Joel 3 in the early church
17 passages quote, allude to, or echo Joel 3, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 2 · 9 · 10 · 12 · 13 · 16 · 17 · 18
Joel 3:2
I will gather all the nations and bring them down to the Valley of Jehoshaphat. There I will enter into judgment against them concerning My people, My inheritance, Israel, whom they have scattered among the nations as they divided up My land.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joel 3:2 (4:2 LXX) | Arabic commentary on the Apocalypse, fragment 18 (on Rev 16, 16) · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 200-235 |
| Joel 3:2 (4:2 LXX) | Commentary on Romans 9.41 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Joel 3:2 | Bordeaux Pilgrim 594 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 333 |
Joel 3:9
Proclaim this among the nations: “Prepare for war; rouse the mighty men; let all the men of war advance and attack!
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joel 3:9 (4:9 LXX) | Homilies on Joshua 8.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Joel 3:10
Beat your plowshares into swords and your pruning hooks into spears. Let the weak say, ‘I am strong!’
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joel 3:10 (4:10 LXX) | The Conferences 7.5 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
Joel 3:12
Let the nations be roused and advance to the Valley of Jehoshaphat, for there I will sit down to judge all the nations on every side.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joel 3:12 | Homily on Isaiah 1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
Joel 3:13
Swing the sickle, for the harvest is ripe. Come, trample the grapes, for the winepress is full; the wine vats overflow because their wickedness is great.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joel 3:13 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 3 · Eucherius of Lyon | quotation, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
Joel 3:16
The LORD will roar from Zion and raise His voice from Jerusalem; heaven and earth will tremble. But the LORD will be a refuge for His people, a stronghold for the people of Israel.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joel 3:16 (4:16 LXX) | Against Heresies 4.33.11 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
Joel 3:17
Then you will know that I am the LORD your God, who dwells in Zion, My holy mountain. Jerusalem will be holy, never again to be overrun by foreigners.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joel 3:17 | Book of Rules 7 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
Joel 3:18
And in that day the mountains will drip with sweet wine, and the hills will flow with milk. All the streams of Judah will run with water, and a spring will flow from the house of the LORD to water the Valley of Acacias.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joel 3:18 (4:18 LXX) | Sibylline Oracles 8.211ff. · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 2nd-3rd cent. |
| Joel 3:18 (4:18 LXX) | The Instructor 1.6.45 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Joel 3:18 (4:18 LXX) | Against Marcion 3.5 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Joel 3:18 | Divine Institutes 7.24.7 · Lactantius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 303–311 |
| Joel 3:18 | Epitome of the Divine Institutes 67.5 · Lactantius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 314–320 |
| Joel 3:18 (4:18 LXX) | Oration 16.15 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Joel 3:18 | Oration 40.27 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Joel 3:18 | Letter 49.21 · Jerome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |