Judges 4 in the early church
45 passages quote, allude to, or echo Judges 4, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 8 · 9 · 14 · 15 · 17 · 19 · 21 · 22
Judges 4:1
After Ehud died, the Israelites again did evil in the sight of the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:1 | Homilies on Judges 4.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:1–3 | Judges, lines 180–203 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Judges 4:2
So the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his forces was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth-hagoyim.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:2 | Miscellanies 1.21.110 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Judg 4:2 | Homilies on Judges 4.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:2 | Homilies on Judges 4.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Judges 4:3
Then the Israelites cried out to the LORD, because Jabin had nine hundred chariots of iron, and he had harshly oppressed the Israelites for twenty years.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:3 | Homilies on Judges 4.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:3 | Preparation for the Gospel 10.14.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Judg 4:3–16 | Judges, lines 204–228 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Judges 4:4
Now Deborah, a prophetess, the wife of Lappidoth, was judging Israel at that time.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:4 | To Autolycus 3.24 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Judg 4:4 | Miscellanies 1.21.110 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Judg 4:4 | Miscellanies 1.21.136 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Judg 4:4 | Homilies on Judges 4.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:4 | Homilies on Judges 5.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:4–6 | Demonstration of the Gospel 8.1.27 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Judg 4:4–5 | Demonstration 14.11 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Judg 4:4–6 | Demonstration 14.33 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Judg 4:4 | Catechetical Lecture 16.28 · Cyril of Jerusalem | allusion, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Judg 4:4–6 | Letter 54.17 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Judg 4:4–9 | Letter 65.1 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Judg 4:4 | Apostolic Constitutions 8.20.1 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Judg 4:4 | City of God 18.15 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Judg 4:4–5 | Part 2, chapter 17 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Judges 4:5
And she would sit under the Palm of Deborah between Ramah and Bethel in the hill country of Ephraim, where the Israelites would go up to her for judgment.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:5 | Homilies on Judges 5.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:5 | Homilies on Judges 5.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Judges 4:6
She summoned Barak son of Abinoam from Kedesh in Naphtali and said to him, “Surely the LORD, the God of Israel, is commanding you: ‘Go and march to Mount Tabor, taking with you ten thousand men of Naphtali and Zebulun.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:6 | Homilies on Judges 5.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Judges 4:8
Barak said to her, “If you will go with me, I will go; but if you will not go with me, I will not go.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:8 | Homilies on Judges 5.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Judges 4:9
“I will certainly go with you,” Deborah replied, “but the road you are taking will bring you no honor, because the LORD will be selling Sisera into the hand of a woman.” So Deborah got up and went with Barak to Kedesh,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:9 | Homilies on Judges 5.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Judges 4:14
Then Deborah said to Barak, “Arise, for this is the day that the LORD has delivered Sisera into your hand. Has not the LORD gone before you?” So Barak came down from Mount Tabor with ten thousand men following him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:14–16 | Apostolic Constitutions 7.37.2 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
Judges 4:15
And in front of him the LORD routed with the sword Sisera, all his charioteers, and all his army. Sisera abandoned his chariot and fled on foot.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:15 | Letter 108.13 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Judges 4:17
Meanwhile, Sisera had fled on foot to the tent of Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite, because there was peace between Jabin king of Hazor and the house of Heber the Kenite.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:17 | Homilies on Judges 5.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:17–21 | Demonstration 14.11 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Judg 4:17–24 | Judges, lines 229–252 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Judges 4:19
Sisera said to her, “Please give me a little water to drink, for I am thirsty.” So she opened a container of milk, gave him a drink, and covered him again.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:19 | Homilies on Judges 5.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:19 | Homilies on Judges 5.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Judges 4:21
But as he lay sleeping from exhaustion, Heber’s wife Jael took a tent peg, grabbed a hammer, and went silently to Sisera. She drove the peg through his temple and into the ground, and he died.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:21 | Homilies on Judges 5.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:21 | Homilies on Judges 5.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:21 | Homilies on Judges 9.1 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Judg 4:21–24 | Demonstration 14.13 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Judg 4:21 | Question 115, section 67 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Judg 4:21 | Against Jovinianus 1.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | 393 |
| Judg 4:21 | Poem 26, lines 130–161 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Judg 4:21 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 12.32 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Judg 4:21 | On the Governance of God 7.30 · Salvian of Marseilles | allusion, high confidence | ca. 439-451 |
| Judg 4:21 | Part 2, chapter 17 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Judges 4:22
When Barak arrived in pursuit of Sisera, Jael went out to greet him and said to him, “Come, and I will show you the man you are seeking.” So he went in with her, and there lay Sisera dead, with a tent peg through his temple.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judg 4:22 | Homilies on Judges 5.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |