toward us"; [yet we did not depart from you; for he said this through what follows].
Ps 80:6 (79:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80:6: the neighbors mocked Israel, yet the people did not abandon God.
- The final clause is bracketed in Migne (opening bracket supplied), probably an addition from the catena.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (opening bracket lost in the OCR): ἀλλ᾽ ὅμως οὐκ ἀπέστημέν σου → [ἀλλ᾽ ὅμως οὐκ ἀπέστημέν σου.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.7 (PG 80 80:1513; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
79.8PG 80 80:1513
« Κύριε, ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δυνάμεων, ἐπίστρεψον ἡμᾶς· καὶ ἐπίφανον τὸ πρόσωπόν σου, καὶ σωθησόμεθα. » Τῇ σῇ τοίνυν ἐπιφανείᾳ σκέδασον τὸ ζοφῶδες νέφος τῶν συμφορῶν, καὶ τὴν ἐπάνοδον χάρισαι · [τοῦτο μὲν ὁ λαὸς ἀντιβολῶν· τοῦτο δὲ καὶ τὰ ἔθνη· ἐπιφάνειαν λέγων τὴν ἔνσαρκον παρουσίαν.] Δυνατὸς γὰρ εἷ, καὶ τῶν δυνάμεων Κύριος. [Τότε μὲν ἀοράτως ἐκείνους ἐκ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας ἀνακαλούμενος, τὰ δὲ ἔθνη τῇ σῇ οἰκονομίᾳ περιποιησάμενος.] Εἶτα τὰς παλαιὰς εὐεργεσίας διέξεισι, τῆς ὁμοίας ἀπολαῦσαι προμηθείας ἀντιβολῶν.
« Kyrie, ho Theos tōn dynameōn, epistrepson hēmas; kai epiphanon to prosōpon sou, kai sōthēsometha. » Tę̄ sę̄ toinyn epiphaneią skedason to zophōdes nephos tōn symphorōn, kai tēn epanodon charisai ; [touto men ho laos antibolōn; touto de kai ta ethnē; epiphaneian legōn tēn ensarkon parousian.] Dynatos gar hei, kai tōn dynameōn Kyrios. [Tote men aoratōs ekeinous ek tēs aichmalōsias anakaloumenos, ta de ethnē tę̄ sę̄ oikonomią peripoiēsamenos.] Eita tas palaias euergesias diexeisi, tēs homoias apolausai promētheias antibolōn.
"O Lord God of hosts, turn us back, and make your face shine, and we shall be saved." "By your appearing, then, scatter the gloomy cloud of misfortunes and grant the return." [The people begs this, and so do the nations, meaning by "appearing" the coming in the flesh.] "For you are mighty and the Lord of hosts." [Then invisibly recalling those from captivity, and winning the nations by your dispensation.] Then he recounts the ancient benefits, begging to enjoy similar providence.
Ps 80:7 (79:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80:7: the refrain asks God to restore his people; additions apply the shining face to Christ's coming in the flesh.
- The bracketed passages are bracketed in Migne (one opening bracket supplied), probably additions from the catena.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters; opening bracket lost (OCR)): ἐπάνοδον σε χάρισαι · τοῦτο μὲν → ἐπάνοδον χάρισαι · [τοῦτο μὲν.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.8 (PG 80 80:1513; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
79.9PG 80 80:1513
«Αμπελον ἐξ Αἰγύπτου μετῇρας, ἐξέβαλες ἔθνη, καὶ κατεφύτευσας αὐτήν. Ωδοποίησας ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῆς · καὶ κατεφύτευσας τὰς ῥίζας αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπλήρωσε τὴν γῆν. » Σὺ, Δέσποτα, τὴν ἄδικον τῶν Αἰγυπτίων κατέλυσας δυναστείαν· σὺ τὰ τῶν Χαναναίων ἔθνη πανωλεθρίᾳ παρέδωκας, καὶ τὸν σὸν λαὸν καθάπερ ἄμπελον ἐξ Αἰγύπτου μεταγαγών, καὶ πᾶσαν κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν δωρησάμενος εὐκολίαν, ἐν τῇ τῶν Χαναναίων αὐτὸν κατεφύτευσας γῇ. « Ἐκάλυψεν ὄρη ἡ σκιὰ αὐτῆς, καὶ αἱ ἀναδενδράδες αὐτῆς τὰς κέδρους τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ἐξέτεινε τὰ κλήματα αὐτῆς ἕως θαλάσσης· καὶ ἕως ποταμῶν τὰς παραφυάδας αὐτῆς. » "Αμπελον τροπικῶς τὸν λαὸν ὀνομάσας, ἐπέμεινε τῇ τροπῇ· καὶ ὄρη μὲν καλεῖ τὴν τῶν ὁμόρων ἐθνῶν ἰσχύν· σκιὰν δὲ ταῦτα καλύπτουσαν τὴν τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ δυναστείαν τούτοις ἐπιτεθεῖσαν· κέδρους δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοὺς ὑψηλοὺς ἄρχοντας, τοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸ ἄρχειν εἰληχότας. ἀναδενδράδας δὲ τὰς κέδρους συγκαλυπτούσας, τὴν Ἰσραηλιτικὴν βασιλείαν περιφανεστέραν τούτων γεγενημένην. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ μακαρίου Δαβίδ, καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Σολομῶντος, μεμαθήκαμεν γεγενῆσθαι. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ μέγας Δαβὶδ οὐ μόνον παρὰ τῶν ᾿Αλλοφύλων, καὶ Ἰδουμαίων", καὶ ᾿Αμμανιτῶν, καὶ Μωαβιτῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ παρὰ Σύρων ἑκατέρων, δασμὸν πρὸς δὲ τὸν Σολομῶντα καὶ ἡ Αἰθιόπων ἔδραμε βασιλίς· οὕτω παρὰ πᾶσιν ἐγένετο πολυθρύλλητος. Κλήματα δὲ τῆς ἀμπέλου, τοῦ λαοῦ λέγει τὸ πλῆθος· παραφυάδας δὲ, τοὺς προσηλύτους, τοὺς ἐκ τῶν ἐθνῶν προσεληλυθότας, καὶ τὴν θείαν ὑποδεξαμένους ἐπίγνωσιν. Διὰ πάντων δὲ τὴν προτέραν εὐκληρίαν ἐδήλωσε τοῦ λαοῦ. « Ινατί καθεῖλες τὸν φραγμὸν αὐτῆς, καὶ τρυγῶσιν αὐτὴν πάντες οἱ παραπορευόμενοι τὴν ὁδόν;» Τι δήποτε τῆς σῆς αὐτὴν προνοίας ἐγύμνωσας, καὶ πεποίηκας τοῖς ἀδικεῖν βουλομένοις εὐχείρωτον; Φραγμὸν δὲ τὴν ἀσφάλειαν κέκληκεν. Ὁ γάρ ἐστιν ἀμπελῶνι φραγμὸς, τοῦτο ἡ τοῦ Θεοῦ πρόνοια τοῖς αὐτῆς ἠξιωμένοις. « Παραπορευομένους δὲ ὁδὸν, » τοὺς πολεμίους. Καθάπερ γὰρ οἱ ὁδοιπόροι τὴν ἄφρακτον καὶ ἀφύλακτον ἅμπελον τρυγῶσιν ἀδεῶς, καὶ τὸν αὐτῆς ἀφαιροῦνται καρπόν· οὕτως ὁ τῆς θείας γεγυμνωμένος Κηδεμονίας τοῖς ἀδικεῖν ἐθέλουσιν εὐχείρωτος γίνεται. « Ελυμήνατο αὐτὴν ὗς ἐκ δρυμοῦ · καὶ μονιὸς ἄγριος κατενεμήσατο αὐτήν. » Τὰς διαφόρους τῶν ᾿Ασσυρίων ἐφόδους διὰ τούτων ἐδήλωσε. Σαλμανασὰρ γὰρ καὶ Σεναχηρεὶμ τὰς ἄλλας ἐξεπόρθησαν πόλεις · ὁ δὲ Ναβουχοδονόσορ, τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ πολιορκήσας, τοὺς τὸν θάνατον διαφυγόντας ἐξηνδραποδίσατο. Καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἄμπελον τὸν Ἰσραὴλ προσηγόρευσεν, εἰκότως ὗν ἄγριον ὠνόμασε τὸν τούτου πολέμιον · διαφερόντως δὲ τόδε τὸ θηρίον ἀμπέλων ἐπίβουλον. Μονιὸν δὲ ἄγριων καλεῖ, τὸν καθ' ἑαυτὸν διάγοντα σῦν, ὃς τῶν ἄλλων ἐστὶν ἀγριώτερος, ἅτε δὴ καὶ τὴν πρὸς αὐτοὺς κοινωνίαν ἀποστρεφόμενος. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν καὶ ὁ Ναβουχοδονόσορ τῶν ἄλλων βασιλέων θηριωδέστερος ἦν, εἰκότως αὐτὸν ὠνόμασε μονιὸν ἄγριον. « Ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δυνάμεων, ἐπίστρεψον δὴ, καὶ ἐπίβλεψον ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ἴδε · καὶ ἐπίσκεψαι τὴν ἄμπελον ταύτην. Καὶ κατάρτισαι αὐτὴν, ἣν ἐφύτευσεν· ἡ δεξιά σου. » Ἰκετεύω σε τοίνυν τὸν δυνατὸν Δεσπότην, ἰδεῖν ἄνωθεν τῆς ἀμπέλου τὴν λώβην, καὶ θεραπείας ἀξιῶσαι τὸ πάθος. Ἡ σὴ γὰρ αὐτὴ · πρόνοια τὴν προτέραν ἔδωκεν εὐκληρίαν. Δεξιὰν δὲ καλεῖ τὴν Πρόνοιαν. « Καὶ ἐπὶ Υἱὸν ἀνθρώπου, ὃν ἐκραταίωσας ἑαυτῷ. » Ἐνταῦθα τὴν ἐκεῖθεν βλάστησιν τοῦ Δεσπότου διδάσκει Χριστοῦ. Ἰκετεύει γὰρ ἐπιμελείας ἀξιωθῆναι τὴν ἄμπελον, διὰ τὸν ἐξ αὐτῆς ληφθησόμενον ναὸν, ὃν Υἱὸν ἀνθρώπου σαφῶς προσηγόρευσεν. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς Εὐαγγελίοις, καίτοι Θεὸς ὢν ὁμοῦ · καὶ ἄνθρωπος, Υἱὸν ἀνθρώπου ἑαυτὸν ὀνομάζει, ἀπὸ τῆς ὁρωμένης φύσεως τὴν προσηγορίαν τιθείς. Διδάσκει τοίνυν ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος, τοὺς δορυαλώτους γεγενημένους ἱκετεῦσαι τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν, φειδώ τινα τῆς ἀμπέλου ποιήσασθαι διὰ· τὴν ἐκεῖθεν φυομένην " σωτήριον ῥίζαν. Οὕτω γὰρ᾽ ἑαυτὸν καὶ ὁ Κύριος ὀνομάζει λέγων • « Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀληθινὴ, ὑμεῖς τὰ κλήματα, καὶ ὁ Πατήρ μου ὁ γεωργός ἐστιν. » Ὡς μὲν γὰρ ἄνθρωπος, ἄμπελός ἐστιν· ὡς δὲ Θεὸς, καὶ γεωργὸς, σπείρων σπέρμα καλὸν ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ αὐτοῦ. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐκ ταύτης ἐβλάστησε τῆς ἀμπέλου, τῆς ἀχρήστου γεγενημένης, καὶ ἀκάνθας ἀντὶ βοτρύων τῷ γεωργῷ προσενεγκούσης, αὐτὸς ἀληθινὴ γέγονεν ἄμπελος, κλήματα ἐβλάστησε μέγιστα, τῶν εἰς αὐτὸν πεπιστευκότων τὸ πλῆθος. Τούτων ἀληθῶς ἡ σκιά ἐκάλυψε τὰ ὄρη, καὶ αἱ ἀναδενδράδες τὰς κέδρους. Αὕτη ἀληθῶς ἡ ἄμπελος ἐξέτεινε τὰ κλήματα ἕως θαλάσσης, καὶ ἕως ποταμῶν τὰς παραφυάδας αὐτῆς. [ Οὐδὲ γάρ ἐστι τόπος, οὐκ ἔστιν ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν, ἐν ᾧ οὐχ ἵδρυνται τῆς ἀμπέλου ταύτης αἱ θεῖαι ληνοί.] Διὰ ταύτην ἱκετεύουσι κἀκείνην ἀπολαῦσαι φειδοῦς, τὰ παντοδαπὰ αὐτῆς διηγούμενοι πάθη. « Ἐμπεπυρισμένη πυρὶ, καὶ ἀνεσκαμμένη. Ἐντεῦθεν μάλιστα δῆλον, ὡς τὰ κατὰ τὸν Βαβυλώνιον ὁ ψαλμὸς καὶ οὐ τὰ κατὰ τὸν ᾿Αντίοχον, ὡς τισὶν ἔδοξε, προθεσπιζει. Ὁ Βαβυλώνιος γὰρ καὶ τὸν νεὼν ἐνέπρησε, καὶ τῆς πόλεως τὸ πλεῖστον πυρὶ παραδέδωκεν· οὕτω καὶ ἐνταῦθά φησιν, ὅτι οὐ μόνον τὸν καρπὸν ἀπῆλθον τρυγήσαντες, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀνέσκαψαν, καὶ πρόῤῥιζον αὐτὴν ἀνέσπασαν, καὶ πυρὶ κατηνάλωσαν. « ᾿Απὸ ἐπιτιμήσεως τοῦ προσώπου σου ἀπολοῦνται. » ᾿Αλλὰ σοῦ φαινομένου καὶ κινουμένου, φροῦδοι γενήσονται παντελῶς καὶ τὸν ὅλεθρον δέξονται. «Γενηθήτω ἡ χείρ σου ἐπ᾿ ἄνδρα δεξιᾶς σου, καὶ ἐπὶ υἱὸν ἀνθρώπου ὃν ἐκραταίωσας σεαυτῷ. » [ ᾿Απολαύσωμεν τοίνυν τῆς σῆς κηδεμονίας διὰ τὸ οὕτω σε φιλανθρωπίᾳ νικώμενον ἐξ ἡμῶν σαρκοῦσθαι· Υἱὸν δὲ ἀνθρώπου τὸν Κύριον τῆς δόξης όνομάζει· περὶ οὗ Παῦλος· « Εἰ γὰρ ἔγνωσαν, οὐκ αὐτὸν Κύριον τῆς δόξης ἐσταύρωσαν.»] « Καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀποστῶμεν ἀπὸ σοῦ. » ᾿Αψεδὴς γὰρ ὑπάρχεις τὰς σὰς πληρῶσαι ὑποσχέσεις. Ταύτης γὰρ ἐξ ἡμῶν λαμβανομένης τῆς ἀπαρχῆς, πᾶσα τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἡ φύσις τὸν ἀληθῆ Θεὸν ἐπιγνώσεται, καὶ τὴν γεγενημένην φιλανθρωπίαν ὑμνήσει. « Ζωώσεις ἡμᾶς, καὶ τὸ ὄνομά σου ἐπικαλεσόμεθα., Τῷ τρόπῳ δὲ τούτῳ καὶ τοῦ θανάτου τὸ κράτος λυθήσεται, καὶ ἡμεῖς τῆς ζωῆς τῆς αἰωνίου τευξόμεθα, σὲ προσκυνοῦντες τὸν Σωτῆρα Θεόν. « Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δυνάμεων, ἐπίστρεψον ἡμᾶς· καὶ ἐπίφανον τὸ πρόσωπόν σου, καὶ σωθησόμεθα. » Διὰ ταῦτα τοίνυν ἅπαντα, καὶ τὴν ἐσομένην δι' ἡμῶν ἅπασιν ἀνθρώποις σωτηρίαν, λῦσον μὲν ἡμῖν τὰ σκυθρωπά, χάρισαι δὲ τὴν ἐπάνοδον· εἰ γὰρ μόνον φανῇς, τῆς σωτηρίας τευξόμεθα.
«Ampelon ex Aigyptou metę̄ras, exebales ethnē, kai katephyteusas autēn. Ōdopoiēsas emprosthen autēs ; kai katephyteusas tas rhizas autēs, kai eplērōse tēn gēn. » Sy, Despota, tēn adikon tōn Aigyptiōn katelysas dynasteian; sy ta tōn Chananaiōn ethnē panōlethrią paredōkas, kai ton son laon kathaper ampelon ex Aigyptou metagagōn, kai pasan kata tēn hodon dōrēsamenos eukolian, en tę̄ tōn Chananaiōn auton katephyteusas gę̄. « Ekalypsen orē hē skia autēs, kai hai anadendrades autēs tas kedrous tou Theou. Exeteine ta klēmata autēs heōs thalassēs; kai heōs potamōn tas paraphyadas autēs. » "Ampelon tropikōs ton laon onomasas, epemeine tę̄ tropę̄; kai orē men kalei tēn tōn homorōn ethnōn ischyn; skian de tauta kalyptousan tēn tou Israēl dynasteian toutois epitetheisan; kedrous de tou Theou tous hypsēlous archontas, tous hypo tou Theou to archein eilēchotas. anadendradas de tas kedrous synkalyptousas, tēn Israēlitikēn basileian periphanesteran toutōn gegenēmenēn. Touto de kai epi tou makariou Dabid, kai epi tou Solomōntos, memathēkamen gegenēsthai. Ho men gar megas Dabid ou monon para tōn ᾿Allophylōn, kai Idoumaiōn", kai ᾿Ammanitōn, kai Mōabitōn, alla kai para Syrōn hekaterōn, dasmon pros de ton Solomōnta kai hē Aithiopōn edrame basilis; houtō para pasin egeneto polythryllētos. Klēmata de tēs ampelou, tou laou legei to plēthos; paraphyadas de, tous prosēlytous, tous ek tōn ethnōn proselēlythotas, kai tēn theian hypodexamenous epignōsin. Dia pantōn de tēn proteran euklērian edēlōse tou laou. « Inati katheiles ton phragmon autēs, kai trygōsin autēn pantes hoi paraporeuomenoi tēn hodon?» Ti dēpote tēs sēs autēn pronoias egymnōsas, kai pepoiēkas tois adikein boulomenois eucheirōton? Phragmon de tēn asphaleian keklēken. Ho gar estin ampelōni phragmos, touto hē tou Theou pronoia tois autēs ēxiōmenois. « Paraporeuomenous de hodon, » tous polemious. Kathaper gar hoi hodoiporoi tēn aphrakton kai aphylakton hampelon trygōsin adeōs, kai ton autēs aphairountai karpon; houtōs ho tēs theias gegymnōmenos Kēdemonias tois adikein ethelousin eucheirōtos ginetai. « Elymēnato autēn hys ek drymou ; kai monios agrios katenemēsato autēn. » Tas diaphorous tōn ᾿Assyriōn ephodous dia toutōn edēlōse. Salmanasar gar kai Senachēreim tas allas exeporthēsan poleis ; ho de Nabouchodonosor, tēn Hierousalēm poliorkēsas, tous ton thanaton diaphygontas exēndrapodisato. Kai epeidē ampelon ton Israēl prosēgoreusen, eikotōs hyn agrion ōnomase ton toutou polemion ; diapherontōs de tode to thērion ampelōn epiboulon. Monion de agriōn kalei, ton kath' heauton diagonta syn, hos tōn allōn estin agriōteros, hate dē kai tēn pros autous koinōnian apostrephomenos. Epeidē toinyn kai ho Nabouchodonosor tōn allōn basileōn thēriōdesteros ēn, eikotōs auton ōnomase monion agrion. « Ho Theos tōn dynameōn, epistrepson dē, kai epiblepson ex ouranou, kai ide ; kai episkepsai tēn ampelon tautēn. Kai katartisai autēn, hēn ephyteusen; hē dexia sou. » Iketeuō se toinyn ton dynaton Despotēn, idein anōthen tēs ampelou tēn lōbēn, kai therapeias axiōsai to pathos. Hē sē gar autē ; pronoia tēn proteran edōken euklērian. Dexian de kalei tēn Pronoian. « Kai epi Huion anthrōpou, hon ekrataiōsas heautǭ. » Entautha tēn ekeithen blastēsin tou Despotou didaskei Christou. Iketeuei gar epimeleias axiōthēnai tēn ampelon, dia ton ex autēs lēphthēsomenon naon, hon Huion anthrōpou saphōs prosēgoreusen. Houtō kai ho Kyrios en tois hierois Euangeliois, kaitoi Theos ōn homou ; kai anthrōpos, Huion anthrōpou heauton onomazei, apo tēs horōmenēs physeōs tēn prosēgorian titheis. Didaskei toinyn ho prophētikos logos, tous doryalōtous gegenēmenous hiketeusai ton tōn holōn Theon, pheidō tina tēs ampelou poiēsasthai dia; tēn ekeithen phyomenēn " sōtērion rhizan. Houtō gar᾽ heauton kai ho Kyrios onomazei legōn • « Egō eimi hē ampelos hē alēthinē, hymeis ta klēmata, kai ho Patēr mou ho geōrgos estin. » Hōs men gar anthrōpos, ampelos estin; hōs de Theos, kai geōrgos, speirōn sperma kalon en tǭ agrǭ autou. Epeidē gar ek tautēs eblastēse tēs ampelou, tēs achrēstou gegenēmenēs, kai akanthas anti botryōn tǭ geōrgǭ prosenenkousēs, autos alēthinē gegonen ampelos, klēmata eblastēse megista, tōn eis auton pepisteukotōn to plēthos. Toutōn alēthōs hē skia ekalypse ta orē, kai hai anadendrades tas kedrous. Hautē alēthōs hē ampelos exeteine ta klēmata heōs thalassēs, kai heōs potamōn tas paraphyadas autēs. [ Oude gar esti topos, ouk estin hypo ton ouranon, en hǭ ouch hidryntai tēs ampelou tautēs hai theiai lēnoi.] Dia tautēn hiketeuousi kakeinēn apolausai pheidous, ta pantodapa autēs diēgoumenoi pathē. « Empepyrismenē pyri, kai aneskammenē. Enteuthen malista dēlon, hōs ta kata ton Babylōnion ho psalmos kai ou ta kata ton ᾿Antiochon, hōs tisin edoxe, prothespizei. Ho Babylōnios gar kai ton neōn eneprēse, kai tēs poleōs to pleiston pyri paradedōken; houtō kai entautha phēsin, hoti ou monon ton karpon apēlthon trygēsantes, alla kai aneskapsan, kai prorrhizon autēn anespasan, kai pyri katēnalōsan. « ᾿Apo epitimēseōs tou prosōpou sou apolountai. » ᾿Alla sou phainomenou kai kinoumenou, phroudoi genēsontai pantelōs kai ton holethron dexontai. «Genēthētō hē cheir sou ep᾿ andra dexias sou, kai epi huion anthrōpou hon ekrataiōsas seautǭ. » [ ᾿Apolausōmen toinyn tēs sēs kēdemonias dia to houtō se philanthrōpią nikōmenon ex hēmōn sarkousthai; Huion de anthrōpou ton Kyrion tēs doxēs onomazei; peri hou Paulos; « Ei gar egnōsan, ouk auton Kyrion tēs doxēs estaurōsan.»] « Kai ou mē apostōmen apo sou. » ᾿Apsedēs gar hyparcheis tas sas plērōsai hyposcheseis. Tautēs gar ex hēmōn lambanomenēs tēs aparchēs, pasa tōn anthrōpōn hē physis ton alēthē Theon epignōsetai, kai tēn gegenēmenēn philanthrōpian hymnēsei. « Zōōseis hēmas, kai to onoma sou epikalesometha., Tǭ tropǭ de toutǭ kai tou thanatou to kratos lythēsetai, kai hēmeis tēs zōēs tēs aiōniou teuxometha, se proskynountes ton Sōtēra Theon. « Kyrie ho Theos tōn dynameōn, epistrepson hēmas; kai epiphanon to prosōpon sou, kai sōthēsometha. » Dia tauta toinyn hapanta, kai tēn esomenēn di' hēmōn hapasin anthrōpois sōtērian, lyson men hēmin ta skythrōpa, charisai de tēn epanodon; ei gar monon phanę̄s, tēs sōtērias teuxometha.
"You moved a vine out of Egypt; you drove out nations and planted it. You made a way before it, and planted its roots, and it filled the land." "You, Master, destroyed the unjust power of the Egyptians; you gave the nations of the Canaanites over to utter destruction; and moving your people out of Egypt like a vine, and granting every ease along the way, you planted it in the land of the Canaanites." "Its shadow covered the mountains, and its branches the cedars of God. It stretched out its shoots to the sea, and its offshoots to the rivers." Having called the people a vine figuratively, he kept to the figure. He calls the strength of the neighboring nations mountains; the shadow covering them is the power of Israel laid over them; the cedars of God are the lofty rulers who received their rule from God; and the branches covering the cedars mean the Israelite kingdom, which became more renowned than they. We have learned that this happened under the blessed David and under Solomon. For the great David [received] tribute not only from the Philistines, Idumeans, Ammonites, and Moabites, but also from both kinds of Syrians; and to Solomon even the queen of the Ethiopians ran. So he became celebrated among all. By the shoots of the vine he means the multitude of the people; by the offshoots, the proselytes, those who came over from the nations and received the divine knowledge. Through all this he showed the people's former good fortune. "Why have you broken down its fence, so that all who pass along the road pluck it?" "Why did you strip it of your providence and make it easy prey for those who wish to do wrong?" He called its security a "fence"; for what a fence is to a vineyard, God's providence is to those counted worthy of it. "Those who pass along the road" are the enemies. For as travelers fearlessly pluck an unfenced and unguarded vine and take away its fruit, so one stripped of God's care becomes easy prey to those who wish to do wrong. "The boar from the forest ravaged it, and the solitary wild beast fed on it." By these words he showed the various invasions of the Assyrians. For Shalmaneser and Sennacherib sacked the other cities, while Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem and enslaved those who escaped death. And since he called Israel a vine, he rightly named its enemy a wild boar; for this beast especially is the vine's foe. He calls the boar that lives by itself "the solitary wild beast"; it is wilder than the others, since it shuns their company. Since Nebuchadnezzar was more savage than the other kings, he rightly named him the solitary wild beast. "O God of hosts, turn now, and look down from heaven, and see, and visit this vine. And restore what your right hand planted." "I beg you, then, mighty Master, to look from above at the vine's injury and count its suffering worthy of healing. For your providence gave it its former good fortune." He calls providence the right hand. "And upon the Son of Man whom you strengthened for yourself." Here he teaches the growth of Christ the Lord from that vine. For he begs that the vine be counted worthy of care because of the temple to be taken from it, which he plainly named the Son of Man. So too the Lord in the holy Gospels, though he is God and man together, names himself Son of Man, taking the name from the visible nature. The prophetic word teaches, then, that those taken captive should entreat the God of all to spare the vine for the sake of the saving root that would spring from it. For the Lord also names himself so: "I am the true vine, you are the branches, and my Father is the vinedresser." For as man he is the vine; but as God he is also the farmer, sowing good seed in his field. Since he sprang from this vine, which had become useless and brought thorns instead of grapes to the farmer, he himself became the true vine and put forth very great branches, the multitude of those who believe in him. Truly their shadow covered the mountains and their branches the cedars; truly this vine stretched out its shoots to the sea and its offshoots to the rivers. [For there is not, there is not a place under heaven where the divine winepresses of this vine are not set up.] Because of this they beg that the other vine too be spared, recounting its sufferings of every kind. "Burned with fire and dug up." From this especially it is plain that the psalm foretells the events of the Babylonian, and not those of Antiochus, as some thought. For the Babylonian burned the temple and gave most of the city to the fire. So here too he says that they not only went off having plucked the fruit, but dug it up, tore it out by the root, and consumed it with fire. "They will perish at the rebuke of your face." "But when you appear and move, they will utterly vanish and receive destruction." "Let your hand be upon the man of your right hand, and upon the son of man whom you strengthened for yourself." [Let us then enjoy your care because you, overcome by love for humankind, took flesh from us. He names the Lord of glory Son of Man; about him Paul says, "For if they had known, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory."] "And we will not depart from you." "For you are without falsehood in fulfilling your promises." For when this firstfruits is taken from us, the whole nature of mankind will come to know the true God and will hymn the love for humankind shown. "You will give us life, and we will call upon your name." In this way the power of death too will be destroyed, and we shall obtain eternal life, worshiping you, God the Savior. "O Lord God of hosts, turn us back, and make your face shine, and we shall be saved." "For all these reasons, then, and for the salvation to come to all people through us, end our gloomy circumstances and grant the return; for if you only appear, we shall obtain salvation."
Ps 80:8 (79:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:9 (79:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:10 (79:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:11 (79:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:12 (79:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:13 (79:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:14 (79:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:15 (79:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:16 (79:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:17 (79:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:18 (79:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:19 (79:20 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Sam 8:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · 2 Sam 8:6 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Kgs 10:1 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Kgs 17:3 (allusion, medium confidence) · 2 Kgs 18:13 (allusion, medium confidence) · 2 Kgs 25:9 (allusion, high confidence) · John 15:1 (quotation, high confidence) · John 15:5 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 13:24 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 5:2 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 2:8 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 80:8-19: Israel, the vine brought from Egypt, flourished under David and Solomon and was ravaged by the Assyrians and Babylon; the exiles ask God to spare it for the sake of the Son of Man, Christ, the true vine who would spring from it.
- A word is missing after "tribute" in the text as printed; supplied in brackets. The bracketed passages are bracketed in Migne, probably additions from the catena; three stray closing brackets are removed, and verse numbers leaked into the text are removed.
- "Queen of the Ethiopians" is Theodoret's name for the queen of Sheba.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip; stray bracket (OCR); stray bracket and verse number (OCR); stray letter (OCR); stray letters (OCR); stray marks (OCR); verse number leaked into the text (OCR); verse number, letter slip, split word (OCR); verse numbers leaked into the text (OCR)): σὺ τὰ στ τῶν Χαναναίων → σὺ τὰ τῶν Χαναναίων; γῇ ια΄, ιβ'. · Ἐκάλυψεν → γῇ. « Ἐκάλυψεν; Ἐξέτεινε το τὰ κλήματα → Ἐξέτεινε τὰ κλήματα; Ὁ μὲν γὰρ μέγας] → Ὁ μὲν γὰρ μέγας; έδραμε βασιλίς το · → ἔδραμε βασιλίς·; ἐπίγνωσιν. Διὰ πάντων δὲ τὴν προτέραν εὐκληρίαν ἐδήλωσε τοῦ λαοῦ. ιγ'. « → ἐπίγνωσιν. Διὰ πάντων δὲ τὴν προτέραν εὐκληρίαν ἐδήλωσε τοῦ λαοῦ. «; γίνεται. ιδ΄. « Ελυμήνατο αὐτὴν υς ἐκ δρυμοῦ · καὶ μο νιὸς → γίνεται. « Ελυμήνατο αὐτὴν ὗς ἐκ δρυμοῦ · καὶ μονιὸς; εἰκότως ὖν οἱ ἄγριον → εἰκότως ὗν ἄγριον; ἄγριον. ιε', ις'. « → ἄγριον. «; ἑαυτῷ”. · Ἐνταῦθα τὴν ) ἐκεῖθεν → ἑαυτῷ. » Ἐνταῦθα τὴν ἐκεῖθεν; Θεὸς ὢν ὁ ὁμοῦ → Θεὸς ὢν ὁμοῦ; Ὡς ἐἱ γὰρ ἄνθρωπος → Ὡς μὲν γὰρ ἄνθρωπος; φειδοῦς, τὰ παντοδαπὰ αὐτῆς διηγούμενοι πάθη. ιζ'. · → φειδοῦς, τὰ παντοδαπὰ αὐτῆς διηγούμενοι πάθη. «; τὸν ὅλεθρον δέξονται.] ιη΄. « → τὸν ὅλεθρον δέξονται. «; ἐσταύρωσαν.»] ιθ΄. « → ἐσταύρωσαν.»] «; ὑποσχέσεις. ] Ταύτης → ὑποσχέσεις. Ταύτης; τὸν Σωτῆρα Θεόν. κ΄. « → τὸν Σωτῆρα Θεόν. «.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 79.9 (PG 80 80:1513; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/79-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 80
80.1PG 80 80:1519
« Εἰς τὸ τέλος, ὑπὲρ τῶν ληνῶν, ψαλμὸς τῷ ᾿Ασάφ. » Τὴν Ἰουδαίων οὗτος ὁ ψαλμὸς ἀνάκλησιν προθεσπίζει, καὶ τὴν μετὰ ταῦτα γενομένην ἀλλοτρίωσιν· μεθ᾽ ἣν ἡ κλῆσις τῶν ἐθνῶν, καὶ ὁ τῆς εὐσεβείας Καρπὸς, ὡς ἐν ληνοῖς τισὶ ταῖς ἁγίαις ἐκκλησίαις τῷ Θεῷ προσφερόμενος. Ἐσχημάτισται δὲ τοῦ ψαλμοῦ τὸ προοίμιον, ὡς ἐπανελθόντων ἤδη τῶν τὴν ἱκετείαν προσενηνοχότων ἐκείνην, καὶ χορευόντων, καὶ ἀλλήλοις παρεγγυώντων ὑμνεῖν τὸν σεσωκότα Θεόν.
« Eis to telos, hyper tōn lēnōn, psalmos tǭ ᾿Asaph. » Tēn Ioudaiōn houtos ho psalmos anaklēsin prothespizei, kai tēn meta tauta genomenēn allotriōsin; meth᾽ hēn hē klēsis tōn ethnōn, kai ho tēs eusebeias Karpos, hōs en lēnois tisi tais hagiais ekklēsiais tǭ Theǭ prospheromenos. Eschēmatistai de tou psalmou to prooimion, hōs epanelthontōn ēdē tōn tēn hiketeian prosenēnochotōn ekeinēn, kai choreuontōn, kai allēlois parengyōntōn hymnein ton sesōkota Theon.
"To the end; for the winepresses; a psalm of Asaph." This psalm foretells the recall of the Jews and their estrangement afterward, after which came the calling of the nations and the fruit of piety offered to God in the holy churches as in winepresses. The opening of the psalm is framed as though those who had offered that supplication had already returned and were dancing and urging one another to hymn the God who saved them.
Ps 81:1 (80:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81, title: the psalm foretells the Jews' return and later estrangement, and the nations' calling, whose fruit is offered in the churches as in winepresses.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent slip): άλλοτρίωσιν → ἀλλοτρίωσιν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.1 (PG 80 80:1519; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.2PG 80 80:1519
« ᾿Αγαλλιᾶσθε τῷ Θεῷ τῷ βοηθῷ ἡμῶν. Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος, εὐφημεῖτε εἴρηκεν· ὁ δὲ ᾿Ακύλας, αἰνοποιεῖτε. Προσενέγκατε, φησὶ, τῷ Θεῷ τὴν χαριστήριον ὕμνον, τῷ τῆς οἰκείας ἡμῖν μεταδεδωκότι προνοίας. « ᾿Αλαλάξατε τῷ Θεῷ Ἰακώβ. » Ἐπινίκιος ὁ ἀλαλαγμὸς, ὡς πολλάκις εἰρήκαμεν. Παρακελεύονται τοίνυν ἀλλήλοις τῷ τὴν νίκην δωρησαμένῳ Θεῷ τὴν ὑμνῳδίαν ὑφῆναι.
« ᾿Agalliasthe tǭ Theǭ tǭ boēthǭ hēmōn. Ho de Symmachos, euphēmeite eirēken; ho de ᾿Akylas, ainopoieite. Prosenenkate, phēsi, tǭ Theǭ tēn charistērion hymnon, tǭ tēs oikeias hēmin metadedōkoti pronoias. « ᾿Alalaxate tǭ Theǭ Iakōb. » Epinikios ho alalagmos, hōs pollakis eirēkamen. Parakeleuontai toinyn allēlois tǭ tēn nikēn dōrēsamenǭ Theǭ tēn hymnǭdian hyphēnai.
"Rejoice in God our helper." Symmachus said "sing praise"; Aquila, "make songs of praise." "Offer God the hymn of thanksgiving," he says, "who gave us a share in his providence." "Shout to the God of Jacob." Shouting is a cry of victory, as we have often said. They urge one another, then, to weave hymnody for the God who gave the victory.
Ps 81:1 (80:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:1: the returned exiles urge one another to praise God with shouts of victory.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip; split word (OCR)): χαρι– στήριον → χαριστήριον; Ἐπινίχιος → Ἐπινίκιος.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.2 (PG 80 80:1519; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.3PG 80 80:1519
« Λάβετε ψαλμὸν, καὶ δότε τύμπανον· ψαλτήριον τερπνὸν μετὰ κιθάρας. » Διαφόροις ὀργάνοις κεχρημένοι τὴν θείαν ἀνεκρούοντο μελῳδίαν · καὶ τοῦτο τῶν Παραλειπομένων ἡ ἱστορία διδάσκει. Παρεγγυᾷ τοίνυν τοῖς χοροῖς ἐκείνοις ὁ λόγος ἀλλήλοις ἀντιδιδόναι τὴν παναρμόνιον τῶν ὀργάνων ἐκείνων ἠχήν· καὶ τούτους μὲν λύραις, ἐκείνους δὲ τυμπάνοις, ἄλλους δὲ κιθάραις τὸν Θεὸν ἀνυμνῆσαι. Τὸ δὲ ψαλτήριον ὁ Σύμμαχος λύραν ἐκάλεσεν.
« Labete psalmon, kai dote tympanon; psaltērion terpnon meta kitharas. » Diaphorois organois kechrēmenoi tēn theian anekrouonto melǭdian ; kai touto tōn Paraleipomenōn hē historia didaskei. Parengyą toinyn tois chorois ekeinois ho logos allēlois antididonai tēn panarmonion tōn organōn ekeinōn ēchēn; kai toutous men lyrais, ekeinous de tympanois, allous de kitharais ton Theon anymnēsai. To de psaltērion ho Symmachos lyran ekalesen.
"Take up a psalm and bring the timbrel, the pleasant psaltery with the lyre." They played the divine melody using various instruments; the history of Chronicles teaches this. The word charges those choirs to answer one another with the all-harmonious sound of those instruments, some hymning God with lyres, others with timbrels, others with harps. Symmachus called the psaltery a lyre.
Ps 81:2 (80:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Chr 15:16 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:2: the choirs are urged to praise God with their various instruments, as in Chronicles.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): ἀνυμνῆ σαι → ἀνυμνῆσαι.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.3 (PG 80 80:1519; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.4PG 80 80:1519
« Σαλπίσατε ἐν νεομηνίᾳ σάλπιγγι, ἐν εὐσήμῳ ἡμέρᾳ ἑορτῆς ὑμῶν. Ὅτι πρόσταγμα τῷ Ἰσραήλ ἐστιν · καὶ κρῖμα τῷ Θεῷ Ἰακώβ. » Ταῖς σάλπιγξιν ἐκέλευσεν ὁ Θεὸς τοὺς ἱερέας κεχρῆσθαι. ᾿Ανεμίμνησκον δὲ αὗται τὸν λαὸν τῶν ἐν τῷ ὄρει γενομένων σαλπίγγων. Τοῦ Θεοῦ γὰρ τῶν ὅλων ἐν τῷ Σινᾷ ὄρει διαλεγομένου, φωνή, φησὶ, τῆς σάλπιγγος ἤχει μέγα. Ἐκείνης τοίνυν τῆς ἐπιφανείας ἀνεμίμνησκον τὸν λαὸν ταῖς σάλπιγξιν οἱ ἱερεῖς κεχρημένοι. Καὶ οὗτοι τοίνυν τοὺς τῆς ἐπανόδου τετυχηκότας, καὶ τῆς θείας ἐπικουρίας ἀπολαύσαντας, εἰκότως μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων ὀργάνων, καὶ ταῖς σάλπιγξι παρεκελεύοντο χρήσασθαι.
« Salpisate en neomēnią salpingi, en eusēmǭ hēmerą heortēs hymōn. Hoti prostagma tǭ Israēl estin ; kai krima tǭ Theǭ Iakōb. » Tais salpinxin ekeleusen ho Theos tous hiereas kechrēsthai. ᾿Anemimnēskon de hautai ton laon tōn en tǭ orei genomenōn salpingōn. Tou Theou gar tōn holōn en tǭ Siną orei dialegomenou, phōnē, phēsi, tēs salpingos ēchei mega. Ekeinēs toinyn tēs epiphaneias anemimnēskon ton laon tais salpinxin hoi hiereis kechrēmenoi. Kai houtoi toinyn tous tēs epanodou tetychēkotas, kai tēs theias epikourias apolausantas, eikotōs meta tōn allōn organōn, kai tais salpinxi parekeleuonto chrēsasthai.
"Sound the trumpet at the new moon, on the notable day of your feast. For it is an ordinance for Israel and a judgment of the God of Jacob." God commanded the priests to use the trumpets. They reminded the people of the trumpets that sounded on the mountain; for when the God of all spoke on Mount Sinai, "the sound of the trumpet," it says, "rang out loud." By using the trumpets, then, the priests reminded the people of that appearance. So these too rightly urged those who had obtained the return and enjoyed divine help to use the trumpets along with the other instruments.
Ps 81:3 (80:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 81:4 (80:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 10:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 19:19 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:3-4: the trumpets of the feasts recalled the trumpet at Sinai and now celebrate the return.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip and split word): ἐπιφανεία; ἀνεμί μνησκον → ἐπιφανείας ἀνεμίμνησκον.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.4 (PG 80 80:1519; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.6PG 80 80:1521
« Μαρτύριον ἐν τῷ Ἰωσὴφ ἔθετο αὐτὸ , ἐν τῷ ἐξελθεῖν αὐτὸν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου. » Ἰωσὴφ ἐνταῦθα πάντα καλεῖ τὸν λαόν· ἐπειδὴ γὰρ τῆς εἰς Αἴγυπτον εἰσόδου ὁ Ἰωσὴφ αὐτοῖς ἐγένετο πρόξενος, ἐξ αὐτοῦ τὸν λαὸν προσηγόρευσε . Λέγει δὲ ὅτι ταύτην ἔδωκε τῷ λαῷ τὴν νομοθεσίαν, τῆς Αἰγύπτου τοῦτον ἐλευθερώσας . Εἶτα τὰς γεγενημένας εὐεργεσίας διέξεισιν. « Γλῶσσαν ἣν οὐκ ἔγνω ἤκουσεν Φωνῆς γὰρ πώποτε θείας οὐκ ἀπολαύσας, ταύτης ἐπήκουσεν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τὸν νόμον δεχόμενος.
« Martyrion en tǭ Iōsēph etheto auto , en tǭ exelthein auton ek gēs Aigyptou. » Iōsēph entautha panta kalei ton laon; epeidē gar tēs eis Aigypton eisodou ho Iōsēph autois egeneto proxenos, ex autou ton laon prosēgoreuse . Legei de hoti tautēn edōke tǭ laǭ tēn nomothesian, tēs Aigyptou touton eleutherōsas . Eita tas gegenēmenas euergesias diexeisin. « Glōssan hēn ouk egnō ēkousen Phōnēs gar pōpote theias ouk apolausas, tautēs epēkousen en tę̄ erēmǭ ton nomon dechomenos.
"He set it as a testimony in Joseph, when he went out of the land of Egypt." Here he calls the whole people Joseph; for since Joseph was the cause of their going into Egypt, he named the people after him. He says that he gave the people this legislation when he freed them from Egypt. Then he recounts the benefits done. "He heard a tongue he did not know." "For never having enjoyed a divine voice, he heard it in the desert when he received the law."
Ps 81:5 (80:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:5: God gave Israel, called Joseph, his law when he brought them from Egypt, and they heard his voice for the first time.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.6 (PG 80 80:1521; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.7PG 80 80:1521
« ᾿Απέστησεν ἀπὸ ἄρσεων τὸν νῶτον αὐτοῦ· αἱ χεῖρες αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ κοφίνῳ ἐδούλευσαν. » Τοὺς ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ πόνους, καὶ τὴν πικρὰν δουλείαν, καὶ τὴν πλινθουργίαν διὰ τούτων ἐδήλωσε. Τοῖς ὤμοις γὰρ, ὡς εἰκὸς, φέρειν ἠναγκάζοντο τὸν πηλόν · τὰ δὲ νῶτα διαφερόντως τῶν τοιούτων ἐπαισθάνεται πόνων. Ἐντεῦθεν τὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ πρόσωπον εἰσάγει διαλεγόμενον. Καὶ πρῶτον μὲν τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν τῶν γεγενημένων ἀναμιμνήσκει, εἶτα παραίνεσιν εἰσφέρει καὶ συμβουλήν · μετὰ ταῦτα προλέγει τὴν ἀπείθειαν, καὶ τῆς ἀπειθείας τὴν τιμωρίαν.
« ᾿Apestēsen apo arseōn ton nōton autou; hai cheires autou en tǭ kophinǭ edouleusan. » Tous en Aigyptǭ ponous, kai tēn pikran douleian, kai tēn plinthourgian dia toutōn edēlōse. Tois ōmois gar, hōs eikos, pherein ēnankazonto ton pēlon ; ta de nōta diapherontōs tōn toioutōn epaisthanetai ponōn. Enteuthen to tou Theou prosōpon eisagei dialegomenon. Kai prōton men tōn euergesiōn tōn gegenēmenōn anamimnēskei, eita parainesin eispherei kai symboulēn ; meta tauta prolegei tēn apeitheian, kai tēs apeitheias tēn timōrian.
"He removed his back from burdens; his hands served in the basket." By these words he showed the labors in Egypt, the bitter slavery, and the brickmaking. For they were forced, it seems, to carry the clay on their shoulders, and the back especially feels such labors. From here he brings in the person of God speaking. First he reminds them of the benefits done, then brings exhortation and counsel; after this he foretells their disobedience and the punishment of disobedience.
Ps 81:6 (80:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 1:14 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:6: God freed Israel from the brickmaking of Egypt; then God himself speaks, recalling his benefits and foretelling their disobedience.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR); stray mark (OCR)): ἠναγκάζοντο δ' τὸν πηλόν → ἠναγκάζοντο τὸν πηλόν; ἐπαισθάνεται σε πόνων → ἐπαισθάνεται πόνων; εὐεργεσιῶν ( τῶν → εὐεργεσιῶν τῶν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.7 (PG 80 80:1521; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.8PG 80 80:1521
· Ἐν θλίψει ἐπεκαλέσω με· καὶ ἐρυσάμην σε. · Ἐστέναξας ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ τοῖς πόνοις ταλαιπωρούμενος, καὶ παραυτίκα φιλανθρωπίας ἠξίωσα. Τοῦτο καὶ ἡ ἱστορία διδάσκει, « Ἐστέναξαν γὰρ, φησὶν, οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ ἀπὸ τῶν ἔργων τῶν σκληρῶν, καὶ ἀνέβη ἡ βοὴ αὐτῶν πρὸς τὸν Θεόν. » « Ἐπήκουσά σε ἐν ἀποκρύφῳ καταιγίδος. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως · Ἐπήκουσά σε διὰ κρυφαίας βροντῆς· καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι δὲ τὴν βρόντησιν ὁμοίως τεθείκασι. Δηλοῖ δὲ διὰ τούτου ὅτι μὴ φαινόμενος, ἀλλ᾽ ἀόρατον ἔχων τὴν φύσιν, κατάδηλον πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις τὴν σωτηρίαν πεποίηκα, οἷόν τινα βροντὴν, ταῖς κατὰ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων πληγαῖς σημάνας ἅπασιν ὅσην ποιοῦμαί σου πρόνοιαν. « Ἐδοκίμασά σε ἐπὶ ὕδατος ἀντιλογίας. • Εἰς Μερῥὰν ἐλθόντες, καὶ πικρὸν εὐρόντες τὸ ὕδωρ, καὶ Μωσοῦ κατεβόησαν, καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ κατελάλησαν. Ἀπὸ τοῦ πράγματος τοίνυν ὁ τόπος τὴν προσηγορίαν ἐδέξατο. Λέγει τοίνυν, ὅτι Διήλεγξά σε παρ' ἐκεῖνο τὸ ὕδωρ τὴν ἀχάριστον γνώμην· ῥᾳδίως δὲ αὐτοῦ μετέβαλον τὴν ποιότητα, καὶ γλυκεῖαν ἀπέφηνα τὴν πικράν.
; En thlipsei epekalesō me; kai erysamēn se. ; Estenaxas en Aigyptǭ tois ponois talaipōroumenos, kai parautika philanthrōpias ēxiōsa. Touto kai hē historia didaskei, « Estenaxan gar, phēsin, hoi huioi Israēl apo tōn ergōn tōn sklērōn, kai anebē hē boē autōn pros ton Theon. » « Epēkousa se en apokryphǭ kataigidos. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs ; Epēkousa se dia kryphaias brontēs; kai hoi alloi de tēn brontēsin homoiōs tetheikasi. Dēloi de dia toutou hoti mē phainomenos, all᾽ aoraton echōn tēn physin, katadēlon pasin anthrōpois tēn sōtērian pepoiēka, hoion tina brontēn, tais kata tōn Aigyptiōn plēgais sēmanas hapasin hosēn poioumai sou pronoian. « Edokimasa se epi hydatos antilogias. • Eis Merrhan elthontes, kai pikron eurontes to hydōr, kai Mōsou kateboēsan, kai tou Theou katelalēsan. Apo tou pragmatos toinyn ho topos tēn prosēgorian edexato. Legei toinyn, hoti Diēlenxa se par' ekeino to hydōr tēn achariston gnōmēn; rhądiōs de autou metebalon tēn poiotēta, kai glykeian apephēna tēn pikran.
"In affliction you called on me, and I rescued you." "You groaned in Egypt, worn out by labors, and at once I counted you worthy of love for humankind." The history too teaches this: "For the sons of Israel groaned," it says, "because of the hard labors, and their cry went up to God." "I heard you in the secret place of the storm." Symmachus has: "I heard you through hidden thunder"; the others too put thunder in the same way. By this he shows: "Without appearing, but having an invisible nature, I made your salvation plain to all people, signaling to all, as by thunder, through the blows on the Egyptians, how much providence I take for you." "I tested you at the water of contradiction." Coming to Marah and finding the water bitter, they cried out against Moses and spoke against God; and the place took its name from the event. He says, then, "I exposed your ungrateful mind at that water; but I easily changed its quality and made the bitter sweet."
Ps 81:7 (80:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 2:23 (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 15:23 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 15:25 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:7: God heard Israel's groaning in Egypt, delivered them invisibly by his plagues, and tested them at the bitter waters.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR); stray marks (OCR)): › – ( Ἐπἠκουσά σε → » « Ἐπήκουσά σε; ὅτι μὴ σε φαινόμενος → ὅτι μὴ φαινόμενος; ῥᾳδίως δὲ σε αὐτοῦ → ῥᾳδίως δὲ αὐτοῦ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.8 (PG 80 80:1521; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.9PG 80 80:1523
« ῎Ακουσον, λαός μου, καὶ διαμαρτύρομαί σου. » Πεῖραν τοίνυν τῆς ἐμῆς δυνάμεως εἰληφὼς, δέξαι προθύμως τὰς παρ' ἐμοῦ σοι προσφερομένας νομοθεσίας. Διαμαρτυρία γάρ ἐστι, προλέγουσά σοι τὰ τῆς ἀπειθείας τὴν τιμωρίαν, καὶ τῆς εὐπειθείας τὴν ὠφέλειαν. « Ἰσραὴλ, ἐὰν ἀκούσῃς μου, οὐκ ἔσται ἐν σοὶ θεὸς πρόσφατος, οὐδὲ προσκυνήσεις θεῷ ἀλλοτρίῳ. » [ Καὶ σαφέστερον αὐτοῖς ἑαυτὸν φανεροί τῷ εἰπεῖν ·
« ᾿Akouson, laos mou, kai diamartyromai sou. » Peiran toinyn tēs emēs dynameōs eilēphōs, dexai prothymōs tas par' emou soi prospheromenas nomothesias. Diamartyria gar esti, prolegousa soi ta tēs apeitheias tēn timōrian, kai tēs eupeitheias tēn ōpheleian. « Israēl, ean akousę̄s mou, ouk estai en soi theos prosphatos, oude proskynēseis theǭ allotriǭ. » [ Kai saphesteron autois heauton phaneroi tǭ eipein ;
"Hear, my people, and I will testify to you." "Having experienced my power, then, accept eagerly the laws I bring you. For it is a solemn testimony, foretelling to you the punishment of disobedience and the benefit of obedience." "Israel, if you will hear me, there shall be no new god among you, nor shall you worship a foreign god." [And he makes himself known to them more clearly by saying:
Ps 81:8 (80:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 81:9 (80:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:8-9: God solemnly warns Israel to have no new or foreign god.
- The final words open a bracket in Migne that is not closed, probably an addition from the catena.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR); stray mark (OCR)): Διαμαρτυρία το γάρ → Διαμαρτυρία γάρ; οὐκ ἔσται ἐν σοὶ › θεὸς → οὐκ ἔσται ἐν σοὶ θεὸς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.9 (PG 80 80:1523; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.11PG 80 80:1523
« Ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου, ὁ ἀναγαγών σε ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου. • Ταῦτα καὶ τοῦ νόμου τὸ προοίμιον ἔχει. « Ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι, φησὶ, Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου, ὁ ἐξαγαγών σε ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου - οὐκ ἔσονταί σοι θεοὶ ἕτεροι πλὴν ἐμοῦ. » Καὶ ἐνταῦθα τοίνυν παρακελεύεται ἀλλότριον καὶ νέον μὴ προσκυνῆσαι θεὸν, ἀλλὰ τὸν τὴν ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς δωρησάμενον. Ταῦτα δὲ καὶ τὴν ᾿Αρείου καὶ Εὐνομίου παραπληξίαν ἐλέγχει. Εἰ γὰρ οὐχ ὁμούσιος ὁ Μονογενής, ἀλλότριος ἄρα καλοῖτο ἂν εἰκότως· καὶ εἰ ἦν ὅτε οὐκ ἦν, πρόσφατος καὶ οὐκ ἀΐδιος. Τὸν θεῖον τοίνυν προφανῶς παραβαίνουσι νόμον, [καὶ μάλιστα οἱ τὰ τοῦ δυσσεβοῦς Νεστορίου δογματίζοντες,] ἀλλότριον καὶ πρόσφατον προσκυνοῦντες Θεόν. ᾿Αλλὰ γὰρ οὐ καιρὸς τὴν ἐκείνων ἐμβροντησίαν διελέγχειν · ἀπόχρη δὲ ὅμως καὶ ταῦτα εἰς ἔλεγχον τῆς αὐτῶν παρανομίας. « Πλάτυνον τὸ στόμα σου, καὶ πληρώσω αὐτό. » Εὐπειθῆ φησὶν, ἑαυτὸν διὰ τῆς εὐπειθείας κατάστησον, καὶ δέξαι τὴν ἀφθονίαν τῶν ἀγαθῶν· ἐντεῦθεν ἐπὶ τὴν κατηγορίαν μεταφέρει τὸν λόγον.
« Egō gar eimi Kyrios ho Theos sou, ho anagagōn se ek gēs Aigyptou. • Tauta kai tou nomou to prooimion echei. « Egō gar eimi, phēsi, Kyrios ho Theos sou, ho exagagōn se ek gēs Aigyptou - ouk esontai soi theoi heteroi plēn emou. » Kai entautha toinyn parakeleuetai allotrion kai neon mē proskynēsai theon, alla ton tēn eleutherian autois dōrēsamenon. Tauta de kai tēn ᾿Areiou kai Eunomiou paraplēxian elenchei. Ei gar ouch homousios ho Monogenēs, allotrios ara kaloito an eikotōs; kai ei ēn hote ouk ēn, prosphatos kai ouk aïdios. Ton theion toinyn prophanōs parabainousi nomon, [kai malista hoi ta tou dyssebous Nestoriou dogmatizontes,] allotrion kai prosphaton proskynountes Theon. ᾿Alla gar ou kairos tēn ekeinōn embrontēsian dielenchein ; apochrē de homōs kai tauta eis elenchon tēs autōn paranomias. « Platynon to stoma sou, kai plērōsō auto. » Eupeithē phēsin, heauton dia tēs eupeitheias katastēson, kai dexai tēn aphthonian tōn agathōn; enteuthen epi tēn katēgorian metapherei ton logon.
"For I am the Lord your God, who brought you up from the land of Egypt." The opening of the law has this too: "For I am," he says, "the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt; you shall have no other gods besides me." Here too, then, he commands them not to worship a foreign and new god, but the one who gave them freedom. This also refutes the madness of Arius and Eunomius. For if the Only-begotten is not consubstantial, he would rightly be called foreign; and if "there was when he was not," he is new and not eternal. They plainly transgress the divine law, then, [and especially those who hold the doctrines of the impious Nestorius,] worshiping a foreign and new God. But this is not the time to refute their folly; yet even this is enough to expose their lawlessness. "Open your mouth wide, and I will fill it." "Make yourself obedient through obedience," he says, "and receive the abundance of good things." From here he moves the word to accusation.
Ps 81:10 (80:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 20:2 (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 20:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:10: echoing the first commandment, God forbids a new or foreign god, which Theodoret turns against Arius and Eunomius, who make the Son not consubstantial and not eternal.
- The bracketed words naming Nestorius are bracketed in Migne (opening bracket supplied) and are a later addition from the catena; Theodoret himself did not call Nestorius impious. "There was when he was not" is the Arian formula condemned at Nicaea.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Latin letter in a Greek word (OCR); OCR letter slip; joined words (OCR); opening bracket lost in the OCR; split word (OCR); stray letters (OCR); stray mark (OCR)): ἐκγῆς Αἰγύπτου → ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου; μὴ προσκυνῆσαι δεὸν → μὴ προσκυνῆσαι θεὸν; Εὐνομίου" παραπληξίαν → Εὐνομίου παραπληξίαν; ὁμούσιος το ὁ Μονογενής → ὁμούσιος ὁ Μονογενής; καὶ οὐκ cἀΐδιος → καὶ οὐκ ἀΐδιος; προφανῶς δι παραβαίνουσι → προφανῶς παραβαίνουσι; καὶ μάλιστα οἱ τὰ τοῦ δυσσεβοῦς → [καὶ μάλιστα οἱ τὰ τοῦ δυσσεβοῦς; εὐπει θείας → εὐπειθείας.
Topics: Trinity, Heresy, Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.11 (PG 80 80:1523; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.12PG 80 80:1523
« Καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσεν ὁ λαός μου τῆς φωνῆς μου, καὶ Ἰσραὴλ οὐ προσέσχε μοι.» Ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν ταύτην αὐτῷ τὴν συμβουλὴν προσενήνοχα · αὐτὸς δὲ οὔτε ἀκοῦσαι, οὔτε προσέχειν τοῖς ὑπ᾿ ἐμοῦ λεγομένοις ὑπέσχετο.
« Kai ouk ēkousen ho laos mou tēs phōnēs mou, kai Israēl ou prosesche moi.» Egō men oun tautēn autǭ tēn symboulēn prosenēnocha ; autos de oute akousai, oute prosechein tois hyp᾿ emou legomenois hypescheto.
"But my people did not hear my voice, and Israel did not attend to me." "I offered him this counsel; but he would neither hear nor promise to attend to what I said."
Ps 81:11 (80:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:11: Israel would not listen to God's counsel.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word with stray letter (OCR)): λεΟ γομένοις → λεγομένοις.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.12 (PG 80 80:1523; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.13PG 80 80:1525
« Καὶ ἐξαπέστειλα αὐτοὺς κατὰ τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα τῶν καρδιῶν αὐτῶν · πορεύσονται ἐν τοῖς ἐπιτηδεύμασιν αὐτῶν. « Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως. Ἀφῆκα οὖν αὐτοὺς τῇ ἀρεσκείᾳ τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν, ὁδεύειν ταῖς βουλαῖς αὐτῶν. Οὕτως δὲ καὶ ὁ ᾿Ακύλας, Καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς ἐν σκολιότητι καρδίας αὐτῶν, πορεύσονται ἐν βουλεύμασιν αὐτῶν. ᾿Απειθῆ γὰρ αὐτὸν θεασάμενος, τῆς μὲν ἐμαυτοῦ κηδεμονίας αὐτὸν ἐγύμνωσα. Εἴασα δὲ αὐτὸν τοῖς οἰκείοις φέρεσθαι λογισμοῖς, ὡς᾿ ἀνερμάτιστον καὶ ἀκυβέρνητον σκάφος· πρόκειται· δὲ εἰς θεωρίαν τοῖς βουλομένοις ἡ τῆς προφητείας ἀλήθεια. Ἔρημοι γὰρ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ βοηθείας οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι γενόμενοι, εἰς ἅπασαν γῆν μὲν καὶ θάλασσαν διεσπάρησαν, δοῦλοι δὲ ἀντ᾽ ἐλευθέρων ἐγένοντο. Δυσσεβείᾳ δὲ πάσῃ συζῶσι, γοητείαις καὶ δαιμόνων ἐπῳδαῖς κεχρημένοι, τὸν δὲ σεσωκότα Θεὸν προσκυνεῖν οὐκ ἐθέλοντες.
« Kai exapesteila autous kata ta epitēdeumata tōn kardiōn autōn ; poreusontai en tois epitēdeumasin autōn. « Ho de Symmachos houtōs. Aphēka oun autous tę̄ areskeią tēs kardias autōn, hodeuein tais boulais autōn. Houtōs de kai ho ᾿Akylas, Kai exapesteilen autous en skoliotēti kardias autōn, poreusontai en bouleumasin autōn. ᾿Apeithē gar auton theasamenos, tēs men emautou kēdemonias auton egymnōsa. Eiasa de auton tois oikeiois pheresthai logismois, hōs᾿ anermatiston kai akybernēton skaphos; prokeitai; de eis theōrian tois boulomenois hē tēs prophēteias alētheia. Erēmoi gar tēs tou Theou boētheias hoi Ioudaioi genomenoi, eis hapasan gēn men kai thalassan diesparēsan, douloi de ant᾽ eleutherōn egenonto. Dyssebeią de pasę̄ syzōsi, goēteiais kai daimonōn epǭdais kechrēmenoi, ton de sesōkota Theon proskynein ouk ethelontes.
"And I sent them away according to the practices of their hearts; they will walk in their own practices." Symmachus has: "So I let them go to the pleasure of their heart, to walk by their own counsels." So too Aquila: "And he sent them away in the crookedness of their heart; they will walk in their counsels." "For seeing him disobedient, I stripped him of my care and let him be carried along by his own thoughts, like a boat without ballast or helmsman." The truth of the prophecy lies open for any who wish to see. For the Jews, bereft of God's help, have been scattered over every land and sea, and became slaves instead of free men. They live with every impiety, using sorceries and the incantations of demons, unwilling to worship the God who saved them.
Ps 81:12 (80:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:12: God left disobedient Israel to its own counsels; Theodoret sees this fulfilled in the Jews' dispersion.
- Theodoret's description of the Jews of his day is his own polemic; translated as written.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR); stray mark (OCR)): ἐν βουλεύμασιν · αὐτῶν → ἐν βουλεύμασιν αὐτῶν; αὐτὸν ὁ ἐγύμνωσα → αὐτὸν ἐγύμνωσα; γενόμενοι ", εἰς → γενόμενοι, εἰς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.13 (PG 80 80:1525; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-13
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.14PG 80 80:1525
« Εἰ ὁ λαός μου ἤκουσέ μου, Ἰσραὴλ ταῖς ὁδοῖς μου εἰ ἐπορεύθη, ἐν τῷ μηδενὶ ἂν τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτῶν ἐταπείνωσα, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς θλίβοντας αὐτοὺς ἐπέβαλον ἂν τὴν χεῖρά μου. » Εἰ δὲ τῶν ἐμῶν ἠνέσχετο παραινέσεων, καὶ ταῖς ἐμαῖς ἡκολούθησεν ἐντολαῖς, ῥᾳδίως ἂν αὐτῶν κατέλυσα τοὺς ἐχθρούς. Τὸ γὰρ, ἐν τῷ μηδενὶ, τὴν εὐκολίαν δηλοῖ, ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ἀκονητὶ καὶ ἀπόνως, καὶ ἐν ἀκαρεῖ τὸν ἐκείνων ὄλεθρον ἐπενεγκεῖν ἠδυνάμην.
« Ei ho laos mou ēkouse mou, Israēl tais hodois mou ei eporeuthē, en tǭ mēdeni an tous echthrous autōn etapeinōsa, kai epi tous thlibontas autous epebalon an tēn cheira mou. » Ei de tōn emōn ēnescheto paraineseōn, kai tais emais hēkolouthēsen entolais, rhądiōs an autōn katelysa tous echthrous. To gar, en tǭ mēdeni, tēn eukolian dēloi, anti tou, Akonēti kai aponōs, kai en akarei ton ekeinōn olethron epenenkein ēdynamēn.
"If my people had heard me, if Israel had walked in my ways, I would have humbled their enemies in nothing, and laid my hand on those who afflict them." "If he had accepted my exhortations and followed my commandments, I would easily have destroyed their enemies." For "in nothing" shows the ease: "without effort or toil, in an instant, I could have brought on their destruction."
Ps 81:13 (80:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 81:14 (80:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:13-14: had Israel obeyed, God would easily have destroyed their enemies.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slips): ἐπεκεγκεῖν ἡδυνάμην → ἐπενεγκεῖν ἠδυνάμην.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.14 (PG 80 80:1525; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-14
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.16PG 80 80:1525
« Οἱ ἐχθροὶ Κυρίου ἐψεύσαντο αὐτῷ. » Ὁ δὲ ᾿Ακύλας οὕτως, Μισοποιοῦντες Κύριον ἀρνήσονται . Τῇ γὰρ ἀρνήσει τοῦ Δεσπότου Χριστοῦ τὸ καθ' ἑαυτῶν κατεσκεύασαν μῖσος, καὶ ἐχθροὺς ἑαυτοὺς τοῦ Κυρίου κατέστησαν ψευσάμενοι αὐτῷ, καὶ τὰς γεγενημένας παραβάντες συνθήκας. Μετὰ γὰρ τὴν νομοθεσίαν ἀπεκρίνατο, φησὶν, ὁ λαός · « Πάντα ὅσα εἶπε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ποιήσομεν καὶ ἀκουσόμεθα. » Καὶ αἱ μὲν ὑποσχέσεις τοιαῦται, τὰ δὲ ῥήματα ἄντικρυς ἐναντία. Φανέντα γὰρ τὸν οἰκεῖον Δεσπότην ἐσταύρωσαν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐδέξαντο τῆς ἀσεβείας ἐπιτίμιον, τὸν αἰώνιον ὄλεθρον. [Οὐκ αὐτοὶ δὲ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἄρειος καὶ Εὐνόμιος καὶ Νεστόριος καὶ οἱ τὰ ἐκείνων θρησκεύοντες.] Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ἡ προφητεία δεδήλωκεν. • Καὶ ἔσται ὁ καιρὸς αὐτῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. » Σαφέστερον δὲ ὁ Σύμμαχος εἴρηκεν · εἰρηκὼς γὰρ, Μισοποιοί Κυρίου οἱ ψευσάμενοι αὐτῷ, ἐπήγαγεν, Ἀλλ᾽ ἔσται ὁ καιρὸς αὐτῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. Καιρὸν δὲ καλεῖ τὰς συμφοράς. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ οἱ Σύροι, καὶ οἱ Ἑβραῖοι ταύτας ὀνομάζειν εἰώθασι· πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ παρ᾿ ἡμῖν οὕτω ταύτας ἀποκαλοῦσι. Λέγει τοίνυν, ὅτι ταύταις Ἰουδαῖοι οὐ κατά τινα ῥητὸν περιπεσοῦνται χρόνον, ἀλλ᾽ εἰς αἰῶνα διατελοῦσι τῆς θείας ἐστερημένοι κηδεμονίας. Έοικε δὲ τοῦτο τοῦ ογ' ψαλμοῦ τῷ προοιμίῳ, • Ινατί, ὁ Θεὸς, ἀπώσω εἰς τέλος; › Καὶ γὰρ ἐκεῖ τὴν παντελῆ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀποβολὴν προηγόρευσεν.
« Hoi echthroi Kyriou epseusanto autǭ. » Ho de ᾿Akylas houtōs, Misopoiountes Kyrion arnēsontai . Tę̄ gar arnēsei tou Despotou Christou to kath' heautōn kateskeuasan misos, kai echthrous heautous tou Kyriou katestēsan pseusamenoi autǭ, kai tas gegenēmenas parabantes synthēkas. Meta gar tēn nomothesian apekrinato, phēsin, ho laos ; « Panta hosa eipe Kyrios ho Theos poiēsomen kai akousometha. » Kai hai men hyposcheseis toiautai, ta de rhēmata antikrys enantia. Phanenta gar ton oikeion Despotēn estaurōsan, all᾽ edexanto tēs asebeias epitimion, ton aiōnion olethron. [Ouk autoi de monon, alla kai Areios kai Eunomios kai Nestorios kai hoi ta ekeinōn thrēskeuontes.] Touto de kai hē prophēteia dedēlōken. • Kai estai ho kairos autōn eis ton aiōna. » Saphesteron de ho Symmachos eirēken ; eirēkōs gar, Misopoioi Kyriou hoi pseusamenoi autǭ, epēgagen, All᾽ estai ho kairos autōn eis ton aiōna. Kairon de kalei tas symphoras. Houtō gar kai hoi Syroi, kai hoi Hebraioi tautas onomazein eiōthasi; polloi de kai par᾿ hēmin houtō tautas apokalousi. Legei toinyn, hoti tautais Ioudaioi ou kata tina rhēton peripesountai chronon, all᾽ eis aiōna diatelousi tēs theias esterēmenoi kēdemonias. Eoike de touto tou og' psalmou tǭ prooimiǭ, • Inati, ho Theos, apōsō eis telos? › Kai gar ekei tēn pantelē tōn Ioudaiōn apobolēn proēgoreusen.
"The enemies of the Lord lied to him." Aquila has: "Those who make the Lord hated will deny." For by denying Christ the Lord they brought hatred on themselves and made themselves enemies of the Lord, lying to him and breaking the covenants made. For after the giving of the law, it says, the people answered, "All that the Lord God has said we will do and hear." Such were the promises, but the deeds were directly contrary; for when their own Master appeared, they crucified him; and they received eternal destruction as the penalty for impiety. [Not they alone, but also Arius and Eunomius and Nestorius and those who follow their doctrines.] The prophecy too showed this: "And their time will be forever." Symmachus said it more clearly; for having said, "Those who make the Lord hated are those who lied to him," he added, "But their time will be forever." He calls misfortunes "time"; for the Syrians and the Hebrews usually name them so, and many among us call them this too. He says, then, that the Jews will fall into these not for a fixed time, but will remain forever deprived of God's care. This is like the opening of the seventy-third psalm, "Why, O God, have you cast us off to the end?" For there too he foretold the complete rejection of the Jews.
Ps 81:15 (80:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 24:7 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 74:1 (73:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:15: the Lord's enemies broke their Sinai promise and crucified Christ; their "time," meaning misfortune, will last forever.
- The bracketed sentence naming Nestorius is bracketed in Migne (opening bracket supplied), a later addition from the catena. A marginal reference (Exod 24) leaked into the text and a stray bracket are removed.
- Theodoret's verdict on the Jews is translated as written.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (marginal reference leaked into the text (OCR); opening bracket lost in the OCR; split word (OCR); stray bracket (OCR)): Οὐκ αὐτοὶ δὲ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἄρειος → [Οὐκ αὐτοὶ δὲ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἄρειος; εἰρηκὼς γὰρ, Εχου. ΧΧιν,. Μισοποιοί → εἰρηκὼς γὰρ, Μισοποιοί; ταύτας ] ὀνομάζειν → ταύτας ὀνομάζειν; προηγό ρευσεν → προηγόρευσεν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.16 (PG 80 80:1525; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-16
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
80.17PG 80 80:1527
« Καὶ ἐψώμισεν αὐτοὺς ἐκ στέατος πυροῦ καὶ ἐκ πέτρας μέλι ἐχόρτασεν αὐτούς. » Πολλὴν δὲ, φησὶν, ἀχαριστίαν νενοσηκότες, οὐκ ἐμνήσθησαν τῶν ἤδη παρασχεθέντων αὐτοῖς ἀγαθῶν. Ἐν μὲν γὰρ τῇ ἐρήμῳ τὸ ἥδιστον αὐτοῖς ἐκ τῆς πέτρας ἐξήγαγεν ὕδωρ, ὁ διψῶσιν αὐτοῖς ἐνομίσθη μιμεῖσθαι γλυκύτητα μέλιτος· ἐν δὲ τῇ γῇ τῆς ἐπαγγελίας τοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς αὐτοῖς ἀφθόνως ἐδωρήσατο καρπούς. Ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ μέρους τὸ πᾶν παρεδήλωσε, καὶ διὰ τοῦ σίτου καὶ τῶν ἄλλων καρπῶν τὴν χορηγίαν ἐσήμανεν.
« Kai epsōmisen autous ek steatos pyrou kai ek petras meli echortasen autous. » Pollēn de, phēsin, acharistian nenosēkotes, ouk emnēsthēsan tōn ēdē paraschethentōn autois agathōn. En men gar tę̄ erēmǭ to hēdiston autois ek tēs petras exēgagen hydōr, ho dipsōsin autois enomisthē mimeisthai glykytēta melitos; en de tę̄ gę̄ tēs epangelias tous apo tēs gēs autois aphthonōs edōrēsato karpous. Apo gar tou merous to pan paredēlōse, kai dia tou sitou kai tōn allōn karpōn tēn chorēgian esēmanen.
"And he fed them with the fat of wheat, and with honey from the rock he satisfied them." "Suffering from great ingratitude," he says, "they did not remember the good things already given them." For in the desert he brought out for them the sweetest water from the rock, which to them in their thirst seemed to imitate the sweetness of honey; and in the promised land he gave them the fruits of the earth abundantly. By the part he indicated the whole, and by the wheat and other fruits he signified the supply.
Ps 81:16 (80:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 81:16: God had fed Israel with water sweet as honey from the rock and with the produce of the land.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray dash (OCR)): Ἐν μὲν - γὰρ → Ἐν μὲν γὰρ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 80.17 (PG 80 80:1527; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/80-17
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.