Panarion (Medicine Chest Against Heresies), Haer. 1-64 25.2.1–26.8.7
Greek text: Holl, GCS 25/31 (Greek text: Karl Holl, ed., Epiphanius, Bände 1-2 (GCS 25, 1915, and GCS 31, 1922, Leipzig: Hinrichs), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0. The digitized file's own metadata describes it as spanning Holl's volumes 1-3 (1915-1933), but its text in fact ends at Haer. 64 (confirmed: the last division is Haer. 64, on Origen, matching the end of GCS 31); Holl's third volume (GCS 37, 1933) is not present in this digital text.).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Haer. 25, chapter 2
25.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:268–269
2. Καὶ ἐντεῦθεν ἄρχονται οἱ τῆς ψευδωνύμου γνώσεως.* τῷ κόσμῳ ἐπιφύεσθαι κακῶς, φημὶ δὲ οἱ καλούμενοι Γνωστικοὶ καὶ Φιβιωνῖται καὶ οἱ τοῦ Ἐπιφάνους καλούμενοι, Στρατιωτικοί τε καὶ Λευιτικοὶ καὶ Βορβορῖται καὶ οἱ λοιποί. ἕκαστος γὰρ τούτων τὴν ἑαυτοῦ αἵρεσιν τοῖς πάθεσιν ἐαυτοῦ ἐπισπώμενος μυρίας ὁδοὺς ἔπενόησε κακίας.
2. Kai enteuthen archontai hoi tēs pseudōnymou gnōseōs.* tǭ kosmǭ epiphyesthai kakōs, phēmi de hoi kaloumenoi Gnōstikoi kai Phibiōnitai kai hoi tou Epiphanous kaloumenoi, Stratiōtikoi te kai Leuitikoi kai Borboritai kai hoi loipoi. hekastos gar toutōn tēn heautou hairesin tois pathesin eautou epispōmenos myrias hodous epenoēse kakias.
And from here those of the knowledge falsely so called … begin to grow wickedly on the world, I mean the so-called Gnostics and Phibionites and those called followers of Epiphanes, the Stratiotics, Levitics, Borborites and the rest. For each of these, drawing his own sect after his own passions, invented countless ways of wickedness.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
1 Tim 6:20 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Gnostic sects spring from Nicolaus.
- The asterisk marks a gap. 1 Tim 6:20.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:268–269; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:269
τινὲς μὲν γὰρ αὐτῶν βαρβηλώ τινα δοξάζουσιν, ἣν ἄνω φάσκουσιν εἶναι ἐν ὀγδόῳ οὐρανῷ, καὶ ταύτην ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς προβεβλῆσθαί φασιν· μητέρα δὲ αὐτὴν εἶναι οἱ μὲν τοῦ Ἰαλδαβαὼθ λέγουσιν, οἱ δὲ τοῦ Σαβαώθ.
tines men gar autōn barbēlō tina doxazousin, hēn anō phaskousin einai en ogdoǭ ouranǭ, kai tautēn apo tou patros probeblēsthai phasin; mētera de autēn einai hoi men tou Ialdabaōth legousin, hoi de tou Sabaōth.
Some of them glorify a certain Barbelo, who they say is above in the eighth heaven, and they say she was emitted from the Father; some say she is the mother of Ialdabaoth, others of Sabaoth.
Notes and citation
Summary: Some Gnostics honor Barbelo, mother of Ialdabaoth or Sabaoth.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:269; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:269
τὸν δὲ υἱὸν ταύτης κεκρατηκέναι τοῦ ἑβδόμου οὐρανοῦ ἐν θράσει τινὶ καὶ ἐν τυραννίδι, λέγειν δὲ τοῖς ὑποκάτω ὅτι »ἐγώ εἰμι, φησίν, ὁ πρῶτος καὶ ὁ μετὰ ταῦτα, καὶ πλὴν ἐμοῦ οὐκ ἔστιν ἕτερος θεός«.
ton de huion tautēs kekratēkenai tou hebdomou ouranou en thrasei tini kai en tyrannidi, legein de tois hypokatō hoti »egō eimi, phēsin, ho prōtos kai ho meta tauta, kai plēn emou ouk estin heteros theos«.
And her son took possession of the seventh heaven with a certain boldness and tyranny, and said to those beneath, “I am the first and the one after these things, and besides me there is no other God.”
Isa 44:6 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 45:5 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Barbelo's son claims to be the only God.
- The ruler's claim echoes Isa 44:6; 45:5.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:269; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:269
τὴν δὲ Βαρβηλὼ ἀκηκοέναι τὸν λόγον τοῦτον καὶ κλαῦσαι. ταύτην δὲ ἀεὶ φαίνεσθαι τοῖς ἄρχουσιν ἐν εὐμορφίᾳ τινὶ καὶ ἀποσυλᾶν τὸ ἐξ αὐτῶν σπέρμα διʼ ἡδονῆς καὶ ἐκχύσεως, ἵνα δῆθεν τὴν αὐτῆς δύναμιν τὴν εἰς διαφόρους σπαρεῖσαν αὖθις πάλιν ἀνακομίζῃ.
tēn de Barbēlō akēkoenai ton logon touton kai klausai. tautēn de aei phainesthai tois archousin en eumorphią tini kai aposylan to ex autōn sperma diʼ hēdonēs kai ekchyseōs, hina dēthen tēn autēs dynamin tēn eis diaphorous spareisan authis palin anakomizę̄.
And Barbelo heard this saying and wept. And she always appears to the rulers in beauty and steals their seed from them through pleasure and emission, so that she may supposedly recover her power that was sown into various beings.
Notes and citation
Summary: Barbelo seduces the rulers to recover her scattered power.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:269; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:269
καὶ οὕτως ἐκ τοιαύτης ὑποθέσεως τὸ τῆς αὐτοῦ αἰσχρολογίας μυστήριον τῷ κόσμῳ ὑπεισήνεγκε. καί τινες ὡς ἔφην τῶν προειρημένων διὰ πολλῆς κακομηχανίας ἃ μὴ θέμις λέγειν πως ἐν πολυμιξίᾳ γυναικῶν καὶ ἐν αἰσχροποιίαις ἀνηκέστοις ἀναστρέφεσθαι ἐδίδαξαν, ὡς καί που ὁ ἁγιώτατος ἀπόστολός φησι »τὰ γὰρ κρυφῆ γινόμενα ὑπʼ αὐτῶν αἰσχρόν ἐστι καὶ λέγειν«.
kai houtōs ek toiautēs hypotheseōs to tēs autou aischrologias mystērion tǭ kosmǭ hypeisēnenke. kai tines hōs ephēn tōn proeirēmenōn dia pollēs kakomēchanias ha mē themis legein pōs en polymixią gynaikōn kai en aischropoiiais anēkestois anastrephesthai edidaxan, hōs kai pou ho hagiōtatos apostolos phēsi »ta gar kryphē ginomena hypʼ autōn aischron esti kai legein«.
And so, from such a premise, he introduced into the world the mystery of his obscene talk. And some of those mentioned, as I said, taught with great wickedness to live in a way not lawful to speak of, in promiscuous intercourse with women and in incurable obscenities, as the most holy apostle says somewhere, “For the things done by them in secret are shameful even to speak of.”
Eph 5:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: From this myth came obscene practices.
- Eph 5:12.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:269; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 25, chapter 3
25.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:269
3. τῷ δὲ βουλομένῳ ἰδεῖν τὴν ἀντίθετον ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου περὶ τῆς τούτου αἱρέσεως ἀνατροπὴν ἰστέον ἐστὶν ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ ἁγίου Ἰωάννου ἀποκαλύψεως, ὡς γράφων μιᾷ τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν ἐκ προσώπου κυρίου τουτέστιν τῷ ἐπισκόπῳ τῷ ἐκεῖσε κατασταθέντι σὺν τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ ὰγίου άγγέλου τοῦ ἐπὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου φησίν »ἔχεις δέ τι καλόν, ὅτι μισεῖς τὰ ἔργα τῶν Νικολαϊτῶν ἃ κάγὼ μισῶ«.
3. tǭ de boulomenǭ idein tēn antitheton ek pneumatos hagiou peri tēs toutou haireseōs anatropēn isteon estin apo tēs tou hagiou Iōannou apokalypseōs, hōs graphōn mią tōn ekklēsiōn ek prosōpou kyriou toutestin tǭ episkopǭ tǭ ekeise katastathenti syn tę̄ dynamei tou agiou angelou tou epi tou thysiastēriou phēsin »echeis de ti kalon, hoti miseis ta erga tōn Nikolaïtōn ha kagō misō«.
Whoever wishes to see the refutation of this man's sect from the Holy Spirit should know it from the revelation of holy John, where, writing to one of the churches in the person of the Lord, that is, to the bishop appointed there, with the power of the holy angel of the altar, he says, “But you have this good thing, that you hate the works of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate.”
Rev 2:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Revelation condemns the Nicolaitans.
- Rev 2:6. Epiphanius takes the “angel” of the church to be its bishop.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip): γράφων μᾷ τῶν → γράφων μιᾷ τῶν.
Topics: Heresy, Church office
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:269; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:269–270
Προύνικον δὲ ἄλλοι τιμῶντές τινα, ὡς καὶ οὑτοι μυθωδῶς πάλιν εἰς ταύτην τὴν ὑπόνοιαν τῆς αἰσχρουργίας τὰ ἑαυτῶν πάθη ἐπιτελοῦντές φασι· τῆς Προυνίκου τὴν δύναμιν συλλέγομεν ἀπὸ τῶν σωμάτων, διά τε τῶν ῥευστῶν, φημὶ δὲ γονῆς καὶ καταμηνίων *·
Prounikon de alloi timōntes tina, hōs kai houtoi mythōdōs palin eis tautēn tēn hyponoian tēs aischrourgias ta heautōn pathē epitelountes phasi; tēs Prounikou tēn dynamin syllegomen apo tōn sōmatōn, dia te tōn rheustōn, phēmi de gonēs kai katamēniōn *;
Others honor one Prunicus, and these too, again in a mythical way, carrying out their own passions under this notion of obscenity, say: we gather the power of Prunicus from bodies, through the fluids, I mean semen and menses …;
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Others claim to gather the power of Prunicus from bodily fluids.
- The asterisk marks a gap. A hostile report.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:269–270; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:270
περὶ ὧν ὀλίγῳ ὕστερον, ὅταν περὶ αὐτῶν μονομερῶς λέγειν ἐπιβαλώμεθα, κατὰ λεπτότητα ὑφηγήσομαι, οὐκ εἰς τὸ χρᾶναι ἀκοὰς τῶν ἀκουόντων ἢ ἐντυγχανόντων, ἀλλʼ εἰς τὸ τοῖς συνετοῖς ἀπέχθειαν μᾶλλον ἐργάσασθαι πρὸς αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀποτροπὴν τῆς τῶν κακῶν ἐργασίας, οὐ συκοφαντῶν τοὺς ἀλιτηρίους, ἀλλὰ κατʼ ἀλήθειαν τὰ παρʼ αὐτῶν γινόμενα εἰς τοὐμφανὲς θριαμβεύων.
peri hōn oligǭ hysteron, hotan peri autōn monomerōs legein epibalōmetha, kata leptotēta hyphēgēsomai, ouk eis to chranai akoas tōn akouontōn ē entynchanontōn, allʼ eis to tois synetois apechtheian mallon ergasasthai pros autous kai apotropēn tēs tōn kakōn ergasias, ou sykophantōn tous alitērious, alla katʼ alētheian ta parʼ autōn ginomena eis toumphanes thriambeuōn.
about which I shall give a detailed account a little later, when I undertake to speak of them separately, not to defile the ears of hearers or readers, but rather to create in the sensible an aversion to them and a turning away from evil deeds; not slandering the wretches, but exposing to view in truth what is done by them.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius promises a fuller account, to warn readers.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:270; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:270
ἕτεροι δὲ τὸν προειρημένον Ἰαλδαβαὼθ δοξάζουσι, φάσκοντες αὐτὸν εἶναι πρῶτον υἱὸν ὡς ἔφην τῆς Βαρβηλώ· καὶ διὰ τοῦτό φησιν δεῖν ἄγειν αὐτῷ τὴν τιμήν, ὅτι πολλὰ ἀπεκάλυψεν.
heteroi de ton proeirēmenon Ialdabaōth doxazousi, phaskontes auton einai prōton huion hōs ephēn tēs Barbēlō; kai dia touto phēsin dein agein autǭ tēn timēn, hoti polla apekalypsen.
Others glorify the Ialdabaoth already mentioned, saying he is the first son of Barbelo, as I said; and for this reason, he says, honor must be paid to him, because he revealed many things.
Notes and citation
Summary: Others honor Ialdabaoth.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:270; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:270
ὅθεν καὶ βιβλία τινὰ ἐξ ὀνόματος τοῦ Ἰαλδαβαὼθ ποιητεύονται, ἐκτυποῦντες καὶ ὀνομασίας μυρίας βαρβαρικὰς ἀρχόντων, <ὥς> φασιν, καὶ ἐξουσιῶν καθʼ ἕκαστον οὐρανὸν τῇ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ψυχῇ. καὶ πολλὴ ἁπλῶς ἡ διὰ τῆς πλάνης αὐτῶν γινομένη τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐπιβουλή.
hothen kai biblia tina ex onomatos tou Ialdabaōth poiēteuontai, ektypountes kai onomasias myrias barbarikas archontōn, <hōs> phasin, kai exousiōn kathʼ hekaston ouranon tę̄ tōn anthrōpōn psychę̄. kai pollē haplōs hē dia tēs planēs autōn ginomenē tǭ genei tōn anthrōpōn epiboulē.
Hence they also compose certain books in the name of Ialdabaoth, sketching out countless barbarous names of rulers, as they say, and authorities in each heaven, for the human soul. And simply, great is the plot against the human race that comes about through their error.
Notes and citation
Summary: They compose books in Ialdabaoth's name.
- These books are otherwise unknown.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:270; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.3.6Holl GCS 25/31:270–271
ἄλλοι δὲ τὸν Καυλακαῦ ὡσαύτως δοξάζουσιν, ἄρχοντά τινα τοῦτον οὕτως καλοῦντες, φαντασιάζειν φιλοτιμούμενοι τοὺς ἀπείρους διὰ τῆς τῶν ὀνομάτων ἐκπλήξεως καὶ ἐπιπλάστου τῆς τοῦ ὀνόματος βαρβαρωνυμίας. τοῖς δὲ ἐμπείροις καὶ ἐκ θεοῦ λαβοῦσι περὶ ἐκάστης ὀνομασίας καὶ ὑποθέσεως τῆς ἀληθινῆς τοῦ θεοῦ γνώσεως χάριν πῶς οὐκ εὐθυέλεγκτα τοῦ μύθου αὐτῶν καὶ πλάνης τὰ διδάγματα εχέγγυα;
alloi de ton Kaulakau hōsautōs doxazousin, archonta tina touton houtōs kalountes, phantasiazein philotimoumenoi tous apeirous dia tēs tōn onomatōn ekplēxeōs kai epiplastou tēs tou onomatos barbarōnymias. tois de empeirois kai ek theou labousi peri ekastēs onomasias kai hypotheseōs tēs alēthinēs tou theou gnōseōs charin pōs ouk euthyelenkta tou mythou autōn kai planēs ta didagmata echengya?
Others likewise glorify Caulacau, calling a certain ruler by this name, eager to dazzle the inexperienced by the astonishment of names and by the fictitious barbarism of the name. But to those who are experienced and have received from God the grace of the true knowledge of God about each name and matter, how are the pledges of their myth and error not easily refuted?
Notes and citation
Summary: Others honor a ruler called Caulacau.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (word split by a line-end hyphen and OCR slip): κα- λοῦντες, φαυτασιάζειν → καλοῦντες, φαντασιάζειν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.3.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:270–271; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 25, chapter 4
25.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:271
4. Προύνικον γὰρ ἐὰν εἴπωσι, τὸ ὅλον ἐστὶν ἡδυπαθείας καὶ ἀκρασίας ἐξέρευξις. πᾶν γὰρ τὸ προυνικευόμενον λαγνείας ὑποφαίνει τὸ ἐπώνυμον, φθορᾶς δὲ τὸ ἐπιχείρημα.
4. Prounikon gar ean eipōsi, to holon estin hēdypatheias kai akrasias exereuxis. pan gar to prounikeuomenon lagneias hypophainei to epōnymon, phthoras de to epicheirēma.
For if they say Prunicus, the whole thing is a belching out of self-indulgence and incontinence. For everything that is called “prunicus” shows the name of lust and the undertaking of corruption.
Notes and citation
Summary: The name Prunicus signifies lust.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:271; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:271
ἐπὶ τοῖς γὰρ τὰ σώματα διακορεύουσιν Ἑλληνική τίς ἐστιν λέξις τό »ἐπρουνίκευσε τήνδε«· ὅθεν καὶ ἐν μύθοις ἀναγράφουσιν οἱ τὰ ἐρωτικὰ συγγραψάμενοι Ἑλλήνων ἀπατεῶνες περὶ κάλλους λέγοντες οὕτως ὅτι κάλλος προύνικον.
epi tois gar ta sōmata diakoreuousin Hellēnikē tis estin lexis to »eprounikeuse tēnde«; hothen kai en mythois anagraphousin hoi ta erōtika syngrapsamenoi Hellēnōn apateōnes peri kallous legontes houtōs hoti kallos prounikon.
For of those who deflower bodies there is a Greek expression, “he prunicized her”; hence also the deceivers among the Greeks who wrote love stories record in their tales, speaking of beauty thus, “prunicus beauty.”
Notes and citation
Summary: The Greek usage of “prunicus.”
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:271; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:271
ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ τοῦ Καυλακαῦ τίς τῶν γινωσκόντων οὐκ ἂν καταγελάσειεν, ὅτι τὰς Ἑβραϊστὶ καλῶς εἰρημένας λέξεις καὶ Ἑλληνιστὶ καλῶς ἑρμηνευθείσας καὶ <εἰσέτι> νῦν παρὰ τοῖς Ἑβραϊστὶ άναγινώσκουσι φανερὰς οὔσας καὶ οὐδὲν σκολιὸν ἐχούσας αὐτοὶ εἰς εἰδωλοποιίας τε καὶ εἰς μορφὰς καὶ εἰς ἐνυποστατικὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ ὼς εἰπεῖν ἀνδριαντοπλασίας, τοῖς ἀφελέσι διὰ φαντασίας τὴν πλάνην ὑποσπείροντες, ἀνατυποῦσιν εἰς τὴν τῆς αἰσχρᾶς αὐτῶν καὶ μυθώδους τέχνης ὑποσποράν;
alla kai peri tou Kaulakau tis tōn ginōskontōn ouk an katagelaseien, hoti tas Hebraïsti kalōs eirēmenas lexeis kai Hellēnisti kalōs hermēneutheisas kai <eiseti> nyn para tois Hebraïsti anaginōskousi phaneras ousas kai ouden skolion echousas autoi eis eidōlopoiias te kai eis morphas kai eis enypostatikas archas kai ōs eipein andriantoplasias, tois aphelesi dia phantasias tēn planēn hypospeirontes, anatypousin eis tēn tēs aischras autōn kai mythōdous technēs hyposporan?
And about Caulacau too, who of those who know would not laugh, that words rightly spoken in Hebrew and rightly translated into Greek, still plain today among those who read Hebrew and having nothing crooked in them, they themselves turn into idol-making, into forms and substantial principles and, so to speak, statue-making, sowing error among the simple by fantasy, and remodel them to sow their obscene and mythical art?
Notes and citation
Summary: Caulacau is a misused Hebrew word.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (leaked page marker): Ἑλληνιστὶ | καλῶς → Ἑλληνιστὶ καλῶς.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:271; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:271
καυλακαῦ γὰρ ἐν τῷ Ἠσαίᾳ γέγραπται, λέξις τις οὖσα ἐν τῇ δωδεκάτῃ ὁράσει, ἔνθα λέγει »θλίψιν ἐπὶ θλίψιν, ελπίδα ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι, ἔτι μικρὸν ἔτι μικρὸν προσδέχου«·
kaulakau gar en tǭ Ēsaią gegraptai, lexis tis ousa en tę̄ dōdekatę̄ horasei, entha legei »thlipsin epi thlipsin, elpida epʼ elpidi, eti mikron eti mikron prosdechou«;
For “caulacau” is written in Isaiah, a word in the twelfth vision, where he says, “Affliction upon affliction, hope upon hope, yet a little, yet a little, wait.”
Isa 28:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Caulacau comes from Isaiah 28.
- Isa 28:10, 13 LXX.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:271; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.5Holl GCS 25/31:271
ὡς καὶ αὐτὰ τὰ Ἑβραϊκὰ ῥήματα τελειότατα ἐνταῦθα παραθήσομαι αὐταῖς λέξεσιν ὥς ἐστι γεγραμμένα· τὸ γὰρ σαυλασαῦ σαυλασαῦ ἑρμηνεύεται θλίψις ἐπὶ θλίψιν, καυλακαῦ καυλακαῦ ἐλπὶς ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι, ζιηρσὰμ ζιηρσὰμ ἔτι μικρὸν ἔτι μικρὸν προσδέχου. ποῦ οὖν ἡ τούτων μυθολογία;
hōs kai auta ta Hebraïka rhēmata teleiotata entautha parathēsomai autais lexesin hōs esti gegrammena; to gar saulasau saulasau hermēneuetai thlipsis epi thlipsin, kaulakau kaulakau elpis epʼ elpidi, ziērsam ziērsam eti mikron eti mikron prosdechou. pou oun hē toutōn mythologia?
I shall set out here the Hebrew words themselves most completely, in their very terms as they are written: “saulasau saulasau” is interpreted “affliction upon affliction,” “caulacau caulacau” “hope upon hope,” “zeer sham zeer sham” “yet a little, yet a little, wait.” Where then is their mythology?
Isa 28:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Hebrew of Isa 28:10 explained.
- Hebrew ṣaw lāṣāw qaw lāqāw zeʿêr šām.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (repeated syllables): γεγραμμένα· μένα· → γεγραμμένα·.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:271; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.6Holl GCS 25/31:271
ποῦ ἡ κίσσησις τῆς φαντασιολογίας; πόθεν τῷ κόσμῳ τὰ ζιζάνια; τίς ὁ ἀναγκάσας εἰς ἑαυτοὺς ἐπισπάσασθαι ὄλεθρον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους;
pou hē kissēsis tēs phantasiologias? pothen tǭ kosmǭ ta zizania? tis ho anankasas eis heautous epispasasthai olethron tous anthrōpous?
Where is the craving for fantasy-talk? Where do the tares in the world come from? Who compelled human beings to draw destruction on themselves?
Matt 13:25 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Who compelled these people to destroy themselves?
- Tares: Matt 13:25.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:271; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.7Holl GCS 25/31:271–272
εἰ μὲν γὰρ γινώσκοντες μετεποίησαν τὰς ὀνομασίας εἰς φαντασίαν, άπωλείας ἑαυτοῖς προφανῶς αἴτιοι γεγόνασιν· εἰ δὲ άγνοοῦντες ἃ μὴ ᾔδεισαν ἔφασαν, οὐδὲν αὐτῶν ἀθλιώτερον. μωρὰ γὰρ ταῦτα ὡς Μῶς, <ὡς>
ei men gar ginōskontes metepoiēsan tas onomasias eis phantasian, apōleias heautois prophanōs aitioi gegonasin; ei de agnoountes ha mē ę̄deisan ephasan, ouden autōn athliōteron. mōra gar tauta hōs Mōs, <hōs>
For if they knowingly changed the names into fantasy, they have plainly become the cause of their own destruction; but if in ignorance they said what they did not know, nothing is more wretched than they. For these things are foolish, as
Notes and citation
Summary: Knowing or ignorant, they are to blame.
- The comparison (“ὡς Μῶς”) is garbled in the digital text.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (word split by a line-end hyphen): γινώ- σκοντες → γινώσκοντες.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:271–272; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.8Holl GCS 25/31:272
παντὶ τῷ σύνεσιν ἐν θεῷ κεκτημένῳ ἔνεστιν ἰδεῖν. ἡδυπαθείας γὰρ χάριν ἑαυτούς τε καὶ τοὺς πειθομένους ἀπώλεσαν καὶ ἀπολλύουσιν.
panti tǭ synesin en theǭ kektēmenǭ enestin idein. hēdypatheias gar charin heautous te kai tous peithomenous apōlesan kai apollyousin.
anyone who has understanding in God can see. For for the sake of self-indulgence they have destroyed and are destroying themselves and those who are persuaded.
Notes and citation
Summary: They destroy themselves and others for pleasure.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:272; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.9Holl GCS 25/31:272
πνεῦμα γάρ ἐστι πλάνης, ὥσπερ φύσημα ἐν αὐλῷ διαφόροις κινήσεσιν ἕκαστον τῶν ἀφρόνων κινοῦν κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας. καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ αὐλὸς μίμημά ἐστι τοῦ δράκοντος, διʼ οὗ ἐλάλησεν ὁ πονηρὸς καὶ ἠπάτησε τὴν Εὔαν.
pneuma gar esti planēs, hōsper physēma en aulǭ diaphorois kinēsesin hekaston tōn aphronōn kinoun kata tēs alētheias. kai gar kai autos ho aulos mimēma esti tou drakontos, diʼ hou elalēsen ho ponēros kai ēpatēse tēn Euan.
For it is a spirit of error, like breath in a pipe, moving each of the senseless with different motions against the truth. For the pipe itself is an imitation of the serpent through which the evil one spoke and deceived Eve.
Gen 3:1 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Error is like the serpent's breath in a flute.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:272; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.10Holl GCS 25/31:272
ἀπὸ τοῦ τύπου γὰρ ἐκείνου κατὰ μίμησιν ὁ αὐλὸς τοῖς ἀνθρώποις εἰς ἀπάτην κατεσκευάσθη. καὶ ὅρα τὸν τύπον ὃν αὐτὸς ὁ αὐλῶν ἐν τῷ αὐλῷ ποιεῖται. αὐλῶν γὰρ ἄνω ἀνανεύει καὶ κάτω κατανεύει. δεξιά τε κλίνει καὶ εὐώνυμα ὁμοίως ἐκείνῳ.
apo tou typou gar ekeinou kata mimēsin ho aulos tois anthrōpois eis apatēn kateskeuasthē. kai hora ton typon hon autos ho aulōn en tǭ aulǭ poieitai. aulōn gar anō ananeuei kai katō kataneuei. dexia te klinei kai euōnyma homoiōs ekeinǭ.
For the pipe was made for human beings in imitation of that figure, for deceit. And see the figure the piper himself makes with the pipe: as he plays, he raises his head up and bows it down, and leans right and left just like that [serpent].
Notes and citation
Summary: The piper's movements imitate the serpent.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.10 (Holl GCS 25/31:272; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.4.11Holl GCS 25/31:272
τούτοις γὰρ καὶ ὁ διάβολος τοῖς σχήμασι κέχρηται, ἵνα κατὰ τῶν ἐπουρανίων ἐνδείξηται τὴν βλασφημίαν καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἀφανισμῷ ἀφανίσῃ καὶ ὁμοῦ συμπεριλάβῃ τὴν οἰκουμένην, δεξιά τε καὶ εὐώνυμα λυμαινόμενος τοὺς τῇ πλάνῃ πειθομένους τε καὶ θελγομένους ὥσπερ διὰ μουσικοῦ ὀργάνου ταῖς φωναῖς ταῖς πεπλασμέναις.
toutois gar kai ho diabolos tois schēmasi kechrētai, hina kata tōn epouraniōn endeixētai tēn blasphēmian kai ta epi tēs gēs aphanismǭ aphanisę̄ kai homou symperilabę̄ tēn oikoumenēn, dexia te kai euōnyma lymainomenos tous tę̄ planę̄ peithomenous te kai thelgomenous hōsper dia mousikou organou tais phōnais tais peplasmenais.
For the devil too uses these postures, to show his blasphemy against the heavenly things, to destroy utterly the things on earth, and to encompass the whole world, ravaging right and left those who are persuaded and charmed by error, as by a musical instrument, with its fabricated sounds.
Notes and citation
Summary: The devil uses the same postures to deceive.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.4.11 (Holl GCS 25/31:272; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-4-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 25, chapter 5
25.5.1Holl GCS 25/31:272–273
5. Ἄλλοι δέ τινες ἐξ αὐτῶν καινά τινα ὀνόματα ἀναπλάττουσι, λέγοντες ὅτι σκότος ἦν καὶ βυθὸς καὶ ὕδωρ, τὸ δὲ πνεῦμα ἀνὰ μέσον τούτων διορισμὸν ἐποιήσατο αὐτῶν· τὸ δὲ σκότος ἠν χαλεπαῖνόν τε καὶ ἐγκοτοῦν τῷ πνεύματι, ὅπερ σκότος ἀναδραμὸν περιεπλάκη τῷ πνεύματι καὶ ἐγέννησε, φησίν, τινὰ Μήτραν καλουμένην, ἥτις γεννηθεῖσα ἐνεκίσσησεν ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ πνεύματι.
5. Alloi de tines ex autōn kaina tina onomata anaplattousi, legontes hoti skotos ēn kai bythos kai hydōr, to de pneuma ana meson toutōn diorismon epoiēsato autōn; to de skotos ēn chalepainon te kai enkotoun tǭ pneumati, hoper skotos anadramon perieplakē tǭ pneumati kai egennēse, phēsin, tina Mētran kaloumenēn, hētis gennētheisa enekissēsen en autǭ tǭ pneumati.
Some others of them invent certain new names, saying that there was darkness, abyss and water, and the spirit between them made a separation of them. The darkness was angry and resentful at the spirit; this darkness ran up and embraced the spirit and begot, he says, one called Womb, who when born craved [to conceive] from that spirit.
Gen 1:2 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Another Gnostic myth: darkness embraces the spirit and begets the Womb.
- Cf. Gen 1:2.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slips and stray mark): τνες ἐξ αὐτῶν κα· ινά → τινες ἐξ αὐτῶν καινά.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.5.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:272–273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-5-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.5.2Holl GCS 25/31:273
ἐκ δὲ τῆς Μήτρας προεβλήθησάν τινες τέσσαρες αἰῶνες, ἐκ δὲ τῶν τεσσάρων αἰώνων ἄλλοι δεκατέσσαρες, καὶ γέγονε δεξιά τε καὶ ἀριστερά, φῶς καὶ σκότος.
ek de tēs Mētras proeblēthēsan tines tessares aiōnes, ek de tōn tessarōn aiōnōn alloi dekatessares, kai gegone dexia te kai aristera, phōs kai skotos.
From the Womb four aeons were emitted, and from the four aeons fourteen others, and there came to be right and left, light and darkness.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Womb emits aeons.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.5.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-5-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.5.3Holl GCS 25/31:273
ὕστερον δὲ μετὰ πάντας τούτους προβεβλῆσθαί τινα αἰσχρὸν αἰῶνα, μεμίχθαι δὲ τοῦτον τῇ Μήτρᾳ τῇ ἄνω προδεδηλωμένῃ καὶ ἐκ τούτου τοῦ αἰῶνος τοῦ αἰσχροῦ καὶ τῆς Μήτρας γεγονέναι θεούς τε καὶ ἀγγέλους καὶ δαίμονας καὶ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα.
hysteron de meta pantas toutous probeblēsthai tina aischron aiōna, memichthai de touton tę̄ Mētrą tę̄ anō prodedēlōmenę̄ kai ek toutou tou aiōnos tou aischrou kai tēs Mētras gegonenai theous te kai angelous kai daimonas kai hepta pneumata.
Later, after all these, a shameful aeon was emitted, and it had intercourse with the Womb described above, and from this shameful aeon and the Womb came gods, angels, demons and seven spirits.
Notes and citation
Summary: A shameful aeon and the Womb produce gods, angels, and demons.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.5.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-5-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.5.4Holl GCS 25/31:273
φωρατὴ δὲ τούτων ἡ τῆς πλάνης μιμολογία. ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς γὰρ ἕνα πατέρα λέγοντες καὶ ὁριζόμενοι ὕστερον πολλοὺς θεοὺς ὑπέφηναν, εἰς τὸ δεῖξαι αὐτὴν τὴν πλάνην καθʼ ἑαυτῆς τὰ ὑπʼ αὐτῆς ψευδῆ λεγόμενα ὁπλίζειν ἑαυτὴν δὲ λύειν, τῆς ἀληθείας ἀεὶ * ἐκ παντὸς μέρους εὑρισκομένης.
phōratē de toutōn hē tēs planēs mimologia. apʼ archēs gar hena patera legontes kai horizomenoi hysteron pollous theous hypephēnan, eis to deixai autēn tēn planēn kathʼ heautēs ta hypʼ autēs pseudē legomena hoplizein heautēn de lyein, tēs alētheias aei * ek pantos merous heuriskomenēs.
The mimicry of their error is easy to detect. For from the beginning, speaking of and defining one Father, they later brought in many gods, to show that error itself arms the falsehoods it speaks against itself and undoes itself, while the truth is always found … on every side.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Their myth contradicts itself.
- The asterisk marks a gap.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.5.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-5-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 25, chapter 6
25.6.1Holl GCS 25/31:273
6. Τί τοίνυν εἴπω πρὸς σέ, ὠ Νικόλαε; τί διαλεχθήσομαι; πόθεν, ὠ οὑτος, ἥκεις φέρων ὴμῖν αἰσχρὸν αἰῶνα καὶ ῥίζαν πονηρίας καὶ Μήτραν γεννητικὴν καὶ πολλοὺς θεοὺς καὶ δαίμονας;
6. Ti toinyn eipō pros se, ō Nikolae? ti dialechthēsomai? pothen, ō houtos, hēkeis pherōn ēmin aischron aiōna kai rhizan ponērias kai Mētran gennētikēn kai pollous theous kai daimonas?
What then shall I say to you, Nicolaus? What shall I argue? Where have you come from, sir, bringing us a shameful aeon, a root of wickedness, a begetting Womb, and many gods and demons?
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius addresses Nicolaus directly.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.6.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-6-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.6.2Holl GCS 25/31:273
ὁ γὰρ ἀπόστολος φήσας »εἴπερ εἰσὶ λεγόμενοι θεοί« οὐκ εἰναι τούτους ὺποφαίνει. ἐν τῷ γὰρ εἰπεῖν »λεγόμενοις« ἔδειξεν αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ λέγεσθαι μόνον εἶναι, μὴ ὄντας τῇ ὑποστάσει ἀλλὰ διὰ τῆς τινῶν ὑπολήψεως.
ho gar apostolos phēsas »eiper eisi legomenoi theoi« ouk einai toutous ypophainei. en tǭ gar eipein »legomenois« edeixen autous en tǭ legesthai monon einai, mē ontas tę̄ hypostasei alla dia tēs tinōn hypolēpseōs.
For the apostle, saying “even if there are so-called gods,” shows that they do not exist. For in saying “so-called” he showed that they exist only in being so called, not existing in substance but by the supposition of some.
1 Cor 8:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul's “so-called gods” do not truly exist.
- 1 Cor 8:5.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.6.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-6-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.6.3Holl GCS 25/31:273
»ἡμῖν δέ«, φησίν, »εἷς θεός«, δηλονότι τοῖς τὴν γνῶσιν τῆς ἀληθείας ἐπισταμένοις. καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν λεγόμενον θεόν, ἀλλὰ ὄντα θεόν· εἰ δὲ ἡμῖν εἷς θεός, οὐκέτι πολλοὶ θεοί.
»hēmin de«, phēsin, »heis theos«, dēlonoti tois tēn gnōsin tēs alētheias epistamenois. kai ouk eipen legomenon theon, alla onta theon; ei de hēmin heis theos, ouketi polloi theoi.
“But for us,” he says, “there is one God,” clearly for those who have the knowledge of the truth. And he did not say a so-called God, but a God who is; and if for us there is one God, there are no longer many gods.
1 Cor 8:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: For Christians there is one God.
- 1 Cor 8:6.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.6.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-6-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.6.4Holl GCS 25/31:273
καὶ ὁ κύριος έν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ φησίν »ἵνα γινώσκωσί σε τὸν μόνον ἀληθινὸν θεόν«, ἵνα ἀνατρέψῃ τὴν διάνοιαν τῶν τὰ μυθώδη λεγόντων καὶ νομιζόντων εἶναι πολυθεΐαν· εἷς γὰρ ἡμῶν ἐστιν ὁ θεός, πατὴρ καὶ υἱὸς καὶ ἅγιον πνεῦμα, τρεῖς ὑποστάσεις μία κυριότης μία θεότης μία δοξολογία, καὶ οὐ πολλοὶ θεοί.
kai ho kyrios en tǭ euangeliǭ phēsin »hina ginōskōsi se ton monon alēthinon theon«, hina anatrepsę̄ tēn dianoian tōn ta mythōdē legontōn kai nomizontōn einai polytheïan; heis gar hēmōn estin ho theos, patēr kai huios kai hagion pneuma, treis hypostaseis mia kyriotēs mia theotēs mia doxologia, kai ou polloi theoi.
And the Lord in the Gospel says, “that they may know you, the only true God,” to overturn the thinking of those who speak myths and suppose there is a plurality of gods. For our God is one, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, three hypostases, one lordship, one Godhead, one glorification, and not many gods.
John 17:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The one God is Father, Son, and Spirit, three hypostases.
- John 17:3.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.6.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-6-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.6.5Holl GCS 25/31:273
ποῦ δὲ πληροῦται κατὰ σέ, ὠ Νικόλαε, τὸ ὑπὸ τοῦ σωτῆρος εἰρημένον ὅτι »εἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες εὐνουχίσθησαν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων καὶ εἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι οἳ ἐκ γεννητῆς ἐγεννήθησαν καὶ εἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες εὐνούχισαν ἑαυτοὺς διὰ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν«.
pou de plēroutai kata se, ō Nikolae, to hypo tou sōtēros eirēmenon hoti »eisin eunouchoi hoitines eunouchisthēsan hypo tōn anthrōpōn kai eisin eunouchoi hoi ek gennētēs egennēthēsan kai eisin eunouchoi hoitines eunouchisan heautous dia tēn basileian tōn ouranōn«.
And where, in your view, Nicolaus, is the Savior's saying fulfilled, that “there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men, and there are eunuchs who were born so from birth, and there are eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven”?
Matt 19:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ's saying on eunuchs for the kingdom.
- Matt 19:12, freely quoted.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.6.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:273; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-6-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.6.6Holl GCS 25/31:273–274
εἰ τοίνυν εὐνοῦχοί εἰσι διὰ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν, πῶς σύ γε σεαυτὸν πεπλάνηκας καὶ τοὺς σοὶ πειθομένους, διὰ λαγνείας καὶ αἰσχροποιίας τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν ἀδικίᾳ κατέχων καὶ * διδάσκων;
ei toinyn eunouchoi eisi dia tēn basileian tōn ouranōn, pōs sy ge seauton peplanēkas kai tous soi peithomenous, dia lagneias kai aischropoiias tēn alētheian tou theou en adikią katechōn kai * didaskōn?
If, then, there are eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven, how have you led yourself and those who obey you astray, suppressing God's truth in unrighteousness through lust and obscenity and … teaching?
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Rom 1:18 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Nicolaus suppresses the truth by lust.
- Rom 1:18. The asterisk marks a gap.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.6.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:273–274; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-6-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.6.7Holl GCS 25/31:274
ποῦ δὲ παρὰ σοὶ πεπλήρωται τό »περὶ τῶν παρθένων ἐπιταγὴν κυρίου οὐκ ἔχω, γνώμην δὲ δίδωμι ὡς ἠλεημένος, τὸ καλὸν οὕτως εἶναι«, καὶ πάλιν »ἡ παρθένος μεριμνᾷ τὰ τοῦ κυρίου, πῶς ἀρέσῃ τῷ κυρίῳ, ἵνα ᾐ ἁγία ἐν δώματι καὶ ἐν πνεύματι«.
pou de para soi peplērōtai to »peri tōn parthenōn epitagēn kyriou ouk echō, gnōmēn de didōmi hōs ēleēmenos, to kalon houtōs einai«, kai palin »hē parthenos merimną ta tou kyriou, pōs aresę̄ tǭ kyriǭ, hina ę̄ hagia en dōmati kai en pneumati«.
And where with you is this fulfilled: “Concerning virgins I have no command of the Lord, but I give my opinion as one who has received mercy, that it is good to be so”; and again, “The virgin cares for the things of the Lord, how to please the Lord, that she may be holy in body and in spirit”?
1 Cor 7:25 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 7:26 (quotation, medium confidence) · 1 Cor 7:34 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paul's teaching on virginity.
- 1 Cor 7:25–26, 34.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.6.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:274; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-6-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.6.8Holl GCS 25/31:274
καὶ πόσα ἔστι περὶ ἁγνείας καὶ ἐγκρατείας καὶ παρθενίας λέγειν; παρὰ σοῦ γὰρ ὁ πᾶς βόρβορος τῆς ἀκαθαρσίας ἀναισχύντως ὁρίζεται. ἀλλὰ ἐκ τῶν δύο ἢ τριῶν τούτων ῥητῶν, τῆς καταγελάστου αἱρέσεως πρὸς ἀνατροπὴν τοῖς ἐντυγχάνουσιν *, ὁ σκοπὸς ἐνταῦθά μοι παρακείσθω.
kai posa esti peri hagneias kai enkrateias kai parthenias legein? para sou gar ho pas borboros tēs akatharsias anaischyntōs horizetai. alla ek tōn dyo ē triōn toutōn rhētōn, tēs katagelastou haireseōs pros anatropēn tois entynchanousin *, ho skopos entautha moi parakeisthō.
And how much could be said about purity, continence and virginity? For by you the whole filth of uncleanness is shamelessly defined as law. But from these two or three texts, for the refutation of the ridiculous sect for readers …, let my purpose be set down here.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: A few texts suffice against Nicolaus.
- The asterisk marks a gap.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.6.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:274; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-6-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 25, chapter 7
25.7.1Holl GCS 25/31:274
7. Προϊὼν δὲ καθεξῆς τὴν τούτῳ συνεζευγμένην αἵρεσιν, ὥσπερ χορτομανήσασαν ὕλην ἢ δάσος ἀκανθῶν πανταχόθεν συνηνωμένων ἢ κατεξηραμμένην ἐν ἀγρῷ πληθὺν ξύλων τε καὶ φρυγάνων εἰς κατάκαυσιν ἑτοιμαζομένην ὑποδείξω, διὰ τὸ τῇ αὐτῇ αἱρέσει τοῦ ἐλεεινοῦ Νικολάου *.
7. Proïōn de kathexēs tēn toutǭ synezeugmenēn hairesin, hōsper chortomanēsasan hylēn ē dasos akanthōn pantachothen synēnōmenōn ē katexērammenēn en agrǭ plēthyn xylōn te kai phryganōn eis katakausin hetoimazomenēn hypodeixō, dia to tę̄ autę̄ hairesei tou eleeinou Nikolaou *.
Proceeding in order, I shall show the sect joined to this one, like overgrown brushwood or a thicket of thorns tangled on every side, or a heap of wood and brush dried up in a field and made ready for burning, because … the same sect of the pitiful Nicolaus.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Transition to the sect joined to Nicolaus.
- The asterisk marks a gap.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.7.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:274; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-7-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
25.7.2Holl GCS 25/31:274–275
ὥσπερ <γὰρ> διʼ ἐγκεντρισμοῦ ἢ ψώρας ἀγρίας ἢ λέπρας ἐξ ὲτέρων σωμάτων ἕτερα σώματα * παραφθείρεσθαι, οὕτως ἀπὸ μέρους <τούτοις> εἰσὶ συνηνωμένοι οἱ λεγόμενοι <Γνωστικοί>, αὐτοῦ Νικολάου καὶ τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ <Σίμωνος δέ φημι καὶ ἄλλων) λαβόντες τὰς προφάσεις, Γνωστικοὶ <μὲν> καλούμενοι, δὲ τὸ πᾶν διὰ τὴν ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι τῆς ἀκαθάρτου ἐργασίας αὐτῶν μοχθηρίαν καὶ αἰσχρουργίαν. ὡς ἀληθῶς γὰρ καὶ τοῦτον πρὸς ὀλίγον ἐγκρατευσάμενον, εἶτα ἀποστάντα τῆς ἐγκρατείας, δίκην ὕδρωπος τοῦ ἑρπετοῦ καλουμένου ἐξ ὑδάτων εἰς γῆν ἀνελθόντος καὶ εἰς ὕδωρ αὐθις ἀναστρέψαντος, καλάμῳ τῷ ἐν χειρὶ δοθέντι Χριστοῦ παίσαντες καὶ ὀλέσαντες ἐπὶ τὰς ἑξῆς αἱρέσεις βαδίσωμεν.
hōsper <gar> diʼ enkentrismou ē psōras agrias ē lepras ex eterōn sōmatōn hetera sōmata * paraphtheiresthai, houtōs apo merous <toutois> eisi synēnōmenoi hoi legomenoi <Gnōstikoi>, autou Nikolaou kai tōn pro autou <Simōnos de phēmi kai allōn) labontes tas prophaseis, Gnōstikoi <men> kaloumenoi, de to pan dia tēn en tois pragmasi tēs akathartou ergasias autōn mochthērian kai aischrourgian. hōs alēthōs gar kai touton pros oligon enkrateusamenon, eita apostanta tēs enkrateias, dikēn hydrōpos tou herpetou kaloumenou ex hydatōn eis gēn anelthontos kai eis hydōr authis anastrepsantos, kalamǭ tǭ en cheiri dothenti Christou paisantes kai olesantes epi tas hexēs haireseis badisōmen.
For just as other bodies are … corrupted by other bodies through grafting, or wild itch, or leprosy, so the so-called Gnostics are partly joined to these, taking their occasions from Nicolaus himself and those before him (I mean Simon and others). They are called Gnostics, but [are wholly shameful] because of the wickedness and obscenity of their unclean practice. Truly, since he too practiced continence for a little while and then fell away from continence, like the reptile called the water-snake, which comes up from the water onto land and returns to the water again, let us strike and destroy him with the reed given into the hand of Christ, and go on to the next sects.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Matt 27:29 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Gnostics spring from Nicolaus and Simon.
- The reed in Christ's hand: Matt 27:29. The asterisk marks a gap, and a word is missing after “but”.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 25.7.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:274–275; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-25-7-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 26, chapter 1
26.1.1Holl GCS 25/31:275
Πάλιν οὗτοι οἱ Γνωστικοὶ διαφόρως ἀπὸ τούτου φυόμενοι ἠπατημένοι ἄνθρωποι, ὥσπερ ἀπὸ κοπρίας καρποί, ὡς παντί τῳ δῆλόν ἐστι καὶ φωρατὸν πρὸς δοκιμὴν ἀληθείας οὐ μόνον εἴποιμι πιστοῖς ἀλλὰ τάχα καὶ ἀπίστοις, ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ ἐβλάστησαν· τὸ γὰρ Μήτραν καὶ αἰσχρότητα λέγειν καὶ τὰ ἄλλα πῶς οὐχὶ καταγέλαστα φανείη πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις, » Ἕλλησί τε καὶ βαρβάροις, σοφοῖς τε καὶ ἀνοήτοις«;
Palin houtoi hoi Gnōstikoi diaphorōs apo toutou phyomenoi ēpatēmenoi anthrōpoi, hōsper apo koprias karpoi, hōs panti tǭ dēlon esti kai phōraton pros dokimēn alētheias ou monon eipoimi pistois alla tacha kai apistois, en tǭ kosmǭ eblastēsan; to gar Mētran kai aischrotēta legein kai ta alla pōs ouchi katagelasta phaneiē pasin anthrōpois, » Hellēsi te kai barbarois, sophois te kai anoētois«?
Again, these Gnostics, deluded people springing variously from him like fruits from a dunghill, have sprouted in the world, as is plain to everyone and detectable to the test of truth, not only, I might say, to believers but perhaps even to unbelievers. For talk of a Womb and of shamefulness and the rest, how could it not appear ridiculous to all people, “to Greeks and barbarians, to the wise and the foolish”?
Rom 1:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Gnostics' teaching is absurd to all.
- Rom 1:14. Epiphanius's account of the Gnostics (heresy 26) partly rests on his own youthful contact with the sect in Egypt (see 26.17).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:275; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.1.2Holl GCS 25/31:275
πολλὴ δὲ συμφορὰ καὶ μεγίστη ὡς εἰπεῖν ταλαιπωρία, τοὺς ἐν καταγνώσει καὶ ἐν πλάνῃ ἐπισείεσθαι ὴμῖν τῶν αἱρέσεων ἀρχηγοὺς καὶ ἐπανίστσθαι ὥσπερ κνωδάλων πλῆθος, ὀχλήσεις τε καὶ δυσοδμίας κνισμούς τε καὶ ἐπεντριβὰς ἡμῖν ἐμποιοῦντας διὰ τῆς τοῦ] μυθοποιοῦ πλάνης.
pollē de symphora kai megistē hōs eipein talaipōria, tous en katagnōsei kai en planę̄ episeiesthai ēmin tōn haireseōn archēgous kai epaniststhai hōsper knōdalōn plēthos, ochlēseis te kai dysodmias knismous te kai epentribas hēmin empoiountas dia tēs tou] mythopoiou planēs.
It is a great calamity, and so to speak the greatest misery, that the leaders of the sects, under condemnation and in error, are shaken at us and rise up like a swarm of vermin, causing us annoyances and stenches, itchings and rubbings, through their mythmaking error.
Notes and citation
Summary: The sects swarm like vermin.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:275; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.1.3Holl GCS 25/31:275
οὑτοι δὲ οἱ τούτῳ τῷ Νικολάῳ συνεζευγμένοι, πάλιν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ ὡς ἀπὸ οὐρίου ᾠοῦ ὄφεως σκορπίοι ἢ ἐξ ἀσπίδων * γεγεννημένοι, τινὰ ἡμῖν παρεισφέρουσι κενοφωνίας ὀνόματα καὶ βίβλους πλάττουσι, Νωρίαν τινὰ βίβλον καλοῦντες, καὶ ἐξ ὑπονοίας Ἑλληνικῆς δεισιδαιμονίας μεταποιοῦντες τὴν παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι μυθώδη ῥαψῳδίαν καὶ φαντασίαν οὕτω τὸ ψεῦδος τῇ ἀληθείᾳ παραπλέκουσι.
houtoi de hoi toutǭ tǭ Nikolaǭ synezeugmenoi, palin apʼ autou hōs apo ouriou ǭou opheōs skorpioi ē ex aspidōn * gegennēmenoi, tina hēmin pareispherousi kenophōnias onomata kai biblous plattousi, Nōrian tina biblon kalountes, kai ex hyponoias Hellēnikēs deisidaimonias metapoiountes tēn para tois Hellēsi mythōdē rhapsǭdian kai phantasian houtō to pseudos tę̄ alētheią paraplekousi.
These who are joined to this Nicolaus, born again from him like scorpions from a serpent's addled egg or from asps …, bring in for us certain empty-sounding names and fabricate books, calling one book Noria, and, from the notion of Greek superstition, they remodel the mythical rhapsody and fantasy of the Greeks and so weave falsehood into truth.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Gnostics wrote a book called Noria.
- The book Noria is lost; it has no entry in the site's list of extrabiblical texts.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:275; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.1.4Holl GCS 25/31:275–276
ταύτην γάρ φασιν τὴν Νωρίαν εἶναι τοῦ Νῶε γυναῖκα· καλοῦσι δὲ Νωρίαν, ὅπως τὰ Ἑλληνικῶς παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι ῥαψῳδηθέντα αὐτοὶ βαρβαρικοῖς ὀνόμασι μεταποιήσαντες τοῖς ἠπατημένοις παρʼ αὐτῶν φαντασίαν ἐργάσωνται, ἵνα δὴ καὶ ἑρμηνείαν ποιήσωσι τοῦ τῆς Πύρρας ὀνόματος, Νωρίαν ταύτην ὀνομάζοντες.
tautēn gar phasin tēn Nōrian einai tou Nōe gynaika; kalousi de Nōrian, hopōs ta Hellēnikōs para tois Hellēsi rhapsǭdēthenta autoi barbarikois onomasi metapoiēsantes tois ēpatēmenois parʼ autōn phantasian ergasōntai, hina dē kai hermēneian poiēsōsi tou tēs Pyrras onomatos, Nōrian tautēn onomazontes.
For they say this Noria was Noah's wife; and they call her Noria so that, changing what the Greeks sang in Greek into barbarous names, they may produce a fantasy for those deceived by them, and so make an interpretation of the name Pyrrha, calling her Noria.
Notes and citation
Summary: They identify Noria, Noah's wife, with Pyrrha.
- Pyrrha was the wife of Deucalion in the Greek flood story.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:275–276; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.1.5Holl GCS 25/31:276
ἐπειδὴ γὰρ νοῦρα ἐν τῇ Ἑβραΐδι πῦρ οὐ κατὰ τὴν βαθεῖαν γλῶσσὰν ἑρμηνεύεται ἀλλὰ Συριακῇ διαλέκτῳ (ἡσὰθ γὰρ τὸ πῦρ παρὰ Ἑβραίοις κατὰ τὴν βαθεῖαν γλῶσσαν), τούτου χάριν αὐτοῖς συμβέβηκε κατὰ ἄγνοιαν καὶ ἀπειρίαν τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ χρήσασθαι.
epeidē gar noura en tę̄ Hebraïdi pyr ou kata tēn batheian glōssan hermēneuetai alla Syriakę̄ dialektǭ (hēsath gar to pyr para Hebraiois kata tēn batheian glōssan), toutou charin autois symbebēke kata agnoian kai apeirian tǭ onomati toutǭ chrēsasthai.
For since “nura” in Hebrew means fire, not in the deep [literary] language but in the Syriac dialect (for among the Hebrews fire is “esath” in the deep language), they happened, through ignorance and inexperience, to use this name.
Notes and citation
Summary: Noria is explained from the Syriac word for fire.
- Syriac nūrā, “fire”; Hebrew ʾēš. The pun links Noria with Pyrrha (“fiery”).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:276; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.1.6Holl GCS 25/31:276
οὔτε γὰρ Πύρρα ἡ παρʼ Ἕλλησιν οὔτε Νωρία ἡ παρὰ τούτοις μυθευομένη, ἀλλὰ Βαρθενὼς τῷ Νῶε γέγονε γυνή· (καὶ οἱ Ἕλληνες γάρ φασι τὴν γυναῖκα Πύρραν καλεῖσθαι).
oute gar Pyrra hē parʼ Hellēsin oute Nōria hē para toutois mytheuomenē, alla Barthenōs tǭ Nōe gegone gynē; (kai hoi Hellēnes gar phasi tēn gynaika Pyrran kaleisthai).
But Noah's wife was neither the Pyrrha of the Greeks nor the Noria of their myth, but Barthenos (for the Greeks too say the wife was called Pyrrha).
Notes and citation
Summary: Noah's wife was Barthenos.
- The source of the name Barthenos is unknown.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:276; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.1.7Holl GCS 25/31:276
εἶτα τὴν αἰτίαν ὑποτίθενται οὑτοι οἱ τὰ τοῦ Φιλιστίωνος ἡμῖν αὐθις προφερόμενοι, ὅτι πολλάκις βουλομένη μετὰ τοῦ Νῶε ἐν τῇ κιβωτῷ γενέσθαι οὐ συνεχωρεῖτο, τοῦ ἄρχοντος, φησίν, τοῦ τὸν κόσμον κτίσαντος βουλομένου αὐτὴν ἀπολέσαι σὺν τοῖς ἄλλοις ἅπασιν ἐν τῷ κατακλυσμῷ.
eita tēn aitian hypotithentai houtoi hoi ta tou Philistiōnos hēmin authis propheromenoi, hoti pollakis boulomenē meta tou Nōe en tę̄ kibōtǭ genesthai ou synechōreito, tou archontos, phēsin, tou ton kosmon ktisantos boulomenou autēn apolesai syn tois allois hapasin en tǭ kataklysmǭ.
Then these people, who again bring before us the stuff of Philistion, offer the reason: that she often wished to be with Noah in the ark but was not permitted, because the ruler who created the world, he says, wished to destroy her with all the others in the flood.
Notes and citation
Summary: In their myth Noria is refused entry to the ark by the world-creator.
- Philistion was a writer of mimes.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:276; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.1.8Holl GCS 25/31:276
αὐτὴν δέ φησιν ἐπικαθιζάνειν ἐν τῇ λάρνακι καὶ ἐμπιπρᾶν αὐτήν, καὶ πρῶτον καὶ δεύτερον καὶ τρίτον· ὅθεν δὴ εἰς ἔτη πολλὰ ἐλήλακεν ἡ τῆς αὐτοῦ τοῦ Νῶε λάρνακος κατασκευὴ διὰ τὸ πολλάκις αὐτὴν ὑπʼ αὐτῆς ἐμπεπῆσθαι.
autēn de phēsin epikathizanein en tę̄ larnaki kai empipran autēn, kai prōton kai deuteron kai triton; hothen dē eis etē polla elēlaken hē tēs autou tou Nōe larnakos kataskeuē dia to pollakis autēn hypʼ autēs empepēsthai.
And he says she sat upon the ark and set it on fire, a first, second and third time; hence the building of Noah's ark took many years, because it was often burned by her.
Notes and citation
Summary: Noria burned the ark repeatedly.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:276; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.1.9Holl GCS 25/31:276
ἠν γάρ, φησίν, ὁ Νῶε πειθόμενος τῷ ἄρχοντι, ἡ δὲ Νωρία ἀπεκάλυψε τὰς ἄνω δυνάμεις καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν δυνάμεων Βαρβηλώ, τὴν ὑπεναντίαν τῷ ἄρχοντι, ὡς καὶ αἱ ἄλλαι δυνάμεις, καὶ ὑπέφαινεν ὅτι δεῖ τὰ συληθέντα ἀπὸ τῆς ἄνωθεν Μητρὸς διὰ τοῦ ἄρχοντος τοῦ τὸν κόσμον πεποιηκότος καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τῶν σὺν αὐτῷ θεῶν τε καὶ ἀγγέλων καὶ δαιμόνων συλλέγειν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν τοῖς σώμασι δυνάμεως, διὰ τῆς ἀπορροίας ἀρρένων τε καὶ θηλειῶν.
ēn gar, phēsin, ho Nōe peithomenos tǭ archonti, hē de Nōria apekalypse tas anō dynameis kai tēn apo tōn dynameōn Barbēlō, tēn hypenantian tǭ archonti, hōs kai hai allai dynameis, kai hypephainen hoti dei ta sylēthenta apo tēs anōthen Mētros dia tou archontos tou ton kosmon pepoiēkotos kai tōn allōn tōn syn autǭ theōn te kai angelōn kai daimonōn syllegein apo tēs en tois sōmasi dynameōs, dia tēs aporroias arrenōn te kai thēleiōn.
For Noah, he says, obeyed the ruler, but Noria revealed the powers above and Barbelo, who comes from the powers and is opposed to the ruler, as the other powers are; and she indicated that what had been stolen from the Mother above by the ruler who made the world and by the other gods, angels and demons with him must be gathered from the power in bodies, through the emission of males and females.
Notes and citation
Summary: Noria taught gathering the stolen power through bodily emissions.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.1.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:276; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-1-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 26, chapter 2
26.2.1Holl GCS 25/31:276–277
2. Καὶ ἁπλῶς περικακῶ τὴν πᾶσαν τούτων τοῦ σκότους πήρωσιν ὑποδεῖξαι. πολὺν γὰρ χρόνον ἀναλώσαιμι ἄν, εἰ ἐνταῦθα τὴν περὶ τούτων γενομένην σύνταξιν ἐθελήσω λεπτολογῆσαι, τὰ ἄτοπα αὐτῶν τῆς ψευδωνύμου γνώσεως διδάγματα καθʼ ἕκαστον ὑφηγούμενος.
2. Kai haplōs perikakō tēn pasan toutōn tou skotous pērōsin hypodeixai. polyn gar chronon analōsaimi an, ei entautha tēn peri toutōn genomenēn syntaxin ethelēsō leptologēsai, ta atopa autōn tēs pseudōnymou gnōseōs didagmata kathʼ hekaston hyphēgoumenos.
And, simply, I am weary of showing the whole blindness of their darkness. For I would spend much time if I chose to give here a detailed account of the treatise about them, setting out one by one the absurd teachings of their knowledge falsely so called.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius will not detail every doctrine.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip): φευδωνύμου → ψευδωνύμου.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.2.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:276–277; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.2.2Holl GCS 25/31:277
ἄλλοι δὲ ἐξ αὐτῶν, διαφόρως πάλιν ἐπεντριβόμενοι τάς τε ὄφεις αὐτῶν κρούοντες καὶ περικρουόμενοι, Βαρκαββᾶν τινα προφήτην παρεισάγουσιν, ἄξιον τοῦ αὐτοῦ ὀνόματος.
alloi de ex autōn, diaphorōs palin epentribomenoi tas te opheis autōn krouontes kai perikrouomenoi, Barkabban tina prophētēn pareisagousin, axion tou autou onomatos.
Others of them, rubbing us in different ways again, striking and being struck with their snakes, bring in a certain prophet Barcabbas, worthy of his name.
Notes and citation
Summary: Some Gnostics revere a prophet Barcabbas.
- “Snakes” (ὄφεις) may be a slip for another word; the image is uncertain.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.2.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:277; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.2.3Holl GCS 25/31:277
καββᾶ γὰρ ἑρμηνεύεται πορνεία κατὰ τὴν Συριακὴν διάλεκτον, φονοκτονία δὲ κατὰ τὴν Ἑβραϊκήν, καὶ πάλιν ἑρμηνεύεται τετάρτη μοῖρα τοῦ μέτρου· χλεύης δὲ καὶ γέλωτος τὸ τοιοῦτον, μᾶλλον δὲ σχετλιασμοῦ ἄξιον παρὰ τοῖς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο ἐπισταμένοις κατὰ τὰς ἰδίας γλώσσας.
kabba gar hermēneuetai porneia kata tēn Syriakēn dialekton, phonoktonia de kata tēn Hebraïkēn, kai palin hermēneuetai tetartē moira tou metrou; chleuēs de kai gelōtos to toiouton, mallon de schetliasmou axion para tois to onoma touto epistamenois kata tas idias glōssas.
For “cabba” means fornication in the Syriac dialect and murder in Hebrew, and again it means a fourth part of a measure; such a thing is worthy of mockery and laughter, or rather of indignation, among those who know this name in their own languages.
Notes and citation
Summary: The name Barcabbas is given unflattering meanings.
- Epiphanius's etymologies are doubtful.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.2.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:277; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.2.4Holl GCS 25/31:277
φέρουσι δὲ ἡμῖν ἐκ τούτου τοῦ θαυμασιωτάτου προφήτου διήγησιν αἰσχράν, ὅπως φθοριμαίοις σώμασι πλησιάσαι πεισθῶμεν καὶ τῆς ἄνωθεν ἐλπίδος ἐκπέσωμεν, οὐκ αἰσχυνόμενοι αὐτοῖς τοῖς ῥήμασι τὰ τῆς πορνείας διηγεῖσθαι πάλιν ἐρωτικὰ τῆς Κύπριδος ποιητεύματα.
pherousi de hēmin ek toutou tou thaumasiōtatou prophētou diēgēsin aischran, hopōs phthorimaiois sōmasi plēsiasai peisthōmen kai tēs anōthen elpidos ekpesōmen, ouk aischynomenoi autois tois rhēmasi ta tēs porneias diēgeisthai palin erōtika tēs Kypridos poiēteumata.
They bring us from this most admirable prophet an obscene narrative, so that we may be persuaded to approach corrupting bodies and fall from the hope above; they are not ashamed to narrate in those very words the erotic compositions of Cypris, about sexual immorality.
Notes and citation
Summary: The prophecy of Barcabbas is called obscene.
- Cypris is Aphrodite.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.2.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:277; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.2.5Holl GCS 25/31:277
ἄλλοι δὲ ἐξ αὐτῶν πάλιν ἐπίπλαστον εἰσάγουσιν ἀγώγιμόν τι ποίημα, ᾡ ποιητεύματι ἐπέθεντο ὄνομα, εὐαγγέλιον τελειώσεως τοῦτο φάσκοντες. καὶ ἀληθῶς οὐκ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ πένθος τῆς τελειώσεως. πᾶσα γὰρ ἡ τοῦ θανάτου τελείωσις ἐν τῇ τοιαύτῃ ὑποσπορᾷ τοῦ διαβόλου ἐμφέρεται.
alloi de ex autōn palin epiplaston eisagousin agōgimon ti poiēma, hǭ poiēteumati epethento onoma, euangelion teleiōseōs touto phaskontes. kai alēthōs ouk euangelion touto, alla penthos tēs teleiōseōs. pasa gar hē tou thanatou teleiōsis en tę̄ toiautę̄ hyposporą tou diabolou empheretai.
Others of them again bring in a fabricated, seductive composition, to which they have given a name, calling it the Gospel of Perfection. And truly this is not a gospel but the mourning of perfection; for the whole perfection of death is contained in such a sowing of the devil.
Notes and citation
Summary: Some use a “Gospel of Perfection.”
- The Gospel of Perfection is lost; it has no entry in the site's list of extrabiblical texts.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.2.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:277; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-2-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.2.6Holl GCS 25/31:277–278
ἄλλοι δὲ οὐκ αἰσχύνονται λέγοντες εὐαγγέλιον Εῦας. εἰς ὄνομα γὰρ αὐτῆς, δῆθεν ὡς εὑρούσης τὸ βρῶμα τῆς γνώσεως ἐξ ἀποκαλύψεως τοῦ λαλήσαντος αὐτῇ ὄφεως, * σπορὰν ὑποτίθενται. καὶ ὥσπερ ἐν άστάτῳ γμώμῃ μεθύοντος καὶ παραλαλοῦντος οὐκ ἵσα εἴη τὰ ῥήματα. ἀλλὰ τὰ μὲν γέλωτι πεποιημένα ἕτερα δὲ κλαυθμοῦ ἔμπλεα, οὕτως ἡ τῶν ἀπατεώνων γέγονε κατὰ πάντα τρόπον τῆς κακίας ὺποσπορά.
alloi de ouk aischynontai legontes euangelion Euas. eis onoma gar autēs, dēthen hōs heurousēs to brōma tēs gnōseōs ex apokalypseōs tou lalēsantos autę̄ opheōs, * sporan hypotithentai. kai hōsper en astatǭ gmōmę̄ methyontos kai paralalountos ouk hisa eiē ta rhēmata. alla ta men gelōti pepoiēmena hetera de klauthmou emplea, houtōs hē tōn apateōnōn gegone kata panta tropon tēs kakias ypospora.
Others are not ashamed to speak of a Gospel of Eve. For they … a sowing in her name, as though she found the food of knowledge by revelation from the serpent that spoke to her. And as the words of a drunkard talking nonsense in an unsteady mind are not consistent, but some are made for laughter and others full of weeping, so the deceivers' sowing of wickedness has been in every way.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Gen 3:4 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Others use a “Gospel of Eve.”
- The Gospel of Eve is lost; it has no entry in the site's list of extrabiblical texts. The asterisk marks a gap.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (leaked line number): κλαυθμοῦ 5 ἔμπλεα → κλαυθμοῦ ἔμπλεα.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.2.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:277–278; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 26, chapter 3
26.3.1Holl GCS 25/31:278
3. Ὁρμῶνται δὲ άπὸ μωρῶν ὀπτασιῶν καὶ μαρτυριῶν ἐν ᾡ εὐαγγελίῳ ἐπαγγέλλονται. φάσκουσι γὰρ οὕτως ὅτι »ἔστην ἐπὶ ὄρους ὑψηλοῦ καὶ εἶδον ἄνθρωπον μακρὸν καὶ ἄλλον κολοβόν, καὶ ἤκουσα ὡσεὶ φωνὴν βροντῆς καὶ ἤγγισα τοῦ ἀκοῦσαι καὶ ἐλάλησε πρός με καὶ εἶπεν· ἐγὼ σὺ καὶ σὺ ἐγώ, καὶ ὅπου ἐὰν ᾖς, ἐγὼ ἐκεῖ εἰμι, καὶ ἐν ἅπασίν εἰμι ἐσπαρμένος. καὶ ὅθεν ἐὰν θέλῃς, συλλέγεις με. ἐμὲ δὲ συλλέγων ἑαυτὸν συλλέγεις«. καὶ ὠ τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου ὑποσπορᾶς.
3. Hormōntai de apo mōrōn optasiōn kai martyriōn en hǭ euangeliǭ epangellontai. phaskousi gar houtōs hoti »estēn epi orous hypsēlou kai eidon anthrōpon makron kai allon kolobon, kai ēkousa hōsei phōnēn brontēs kai ēngisa tou akousai kai elalēse pros me kai eipen; egō sy kai sy egō, kai hopou ean ę̄s, egō ekei eimi, kai en hapasin eimi esparmenos. kai hothen ean thelę̄s, syllegeis me. eme de syllegōn heauton syllegeis«. kai ō tēs tou diabolou hyposporas.
They start from foolish visions and testimonies in the gospel they profess. For they say this: “I stood on a high mountain and saw a tall man and another, short one, and I heard as it were the sound of thunder, and I drew near to hear, and he spoke to me and said: I am you and you are I, and wherever you are, there am I, and I am sown in all things. And from wherever you wish, you gather me; and gathering me, you gather yourself.” Oh, the devil's sowing!
Notes and citation
Summary: A quotation from the Gospel of Eve.
- Quoted from the Gospel of Eve (lost). The vision of the tall and short figures is otherwise unknown.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip): ἐσπρμένος → ἐσπαρμένος.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:278; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.3.2Holl GCS 25/31:278
πόθεν τὸν νοῦν ἐξέτρεψε τῆς ἀνθρωπότητος καὶ εἰς μωρὰ καὶ ἀσύστατα περιέσπασεν ἀπὸ τοῦ λόγου τῆς ἀληθείας; οὐκ ἔστι γὰρ σχεδὸν τῷ νοῦν ἔχοντι χρεία ἀπὸ γραφῆς ἢ ἀπὸ παραδειγμάτων ἢ ἑτέρου τινὸς πράγματος ποιεῖσθαι τούτων τὴν ἀνατροπήν. τῷ γὰρ όρθῷ λογισμῷ εὕδηλος αὐτῶν καὶ φωρατὴ ἡ τῆς μωρολογίας δραματουργία καὶ μοιχῶν ἐργασία.
pothen ton noun exetrepse tēs anthrōpotētos kai eis mōra kai asystata periespasen apo tou logou tēs alētheias? ouk esti gar schedon tǭ noun echonti chreia apo graphēs ē apo paradeigmatōn ē heterou tinos pragmatos poieisthai toutōn tēn anatropēn. tǭ gar orthǭ logismǭ heudēlos autōn kai phōratē hē tēs mōrologias dramatourgia kai moichōn ergasia.
How has he turned aside the mind of humanity and dragged it from the word of truth to foolish and incoherent things? For the person of sense hardly needs to refute them from Scripture or from examples or anything else. For to right reasoning the staging of their foolish talk and the practice of adulterers is plain and detectable.
Notes and citation
Summary: Their teaching needs little refutation.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark and OCR slip): λ· όγοι → λόγου.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:278; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.3.3Holl GCS 25/31:278–279
ταῦτά τοι καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα εἰσηγούμενοι οἱ ἀμφὶ τὴν γνῶσιν συνεζευγμένοι τῇ τοῦ Νικολάου αἱρέσει τῆς ἀληθείας ἐκπεπτώκασιν, οὐ μόνον τὸν νοῦν τῶν πεισθέντων αὐτοῖς ἐκτρέψαντες, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ σώματα καὶ τὰς ψυχὰς δουλώσαντες πορνείᾳ καὶ πολυμιξίᾳ· αὐτὴν δῆθεν τὴν σύναξιν αὐτῶν ἐν αἰσχρότητι πολυμιξίας φύροντες, ἔσθοντές τε καὶ παραπτόμενοι καὶ ἀνθρωπίνων σαρκῶν καὶ ἀκαθαρσιῶν.
tauta toi kai ta toiauta eisēgoumenoi hoi amphi tēn gnōsin synezeugmenoi tę̄ tou Nikolaou hairesei tēs alētheias ekpeptōkasin, ou monon ton noun tōn peisthentōn autois ektrepsantes, alla kai ta sōmata kai tas psychas doulōsantes porneią kai polymixią; autēn dēthen tēn synaxin autōn en aischrotēti polymixias phyrontes, esthontes te kai paraptomenoi kai anthrōpinōn sarkōn kai akatharsiōn.
Introducing these and such things, those who are joined in knowledge to the sect of Nicolaus have fallen from the truth, not only turning aside the minds of those persuaded by them, but also enslaving their bodies and souls to sexual immorality and promiscuity; they defile their very assembly with the obscenity of promiscuity, eating and handling both human flesh and uncleannesses.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius charges the Gnostics with promiscuity and eating human flesh and bodily fluids.
- The account of heresy 26 is Epiphanius's hostile report; its accuracy is debated.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (doubled letter): ἐκκπεπτωκασιν → ἐκπεπτώκασιν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:278–279; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.3.4Holl GCS 25/31:279
ὡν οὐ τολμήσω τὸ πᾶν ἐξειπεῖν, εἰ μή τι ἀναγκασθείην διὰ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῆς ἐν ἐμοὶ ἀλγούσης διανοίας περὶ τῶν ματαίως ὑπʼ αὐτῶν γινομένων, ἐκπληττόμενος εἰς οἷον ὄγκον καὶ κακῶν βυθὸν ὁ ἐχθρὸς τῶν ἀνθρώπων διάβολος ἄγει τοὺς αὐτῷ πειθομένους, ὥστε μιᾶναι καὶ νοῦν καὶ καρδίαν καὶ χεῖρας καὶ στόματα καὶ σώματα καὶ ψυχὰς τούτων τῶν ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ τοσαύτῃ σκοτώσει παγιδευθέντων.
hōn ou tolmēsō to pan exeipein, ei mē ti anankastheiēn dia tēn hyperbolēn tēs en emoi algousēs dianoias peri tōn mataiōs hypʼ autōn ginomenōn, ekplēttomenos eis hoion onkon kai kakōn bython ho echthros tōn anthrōpōn diabolos agei tous autǭ peithomenous, hōste mianai kai noun kai kardian kai cheiras kai stomata kai sōmata kai psychas toutōn tōn hypʼ autou en tę̄ tosautę̄ skotōsei pagideuthentōn.
I will not dare to tell the whole of it, unless I am compelled by the excess of the pain in my mind over what they vainly do, amazed at what a mass and depth of evils the devil, the enemy of mankind, leads those who obey him, so as to defile the mind, heart, hands, mouths, bodies and souls of those he has snared in such darkness.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius hesitates to describe their practices fully.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:279; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.3.5Holl GCS 25/31:279
δέδια δὲ μή πη ἄρα τὸν μέγαν τοῦτον ὅλον ἰὸν ἀποκαλύψαιμι, ὥσπερ βασιλίσκου τινὸς ὄφεως τὸ πρόσωπον, εἰς λύμην μᾶλλον τῶν ἐντυγχανόντων ἤπερ εἰς διόρθωσιν. χραίνει μὲν γὰρ τὰ ὦτα ἀληθῶς ἡ τῆς μεγάλης τόλμης βλάσφημος συναγωγὴ καὶ τῆς αἰσχρότητος αὐτῆς συλλογή τε καὶ διήγησις καὶ ἡ τῆς ἀγυρτώδους αἰσχρουργίας βορβορώδης κακόνοια,
dedia de mē pē ara ton megan touton holon ion apokalypsaimi, hōsper basiliskou tinos opheōs to prosōpon, eis lymēn mallon tōn entynchanontōn ēper eis diorthōsin. chrainei men gar ta ōta alēthōs hē tēs megalēs tolmēs blasphēmos synagōgē kai tēs aischrotētos autēs syllogē te kai diēgēsis kai hē tēs agyrtōdous aischrourgias borborōdēs kakonoia,
I fear that I may uncover this whole great venom, like the face of a basilisk serpent, to the harm of readers rather than their correction. For truly the blasphemous collection of great audacity, the gathering and narration of its obscenity, and the filthy malice of the charlatans' indecency defile the ears,
Notes and citation
Summary: Describing the sect risks harming readers.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:279; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.3.6Holl GCS 25/31:279
ὡς καὶ παρά τισι φύσει Βορβοριανοὶ καλοῦνται, ἕτεροι δὲ Κοδδιανοὺς αὐτοὺς ἐπιφημίζουσι (κοδδὰ γὰρ λέγεται κατὰ τὴν Συριακὴν διάλεκτον ἢ τρυβλίον), ἀπὸ τοῦ μὴ δύνασθαί τινας μετʼ αὐτῶν ἐσθίειν, κατ ἰδίαν δὲ τοῖς μεμιαμμένοις δίδοσθαι τὰ βρώματα καὶ μή τινα δύνασθαι σὺν αὐτοῖς διὰ τὸν μολυσμὸν κἂν ἄρτον συνεσθίειν·
hōs kai para tisi physei Borborianoi kalountai, heteroi de Koddianous autous epiphēmizousi (kodda gar legetai kata tēn Syriakēn dialekton ē tryblion), apo tou mē dynasthai tinas metʼ autōn esthiein, kat idian de tois memiammenois didosthai ta brōmata kai mē tina dynasthai syn autois dia ton molysmon kan arton synesthiein;
so that by some they are naturally called Borborians [“filthy ones”], and others name them Coddians (for “codda” in the Syriac dialect means a dish or bowl), because no one can eat with them, but food is given separately to the defiled, and no one can eat even bread with them because of the pollution;
Notes and citation
Summary: They are called Borborians and Coddians.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:279; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.3.7Holl GCS 25/31:279
διά τοι τοῦτο ἀφωρισμένους τούτους ἡγούμενοι οἱ συμμέτοικοι Κοδδιανοὺς ἐπωνόμασαν. οἱ αὐτοὶ δὲ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ Στρατιωτικοὶ καλοῦνται καὶ Φιβιωνῖται, ὡς ἄνω μοι ἐν μέρει λέλεκται· τινὲς δὲ αὐτοὺς Ζακχαίους καλοῦσιν, ἄλλοι δὲ Βαρβηλίτας.
dia toi touto aphōrismenous toutous hēgoumenoi hoi symmetoikoi Koddianous epōnomasan. hoi autoi de en Aigyptǭ Stratiōtikoi kalountai kai Phibiōnitai, hōs anō moi en merei lelektai; tines de autous Zakchaious kalousin, alloi de Barbēlitas.
for this reason their neighbors, regarding them as set apart, named them Coddians. In Egypt the same people are called Stratiotics and Phibionites, as I have partly said above; some call them Zacchaeans, others Barbelites.
Notes and citation
Summary: Other names of the sect.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:279; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.3.8Holl GCS 25/31:279–280
ὅμως οὐδὲ παρελθεῖν δυνήσομαι, ἀλλὰ ἀναγκάζομαι ἐξειπεῖν. ἐπειδὴ <γὰρ> καὶ ὁ ἅγιος Μωυσῆς πνεύματος ὰγίου ἐμφορούμενος γράφει ὅτι »ἐάν τις ἴδῃ φόνον καὶ μὴ άναγγείλῃ, ἐπικατάρατος ὁ τοιοῦτος εἴη«, οὐ δύναμαι τοῦτον τὸν μέγαν φόνον καὶ τὴν μεγάλην ταύτην φονώδη ἐργασίαν παρελθεῖν καὶ οὐχὶ δηλῶσαι.
homōs oude parelthein dynēsomai, alla anankazomai exeipein. epeidē <gar> kai ho hagios Mōysēs pneumatos agiou emphoroumenos graphei hoti »ean tis idę̄ phonon kai mē anangeilę̄, epikataratos ho toioutos eiē«, ou dynamai touton ton megan phonon kai tēn megalēn tautēn phonōdē ergasian parelthein kai ouchi dēlōsai.
Yet I shall not be able to pass it by, but am compelled to speak out. For since holy Moses, filled with the Holy Spirit, writes, “If anyone sees a murder and does not report it, let such a one be accursed,” I cannot pass by this great murder and this great murderous practice without making it plain.
Lev 5:1 (allusion, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius feels bound to report the sect's practices.
- The quoted law is not found in this form in the Pentateuch; cf. Lev 5:1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (repeated word): οὐχὶ δηλῶν δηλῶσαι → οὐχὶ δηλῶσαι.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:279–280; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.3.9Holl GCS 25/31:280
δηλώσας γὰρ τάχα τοῖς συνετοῖς τὸ πτώμα τοῦτο. ὥσπερ τὸ »φρέαρ τῆς ἀπωλείας‘, φόβον καὶ φρῖξιν ἐμποιήσω εἰς τὸ μὴ μόνον ἀποδρᾶναι τοὺς συνετούς, ἀλλὰ καὶ καταλιθάσαι τὸν ἐν τῷ βαράθρῳ τοῦτον σκολιὸν ὄφιν καὶ βασιλίσκον εἰς τὸ μηδὲ πλησιάσαι τινὰ τολμᾶν. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ἤδη περὶ αὐτῶν εἰρημένα ὀλίγα τινὰ ὄντα ἐν μέρει τετάχθω.
dēlōsas gar tacha tois synetois to ptōma touto. hōsper to »phrear tēs apōleias‘, phobon kai phrixin empoiēsō eis to mē monon apodranai tous synetous, alla kai katalithasai ton en tǭ barathrǭ touton skolion ophin kai basiliskon eis to mēde plēsiasai tina tolman. kai tauta men ēdē peri autōn eirēmena oliga tina onta en merei tetachthō.
For by making plain to the intelligent this fall, like “the pit of destruction,” I shall perhaps cause fear and shuddering, so that the intelligent not only flee but also stone this crooked serpent and basilisk in the chasm, so that no one dares even to approach. And let these few things already said about them stand as a part.
Ps 55:23 (54:24 LXX) (quotation, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Exposure will make readers flee the sect.
- Ps 55:23 (54:24 LXX).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.3.9 (Holl GCS 25/31:280; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-3-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 26, chapter 4
26.4.1Holl GCS 25/31:280
4. Παρελεύσομαι δὲ εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ βυθοῦ τῆς θανατώδους αὐτῶν διηγήσεως (διάφορος γὰρ παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἡ τῆς ἡδονῆς κακοδιδασκαλία), ὅτι πρῶτον μὲν κοινὰς τὰς ἑαυτῶν γυναῖκας ἔχουσι.
4. Pareleusomai de eis ton oikon tou bythou tēs thanatōdous autōn diēgēseōs (diaphoros gar parʼ autois hē tēs hēdonēs kakodidaskalia), hoti prōton men koinas tas heautōn gynaikas echousi.
I shall now enter the house of the depth of their deadly story (for their evil teaching of pleasure is varied): first, they hold their wives in common.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius says the sect holds wives in common.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.4.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:280; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.4.2Holl GCS 25/31:280
καὶ εἴ τις ξένος παραγένοιτο τοῦ αὐτῶν δόγματος, σημεῖόν ἐστι παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἀνδρῶν πρὸς γυναῖκας καὶ γυναικῶν πρὸς ἄνδρας, ἐν τῷ ἐκτείνειν τὴν χεῖρα, δῆθεν εἰς ἀσπασμόν, ὑποκάτωθεν τῆς παλάμης Ψηλάφησίν τινα γαργαλισμοῦ ἐμποιεῖν, διὰ τούτου ὑποφαίνοντες ὡς τῆς αὐτῶν θρῃσκείας ἐστὶν ὁ παραγενόμενος.
kai ei tis xenos paragenoito tou autōn dogmatos, sēmeion esti parʼ autois andrōn pros gynaikas kai gynaikōn pros andras, en tǭ ekteinein tēn cheira, dēthen eis aspasmon, hypokatōthen tēs palamēs Psēlaphēsin tina gargalismou empoiein, dia toutou hypophainontes hōs tēs autōn thrę̄skeias estin ho paragenomenos.
And if a stranger of their belief arrives, they have a sign, of men to women and women to men: in holding out the hand, supposedly in greeting, they make a tickling touch on the underside of the palm, thereby indicating that the newcomer is of their religion.
Notes and citation
Summary: Members recognize one another by a secret handshake.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (leaked page marker): Ι ἐν τῷ P 86 ἐκτείνειν → ἐν τῷ ἐκτείνειν.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.4.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:280; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.4.3Holl GCS 25/31:280
ἐντεῦθεν λοιπὸν ἐπιγνόντες ἀλλήλους τρέπονται εὐθὺς εἰς ἑστίασιν· δαψιλῆ δὲ τὰ ἐδέσματα κρεοφαγίας καὶ οἰνοποσίας παρατιθέασι, κἄν τε πένητες εἶεν. ἐκ τούτου δὲ συμποσιάσαντες καὶ ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν τὰς φλέβας τοῦ κόρου ἐμπλήσαντες ἑυτῶν εἰς οἶστρον τρέπονται.
enteuthen loipon epignontes allēlous trepontai euthys eis hestiasin; dapsilē de ta edesmata kreophagias kai oinoposias paratitheasi, kan te penētes eien. ek toutou de symposiasantes kai hōs epos eipein tas phlebas tou korou emplēsantes heutōn eis oistron trepontai.
From then on, having recognized one another, they turn at once to feasting; they set out lavish dishes of meat and wine, even if they are poor. After this, having drunk together and, so to speak, filled their veins with surfeit, they turn to frenzy.
Notes and citation
Summary: They feast lavishly.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.4.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:280; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.4.4Holl GCS 25/31:280–281
καὶ ὁ μὲν ἀνὴρ τῆς γυναικὸς ὑποχωρήσας φάσκει λέγων τῇ ἑαυτοῦ γυναικὶ ὅτι »ἀνάστα, ποίησον τὴν ἀγάπην μετὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ«. οἱ δὲ τάλανες μιγέντες ἀλλήλοις καί, ὡς ἐπὶ ἀληθείας αἰσχύνομαι εἰπεῖν τὰ παρὰ τοῖς αὐτοῖς αἰσχρὰ πραττόμενα (ὅτι κατὰ τὸν ἅγιον ἀπόστολον τὰ αύτοῖς γινόμενα αἰσχρόν ἐστι καὶ λέγειν«), ὅμως οὐκ αἰσχυνθῶ λέγειν ἃ αὐτοὶ ποιεῖν οὐκ αἰσχύνονται, ἵνα κατὰ πάντα τρόπον φρῖξιν ἐργάσωμαι τοῖς ἀκούουσι τὰ παρʼ αὐτῶν τολμώμενα αἰσχρουργήματα —
kai ho men anēr tēs gynaikos hypochōrēsas phaskei legōn tę̄ heautou gynaiki hoti »anasta, poiēson tēn agapēn meta tou adelphou«. hoi de talanes migentes allēlois kai, hōs epi alētheias aischynomai eipein ta para tois autois aischra prattomena (hoti kata ton hagion apostolon ta autois ginomena aischron esti kai legein«), homōs ouk aischynthō legein ha autoi poiein ouk aischynontai, hina kata panta tropon phrixin ergasōmai tois akouousi ta parʼ autōn tolmōmena aischrourgēmata —
And the husband, withdrawing from his wife, says to his own wife, “Get up, make love with the brother.” And the wretches, having intercourse with one another, and (truly I am ashamed to speak of the obscene things done among them, because, according to the holy apostle, what is done by them “is shameful even to speak of”; yet I will not be ashamed to say what they are not ashamed to do, so that in every way I may cause those who hear of the obscenities they dare to shudder) —
Eph 5:12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Husbands give their wives to other members.
- “Make love” renders ποίησον τὴν ἀγάπην, literally “perform the agape (love-feast).” Eph 5:12.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.4.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:280–281; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.4.5Holl GCS 25/31:281
μετὰ γὰρ τὸ μιγῆναι πάθει πορνείας πρὸς ἐπὶ τούτοις άνατείνοντες τὴν ὲαυτῶν βλασφημίαν εἰς οὐρανὸν δέχεται μὲν τὸ γύναιον καὶ ὁ ἀνὴρ τὴν ῥύσιν τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄρρενος εἰς ἰδίας αὐτῶν χεῖρας καὶ ἵστανται εἰς οὐρανὸν ἀνανεύσαντες, ἐπὶ χεῖρας δὲ ἔχοντες τὴν ἀκαθαρσίαν καὶ εὔχονται δῆθεν,
meta gar to migēnai pathei porneias pros epi toutois anateinontes tēn eautōn blasphēmian eis ouranon dechetai men to gynaion kai ho anēr tēn rhysin tēn apo tou arrenos eis idias autōn cheiras kai histantai eis ouranon ananeusantes, epi cheiras de echontes tēn akatharsian kai euchontai dēthen,
for after having intercourse in the passion of sexual immorality, raising their blasphemy to heaven besides, the woman and the man receive the man's emission into their own hands, and stand looking up to heaven with the uncleanness in their hands, and pray, supposedly,
Notes and citation
Summary: They collect semen in their hands and pray.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.4.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:281; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.4.6Holl GCS 25/31:281
οἱ μὲν Στρατιωτικοὶ καλούμενοι καὶ Γνωστικοί, τῷ πατρὶ φύσει τῶν ὅλων προσφέροντες αὐτὸ τὸ ἐπὶ ταῖς χερσί, καὶ λέγουσιν »άναφέρομέν σοι τοῦτο τὸ δῶρον, τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ«.
hoi men Stratiōtikoi kaloumenoi kai Gnōstikoi, tǭ patri physei tōn holōn prospherontes auto to epi tais chersi, kai legousin »anapheromen soi touto to dōron, to sōma tou Christou«.
those called Stratiotics and Gnostics, offering to the Father of all the very thing on their hands, and they say, “We offer you this gift, the body of Christ.”
Notes and citation
Summary: They offer the semen as the body of Christ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.4.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:281; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-4-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.4.7Holl GCS 25/31:281
καὶ οὕτως αὐτὸ ἐσθίουσι μεταλαμβάνοντες τὴν ὲαυτῶν αἰσχρότητα καί φασι »τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ πάσχα, διʼ ὃ πάσχει τὰ ἡμέτερα σώματα καὶ άναγκάζεται ὸμολογεῖν τὸ πάθος τοῦ Χριστοῦ«.
kai houtōs auto esthiousi metalambanontes tēn eautōn aischrotēta kai phasi »touto esti to sōma tou Christou kai touto esti to pascha, diʼ ho paschei ta hēmetera sōmata kai anankazetai omologein to pathos tou Christou«.
And so they eat it, partaking of their own shameful matter, and say, “This is the body of Christ, and this is the Pascha, on account of which our bodies suffer and are compelled to confess the passion of Christ.”
Matt 26:26 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They eat it as a parody of the eucharist.
- The words parody the eucharistic institution (Matt 26:26).
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.4.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:281; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-4-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.4.8Holl GCS 25/31:281
ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς γυναικός, ὅταν γένηται αὐτὴν γενέσθαι ἐν ῥύσει τοῦ αἵματος, τὸ καταμήνιον συναχθὲν ἀπʼ αὐτῆς αἷμα τῆς ἀκαθαρσίας ὡσαύτως λαβόντες κοινῇ ἐσθίουσι. καὶ »τοῦτο, φασίν, ἐστὶ τὸ αἱμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ«.
hōsautōs de kai to apo tēs gynaikos, hotan genētai autēn genesthai en rhysei tou haimatos, to katamēnion synachthen apʼ autēs haima tēs akatharsias hōsautōs labontes koinę̄ esthiousi. kai »touto, phasin, esti to haima tou Christou«.
Likewise with the woman: when she happens to be in her flow of blood, they collect the menstrual blood of her uncleanness from her, take it likewise, and eat it together. And “this,” they say, “is the blood of Christ.”
Matt 26:28 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They consume menstrual blood as the blood of Christ.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.4.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:281; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-4-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 26, chapter 5
26.5.1Holl GCS 25/31:281
5. διὸ καὶ ἐν ἀποκρύφοις ἀναγινώσκοντες ὅτι »εἶδον δένδρον φέρον δώδεκα καρποὺς τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ καὶ εἶπέν μοι τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς«, αὐτοὶ ἀλληγοροῦσιν εἰς τὴν κατὰ μῆνα γινομένην γυναικείαν ῥύσιν.
5. dio kai en apokryphois anaginōskontes hoti »eidon dendron pheron dōdeka karpous tou eniautou kai eipen moi touto esti to xylon tēs zōēs«, autoi allēgorousin eis tēn kata mēna ginomenēn gynaikeian rhysin.
Therefore, reading in apocrypha, “I saw a tree bearing twelve fruits in the year, and he said to me, This is the tree of life,” they allegorize it of the woman's monthly flow.
Rev 22:2 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They read an apocryphal “tree of life” as menstruation.
- The apocryphon is unidentified; the image resembles Rev 22:2.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip): ἀναγινμώσκοντες → ἀναγινώσκοντες.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.5.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:281; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-5-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.5.2Holl GCS 25/31:281
Μισγόμενοι δὲ μετʼ ἀλλήλων τεκνοποιίαν ἀπαγορεύουσιν. οὐ γὰρ εἰς τὸ τεκνοποιῆσαι παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἡ φθορὰ ἐσπούδασται ἀλλʼ ὴδονῆς χάριν, τοῦ διαβόλου ἐμπαίζοντος τοῖς τοιούτοις καὶ καταχλευάζοντος τὸ ἐκ θεοῦ πλάσμα πεπλασμένον.
Misgomenoi de metʼ allēlōn teknopoiian apagoreuousin. ou gar eis to teknopoiēsai parʼ autois hē phthora espoudastai allʼ ēdonēs charin, tou diabolou empaizontos tois toioutois kai katachleuazontos to ek theou plasma peplasmenon.
While having intercourse with one another they forbid procreation. For among them the corruption is pursued not for begetting children but for pleasure, the devil mocking such people and ridiculing the creature fashioned by God.
Notes and citation
Summary: They forbid procreation and seek only pleasure.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.5.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:281; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-5-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.5.3Holl GCS 25/31:281–282
ἀλλὰ τὴν μὲν ἡδονὴν ἐπιτελοῦσιν, εἰς ἑαυτοὺς δὲ ἀπολαμβάνουσι τὰ τῆς ἀκαθαρσίας αὐτῶν σπέρματα, μὴ εἰς τεκνογονίαν καταβαλλόμενοι, ἀλλʼ αὐτοὶ τὸ τῆς αἰσχρότητος ἔσθοντες.
alla tēn men hēdonēn epitelousin, eis heautous de apolambanousi ta tēs akatharsias autōn spermata, mē eis teknogonian kataballomenoi, allʼ autoi to tēs aischrotētos esthontes.
They carry out the pleasure, but take the seed of their uncleanness back into themselves, not depositing it for childbearing, but eating the shameful matter themselves.
Notes and citation
Summary: They consume the semen rather than conceive.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.5.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:281–282; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-5-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.5.4Holl GCS 25/31:282
ἐὰν δὲ καὶ προληφθῇ τις αὐτῶν ἐγκατασπεῖραι τὴν καταβολὴν τῆς κατὰ φύσιν [αὐτῶν] ἀπορροίας καὶ ἡ γυνή, τί δεινότερον τολμῶσιν οἱ τοιοῦτοι ἄκουε.
ean de kai prolēphthę̄ tis autōn enkataspeirai tēn katabolēn tēs kata physin [autōn] aporroias kai hē gynē, ti deinoteron tolmōsin hoi toioutoi akoue.
And if one of them is caught out and deposits the natural emission and the woman [conceives], hear what more terrible thing such people dare.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: What they do if a pregnancy occurs.
- The editor deletes [αὐτῶν]; a verb (“conceives”) is supplied from the sense.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.5.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:282; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-5-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.5.5Holl GCS 25/31:282
κατασπάσαντες γὰρ τὸ ἔμβρυον καιρῶ οἵῳ δἂν ἐπιχειρήσωσι. λαμβάνουσιν ἐκτρωθὲν τοῦτο τὸ βρέφος καὶ ἐν ὅλμῳ τινὶ κόπτουσιν ὑπέρῳ, καὶ ἐγκαταμίξαντες μέλι καὶ πέπερι καὶ ἄλλα τινὰ ἀρώματα καὶ μύρα πρὸς τὸ μὴ ναυτιᾶν αὐτοὺς οὕτως συναχθέντες πάντες οἱ τῆς τῶν χοίρων τούτων καὶ κυνῶν * θιασῶται μεταλαμβάνουσιν ἕκαστος τῷ δακτύλῳ ἀπὸ τοῦ κατακοπέντος παιδίου.
kataspasantes gar to embryon kairō hoiǭ dan epicheirēsōsi. lambanousin ektrōthen touto to brephos kai en holmǭ tini koptousin hyperǭ, kai enkatamixantes meli kai peperi kai alla tina arōmata kai myra pros to mē nautian autous houtōs synachthentes pantes hoi tēs tōn choirōn toutōn kai kynōn * thiasōtai metalambanousin hekastos tǭ daktylǭ apo tou katakopentos paidiou.
They extract the embryo at whatever stage they can lay hands on it. They take this aborted infant and pound it in a mortar with a pestle, and mixing in honey, pepper and certain other spices and perfumes so as not to be nauseated, all the members of this … fellowship of swine and dogs gather and each partakes with his finger of the pounded child.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Epiphanius accuses them of aborting and eating the fetus.
- A hostile charge, of a kind also made against other groups in antiquity; it cannot be verified. The asterisk marks a gap.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.5.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:282; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-5-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.5.6Holl GCS 25/31:282
καὶ οὕτως τὴν άνθρωποβορίαν ἀπεργασάμενοι εὔχονται λοιπὸν τῷ θεῷ, ὅτι οὐκ ἐνεπαίχθημεν, φησίν, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄρχοντος τῆς ἐπιθυμίας, ἀλλὰ συνελέξαμεν τὸ παράπτωμα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ. καὶ δῆθεν τοῦτο τὸ τέλειον πάσχα ἡγοῦνται.
kai houtōs tēn anthrōpoborian apergasamenoi euchontai loipon tǭ theǭ, hoti ouk enepaichthēmen, phēsin, apo tou archontos tēs epithymias, alla synelexamen to paraptōma tou adelphou. kai dēthen touto to teleion pascha hēgountai.
And having thus committed cannibalism, they then pray to God: “We have not been mocked,” he says, “by the ruler of desire, but have gathered up the brother's transgression.” And they suppose this is the perfect Pascha.
Notes and citation
Summary: They call this the perfect Passover.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.5.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:282; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-5-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.5.7Holl GCS 25/31:282
ἄλλα δὲ ὅσα δεινὰ αὐτοὶς τετόλμηται. ὅταν γὰρ πάλιν ἐμμανεῖς ἐν ἑαυτοῖς γένωνται, φύραντες ἑαυτῶν τὰς χεῖρας τῇ ἑαυτῶν αἰσχρότητι τῆς άπορροίας ἐγείρονται καὶ τὰς ἑαυτῶν μεμολυσμένας ἔχοντες χεῖρας εὔχονται γυμνοὶ ὅλῳ τῷ σώματι, ὡς διὰ τῆς τοιαύτης ἐργασίας * εὑρίσκειν πρὸς θεὸν τὴν παρρησίαν.
alla de hosa deina autois tetolmētai. hotan gar palin emmaneis en heautois genōntai, phyrantes heautōn tas cheiras tę̄ heautōn aischrotēti tēs aporroias egeirontai kai tas heautōn memolysmenas echontes cheiras euchontai gymnoi holǭ tǭ sōmati, hōs dia tēs toiautēs ergasias * heuriskein pros theon tēn parrēsian.
And they dare other terrible things. For when again they become frenzied among themselves, they smear their hands with their own shameful emission, rise, and with their defiled hands pray naked in their whole body, as though by such a practice … finding boldness toward God.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: They pray naked with defiled hands.
- The asterisk marks a gap.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.5.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:282; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-5-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.5.8Holl GCS 25/31:282
τὰ σώματα δὲ αὐτῶν νύκτωρ τε καὶ μεθʼ ἡμέραν τημελοῦσι, γυναικάρια καὶ ἀνθρωπάρια, μυριζόμενοι λουόμενοι θοιναζόμενοι, κοίταις τε καὶ μέθαις σχολάζοντες. καὶ καταρῶνται τὸν νηστεύοντα, λέγοντες, οὐ δεῖ νηστεύειν· τοῦ γὰρ ἄρχοντος τούτου τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὸν αἰῶνά ἐστιν ἡ νηστεία. δεῖ δὲ τρέφεσθαι εἰς τὸ τὰ σώματα εἶναι ἐσχυρά, εἰς τὸ δυνασθαι τὸν καρπὸν ἀποδιδόναι κατὰ καιρὸν αὐτοῦ.
ta sōmata de autōn nyktōr te kai methʼ hēmeran tēmelousi, gynaikaria kai anthrōparia, myrizomenoi louomenoi thoinazomenoi, koitais te kai methais scholazontes. kai katarōntai ton nēsteuonta, legontes, ou dei nēsteuein; tou gar archontos toutou tou poiēsantos ton aiōna estin hē nēsteia. dei de trephesthai eis to ta sōmata einai eschyra, eis to dynasthai ton karpon apodidonai kata kairon autou.
They pamper their bodies night and day, silly women and silly men, anointing themselves, bathing, feasting, spending their time in beds and drunkenness. And they curse anyone who fasts, saying, one must not fast; for fasting belongs to this ruler who made the age. One must feed oneself so that the bodies may be strong, so as to be able to yield their fruit in due season.
2 Tim 3:6 (echo, low confidence) · Ps 1:3 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They pamper their bodies and condemn fasting.
- “Silly women”: cf. 2 Tim 3:6. “Yield fruit in its season”: Ps 1:3.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.5.8 (Holl GCS 25/31:282; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-5-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 26, chapter 6
26.6.1Holl GCS 25/31:282
6. Χρῶνται δὲ καὶ παλαιᾷ καὶ καινῇ διαθήκῃ, ἀπαγορεύουσι δὲ τὸν λαλήσαντα ἐν τῇ παλαιᾷ διαθήκῃ. καὶ ὅταν μὲν ῥῆμα εὕρωσί τι κατʼ αὐτῶν δυνάμενον ἔχειν τὸν νοῦν, φασίν, ὅτι τοῦτο ἀπὸ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ κοσμικοῦ λελάληται·
6. Chrōntai de kai palaią kai kainę̄ diathēkę̄, apagoreuousi de ton lalēsanta en tę̄ palaią diathēkę̄. kai hotan men rhēma heurōsi ti katʼ autōn dynamenon echein ton noun, phasin, hoti touto apo tou pneumatos tou kosmikou lelalētai;
They use both the Old and New Testaments, but reject the one who spoke in the Old Testament. And whenever they find a text whose sense can be against them, they say that this was spoken by the worldly spirit;
Notes and citation
Summary: They reject Scripture texts against them as from the worldly spirit.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.6.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:282; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-6-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.6.2Holl GCS 25/31:282–283
ἐὰν δέ τις εἰς ὁμοίωσιν τῆς αὐτῶν ἐπιθυμίας δυνηθείη σχηματίζεσθαι λόγος, οὐχ ὡς ἔστι τὸ ῥῆμα, ἀλλʼ ὡς ἔχει ὁ αὐτῶν ἠπατημένος νοῦς, τοῦτον μετασκευάζοντες εἰς τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἐπιθυμίαν φάσκουσιν ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ τῆς ἀληθείας λελαλῆσθαι.
ean de tis eis homoiōsin tēs autōn epithymias dynētheiē schēmatizesthai logos, ouch hōs esti to rhēma, allʼ hōs echei ho autōn ēpatēmenos nous, touton metaskeuazontes eis tēn heautōn epithymian phaskousin ek tou pneumatos tou tēs alētheias lelalēsthai.
but if any saying can be shaped into a likeness of their desire, not as the text is but as their deluded mind has it, they remodel it to suit their desire and say it was spoken by the Spirit of truth.
Notes and citation
Summary: Texts they can bend they ascribe to the Spirit of truth.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.6.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:282–283; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-6-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.6.3Holl GCS 25/31:283
καὶ τοῦτό ἐστι, φησίν, ὅ εἰπεν ὁ κύριος περὶ Ἰωάννου »τί ἐξήλθετε εἰς τὴν ἔρημον θεάσασθαι; κάλαμον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενον;« ὅτι οὐκ ἦν, φησί, τέλειος ὁ Ἰωάννης· ἐνεπνέετο γὰρ ὑπὸ πολλῶν πνευμάτων κατὰ τὸν κάλαμον τὸν ἐπὶ ἑκάστῳ ἀνέμῳ κινούμενον.
kai touto esti, phēsin, ho eipen ho kyrios peri Iōannou »ti exēlthete eis tēn erēmon theasasthai? kalamon hypo anemou saleuomenon?« hoti ouk ēn, phēsi, teleios ho Iōannēs; enepneeto gar hypo pollōn pneumatōn kata ton kalamon ton epi hekastǭ anemǭ kinoumenon.
And this is, he says, what the Lord said about John: “What did you go out into the desert to see? A reed shaken by the wind?” For John, he says, was not perfect; he was inspired by many spirits, like the reed moved by every wind.
Matt 11:7 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They claim John the Baptist was imperfect, moved by many spirits.
- Matt 11:7.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.6.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:283; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-6-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.6.4Holl GCS 25/31:283
καὶ ὅτε μὲν ἤρχετο τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ ἄρχοντος, Ἰουδαϊσμὸν ἐκήρυττεν· ὅτε δὲ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, περὶ Χριστοῦ ἐλάλει. καὶ τοῦτό ἐστι, φησίν, ὅτι »ὁ μικρότερος ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ <καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς>«. περὶ ἡμῶν, φησίν, εἶπεν, ὅτι ὁ ἐν ἡμῖν μικρότερος μείζων αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχει.
kai hote men ērcheto to pneuma tou archontos, Ioudaïsmon ekērytten; hote de to pneuma to hagion, peri Christou elalei. kai touto esti, phēsin, hoti »ho mikroteros en tę̄ basileią <kai ta hexēs>«. peri hēmōn, phēsin, eipen, hoti ho en hēmin mikroteros meizōn autou hyparchei.
And when the spirit of the ruler came, he preached Judaism; but when the Holy Spirit came, he spoke about Christ. And this is, he says, “the least in the kingdom,” and so on. He said it of us, he says, that the least among us is greater than he.
Matt 11:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They apply “the least in the kingdom” to themselves.
- Matt 11:11.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (repeated word): βασιλείᾳ καὶ <καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς> → βασιλείᾳ <καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς>.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.6.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:283; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-6-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 26, chapter 7
26.7.1Holl GCS 25/31:283
7. Καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπιστομίζονται οἱ τοιοῦτοι ἀπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀληθείας. ἐκ γὰρ τῶν συνεζευγμένων ἑκάστῃ λέξει ἀναφανδὸν ἡ ἀλήθεια δειχθήσεται καὶ τὸ ἐχέγγυον τῆς φράσεως ἀποδοθήσεται.
7. Kai euthys epistomizontai hoi toioutoi apʼ autēs tēs alētheias. ek gar tōn synezeugmenōn hekastę̄ lexei anaphandon hē alētheia deichthēsetai kai to echengyon tēs phraseōs apodothēsetai.
And such people are at once silenced by the truth itself. For from the words joined to each expression the truth will be shown openly and the guarantee of the saying will be given.
Notes and citation
Summary: The context refutes their reading.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.7.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:283; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-7-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.7.2Holl GCS 25/31:283
εἰ μὲν γὰρ ὁ Ἰωάννης μαλακὰ ἠμφίεστο καὶ ἐν οἴκοις βασιλέων ὑπῆρχεν, ὀρθὴ ἂν πρὸς αὐτὸν ἡ λέξις καὶ εύθεῖα πρὸς ἔλεγχον τοῦ αὐτοῦ ὑπῆρχεν· εἰ δὲ <λέγει> »τί ἐξήλθετε ἰδεῖν; ἄνθρωπον ἐν μαλακοῖς ἱματίοις ἠμφιεσμένον;‘ καὶ οὐχ οὕτως εἶχεν, οὐκέτι τὸ ἔγκλημα ἐπὶ τὸν οὐ μαλακὰ φοροῦντα Ἰωάννην τοῦ λόγου ἐπενεκτέον, ἀλλὰ ἐπὶ τοὺς οὕτως εὑρήσειν τὸν Ἰωάννην νομίσαντας καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν ἔνδον ἐν οἴκοις βασιλέων πολλάκις κατὰ ὑπόκρισιν κολακευομένους ἡ ἀναγωγή.
ei men gar ho Iōannēs malaka ēmphiesto kai en oikois basileōn hypērchen, orthē an pros auton hē lexis kai eutheia pros elenchon tou autou hypērchen; ei de <legei> »ti exēlthete idein? anthrōpon en malakois himatiois ēmphiesmenon?‘ kai ouch houtōs eichen, ouketi to enklēma epi ton ou malaka phorounta Iōannēn tou logou epenekteon, alla epi tous houtōs heurēsein ton Iōannēn nomisantas kai hypo tōn endon en oikois basileōn pollakis kata hypokrisin kolakeuomenous hē anagōgē.
For if John had been clothed in soft garments and lived in kings' houses, the saying would be right against him and straightforwardly a reproof of him; but if he says, “What did you go out to see? A man clothed in soft garments?” and it was not so, the charge of the saying must no longer be brought against John, who did not wear soft clothing, but the reference is to those who thought they would find John so, and who were often flattered hypocritically by those inside kings' houses.
Matt 11:8 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The rebuke is aimed at the crowds, not at John.
- Matt 11:8.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter): ἄνθρωπον Ι ἐν μαλακοῖς → ἄνθρωπον ἐν μαλακοῖς.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.7.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:283; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-7-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.7.3Holl GCS 25/31:283
ἐνόμιζον γὰρ οὑτοι ἐξερχόμενοι καὶ παρὰ Ἰωάννῃ ἐπαίνους εὑρίσκειν καὶ μακαρισμοὺς ἐπὶ τοῖς ὑπʼ αὐτῶν καθʼ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν γινομένοις παραπτώμασιν.
enomizon gar houtoi exerchomenoi kai para Iōannę̄ epainous heuriskein kai makarismous epi tois hypʼ autōn kathʼ hekastēn hēmeran ginomenois paraptōmasin.
For these people, going out, thought they would find praise and blessing from John too for the transgressions they committed daily.
Notes and citation
Summary: The crowds expected John to flatter them.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.7.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:283; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-7-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.7.4Holl GCS 25/31:283–284
ὡς δὲ οὐχ ηὑρου, ἀνατρεπτικῶς παρὰ τοῦ σωτῆρος πρὸς αὐτοὺς εἴρηται ὅτι »τί ἐνομίζετε εὺρίσκειν; συμπεριφερόμενον τοῖς ὑμῶν πάθεσιν ἄνθρωπον, ὡς κατὰ τοὺς μαλακὰ φοροῦντας; οὐχ οὕτως· οὐ γάρ ἐστιν Ἰωάννης κάλαμος σαλευόμενος γνώμαις ἀνθρώπων, ὡς δονούμενος κάλαμος ὑπὸ ἑκάστης ἀνέμων ἐξουσίας «
hōs de ouch hēurou, anatreptikōs para tou sōtēros pros autous eirētai hoti »ti enomizete euriskein? symperipheromenon tois hymōn pathesin anthrōpon, hōs kata tous malaka phorountas? ouch houtōs; ou gar estin Iōannēs kalamos saleuomenos gnōmais anthrōpōn, hōs donoumenos kalamos hypo hekastēs anemōn exousias «
But when they did not find it, the Savior said to them by way of refutation, “What did you think you would find? A man going along with your passions, like those who wear soft clothing? Not so; for John is not a reed shaken by the opinions of men, like a reed tossed by every power of the winds.”
Matt 11:7 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Jesus' words defend John's steadfastness.
- Epiphanius's paraphrase of Matt 11:7–8.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.7.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:283–284; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-7-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.7.5Holl GCS 25/31:284
ἐπειδὴ δὲ εἶπεν »ἐν γεννητοῖς γυναικῶν οὐκ ἔστι μείζων Ἰωάννου«, ἵνα μή τινες νομίσωσι καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ σωτῆρος μείζονα εἶναι τὸν Ἰωάννην, ὅτι καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπὸ γυναικὸς ἐγεννήθη τῆς Μαρίας τῆς άειπαρθένου διὰ πνεύματος ὰγίου, ἀσφαλιζόμενος ἡμᾶς ἴφη ὅτι ὁ μικρότερος αύτοῦ, τουτέστιν ἐν τῷ χρόνῳ τῆς ἐνσάρκου παρουσίας, μείζων αὐτοῦ ἐστιν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν.
epeidē de eipen »en gennētois gynaikōn ouk esti meizōn Iōannou«, hina mē tines nomisōsi kai autou tou sōtēros meizona einai ton Iōannēn, hoti kai autos apo gynaikos egennēthē tēs Marias tēs aeiparthenou dia pneumatos agiou, asphalizomenos hēmas iphē hoti ho mikroteros autou, toutestin en tǭ chronǭ tēs ensarkou parousias, meizōn autou estin en tę̄ basileią tōn ouranōn.
And since he said, “Among those born of women there is none greater than John,” so that some might not think John greater even than the Savior himself, because he too was born of a woman, Mary the ever-virgin, through the Holy Spirit, he safeguarded us by saying that the one younger than he, that is, in the time of his coming in the flesh, is greater than he in the kingdom of heaven.
Matt 11:11 (quotation, high confidence) · Luke 7:28 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: “The least” in Matt 11:11 is Christ, younger than John.
- Matt 11:11; Luke 7:28.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.7.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:284; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-7-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.7.6Holl GCS 25/31:284
ἐπειδὴ γὰρ μετὰ ἑξάμηνον ἐγεννήθη ὁ σωτὴρ τῆς Ἰωάννου γεννήσεως, δῆλον ὅτι *, μείζων αὐτοῦ ὤν· ἠν γὰρ ἀεὶ καὶ ἔστιν. τίνι δὲ τοῦτο οὐ δῆλόν ἐστιν; ἄρα γοῦν ματαίως τὰ πάντα παρʼ αὐτοῖς πεποιήτευται, ἀπὸ ἀγαθῶν εἰς φαῦλα μεταβεβλημένα.
epeidē gar meta hexamēnon egennēthē ho sōtēr tēs Iōannou gennēseōs, dēlon hoti *, meizōn autou ōn; ēn gar aei kai estin. tini de touto ou dēlon estin? ara goun mataiōs ta panta parʼ autois pepoiēteutai, apo agathōn eis phaula metabeblēmena.
For since the Savior was born six months after John's birth, it is clear that …, being greater than he; for he always was and is. To whom is this not clear? So everything they say has been composed in vain, changed from good to bad.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Luke 1:36 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ, born after John, is greater because eternal.
- Luke 1:26, 36. The asterisk marks a gap.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.7.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:284; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-7-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Haer. 26, chapter 8
26.8.1Holl GCS 25/31:284
8. Καὶ τὰ μὲν βιβλία αὐτῶν πολλά. ἐρωτήσεις γάρ τινας Μαρίας ἐκτίθεται, ἄλλοι δὲ εἰς τὸν προειρημένον Ἰαλδαβαὼθ εἰς ὄνομα τε τοῦ Σὴθ πολλὰ βιβλία ὑποτίθενται· ἀποκαλύψεις δὲ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ ἄλλα λέγουσιν, εὐαγγέλια δὲ ἕτερα εἰς ὄνομα τῶν μαθητῶν συγγράψασθαι τετολμήκασιν, αὐτὸν δὲ τὸν σωτῆρα ἡμῶν καὶ κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνονται λέγειν ὅτι αὐτὸς ἀπεκάλυψε ταύτην τὴν αἰσχρουργίαν.
8. Kai ta men biblia autōn polla. erōtēseis gar tinas Marias ektithetai, alloi de eis ton proeirēmenon Ialdabaōth eis onoma te tou Sēth polla biblia hypotithentai; apokalypseis de tou Adam alla legousin, euangelia de hetera eis onoma tōn mathētōn syngrapsasthai tetolmēkasin, auton de ton sōtēra hēmōn kai kyrion Iēsoun Christon ouk aischynontai legein hoti autos apekalypse tautēn tēn aischrourgian.
Their books are many. They put out certain Questions of Mary; others attribute many books to the Ialdabaoth already mentioned and to the name of Seth; they speak of other Revelations of Adam, and have dared to write other gospels in the name of the disciples; and they are not ashamed to say that our Savior and Lord Jesus Christ himself revealed this obscenity.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Gnostics' books: Questions of Mary, books of Seth, Revelations of Adam, gospels.
- These books are lost or known only in part (e.g. the Nag Hammadi Apocalypse of Adam may be related); none has an entry in the site's list of extrabiblical texts.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (joined words): Ἀδὰμἄλλα → Ἀδὰμ ἄλλα.
Topics: Heresy, Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.8.1 (Holl GCS 25/31:284; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-8-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.8.2Holl GCS 25/31:284
ἐν γὰρ ταῖς ἐρωτήσεσι Μαρίας καλουμέναις μεγάλαις εἰσὶ γὰρ καὶ μικραὶ αὐτοῖς πεπλασμέναι) ὑποτίθενται αὐτὸν αὐτῇ άποκαλύπτειν, παραλαβόντα αὐτὴν εἰς τὸ ὄρος καὶ εύξάμενον καὶ ἐκβαλόντα ἐκ τῆς πλευρᾶς αὐτοῦ γυναῖκα καὶ ἀρξάμενον αὐτῇ ἐγκαταμίγνυσθαι, καὶ οὕτως δῆθεν τὴν ἀπόρροιαν αὐτοῦ μεταλαβόντα δεῖξαι ὅτι »δεῖ οὕτως ποιεῖν, ἵνα ζήσωμεν«,
en gar tais erōtēsesi Marias kaloumenais megalais eisi gar kai mikrai autois peplasmenai) hypotithentai auton autę̄ apokalyptein, paralabonta autēn eis to oros kai euxamenon kai ekbalonta ek tēs pleuras autou gynaika kai arxamenon autę̄ enkatamignysthai, kai houtōs dēthen tēn aporroian autou metalabonta deixai hoti »dei houtōs poiein, hina zēsōmen«,
For in the so-called Great Questions of Mary (there are also Little ones fabricated by them) they suppose that he gave her a revelation: that he took her to the mountain, prayed, took a woman out of his side, began to have intercourse with her, and so, partaking of his emission, showed that “we must do so, that we may live,”
Notes and citation
Summary: The Great Questions of Mary contain an obscene revelation scene.
- Quoted from the Great Questions of Mary (lost).
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.8.2 (Holl GCS 25/31:284; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-8-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.8.3Holl GCS 25/31:284
καὶ ὡς τῆς Μαρίας ταραχθείσης καὶ πεσούσης χαμαὶ αὐτὸν πάλιν αὐτὴν ἐγείραντα εἰπεῖν αὐτῇ
kai hōs tēs Marias tarachtheisēs kai pesousēs chamai auton palin autēn egeiranta eipein autę̄
and that when Mary was troubled and fell to the ground, he raised her up again and said to her,
Notes and citation
Summary: Mary falls in dismay.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.8.3 (Holl GCS 25/31:284; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-8-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.8.4Holl GCS 25/31:284–285
»ἵνα τί ἐδίστασας, ὀλιγόπιστε;« καί φασιν ὅτι τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ εἰρημένον ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ, ὅτι »εἰ τὰ ἐπίγεια εἶπον ὑμῖν καὶ οὐ πιστεύετε, τὰ ἐπουράνια πῶς πιστεύσετε;« καὶ τό »ὅταν ἴδητε τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἀνερχόμενον ὅπου ἦν τὸ πρότερον«. τουτέστιν τὴν άπόρροιαν μεταλαμβανομένην ὅθεν καὶ ἐξῆλθεν,
»hina ti edistasas, oligopiste?« kai phasin hoti touto esti to eirēmenon en tǭ euangeliǭ, hoti »ei ta epigeia eipon hymin kai ou pisteuete, ta epourania pōs pisteusete?« kai to »hotan idēte ton huion tou anthrōpou anerchomenon hopou ēn to proteron«. toutestin tēn aporroian metalambanomenēn hothen kai exēlthen,
“Why did you doubt, you of little faith?” And they say this is what is said in the Gospel: “If I have told you earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe heavenly things?” and, “when you see the Son of Man ascending where he was before,” that is, the emission being taken back to where it came from;
Matt 14:31 (quotation, high confidence) · John 3:12 (quotation, high confidence) · John 6:62 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They twist Gospel sayings to support their rite.
- Matt 14:31; John 3:12; 6:62.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR slip; word split by a line-end hyphen): ὀλογόπιστε → ὀλιγόπιστε; εἰρη- μένον → εἰρημένον.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.8.4 (Holl GCS 25/31:284–285; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-8-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.8.5Holl GCS 25/31:285
καὶ τὸ εἰπεῖν »ἐὰν μὴ φάγητέ μου τὴν σάρκα καὶ πίητέ μου τὸ αἱμα« καὶ τῶν μαθητῶν ταρασσομένων καὶ λεγόντων »τίς δύναται τοῦτο άκοῦσαι;« φασὶν ὡς περὶ τῆς αἰσχρότητος ἠν ὁ λόγος.
kai to eipein »ean mē phagēte mou tēn sarka kai piēte mou to haima« kai tōn mathētōn tarassomenōn kai legontōn »tis dynatai touto akousai?« phasin hōs peri tēs aischrotētos ēn ho logos.
and the saying, “Unless you eat my flesh and drink my blood,” and when the disciples were troubled and said, “Who can listen to this?”, they say the word was about the obscenity.
John 6:53 (quotation, high confidence) · John 6:60 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They apply John 6 to their obscene rite.
- John 6:53, 60.
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.8.5 (Holl GCS 25/31:285; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-8-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.8.6Holl GCS 25/31:285
διὸ καὶ ἐταράχθησαν καὶ ἀπῆλθον εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω· οὔπω γὰρ ἠσαν, φησίν, ἐν πληρώματι ἐστερεωμένοι.
dio kai etarachthēsan kai apēlthon eis ta opisō; oupō gar ēsan, phēsin, en plērōmati estereōmenoi.
Therefore they were troubled and went back; for they were not yet, he says, established in the fullness.
John 6:66 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The disciples who left were not yet “in the fullness.”
- John 6:66.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.8.6 (Holl GCS 25/31:285; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-8-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
26.8.7Holl GCS 25/31:285
καὶ τὸ εἰπεῖν τὸν Δαυίδ »ἔσται ὡς τὸ ξύλον τὸ πεφυτευμένον παρὰ τὰς διεξόδους τῶν ὑδάτων, ὃ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ δώσει ἐν καιρῷ αὐτοῦ« περὶ τῆς αἰσχρότητος τοῦ άνδρός, φησί, λέγει. »ἐπὶ τὴν ἔξοδον τῶν ὺδάτων« καί »ὃ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ δώσει« τὴν τῆς ὴδονῆς ἀπόρροιαν, φησί, λέγει· καί »τὸ φύλλον αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἀπορρυήσται«, ὅτι οὐχ ἐῶμεν, φησίν, αὐτὸ χαμαὶ πεσεῖν, ἀλλὰ αὐτοὶ αὐτὸ ἐσθίομεν
kai to eipein ton Dauid »estai hōs to xylon to pephyteumenon para tas diexodous tōn hydatōn, ho ton karpon autou dōsei en kairǭ autou« peri tēs aischrotētos tou andros, phēsi, legei. »epi tēn exodon tōn ydatōn« kai »ho ton karpon autou dōsei« tēn tēs ēdonēs aporroian, phēsi, legei; kai »to phyllon autou ouk aporryēstai«, hoti ouch eōmen, phēsin, auto chamai pesein, alla autoi auto esthiomen
And David's saying, “He shall be like the tree planted by the streams of water, which will yield its fruit in its season,” he says, refers to the man's obscenity. “By the outflow of the waters” and “which will yield its fruit,” he says, refers to the emission of pleasure; and “its leaf shall not fall off,” because we do not let it fall to the ground, he says, but eat it ourselves.
Ps 1:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: They read Psalm 1 obscenely.
- Ps 1:3.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Epiphanius, Pan. 26.8.7 (Holl GCS 25/31:285; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/epiphanius-panarion/25-2-1/#p-26-8-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
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Translation: Translated by Claude from Holl's Greek text (GCS 25, 1915; GCS 31, 1922); no public-domain English or FOTC translation exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.