Exposition on 1 Timothy preface–5.25 (Exposition on 1 Timothy)

Pelagius

Exposition on 1 Timothy preface–5.25

Pelagius · Exposition on 1 Timothy · ca. 405–410 · Rome · 67 passages

Latin text: Souter, TS 9.2 (Latin text: A. Souter (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); OCR of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam scan, read by Tesseract).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).

BothSource textEnglish

Show only the passage I followed

Argumentum (prefatory note)

0Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:474

Hie episcopus fuit discipulus apostoli [Pauli]: hu[i]c per litteras dat auctoritatem corrigendi omnem ecclesiasticam disciplinam et episcopos ac diaconos ordinandi, praeterea instruit eum quo modo pseudo-apostolis sibi detrahentibus respondeat, rationem reddens quod non sit mirum, si ipse ex-persecutore saluatus sit, cum Christus peccatores [omnes] uenerit liberare. ad extremum aliter docentes monet esse uitandos.

He was a bishop, a disciple of the apostle. By letter Paul gives him authority to correct all church discipline and to ordain bishops and deacons; besides this he instructs him how to answer the false apostles who were disparaging him, giving the reason why it is no wonder if he, a former persecutor, was saved, since Christ came to set sinners free. Finally he warns that those who teach otherwise are to be avoided.

Notes and citation

Summary: Pelagius's argument: Paul gives Bishop Timothy authority over church discipline and ordination and arms him against false teachers.

Souter brackets "Paul" and "all"; omitted.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. pref. (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:474; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/0). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/0

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-0) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

Chapter 1

1.1Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:474

Paulus apostolus Iesu C[h]risti. Auctoritas [et] nominis et officii praenotatur propter eos quibus erat responsurus. Secundum imperium dei saluatoris nostri [et] Iesu Christi, spei nostrae . Non secundum meam praesumptionem : simul [et] patris ac filii unum imperium demonstratur.

"Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ." The authority both of his name and of his office is set out first, because of those to whom he was going to reply. "According to the command of God our Saviour and of Jesus Christ, our hope." Not according to my own presumption; at the same time the one command of Father and Son is shown.

1 Tim 1:1 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul asserts his apostolic authority, given by the one command of Father and Son.

Souter brackets "and" twice; the second is in the lemma and is translated because the comment requires it.

Topics: Trinity

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.1 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:474; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-1

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-1) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.2Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:474–475

Timotheo dilecto Jilio in fide. In fide filio, non in carne. Gratia , misericordia [et] pax a deo patre [ nostro ] et Christo Iesu domino nostro . Gratis misericordiam consecuti, reconciliati sumus deo.

"To Timothy, beloved son in the faith." A son in faith, not in the flesh. "Grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord." Having freely obtained mercy, we have been reconciled to God.

1 Tim 1:2 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Timothy is Paul's son in faith; mercy freely given reconciles us to God.

Souter brackets "and" and "our"; omitted.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.2 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:474–475; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-2

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-2) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.3Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:475

Sicut rogaui te, [ut sustineres Ephesi , cum irem in Macedoniam ,] ut denuntiares quibusdam ne aliter docerent. Quos in Actibus dixerat ‘intraturos lupos non par[c]entes gregi.’

"As I asked you, to charge certain people not to teach otherwise." Those of whom he had said in the Acts that "wolves would come in, not sparing the flock."

1 Tim 1:3 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 20:29 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Timothy must stop false teachers, the wolves Paul foretold.

The quotation is Acts 20:29. Souter brackets "to remain at Ephesus when I went into Macedonia"; omitted.

Topics: Heresy

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.3 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:475; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-3

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-3) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.4Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:475

Neque in tendentes fabulis. Quas ‘deuterosim’ appellant: unde in euangelio ‘docentes doctrinas hominum, condemnantur. Et genealogiis interminatis. Generationibus antiquorum, in quibus sibi summam scientiae uindicant, si omnes ab initio generationes enumerent. Quae quaestiones praestant magis quam aedificationem dei , quae est in fide. Tam deuterosis contrarietas quam generationum sollicitudo superflua.

"Nor give heed to fables." Those which they call deuteroseis; hence in the gospel those "teaching the doctrines of men" are condemned. "And endless genealogies." The generations of the ancients, in which they claim for themselves the height of knowledge if they enumerate all the generations from the beginning. "Which furnish questions rather than the edification of God which is in faith." Both the contradictions of the deuteroseis and the superfluous concern with generations.

1 Tim 1:4 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 15:9 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The fables are the Jewish traditions (deuteroseis) and genealogies, which breed disputes.

Deuteroseis: the Jewish oral traditions (the "second law"). The quotation is Matt 15:9.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray mark): Tam deuterosis contrarietas quam generationum . sollicitudo → Tam deuterosis contrarietas quam generationum sollicitudo.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.4 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:475; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-4

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-4) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.5Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:475–476

Finis autem praecepti[s ] [est] caritas de corde puro . Caritas cdei’ et ‘proximi, in’ qua ‘tota lex pendet et prophetae’: haec si [de] corde puro sit, difficile delinquere poterimus. Et conscientia bona. Ut conscientia tua testimonium perhibeat caritati. Et fide non ficta. Est enim fides ficta, quae solo ore promittitur, et actu negatur.

"But the end of the commandment is love from a pure heart." Love "of God" and "of neighbour," on which "the whole law and the prophets depend": if this is from a pure heart, we shall hardly be able to sin. "And a good conscience." That your conscience may bear witness to your love. "And faith unfeigned." For there is a feigned faith, which is promised by the mouth alone and denied in act.

1 Tim 1:5 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 22:40 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The goal of the commandment is love of God and neighbour from a pure heart, with a faith shown in deeds.

The quotation is Matt 22:37–40. Souter brackets "-s", "is", and "from"; omitted.

Topics: Ethics

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.5 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:475–476; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-5

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-5) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.6Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:476

A quibus quidam aberrantes conuersi sunt in tumiloquium ,

"From which some, having strayed, have turned aside to vain talk,"

1 Tim 1:6 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Tim 1:6.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.6 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:476; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-6

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-6) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.7Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:476–477

uolentes esse legis doctor es, non intellegentes neque quote loquuntur neque de quibus adfirmant. est lex, quae contraria sunt caelestibus institutis. quid ergo ibi quaerunt quod [etiam] hie habent? simul ut legem euangeliis concordare demonstret. Gloriae beati dei. Per quod glorificatur deus. Quod creditum est mihi. Ne dicerent aduersarii: “ Quis enim erat ille cui euangelium crederetur ? ” [ait :]

"wanting to be teachers of the law, understanding neither what they say nor what they affirm." ... is the law, which are contrary to the heavenly institutions. Why then do they seek there what they have here too? At the same time, so as to show that the law agrees with the gospels. "Of the glory of the blessed God." Through which God is glorified. "Which was entrusted to me." Lest the adversaries say: "Who was he, that the gospel should be entrusted to him?" he says:

Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.

1 Tim 1:7 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 1:11 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The would-be teachers of the law misunderstand it; the law agrees with the gospel entrusted to Paul.

Text is lost here: the rest of the comment on 1:7 and the lemmas and comments of 1:8–10 and the start of 1:11 are missing; "..." marks the gap. Souter brackets "also" and "he says"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (words run together): Quis enim eratille → Quis enim erat ille.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.7 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:476–477; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-7

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-7) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.12Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:477

[Et] gratias ago ei qui me confortauit [in] Christo Iesu domino nostro . Cum essem inutilis et infirmus. Qui[a] fidelem me existimauit ponens in ministerio ,

"I thank him who strengthened me in Christ Jesus our Lord." When I was useless and weak. "Because he judged me faithful, putting me into the ministry,"

1 Tim 1:12 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul thanks Christ, who strengthened him and made him a minister.

Souter brackets "And", "in", and a letter; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Qui[a] Jiddem me → Qui[a] fidelem me.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.12 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:477; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-12

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-12) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.13Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:477

qui prius fui blasphemus et persecutor et contumdiosus. ‘lustus in primordio accusator est sui, ut statim, cum c[o]eperit aduersarius, confundatur. ’ Sed misericordiam consecutus sum quia ignorans feci. Leuius esse peccaturn ignora[n]tiae demonstratur. In incredulitate. Qui[a] non credens intellegere non ualebam.

"who was before a blasphemer and a persecutor and insolent." "The righteous man is his own accuser at the beginning, so that, when the adversary begins, he may be put to shame." "But I obtained mercy because I acted in ignorance." It is shown that the sin of ignorance is lighter. "In unbelief." Because, not believing, I was not able to understand.

1 Tim 1:13 (quotation, high confidence) · Prov 18:17 (quotation, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul accuses himself first; his sins were done in ignorance, which is lighter.

The quotation is Prov 18:17 in its Old Latin form.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (word split; words run together): qui priusfui → qui prius fui; Sed miseri cordiam → Sed misericordiam.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.13 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:477; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-13

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-13) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.14Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:477

Superabundauit autem gratia domini nostri cum fide et dilectione quae est in Christo [Iesu]. Ubi ante iniquitas abunda[ue]rat, et statim, ut credidi, amplius coepi diligere Christum, qui mihi magna peccata dimisit.

"And the grace of our Lord superabounded with faith and love which is in Christ." Where iniquity had abounded before; and at once, as I believed, I began to love Christ more, who forgave me great sins.

1 Tim 1:14 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 5:20 (allusion, medium confidence) · Luke 7:47 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Grace overflowed where sin had abounded, and Paul loved Christ more for being forgiven much.

"Where sin abounded": Rom 5:20; loving much for much forgiven: Luke 7:47. Souter brackets "Jesus"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Superabundant autem gratia → Superabundauit autem gratia.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.14 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:477; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-14

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-14) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.15Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:477–478

Fidelis sermo et omni acceptione dignus . Quern omnes credant et omnium conscientiae uerum esse cognoscant. Quia Christus Iesus uenit in [hunc] mundum peccatores saluos facere. Ergo et me saluauit inter ceteros peccatores: tunc enim [merito] mihi de peccatis praeiudicaretux, si solos iustos uocare uenisset. Quorum pnmus ego sum. Hie c sum 9 pro fui 9 ponitur, si cut 6 Mat[t]heus dicitur c publicanus/ cum iam Chnsti esset apostolus.

"A faithful saying and worthy of all acceptance." Which all should believe and all consciences recognize to be true. "That Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners." So he saved me too among the other sinners: for then a prejudgement might have been made against me on account of my sins, if he had come to call only the righteous. "Of whom I am the first." Here "I am" is put for "I was," as Matthew is called "the tax collector" when he was already an apostle of Christ.

1 Tim 1:15 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 9:13 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 10:3 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Christ came to save sinners, so Paul, the foremost sinner, was saved too.

"To call the righteous": Matt 9:13. Matthew: Matt 10:3. Souter brackets "this" and "rightly"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slips): Quia Christuo lesus uenit in [hunc] mundum peccatores salieos facere → Quia Christus Iesus uenit in [hunc] mundum peccatores saluos facere.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.15 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:477–478; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-15

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-15) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.16Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:478

Sed ideo misericordiam con secutus sum. Ut Dauid [ait]: ‘ docebo iniquos uias tuas, et impii ad te conuertentur.’ si mihi uiderint indulta peccata, tunc docebo neminem desperare debere. Ut in me \primo\ ostenderet Christus Iesus omnem patientiam . Qua[e] etiam persecutoribus conuersis non solum indulget, sed etiam confert apostolatus honorem. Ad informationem eorum qui credituri sunt illi in uitam aeternam . Ad exemplum, ut nemo desperet.

"But for this reason I obtained mercy." As David says: "I will teach the wicked your ways, and the ungodly will be converted to you." If they see that my sins have been forgiven, then I will teach that no one ought to despair. "That in me Christ Jesus might show all patience." Which not only pardons persecutors who are converted but also confers on them the honour of apostleship. "For an example to those who are to believe in him unto eternal life." For an example, so that no one may despair.

1 Tim 1:16 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 51:13 (50:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul's forgiveness is an example that no one should despair.

The quotation is Ps 51:13 (50:15 LXX). Souter brackets "says" and "first"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slips): Ad deformationem eorum qui credituri suntJUU → Ad informationem eorum qui credituri sunt illi.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.16 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:478; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-16

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-16) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.17Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:478

Regi autem saeculorum inmortali inuisibili soli deo honor et gloria in saecula saeculorum. [amen.\ Qui mihi ueniam tribuit non merenti : rex enim parui temporis et mortalis ac uisibilis et capax consortia honorem et gloriam temporalem habere potest, non tamen sempitemam.

"Now to the King of the ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honour and glory for ever and ever." Who granted me pardon though I did not deserve it: for a king of a short time, mortal and visible and capable of sharing, can have temporal honour and glory, but not everlasting.

1 Tim 1:17 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul praises the eternal King, who forgave him undeservedly.

Souter brackets "Amen"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Qui milii ueniam → Qui mihi ueniam.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.17 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:478; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-17

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-17) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.18Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:478–479

Hoc praeceptum commendo tibi,fiM Timothee. Hue usque de statu suo, quo modo aduersariis responderet. hinc dat auctoritatem ordinandi, [docendi]que praeceptum commendat. Secundum praecedentes in te prophetias . Secundum quod etiam ante hoc officium habebas gratiam prophetandi. Ut milites in illis bonam militi&m. Bona militia est in qua contra diabolum et uitia militatur.

"This command I commit to you, son Timothy." Up to here he has spoken of his own state, how he should reply to the adversaries; from here he gives authority for ordaining and commits the command of teaching. "According to the prophecies that went before concerning you." According to which you had the grace of prophesying even before this office. "That by them you may wage the good warfare." Good warfare is that in which one fights against the devil and the vices.

1 Tim 1:18 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul gives Timothy authority to ordain and urges him to fight the devil and vice.

Souter brackets "-que" ("and of teaching"); the sense with it is translated. Leaked apparatus was removed from the text.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (apparatus): contra diabolum 2 Matth. z 3 4 Pa. 1 15 ct uitia → contra diabolum et uitia.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.18 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:478–479; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-18

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-18) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.19Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:479

Habens fidem. Pro armis fidem in Christo perfectam. Et bonam conscientiam . Implendo quod doces. Quam quidam repdlentes circa fidem naufragauerunt . Male uiuendo ipsam quoque fidem perdiderant quam habere uidebantur, iam uitia sua etiam defendentes.

"Having faith." As armour, perfect faith in Christ. "And a good conscience." By fulfilling what you teach. "Which some, rejecting, have made shipwreck concerning the faith." By living badly they had also lost the faith itself that they seemed to have, now even defending their vices.

1 Tim 1:19 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Living badly destroys even the faith one seemed to have.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.19 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:479; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-19

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-19) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.20Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:479

Ex quibus est Hymeneus et Alexander . Qui amore[m] uitiorum ad haeresim transierunt. Quos tradidi Satanae, ut discard non blasphemare. In interitum camis/ ut ex praesenti correptione discant futurum iudicium non negare, ad emendandum sunt traditi, non ad perdendum.

"Among whom are Hymenaeus and Alexander." Who through love of vices passed over to heresy. "Whom I have delivered to Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme." For the destruction of the flesh, so that from present correction they may learn not to deny the future judgement; they were handed over for amendment, not for destruction.

1 Tim 1:20 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 5:5 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Hymenaeus and Alexander were handed to Satan for correction, not destruction.

"For the destruction of the flesh": 1 Cor 5:5.

Topics: Heresy

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 1.20 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:479; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/1-20

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-1-20) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

Chapter 2

2.1Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:479

Primum ergo omnium hortare fieri [obsecrationes]. [Obsecratio impensior est oratio. Ora Hones , in graiiarum actionem ]. Pro eo quod nos dignos fecit etiam pro aliis impetrare. Pro omnibus hominibus . Etiam pro his qui nos persequuntur et tribulant.

"First of all, then, I urge that be made." For his having made us worthy to obtain things even for others. "For all men." Even for those who persecute and afflict us.

1 Tim 2:1 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Christians must pray for all, even persecutors.

Souter brackets "supplications", the comment "Supplication is a more earnest prayer", and the lemma words "prayers, thanksgivings"; omitted, so the lemma breaks off. The first comment explains "thanksgivings".

Topics: Prayer

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.1 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:479; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-1

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-1) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.2Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:479–480

Pro regibus et omnibus qui in sublimitate sunt. Ut cognoscant deum. Siue: Ut subiectas habeant gentes: in illorum enim pace] quies et] tranquillitas nostra consistit, sed et si Christiani flint, persecutionis a nobis [et per]turbatio et omnis inquietudo cessabit. Ut quietam et tranquiUam uitam agamus in omni pietate et castitate . Ad hoc nos unit esse quietos, ut pietati et castitati, non dissensioni atque luxoriae tranquillitas nostra proficiat.

"For kings and all who are in high places." That they may know God. Or: that they may hold the nations subject: for our quiet and tranquillity depends on their peace; and if they become Christians, persecution and all disturbance and unrest will cease for us. "That we may lead a quiet and tranquil life in all godliness and chastity." He wants us to be quiet for this purpose, that our tranquillity may serve godliness and chastity, not dissension and luxury.

1 Tim 2:2 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Prayer for rulers secures peace, which must serve godliness, not luxury.

Topics: Prayer, Persecution

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.2 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:479–480; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-2

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-2) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.3Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:480

Hoc enim bonum est et acceptum coram salutari nostro deo. Ut ei quieti in sanctis operibus seruiamus.

"For this is good and acceptable before God our Saviour." That we may serve him quietly in holy works.

1 Tim 2:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: God wants believers to serve him quietly in holy works.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.3 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:480; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-3

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-3) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.4Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:480

Qui omnes homines uutt saluos fieri . Hinc probatur deum nemini ad credendum uim inferre nec tollere arbitrii libertatem ; sed et illut hoc loco soluitur de induratione Fharaonis et cetera huius[ce] modi obiectio quaestionum. Et ad agnitionem ueritatis uenire . Si ipsi tamen uoca[n]ti deo consentire uoluerint.

"Who wills all men to be saved." Hence it is proved that God forces no one to believe and does not take away freedom of choice; and here too the objection about the hardening of Pharaoh and other questions of this kind are resolved. "And to come to the knowledge of the truth." If only they themselves are willing to consent to God who calls.

1 Tim 2:4 (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 9:12 (allusion, medium confidence) · Rom 9:18 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: God wills all to be saved but forces no one, leaving free choice intact.

Pharaoh's hardening: Exod 9:12; Rom 9:17–18. Pelagius's argument that God does not take away freedom of choice is translated exactly.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.4 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:480; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-4

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-4) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.6Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:480–481

Unus enim deus. Unus deus pater et filius et spiritus sanctus: id est, una in tribus personis natura [est] deitatis [et nequis illi[s] diceret: Square solus Christus hoc meruit? ” respondit quia unus deberet esse mediator, sicut unus est deus], Unus et mediator dei et hominum , homo Christus lesus. Sicut unus deus, ita et unus est mediator inter deum et homines uniuersos: hoc est, nullus alius talis, nec Moses, nec ali[us]quis prophetarum, quia [h]is et homo erat et deus: sed, quia de tradito erat dicturus, ideo hominem solum modo nominauit. Qui dedit semet ipsum redemptionem pro nobis . Hie se pro omnibus dedit, si omnes redimi uelint. [Cuius] testimonium temporibus suis [datum est\. In testimonium generi humano sanctae uitae dedit exemplum, quia et prophetae suis testimonium fuere temporibus: c nouissime autem misit suum filium ad colonos.’

"For there is one God." One God, Father and Son and Holy Spirit: that is, one nature of Godhead in three persons. "And one mediator of God and men, the man Christ Jesus." As there is one God, so there is one mediator between God and all men: that is, no other such, neither Moses nor any of the prophets, because he was both man and God; but since he was going to speak of his being handed over, he named only the man. "Who gave himself as a redemption for us." He gave himself for all, if all are willing to be redeemed. "The testimony in its own times." As a testimony he gave the human race an example of holy life, since the prophets too were a testimony to their own times: "but last of all he sent his own son to the tenants."

1 Tim 2:6 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 2:5 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 21:37 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The one God is three persons in one nature; Christ, God and man, is the one mediator who gave himself for all who will be redeemed.

The section includes the lemma of 2:5. The quotation is Matt 21:37. Souter brackets "is", the words "and lest anyone say to them, 'Why did Christ alone merit this?', he answered that there ought to be one mediator, as there is one God", "Whose", and "was given"; omitted. "If all are willing to be redeemed" is translated exactly.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slips; stray verse number): TJnus enim dens. Unus deus pater et filina → Unus enim deus. Unus deus pater et filius; 0 Qui dedit → Qui dedit.

Topics: Trinity, Christology

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.6 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:480–481; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-6

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-6) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.7Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:481

In quo positus sum ego praedicator et apostolus . In quo testimonio. Siue : Christo. Ueritaiem dieo [in Christo Iesu\ , non mentior , doctor gentium in Jide et ueritate :

"For which I was appointed a preacher and an apostle." For which testimony. Or: for Christ. "I speak the truth, I do not lie, a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth:"

1 Tim 2:7 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul was appointed preacher and apostle of the Gentiles.

Souter brackets "in Christ Jesus"; omitted.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.7 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:481; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-7

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-7) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.8Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:481–482

uolo ergo uiros ora/re in omni loco. Ut magister gentium dat legem orandi, ut auctoritate[s] saluatoris [ut] neque in monte neque [in] Hierosolymis aliquis orandi eligat locum, sed in spiritu qui ubique nobiscum est. intellegitur sane hoc loco de hac causa a Iudaeis motam fuisse quaestionem, qui in templo orari solum modo Hierosolimis cupiebant. Leuantes puras manus sine ira et disceptatione . A[c] c[a]ede et sanguine [opera mala] omnique opere malo: testimonium enim innocentiae est manuum eleuatio. non solum autem manus ab opere purae sint, sed etiam mens ab ira et a disceptationis cogitatu, quia ita sibi dimitti petit, sicut [et] ipse dimittit, et nemo aliquit impetrare potest talia cogitando.

"I will therefore that men pray in every place." As teacher of the Gentiles he gives a law of praying, so that, by the Saviour's authority, no one should choose a place of prayer either on the mountain or in Jerusalem, but in the Spirit, who is with us everywhere. It is understood that in this passage a question had been raised by the Jews on this matter, who wanted prayer to be made only in the temple at Jerusalem. "Lifting up pure hands, without anger and disputing." From slaughter and blood and every evil work: for the lifting of the hands is a testimony of innocence. Not only should the hands be pure from deeds, but the mind also from anger and from the thought of disputing, because one asks to be forgiven as he himself forgives, and no one can obtain anything while thinking such things.

1 Tim 2:8 (quotation, high confidence) · John 4:21 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 6:12 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Prayer may be offered anywhere, with hands clean of evil and a mind free of anger.

The Saviour's word on the place of prayer: John 4:21–24. "As he forgives": Matt 6:12. Souter brackets "as", "in", and "evil deeds"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (hyphenation and OCR slips): dis- ceP[taJfcionis cogitatu → disceptationis cogitatu.

Topics: Prayer

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.8 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:481–482; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-8

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-8) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.9Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482

Mulieres similiter. In omnibus quae dixi de uiris. In habitu ordinato. Honesto [et] conuenienti naturae. Cum uerecundia et sobrietate omantes se. Haec sunt omamenta feminae Christianae. Non in tortis crinibus . Non debe[n]t occasionem dare concupiscentiae. Aut auto aut margaritis. Quae terrae sunt partes, cuius est homo dominus institutus. Ud ueste pretiosa. Quae prae nimia suptilitate nec frigus arceat, et de cuius pretio plurimi uestiri eiusdem naturae homines potuissent.

"Women likewise." In all that I have said of the men. "In orderly dress." Honourable and fitting to nature. "Adorning themselves with modesty and sobriety." These are the ornaments of a Christian woman. "Not with braided hair." They ought not to give occasion to desire. "Or gold or pearls." Which are parts of the earth, of which man was appointed lord. "Or costly clothing." Which because of its excessive fineness does not even keep out the cold, and from whose price very many people of the same nature could have been clothed.

1 Tim 2:9 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Christian women should adorn themselves with modesty, not costly display that could clothe the poor.

Souter brackets "and"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; stray line number): Non in tortis cri[mi]nibus → Non in tortis crinibus; de cuius pretio xo plurimi → de cuius pretio plurimi.

Topics: Ethics

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.9 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-9

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-9) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.10Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482

Sed quod decet mulieres promittentes castitatem per bonam conuersationem . Ista ergo non [sunt] promittenthim, sed negantium castitatem. Mulier in silentio discat cum omni subiectione. Discat quidem, [sed] cum omni humilitate et tacitumitate.

"But what befits women professing chastity, through good conduct." These things, then, are not of women professing chastity but of those denying it. "Let a woman learn in silence with all subjection." Let her learn, indeed, but with all humility and silence.

1 Tim 2:10 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 2:11 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Display denies the chastity Christian women profess; women should learn in quiet humility.

The section includes the lemma of 2:11. The lemma reads "chastity" (castitatem) where the Vulgate has "godliness". Souter brackets "are" and "but"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray line number and OCR slip): ll MuUer in silentio → Mulier in silentio.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.10 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-10

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-10) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.12Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482

Docere autem mulieri non permitto. Publice non permittit: nam filium uel fratrem debet docere priuatim. Neque dominari supra uirum , sed esse in silentio . [Ne] magisterium [sibi] usurpando [superbiat], sed taceat in ecclesia.

"But I do not permit a woman to teach." He does not permit it publicly: for she ought to teach her son or brother privately. "Nor to have authority over the man, but to be in silence." But let her be silent in church.

1 Tim 2:12 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Women may not teach publicly in church, though they may teach their family privately.

Souter brackets "Lest", "for herself", and "be proud" ("lest she be proud by usurping the office of teacher"); omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Docere autem mulderi → Docere autem mulieri.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.12 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-12

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-12) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.13Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482

Adam enim primus foetus est , deinde Eua ,

"For Adam was formed first, then Eve,"

1 Tim 2:13 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 2:22 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Tim 2:13.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.13 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-13

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-13) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.14Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482–483

et Adam non est seductus9 mulier autem seducta [est\ Reddit causas cur eas uelit esse subiectas, scilicet quia et posteriores in factura sunt et priores in culpa. In praeucLriccUione fuit : salua enim erit per filiorum [ re]generationem . In praeuaricatione[m] mandati [fuit]: sed non ideo desperet mulier, quia per baptismum quod est filiorum dei generatio, et ipsa saluatur, non Eua, sed credens mulier; quia Eua ad exemplum adducta est creationis, non de ipsius salute proprie tractabatur. ceterum quo modo ‘iustitia iusti super ipsum erit/ et quo modo Noe [et] lob et Danihel filios suos minime liberabunt, si per filios Eua saluabitur? Si permanseri[ri]t. Sicut superius de plurali numero mulierum ad singularem transi[i]t dicens:

"and Adam was not deceived, but the woman was deceived." He gives the reasons why he wants them to be subject: namely, because they were both later in creation and first in guilt. "Was in the transgression: but she will be saved through the regeneration of sons." She was in the transgression of the command; but let a woman not despair on that account, because through baptism, which is the generation of the sons of God, she too is saved; not Eve, but the believing woman; for Eve was brought in as an example of creation, and it was not properly her own salvation that was being treated. Otherwise, how will "the righteousness of the righteous be upon himself," and how will Noah and Job and Daniel not deliver their own sons, if Eve is to be saved through her sons? "If she remains." As above he passed from the plural number of women to the singular, saying:

1 Tim 2:14 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 2:15 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 3:6 (allusion, high confidence) · Ezek 18:20 (quotation, high confidence) · Ezek 14:14 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Woman, first in guilt, is saved through baptism, the generation of God's sons, not through bearing children.

The section includes the lemma of 2:15. The lemma reads "regeneration of sons" (Vulgate "childbearing"). Quotations: Ezek 18:20; Ezek 14:14–20. Souter brackets "re-" and "fuit"; the translation keeps "regeneration", which the comment requires. The sentence continues in the next section.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray line numbers): fuit : 1 5 salua → fuit : salua.

Topics: Baptism

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.14 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:482–483; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-14

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-14) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.15Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:483

mulier in silentio discat, ' ita et hie redit ad pluralem. In fide et dilectione. Fide Christi et dilectione proximorum. Et san[c]tificatione cum sobrietate. Notandum quod sola fides ad salutem ei qui post baptismum superuixerit, non sufficiat, nisi sanctitatem [et] mentis et corporis habe[b]at, quae sine sobrietate difficile custoditur.

"Let a woman learn in silence," so here he returns to the plural. "In faith and love." Faith in Christ and love of neighbours. "And sanctification with sobriety." Note that faith alone does not suffice for salvation for one who has lived on after baptism, unless she has holiness both of mind and of body, which is hard to keep without sobriety.

1 Tim 2:15 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 2:11 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: For those living after baptism, faith alone does not suffice without holiness of mind and body.

This section continues the comment on 1 Tim 2:15; the staged reference 3.4 does not match its content (the following sections, staged as 4.1–4.16, comment on 1 Tim 3:1–16, and 5.1–5.5 on 1 Tim 4:1–5:5). Pelagius's statement that faith alone does not suffice after baptism is translated exactly.

Topics: Baptism

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 2.15 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:483; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/2-15

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-2-15) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

Chapter 3

3.1Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:483–484

Fidelis sermo est: episcopatum concupiscit. Prius laicos instituit, de quibus optimi quique in sacerdotium alleguntur, et sic dicit quales debea[n]t ordinari. Bonum ojms desiderat. Ad boni operis desiderium eum prouocat, non honoris.

"It is a faithful saying: he desires the episcopate." He first instructed the laity, from among whom all the best are chosen for the priesthood, and so he says what sort of men ought to be ordained. "He desires a good work." He spurs him to desire a good work, not honour.

1 Tim 3:1 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The episcopate is a good work to desire, not an honour.

This section comments on 1 Tim 3:1, though staged as 4.1.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.1 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:483–484; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-1

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-1) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.2Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:484

Oportet ergo huiusmodi inreprehensibilem esse . Qui ecclesiae princeps erit, quam idem apostolus ‘sine macula alibi definiuit. Unius uxoris uirum . Si illi nec hoc licet quod uel laico conceditur, multo magis ilia quae etiam [in] laico prohibentur. Sobrium, pudicum. Et mente et corpore. Omatum. His omnibus spiritaiibus omamentis. Hospitalem. Ut ad humanitatis opus cuncta plebs rectoris forma prouocetur. Doetorem. Ut tarn uerbo doceat quam exemplo: si enim omnes uult scire quo modo omnibus debeant respondere, quanto magis ‘ sacerdos de’ cuius ‘ ore legem exquirent, qui[a] angelus domini omnipotentis est’ !

"A bishop then must be blameless." He who will be the ruler of the church, which the same apostle elsewhere defined as "without spot." "The husband of one wife." If even what is granted to a layman is not lawful for him, much less those things which are forbidden even to a layman. "Sober, chaste." Both in mind and in body. "Adorned." With all these spiritual ornaments. "Hospitable." So that the whole people may be spurred to the work of kindness by the ruler's example. "A teacher." So that he teaches as much by word as by example: for if he wants all to know how they ought to answer everyone, how much more "the priest, from whose mouth they will seek the law, because he is the angel of the Lord almighty"!

1 Tim 3:2 (quotation, high confidence) · Eph 5:27 (quotation, high confidence) · Mal 2:7 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: A bishop must be blameless, married only once, chaste, hospitable, and a teacher by word and example.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:2 (staged as 4.2). "Without spot": Eph 5:27. "If even what is granted to a layman" refers to a second marriage, permitted to laymen but not to a bishop. The last quotation is Mal 2:7. Souter brackets "in"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray line numbers): sine macula1 5 7 9 10 11 15 alibi → sine macula alibi.

Topics: Church office, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.2 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:484; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-2

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-2) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.3Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:484–485

Non uinolentum. Ut fiducialiter possit corripere ebriosos. Non percussorem . Siue: Ne sit petulans ad c[a]edendum. Siue: Ne malo exemplo conscientias feriat infirmorum. Sed modestum . Qui omnia faciat cum mensura. Non litigiosum , non cupidum [diuitiarum]. ( Seruum domini non oportet litigare 9 : lites autem et iur[g]ia maxime de cupiditatibus oriuntur.

"Not given to wine." So that he can confidently rebuke drunkards. "Not a striker." Or: that he be not quick to strike. Or: that he not wound the consciences of the weak by bad example. "But moderate." Who does all things with measure. "Not quarrelsome, not covetous." "The servant of the Lord must not quarrel": and lawsuits and quarrels arise chiefly from desires.

1 Tim 3:3 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Tim 2:24 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: A bishop must be sober, gentle, moderate, peaceable, and free of greed.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:3 (staged as 4.3). The quotation is 2 Tim 2:24. Souter brackets "of riches"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (line numbers and hyphenation): con- 1 5 scientias → conscientias.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.3 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:484–485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-3

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-3) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.4Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:485

Suae domui bene praeesse, filios habentem subditos in omni castitate :

"One who rules his own house well, having children in subjection with all chastity:"

1 Tim 3:4 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Tim 3:4.

Staged as 4.4.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.4 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-4

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-4) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.5Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:485

siquis atUem domui suae prae-esse nescit, quo modo eeclesiae dei diligentiam habebit? Ipse in sequentibus exposuit. si filios in castitate et humilitate nutriuit, ut et hinc eius diligentia conprobetur: si enim paucos filios [suos] erudire nesciuit, quo modo tantos dei filios gubernabit, quorum mores secundum numerum sunt diuersi! uel qua fiducia qui indisciplinatos habet filios, ab aliis audebit exigere disciplinam!

"but if anyone does not know how to rule his own house, how will he take care of the church of God?" He himself explained it in what follows: if he has brought up his children in chastity and humility, so that his care may be proved by this too: for if he did not know how to teach a few children, how will he govern so many sons of God, whose characters are as various as their number! Or with what confidence will one who has undisciplined children dare to demand discipline from others!

1 Tim 3:5 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: One who cannot govern his own children cannot govern God's church.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:5 (staged as 4.5). Souter brackets "his"; omitted.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.5 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-5

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-5) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.6Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:485

Non neophitum , ne in superbia[m\ elatus, in iudidum inddat diaboli. Ne nuper renatus, cito possit per ignorantiam exaltari, et putet se non tarn ministerium humilitatis quam administrationem saecularis potestatis adeptum, et condemnationem superbi[ae] mereatur, sicut diabolus, qui est per iactantiam iudicatus atque deiectus.

"Not a neophyte, lest, lifted up with pride, he fall into the judgement of the devil." Lest, recently reborn, he may quickly be exalted through ignorance and think he has obtained not so much a ministry of humility as an administration of worldly power, and deserve condemnation for pride, like the devil, who was judged and cast down for boasting.

1 Tim 3:6 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: A new convert must not be made bishop, lest pride bring him the devil's condemnation.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:6 (staged as 4.6).

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray mark): Ne nuper v renatus → Ne nuper renatus.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.6 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:485; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-6

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-6) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.7Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:485–486

Oportet autem ilium et testimonium habere bonum ab his qui foris sunt . Ut sine offensione sit Iudaeis infidelibus atque Graecis et eeclesiae dei ; omnes enim norunt naturaliter culpare uitia et [naturaliter] laudare uirtutes. Ut non in opprobrium inddat , et [in] laqueum diaboli . ‘Ut non uituperetur ministerium nostrum/ et per ilium diabolus multos in laqueo teneat, qui poterant fieri Christiani.

"He must also have a good testimony from those who are outside." So that he may be without offence to the unbelieving Jews and Greeks and to the church of God; for all know by nature how to blame vices and praise virtues. "Lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil." "That our ministry be not blamed," and through him the devil hold many in his snare who could have become Christians.

1 Tim 3:7 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Cor 6:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: A bishop needs a good name even among outsiders, who by nature recognize virtue.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:7 (staged as 4.7). The quotation is 2 Cor 6:3. Souter brackets "by nature" (the second time) and "in"; omitted.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.7 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:485–486; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-7

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-7) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.8Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:486

Diaconi similiter . Similiter inreprehensibiles ut episcopi eligantur. quaeritur cur de pr[a]esbyteris nnllam fecerit mentionem, sed etiam ipsos in episcoporum nomine comprehendit, quia secundus, immo paene unus est gradus, sicut ad Philip[p]enses episcopis et diaconis scribit, cum una ciuitas plures episcopos habere non possit, et in Actibus [Apostolorum] pr[a]esbyteros ecclesiae iturus Hierosolymis congregauit, quibus inter cetera ait: ‘uidete gregem in quo uos spiritus sanctus episcopos ordinauit. ’ [Graues ,] pudicos. Continentes scilicet. Non bilingues. ‘Susurr[i]o et bilinguis multos turbauit pacem habentes.’ Non multo uino deditos. Concessit necessitati parum qui uoluntati amplius denegauit. Non turpe lucrum sectantes. Turpe lucrum est de caelestibus mysteriis terrena sectari.

"Deacons likewise." Likewise blameless, as the bishops, let them be chosen. It is asked why he made no mention of presbyters; but he includes them too under the name of bishops, because it is the second, indeed almost the same, rank, as he writes to the Philippians to the bishops and deacons, though one city cannot have several bishops; and in the Acts, when he was about to go to Jerusalem, he gathered the presbyters of the church, to whom he said among other things: "Look to the flock in which the Holy Spirit has ordained you bishops." "Chaste." That is, continent. "Not double-tongued." "The whisperer and double-tongued has troubled many who had peace." "Not given to much wine." He who refused more to desire granted a little to necessity. "Not pursuing shameful gain." Shameful gain is to pursue earthly things from heavenly mysteries.

1 Tim 3:8 (quotation, high confidence) · Phil 1:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 20:28 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Deacons must be chosen like bishops; presbyters are included under "bishops," being almost the same rank.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:8 (staged as 4.8). Philippians: Phil 1:1. Acts: Acts 20:17, 28. The other quotation is Sir 28:13 (Latin form). Souter brackets "of the Apostles" and "Grave"; omitted. Leaked line numbers were removed.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray line numbers): Similiter 1 4 inreprehensibiles 5 8 9 11 13 16 ut → Similiter inreprehensibiles ut.

Extrabiblical texts: Sir 28:13 (Sirach [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation)

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.8 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:486; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-8

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-8) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.9Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:486–487

Habentes mysterium [fidei] in conscientia pur a. Mysterium fidei est quod passio Christi redemptio est salutis humanae: si ergo intellegit pure, et non confunditur de humilitatibus Christi. Siue: Ut propter hoc solum praedicet mysterium fidei, propter quod debet praedicari, et non ultra debitum mysterii quaestum esse existimet pietatem.

"Holding the mystery of faith in a pure conscience." The mystery of faith is that Christ's passion is the redemption of human salvation: if then he understands this purely, he is also not ashamed of Christ's humiliations. Or: that he preach the mystery of faith only for that for which it ought to be preached, and not think godliness to be gain beyond what is due to the mystery.

1 Tim 3:9 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Deacons must hold the faith of Christ's redeeming passion purely, without profiting from it.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:9 (staged as 4.9). Souter brackets "of faith" in the lemma; the sense with it is translated.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.9 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:486–487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-9

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-9) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.10Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:487

Et hii [ autem ] probentur primo , et sic ministrent, sine crimine constituti. Non solum episcopi, sed et isti ante ordinationem probari debe[bu]nt.

"And let these also be tested first, and so let them minister, being found without crime." Not only bishops, but these too must be tested before ordination.

1 Tim 3:10 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Deacons too must be tested before ordination.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:10 (staged as 4.10). Souter brackets "but"; omitted.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.10 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-10

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-10) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.11Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:487

Mulieres similiter pudicas. Similiter eas ut diaconos eligi iubet: unde intellegitur quod de [h]is dicat, quas athuc hodie in oriente diaconissas appellant. Non detrahentes. Quod illi sexui praecipue dominatur. Sobrias , Jideles in omnibus . In nullo dubitantes.

"Women likewise chaste." He commands that they be chosen likewise as deacons: from which it is understood that he speaks of those whom even today in the East they call deaconesses. "Not slanderers." Which chiefly dominates that sex. "Sober, faithful in all things." Doubting in nothing.

1 Tim 3:11 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The "women" are deaconesses, still found in the East, to be chosen like deacons.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:11 (staged as 4.11).

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.11 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-11

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-11) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.12Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:487

Diacones sint unius uxoris uiri, quijiliis [sms] bene praesint et suis domesticis. Non ut, si non habuerint, ducant, sed ne duas habuerint: si enim digniorem facit uxor, cur non magis et digami et trigami ordinentur?

"Let deacons be husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own households well." Not that, if they have not had one, they should marry, but that they should not have had two: for if a wife makes one worthier, why should not men married twice and three times be ordained all the more?

1 Tim 3:12 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: "Husband of one wife" excludes the twice-married from the diaconate, not the unmarried.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:12 (staged as 4.12). Souter brackets "their"; omitted.

Topics: Church office, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.12 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:487; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-12

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-12) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.13Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:487–488

Qui enim bene ministrauerint. Ostendit non ministerium tantum, sed qualitatem ministerii praemium promereri. Gradum bonum sibi adquirunt. Bonum hie pro ‘ grandi ’ posuit : sunt enim minores. Et multam jiduciam [in fide ] quae est in Christo lesu. Et aput deum petendi et aput homines dooendi uel etiam arguendi.

"For those who have ministered well." He shows that not the ministry alone, but the quality of the ministry, earns the reward. "Obtain for themselves a good rank." He put "good" here for "great": for they are lesser. "And much confidence in the faith which is in Christ Jesus." Both in asking from God and in teaching or even rebuking among men.

1 Tim 3:13 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Deacons who serve well gain a great standing and boldness.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:13 (staged as 4.13). Souter brackets "in the faith"; the sense with it is translated.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.13 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:487–488; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-13

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-13) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.14Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:488

Haec tibi scribo sperans me venire ad te cito: Si autem tardauero , vt scias quo modo oporteai te in domo dei conuersari, quae est ecdesia dez uiui. Ut auctoritatem habeas pro me omnia ordinandi, huius epistulae scientia confirmatus. Columna et firmamentum ueri tatis [et confession is]. In qua sol[a] nunc ueritas stat firmata, quae ante in lege erat posita uel natura, et quae sola totum sustinet aedificium ueritatds.

"These things I write to you, hoping to come to you soon; but if I am delayed, that you may know how you ought to conduct yourself in the house of God, which is the church of the living God." That you may have authority in my place to order all things, strengthened by the knowledge of this letter. "The pillar and ground of the truth." In which alone the truth now stands firm, which before was placed in the law or in nature, and which alone upholds the whole building of truth.

1 Tim 3:14 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 3:15 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul's letter gives Timothy authority to order the church, which alone now upholds the truth once placed in law or nature.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:14–15 (staged as 4.14). Souter brackets "and of confession"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray line number and OCR slips; stray verse number and OCR slip): 15 $i autem tardauero → Si autem tardauero; hums 5 epistulae.scientia → huius epistulae scientia.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.14 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:488; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-14

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-14) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.16Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:488

Et manifeste magnum est mysterium pietatis. Quod scire te cupio sacramentum inso camationis Christi, per quam pietas generi humano collate est. Quod mmifestalum est in came . Quod nunc in came eius est declaratum. Iustifieatum est in spiritu. Iustum esse in spiritu demonstratum est. Apparuit angdis. Quando dicebant: ‘gloria in excelsis’ deo, et quando ‘illi in heremo ministrabant/ Pr[a]edic[a\tum est gentibus. [In gentibus] omne genus hominum comprehendit. [Crediium est in [hoc] mundo,] adsumptum est in gloria . Uidentibus apostolis in caelum ascendit.

"And manifestly great is the mystery of godliness." That is, the sacrament of Christ's incarnation, which I want you to know, through which godliness was granted to the human race. "Which was manifested in the flesh." Which has now been declared in his flesh. "Was justified in the Spirit." It was shown to be just in the Spirit. "Appeared to angels." When they said, "Glory to God in the highest," and when "they ministered to him in the desert." "Was preached to the Gentiles." He includes every race of men. "Was taken up in glory." He ascended into heaven as the apostles watched.

1 Tim 3:16 (quotation, high confidence) · Luke 2:14 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 4:11 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 1:9 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The mystery of godliness is Christ's incarnation, revealed, vindicated, seen by angels, preached, and taken up.

Comments on 1 Tim 3:16 (staged as 4.16). Quotations: Luke 2:14; Matt 4:11; ascension: Acts 1:9. Souter brackets "Among the Gentiles" and the lemma "was believed in this world"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray line number): illi in heremo 5 ministrabant → illi in heremo ministrabant.

Topics: Christology

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 3.16 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:488; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/3-16

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-3-16) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

Chapter 4

4.1Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:488–490

Spiritus autem manifeste didt quia in nouissimis temporibus recedent quidam a .fide. Prophetalem inducit nouerunt ueritatem:

"Now the Spirit says expressly that in the last times some will depart from the faith." He brings in a prophetic ... know the truth:

Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.

1 Tim 4:1 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The Spirit foretold that some would abandon the faith.

Comments on 1 Tim 4:1 (staged as 5.1). Text is lost here: the rest of the comment on 4:1 and the lemmas and comments of 4:2 and most of 4:3 are missing; "..." marks the gap.

Topics: Heresy, Eschatology

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 4.1 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:488–490; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/4-1

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-4-1) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

4.4Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:490

quia omnis creatura dei bona et nihil reiciendum quod cum gratiarum actione percipitur:

"because every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be rejected that is received with thanksgiving:"

1 Tim 4:4 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Tim 4:4.

Staged as 5.4.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slips): nihil retdendum quod cum gratiarum actione perdpitur → nihil reiciendum quod cum gratiarum actione percipitur.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 4.4 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:490; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/4-4

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-4-4) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

4.5Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:490–494

sanctificatur enim per uerbum [dei] et orationem. Si ad proprietatem sermoms attendas, monstruosa nescio qua[e] praedicatio praecauetur, quae tam nubere quam abstinere prohibeat dicentium haec omnia quae sequuntur. Haec praeponens fratribus, bonus eris minister Okristi lesu . Libram in omnibus tenens et omnia rationabiliter [et] moderate dispensans. Enutritus uerbis jidei et bonae doctrinae quam adsecutus es. Quia sacris [legis] litteris ab infantia fuerat eruditus. uerba proprie sunt fidei traditio symboli: bona uero doctrina qua uita instituitur Christiana. Ineptas autem et aniles fabulas deuita . Fidei uel religioni non aptas. Exerce te ipsum ad pietatem. Pietas est etiam cum tua tribulation© aliis subuenire, sicut Sareptena uidua fecit. Nam corporalis exercitatio ad modicum est utilis. Escarum, balnearum, uenationum et huius modi, quae ad breue tempus [in] camales proficiunt samtates. Pietas autem ad omnia utilis est , promissionem habeas uitae praesentis et futurae. Et ad praesens tempus, et in futurum: nam ipsa nidua et in praesenti pasta est, et merces eius manet in [a]euo. Fidelis sermo et [in] omni acceptione dignus. Uerus aput omnium conscientiam et cui nemo resistat. In hoc [enim] laboramus et maledidmur, quia speramu8 in deum uiuum. Cum certum sit aput omnes nihil nos dignum odio perpetrasse, quid aliut sequitur quam quod propter uitam dissimilem blasphemamur? Qui est saluator omnium [hominum], maxime fidelium. Omnium, in praesenti : fidelium, etiam in futuro. Siue: Quia omnes de periculis liberat, et maxime fideles. Praecipe haec et doce. Praecipe ut fiant, et doce quo modo fiant, uel quali praemio [rejmuneranda sint. Nemo adulescentiam tuam contemnaL Sic age ut [ad]mirationi potius quam contemptui habearis: hoc enim illi praecipit quod erat in ipsius potestate. [Sed] exemplum esto fidelium . Parum est infidelium esse formam, aput quos qui grauiora crimina non habet, magnus habetur : hoc multum est ut talem se exhibeat, per quern etiam sancti proficiant. In uerbo et conuersatione. Doctrinae san[a]e: nihil aliut magis loquaris quam dei uerbum. notandum quia uerbi[s] cupit fidehbus praeberi exemplum. Incaritate. Ut exemplum illis dilectioms ostendas. In fide. Catholica, uel perfecta. In castitate. Mentis et corporis, cuius insignia etiam [in] grauitate habitus praeferuntur. Dum uenio, attende lectioni, [exhortationi,] doctrinae. Fac legi, exhortare ut fiant, doce quo modo intellegantur obscura, ut possint fieri quae leguntur. Noli neglegere gratiam quae in te est. Neglegit gratiam qui acceptum talentum non exercet. Quae data est tibi per prophetiam cum imposition mmu\u]m pr[a]esbyterii. Profetiae gratiam habe[ba]t cum ordinatione episcopatus. Haec meditare. Omnis enim profectus ex meditatione descendit. In his esto. Non enim omnis in his est quae meditatur. Ut profectus tuus manifestos sit omnibus. Tunc manifest[at]us ent, si in meditatione sis semper; et cum illis manifestus fuens, poterunt [et] tuo exemplo ad meliora proficere. Attende tibi et doctrinae; insta in illis ; hoc enim faciens, et te ipsum saluum facies et eos qui te audiunt. Primo tibi, deinde [obsecrationibus et] orationibus node et die . Qualis erat Anna filia Fanu[h]el, tales praecipit honorari.

"for it is sanctified through the word and prayer." If you attend to the proper sense of the words, some monstrous preaching is guarded against, which forbade both marrying and abstaining, of those who say all these things that follow. "Setting these things before the brothers, you will be a good minister of Christ Jesus." Holding the balance in all things and dispensing all things reasonably and moderately. "Nourished in the words of faith and of good doctrine, which you have attained." Because he had been trained in the sacred writings from infancy. The words of faith are properly the tradition of the creed; good doctrine is that by which Christian life is instructed. "But avoid foolish and old wives' fables." Unfit for faith or religion. "Exercise yourself unto godliness." Godliness is also to help others in your own tribulation, as the widow of Zarephath did. "For bodily exercise profits little." Of foods, baths, hunting, and the like, which profit fleshly health for a short time. "But godliness is profitable for all things, having the promise of the present life and of the future." Both for the present time and for the future: for that widow was both fed in the present and her reward remains for ever. "A faithful saying and worthy of all acceptance." True in the conscience of all, and which no one resists. "For in this we labour and are reviled, because we hope in the living God." Since it is certain to all that we have committed nothing worthy of hatred, what else follows than that we are blasphemed because of our different life? "Who is the Saviour of all, especially of the faithful." Of all in the present; of the faithful also in the future. Or: because he frees all from dangers, and especially the faithful. "Command and teach these things." Command that they be done, and teach how they are to be done, or with what reward they will be repaid. "Let no one despise your youth." Act so that you may be held in admiration rather than contempt: for he commands him what was in his own power. "But be an example of the faithful." It is little to be a pattern for the unbelieving, among whom one who has no graver crimes is held great: this is much, to show oneself such that even saints may make progress through him. "In word and conduct." Of sound doctrine: speak nothing else rather than the word of God. Note that he wants an example given to the faithful in words. "In love." That you may show them an example of love. "In faith." Catholic, or perfect. "In chastity." Of mind and body, whose signs are displayed also in the gravity of dress. "Until I come, attend to reading, to teaching." Have it read, exhort that these things be done, teach how obscure things are to be understood, so that what is read can be done. "Do not neglect the grace that is in you." He neglects grace who does not put to work the talent he received. "Which was given you through prophecy with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery." He had the grace of prophecy with his ordination to the episcopate. "Meditate on these things." For all progress comes from meditation. "Be in them." For not everyone is in the things on which he meditates. "That your progress may be manifest to all." It will be manifest then, if you are always in meditation; and when you are manifest to them, they too will be able to advance to better things by your example. "Take heed to yourself and to doctrine; continue in them; for in doing this you will save both yourself and those who hear you." First yourself, then ... "in supplications and prayers night and day." Such as was Anna the daughter of Phanuel, such he commands to be honoured.

Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.

1 Tim 4:5 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:6 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:7 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:8 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:9 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:10 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:11 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:12 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:13 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:14 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:15 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 4:16 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 5:5 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Kgs 17:15 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 25:25 (allusion, medium confidence) · Luke 2:37 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Tim 3:15 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: All God's creation is good; Timothy is to be a moderate, studious, and exemplary bishop; true widows are like Anna.

Comments on 1 Tim 4:5–16 and 5:5 (staged as 5.5). Text is lost after "First yourself, then": the lemmas and comments of 5:1–4 and most of 5:5 are missing; "..." marks the gap. The "monstrous preaching" is that of 4:3, forbidding marriage and commanding abstinence. The widow of Zarephath: 1 Kgs 17:9–16 (3 Kgdms LXX); the talent: Matt 25:25; Anna: Luke 2:36–37. Souter brackets "of God", "and", "of the law", "in", "re-", "But", "-s", "exhortation", "had", "and", and "supplications and"; omitted, except where the lemma needs them. Leaked verse numbers were removed.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (stray line number; stray verse number; stray verse number and OCR slip): 6 Haec praeponens → Haec praeponens; 7 Ineptas → Ineptas; 8 Nam corporalis exerdtatio → Nam corporalis exercitatio; 9 Fidelia sermo → Fidelis sermo; 10 In hoc → In hoc; n Praecipe → Praecipe; 12 Nemo → Nemo; 13 Bum uenio → Dum uenio; 14 Noli → Noli; uHaec medicare → Haec meditare; Ut 5 profectus → Ut profectus; 16 Attende → Attende.

Topics: Marriage, Fasting, Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 4.5 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:490–494; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/4-5

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-4-5) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

Chapter 5

5.6Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494

Nam quae in deliciis est, uiuens mortua est . Quitquit modum naturae excedit, deliciis deputatur. hie maxime nostri temporis uiduas tangit, quae cum hominem suae naturae qualicumque panno non uestiunt, parietes pretiosis marmorum crustis exomant.

"For she who lives in pleasures is dead while she lives." Whatever exceeds the measure of nature is counted as pleasures. Here he touches especially the widows of our time, who, while they do not clothe a person of their own nature with any rag, adorn their walls with costly marble veneers.

1 Tim 5:6 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Luxury beyond nature's needs is the death of the self-indulgent widow, like rich widows of Pelagius's day.

Topics: Ethics

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.6 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-6

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-6) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.7Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494

Et hoc ' 'praecipe , ut inreprekensibiles sint . Notandum inreprehensibiles eas tam posse esse quam esse debere.

"And command these things, that they may be blameless." Note that they can be blameless just as they ought to be.

1 Tim 5:7 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The command shows that blamelessness is possible.

Pelagius's inference that being blameless is possible is translated exactly.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.7 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-7

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-7) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.8Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494

Si qua aulem suorum, et maxime domesticorum , cmam non kabet , jidem negauit, et est infidele deterior . Si quis uiduas abicit aut pupillos, uel maxime parentes et pauperes, infidele [deterior est, quia etiam illi naturaliter habent] circa proximos pietate[m], Siue: Si qua uidua filios orfanos neglegat, hums sententiae crimen incurrit. [simul] notandum esse quosdam fideles in nomine, qui infidelibus conuersatione peiores sunt.

"But if anyone does not care for his own, and especially for those of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever." If anyone casts off widows or orphans, or especially parents and the poor, he is worse than an unbeliever, because even they by nature have devotion toward their neighbours. Or: if a widow neglects her orphaned children, she incurs the guilt of this sentence. Note that there are some faithful in name who are worse in conduct than unbelievers.

1 Tim 5:8 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Neglecting one's own family is worse than unbelief, since even unbelievers care for theirs by nature.

Souter brackets "worse ... because even they by nature have" (part of the explanation) and "at the same time"; the sentence needs the bracketed words, and their sense is translated.

Topics: Ethics

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.8 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-8

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-8) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.9Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494

Vidua eligatur non minus sexaginta annorum, quae fuerit unius uiri uxor. Tales uoluit eligi diaconissas quae omnibus essent exempla uiuendi.

"Let a widow be chosen not less than sixty years old, who has been the wife of one man." He wanted such deaconesses chosen as would be examples of living to all.

1 Tim 5:9 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Widows enrolled as deaconesses must be older women married only once.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Vidua digatur → Vidua eligatur.

Topics: Church office, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.9 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-9

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-9) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.10Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494–495

In operibus bonis. Si ex tempore uiduitatis suae ista omnia custodiuit. Testimonium habens. Sicut Tabit[h]a. Si filios educauit. Subauditur: deo. Si hospitio recepit , si sanctorum pedes lauit. Si non solum humanitatis, sed etiam humilitatis habet insignia, cui non suffici[a]t hospitio recipere, sed etiam hospitum pedes manu propria lauare. Si tribulationem patientibus subministrauit . Hoc est, in carcere positis uel aegrotis. Si omne opus bonum subsecuta est. Breuiter uniuersa conclusit. Adulescentiores autem uiduas deuita. Deuita aliis in ministerio diaconatus praeponere, [ne] malum pro bono detur exemplum. Cum enim luxim[t]at[d]e fuerint in Christo, nubere uolunt. Gum sub obtentu religionis abundantiam habuerint, quae saepe sole[n]t generare luxuriam.

"In good works." If from the time of her widowhood she has kept all these things. "Having testimony." Like Tabitha. "If she has brought up children." Understand: for God. "If she has received guests, if she has washed the feet of the saints." If she has the marks not only of kindness but also of humility, for whom it is not enough to receive guests, but she also washes the guests' feet with her own hand. "If she has helped those in tribulation." That is, those in prison or the sick. "If she has followed every good work." He has summed up everything briefly. "But avoid younger widows." Avoid putting them over others in the ministry of the diaconate, lest a bad example be given instead of a good one. "For when they have grown wanton in Christ, they want to marry." When, under the pretext of religion, they have had abundance, which often breeds luxury.

1 Tim 5:10 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Tim 5:11 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 9:36 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Enrolled widows must be proven in good works; younger widows are not to be set over others, lest they grow wanton and marry.

The section includes the lemma of 5:11. Tabitha: Acts 9:36. Souter brackets "lest"; the sense with it is translated.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; stray line number): Si JUioa educauit → Si filios educauit; II Adulescentiores → Adulescentiores.

Topics: Church office, Marriage, Divorce and remarriage

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.10 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:494–495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-10

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-10) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.12Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:495

Habentes damnationem, quia primamfidem irritam fecerunt. Qua[e] se uiduas promiserant permansuras. haec regula non solum in uiduis, sed etiam in uirginibus continentibusque seruaturf, quia primam fidem irritam fecerunt],

"Having condemnation, because they have made void their first faith." By which they had promised that they would remain widows. This rule is kept not only for widows but also for virgins and the continent.

1 Tim 5:12 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Widows who vowed to remain so and then marry break their pledge; the rule applies to virgins too.

Souter brackets a repeated "because they have made void their first faith"; omitted.

Topics: Marriage, Divorce and remarriage

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.12 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-12

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-12) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.13Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:495

Simul autem et otiosae discunt circu[m]ire domes . Diuino minime timore detentae, nec mariti potestati subiectae, nullaqu[a]e cura domesticae occupationis adstrictae. Non solum [autem] otiosae, sed et uerbosae et cwriosae, loquentes quae non oportet. Dum uoluntatem suam cupiunt excusare, malum aliis incipiunt praebere exemplum.

"And at the same time they learn to go about from house to house idle." Not held back at all by the fear of God, nor subject to a husband's authority, nor bound by any care of household occupation. "And not only idle, but gossips and busybodies, speaking what they ought not." While they wish to excuse their own will, they begin to give others a bad example.

1 Tim 5:13 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Idle young widows wander, gossip, and set a bad example.

Souter brackets "but"; omitted.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.13 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:495; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-13

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-13) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.14Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:495–496

Uolo ergo iumores nubere, Jilios procreare. Uolo, quia necesse eat ut tales [ante] hoc faciant quam illut promittant, unde si transgressae fuerint, damnationem adquirant. Matres familias esse. [Matres familias] dici possunt etiam quae duos habent uel tres seruos ancillasque : shoe ideo, ne ex hoc nomine auaritia defendatur. Nullam occasionem dare aduersario maledicti gratia . Si [injeontinentes aunt. Uel: Non pe[r] illas religio blasphemetur,

"I will therefore that the younger marry, bear children." I will it, because it is necessary that such women do this before they promise that, so that, if they transgress, they incur condemnation. "Be mothers of families." Those too can be called mothers of families who have two or three servants and maidservants: this so that avarice may not be defended by this name. "Give the adversary no occasion for reproach." If they are incontinent. Or: lest religion be blasphemed through them.

1 Tim 5:14 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Younger widows should marry before making a vow they may not keep.

The comment means that younger widows should marry rather than vow widowhood and then break the vow. Souter brackets "before" and "Mothers of families"; omitted (the sense of the first is kept).

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Mattes familias → Matres familias.

Topics: Marriage, Divorce and remarriage

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.14 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:495–496; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-14

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-14) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.15Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:496

lam enim quaedam conuersae sunt retro \post\ Sat[h]anan. Reddit causas qua re eas nubere uelle praedixerat, ne eum putaremua optare, quia quaedam, promissum propositum deo non reddentes, fuerant fomicatae.

"For some have already turned aside after Satan." He gives the reasons why he had said he wished them to marry, so that we should not think that he desired it: because some, not paying to God the resolve they had promised, had committed fornication.

1 Tim 5:15 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul prefers remarriage because some widows who vowed continence had fallen into fornication.

Topics: Marriage, Divorce and remarriage

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.15 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:496; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-15

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-15) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.16Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:496

Si [quis Jidelis avt si] qua jidelis habet uiduaSy [sufficienter] subministr[ar]et illis, ut non grauetur ecclesia . In domo propria, uel [ap]parentes. [A]ut his quae uer[a]e uiduae sunt sufficiat. Quae sunt omni[a ecclesiae] auxilio desolatae.

"If any faithful woman has widows, let her provide for them, so that the church be not burdened." In her own house, or as relatives. "That it may suffice for those who are widows indeed." Who are bereft of all help.

1 Tim 5:16 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Families should support their widows so the church can help those without anyone.

Souter brackets "any faithful man or", "sufficiently", "-ar-", "of the church", and parts of words; omitted.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.16 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:496; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-16

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-16) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.17Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:496–497

Qui bene praesunt pr[d\esbyteri . Qui implent officium suum[ : non enim omnes bene praesunt], DupUci honore digni habeantur. Et officii et doctrinae. Maxime qui laborant in uerbo et doetrina . Non dixit omnes qui habent uerbum, sed qui laborant in uerbo: ceterum omnes habentes ordinari praecepit.

"Let the presbyters who rule well." Who fulfil their office. "Be counted worthy of double honour." Both of office and of teaching. "Especially those who labour in word and doctrine." He did not say all who have the word, but those who labour in the word: for the rest, he commanded that all who have it be ordained.

1 Tim 5:17 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Presbyters who rule and teach well deserve double honour.

Souter brackets "for not all rule well"; omitted. The last clause is obscure in the text and translated literally.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.17 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:496–497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-17

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-17) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.18Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497

Dicit enim scriptura: Boui trituranti os non aUigabis, et: Dignus est operative mercede sua . Uult illis praestari camalia, a quibus [alii] spiritalia consequuntur, quia occupati in doctrina necessaria sibi prouidere non possunt.

"For the Scripture says: You shall not muzzle the ox that treads out the grain, and: The labourer is worthy of his wages." He wants fleshly things to be supplied to those from whom others obtain spiritual things, because, being occupied with teaching, they cannot provide for their own needs.

1 Tim 5:18 (quotation, high confidence) · Deut 25:4 (quotation, high confidence) · Luke 10:7 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Teachers occupied with the word should be supported by those they teach.

Quotations: Deut 25:4; Luke 10:7. Souter brackets "others"; the sense with it is translated.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.18 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-18

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-18) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.19Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497

Aduersus pr[a]e[sjyterum accusationem noli recipere [,exceptis duobus aut tribus testibus ]. Iniustum est etiam aduersus laicum accusationem recipere, cum hoc nec saeculares [iudices] faciant: quanto magis aduersus domini sacerdotem!

"Do not receive an accusation against a presbyter." It is unjust to receive an accusation even against a layman, since even secular judges do not do this: how much more against a priest of the Lord!

1 Tim 5:19 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Accusations against presbyters require due proof.

Souter brackets "except with two or three witnesses" and "judges"; omitted. The comment presupposes the bracketed condition.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): noli red pere → noli recipere.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.19 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-19

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-19) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.20Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497

Peccantes [autem] coram omnibus argue . Si illis fuerit conprobatum. Ut [et] ceteri timorem habeant . Uidentes te nemini pepercisse.

"Rebuke those who sin before all." If it has been proved against them. "That the rest may also fear." Seeing that you have spared no one.

1 Tim 5:20 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Proven offenders are to be rebuked publicly as a warning.

Souter brackets "but" and "also"; omitted.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.20 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-20

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-20) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.21Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497

Test or coram domino et Christo Iesu [et electis angelis ], ut haec custodias sine praeiudido. Obtestatur ilium diuina et caelesti testificatione, ut nulla illi res prae iudicet ad ista seruanda: et electis angelis [dus\ qui sacris adsistunt altaribus. Nihil faciens in aliam partem declinando. Neque in dextra[m] neque in simstrafm].

"I charge you before the Lord and Christ Jesus, that you keep these things without prejudgement." He adjures him with divine and heavenly testimony, that nothing should prejudge him in keeping these things: and before the elect angels, who stand by the holy altars. "Doing nothing by inclining to one side." Neither to the right nor to the left.

1 Tim 5:21 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Timothy must judge impartially, before God and the angels at the altars.

Souter brackets "and the elect angels" in the lemma and "his"; omitted from the lemma, though the comment discusses them.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Nihil fadens → Nihil faciens.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.21 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-21

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-21) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.22Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497–498

Manus cito nemini imposueris. [Ni]si talem inueneris qualem dixi. Neque communicaueris peccatis alienis. Communicari dicit peccatis eius qui non probatus fuerit ordinatus. Te ipsum castum custodi. Non alios custodiri prohibuit[, sed exemplum dan], at possit audenter arguere delinquents.

"Lay hands quickly on no one." Unless you find him such as I have said. "Nor share in the sins of others." He says one shares in the sins of one ordained without being tested. "Keep yourself chaste." He did not forbid others to be kept so, but that he might be able boldly to rebuke offenders.

1 Tim 5:22 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Timothy must not ordain hastily and must himself stay chaste in order to rebuke others.

Souter brackets "but to give an example"; omitted.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Manus dto nemini → Manus cito nemini; Te if sum castum → Te ipsum castum.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.22 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:497–498; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-22

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-22) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.23Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:498

Noli athuc aquam bibere , sed uino modico utere fropter stomachum et frequences tuas infirmitcUes. Ne putaret etiam in abstinentia se formam infiimis dare debere, maxime cum audierit a magistro omnibus dicente ‘bonum esse non bibere uinum/ dat ergo ei consilium ut plus doctrinae causam quam abstinentiae curet. simul ostendit posse quasdam infirmitates creaturarum medicina sanari.

"No longer drink water, but use a little wine for your stomach and your frequent illnesses." Lest he think that he ought to give the weak an example even in abstinence, especially since he had heard his master saying to all that "it is good not to drink wine," he therefore advises him to care more for teaching than for abstinence. At the same time he shows that some illnesses can be healed by the medicine of created things.

1 Tim 5:23 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 14:21 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Timothy should take a little wine, putting teaching before abstinence; created remedies may heal.

The quotation is Rom 14:21.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Noli athuc aquam Inhere → Noli athuc aquam bibere.

Topics: Fasting

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.23 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:498; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-23

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-23) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.24Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:498

Quorundam hominum peccata manifesto, sunt praecedentia ad indicium. Siue: Dum detecti excommunicantur. Siue: Dum plagis praesentibus praedamnantur. Quosdam autem et subsequuntur. Siue: Subsequitur eorum in futuro iudidum. Siue: Hie diu latere non possunt: non ergo debent facile ordinari.

"The sins of some men are manifest, going before to judgement." Or: when they are detected and excommunicated. Or: when they are condemned beforehand by present plagues. "And some they follow after." Or: their judgement follows in the future. Or: here they cannot lie hidden long: so they ought not to be ordained easily.

1 Tim 5:24 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Some sins are exposed now, others later, so ordination must not be hasty.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.24 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:498; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-24). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-24

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-24) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

5.25Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:498

Similiter et facta bona, manifesto sunt , et quae aliter se hahent abscondi non possunt. ‘Non’ enim ‘potest abscondi ciuitas super montem posita/ sed etiam quae ad tempos latent, non possunt diutius occultari.

"Likewise good deeds too are manifest, and those that are otherwise cannot be hidden." For "a city set on a hill cannot be hid," and even those that lie hidden for a time cannot be concealed for long.

1 Tim 5:25 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:14 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Good deeds, like sins, eventually become known.

The quotation is Matt 5:14.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Tim. 5.25 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:498; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-25). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum/5-25

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-1-timotheum-5-25) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.