Exodus 15 in the early church
249 passages quote, allude to, or echo Exodus 15, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27
Exodus 15:1
Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the LORD: “I will sing to the LORD, for He is highly exalted. The horse and rider He has thrown into the sea.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:1 | Miscellanies 5.8.52 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on Exodus 4.9 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on Exodus 6.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on Exodus 6.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on Exodus 6.14 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on Joshua 16.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on Judges 6.3 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on Numbers 27.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on Numbers 27.10 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.80 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.81 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Exod 15:1 | Homily on the Song of Songs 1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–250 |
| Exod 15:1 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 26 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Exod 15:1–2 | Church History 9.9.8 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Exod 15:1 | Letter to Marcellinus 9 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | uncertain, after 335 |
| Exod 15:1 | Life of Constantine 1.38.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| Exod 15:1 | Homilies on the Psalms 32.9 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Exod 15:1 | Letter 54.13 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 15:1 | Letter 78.7 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 15:1 | Letter 106.12 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 15:1 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 26.17.5 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Exod 15:1 | Chapter 1 · Nicetas, bishop of Remesiana | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–414 |
| Exod 15:1–18 | Chapter 8 · Nicetas, bishop of Remesiana | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–414 |
| Exod 15:1–27 | On the Life of Moses 311 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 385–395 |
| Exod 15:1 | On Naboth 65 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Exod 15:1 | Exposition of Psalm 118 4.29.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Exod 15:1 | Exposition of Psalm 118 7.29.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Exod 15:1 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 1.4.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Exod 15:1 | Life of Hilarion 6 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390–392 |
| Exod 15:1 | Sermon 363.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Exod 15:1 | Sermon 363.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Exod 15:1 | Poem 27, lines 607–647 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Exod 15:1–2 | Exodus, lines 493–517 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Exodus 15:2
The LORD is my strength and my song, and He has become my salvation. He is my God, and I will praise Him, my father’s God, and I will exalt Him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:2 | Exhortation to Martyrdom 27 · Origen | quotation, medium confidence | 235 |
| Exod 15:2 | Homily on Isaiah 3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
| Exod 15:2 | Homily on 1 Samuel 1.17 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:2 | Homilies on Exodus 6.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:2 | Life of Constantine 1.38.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| Exod 15:2 | On the Christian Faith 3.5 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Exod 15:2 | On the Trinity 5 · Faustinus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380–384 |
| Exod 15:2 | Sermon 363.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Exod 15:2–17 | Exodus, lines 518–542 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Exodus 15:3
The LORD is a warrior, the LORD is His name.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:3 | Homilies on Exodus 6.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:3 | Tractates on the Psalms 125.6 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Exod 15:3 | Theological Oration 4 (Or. 30), On the Son 18 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | 380 |
| Exod 15:3 | Sermon 363.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Exod 15:3 | Letters 24.23 · Paulinus of Nola | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Exod 15:3 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 121.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 406–420 |
Exodus 15:4
Pharaoh’s chariots and army He has cast into the sea; the finest of his officers are drowned in the Red Sea.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:4 | Homilies on Exodus 6.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:4 | Homilies on Joshua 22.6 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:4 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 2.151 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| Exod 15:4 | Commentary on Matthew 16.16 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Exod 15:4–5 | Church History 9.9.5 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Exod 15:4 | Life of Constantine 1.38.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| Exod 15:4 | Letters 190, 191 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Exod 15:4 | On the Destruction of Jerusalem 5.16 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370 |
| Exod 15:4 | On the Life of Moses 361 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 385–395 |
| Exod 15:4 | Homilies on Matthew 7.6 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Exod 15:4 | Sermon 363.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Exodus 15:5
The depths have covered them; they sank there like a stone.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:5 | Homilies on Exodus 6.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:5 | Life of Constantine 1.38.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| Exod 15:5 | On Virginity 18 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–371 |
| Exod 15:5 | Sermon 363.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Exodus 15:6
Your right hand, O LORD, is majestic in power; Your right hand, O LORD, has shattered the enemy.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:6 | Letters 8, 9 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Exod 15:6 | Hexameron (Exameron) 2.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Exod 15:6–9 | Sermon 363.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| Exod 15:6 | Celestine, ACO I.2, letter 26.0 · Celestine I, bishop of Rome | quotation, high confidence | 430-432 |
Exodus 15:7
You overthrew Your adversaries by Your great majesty. You unleashed Your burning wrath; it consumed them like stubble.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:7 | Fragment 49 on John 3:36 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 226-254 |
| Exod 15:7 | Homilies on Ezekiel 10.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
Exodus 15:8
At the blast of Your nostrils the waters piled up; like a wall the currents stood firm; the depths congealed in the heart of the sea.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:8 | Poem 6 (To Flavius Felix on the Resurrection of the Dead), lines 275–299 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 4th-5th cent. (disputed) |
| Exod 15:8 | Demonstration of the Gospel 3.2.18 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Exod 15:8 | Homilies on the Psalms 32.5 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
| Exod 15:8 | Tractates on the Psalms 67.27 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Exod 15:8 | Hexameron (Exameron) 2.11 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Exod 15:8 | Homily 3 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| Exod 15:8 | Tractates 10 · Gaudentius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
| Exod 15:8 | Seven Books of History against the Pagans 1.10.15 · Orosius | echo, medium confidence | ca. 417–418 |
| Exod 15:8 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 3 · Eucherius of Lyon | quotation, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
Exodus 15:9
The enemy declared, ‘I will pursue, I will overtake. I will divide the spoils; I will gorge myself on them. I will draw my sword; my hand will destroy them.’
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:9 | Life of Antony 24 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357–360 |
| Exod 15:9 | Defence of His Flight 23 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 357 |
| Exod 15:9 | Tractates 6 · Gaudentius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
| Exod 15:9 | Tractates 12 · Gaudentius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
Exodus 15:10
But You blew with Your breath, and the sea covered them. They sank like lead in the mighty waters.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:10 | PG 12:1139 (Ps 4 LXX) · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Exod 15:10 | Homily on Isaiah 6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
| Exod 15:10 | Homilies on Exodus 4.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:10 | Homilies on Exodus 4.9 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:10 | Homilies on Exodus 6.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:10 | Church History 9.9.7 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Exod 15:10 | Life of Constantine 1.38.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| Exod 15:10 | Against Parmenian the Donatist 1.8 · Optatus of Milevis | allusion, high confidence | ca. 366–385 |
| Exod 15:10 | Hexameron (Exameron) 1.14 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Exod 15:10 | On the Mysteries 3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387–391 |
| Exod 15:10–13 | Sermon 363.2 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Exodus 15:11
Who among the gods is like You, O LORD? Who is like You—majestic in holiness, revered with praises, performing wonders?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:11 | Acts of Thomas 122 · Anonymous | echo, low confidence | ca. 200–250 |
| Exod 15:11 | Homilies on Exodus 6.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:11 | Church History 9.9.8 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Exod 15:11 | Homilies 16.6 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Exod 15:11 | Recognitions 2.44 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Exod 15:11 | Life of Constantine 1.38.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| Exod 15:11 | Letter to the Africans 7 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 369 |
| Exod 15:11 | On the Christian Faith 4.12 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 378–380 |
| Exod 15:11 | Homilies on Matthew 37.2 · John Chrysostom | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 390 |
Exodus 15:12
You stretched out Your right hand, and the earth swallowed them up.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:12 | Homilies on Exodus 6.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Exodus 15:13
With loving devotion You will lead the people You have redeemed; with Your strength You will guide them to Your holy dwelling.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:13 | Homilies on Exodus 6.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:13 | Sermon 363.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Exodus 15:14
The nations will hear and tremble; anguish will grip the dwellers of Philistia.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:14 | Homilies on Exodus 6.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:14 | Homilies on Numbers 13.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:14–16 | Sermon 363.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Exodus 15:15
Then the chiefs of Edom will be dismayed; trembling will seize the leaders of Moab; those who dwell in Canaan will melt away,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:15 | Homilies on Exodus 6.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:15 | Homilies on Numbers 13.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Exodus 15:16
and terror and dread will fall on them. By the power of Your arm they will be as still as a stone until Your people pass by, O LORD, until the people You have bought pass by.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:16 | Fragments on Luke, column 327 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Exod 15:16 | Homily on Luke 22 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 233–250 |
| Exod 15:16 | Homilies on Exodus 6.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:16 | Homilies on Exodus 6.9 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:16 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 15 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
Exodus 15:17
You will bring them in and plant them on the mountain of Your inheritance—the place, O LORD, You have prepared for Your dwelling, the sanctuary, O Lord, Your hands have established.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:17 | PG 12:1419 (Ps 43 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Exod 15:17 | Homily on 1 Samuel 1.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:17 | Homilies on Exodus 6.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:17 | Homilies on Exodus 6.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:17 | Homilies on Numbers 24.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:17 | Homilies on Jeremiah 18.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| Exod 15:17 | Commentary on Matthew 11.14 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Exod 15:17 | Commentary on Matthew 17.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Exod 15:17 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.11.4 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| Exod 15:17–18 | Sermon 363.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Exodus 15:18
The LORD will reign forever and ever!”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:18 | On First Principles 2.3.5 · Origen | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Exod 15:18 | Homilies on Exodus 6.13 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Exodus 15:19
For when Pharaoh’s horses, chariots, and horsemen went into the sea, the LORD brought the waters of the sea back over them. But the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:19 | Homilies on Exodus 6.14 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:19 | Sermon 363.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
Exodus 15:20
Then Miriam the prophetess, Aaron’s sister, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women followed her with tambourines and dancing.
Exodus 15:21
And Miriam sang back to them: “Sing to the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and rider He has thrown into the sea.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:21 | Letter 22.41 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 15:21 | Letter 78.7 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 15:21 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 1.4.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
Exodus 15:22
Then Moses led Israel from the Red Sea, and they went out into the Desert of Shur. For three days they walked in the desert without finding water.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:22 | On Patience 5 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–206 |
| Exod 15:22 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.29.15 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Exod 15:22 | Letter 78.7 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Exod 15:22–25 | On the Life of Moses 365 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 385–395 |
Exodus 15:23
And when they came to Marah, they could not drink the water there because it was bitter. (That is why it was named Marah.)
Exodus 15:24
So the people grumbled against Moses, saying, “What are we to drink?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:24–25 | Commentary on John 13.10 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Exod 15:24 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.33.1 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
Exodus 15:25
And Moses cried out to the LORD, and the LORD showed him a log. And when he cast it into the waters, they were sweetened. There the LORD made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there He tested them,
Exodus 15:26
saying, “If you will listen carefully to the voice of the LORD your God, and do what is right in His eyes, and pay attention to His commands, and keep all His statutes, then I will not bring on you any of the diseases I inflicted on the Egyptians. For I am the LORD who heals you.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exod 15:26 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 287 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Exod 15:26 | Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 289 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Exod 15:26 | PG 12:1153 (Ps 4 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Exod 15:26 | Homilies on Exodus 7.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Exod 15:26 | Exposition of Psalm 118 7.29.2 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Exod 15:26–27 | Exodus, lines 570–591 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Exodus 15:27
Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees, and they camped there by the waters.