1 Timothy 5 in the early church
426 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Timothy 5, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25
1 Timothy 5:1
Do not rebuke an older man, but appeal to him as to a father. Treat younger men as brothers,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:1 | The Instructor 2.10.90 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| 1 Tim 5:1 | On Prayer 28.2 · Origen | echo, low confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| 1 Tim 5:1–2 | Moral Rules (Moralia) 71 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-370 |
| 1 Tim 5:1–2 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:1–2 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:1 | On Christian Doctrine 4.16 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
| 1 Tim 5:1–2 | On Christian Doctrine 4.20 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
1 Timothy 5:2
older women as mothers, and younger women as sisters, with absolute purity.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:2 | The Instructor 2.10.90 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| 1 Tim 5:2 | Letter 60.10 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:2 | Letter 123.14 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
1 Timothy 5:3
Honor the widows who are truly widows.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:3 | To the Smyrnaeans 13.1 · Ignatius of Antioch | echo, low confidence | ca. 110 (range ca. 105–135) |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | The Instructor 3.12.97 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | PG 12:1289 (Ps 27–28 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | To Quirinus 3.74 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | Long recension, Polycarp 4 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | later 4th century (probable) |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | Long recension, Hero 3 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | later 4th century (probable) |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:3 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:3–4 | Letter 64.2 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | Letter 123.5 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:3–10 | Apostolic Constitutions 3.3.1 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | On Widows, chapter 2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 377 |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | Homily 15.2 on 1 Timothy · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| 1 Tim 5:3 | On the Christian Life 15 · Fastidius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 411-430 |
1 Timothy 5:4
But if a widow has children or grandchildren, they must first learn to show godliness to their own family and repay their parents, for this is pleasing in the sight of God.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:4 | Homilies on Leviticus 11.3 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Tim 5:4 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:4 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:4 | Letter 123.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:4 | On Widows, chapter 2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 377 |
| 1 Tim 5:4 | Letter 130.5 · Augustine of Hippo | echo, medium confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| 1 Tim 5:4 | Homily 14.1 on 1 Timothy · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| 1 Tim 5:4 | Confessions 9.22 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 397–401 |
| 1 Tim 5:4 | On the Christian Life 15 · Fastidius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 411-430 |
1 Timothy 5:5
The widow who is truly in need and left all alone puts her hope in God and continues night and day in her petitions and prayers.
1 Timothy 5:6
But she who lives for pleasure is dead even while she is still alive.
1 Timothy 5:7
Give these instructions to the believers, so that they will be above reproach.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:7 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:7 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
1 Timothy 5:8
If anyone does not provide for his own, and especially his own household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.
1 Timothy 5:9
A widow should be enrolled if she is at least sixty years old, faithful to her husband,
1 Timothy 5:10
and well known for good deeds such as bringing up children, entertaining strangers, washing the feet of the saints, imparting relief to the afflicted, and devoting herself to every good work.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Fragment 18 (Hypotyposes 7; on 1 Tim 5:10) · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | late 2nd-early 3rd century |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | To His Wife 2.4 · Tertullian | echo, medium confidence | ca. 200–206 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Commentary on John 32.132 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Homily on Isaiah 6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Commentary on Romans 10.20 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Apostolic Church Order 21 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 300 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Canons of Hippolytus, canon 30 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 4th century |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Oration 26.7 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Homilies 8.4 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Letter 79.7 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Letter 123.3 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Letter 125.15 · Jerome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | On Widows, chapter 2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 377 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | To a Young Widow, section 2 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380-386 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Homily 14.2 on 1 Timothy · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Homily 14.5 on 1 Timothy · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Confessions 5.17 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, low confidence | ca. 397–401 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Confessions 9.22 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397–401 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 58.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | On the Christian Life 15 · Fastidius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 411-430 |
| 1 Tim 5:10 | On 1 Tim 5.10 · Theodoret of Cyrus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 436-448 |
1 Timothy 5:11
But refuse to enroll younger widows. For when their passions draw them away from Christ, they will want to marry,
1 Timothy 5:12
and thus will incur judgment because they are setting aside their first faith.
1 Timothy 5:13
At the same time they will also learn to be idle, going from house to house and being not only idle, but also gossips and busybodies, discussing things they should not mention.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:13 | To His Wife 1.8 · Tertullian | echo, medium confidence | ca. 200–206 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Homilies on Exodus 13.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Commentary on Romans 8.10 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:13 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Letter 22.29 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Letter 123.17 · Jerome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Letter 128.4 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Apostolic Constitutions 3.5.1 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Apostolic Constitutions 3.6.4 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | On not marrying again, section 3 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380-386 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | On the Work of Monks 26 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | On the Good of Marriage 30 · Augustine of Hippo | echo, medium confidence | 401 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | On Holy Virginity 34 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 401 |
| 1 Tim 5:13 | Commonitory 7 · Vincent of Lérins | quotation, high confidence | 434 |
1 Timothy 5:14
So I advise the younger widows to marry, have children, and manage their households, denying the adversary occasion for slander.
1 Timothy 5:15
For some have already turned aside to follow Satan.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Miscellanies 3.12.89 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Homilies on Exodus 10.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Letter 54.15 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Letter 77.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Letter 79.10 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Letter 123.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Letter 123.4 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Apostolic Constitutions 8.46.4 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Against Jovinianus 1.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | 393 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 27.8 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 406–420 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | On the Good of Widowhood 11 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 414 |
| 1 Tim 5:15 | On Adulterous Marriages 2.12 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–421 |
1 Timothy 5:16
If any believing woman has dependent widows, she must assist them and not allow the church to be burdened, so that it can help the widows who are truly in need.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:16 | Oration II Against the Arians 6 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| 1 Tim 5:16 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:16 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:16 | Letter 79.7 · Jerome | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:16 | Letter 123.5 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:16 | Apostolic Constitutions 2.63.1 · Anonymous | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Tim 5:16 | On the Duties of the Clergy 2.15 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
| 1 Tim 5:16–21 | Homily 15.2 on 1 Timothy · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| 1 Tim 5:16 | Section 2 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 392-397 |
| 1 Tim 5:16 | Against Adimantus, a Disciple of Mani 24 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 394 |
| 1 Tim 5:16 | Tractates on the Gospel of John 62.5 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 406–420 |
1 Timothy 5:17
Elders who lead effectively are worthy of double honor, especially those who work hard at preaching and teaching.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:17 | On Fasting 17 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 210–220 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | Canons of Hippolytus, canon 9 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 4th century |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | Commentary on 1 Thessalonians 5:12–13 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:17 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | Letter 123.5 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | Apostolic Constitutions 2.28.4 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | Homily 1 · Gregory of Nyssa | quotation, high confidence | ca. 379–394 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | On Joseph 46 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | Sermon 71.22 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | On Christian Doctrine 4.30 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
| 1 Tim 5:17 | Sermon on the Life of Honoratus 16 · Hilary of Arles | allusion, high confidence | ca. 430 |
1 Timothy 5:18
For the Scripture says, “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain,” and, “The worker is worthy of his wages.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:18 | Didache 13.2 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 50–150 (often ca. 100) |
| 1 Tim 5:18 | Miscellanies 2.18.94 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| 1 Tim 5:18 | Apostolic Church Order 12 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 300 |
| 1 Tim 5:18 | Homilies 3.71 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| 1 Tim 5:18–19 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:18 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:18 | Letter 66.8 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:18 | Apostolic Constitutions 2.25.1 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Tim 5:18 | On Christian Doctrine 2.10 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | Books 1–3 ca. 396–397; completed 426–427 |
1 Timothy 5:19
Do not entertain an accusation against an elder, except on the testimony of two or three witnesses.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:19 | Sentences of Sextus 259 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | 2nd-early 3rd cent. |
| 1 Tim 5:19 | To Quirinus 3.76 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| 1 Tim 5:19 | Canon 2 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | 325 |
| 1 Tim 5:19–20 | Moral Rules (Moralia) 70 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-370 |
| 1 Tim 5:19 | Letter 27.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:19 | Letter 125.19 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:19 | Apostolic Constitutions 2.21.1 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Tim 5:19 | Canons on the Letters of Paul 46 · Priscillian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–400 |
| 1 Tim 5:19 | Canon 6 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 390 |
1 Timothy 5:20
But those who persist in sin should be rebuked in front of everyone, so that the others will stand in fear of sin.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:20 | On Proverbs, fragment 27 · Hippolytus of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200–235 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | On Dice-Players 4 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Homilies on Joshua 7.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Commentary on Matthew 16.8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | To Quirinus 3.77 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| 1 Tim 5:20–21 | On Not Sparing Those Who Sin against God 19 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:20 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Letter 27.3 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Letter 125.19 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Letter 95.3 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Homilies on Matthew 23.1 · John Chrysostom | quotation, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Sermon 82.8 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Sermon 82.9 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Sermon 83.8 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 391-430 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | Against the Letter of Parmenian 2.41 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | City of God 15.6 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | On Faith and Works 4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 413 |
| 1 Tim 5:20 | On Rebuke and Grace 16 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 427 |
1 Timothy 5:21
I solemnly charge you before God and Christ Jesus and the elect angels to maintain these principles without bias, and to do nothing out of partiality.
1 Timothy 5:22
Do not be too quick in the laying on of hands and thereby share in the sins of others. Keep yourself pure.
1 Timothy 5:23
Stop drinking only water and use a little wine instead, because of your stomach and your frequent ailments.
1 Timothy 5:24
The sins of some men are obvious, going ahead of them to judgment; but the sins of others do not surface until later.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:24 | Homilies on Ezekiel 2.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| 1 Tim 5:24 | On the Singleness of Clerics 33 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| 1 Tim 5:24 | Commentary on Romans 2.5 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 1 Tim 5:24–25 | Commentary on 1 Timothy 5:24–25 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Tim 5:24 | Letter 4.1 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:24–25 | Letter 54.8 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Tim 5:24 | Apology of the Prophet David 24 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| 1 Tim 5:24 | Exposition of Psalm 118 20.40.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| 1 Tim 5:24 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.47.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| 1 Tim 5:24–25 | The Lord's Sermon on the Mount 2.18 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 393–396 |
| 1 Tim 5:24 | Sermon 125 · Peter Chrysologus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 425-450 |
1 Timothy 5:25
In the same way, good deeds are obvious, and even the ones that are inconspicuous cannot remain hidden.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Tim 5:25 | Homilies on Ezekiel 2.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| 1 Tim 5:25 | On the Singleness of Clerics 33 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 3rd cent. (disputed) |
| 1 Tim 5:25 | Apology of the Prophet David 24 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 384-390 |
| 1 Tim 5:25 | Exposition of Psalm 118 20.40.3 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |