John 18 in the early church

278 passages quote, allude to, or echo John 18, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 34 · 35 · 36 · 37 · 38 · 39 · 40

John 18:1

After Jesus had spoken these words, He went out with His disciples across the Kidron Valley, where they entered a garden.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:1Commentary on John 19.62 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:1Commentary on John 28.202 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:1Apostolic Constitutions 5.14.7 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
John 18:1Exposition of Psalm 118 22.45.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
John 18:1The Harmony of the Gospels 3.10 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:1The Harmony of the Gospels 3.12 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:1–2Tractates on the Gospel of John 112.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:1Commentary on Jeremiah 6.29 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 414-419

John 18:2

Now Judas His betrayer also knew the place, because Jesus had often met there with His disciples.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:2Commentary on John 28.203 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:2–3Tractates on the Gospel of John 112.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:3

So Judas brought a band of soldiers and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees. They arrived at the garden carrying lanterns, torches, and weapons.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:3Commentary on John 19.63 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:3Commentary on John 28.204 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:3Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 99 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
John 18:3Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.41.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:3Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.41.3 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:3Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.41.4 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:3Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.21.2 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:3Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.30.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:3The Harmony of the Gospels 3.12 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:4

Jesus, knowing all that was coming upon Him, stepped forward and asked them, “Whom are you seeking?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:4–6Commentary on John 28.206 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:4–8Against Celsus 2.10 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 248
John 18:4Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 100 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
John 18:4On the Trinity 10.27 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:4Defence of His Flight 13 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 357
John 18:4Tractates on the Psalms 139.12 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
John 18:4Tractates on the Psalms 141.4 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, medium confidenceca. 360–367
John 18:4Homilies 18.1 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 363-378
John 18:4Ancoratus 31.6 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374
John 18:4Ancoratus 38.1 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374
John 18:4Ancoratus 108.2 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374
John 18:4Ancoratus 108.6 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374
John 18:4Homilies on Matthew 83.2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:4The Harmony of the Gospels 3.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:4Tractates on the Gospel of John 11.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:4Tractates on the Gospel of John 28.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:4Tractates on the Gospel of John 37.9 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:4Tractates on the Gospel of John 47.7 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:4–6Tractates on the Gospel of John 112.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:5

“Jesus of Nazareth,” they answered. Jesus said, “I am He.” And Judas His betrayer was standing there with them.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:5Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 100 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
John 18:5Oration II Against the Arians 68 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
John 18:5Oration III Against the Arians 54 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
John 18:5Ancoratus 108.7 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, high confidence374
John 18:5Homilies on Matthew 83.2 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:5Poem 16, lines 63–94 · Paulinus of Nolaecho, low confidenceca. 393–431
John 18:5The Harmony of the Gospels 3.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:5Tractates on the Gospel of John 11.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:5Tractates on the Gospel of John 28.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:5Tractates on the Gospel of John 37.9 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:5Tractates on the Gospel of John 47.7 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:6

When Jesus said, “I am He,” they drew back and fell to the ground.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:6Acts of Thomas 157 · Anonymousecho, medium confidenceca. 200–250
John 18:6Commentary on John 28.208 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:6Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 100 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
John 18:6On the Trinity 10.27 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:6On the Trinity 10.32 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:6On the Trinity 10.48 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:6Tractates on the Psalms 139.12 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
John 18:6Letter 65.8 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
John 18:6Homilies on Matthew 79.3 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:6Homilies on Matthew 84.2 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:6On Joseph 65 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-390
John 18:6Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.30.1 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:6Explanation of Twelve Psalms 40.30.3 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:6Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.54.3 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:6The Harmony of the Gospels 3.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:6Tractates on the Gospel of John 11.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:6Tractates on the Gospel of John 28.2 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:6Tractates on the Gospel of John 31.6 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:6Tractates on the Gospel of John 37.9 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:6Tractates on the Gospel of John 47.7 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:7

So He asked them again, “Whom are you seeking?” “Jesus of Nazareth,” they answered.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:7Commentary on John 28.207 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:7The Harmony of the Gospels 3.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:7–9Tractates on the Gospel of John 112.4 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:8

“I told you that I am He,” Jesus replied. “So if you are looking for Me, let these men go.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:8Catechetical Lecture 6.23 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
John 18:8Explanation of Twelve Psalms 61.11.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:8Explanation of Twelve Psalms 61.20.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:8Explanation of Twelve Psalms 61.20.2 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:8The Harmony of the Gospels 3.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:8–9Tractates on the Gospel of John 113.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:9

This was to fulfill the word He had spoken: “I have not lost one of those You have given Me.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:9Defence before Constantius 35 · Athanasius of Alexandriaecho, medium confidenceca. 353–357
John 18:9On the Trinity 10.42 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:9Liber Orsiesii 12 · Orsiesiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380-390
John 18:9Explanation of Twelve Psalms 61.20.2 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:9The Harmony of the Gospels 3.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:10

Then Simon Peter drew his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:10On Patience 3 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 198–206
John 18:10Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 101 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
John 18:10–11Oration to the Assembly of the Saints 15.3 · Constantine the Greatallusion, medium confidenceca. 325 (dated variously 317–325)
John 18:10Commentary on Matthew 14 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 353–355
John 18:10On the Trinity 10.28 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:10Letter 143 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 360–390
John 18:10Tractates on the Psalms 131.4 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
John 18:10–11Oration 14.2 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
John 18:10Oration 33.14 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
John 18:10–11Against Parmenian the Donatist 3.7 · Optatus of Milevisallusion, medium confidenceca. 366–385
John 18:10Question 104, section 1 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 370–384
John 18:10Exposition of Psalm 118 15.2.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
John 18:10Homilies on Matthew 56.3 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:10Homilies on Matthew 84.1 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:10On the Christian Struggle 31 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 396–397
John 18:10On the Christian Struggle 32 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 396–397
John 18:10Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.70 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 398–400
John 18:10Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.77 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 398–400
John 18:10The Harmony of the Gospels 3.16 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:10–11Tractates on the Gospel of John 112.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:10Book 5, section 4 · Seduliusallusion, medium confidenceca. 425-450

John 18:11

“Put your sword back in its sheath!” Jesus said to Peter. “Shall I not drink the cup the Father has given Me?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:11On Idolatry 19 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 196–211
John 18:11Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 103 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
John 18:11Fragment E V (on Luke 22:42 ff.) · Dionysius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 248–265
John 18:11On the Trinity 1.32 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:11On the Trinity 10.30 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:11On the Trinity 10.32 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, medium confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:11Tractates on the Psalms 131.4 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 360–367
John 18:11Tractates on the Psalms 138.11 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 360–367
John 18:11Tractates on the Psalms 139.12 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 360–367
John 18:11Letter 121.5 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
John 18:11Letter 123.12 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
John 18:11Eleven Tractates 6.99 · Priscillianallusion, high confidenceca. 380–385
John 18:11Letter 93.7 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430
John 18:11Homilies on Matthew 84.1 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:11Lines 143–155 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidence393
John 18:11Against Faustus the Manichaean 22.76 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 398–400
John 18:11The Harmony of the Gospels 3.16 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:11Apologetic Book 28.7 · Orosiusquotation, high confidenceca. 415–416

John 18:12

Then the band of soldiers, with its commander and the officers of the Jews, arrested Jesus and bound Him.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:12On Pascha 79 · text not on this site · Melito of Sardisallusion, medium confidenceca. 160-180
John 18:12On Pascha 93 · text not on this site · Melito of Sardisecho, low confidenceca. 160-180
John 18:12Commentary on John 28.208 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:12–13Commentary on John 32.376 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:12On the Decrees of Nicaea 2 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, high confidenceca. 350–356
John 18:12The Harmony of the Gospels 3.19 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:12Tractates on the Gospel of John 112.6 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:13

They brought Him first to Annas, who was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, the high priest that year.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:13Church History 1.10.6 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 300–325
John 18:13Apostolic Constitutions 5.14.10 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 380
John 18:13The Harmony of the Gospels 3.19 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:13The Harmony of the Gospels 3.50 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:13–14Tractates on the Gospel of John 113.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:15

Now Simon Peter and another disciple were following Jesus. Since that disciple was known to the high priest, he also went with Jesus into the courtyard of the high priest.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:15–16Letter 127.5 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
John 18:15Homilies on Matthew 65.3 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:15Homilies on Matthew 84.2 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:15The Harmony of the Gospels 3.19 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:15–17Tractates on the Gospel of John 113.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:16

But Peter stood outside at the door. Then the disciple who was known to the high priest went out and spoke to the doorkeeper, and brought Peter in.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:16The Harmony of the Gospels 3.19 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:17

At this, the servant girl watching the door said to Peter, “Aren’t you also one of this man’s disciples?” “I am not,” he answered.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:17Commentary on Matthew 12.40 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 246–248
John 18:17Sermon 286.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
John 18:17The Harmony of the Gospels 3.21 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:17The Harmony of the Gospels 3.23 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:17Tractates on the Gospel of John 66.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:18

Because it was cold, the servants and officers were standing around a charcoal fire they had made to keep warm. And Peter was also standing with them, warming himself.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:18Demonstration of the Gospel 6.18.45 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
John 18:18Demonstration of the Gospel 10.7.6 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
John 18:18Catechetical Lecture 13.24 · Cyril of Jerusalemallusion, high confidenceca. 350
John 18:18Catechetical Lecture 13.34 · Cyril of Jerusalemallusion, high confidenceca. 350
John 18:18The Harmony of the Gospels 3.23 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:18Commentary on the Apostles' Creed 24 · Rufinus of Aquileiaallusion, high confidenceca. 404
John 18:18–21Tractates on the Gospel of John 113.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:18On the Grace of Christ and On Original Sin 1.49 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidence418

John 18:19

Meanwhile, the high priest questioned Jesus about His disciples and His teaching.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:19The Harmony of the Gospels 3.24 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:20

“I have spoken openly to the world,” Jesus answered. “I always taught in the synagogues and at the temple, where all the Jews come together. I said nothing in secret.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:20Against Celsus 2.70 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 248
John 18:20Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 100 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
John 18:20Moral Rules (Moralia) 70 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 360-370
John 18:20Question 114, section 6 · Ambrosiasterecho, low confidenceca. 370–384
John 18:20Letter 96.20 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
John 18:20On the Nature of the Good 25 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399
John 18:20The Harmony of the Gospels 3.24 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:21

Why are you asking Me? Ask those who heard My message. Surely they know what I said.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:21The Harmony of the Gospels 3.24 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:22

When Jesus had said this, one of the officers standing nearby slapped Him in the face and said, “Is this how You answer the high priest?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:22–23Letter 3.2 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence249/250–258
John 18:22–23Letter 59.4 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence249/250–258
John 18:22–23Letter 66.3 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence249/250–258
John 18:22Catechetical Lecture 13.12 · Cyril of Jerusalemallusion, high confidenceca. 350
John 18:22Catechetical Lecture 13.34 · Cyril of Jerusalemallusion, high confidenceca. 350
John 18:22–23The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 1.19 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 393–396
John 18:22The Harmony of the Gospels 3.24 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:22–23Tractates on the Gospel of John 113.4 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:22Homilies on the First Epistle of John 7.3 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 407
John 18:22Commentary on Jeremiah 4.19 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 414-419

John 18:23

Jesus replied, “If I said something wrong, testify as to what was wrong. But if I spoke correctly, why did you strike Me?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:23Homilies 10.6 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 363-378
John 18:23Letter to Epictetus 6 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 370
John 18:23Exposition of Psalm 118 20.35.2 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-397
John 18:23Letter 138.13 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
John 18:23Homilies on Matthew 78.2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:23Explanation of Twelve Psalms 37.45.4 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397
John 18:23On Lying 27 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 395
John 18:23The Harmony of the Gospels 3.24 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:23Apology against Rufinus 3.2 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 401–402

John 18:24

Then Annas sent Him, still bound, to Caiaphas the high priest.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:24The Harmony of the Gospels 3.21 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:24The Harmony of the Gospels 3.24 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:24Tractates on the Gospel of John 113.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:24Tractates on the Gospel of John 114.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:25

Simon Peter was still standing and warming himself. So they asked him, “Aren’t you also one of His disciples?” He denied it and said, “I am not.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:25The Harmony of the Gospels 3.21 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:25The Harmony of the Gospels 3.24 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:25–27Tractates on the Gospel of John 113.6 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:26

One of the high priest’s servants, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, “Didn’t I see you with Him in the garden?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:26The Harmony of the Gospels 3.25 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:27

Peter denied it once more, and immediately a rooster crowed.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:27Sermon 253.1 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 391-430
John 18:27The Harmony of the Gospels 3.25 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:28

Then they led Jesus away from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. By now it was early morning, and the Jews did not enter the Praetorium, to avoid being defiled and unable to eat the Passover.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:28Fragment 16 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, high confidencelate 2nd–early 3rd century
John 18:28Commentary on John 28.119 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:28Commentary on John 32.376 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:28Fragment 5 · Peter of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 300–311
John 18:28On the Paschal Feast 9 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 325–337
John 18:28On the Paschal Feast 12 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 325–337
John 18:28–19:16Pilgrimage (Itinerarium) 36.4 · Egeriaallusion, high confidenceca. 381-395
John 18:28Homilies on Matthew 84.2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:28The Harmony of the Gospels 3.27 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:28The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:28The Harmony of the Gospels 3.50 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:28Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 65–66 · Anonymousquotation, high confidence5th century (disputed)
John 18:28Tractates on the Gospel of John 114.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:28Tractates on the Gospel of John 114.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:29

So Pilate went out to them and asked, “What accusation are you bringing against this man?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:29Oration 43.54 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383
John 18:29The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:29The Harmony of the Gospels 3.42 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:29–30Tractates on the Gospel of John 114.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:30

“If He were not a criminal,” they replied, “we would not have handed Him over to you.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:30Homilies on Matthew 84.2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:30The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:30The Harmony of the Gospels 3.42 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:30The Conferences 22.12 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

John 18:31

“You take Him and judge Him by your own law,” Pilate told them. “We are not permitted to execute anyone,” the Jews replied.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:31Commentary on John 28.232 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:31Homilies on Matthew 84.2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:31Homilies on Matthew 86.2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:31On Joseph 14 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390
John 18:31Sermon 364.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
John 18:31The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:31The Harmony of the Gospels 3.42 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:31Tractates on the Gospel of John 114.4 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:31Tractates on the Gospel of John 114.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:31Tractates on the Gospel of John 115.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:31Tractates on the Gospel of John 116.9 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:31Part 1, chapter 26 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 445-450

John 18:32

This was to fulfill the word that Jesus had spoken to indicate the kind of death He was going to die.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:32On Joseph 14 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390
John 18:32The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:32Tractates on the Gospel of John 114.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:33

Pilate went back into the Praetorium, summoned Jesus, and asked Him, “Are You the King of the Jews?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:33Commentary on John 1.129 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:33The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:33–36Tractates on the Gospel of John 115.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:34

“Are you saying this on your own,” Jesus asked, “or did others tell you about Me?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:34The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:35

“Am I a Jew?” Pilate replied. “Your own people and chief priests handed You over to me. What have You done?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:35Commentary on John 28.232 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:35The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400

John 18:36

Jesus answered, “My kingdom is not of this world; if it were, My servants would fight to prevent My arrest by the Jews. But now My kingdom is not of this realm.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:36First Apology 11 · Justin Martyrecho, medium confidenceca. 150–155
John 18:36Commentary on John 1.129 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:36Homilies on Jeremiah 14.17 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240
John 18:36Against Celsus 1.61 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 248
John 18:36Commentary on Matthew 13.9 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
John 18:36–37To Quirinus 2.29 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
John 18:36Church History 3.20.4 · Eusebius of Caesareaecho, medium confidenceca. 300–325
John 18:36Prophetic Extracts 2.2 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
John 18:36On the Trinity 11.32 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 356–360
John 18:36Tractates 2.6.3 · Zeno of Veronaquotation, high confidenceca. 362-380
John 18:36Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 29.4.6 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
John 18:36Second Apology of David 28 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 384-397
John 18:36On Order 1.32 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence386–387
John 18:36Homilies on Matthew 6.1 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:36Homilies on Matthew 86.1 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
John 18:36Sermon 200.2 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 391-430
John 18:36The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:36The Harmony of the Gospels 4.15 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:36The Harmony of the Gospels 4.19 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:36Tractates on the Gospel of John 115.2 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:36Tractates on the Gospel of John 116.1 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:36Retractations 1.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence426-427

John 18:37

“Then You are a king!” Pilate said. “You say that I am a king,” Jesus answered. “For this reason I was born and have come into the world, to testify to the truth. Everyone who belongs to the truth listens to My voice.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:37Oration II Against the Arians 54 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
John 18:37Against Arius 1.15 · Marius Victorinusquotation, high confidenceca. 357–362
John 18:37On the Christian Faith 2.12 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 378–380
John 18:37On Joseph 67 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390
John 18:37Letters 18.7 · Paulinus of Nolaecho, medium confidenceca. 394–413
John 18:37The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:37The Harmony of the Gospels 4.19 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:37Tractates on the Gospel of John 115.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420
John 18:37Tractates on the Gospel of John 115.4 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:38

“What is truth?” Pilate asked. And having said this, he went out again to the Jews and told them, “I find no basis for a charge against Him.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:38Letter to Marcellinus 27 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceuncertain, after 335
John 18:38Question 65, section 1 · Ambrosiasterquotation, high confidenceca. 370–384
John 18:38Apostolic Constitutions 5.14.10 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
John 18:38The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:38–40Tractates on the Gospel of John 115.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 406–420

John 18:39

But it is your custom that I release to you one prisoner at the Passover. So then, do you want me to release to you the King of the Jews?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:39The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:39–40Part 2, chapter 8 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 445-450

John 18:40

“Not this man,” they shouted, “but Barabbas!” (Now Barabbas was an insurrectionist.)

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
John 18:40Commentary on John 28.233 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
John 18:40Exposition of Psalm 118 20.27.1 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
John 18:40Exposition of Psalm 118 20.38.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
John 18:40The Harmony of the Gospels 3.35 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 399–400
John 18:40Apology against Jerome 2.12 · Rufinus of Aquileiaquotation, high confidenceca. 401
John 18:40Tractates on the Gospel of John 31.11 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 406–420