Interpretation of the Psalms 81.1–83.12
Greek text: PG 80.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 81
81.1PG 80 80:1527
« Ψαλμὸς τῷ ᾿Ασάφ. » Τὴν ἀποβολὴν εἰπὼν τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐν τῷ πρὸ τούτου ψαλμῷ, ἐνταῦθα καὶ τὰς αἰτίας σαφέστερον ἐκτίθησι, δι᾽ ἂς αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς ἀπεβάλλετο· διδάσκων πάντως, ὡς εἴγε ἐκείνους μιμησόμεθα, τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἢ χείροσι περιπέσομεν. « Ὁ Θεὸς ἔστη ἐν συναγωγῇ θεῶν, ἐν μέσῳ δὲ θεοὺς διακρινεῖ. » Τοὺς Ἰουδαίων ἄρχοντας θεοὺς, ὡς τὸ κρίνειν πεπιστευμένους, ὠνόμασεν . Οὕτως αὐτοὺς καὶ ὁ νόμος ἀποκαλεῖ. « Θεοὺς οὐ κακολογήσεις, καὶ ἄρχοντα τοῦ λαοῦ σου οὐκ ἐρεῖς κακῶς. › Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἀληθῶς κριτὴς ὁ Θεός ἐστιν, ἐνεχειρίσθησαν δὲ καὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι κρίνειν, προσηγορεύθησαν οἱ ταῦτα πεπιστευμένοι θεοὶ, ἅτε δὴ Θεὸν ἐν τούτῳ · μιμούμενοι. ᾿Αλλὰ τοὺς οὐκ ἐνδίκως δικάζοντας, οὐδὲ ἀκλινῶς κατέχοντας τὰ τῆς δίκης ζυγὰ, ὁ δίκαιος ἐνταῦθα διελέγχει κριτής, καὶ τὴν ἐσομένην ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ δικαίαν κρίσιν προαγορεύει.
« Psalmos tǭ ᾿Asaph. » Tēn apobolēn eipōn tōn Ioudaiōn en tǭ pro toutou psalmǭ, entautha kai tas aitias saphesteron ektithēsi, di᾽ as autous ho Theos apeballeto; didaskōn pantōs, hōs eige ekeinous mimēsometha, tois autois ē cheirosi peripesomen. « Ho Theos estē en synagōgę̄ theōn, en mesǭ de theous diakrinei. » Tous Ioudaiōn archontas theous, hōs to krinein pepisteumenous, ōnomasen . Houtōs autous kai ho nomos apokalei. « Theous ou kakologēseis, kai archonta tou laou sou ouk ereis kakōs. › Epeidē gar alēthōs kritēs ho Theos estin, enecheiristhēsan de kai hoi anthrōpoi krinein, prosēgoreuthēsan hoi tauta pepisteumenoi theoi, hate dē Theon en toutǭ ; mimoumenoi. ᾿Alla tous ouk endikōs dikazontas, oude aklinōs katechontas ta tēs dikēs zyga, ho dikaios entautha dielenchei kritēs, kai tēn esomenēn hyp᾿ autou dikaian krisin proagoreuei.
"A psalm of Asaph." Having spoken in the preceding psalm of the rejection of the Jews, here he sets out more clearly the reasons for which God rejected them; teaching us surely that if we imitate them, we shall fall into the same or worse. "God stood in the assembly of gods; in the midst he will judge gods." He named the rulers of the Jews "gods," as entrusted with judging. The law too calls them so: "You shall not revile gods, nor speak evil of a ruler of your people." For since God is truly judge, and men too were entrusted with judging, those entrusted with this were called gods, as imitating God in this. But here the just judge rebukes those who do not judge justly nor hold the scales of justice steady, and foretells the just judgment he will make.
Ps 82:1 (81:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 22:28 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 82, title and verse 1: the "gods" are Israel's judges, called so because they share God's office of judging, and God rebukes them for injustice.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip; split word (OCR)): ἐρεῖς και κῶς → ἐρεῖς κακῶς; προσηγο ρεύθησαν → προσηγορεύθησαν; ἐτομένην → ἐσομένην.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 81.1 (PG 80 80:1527; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
81.2PG 80 80:1527
« Ἕως πότε κρίνετε ἀδικίαν, καὶ πρόσωπα ἁμαρτωλῶν λαμβάνετε ; › Μέχρι τίνος, φησὶν, ἀδέκαστον οὐκ ἐκφέρετε ψῆφον, ἀλλὰ τῶν δυνατῶν καὶ παρανόμων ἐλέγχειν παραιτεῖσθε τὴν ἀδικίαν, καὶ παρορᾶτε τοὺς πενίᾳ συζῶντας ἀπὸ τούτων ἀδικουμένους;
« Heōs pote krinete adikian, kai prosōpa hamartōlōn lambanete ? › Mechri tinos, phēsin, adekaston ouk ekpherete psēphon, alla tōn dynatōn kai paranomōn elenchein paraiteisthe tēn adikian, kai parorate tous penią syzōntas apo toutōn adikoumenous?
"How long will you judge unjustly and show partiality to sinners?" "How long," he says, "will you not give an impartial verdict, but decline to expose the injustice of the powerful and lawless, and overlook those living in poverty who are wronged by them?"
Ps 82:2 (81:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 82:2: the judges favor the powerful and neglect the wronged poor.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): καὶ η παρορᾶτε → καὶ παρορᾶτε.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 81.2 (PG 80 80:1527; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
81.3PG 80 80:1527
« Κρίνατε ὀρφανῷ καὶ πτωχῷ, ταπεινὸν καὶ πένητα δικαιώσατε. » "Εκάτερος δὲ τούτων ἐνδεὴς βοηθείας.
« Krinate orphanǭ kai ptōchǭ, tapeinon kai penēta dikaiōsate. » "Ekateros de toutōn endeēs boētheias.
"Judge for the orphan and the poor; justify the lowly and the needy." Each of these needs help.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Ps 82:3 (81:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 82:3: the judges must defend the orphan, the poor, and the needy.
- The comment is unusually short (under 25 words); some lines may have been lost in the scan.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): πτωχῷ σο, ταπεινὸν → πτωχῷ, ταπεινὸν; δικαιώσατε δι. » → δικαιώσατε. ».
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 81.3 (PG 80 80:1527; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
81.4PG 80 80:1529
· Ἐξέλεσθε πένητα καὶ πτωχόν· ἐκ χειρὸς ἁμαρτωλῶν δὲ ῥύσασθε αὐτόν . » Μὴ γένηται τοῖς ἀδικοῦσιν ὁ πένης εὐχείρωτος ὑμῶν προστατευόντων, καὶ τὸ δικάζειν πεπιστευμένων.
; Exelesthe penēta kai ptōchon; ek cheiros hamartōlōn de rhysasthe auton . » Mē genētai tois adikousin ho penēs eucheirōtos hymōn prostateuontōn, kai to dikazein pepisteumenōn.
"Rescue the needy and poor; deliver him from the hand of sinners." "Let not the needy be easy prey for wrongdoers while you are their protectors and entrusted with judging."
Ps 82:4 (81:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 82:4: the judges must rescue the poor from the wicked.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 81.4 (PG 80 80:1529; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
81.5PG 80 80:1529
« Οὐκ ἔγνωσαν, οὐδὲ συνῆκαν· εν σκότει διαπορεύονται. • ᾿Αλλὰ τούτων οὐδὲν ἠθέλησαν συνιδεῖν, οὐδὲ τῷ τῶν ἐμῶν λόγων καταυγασθῆναι φωτί• διά τοι τοῦτο, ὡς ἐν νυκτὶ καὶ ζόφῳ διάγοντες πολιτεύονται. « Σαλευθήτωσαν πάντα τὰ θεμέλια τῆς γῆς. » Ταύτης ἕνεκα τῆς ἀληθείας ταραχῆς καὶ ζάλης ὁ βίος ἐμπέπλησται, καὶ τοῖς ἐπαλλήλοις ἡ γῆ κλονεῖται κακοῖς.
« Ouk egnōsan, oude synēkan; en skotei diaporeuontai. • ᾿Alla toutōn ouden ēthelēsan synidein, oude tǭ tōn emōn logōn kataugasthēnai phōti• dia toi touto, hōs en nykti kai zophǭ diagontes politeuontai. « Saleuthētōsan panta ta themelia tēs gēs. » Tautēs heneka tēs alētheias tarachēs kai zalēs ho bios empeplēstai, kai tois epallēlois hē gē kloneitai kakois.
"They did not know nor understand; they walk in darkness." "But they were unwilling to see any of this, or to be lit by the light of my words; for this reason they conduct themselves as if living in night and gloom." "Let all the foundations of the earth be shaken." "Because of this, life is full of the turmoil and storm of truth, and the earth is shaken by evils one after another."
Ps 82:5 (81:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 82:5: the unjust judges walk in darkness, and the world is shaken by evils.
- "Of truth" is as printed; the sense may be "Because of this [neglect of] truth."
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): συν ιδεῖν → συνιδεῖν; Ταύτης σ' ἕνεκα → Ταύτης ἕνεκα.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 81.5 (PG 80 80:1529; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
81.6PG 80 80:1529
· Ἐγὼ εἶπα, Θεοί ἐστε, καὶ υἱοὶ Ὑψίστου, πάντες. · Ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν ὑμᾶς τετίμηκα· καὶ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ προσηγορίας μετέδωκα , καὶ υἱοὺς ἐμοὺς προσηγόρευσα.
; Egō eipa, Theoi este, kai huioi Hypsistou, pantes. ; Egō men oun hymas tetimēka; kai tēs emautou prosēgorias metedōka , kai huious emous prosēgoreusa.
"I said, 'You are gods, and sons of the Most High, all of you.'" "I honored you and gave you a share in my own name, and called you my sons."
Ps 82:6 (81:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 82:6: God honored the judges with his own name and called them his sons.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 81.6 (PG 80 80:1529; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
81.7PG 80 80:1529
« Ὑμεῖς δὲ ὡς ἄνθρωποι ἀποθνήσκετε, καὶ ὡς εἷς τῶν ἀρχόντων πίπτετε. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως · Ὑμεῖς δὲ ὡς ἄνθρωποι ἀποθανεῖσθε, καὶ ὡς εἰς τῶν ἀρχόντων πεσεῖσθε. Τὴν γὰρ οἰκείαν τιμὴν ἀγνοήσαντες, τὰ αὐτὰ τῷ διαβόλῳ πεπόνθατε ὃς ἀρχὴν παρ᾿ ἐμοῦ πιστευθεὶς, καὶ χρήσασθαι τοῖς δοθεῖσιν εἰς δέον οὐκ ἐθελήσας, ἐξέπεσε τῆς τιμῆς. Τὸν αὐτὸν δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἀνθρώποις ὑπομένετε θάνατον, εὔκλειαν οὐδεμίαν μετὰ θάνατον ἔχοντες. Οὕτως ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος τῶν ἀδίκων κριτῶν τὸν ἔλεγχον ποιησάμενος, τὸν ἀληθῆ καὶ δίκαιον ἱκετεύει Κριτὴν τῆς οἰκουμένης τὴν κρίσιν ποιήσασθαι.
« Hymeis de hōs anthrōpoi apothnēskete, kai hōs heis tōn archontōn piptete. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs ; Hymeis de hōs anthrōpoi apothaneisthe, kai hōs eis tōn archontōn peseisthe. Tēn gar oikeian timēn agnoēsantes, ta auta tǭ diabolǭ peponthate hos archēn par᾿ emou pisteutheis, kai chrēsasthai tois dotheisin eis deon ouk ethelēsas, exepese tēs timēs. Ton auton de kai tois allois anthrōpois hypomenete thanaton, eukleian oudemian meta thanaton echontes. Houtōs ho prophētikos logos tōn adikōn kritōn ton elenchon poiēsamenos, ton alēthē kai dikaion hiketeuei Kritēn tēs oikoumenēs tēn krisin poiēsasthai.
"But you die like men and fall like one of the rulers." Symmachus has: "But you will die like men and fall like one of the rulers." "For not knowing your own honor, you have suffered the same as the devil, who, entrusted with rule by me and unwilling to use what was given as he should, fell from honor. And you undergo the same death as other men, having no good repute after death." Having thus rebuked the unjust judges, the prophetic word begs the true and just Judge of the world to make his judgment.
Ps 82:7 (81:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 82:7: the unjust judges will fall like the devil, who misused the rule entrusted to him, and die like all men.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (capitalization slip (OCR)): τῆς τιμῆς. τὸν αὐτὸν → τῆς τιμῆς. Τὸν αὐτὸν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 81.7 (PG 80 80:1529; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
81.8PG 80 80:1529
« Ανάστα, ὁ Θεὸς, κρῖνον τὴν γῆν, ὅτι σὺ κατακληρονομήσεις ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσιν. › Ταῦτα δὲ ἄντικρυς τοῦ Δεσπότου Χριστοῦ τὴν κρίσιν δηλοῖ. Πρὸς αὐτὸν γὰρ κατὰ τὸ ἀνθρώπινον εἴρηκεν ὁ Πατήρ· « Αἴτησαι παρ' ἐμοῦ, καὶ δώσω σοι ἔθνη τὴν κληρονομίαν σου, καὶ τὴν κατάσχεσίν σου τὰ πέρατα τῆς γῆς. » Τοιγάρτοι τοῦτον ὁ προφήτης ἀντιβολεῖ ἐπιφανῆναι ταχέως, καὶ κρῖναι δικαίως, καὶ τοὺς ἀδίκους παῦσαι κριτὰς, καὶ τὴν μὲν Ἰουδαίων κληρονομίαν καταλιπεῖν, ἀντιλαβεῖν δὲ τὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν, [μᾶλλον δὲ ταύτην περιηγήσασθαι καὶ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ὀρέξαι τὴν σωτηρίαν διὰ τῆς ἀκαταλήπτου αὐτοῦ οἰκονομίας.]
« Anasta, ho Theos, krinon tēn gēn, hoti sy kataklēronomēseis en pasi tois ethnesin. › Tauta de antikrys tou Despotou Christou tēn krisin dēloi. Pros auton gar kata to anthrōpinon eirēken ho Patēr; « Aitēsai par' emou, kai dōsō soi ethnē tēn klēronomian sou, kai tēn kataschesin sou ta perata tēs gēs. » Toigartoi touton ho prophētēs antibolei epiphanēnai tacheōs, kai krinai dikaiōs, kai tous adikous pausai kritas, kai tēn men Ioudaiōn klēronomian katalipein, antilabein de tēn tōn ethnōn, [mallon de tautēn periēgēsasthai kai pasin anthrōpois orexai tēn sōtērian dia tēs akatalēptou autou oikonomias.]
"Arise, O God, judge the earth, for you will inherit among all the nations." These words plainly show the judgment of Christ the Lord. For to him, according to his humanity, the Father said, "Ask of me, and I will give you nations as your inheritance, and the ends of the earth as your possession." So the prophet begs him to appear quickly, judge justly, stop the unjust judges, and leave the inheritance of the Jews and take that of the nations instead, [or rather to go about it and stretch out salvation to all people through his incomprehensible dispensation.]
Ps 82:8 (81:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 2:8 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 82:8: the prophet calls on Christ, heir of the nations, to judge the earth and take the nations as his inheritance.
- The final clause is bracketed in Migne (opening bracket supplied, a stray bracket removed), probably an addition from the catena.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (bracket misplaced (OCR)): μᾶλλον δὲ ταύτην περιηγήσασθαι] → [μᾶλλον δὲ ταύτην περιηγήσασθαι.
Topics: Christology, Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 81.8 (PG 80 80:1529; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/81-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 82
82.1PG 80 80:1531
« ᾠδὴ ψαλμοῦ τῷ ᾿Ασάφ. » Μετὰ τὴν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος ἐπάνοδον τὴν νεουργίαν τοῦ θείου νεώ, καὶ τὴν τῶν Ἰουδαίων περιφάνειαν οἱ ἀστυγείτονες θεασάμενοι, κατὰ ταυτὸν συναγείρονται, καὶ ἕτερα βάρβαρα συναθροίσαντες ἔθνη, τὸν πρὸς. Ἰουδαίους ἐδέξαντο πόλεμον. Καὶ ταῦτα προλέγουσι μὲν οἱ θειότατοι· Ἰωὴλ, καὶ Ἐζεκιήλ, προλέγει δὲ Μιχαίας, καὶ Ζαχαρίας, οἱ θαυμάσιοι προφῆται. Νικῶσι δὲ ὅμως ἅπαντας, στρατηγοῦντος μὲν τοῦ Ζοροβάβελ, ἄνωθεν δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ συμμαχοῦντος, καὶ τὸ τῶν πολεμίων καταλύοντος θράσος. Ταῦτα οὗτος ὁ ψαλμὸς προθεσπίζει. Ἐσχημάτισται δὲ εἰς εὐχὴν ἡ προφητεία τοῦ θείου Πνεύματος τοὺς τηνικαῦτα πολεμουμένους διδάσκοντος, πῶς δεῖ τὸν Θεὸν ἱλεώσασθαι.
« ǭdē psalmou tǭ ᾿Asaph. » Meta tēn apo Babylōnos epanodon tēn neourgian tou theiou neō, kai tēn tōn Ioudaiōn periphaneian hoi astygeitones theasamenoi, kata tauton synageirontai, kai hetera barbara synathroisantes ethnē, ton pros. Ioudaious edexanto polemon. Kai tauta prolegousi men hoi theiotatoi; Iōēl, kai Ezekiēl, prolegei de Michaias, kai Zacharias, hoi thaumasioi prophētai. Nikōsi de homōs hapantas, stratēgountos men tou Zorobabel, anōthen de tou Theou symmachountos, kai to tōn polemiōn katalyontos thrasos. Tauta houtos ho psalmos prothespizei. Eschēmatistai de eis euchēn hē prophēteia tou theiou Pneumatos tous tēnikauta polemoumenous didaskontos, pōs dei ton Theon hileōsasthai.
"An ode of a psalm of Asaph." After the return from Babylon, the neighboring peoples, seeing the renewal of the divine temple and the renown of the Jews, gathered together, assembled other barbarian nations, and took up war against the Jews. The most divine Joel and Ezekiel foretell this, and the wonderful prophets Micah and Zechariah foretell it too. Yet they defeated them all, with Zerubbabel as general and God fighting with them from above and destroying the enemies' boldness. This psalm foretells these things. The prophecy is framed as a prayer, the divine Spirit teaching those then under attack how they must propitiate God.
Ps 83:1 (82:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Joel 3:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · Ezek 38:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · Mic 4:11 (allusion, medium confidence) · Zech 12:3 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83, title: the psalm foretells the coalition of neighboring nations against the returned Jews, defeated under Zerubbabel, as Joel, Ezekiel, Micah, and Zechariah also foretold.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ἐδέξαντο το πόλεμον → ἐδέξαντο πόλεμον; προλέγει δὲ τα Μιχαίας → προλέγει δὲ Μιχαίας; τὸν Θεὸν τε ἱλεώσασθαι → τὸν Θεὸν ἱλεώσασθαι.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.1 (PG 80 80:1531; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.2PG 80 80:1531
Ὁ Θεὸς, τίς ὁμοιωθήσεταί σοι ; » Οὐδὲ πᾶσα, φησὶ, κατὰ ταυτὸν συναθροισθεῖσα τῶν ἀγγέλων καὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἡ φύσις παραβληθῆναι τῇ σῇ δυνάμει δυνήσεται· ἀσύγκριτον γὰρ ἔχεις τὸ κράτος. Τὸ δὲ τίς, ἀντὶ τοῦ οὐδεὶς τέθεικεν... Μή σιγήσῃς μηδὲ καταπραΰνῃς, ὁ Θεός.» Ἱκετεύομέν σε, Δέσποτα, μὴ χρήσασθαι τῇ συνήθει μακροθυμίᾳ. Τὸ γὰρ Μὴ καταπραΰνῃς τοῦτο δηλοῖ. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ὁ Σύμμαχος ἡρμήνευσε, Μὴ ἠρεμήσῃς. Εἶτα διδάσκει τῆς ἐντεύξεως τὴν αἰτίαν. « Ὅτι ἰδοὺ οἱ ἐχθροί σου ἤχησαν, καὶ οἱ μισοῦντές σε ἦραν κεφαλήν. » Δίκην, φησὶ, θαλάττης ἠχοῦσι, καὶ κυμαίνουσι, καθ' ἡμῶν ἀλαζονείᾳ καὶ θρασύτητι κεχρημένοι, οἱ διὰ τὴν πρός σε δυσμένειαν τὸν καθ' ἡμῶν ἀναδεξάμενοι πόλεμον. Πρός σε γὰρ ἀπεχθανόμενοι τὸν ἀνακείμενόν σοι πολιορκοῦσι λαόν. « Ἐπὶ τὸν λαόν σου κατεπανουργεύσαντο γνώμην, καὶ ἐπεβουλεύσαντο κατὰ τῶν ἁγίων σου.» Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως · ἀντὶ τῶν ἁγίων σου, Κατὰ τοῦ ἀποκρύφου σου. Ὁ δὲ Ακύλας · Κατὰ τοῦ συγκεκρυμμένου σου. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ Θεοδοτίων. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἔμελλε κατὰ σάρκα βλαστήσειν ὁ Δεσπότης Χριστὸς, συνεληλύθει δὲ τὰ ἔθνη πρόῤῥιζον ἀνασπᾶσαι τῶν Ἰουδαίων τὸ γένος βουλόμενα, ταύτην αὐτοὺς προσενεγκεῖν διδάσκει τὴν δέησιν τὸ πανάγιον Πνεῦμα, ὅτι οὐ καθ' ἡμῶν μόνον τῇ πανουργίᾳ καὶ ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς κέχρηνται, ἀλλὰ καὶ κατὰ τοῦ ἀποκρύφου σου, καὶ ἐν ἡμῖν ἀποκεκρυμμένου, ὃν ἀνθήσειν ἐκ τῆς Ἰούδα φυλῆς προηγόρευσε. Τῆς γὰρ ῥίζης ἐκτεμνομένης, πόθεν ὁ καρπὸς φυήσεται; Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ διὰ Ἡσαΐου δεδήλωκεν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεός. « Ὃν τρόπον, φησὶν, ὅτ' ἂν εὑρεθῇ ῥὼξ ἐν τῷ βότρυϊ, καὶ ἐροῦσι, Μὴ λυμήνῃ· αὐτὸν, ὅτι εὐλογία Κυρίου ἐστὶν ἐν αὐτῷ, οὕτω ποιήσω ἕνεκεν τοῦ δουλεύοντός μοι· διὰ τοῦτον οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσω πάντας, καὶ ἐξάξω τὸ ἐξ Ἰακὼβ σπέρμα, καὶ τὸ ἐξ Ἰούδα, καὶ τότε, φησὶ, τοὺς λοιποὺς πανωλεθρίᾳ παραδώσω. › Διά τὴν ῥῶγα τοίνυν τὴν μίαν ἅπας ὁ βότρυς κηδεμονίας ἀπήλαυσε, μᾶλλον δὲ ἅπας ὁ ἀμπελών · ἐκείνης δὲ ληφθείσης, καὶ μετ' ἐκείνου" συλλεγέντος τοῦ ἄλλου καρποῦ, ὁ λοιπὸς ἀμπελὼν παρεδόθη θηρίοις, καὶ λυμαίνεται αὐτὸν ἷς ἐκ δρυμοῦ, καὶ μονιὸς ἄγριος κατανέμεται, καὶ πάντες οἱ παραπορευόμενοι τὴν ὁδὸν συμπατοῦσιν ὡς βούλονται. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ἐνταῦθα προσευχόμενοι λέγουσιν, ὅτι, Οὐ καθ' ἡμῶν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ κατὰ τοῦ ἀποκεκρυμμένου σου τολμῶσι λυττᾷν. Τὸ γὰρ, Ἆρον, ἆρον, σταύρωσον, δήλους αὐτοὺς πεποίηκε ὡσανεὶ κυνῶν δίκην λυττῶντας. Τούτοις δὲ σύμφωνα καὶ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα.
Ho Theos, tis homoiōthēsetai soi ? » Oude pasa, phēsi, kata tauton synathroistheisa tōn angelōn kai tōn anthrōpōn hē physis parablēthēnai tę̄ sę̄ dynamei dynēsetai; asynkriton gar echeis to kratos. To de tis, anti tou oudeis tetheiken... Mē sigēsę̄s mēde katapraÿnę̄s, ho Theos.» Hiketeuomen se, Despota, mē chrēsasthai tę̄ synēthei makrothymią. To gar Mē katapraÿnę̄s touto dēloi. Houtō gar kai ho Symmachos hērmēneuse, Mē ēremēsę̄s. Eita didaskei tēs enteuxeōs tēn aitian. « Hoti idou hoi echthroi sou ēchēsan, kai hoi misountes se ēran kephalēn. » Dikēn, phēsi, thalattēs ēchousi, kai kymainousi, kath' hēmōn alazoneią kai thrasytēti kechrēmenoi, hoi dia tēn pros se dysmeneian ton kath' hēmōn anadexamenoi polemon. Pros se gar apechthanomenoi ton anakeimenon soi poliorkousi laon. « Epi ton laon sou katepanourgeusanto gnōmēn, kai epebouleusanto kata tōn hagiōn sou.» Ho de Symmachos houtōs ; anti tōn hagiōn sou, Kata tou apokryphou sou. Ho de Akylas ; Kata tou synkekrymmenou sou. Houtō kai ho Theodotiōn. Epeidē gar ex autōn emelle kata sarka blastēsein ho Despotēs Christos, synelēlythei de ta ethnē prorrhizon anaspasai tōn Ioudaiōn to genos boulomena, tautēn autous prosenenkein didaskei tēn deēsin to panagion Pneuma, hoti ou kath' hēmōn monon tę̄ panourgią kai tais epibolais kechrēntai, alla kai kata tou apokryphou sou, kai en hēmin apokekrymmenou, hon anthēsein ek tēs Iouda phylēs proēgoreuse. Tēs gar rhizēs ektemnomenēs, pothen ho karpos phyēsetai? Touto de kai dia Hēsaïou dedēlōken ho tōn holōn Theos. « Hon tropon, phēsin, hot' an heurethę̄ rhōx en tǭ botryï, kai erousi, Mē lymēnę̄; auton, hoti eulogia Kyriou estin en autǭ, houtō poiēsō heneken tou douleuontos moi; dia touton ou mē apolesō pantas, kai exaxō to ex Iakōb sperma, kai to ex Iouda, kai tote, phēsi, tous loipous panōlethrią paradōsō. › Dia tēn rhōga toinyn tēn mian hapas ho botrys kēdemonias apēlause, mallon de hapas ho ampelōn ; ekeinēs de lēphtheisēs, kai met' ekeinou" syllegentos tou allou karpou, ho loipos ampelōn paredothē thēriois, kai lymainetai auton his ek drymou, kai monios agrios katanemetai, kai pantes hoi paraporeuomenoi tēn hodon sympatousin hōs boulontai. Touto de kai entautha proseuchomenoi legousin, hoti, Ou kath' hēmōn monon, alla kai kata tou apokekrymmenou sou tolmōsi lyttąn. To gar, Aron, aron, staurōson, dēlous autous pepoiēke hōsanei kynōn dikēn lyttōntas. Toutois de symphōna kai ta epagomena.
"O God, who will be likened to you?" "Not even the whole nature of angels and men gathered together," he says, "could be compared with your power; for you have incomparable might." He put "who" for "no one." "Do not be silent, nor be still, O God." "We entreat you, Master, not to use your usual long-suffering"; for this is what "do not be still" shows; Symmachus so rendered it: "Do not be quiet." Then he teaches the reason for the petition: "For behold, your enemies have roared, and those who hate you have lifted up their head." "Like the sea," he says, "they roar and surge against us with arrogance and boldness, those who took up war against us because of their hatred of you. For hating you, they besiege the people dedicated to you." "Against your people they devised a crafty plan, and plotted against your holy ones." Symmachus has, instead of "your holy ones," "against your hidden one"; Aquila, "against your concealed one"; so too Theodotion. For since Christ the Lord was to spring from them according to the flesh, and the nations had come together wishing to tear the race of the Jews out by the root, the all-holy Spirit teaches them to offer this petition: "They use craft and schemes not only against us but against your hidden one, hidden in us, whom you foretold would blossom from the tribe of Judah. For if the root is cut out, from where will the fruit grow?" The God of all showed this through Isaiah too: "As," he says, "when a grape is found in the cluster and they say, 'Do not destroy it, for a blessing of the Lord is in it,' so I will do for the sake of the one who serves me; for his sake I will not destroy them all, and I will bring out the seed from Jacob and from Judah"; and then, he says, "I will give the rest over to utter destruction." So because of the one grape the whole cluster, or rather the whole vineyard, enjoyed care; but when it had been taken, and the other fruit gathered with it, the rest of the vineyard was given to the beasts, and the boar from the forest ravages it, and the solitary wild beast feeds on it, and all who pass along the road trample it as they please. This too they say here in prayer: "Not against us only, but also against your hidden one they dare to rage." For the cry "Away with him, away with him, crucify him" made them plain as raging like dogs. What follows agrees with this.
Ps 83:1 (82:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 83:2 (82:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 83:3 (82:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 65:8 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 65:9 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 80:13 (79:14 LXX) (allusion, high confidence) · John 19:15 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:1-3: the nations plotted against God's "hidden one," Christ, who was to come from Judah; like the blessed grape in Isaiah, he preserved the vine until he was taken, after which the vineyard was left to the beasts.
- "Your hidden one" follows Symmachus, Aquila, and Theodotion.
- The application to those who cried "Crucify him" is Theodoret's; translated as written. Verse numbers leaked into the text are removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Latin letters in a Greek word (OCR); stray letter (OCR); stray letters (OCR); verse number leaked into the text (OCR); word lost at the start of the quotation (OCR)): Ικετεύομέν το σε → Ἱκετεύομέν σε; τὴν αἰτίαν. γ. Ὅτι ἰδοὺ → τὴν αἰτίαν. « Ὅτι ἰδοὺ; πολιορκοῦσι λαόν. δε Ἐπὶ → πολιορκοῦσι λαόν. « Ἐπὶ; « τρόπον, φησὶν → « Ὃν τρόπον, φησὶν; ἐκείνης ὁ δὲ ληφθείσης → ἐκείνης δὲ ληφθείσης; καὶ ὁ λυμαίνεται → καὶ λυμαίνεται; Ἆpor, ἆρον → Ἆρον, ἆρον.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.2 (PG 80 80:1531; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.5PG 80 80:1533
Εἶπον, Δεῦτε καὶ ἐξολοθρεύσωμεν αὐτοὺς ἐξ ἔθνους · καὶ οὐ μὴ μνησθῇ τὸ ὄνομα Ἰσραὴλ ἔτι. » Πανωλεθρίαν ἡμῖν ἐπάγειν βούλονται, καὶ λήθῃ παραδοῦναι τὸν πολυθρύλλητον Ἰσραήλ. Εἶτα καταλέγει τοὺς ὁμόρους, ὑφ᾽ ὧν συγκληθέντες καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι συνῆλθον.
Eipon, Deute kai exolothreusōmen autous ex ethnous ; kai ou mē mnēsthę̄ to onoma Israēl eti. » Panōlethrian hēmin epagein boulontai, kai lēthę̄ paradounai ton polythryllēton Israēl. Eita katalegei tous homorous, hyph᾽ hōn synklēthentes kai hoi alloi synēlthon.
"They said, 'Come, and let us destroy them from being a nation, and let the name of Israel be remembered no more.'" "They wish to bring utter destruction on us and to consign the celebrated Israel to oblivion." Then he lists the neighbors, called together by whom the others too assembled.
Ps 83:4 (82:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:4: the nations sought to wipe Israel's name from memory.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.5 (PG 80 80:1533; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.6PG 80 80:1533
« Ὅτι ἐβουλεύσαντο ἐν ὁμονοίᾳ ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ, κατὰ σοῦ διαθήκην διέθεντο. » Οἱ δὲ τὸν κατὰ σοῦ πόλεμον συμφώνως ἀναδεξάμενοι, εἰσὶ· « Τὰ σκηνώματα τῶν Ἰδουμαίων, καὶ Ἱσμαηλῖται. » Ἰδουμαῖοι ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἠσαῦ τὸ γένος κατἤγον. ᾿Εδὼμ γὰρ ὁ Ἠσαῦ ὠνομάσθη· Ἰσμαηλίται δὲ, τοῦ Ἰσμαὴλ ἀπόγονοι. « Μωάβ, καὶ οἱ ᾿Αγαρηνοί. » Μωάβ τοῦ Λὼτ υἱὸς, ἔθνος δὲ καὶ ἐκ τούτου συνέστη Αγαρηνοί, ἄλλη φυλὴ τοῦ Ἰσμαὴλ, ἀπὸ τῆς ᾿Αγαρ ὠνομασμένη· μήτηρ δὲ αὕτη τοῦ Ισμαήλ.
« Hoti ebouleusanto en homonoią epi to auto, kata sou diathēkēn diethento. » Hoi de ton kata sou polemon symphōnōs anadexamenoi, eisi; « Ta skēnōmata tōn Idoumaiōn, kai Hismaēlitai. » Idoumaioi apo tou Ēsau to genos katēgon. ᾿Edōm gar ho Ēsau ōnomasthē; Ismaēlitai de, tou Ismaēl apogonoi. « Mōab, kai hoi ᾿Agarēnoi. » Mōab tou Lōt huios, ethnos de kai ek toutou synestē Agarēnoi, allē phylē tou Ismaēl, apo tēs ᾿Agar ōnomasmenē; mētēr de hautē tou Ismaēl.
"For they took counsel together with one mind; against you they made a covenant." Those who took up the war against you in agreement are: "The tents of the Idumeans and the Ishmaelites." The Idumeans traced their descent from Esau, for Esau was named Edom; the Ishmaelites are descendants of Ishmael. "Moab and the Hagarenes." Moab was Lot's son, and a nation arose from him; the Hagarenes are another tribe of Ishmael, named from Hagar, who was Ishmael's mother.
Ps 83:5 (82:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 83:6 (82:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 36:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 19:37 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 16:15 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:5-6: the allies against Israel were Edom, the Ishmaelites, Moab, and the Hagarenes.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (closing quotation lost (OCR); verse number leaked into the text (OCR)): εἰσὶ. ζι· « Τὰ σκηνώματα → εἰσὶ· « Τὰ σκηνώματα; καὶ Ἱσμαηλίται Ἰδουμαῖοι → καὶ Ἱσμαηλῖται. » Ἰδουμαῖοι.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.6 (PG 80 80:1533; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.8PG 80 80:1533
« Γεβάλ, καὶ Ἀμμὼν, καὶ ᾿Αμαλήκ. » Ὁ δὲ ᾿Αμαλήκ, ἔκγονος καὶ αὐτὸς τοῦ Ἠσαῦ· ἔθνος μέντοι καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου συνέστη· Ἀμμὼν τοῦ Λώτ υἱός· τμῆμα δὲ εἰσι καὶ οὗτοι τῆς ᾿Αραβίας · καὶ Γεβαληνοὶ δὲ τῆς Ἰδουμαίας περίοικοι. «Αλλόφυλοι μετὰ τῶν κατοικούντων Τύρον. • ᾿Αλλοφύλους οἱ ἄλλοι Φιλιστιαίους καλοῦσιν ἑρμηνευταί· οὓς ἡμεῖς ὀνομάζομεν Παλαιστινούς· οὗτοι γὰρ μόνοι καταλειφθέντες ἐκ τοῦ γένους τοῦ Χαναὰν, καὶ παρὰ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ οἰκοῦντες, εἰκότως ἀλλόφυλοι διαφέροντως ἐκλήθησαν. « Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ᾿Ασσούρ συμπαρεγένετο μετ' αὐτῶν. » Ασσύριοι κατ᾿ ἐκεῖνον οὐκ ἐβασίλευον τὸν καιρόν · αἰνίττεται τοίνυν ὁ λόγος τοὺς Σαμαρείτας, ἀποίκους Ασσυρίων ὄντας, μετὰ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν τῶν δέκα φυλῶν ἐν ταῖς ἐκείνων οἰκήσαντας πόλεσιν. · Ἐγενήθησαν εἰς ἀντίληψιν τοῖς υἱοῖς Λώτ. » Δηλοῖ δὲ ὁ λόγος, Μωαβίτας καὶ ᾿Αμμανίτας διαφερόντως κατὰ τοῦ λαοῦ θρασυνθέντας, καὶ τὰ λοιπά συναγείραντας ἔθνη.
« Gebal, kai Ammōn, kai ᾿Amalēk. » Ho de ᾿Amalēk, ekgonos kai autos tou Ēsau; ethnos mentoi kai apo toutou synestē; Ammōn tou Lōt huios; tmēma de eisi kai houtoi tēs ᾿Arabias ; kai Gebalēnoi de tēs Idoumaias perioikoi. «Allophyloi meta tōn katoikountōn Tyron. • ᾿Allophylous hoi alloi Philistiaious kalousin hermēneutai; hous hēmeis onomazomen Palaistinous; houtoi gar monoi kataleiphthentes ek tou genous tou Chanaan, kai para ton Israēl oikountes, eikotōs allophyloi diapherontōs eklēthēsan. « Kai gar kai ᾿Assour symparegeneto met' autōn. » Assyrioi kat᾿ ekeinon ouk ebasileuon ton kairon ; ainittetai toinyn ho logos tous Samareitas, apoikous Assyriōn ontas, meta tēn aichmalōsian tōn deka phylōn en tais ekeinōn oikēsantas polesin. ; Egenēthēsan eis antilēpsin tois huiois Lōt. » Dēloi de ho logos, Mōabitas kai ᾿Ammanitas diapherontōs kata tou laou thrasynthentas, kai ta loipa synageirantas ethnē.
"Gebal and Ammon and Amalek." Amalek too was a descendant of Esau, and a nation arose from him as well; Ammon was Lot's son; these too are a part of Arabia; and the Gebalenes live near Idumea. "Foreigners with those who dwell in Tyre." The other translators call the foreigners Philistines, whom we name Palestinians; for they alone were left of the race of Canaan, and living beside Israel they were rightly called foreigners especially. "For indeed Assur came with them." The Assyrians were not reigning at that time; so the word hints at the Samaritans, who were colonists from Assyria and settled in the cities of the ten tribes after their captivity. "They became a help to the sons of Lot." The word shows that the Moabites and Ammonites were especially bold against the people and gathered the other nations.
Ps 83:7 (82:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 83:8 (82:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 36:12 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 19:38 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Kgs 17:24 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:7-8: the coalition included Gebal, Ammon, Amalek, the Philistines, Tyre, and "Assur," meaning the Samaritan colonists, led by Moab and Ammon.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (verse number leaked into the text (OCR)): "Οτ' θ'. Καὶ γὰρ → « Καὶ γὰρ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.8 (PG 80 80:1533; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-8
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos-82-8) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.10PG 80 80:1535
« Ποίησον αὐτοῖς ὡς τῇ Μαδιὰμ καὶ τῷ Σισάρᾳ · ὡς τῷ Ἰαβὶν ἐν τῷ χειμάῤῥῳ Κισσῶν. Ἐξωλοθρεύθησαν ἐν ᾿Αενδώρ. » Τῶν προτέρων εὐεργεσιῶν μνημονεύουσιν εὐγνώμονες τὴν αὐτὴν αἰτοῦντες ἐπικουρίαν· τούτους μέν τοι τοὺς στρατηγοὺς Βαραὰκ καὶ ἡ προφῆτις Δεβόῤῥα κατέλυσεν. « Ἐγενήθησαν ὡσεὶ κόπρος τῇ γῇ. » ῎Ἄταφοι γὰρ διαμείναντες διελύθησαν, καὶ οἷόν τις κόπρος τῇ γῇ συνεμίγησαν.
« Poiēson autois hōs tę̄ Madiam kai tǭ Sisarą ; hōs tǭ Iabin en tǭ cheimarrhǭ Kissōn. Exōlothreuthēsan en ᾿Aendōr. » Tōn proterōn euergesiōn mnēmoneuousin eugnōmones tēn autēn aitountes epikourian; toutous men toi tous stratēgous Baraak kai hē prophētis Deborrha katelysen. « Egenēthēsan hōsei kopros tę̄ gę̄. » ᾿Ataphoi gar diameinantes dielythēsan, kai hoion tis kopros tę̄ gę̄ synemigēsan.
"Do to them as to Midian and to Sisera, as to Jabin at the brook Kishon. They were destroyed at Endor." Gratefully they recall former benefits, asking the same help. Barak and the prophetess Deborah destroyed these generals. "They became like dung for the earth." "For remaining unburied they decomposed and mingled with the earth like dung."
Ps 83:9 (82:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 83:10 (82:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Judg 4:15 (allusion, high confidence) · Judg 7:22 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:9-10: the people ask God to destroy their enemies as he did Midian, Sisera, and Jabin through Barak and Deborah.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.10 (PG 80 80:1535; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-10
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.12PG 80 80:1535
« Θοῦ τοὺς ἄρχοντας αὐτῶν ὡς τὸν Ὠρήβ, καὶ Ζήβ, καὶ Ζεβεὲ, καὶ Σαλμανᾶν. Πάντας τοὺς ἄρχοντας αὐτῶν. » Καὶ τούτων ἡ τῶν Κριτῶν ἱστορία μέμνηται· ἀνεῖλε δὲ αὐτοὺς Γεδεὼν ὑπὸ τῆς θείας χάριτος στρατηγούμενος. Τούτοις παραπλησίως, καὶ τοὺς σφετέρους πολεμίους ἀντιβολοῦσι καταλυθῆναι, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν διδάσκουσιν. « Οἵτινες εἶπον· Κληρονομήσωμεν, ἑαυτοῖς τὸ ἁγιαστήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ. » Νεανιεύονται γὰρ, καὶ θρασύνονται καὶ τοῦ ἀνακειμένου σοι κρατήσειν ναοῦ ῾Αγιαστήριον γὰρ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸν ναὸν προσηγόρευσεν. Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος τὸ ἁγιαστήριον δίαιταν εἴρηκεν. Ἐντεῦθεν δήλη γέγονε πᾶσα τοῦ ψαλμοῦ ἡ ὑπόθεσις. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐπανελθόντες ἀνῳκοδόμησαν τὸν νεὼν πᾶσα δὲ ἡ νομικὴ λατρεία διὰ τούτου ἐπετελεῖτο · τούτου γὰρ δίχα λατρεύειν οὐκ ἦν κατὰ νόμον· διὰ δὲ τὴν κατὰ νόμον πολιτείαν ἀπηχθάνοντο πρὸς Ἰουδαίους οἱ ἀστυγείτονες· κατὰ τοῦ ναοῦ πᾶσαν ἐποιήσαντο τὴν ὁρμὴν, ὥστε σὺν τούτῳ καὶ τὸ ἔθνος, καὶ τὴν κατὰ νόμον καταπαῦσαι λατρείαν.
« Thou tous archontas autōn hōs ton Ōrēb, kai Zēb, kai Zebee, kai Salmanan. Pantas tous archontas autōn. » Kai toutōn hē tōn Kritōn historia memnētai; aneile de autous Gedeōn hypo tēs theias charitos stratēgoumenos. Toutois paraplēsiōs, kai tous spheterous polemious antibolousi katalythēnai, kai tēn aitian didaskousin. « Hoitines eipon; Klēronomēsōmen, heautois to hagiastērion tou Theou. » Neanieuontai gar, kai thrasynontai kai tou anakeimenou soi kratēsein naou ῾Agiastērion gar tou Theou ton naon prosēgoreusen. Ho de Symmachos to hagiastērion diaitan eirēken. Enteuthen dēlē gegone pasa tou psalmou hē hypothesis. Epeidē gar epanelthontes anǭkodomēsan ton neōn pasa de hē nomikē latreia dia toutou epeteleito ; toutou gar dicha latreuein ouk ēn kata nomon; dia de tēn kata nomon politeian apēchthanonto pros Ioudaious hoi astygeitones; kata tou naou pasan epoiēsanto tēn hormēn, hōste syn toutǭ kai to ethnos, kai tēn kata nomon katapausai latreian.
"Make their rulers like Oreb and Zeeb and Zebah and Zalmunna, all their rulers." The history of the Judges mentions these too; Gideon killed them, led by divine grace. They beg that their own enemies be destroyed like these, and teach the reason: "Who said, 'Let us take the sanctuary of God as an inheritance for ourselves.'" "For they boast and are bold to seize the temple dedicated to you." He named the temple God's sanctuary; Symmachus called the sanctuary a "dwelling." From this the whole subject of the psalm has become plain. For when they returned, they rebuilt the temple, and all the worship of the law was carried out through it (for without it worship according to the law was not possible); and because of their way of life according to the law, the neighboring peoples hated the Jews; so they directed their whole attack against the temple, so as to put an end, together with it, to the nation and to the worship according to the law.
Ps 83:11 (82:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 83:12 (82:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Judg 7:25 (allusion, high confidence) · Judg 8:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:11-12: the people pray that the enemy chiefs fall like Oreb, Zeeb, Zebah, and Zalmunna before Gideon, since they sought to seize the rebuilt temple.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip; split word (OCR)): Ο? τινες εἶπον → « Οἵτινες εἶπον; προσηγόρευ( σεν → προσηγόρευσεν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.12 (PG 80 80:1535; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.14PG 80 80:1535
« Ὁ Θεός μου, θοῦ αὐτοὺς ὡς τροχόν » ᾿Αντὶ τοῦ, Ἐν συμφοραῖς αὐτοὺς παντοδαπαῖς περιστρέφεσθαι κέλευσον, καὶ κακοῖς ἐπαλλήλοις περίβαλλε. « Ὡς καλάμην κατὰ πρόσωπον ἀνέμου.» Σκέδασον αὐτοὺς δίκην καλάμης ὑπὸ ἀνέμου ῥιπιζομένης.
« Ho Theos mou, thou autous hōs trochon » ᾿Anti tou, En symphorais autous pantodapais peristrephesthai keleuson, kai kakois epallēlois periballe. « Hōs kalamēn kata prosōpon anemou.» Skedason autous dikēn kalamēs hypo anemou rhipizomenēs.
"My God, make them like a wheel." That is, "Command them to be whirled about in misfortunes of every kind, and surround them with evils one after another." "Like stubble before the wind." "Scatter them like stubble tossed by wind."
Ps 83:13 (82:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:13: the people ask God to whirl their enemies like a wheel and scatter them like stubble.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word with stray letter (OCR)): ῥιπιΟ ζομένης → ῥιπιζομένης.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.14 (PG 80 80:1535; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-14
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.15PG 80 80:1535
«Ὡς πῦρ, ὁ διαφλέξει δρυμὸν, ὡσεὶ φλὸξ ἣ κατακαύσει ὄρη, οὕτως καταδιώξεις αὐτοὺς ἐν τῇ καταιγίδι σου, καὶ ἐν τῇ ὀργῇ σοῦ ταράξεις αὐτούς.» Ἐν τοῖς δρυμοῖς αὐτομάτως ἐξάπτεται φλόξ, τῶν δένδρων ὑπὸ σφοδροτέρου πνεύματος κινουμένων, καὶ ἀλλήλοις συντριβομένων, καὶ τῇ τρίψει τὸ θάλπος ἐργαζομένων, καὶ κατὰ μικρὸν δι᾽ ἀλλήλων ἐξαπτομένων. Παραπλησίως τοίνυν καὶ τούτους ἱκετεύουσιν ὑπ᾿ ἀλλήλων ἀναλωθῆναι, καὶ ταῖς οἰκείαις ἐκδοθῆναι παρανομίαις, κατά τὴν προφητείαν τὴν λέγουσαν· « Πορεύεσθε τῷ φωτὶ τοῦ πυρὸς ὑμῶν, καὶ τῇ φλογί ᾗ ἐξεκαύσατε.,
«Hōs pyr, ho diaphlexei drymon, hōsei phlox hē katakausei orē, houtōs katadiōxeis autous en tę̄ kataigidi sou, kai en tę̄ orgę̄ sou taraxeis autous.» En tois drymois automatōs exaptetai phlox, tōn dendrōn hypo sphodroterou pneumatos kinoumenōn, kai allēlois syntribomenōn, kai tę̄ tripsei to thalpos ergazomenōn, kai kata mikron di᾽ allēlōn exaptomenōn. Paraplēsiōs toinyn kai toutous hiketeuousin hyp᾿ allēlōn analōthēnai, kai tais oikeiais ekdothēnai paranomiais, kata tēn prophēteian tēn legousan; « Poreuesthe tǭ phōti tou pyros hymōn, kai tę̄ phlogi hę̄ exekausate.,
"As fire that burns up a forest, as a flame that burns up mountains, so you will pursue them with your storm and trouble them in your anger." In forests a flame kindles of itself, when the trees are moved by a stronger wind, rub against one another, produce heat by the friction, and little by little set one another alight. In the same way they beg that these too be consumed by one another and given over to their own lawlessness, according to the prophecy that says, "Walk in the light of your fire and in the flame that you kindled."
Ps 83:14 (82:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 83:15 (82:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 50:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:14-15: like a forest fire kindled by the trees themselves, the enemies are to be destroyed by one another and their own lawlessness.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters and accent slips (OCR)): δρυμὸν δι ὡσεὶ φλοξ ἢ → δρυμὸν, ὡσεὶ φλὸξ ἣ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.15 (PG 80 80:1535; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-15
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.17PG 80 80:1537
« Πλήρωσον τὰ πρόσωπα αὐτῶν ἀτιμίας· καὶ ζητήσουσι τὸ ὄνομά σου, Κύριε. • Διαμαρτόντες γὰρ ὧν βούλονται, καὶ αἰσχύνης ἐμπλησθέντες, ἐπιγνώσονταί σου τὴν δύναμιν.
« Plērōson ta prosōpa autōn atimias; kai zētēsousi to onoma sou, Kyrie. • Diamartontes gar hōn boulontai, kai aischynēs emplēsthentes, epignōsontai sou tēn dynamin.
"Fill their faces with dishonor, and they will seek your name, O Lord." "For failing in what they wish and filled with shame, they will come to know your power."
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Ps 83:16 (82:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:16: shamed in defeat, the enemies will come to know God's power.
- The comment is unusually short (under 25 words); some lines may have been lost in the scan.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.17 (PG 80 80:1537; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-17
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
82.18PG 80 80:1537
« Αἰσχυνθήτωσαν, καὶ ταραχθήτωσαν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος· καὶ ἐντραπήτωσαν, καὶ ἀπολέσθωσαν. Καὶ γνώτωσαν ὅτι ὄνομά σοι Κύριος σὺ μόνος Ὕψιστος ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν. » ᾿Αγαθὰ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς αἰτοῦσι καὶ πολεμούμενοι. Ἱκετεύουσι γὰρ αὐτοὺς, ἀντὶ μὲν τῆς θρασύτητος αἰσχύνῃ περιβληθῆναι · διὰ δὲ τῆς αἰσχύνης καρπώσασθαι τὴν θείαν ἐπίγνωσιν· καὶ τῆς μὲν τῶν εἰδώλων πλάνης ἀπαλλαγῆναι, μαθεῖν δὲ τῇ πείρᾳ, ὡς αὐτός ἐστι μόνος καὶ Θεὸς καὶ Δεσπότης, ἐν ὑψηλοῖς κατοικῶν, καὶ τὰ ταπεινὰ ἐφορῶν, καὶ πᾶσαν κυβερνῶν καὶ πρυτανεύων τὴν κτίσιν, [ἧς τὴν σωτηρίαν ἐπραγματεύσατο ὁ ἐκ Θεοῦ Θεὸς, ὁ μονογενής Υἱὸς μετὰ τὴν ἀκατάληπτον αὐτοῦ ἐνανθρώπησιν. ]
« Aischynthētōsan, kai tarachthētōsan eis ton aiōna tou aiōnos; kai entrapētōsan, kai apolesthōsan. Kai gnōtōsan hoti onoma soi Kyrios sy monos Hypsistos epi pasan tēn gēn. » ᾿Agatha tois echthrois aitousi kai polemoumenoi. Hiketeuousi gar autous, anti men tēs thrasytētos aischynę̄ periblēthēnai ; dia de tēs aischynēs karpōsasthai tēn theian epignōsin; kai tēs men tōn eidōlōn planēs apallagēnai, mathein de tę̄ peirą, hōs autos esti monos kai Theos kai Despotēs, en hypsēlois katoikōn, kai ta tapeina ephorōn, kai pasan kybernōn kai prytaneuōn tēn ktisin, [hēs tēn sōtērian epragmateusato ho ek Theou Theos, ho monogenēs Huios meta tēn akatalēpton autou enanthrōpēsin. ]
"Let them be put to shame and troubled forever and ever; let them be confounded and perish. And let them know that your name is Lord; you alone are Most High over all the earth." They pray good things for their enemies, even while under attack. For they beg that instead of boldness they be clothed with shame, and through shame reap the knowledge of God; that they be freed from the error of idols and learn by experience that he alone is both God and Master, dwelling on high and watching the lowly, steering and governing all creation, [whose salvation God from God, the only-begotten Son, achieved after his incomprehensible incarnation.]
Ps 83:17 (82:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 83:18 (82:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 83:17-18: the people pray that their enemies' shame lead them to know the one true God.
- The final clause is bracketed in Migne (opening bracket supplied), probably an addition from the catena.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip; OCR letter slip; opening bracket lost; joined words (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): σὺ μόνοςὝψιστος → σὺ μόνος Ὕψιστος; τοῖς ἐχθροῖς αὐτοῦσι καὶ πολεμούμενοι → τοῖς ἐχθροῖς αἰτοῦσι καὶ πολεμούμενοι; αἰσχύνῃ σε περιβληθῆναι → αἰσχύνῃ περιβληθῆναι; τῆς αἰσχύνης σε καρπώσασθαι → τῆς αἰσχύνης καρπώσασθαι; αὐτός ἐστι δε μόνος → αὐτός ἐστι μόνος; τὴν ἀτίσιν, ἧς τὴν → τὴν κτίσιν, [ἧς τὴν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 82.18 (PG 80 80:1537; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/82-18
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 83
83.1PG 80 80:1537
« Ὑπὲρ τῶν ληνῶν, τοῖς υἱοῖς Κορέ. Διπλῆ τοῦ ψαλμοῦ ἡ προφητεία. Προαγορεύει γὰρ οὐ μόνον τὴν Ἰουδαίων ἀνάκλησιν ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς οἰκουμένης ἁπάσης τὴν σωτηρίαν. Ληνοὺς δὲ, ὡς καὶ ἤδη προειρήκαμεν, τὰς Ἐκκλησίας καλεῖ. Ἐν ταύταις γὰρ καὶ ὁ πνευματικὸς ἀμπελὼν τὸν οἰκεῖον προσφέρει καρπὸν, καὶ τὸν σωτήριον κατασκευάζομεν οἶνον, τὸν ἀληθῶς εὐφραίνοντα τῶν πεπιστευκότων τὰς καρδίας.
« Hyper tōn lēnōn, tois huiois Kore. Diplē tou psalmou hē prophēteia. Proagoreuei gar ou monon tēn Ioudaiōn anaklēsin alla kai tēs oikoumenēs hapasēs tēn sōtērian. Lēnous de, hōs kai ēdē proeirēkamen, tas Ekklēsias kalei. En tautais gar kai ho pneumatikos ampelōn ton oikeion prospherei karpon, kai ton sōtērion kataskeuazomen oinon, ton alēthōs euphrainonta tōn pepisteukotōn tas kardias.
"For the winepresses; for the sons of Korah." The prophecy of the psalm is twofold; for it foretells not only the recall of the Jews but also the salvation of the whole world. As we have already said, he calls the churches winepresses; for in them the spiritual vineyard offers its fruit, and we prepare the saving wine that truly gladdens the hearts of believers.
Ps 84:1 (83:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84, title: the psalm foretells both the Jews' return and the world's salvation; the winepresses are the churches.
Topics: Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.1 (PG 80 80:1537; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.2PG 80 80:1537
« Ὡς ἀγαπητὰ τὰ σκηνώματά σου, Κύριε τῶν δυνάμεων. Ἐπιποθεῖ, καὶ ἐκλείπει ἡ ψυχή μου εἰς τὰς αὐλὰς τοῦ Κυρίου. » Ταῦτα καὶ οἱ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι διάγοντες ἐδιδάχθησαν λέγειν, ἵνα ποθήσωσι τὴν ἐπάνοδον, καὶ τῆς κατὰ νόμον ὀρεχθῶσιν λατρείας. Καὶ μέντοι καὶ ἡμεῖς, οἱ τῆς σωτηρίας τετυχηκότες, καὶ ἐκ τῶν θείων σηκῶν τὴν ὠφέλειαν καρπούμενοι. Διαφερόντως δὲ ἡμῖν ἡ προφητεία προσήκει. Πολλὰ γὰρ ἔσεσθαι προλέγει σκηνώματα, καὶ πολλὰς ὀνομάζει ληνοὺς, καὶ θυσιαστηρίων ὡσαύτως μνημονεύει πολλῶν. Ἰουδαῖοι δὲ ἕνα εἶχον νεῶν, καὶ ἓν ὁμοίως θυσιαστήριον. Ἑκάστη μὲν τῶν εἰρημένων λέξις εἰς ἔρωτα θεῖον πυρσεύει τὴν γνώμην. Ἀγαπητὰ μὲν γὰρ λέγει, καὶ ἀξιέραστα τοῦ Θεοῦ τὰ σκηνώματα, οὐχ ἁπλῶς δὲ ποθεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐκλείπειν εἰς τὰς αὐλὰς τοῦ Κυρίου. Σύμφωνα δὲ τούτοις καὶ τὰ μετὰ ταῦτα. « Ἡ καρδία μου καὶ ἡ σάρξ μου ἡγαλλιάσαντο ἐπὶ Θεὸν ζῶντα. » Οὐχ ἡ ψυχὴ δὲ μόνη γάννυται, καὶ ἀγάλλεται, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ σῶμα κεκοινώνηκε τῆς θυμηδίας, δεξάμενον τὴν ἐλπίδα τῆς ἀναστάσεως. Τοῦτο γὰρ ὁ λόγος αἰνίττεται. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ζῶντα τὸν Θεὸν προσηγόρευσεν, ὡς ζωῆς ὑπάρχοντα χορηγόν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ καὶ οἱ Βαβυλωνίων θεοὶ, καὶ μὲν δὴ καὶ οἱ τῶν ἡμετέρων προγόνων, καὶ ἄψυχοι ἦσαν καὶ ἀναίσθητοι παντελῶς, μάλα εἰκότως οἱ ἐκείνων ἀπαλλαγέντες ζῶντα τὸν ἀληθῆ Θεὸν ὀνομάζουσιν. [ Αὐτοῦ γάρ ἐστι φωνή • « Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ζωὴ καὶ ἡ ἀνάστασις· καὶ ὁ τρώγων με ζήσεται ἐν ἐμοί. »]
« Hōs agapēta ta skēnōmata sou, Kyrie tōn dynameōn. Epipothei, kai ekleipei hē psychē mou eis tas aulas tou Kyriou. » Tauta kai hoi en Babylōni diagontes edidachthēsan legein, hina pothēsōsi tēn epanodon, kai tēs kata nomon orechthōsin latreias. Kai mentoi kai hēmeis, hoi tēs sōtērias tetychēkotes, kai ek tōn theiōn sēkōn tēn ōpheleian karpoumenoi. Diapherontōs de hēmin hē prophēteia prosēkei. Polla gar esesthai prolegei skēnōmata, kai pollas onomazei lēnous, kai thysiastēriōn hōsautōs mnēmoneuei pollōn. Ioudaioi de hena eichon neōn, kai hen homoiōs thysiastērion. Hekastē men tōn eirēmenōn lexis eis erōta theion pyrseuei tēn gnōmēn. Agapēta men gar legei, kai axierasta tou Theou ta skēnōmata, ouch haplōs de pothein, alla kai ekleipein eis tas aulas tou Kyriou. Symphōna de toutois kai ta meta tauta. « Hē kardia mou kai hē sarx mou hēgalliasanto epi Theon zōnta. » Ouch hē psychē de monē gannytai, kai agalletai, alla kai to sōma kekoinōnēke tēs thymēdias, dexamenon tēn elpida tēs anastaseōs. Touto gar ho logos ainittetai. Dia touto kai zōnta ton Theon prosēgoreusen, hōs zōēs hyparchonta chorēgon. Epeidē gar kai hoi Babylōniōn theoi, kai men dē kai hoi tōn hēmeterōn progonōn, kai apsychoi ēsan kai anaisthētoi pantelōs, mala eikotōs hoi ekeinōn apallagentes zōnta ton alēthē Theon onomazousin. [ Autou gar esti phōnē • « Egō eimi hē zōē kai hē anastasis; kai ho trōgōn me zēsetai en emoi. »]
"How lovely are your dwellings, Lord of hosts. My soul longs and faints for the courts of the Lord." Those living in Babylon were taught to say this, so that they might long for the return and yearn for the worship of the law; and we too, who have obtained salvation and reap benefit from the divine sanctuaries. But the prophecy belongs to us especially. For it foretells many dwellings, names many winepresses, and likewise mentions many altars; but the Jews had one temple and likewise one altar. Each of the words said fires the mind to divine love. For it says that God's dwellings are lovely and worth loving, and that it not merely longs but faints for the courts of the Lord. What follows agrees with this: "My heart and my flesh rejoiced in the living God." "Not the soul alone rejoices and exults; the body too shares in the gladness, having received the hope of the resurrection." For the word hints at this. For this reason he called God "living," as the giver of life. For since the gods of the Babylonians, and indeed those of our forefathers, were lifeless and wholly without sense, those freed from them very rightly name the true God "living." [For his is the saying, "I am the life and the resurrection; and he who eats me will live in me."]
Ps 84:1 (83:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 84:2 (83:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · John 11:25 (quotation, high confidence) · John 6:57 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:1-2: the longing for God's dwellings fits the exiles and above all the church, with its many altars; soul and body rejoice in the living God, who gives the hope of resurrection.
- The bracketed sentence is bracketed in Migne, probably an addition from the catena; it combines John 11:25 and John 6:57.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray letter (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): τετυχηκότες το, καὶ → τετυχηκότες, καὶ; καρπού μενοι → καρπούμενοι; ἡμῖν το ή προφητεία → ἡμῖν ἡ προφητεία; Ἀγαπητὰ μὲν γὰρ τε λέγει → Ἀγαπητὰ μὲν γὰρ λέγει; μόνη τ γάννυται → μόνη γάννυται.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.2 (PG 80 80:1537; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.4PG 80 80:1539
• Καὶ γὰρ στρουθίον εὗρεν ἑαυτῷ οἰκίαν, καὶ τρυγών νοσσιὰν ἑαυτῇ, οὗ θήσει τὰ νοσσία ἑαυτῆς. » Ὁ δὲ Ακύλας οὕτω· Καί γε ὄρνεον εὖρεν ἑαυτῷ οἶκον, καὶ στρουθίον νοσσιὰν αὐτῷ, οὗ ἔθετο νεοσσοὺς αὐτοῦ. Καθάπερ γὰρ στρουθία καὶ τρυγόνες, καὶ μὲν δὴ καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι ὄρνιθες, πλανῶνται μὲν οὐκ ἔχοντες καλιάν, πηξάμενοι δὲ ταύτην ἐν αὐτῇ διατρίβειν εἰώθασι, καὶ τοὺς οἰκείους ἑαυτῶν τρέφουσι νεοττούς · οὕτως ἡμεῖς πάλαι μὲν ἐπλανώμεθα, νῦν δὲ ὑπὸ τῆς σῆς χάριτος προκληθέντες, καὶ τὰς σὰς εὑρόντες σκηνὰς, παρὰ τὰ θυσιαστήριά σου τοὺς οἰκείους ἐκπαιδεύομεν νεοττοὺς, μετὰ τῶν ἡμετέρων σοι προσεδρεύοντες παίδων, καὶ τὴν πνευματικὴν τροφὴν παρὰ σοῦ κομιζόμενοι. « Τὰ θυσιαστήριά σου, Κύριε τῶν δυνάμεων, ὁ Βασιλεύς μου, καὶ ὁ Θεός μου. » Ἡμῶν γὰρ καλιὰ, καὶ νοττιὰ, καὶ ἀπόλαυσις ἀγαθῶν, τὰ ἄγιά σου θυσιαστήρια. Παρ' ἐκεῖνα γὰρ, καθάπερ νεοττοὶ κεχηνότες, παρὰ σοῦ κομιζόμεθα τὴν θείαν τροφὴν καὶ σωτήριον.
• Kai gar strouthion heuren heautǭ oikian, kai trygōn nossian heautę̄, hou thēsei ta nossia heautēs. » Ho de Akylas houtō; Kai ge orneon euren heautǭ oikon, kai strouthion nossian autǭ, hou etheto neossous autou. Kathaper gar strouthia kai trygones, kai men dē kai hoi alloi ornithes, planōntai men ouk echontes kalian, pēxamenoi de tautēn en autę̄ diatribein eiōthasi, kai tous oikeious heautōn trephousi neottous ; houtōs hēmeis palai men eplanōmetha, nyn de hypo tēs sēs charitos proklēthentes, kai tas sas heurontes skēnas, para ta thysiastēria sou tous oikeious ekpaideuomen neottous, meta tōn hēmeterōn soi prosedreuontes paidōn, kai tēn pneumatikēn trophēn para sou komizomenoi. « Ta thysiastēria sou, Kyrie tōn dynameōn, ho Basileus mou, kai ho Theos mou. » Hēmōn gar kalia, kai nottia, kai apolausis agathōn, ta agia sou thysiastēria. Par' ekeina gar, kathaper neottoi kechēnotes, para sou komizometha tēn theian trophēn kai sōtērion.
"For indeed the sparrow has found itself a house, and the turtledove a nest for herself, where she will lay her young." Aquila has: "Indeed the bird has found itself a house, and the sparrow a nest for itself, where it laid its young." "For as sparrows and turtledoves, and indeed the other birds, wander when they have no nest, but once they have built one usually stay in it and rear their own nestlings, so we once wandered; but now, called by your grace and having found your dwellings, we bring up our own nestlings beside your altars, attending on you with our children and receiving spiritual food from you." "Your altars, Lord of hosts, my King and my God." "For your holy altars are our nest and resting place and enjoyment of good things. For beside them, like nestlings with open mouths, we receive from you the divine and saving food."
Ps 84:3 (83:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:3: like birds that find a nest, believers have found God's altars, where they and their children receive spiritual food.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (joined words (OCR); split word (OCR)): Καθάπερ γάρστρουθία → Καθάπερ γὰρ στρουθία; τοὺς οἱ · κείους → τοὺς οἰκείους; μετὰτῶν → μετὰ τῶν.
Topics: Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.4 (PG 80 80:1539; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.5PG 80 80:1539
« Μακάριοι πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ σου εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων αἰνἐσουσί σε. » Τούτων δὲ ἕκαστον τυπικῶς μὲν τοῖς ἐν Βαβυλῶνι συμβαίνει· ἡμῖν δὲ προσήκει κατ᾿ αὐτὴν τὴν ἀλήθειαν. Καὶ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι πόῤῥω ὄντες τοῦ θείου νεὼ, μακαρίζουσι τοὺς τῆς ἐκεῖθεν ἀπολαύοντας προμηθείας · καὶ ἡμεῖς γευσάμενοι τῆς θείας γλυκύτητος, ζηλωτοὺς ἀποκαλοῦμεν τοὺς διηνεκῶς τῷ Θεῷ προσεδρεύοντας, καὶ τοῖς θείοις ἀγαθοῖς ἐντρυφῶντας.
« Makarioi pantes hoi katoikountes en tǭ oikǭ sou eis tous aiōnas tōn aiōnōn ainesousi se. » Toutōn de hekaston typikōs men tois en Babylōni symbainei; hēmin de prosēkei kat᾿ autēn tēn alētheian. Kai gar ekeinoi porrhō ontes tou theiou neō, makarizousi tous tēs ekeithen apolauontas promētheias ; kai hēmeis geusamenoi tēs theias glykytētos, zēlōtous apokaloumen tous diēnekōs tǭ Theǭ prosedreuontas, kai tois theiois agathois entryphōntas.
"Blessed are all who dwell in your house; forever and ever they will praise you." Each of these fits those in Babylon as a type, but belongs to us in very truth. For those, being far from the divine temple, call blessed those who enjoy the providence that comes from there; and we, having tasted the divine sweetness, call enviable those who constantly attend on God and delight in the divine good things.
Ps 84:4 (83:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:4: blessed are those who dwell in God's house, a type for the exiles and a reality for Christians.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.5 (PG 80 80:1539; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.6PG 80 80:1541
« Μακάριος ἀνὴρ οὗ ἐστιν ἀντίληψις αὐτῷ παρά σου, ἀναβάσεις ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ . » Μακαρίζει ὁ λόγος τὸν τῆς θείας ἀεὶ κηδεμονίας τυγχάνοντα , καὶ τῇ θείᾳ χάριτι τὸν νοῦν φωτιζόμενον, καὶ ἀεὶ τοὺς εὐσεβεῖς ἐν αὐτῷ στρέφοντα λογισμούς. Θεοῦ γὰρ ἀναβάσεις εἰς καρδίαν γινομένας, τοὺς εὐσεβεῖς περὶ Θεοῦ λογισμοὺς ὁ προφητικὸς ὠνόμασε λόγος.
« Makarios anēr hou estin antilēpsis autǭ para sou, anabaseis en tę̄ kardią autou . » Makarizei ho logos ton tēs theias aei kēdemonias tynchanonta , kai tę̄ theią chariti ton noun phōtizomenon, kai aei tous eusebeis en autǭ strephonta logismous. Theou gar anabaseis eis kardian ginomenas, tous eusebeis peri Theou logismous ho prophētikos ōnomase logos.
"Blessed is the man whose help is from you; ascents are in his heart." The word calls blessed the one who always obtains divine care, whose mind is enlightened by divine grace, and who always turns pious thoughts within himself. For the prophetic word named the pious thoughts about God "ascents to God in the heart."
Ps 84:5 (83:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:5: blessed is the one helped by God, whose heart rises to him in pious thoughts.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): προφητικός ὠνόμασε λόγος δ. → προφητικὸς ὠνόμασε λόγος..
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.6 (PG 80 80:1541; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.7PG 80 80:1541
Διέθετο· εἰς τὴν κοιλάδα τοῦ κλαυθμῶνος, εἰς τόπον ὃν ἔθετο. Καὶ γὰρ εὐλογίας δώσει ὁ νομοθετῶν. › Ὁ γὰρ τὰς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀναβάσεις ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ δεχόμενος, καὶ τοῦ νομοθέτου τὰς εὐλογίας μεμαθηκώς, οὐκ εἰς γέλωτα ἑαυτὸν ἐκδίδωσι καὶ τρυφὴν, ἀλλὰ εἰς κλαυθμὸν καὶ δάκρυα, τῆς ἐντεῦθεν ἀπαλλαγῆς ἐφιέμενος. Ἤκουσε γὰρ τοῦ Θεοῦ λέγοντος · « Μακάριοι οἱ πενθοῦντες, ὅτι αὐτοὶ παρακληθήσονται • καὶ « Μακάριοι οἱ κλαίοντες, ὅτι αὐτοὶ γελάσονται. » Ταύτας τοίνυν τὰς συνθήκας ποιησάμενος, προσμένει τοῦ νομοθέτου τὴν εὐλογίαν. Κοιλὰς δὲ κλαυθμώνος τυπικῶς μὲν ὁ τόπος, ἐν ᾧ φανεὶς ἄγγελος, τὴν τοῦ λαοῦ παρανομίαν διήλεγξε, καὶ εἰς κλαυθμὸν τὸ πλῆθος ἐκίνησεν. Οὕτω γὰρ ἐκεῖνο τὸ χωρίον ἐξ ἐκείνου προσηγορεύθη. Κυρίως δὲ καὶ ἀληθῶς κλαυθμῶνος κοιλὰς ὁ παρὼν βίος, ἐν ᾧ καὶ ὁ ᾿Ἀδὰμ ἐν ἱδρῶτι τοῦ προσώπου ἐσθίει τὸν ἄρτον , καὶ ἡ Εὖα ἐν λύπαις τίκτει τέκνα · καὶ οὐ μόνον οἱ ἁμαρτάνοντες, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ ἅγιοι στένουσι, καὶ ὁ μὲν, φησὶν, ἕως θανάτου λυπεῖται, ὁ δὲ βοᾷ, « Λάβε τὴν ψυχήν μου, καὶ ὅτι καλόν μοι τὸ ἀποθανεῖν, ἢ ζῇν με.» Καὶ ὁ μέγας δὲ κῆρυξ τῆς ἀληθείας φησί, • Καὶ ἡμεῖς τὴν ἀπαρχὴν τοῦ Πνεύματος ἔχοντες ἐν αὐτοῖς στενάζομεν. » Οὕτως ἔστιν ἰδεῖν καὶ τοὺς ἀγωνιζομένους ἁγίους δάκρυσιν ἐνδελεχῶς κεχρημένους, καὶ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν εὐφροσύνην κομιζομένους. Ἐν ταύτῃ τοίνυν τῇ κοιλάδι τοῦ κλαυθμῶνος οἱ τὰς ἀναβάσεις δεξάμενοι, καὶ τὰ δάκρυα τοῦ νομοθέτου τὴν εὐλογίαν προσμένουσιν.
Dietheto; eis tēn koilada tou klauthmōnos, eis topon hon etheto. Kai gar eulogias dōsei ho nomothetōn. › Ho gar tas tou Theou anabaseis en tę̄ kardią dechomenos, kai tou nomothetou tas eulogias memathēkōs, ouk eis gelōta heauton ekdidōsi kai tryphēn, alla eis klauthmon kai dakrya, tēs enteuthen apallagēs ephiemenos. Ēkouse gar tou Theou legontos ; « Makarioi hoi penthountes, hoti autoi paraklēthēsontai • kai « Makarioi hoi klaiontes, hoti autoi gelasontai. » Tautas toinyn tas synthēkas poiēsamenos, prosmenei tou nomothetou tēn eulogian. Koilas de klauthmōnos typikōs men ho topos, en hǭ phaneis angelos, tēn tou laou paranomian diēlenxe, kai eis klauthmon to plēthos ekinēsen. Houtō gar ekeino to chōrion ex ekeinou prosēgoreuthē. Kyriōs de kai alēthōs klauthmōnos koilas ho parōn bios, en hǭ kai ho ᾿Adam en hidrōti tou prosōpou esthiei ton arton , kai hē Eua en lypais tiktei tekna ; kai ou monon hoi hamartanontes, alla kai hoi hagioi stenousi, kai ho men, phēsin, heōs thanatou lypeitai, ho de boą, « Labe tēn psychēn mou, kai hoti kalon moi to apothanein, ē zę̄n me.» Kai ho megas de kēryx tēs alētheias phēsi, • Kai hēmeis tēn aparchēn tou Pneumatos echontes en autois stenazomen. » Houtōs estin idein kai tous agōnizomenous hagious dakrysin endelechōs kechrēmenous, kai tēn enteuthen euphrosynēn komizomenous. En tautę̄ toinyn tę̄ koiladi tou klauthmōnos hoi tas anabaseis dexamenoi, kai ta dakrya tou nomothetou tēn eulogian prosmenousin.
"He set them in the valley of weeping, in the place he appointed. For indeed the lawgiver will give blessings." "For the one who receives ascents to God in his heart and has learned the blessings of the lawgiver does not give himself to laughter and luxury, but to weeping and tears, longing for release from here." For he heard God say, "Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted," and, "Blessed are those who weep, for they will laugh." Having made this agreement, then, he waits for the lawgiver's blessing. The valley of weeping is, as a type, the place where an angel appeared, exposed the people's lawlessness, and moved the multitude to weeping; for that place was named from this. But properly and truly the valley of weeping is the present life, in which Adam eats his bread in the sweat of his face, and Eve bears children in sorrows; and not only sinners but the saints too groan: one, it says, is sorrowful unto death; another cries, "Take my life, for it is better for me to die than to live." And the great herald of truth says, "And we who have the firstfruits of the Spirit groan within ourselves." So one can see the saints who struggle constantly using tears and receiving the gladness that comes from them. In this valley of weeping, then, those who have received the ascents and the tears await the lawgiver's blessing.
Ps 84:6 (83:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:4 (quotation, high confidence) · Luke 6:21 (quotation, high confidence) · Judg 2:5 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 3:19 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 3:16 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 26:38 (allusion, high confidence) · Jonah 4:3 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 8:23 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:6: the valley of weeping, typically Bochim, is truly this present life, where even the saints mourn and await God's blessing.
- The place where the angel rebuked the people is Bochim ("weepers," Judg 2:1-5). "Is sorrowful unto death" refers to Christ (Matt 26:38); the cry "Take my life" is Jonah's (Jonah 4:3; compare Elijah, 1 Kgs 19:4).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark (OCR); word order disturbed (OCR)): ὃν ἔθετο". Καὶ γὰρ → ὃν ἔθετο. Καὶ γὰρ; Ὁ γὰρ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁ τὰς ἀναβάσεις → Ὁ γὰρ τὰς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀναβάσεις.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.7 (PG 80 80:1541; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.8PG 80 80:1541
« Πορεύσονται ἐκ δυνάμεως εἰς δύναμιν. » Αὔξουσι γὰρ ὁσημέραι τὴν ἰσχὺν, καὶ τῇ προσθήκῃ τῆς ἀρετῆς πολλὴν ἐπικτῶνται ῥώμην. Οὕτως οἱ τὸν ἀσκητικὸν ἀσπαζόμενοι βίον, ἀπὸ προσευχῆς εἰς ὑμνῳδίαν βαδίζουσιν ἀπὸ τῆς ὑμνῳδίας ἐπὶ τὴν προχέουσι, καὶ τὸν ἐπίπονον ἀσπάζονται βίον, καὶ ἱκετείαν· ἐξ ἐκείνης ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν θείων λογίων ἀνάγνωσιν· ἐντεῦθεν ἐπὶ τῶν ἀτελεστέρων παραίνεσίν τε καὶ συμβουλὴν, καὶ ἀπὸ δυνάμεως εἰς δύναμιν μεταβαίνοντες καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν τὸν οἰκεῖον αὔξουσι πλοῦτον. « Ὁφθήσεται ὁ Θεὸς τῶν θεῶν ἐν Σιών. » Ταύτην δὲ, φησὶ, τῶν πραγμάτων εἰργάσατο τὴν μεταβολὴν ἐνανθρωπήσας ὁ Θεὸς Λόγος, καὶ διὰ σαρκὸς τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἐπιφανεὶς, καὶ πρῶτον ἐν τῇ Σιὼν τὴν οἰκείαν ποιησάμενος ἐπιφάνειαν.
« Poreusontai ek dynameōs eis dynamin. » Auxousi gar hosēmerai tēn ischyn, kai tę̄ prosthēkę̄ tēs aretēs pollēn epiktōntai rhōmēn. Houtōs hoi ton askētikon aspazomenoi bion, apo proseuchēs eis hymnǭdian badizousin apo tēs hymnǭdias epi tēn procheousi, kai ton epiponon aspazontai bion, kai hiketeian; ex ekeinēs epi tēn tōn theiōn logiōn anagnōsin; enteuthen epi tōn atelesterōn parainesin te kai symboulēn, kai apo dynameōs eis dynamin metabainontes kath' hekastēn hēmeran ton oikeion auxousi plouton. « Hophthēsetai ho Theos tōn theōn en Siōn. » Tautēn de, phēsi, tōn pragmatōn eirgasato tēn metabolēn enanthrōpēsas ho Theos Logos, kai dia sarkos tois anthrōpois epiphaneis, kai prōton en tę̄ Siōn tēn oikeian poiēsamenos epiphaneian.
"They will go from strength to strength." For they increase their strength day by day and acquire much vigor by the addition of virtue. So those who embrace the ascetic life go from prayer to hymnody, from hymnody to supplication, from that to the reading of the divine oracles, from there to exhortation and counsel of the less perfect; and passing from strength to strength they increase their wealth each day. "The God of gods will be seen in Zion." "God the Word," he says, "made this change of affairs by becoming man, appearing to men through flesh, and making his appearance first in Zion."
Ps 84:7 (83:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:7: the godly, like ascetics, go from strength to strength; God the Word appeared first in Zion.
- A clause garbled in the OCR ("they pour out, and embrace the toilsome life") is omitted from the list of the ascetics' exercises; the sense is plain without it.
Topics: Christology, Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.8 (PG 80 80:1541; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.9PG 80 80:1543
« Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δυνάμεων, εἰσάκουσον τῆς προσευχῆς μου ἐνώτισαι, ὁ Θεὸς Ἰακώβ. Ὑπερασπιστὰ ἡμῶν, ἴδε, ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ ἐπίβλεψον εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ Χριστοῦ σου. » Ταῦτα ὁ προφήτης ἐπεύχεται, πόῤῥωθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων τὴν σωτηρίαν ἰδὼν, καὶ ἀντιβολῶν τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν, τὴν ἱκετείαν δεξάμενον, ἀεὶ τῆς οἰκείας κηδεμονίας τὸν σεσωσμένον ἀξιῶσαι λαόν. Τοῦτον γὰρ ἐπεκάλεσε πρόσωπον τοῦ Χριστοῦ · οὕτω γὰρ αὐτὸν καὶ ὁ θεῖος ᾿Απόστολος προσηγόρευσεν. « Ὑμεῖς γὰρ ἐστὲ σῶμα Χριστοῦ, καὶ μέλη ἐκ μέλους. » Καὶ πάλιν, • Οὐ δύναται ὀφθαλμὸς εἰπεῖν τῇ χειρὶ, Χρείαν σου οὐκ ἔχω· ἢ πάλιν ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῖς ποσὶ, Χρείαν ἡμῶν οὐκ ἔχω. ›
« Kyrie ho Theos tōn dynameōn, eisakouson tēs proseuchēs mou enōtisai, ho Theos Iakōb. Hyperaspista hēmōn, ide, ho Theos, kai epiblepson eis to prosōpon tou Christou sou. » Tauta ho prophētēs epeuchetai, porrhōthen tōn anthrōpōn tēn sōtērian idōn, kai antibolōn ton tōn holōn Theon, tēn hiketeian dexamenon, aei tēs oikeias kēdemonias ton sesōsmenon axiōsai laon. Touton gar epekalese prosōpon tou Christou ; houtō gar auton kai ho theios ᾿Apostolos prosēgoreusen. « Hymeis gar este sōma Christou, kai melē ek melous. » Kai palin, • Ou dynatai ophthalmos eipein tę̄ cheiri, Chreian sou ouk echō; ē palin hē kephalē tois posi, Chreian hēmōn ouk echō. ›
"Lord God of hosts, hear my prayer; give ear, O God of Jacob. O God our protector, behold, and look upon the face of your Christ." The prophet prays this, seeing from afar the salvation of men, and begging the God of all, having accepted the supplication, always to count the saved people worthy of his care. For he called this people the face of Christ; so too the divine apostle named it: "For you are the body of Christ and members in part"; and again, "The eye cannot say to the hand, 'I have no need of you,' nor again the head to the feet, 'I have no need of you.'"
Ps 84:8 (83:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 84:9 (83:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 12:27 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 12:21 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:8-9: the "face of your Christ" is the saved people, the body of Christ.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (joined words (OCR)): ἴδε,ὁ Θεὸς → ἴδε, ὁ Θεὸς.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.9 (PG 80 80:1543; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.11PG 80 80:1543
« "Ὅτι κρείσσων ἡ ἡμέρα μία ἐν ταῖς αὐλαῖς σου, ὑπὲρ χιλιάδας. » Τῆς σῆς γὰρ κηδεμονίας ὁ σὸς λαὸς ἀπολαύων ἀεὶ τῷ σῷ προσεδρεύει ναῷ · πολλὴν ἐντεῦθεν τὴν ὠφέλειαν καρπούμενος. "Α γὰρ ἐν μιᾷ τις ἡμέρᾳ δρέψαιτο ἐντεῦθεν, οὐκ ἂν ἑτέρωθεν συναγάγοι πολλὰς ἀναλώσας ἡμερῶν χιλιάδας. Ταῦτα μέντοι καὶ τοῖς ἐν Βαβυλῶνι δορυαλώτοις λέγειν ἥρμοττεν, ἀσεβέσι μὲν ἀνθρώποις συμβιοτεύειν ἠναγκασμένοις, κέρδος δὲ ἐκεῖθεν ποριζομένοις οὐδὲν, λογιζομένοις δὲ τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ θείου νεὼ παλαιὰν ὠφέλειαν . · Ἐξελεξάμην παραῤῥιπτεῖσθαι ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ μου μᾶλλον, ἢ οἰκεῖν με ἐν σκηνώμασιν ἁμαρτωλῶν. » Οὕτω δὲ μοι ὁ θεῖος ἀξιέραστος οἶκος, ὡς αἱρεῖσθαι παρὰ τοῦτον ἐπ᾿ ἐδάφους ἐῤῥίφθαι, καὶ πρὸ τῶν τούτου καλινδεῖσθαι θυρῶν, ἢ ἐν ταῖς μεγάλαις καὶ λαμπραῖς τῶν παρανομίᾳ συζώντων οἰκίαις διαιτᾶσθαι. Ωσαύτως καὶ ταῦτα καὶ τοῖς ἐν Βαβυλῶνι πρόσφορα, καὶ ἡμῖν ἐπιτήδεια. Καὶ γὰρ ἐκείνους ἐδίδασκεν ἡ χάρις τοῦ Πνεύματος, μὴ παραβλέπειν τοῦ θείου οἴκου τὴν ἐρημίαν, καὶ ἡμεῖς παιδευόμεθα καὶ τοὺς τῷ Θεῷ ἀφιερωμένους οἴκους ποθεῖν ἀεὶ· [ὅταν μάλιστα ὦσιν οἱ τούτων πρόεδροι ἀνεπίληπτοι καὶ πίστει καὶ βίῳ λαμπροί.]
« "Hoti kreissōn hē hēmera mia en tais aulais sou, hyper chiliadas. » Tēs sēs gar kēdemonias ho sos laos apolauōn aei tǭ sǭ prosedreuei naǭ ; pollēn enteuthen tēn ōpheleian karpoumenos. "A gar en mią tis hēmerą drepsaito enteuthen, ouk an heterōthen synagagoi pollas analōsas hēmerōn chiliadas. Tauta mentoi kai tois en Babylōni doryalōtois legein hērmotten, asebesi men anthrōpois symbioteuein ēnankasmenois, kerdos de ekeithen porizomenois ouden, logizomenois de tēn apo tou theiou neō palaian ōpheleian . ; Exelexamēn pararrhipteisthai en tǭ oikǭ tou Theou mou mallon, ē oikein me en skēnōmasin hamartōlōn. » Houtō de moi ho theios axierastos oikos, hōs haireisthai para touton ep᾿ edaphous errhiphthai, kai pro tōn toutou kalindeisthai thyrōn, ē en tais megalais kai lamprais tōn paranomią syzōntōn oikiais diaitasthai. Ōsautōs kai tauta kai tois en Babylōni prosphora, kai hēmin epitēdeia. Kai gar ekeinous edidasken hē charis tou Pneumatos, mē parablepein tou theiou oikou tēn erēmian, kai hēmeis paideuometha kai tous tǭ Theǭ aphierōmenous oikous pothein aei; [hotan malista ōsin hoi toutōn proedroi anepilēptoi kai pistei kai biǭ lamproi.]
"For one day in your courts is better than thousands." "For your people, always enjoying your care, attends your temple, reaping much benefit from it. What one gathers there in one day he could not collect elsewhere though he spent thousands of days." It suited the captives in Babylon to say this, forced to live with impious men, gaining nothing there, and reckoning the old benefit of the divine temple. "I chose to be cast aside in the house of my God rather than to dwell in the tents of sinners." "So lovely to me is the divine house that I choose to be thrown on the ground beside it and roll before its doors rather than live in the great and splendid houses of those who live in lawlessness." These words likewise suit those in Babylon and fit us. For the grace of the Spirit taught them not to overlook the desolation of the divine house, and we are trained always to long for the houses dedicated to God, [especially when those who preside over them are irreproachable and bright in faith and life.]
Ps 84:10 (83:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:10: one day in God's courts is worth thousands elsewhere; better a doorkeeper there than a dweller among the wicked.
- The final clause is bracketed in Migne (opening bracket supplied), probably an addition from the catena.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter slip; accent slip; opening bracket lost (OCR); stray letter (OCR)): τοῦ Θεοῦ μου ε μᾶλλον → τοῦ Θεοῦ μου μᾶλλον; παρανομίᾳ σοζώντων → παρανομίᾳ συζώντων; οίκους ποθεῖν ἀεὶ· ὅταν μάλιστα → οἴκους ποθεῖν ἀεὶ· [ὅταν μάλιστα.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.11 (PG 80 80:1543; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
83.12PG 80 80:1545
« "Ὅτι δὲ ἔλεος καὶ ἀλήθειαν ἀγαπᾷ Κύριος ὁ Θεός. » Οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτως Θεῷ προσφιλές ὡς ἡ ἐλεημοσύνη καὶ ἡ ταύτης σύντροφος ἀλήθεια. « Χάριν καὶ δόξαν δώσει Κύριος. Οὐ στερήσει τὰ ἀγαθὰ τοῖς πορευομένοις ἐν ἀκακίᾳ. › Οἱ γὰρ ταύτην ἔχοντες περὶ τὸν Θεὸν τὴν διάθεσιν, τούτων ἁπάντων ἀπολαύουσι τῶν ἀγαθῶν. Ἔλεος γὰρ ἐκ τῶν θείων ἀναβλαστάνει σηκῶν· καὶ πολλὴ ἐκεῖθεν καὶ ἄφθονος τῆς ἀληθείας ἡ χορηγία. Ἐκεῖθεν γὰρ τῶν ἀγαθῶν δογμάτων τὴν διδασκαλίαν δεχόμεθα, καὶ χάριν δὲ θείαν ἐκ τῶν τοῦ παναγίου Πνεύματος κρουνῶν ἀρυόμεθα. Καὶ μέντοι καὶ περίβλεπτοι γινόμεθα ἐντεῦθεν, καὶ λίαν περιφανεῖς · καὶ συλλήβδην εἰπεῖν, πᾶσαν τῶν ἀγαθῶν δεχόμεθα τὴν ἀπόλαυσιν, κακίας μὲν καὶ πονηρίας ἀπαλλαττόμενοι, ἁπλότητι δὲ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ συζῇν προαιρούμενοι. « Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δυνάμεων· μακάριος ἄνθρωπος ὁ ἐλπίζων ἐπὶ σέ.» Κατάλληλον παντὶ τῷ ψαλμῷ τὸ ἀκροτελεύτιον. Μακαρίζει γὰρ, καὶ ζηλωτὸν ὀνομάζει, τὸν πάσης βιωτικῆς εὐκληρίας καταφρονοῦντα · μόνῃ δὲ τῇ ἐπὶ τὸν Θεὸν ἐλπίδι θαῤῥοῦντα, καὶ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν φυομένην σωτηρίαν τρυγῶντα.
« "Hoti de eleos kai alētheian agapą Kyrios ho Theos. » Ouden gar houtōs Theǭ prosphiles hōs hē eleēmosynē kai hē tautēs syntrophos alētheia. « Charin kai doxan dōsei Kyrios. Ou sterēsei ta agatha tois poreuomenois en akakią. › Hoi gar tautēn echontes peri ton Theon tēn diathesin, toutōn hapantōn apolauousi tōn agathōn. Eleos gar ek tōn theiōn anablastanei sēkōn; kai pollē ekeithen kai aphthonos tēs alētheias hē chorēgia. Ekeithen gar tōn agathōn dogmatōn tēn didaskalian dechometha, kai charin de theian ek tōn tou panagiou Pneumatos krounōn aryometha. Kai mentoi kai peribleptoi ginometha enteuthen, kai lian periphaneis ; kai syllēbdēn eipein, pasan tōn agathōn dechometha tēn apolausin, kakias men kai ponērias apallattomenoi, haplotēti de kai alētheią syzę̄n proairoumenoi. « Kyrie ho Theos tōn dynameōn; makarios anthrōpos ho elpizōn epi se.» Katallēlon panti tǭ psalmǭ to akroteleution. Makarizei gar, kai zēlōton onomazei, ton pasēs biōtikēs euklērias kataphronounta ; monę̄ de tę̄ epi ton Theon elpidi tharrhounta, kai tēn enteuthen phyomenēn sōtērian trygōnta.
"For the Lord God loves mercy and truth." For nothing is so dear to God as almsgiving and its companion, truth. "The Lord will give grace and glory. He will not withhold good things from those who walk in innocence." "For those who have this disposition toward God enjoy all these good things." For mercy springs up from the divine sanctuaries, and the supply of truth from there is great and abundant. For from there we receive the teaching of good doctrines, and we draw divine grace from the streams of the all-holy Spirit. Indeed from there we become conspicuous and very renowned; and, in short, we receive the enjoyment of all good things, being freed from vice and wickedness and choosing to live with simplicity and truth. "Lord God of hosts, blessed is the man who hopes in you." The ending fits the whole psalm. For it calls blessed and enviable the one who despises all worldly good fortune and trusts in hope in God alone, harvesting the salvation that grows from it.
Ps 84:11 (83:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 84:12 (83:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 84:11-12: God loves mercy and truth and gives every good thing to the innocent; blessed is the one who hopes in him alone.
- "Mercy" here renders ἔλεος; Theodoret glosses it as ἐλεημοσύνη, "almsgiving." A stray bracket is removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray bracket (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): σύντροφος ἀλήθεια. ] • → σύντροφος ἀλήθεια. «; παναγίου σε Πνεύματος → παναγίου Πνεύματος.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 83.12 (PG 80 80:1545; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/83-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.