1 Kings 12 in the early church
[LXX: 3 Kingdoms; Vulgate: 3 Kings]
72 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Kings 12, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 4 · 6 · 8 · 10 · 11 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 19 · 20 · 22 · 24 · 26 · 28 · 32 · 33
1 Kings 12:1
Then Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had gone there to make him king.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:1–33 | Demonstration 14.25 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| 1 Kgs 12:1–24 | City of God 17.21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Kings 12:4
“Your father put a heavy yoke on us. But now you must lighten the burden of your father’s service and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:4 | Book of Rules 5 · Tyconius | allusion, low confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 12:4 | On the Duties of the Clergy 2.18 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
1 Kings 12:6
Then King Rehoboam consulted with the elders who had served his father Solomon during his lifetime. “How do you advise me to respond to these people?” he asked.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:6–19 | Demonstration 14.42 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
1 Kings 12:8
But Rehoboam rejected the advice of the elders; instead, he consulted the young men who had grown up with him and served him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:8 | Oration 36.7 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
1 Kings 12:10
The young men who had grown up with him replied, “This is how you should answer these people who said to you, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy, but you must make it lighter.’ This is what you should tell them: ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s waist!
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:10 | Letter 82.3 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
1 Kings 12:11
Whereas my father burdened you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke. Whereas my father scourged you with whips, I will scourge you with scorpions.’”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:11 | Letter 82.3 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
1 Kings 12:13
And the king answered the people harshly. He rejected the advice of the elders
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:13–19 | Demonstration 14.40 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| 1 Kgs 12:13–14 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 5 · Eucherius of Lyon | quotation, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
| 1 Kgs 12:13 | On Grace and Free Will 21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 426 |
1 Kings 12:14
and spoke to them as the young men had advised, saying, “Whereas my father made your yoke heavy, I will add to your yoke. Whereas my father scourged you with whips, I will scourge you with scorpions.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:14 | Homilies 20.1 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| 1 Kgs 12:14 | On the Duties of the Clergy 2.18 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
1 Kings 12:15
So the king did not listen to the people, and indeed this turn of events was from the LORD, to fulfill the word He had spoken to Jeroboam son of Nebat through Ahijah the Shilonite.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:15 | On Grace and Free Will 21 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426 |
1 Kings 12:16
When all Israel saw that the king had refused to listen to them, they answered the king: “What portion do we have in David, and what inheritance in the son of Jesse? To your tents, O Israel! Look now to your own house, O David!” So the Israelites went home,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:16–20 | On First Principles 4.3.6 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| 1 Kgs 12:16 | Homilies on Ezekiel 9.1 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| 1 Kgs 12:16–20 | Demonstration 14.13 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| 1 Kgs 12:16 | Oration 2.39 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Kgs 12:16 | On the Duties of the Clergy 2.18 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| 1 Kgs 12:16–20 | Part 2, chapter 28 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
1 Kings 12:19
So to this day Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:19–20 | Commentary on John 13.81 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| 1 Kgs 12:19 | Commentary on Matthew 16.10 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| 1 Kgs 12:19 | On the Destruction of Jerusalem 5.15 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370 |
| 1 Kgs 12:19 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 8.7.7 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374-377 |
| 1 Kgs 12:19 | City of God 18.20 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Kings 12:20
When all Israel heard that Jeroboam had returned, they summoned him to the assembly and made him king over all Israel. Only the tribe of Judah followed the house of David.
1 Kings 12:22
But the word of God came to Shemaiah the man of God:
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:22 | Miscellanies 1.21.114 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
1 Kings 12:24
that this is what the LORD says: ‘You are not to go up and fight against your brothers, the Israelites. Each of you must return home, for this is My doing.’” So they listened to the word of the LORD and turned back according to the word of the LORD.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:24 | On Apostate Kings 3 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Kgs 12:24 | On Apostate Kings 4 · Lucifer of Cagliari | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Kgs 12:24 | On Apostate Kings 5 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
1 Kings 12:26
Jeroboam said in his heart, “Now the kingdom might revert to the house of David.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:26–33 | On Apostate Kings 3 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Kgs 12:26–33 | City of God 17.22 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Kings 12:28
After seeking advice, the king made two golden calves and said to the people, “Going up to Jerusalem is too much for you. Here, O Israel, are your gods, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:28–29 | Against the Jews 1 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 197–207 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Against Marcion 3.13 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Homilies on Ezekiel 9.1 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Homilies on Ezekiel 10.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–33 | Demonstration 11.2 · Aphrahat | allusion, medium confidence | 337-345 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Demonstration 15.4 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–30 | On Apostate Kings 4 · Lucifer of Cagliari | allusion, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–29 | Tractates on the Psalms 59.6 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–29 | Tractates on the Psalms 67.31 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, low confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Oration 5.2 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Oration 36.3 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Commentary on Romans 1:23 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–33 | Question 37, section 1 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Letter 96.12 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | Apostolic Constitutions 2.10.2 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–31 | Apostolic Constitutions 8.46.9 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–29 | Commentary on Jeremiah 1.55 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–29 | Commentary on Jeremiah 6.20 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–29 | Commentary on Jeremiah 6.48 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28–30 | Sermon 27 · Peter Chrysologus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| 1 Kgs 12:28 | The Conferences 6.11 · John Cassian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
1 Kings 12:32
And Jeroboam ordained a feast on the fifteenth day of the eighth month, like the feast that was in Judah, and he offered sacrifices on the altar; he made this offering in Bethel to sacrifice to the calves he had set up, and he installed priests in Bethel for the high places he had set up.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:32 | Fragments on Genesis, column 57 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 1 Kgs 12:32 | Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.21 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| 1 Kgs 12:32–13:6 | On Apostate Kings 5 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
1 Kings 12:33
On the fifteenth day of the eighth month, a month of his own choosing, Jeroboam offered sacrifices on the altar he had set up in Bethel. So he ordained a feast for the Israelites, offered sacrifices on the altar, and burned incense.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 12:33 | Fragments on Genesis, column 57 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 1 Kgs 12:33 | Preparation for the Gospel 6.11.21 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |