Interpretation of the Psalms 36.1–37.22
Greek text: PG 80.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 36
36.1PG 80 80:1125
- Ψαλμὸς τῷ Δαβίδ. Μὴ παραζήλου ἐν πονηρευομένοις· μηδὲ ζήλου τοὺς ποιοῦντας τὴν ἀνομίαν. » Τῇ πείρᾳ μαθὼν ὁ θεῖος Δαβὶδ, ὅσων ἀγαθῶν πρόξενος ἡ πραότης, καὶ ὅτι τῶν ἀδικίᾳ συζώντων καὶ ἀλαζονείᾳ χρωμένων, τὸ τέλος ἀνιαρὸν καὶ τῷ βίῳ κατάλληλον· ἐμεμαθήκει δὲ ταῦτα ἔκ τε τῶν κατὰ τὸν Σαούλ καὶ τὸν ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ, καὶ τῶν ἄλλων, ὅσοι τούτων δεδράκασι παραπλήσια· παραίνεσιν εἰσφέρει πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις· φέρειν μὲν καλῶς παρακαλῶν τὰ προσπίπτοντα λυπηρὰ, τὰς δὲ τῶν πονηρῶν ἀνθρώπων εὐημερίας καὶ εὐπραξίας μὴ μακαρίας νομίζειν, ἀθλίας δὲ μᾶλλον ἀποκαλεῖν · οὗ δὴ χάριν εὐθὺς ᾿ ἀρξάμενος τοῦ ψαλμοῦ, φησί « Μή παραζήλου ἐν πονηρευομένοις, μηδὲ ζήλου τοὺς ποιοῦντας τὴν ἀνομίαν. » Τὸ δὲ μὴ παραζήλου ὁ μὲν Σύμμαχος, μὴ φιλονείκει, ὁ δὲ Θεοδοτίων, μὴ παρερεθίζου ἡρμήνευσεν· ἀντὶ τοῦ, Μὴ παροξύνου εἰς μίμησιν τῶν παρανομίᾳ συζώντων, τὴν προσγενομένην αὐτοῖς εὐκληρίαν θεώμενος. Καὶ δεικνὺς τῆς εὐποτμίας τὸ πρόσκαιρον, εὐθὺς ἐπήγαγεν ·
- Psalmos tǭ Dabid. Mē parazēlou en ponēreuomenois; mēde zēlou tous poiountas tēn anomian. » Tę̄ peirą mathōn ho theios Dabid, hosōn agathōn proxenos hē praotēs, kai hoti tōn adikią syzōntōn kai alazoneią chrōmenōn, to telos aniaron kai tǭ biǭ katallēlon; ememathēkei de tauta ek te tōn kata ton Saoul kai ton ᾿Abessalōm, kai tōn allōn, hosoi toutōn dedrakasi paraplēsia; parainesin eispherei pasin anthrōpois; pherein men kalōs parakalōn ta prospiptonta lypēra, tas de tōn ponērōn anthrōpōn euēmerias kai eupraxias mē makarias nomizein, athlias de mallon apokalein ; hou dē charin euthys ᾿ arxamenos tou psalmou, phēsi « Mē parazēlou en ponēreuomenois, mēde zēlou tous poiountas tēn anomian. » To de mē parazēlou ho men Symmachos, mē philoneikei, ho de Theodotiōn, mē parerethizou hērmēneusen; anti tou, Mē paroxynou eis mimēsin tōn paranomią syzōntōn, tēn prosgenomenēn autois euklērian theōmenos. Kai deiknys tēs eupotmias to proskairon, euthys epēgagen ;
"A psalm of David. Do not be provoked by evildoers, and do not envy those who do iniquity." The divine David, having learned by experience how many good things meekness brings, and that the end of those who live with injustice and boastfulness is grievous and suited to their life (he had learned this from the cases of Saul, of Absalom, and of the others who had done similar things), offers an exhortation to all people, urging them to bear well the troubles that befall them, and not to think the prosperity and success of wicked people blessed, but rather to call it wretched. For this reason, beginning the psalm at once, he says: "Do not be provoked by evildoers, and do not envy those who do iniquity." For "do not be provoked" Symmachus rendered "do not contend," and Theodotion "do not be irritated"; that is: "Do not be spurred to imitate those who live with lawlessness when you see the good fortune that has come to them." And showing that their good luck is temporary, he at once added:
Ps 37:1 (36:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:1: taught by experience, David urges all not to envy the prosperity of the wicked.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.1 (PG 80 80:1125; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.2PG 80 80:1127
« Ὅτι ὡσεὶ χόρτος ταχὺ ἀποξηρανθήσονται, καὶ ὡσεὶ λάχανα χλόης ταχὺ ἀποπεσοῦνται. » Ταῦτα καὶ ὁ μακάριος Ἡσαΐας ἔφη· « Πᾶσα σάρξ χόρτος, καὶ πᾶσα δόξα ἀνθρώπου ὡς ἄνθος χόρτου ἐξηράνθη ὁ χόρτος, καὶ τὸ ἄνθος αὐτοῦ ἐξέπεσε, τὸ δὲ ῥῆμα Κυρίου μένει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.» Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ὁ μακάριος ἔφη Δαβίδ ·
« Hoti hōsei chortos tachy apoxēranthēsontai, kai hōsei lachana chloēs tachy apopesountai. » Tauta kai ho makarios Hēsaïas ephē; « Pasa sarx chortos, kai pasa doxa anthrōpou hōs anthos chortou exēranthē ho chortos, kai to anthos autou exepese, to de rhēma Kyriou menei eis ton aiōna.» Touto de kai ho makarios ephē Dabid ;
"For like grass they will quickly wither, and like green herbs they will quickly fall." The blessed Isaiah too said this: "All flesh is grass, and all the glory of man like the flower of grass; the grass withered and its flower fell, but the word of the Lord abides forever." And the blessed David said this too:
Ps 37:2 (36:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 40:6 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 40:7 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 40:8 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:2: the wicked wither quickly like grass, as Isaiah also says.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): αὐτοῦ σε ἐξέπεσε → αὐτοῦ ἐξέπεσε.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.2 (PG 80 80:1127; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.3PG 80 80:1127
« Ἔλπισον ἐπὶ Κύριον, καὶ ποίει χρηστότητα, καὶ κατασκήνου τὴν γῆν, καὶ ποιμανθήσῃ ἐπὶ τῷ πλούτῳ αὐτῆς. Κατατρύφησον τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ δώῃ σοι τὰ αἰτήματα τῆς καρδίας σου. » Διὰ πάντων ἐδίδαξε τῆς εἰς Θεὸν ἐλπίδος τὸ κερδαλέον· ὁ γὰρ εἰς αὐτὸν, φησὶν, ἐλπίζων, καὶ ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ποιμαινόμενος, τῶν ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ χορηγουμένων ἀπολαύσεται διαφερόντως δὲ τεύξονται τούτων οἱ τρυφὴν ἡγούμενοι τὴν διηνεκή πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁμιλίαν.
« Elpison epi Kyrion, kai poiei chrēstotēta, kai kataskēnou tēn gēn, kai poimanthēsę̄ epi tǭ ploutǭ autēs. Katatryphēson tou Kyriou, kai dōę̄ soi ta aitēmata tēs kardias sou. » Dia pantōn edidaxe tēs eis Theon elpidos to kerdaleon; ho gar eis auton, phēsin, elpizōn, kai hyp᾿ autou poimainomenos, tōn hyp᾿ autou chorēgoumenōn apolausetai diapherontōs de teuxontai toutōn hoi tryphēn hēgoumenoi tēn diēnekē pros auton homilian.
"Hope in the Lord and do kindness, and dwell in the land, and you will be fed on its wealth. Delight in the Lord, and he will give you the requests of your heart." Through all this he taught the gain of hope in God. "For the one who hopes in him," he says, "and is shepherded by him will enjoy what he supplies." And those will obtain these things in a special degree who count continual converse with him their delight.
Ps 37:3 (36:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:4 (36:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:3–4: those who hope in God and delight in him will enjoy what he provides.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ποιμανθήσῃ δε ἐπὶ → ποιμανθήσῃ ἐπὶ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.3 (PG 80 80:1127; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.5PG 80 80:1127
«᾿Αποκάλυψον πρὸς Κύριον τὴν ὁδόν σου, καὶ ἔλπισον ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸν, καὶ αὐτὸς ποιήσει. Καὶ ἐξοίσει ὡς φῶς τὴν δικαιοσύνην σου, καὶ τὸ κρίμα σου, ὡς μεσημβρίαν. Τῷ Θεῷ, φησὶ, καὶ σαὐτὸν, καὶ τὰς σὰς πράξεις ἀνάθου, καὶ τὴν παρ' αὐτοῦ πρόσμενε ῥοπήν· αὐτὸς γὰρ οἷα δικαστὴς ἐξοίσει δικαίαν τὴν ψῆφον, καὶ ἀνακηρύξει σε, καὶ λαμπρὸν ἀπεργάσεται, ὡς εἶναι δῆλον ἅπασι, καθὼς τῆς μεσημβρίας τὸ φῶς.
«᾿Apokalypson pros Kyrion tēn hodon sou, kai elpison ep᾿ auton, kai autos poiēsei. Kai exoisei hōs phōs tēn dikaiosynēn sou, kai to krima sou, hōs mesēmbrian. Tǭ Theǭ, phēsi, kai sauton, kai tas sas praxeis anathou, kai tēn par' autou prosmene rhopēn; autos gar hoia dikastēs exoisei dikaian tēn psēphon, kai anakēryxei se, kai lampron apergasetai, hōs einai dēlon hapasi, kathōs tēs mesēmbrias to phōs.
"Reveal your way to the Lord and hope in him, and he will act. And he will bring forth your righteousness like light and your judgment like midday." "Entrust to God," he says, "both yourself and your deeds, and await his aid. For he, as judge, will bring forth a just verdict, proclaim you, and make you bright, so that it is plain to all, like the light of midday."
Ps 37:5 (36:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:6 (36:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:5–6: entrust yourself to God, who as judge will vindicate you openly.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.5 (PG 80 80:1127; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.7PG 80 80:1127
« Ὑποτάγηθι τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ ἱκέτευσον αὐτόν. » Ταῦτα τοίνυν εἰδὼς, πείθου τῷ Θεῷ κυβερνῶντι, καὶ αἰτῶν παρ' αὐτοῦ τὰ ἀγαθὰ διατέλει . Μὴ παραζήλου ἐν τῷ κατευοδουμένῳ ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ αὐτοῦ· ἐν ἀνθρώπῳ ποιοῦντι παρανομίαν. » Κἄν τινα ἴδῃς πονηρὰ προαιρούμενον, καὶ τοῦ σκοποῦ μὴ διαμαρτάνοντα, ἀλλὰ κατὰ ῥοῦν φερόμενον, μή δυσχέραινε, μηδὲ δυσφόρει, ὡς μηδενὸς τὴν κτίσιν ἰθύνοντος. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα · « Παῦσαι ἀπὸ ὀργῆς, καὶ ἐγκατάλιπε θυμόν· μὴ παραζήλου ὥστε πονηρεύεσθαι. Ὅτι οἱ πονηρευόμενοι ἐξολοθρευθήσονται. » Μὴ ἴδῃς αὐτῶν τὴν εὐημερίαν, ἀλλὰ πρόσμεινον τὸ τέλος , καὶ ὄψει τὸν ὄλεθρον. « Οἱ δὲ ὑπομένοντες τὸν Κύριον, αὐτοὶ κληρονομήσουσι γῆν. Καὶ ἔτι ὀλίγον, καὶ οὐ μὴ ὑπάρξῃ ὁ ἁμαρτωλὸς, καὶ ζητήσεις τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐ μὴ εὕρῃς. Οἱ δὲ πραεῖς κληρονομήσουσι γῆν, καὶ κατατρυφήσουσιν ἐπὶ πλήθει εἰρήνης. » Εὖ γὰρ ἴσθι, ὅτι οἱ μὲν τῆς θείας ἐλπίδος σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἀναρτήσαντες, καὶ τὸν ἐπιεικῆ προαιρούμενοι βίον, ἐν ἀπραγμοσύνῃ καὶ εἰρήνῃ διατελέσουσι, τρυφήν ἔχοντες μόνιμον τοῦ συνειδότος τὴν καθαρότητα. Οἱ δὲ τῇ προσκαίρῳ εὐημερίᾳ θαῤῥοῦντες ταχεῖαν δέξονται τὴν μεταβολὴν, καὶ λήθῃ παραδοθήσονται παντελεῖ.
« Hypotagēthi tǭ Kyriǭ, kai hiketeuson auton. » Tauta toinyn eidōs, peithou tǭ Theǭ kybernōnti, kai aitōn par' autou ta agatha diatelei . Mē parazēlou en tǭ kateuodoumenǭ en tę̄ hodǭ autou; en anthrōpǭ poiounti paranomian. » Kan tina idę̄s ponēra proairoumenon, kai tou skopou mē diamartanonta, alla kata rhoun pheromenon, mē dyscheraine, mēde dysphorei, hōs mēdenos tēn ktisin ithynontos. Touto gar dēloi ta epagomena ; « Pausai apo orgēs, kai enkatalipe thymon; mē parazēlou hōste ponēreuesthai. Hoti hoi ponēreuomenoi exolothreuthēsontai. » Mē idę̄s autōn tēn euēmerian, alla prosmeinon to telos , kai opsei ton olethron. « Hoi de hypomenontes ton Kyrion, autoi klēronomēsousi gēn. Kai eti oligon, kai ou mē hyparxę̄ ho hamartōlos, kai zētēseis ton topon autou, kai ou mē heurę̄s. Hoi de praeis klēronomēsousi gēn, kai katatryphēsousin epi plēthei eirēnēs. » Eu gar isthi, hoti hoi men tēs theias elpidos sphas autous anartēsantes, kai ton epieikē proairoumenoi bion, en apragmosynę̄ kai eirēnę̄ diatelesousi, tryphēn echontes monimon tou syneidotos tēn katharotēta. Hoi de tę̄ proskairǭ euēmerią tharrhountes tacheian dexontai tēn metabolēn, kai lēthę̄ paradothēsontai pantelei.
"Submit to the Lord and entreat him." "Knowing these things, then, obey God as he steers, and keep asking good things from him." "Do not be provoked by the one who prospers in his way, by a man who does lawlessness." "Even if you see someone choosing wicked things and not missing his aim but carried along with the stream, do not be vexed or upset, as if no one steered creation." For what follows shows this: "Cease from anger and forsake wrath; do not be provoked so as to do evil. For evildoers will be destroyed." "Do not look at their prosperity, but wait for the end, and you will see their destruction." "But those who wait for the Lord, they will inherit the land. And yet a little while and the sinner will not be, and you will seek his place and not find it. But the meek will inherit the land and delight in the abundance of peace." "Know well that those who have hung themselves on divine hope and chosen the gentle life will continue in tranquility and peace, having as lasting delight the purity of their conscience. But those who trust in temporary prosperity will undergo a swift change and be handed over to utter oblivion."
Ps 37:7 (36:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:8 (36:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:9 (36:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:10 (36:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:11 (36:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:5 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:7–11: do not envy prospering evildoers; wait for their end, while the meek will inherit the land and the peace of a pure conscience.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (marginal verse numbers (OCR); split word with stray character (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): ἱκέτευσον δε αὐτόν → ἱκέτευσον αὐτόν; κυ& βερνῶντι → κυβερνῶντι; ἐπαγόμενα · ἡ', θ'. « → ἐπαγόμενα · «; Καὶ ἔτι δε ὀλίγον → Καὶ ἔτι ὀλίγον.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.7 (PG 80 80:1127; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.12PG 80 80:1129
« Παρατηρήσεται ὁ ἁμαρτωλὸς τὸν δίκαιον, καὶ βρύξει ἐπ' αὐτὸν τοὺς ὀδόντας αὐτοῦ. Ὁ δὲ Κύριος ἐκγελάσεται αὐτὸν, ὅτι προβλέπει, ὅτι ἤξει ἡ ἡμέρα αὐτοῦ. » Καὶ διὰ τούτων παραψυχὴν τοῖς ἀδικουμένοις προσφέρει. Δείκνυσι γὰρ τὸν μὲν παράνομον, λυττῶντα καὶ μεμηνότα κατὰ τῶν τὸν ἀπράγμονα βίον ἀσπαζομένων · τὸν δὲ δίκαιον κριτὴν καταγελῶντα τῆς ἐγχειρήσεως· ὅτε δὴ τὴν ταχεῖαν αὐτῶν τελευτὴν προορῶντα.
« Paratērēsetai ho hamartōlos ton dikaion, kai bryxei ep' auton tous odontas autou. Ho de Kyrios ekgelasetai auton, hoti problepei, hoti ēxei hē hēmera autou. » Kai dia toutōn parapsychēn tois adikoumenois prospherei. Deiknysi gar ton men paranomon, lyttōnta kai memēnota kata tōn ton apragmona bion aspazomenōn ; ton de dikaion kritēn katagelōnta tēs encheirēseōs; hote dē tēn tacheian autōn teleutēn proorōnta.
"The sinner will watch the righteous and gnash his teeth at him. But the Lord will laugh at him, for he foresees that his day will come." By these words too he offers comfort to the wronged. For he shows the lawless man raging and mad against those who embrace a quiet life, and the just judge laughing at the attempt, since he foresees their swift end.
Ps 37:12 (36:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:13 (36:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:12–13: God laughs at the raging of the wicked, foreseeing their swift end.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ἤξει ἡ σε ἡμέρα → ἤξει ἡ ἡμέρα.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.12 (PG 80 80:1129; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-12
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos-36-12) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.14PG 80 80:1129
« Ῥομφαίαν ἐσπάσαντο οἱ ἁμαρτωλοὶ, ἐνἑτειναν τόξον αὐτῶν, τοῦ καταβαλεῖν πτωχὸν καὶ πένητα, τοῦ σφάξαι τοὺς εὐθεῖς τῇ καρδίᾳ. Ἡ ῥομφαία αὐτῶν εἰσέλθοι εἰς τὰς καρδίας αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰ τόξα αὐτῶν συντριβείη. » Τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχει τοῖς προειρημένοις καὶ ταῦτα διάνοιαν. Διδάσκει γὰρ ὡς παντοδαπαῖς μὲν ὁ ἁμαρτωλὸς κατὰ τῶν οὐδὲν ἠδικηκότων κέχρηται μηχαναῖς, ταῖς δὲ οἰκείαις περιπαρήσεται πάγαις. Καὶ ῥομφαίαν γὰρ καὶ τόξον κέκληκε τὰς διαφόρους ἐπιβουλάς. "Εοικε ταῦτα τε τοῖς ἐν τῷ ἑβδόμῳ εἰρημένοις ψαλμῷ· «Λάκκον ὥρυξε καὶ ἀνέσκαψεν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐμπεσεῖται εἰς βόθρον ὃν εἰργάσατο.
« Rhomphaian espasanto hoi hamartōloi, eneteinan toxon autōn, tou katabalein ptōchon kai penēta, tou sphaxai tous eutheis tę̄ kardią. Hē rhomphaia autōn eiselthoi eis tas kardias autōn, kai ta toxa autōn syntribeiē. » Tēn autēn echei tois proeirēmenois kai tauta dianoian. Didaskei gar hōs pantodapais men ho hamartōlos kata tōn ouden ēdikēkotōn kechrētai mēchanais, tais de oikeiais periparēsetai pagais. Kai rhomphaian gar kai toxon keklēke tas diaphorous epiboulas. "Eoike tauta te tois en tǭ hebdomǭ eirēmenois psalmǭ; «Lakkon hōryxe kai aneskapsen auton, kai empeseitai eis bothron hon eirgasato.
"Sinners drew the sword and bent their bow, to bring down the poor and needy, to slaughter the upright in heart. Let their sword enter into their hearts, and let their bows be broken." These words too have the same sense as those before. For he teaches that the sinner uses every kind of device against those who have done no wrong, but will be caught in his own snares. He called the various plots sword and bow. This resembles what was said in the seventh psalm: "He dug a pit and hollowed it out, and he will fall into the hole he made."
Ps 37:14 (36:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:15 (36:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 7:15 (7:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:14–15: the plots of the wicked will turn back on themselves.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.14 (PG 80 80:1129; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-14
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.16PG 80 80:1129
« Κρείσσον ὀλίγον τῷ δικαίῳ, ὑπὲρ πλοῦτον ἁμαρτωλῶν πολύν. » ῎Αμεινον, φησὶ, μετὰ δικαιοσύνης αὐτάρκεια, παρανόμου πλούτου καὶ περιουσίας ἀδίκου. Εἶτα δεικνὺς " τὴν ἀμφοτέρων ἐπικαρπίαν, φησίν -
« Kreisson oligon tǭ dikaiǭ, hyper plouton hamartōlōn polyn. » ᾿Ameinon, phēsi, meta dikaiosynēs autarkeia, paranomou ploutou kai periousias adikou. Eita deiknys " tēn amphoterōn epikarpian, phēsin -
"Better is a little for the righteous than the great wealth of sinners." "Sufficiency with righteousness," he says, "is better than lawless wealth and unjust abundance." Then, showing the fruit of both, he says:
Ps 37:16 (36:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:16: a little with righteousness is better than unjust wealth.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.16 (PG 80 80:1129; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-16
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.17PG 80 80:1129
« Ὅτι βραχίονες ἁμαρτωλῶν συντριβήσονται, ὑποστηρίζει δὲ τοὺς δικαίους ὁ Κύριος. » Βραχίονας τροπικῶς τὴν δύναμιν ἀπεκάλεσεν· ἐπειδὴ διὰ τούτων ἐργάζεσθαι πεφύκασιν ἄνθρωποι. Προσφυῶς δὲ ἄγαν τὸ, ὑποστηρίζει τοὺς δικαίους, τέθεικεν· ὑπὸ δαιμόνων γὰρ καὶ ἀνθρώπων ὠθούμενοι, ὑπὸ δὲ τῆς θείας ἐρειδόμενοι χάριτος, ἵστανται, καὶ τῶν ἐπιόντων περιγίνονται δυσχερῶν.
« Hoti brachiones hamartōlōn syntribēsontai, hypostērizei de tous dikaious ho Kyrios. » Brachionas tropikōs tēn dynamin apekalesen; epeidē dia toutōn ergazesthai pephykasin anthrōpoi. Prosphyōs de agan to, hypostērizei tous dikaious, tetheiken; hypo daimonōn gar kai anthrōpōn ōthoumenoi, hypo de tēs theias ereidomenoi charitos, histantai, kai tōn epiontōn periginontai dyscherōn.
"For the arms of sinners will be broken, but the Lord upholds the righteous." He figuratively called power arms, since by them human beings naturally work. Very aptly he put "upholds the righteous": for, pushed by demons and men but propped by divine grace, they stand and overcome the difficulties that come upon them.
Ps 37:17 (36:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:17: the power of the wicked will be broken, while grace holds up the righteous.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): τοὺς δι δικαίους → τοὺς δικαίους; ἵστανται δε, καὶ → ἵστανται, καὶ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.17 (PG 80 80:1129; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-17
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.18PG 80 80:1129
« Γινώσκει Κύριος τὰς ὁδοὺς τῶν ἀμώμων, καὶ ἡ κληρονομία αὐτῶν εἰς αἰῶνα ἔσται. Οὐ καταισχυνθήσονται ἐν καιρῷ πονηρῷ, καὶ ἐν ἡμέραις λιμοῦ χορτασθήσονται. » Πάσης ἀπολαύουσι προνοίας οἱ ἄμεμπτον βίον αἱρούμενοι. Κἂν γὰρ συμφοραῖς περιπέσωσι, κρείττους ἀποφαίνονται τούτων· καὶ κοινῆς γενομένης ἐνδείας, παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ δέξονται τὴν αὐτάρκειαν, καὶ πρὸς τούτοις τῶν αἰωνίων ἀπολαύσουσιν ἀγαθῶν. Λιμὸν δὲ ἡγοῦμαι ἐνταῦθα παραδηλοῦσθαι τὸν πάλαι Ἰουδαίοις ἀπειληθέντα · · Ἐπάξω λιμὸν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν· οὐ λιμὸν ἄρτου, οὐδὲ δίψαν ὕδατος, ἀλλὰ λιμὸν τοῦ ἀκοῦσαι λόγον Κυρίου.»
« Ginōskei Kyrios tas hodous tōn amōmōn, kai hē klēronomia autōn eis aiōna estai. Ou kataischynthēsontai en kairǭ ponērǭ, kai en hēmerais limou chortasthēsontai. » Pasēs apolauousi pronoias hoi amempton bion hairoumenoi. Kan gar symphorais peripesōsi, kreittous apophainontai toutōn; kai koinēs genomenēs endeias, para tou Theou dexontai tēn autarkeian, kai pros toutois tōn aiōniōn apolausousin agathōn. Limon de hēgoumai entautha paradēlousthai ton palai Ioudaiois apeilēthenta ; ; Epaxō limon epi tēn gēn; ou limon artou, oude dipsan hydatos, alla limon tou akousai logon Kyriou.»
"The Lord knows the ways of the blameless, and their inheritance will be forever. They will not be put to shame in an evil time, and in days of famine they will be filled." Those who choose a blameless life enjoy every providence. For even if they fall into misfortunes, they prove stronger than them; and when there is common want, they will receive sufficiency from God, and besides they will enjoy eternal good things. I think the famine indicated here is the one once threatened against the Jews: "I will bring a famine on the land, not a famine of bread nor a thirst for water, but a famine of hearing the word of the Lord."
Ps 37:18 (36:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:19 (36:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Amos 8:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:18–19: God provides for the blameless in hard times; the famine is the famine of God's word threatened in Amos.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ἀποφαίνονται σε τούτων → ἀποφαίνονται τούτων.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.18 (PG 80 80:1129; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-18
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.20PG 80 80:1131
« Ὅτι οἱ ἁμαρτωλοὶ ἀπολοῦνται· οἱ δὲ ἐχθροί τοῦ Κυρίου, ἅμα τῷ δοξασθῆναι αὐτοὺς καὶ ὑψωθῆναι, ἐκλείποντες ὡσεὶ καπνὸς ἐξέλιπον. • Ἡ τοῦ συνδέσμου ἐναλλαγὴ διαφορὰν προσώπων εἰργάσατο· καὶ ἄλλους μὲν ὑποβάλλει νοὲῖν τοὺς ἁμαρτωλοὺς, ἄλλους δὲ ἐχθροὺς τοῦ Κυρίου. ᾿Ακύλας δὲ καὶ ὁ Σύμμαχος ἀντὶ τοῦ δὲ τὸν καὶ σύνδεσμον τεθεικότες, τοὺς αὐτοὺς ἔδειξαν ἁμαρτωλοὺς καὶ τοῦ Κυρίου ἐχθρούς. Λέγει δὲ ὅτι οἱ θεομισεῖς διὰ τὰς οἰκείας παρανομίας ἄνθρωποι, ὀλίγον ἀνθήσαντες χρόνον, καὶ δόξαντες εἶναι περιφανεῖς καὶ περίβλεπτοι, δίκην καπνοῦ διελύθησαν.
« Hoti hoi hamartōloi apolountai; hoi de echthroi tou Kyriou, hama tǭ doxasthēnai autous kai hypsōthēnai, ekleipontes hōsei kapnos exelipon. • Hē tou syndesmou enallagē diaphoran prosōpōn eirgasato; kai allous men hypoballei noein tous hamartōlous, allous de echthrous tou Kyriou. ᾿Akylas de kai ho Symmachos anti tou de ton kai syndesmon tetheikotes, tous autous edeixan hamartōlous kai tou Kyriou echthrous. Legei de hoti hoi theomiseis dia tas oikeias paranomias anthrōpoi, oligon anthēsantes chronon, kai doxantes einai periphaneis kai peribleptoi, dikēn kapnou dielythēsan.
"For sinners will perish; but the enemies of the Lord, as soon as they are glorified and exalted, vanishing like smoke, have vanished." The change of the connective made a difference of persons, and suggests that the sinners are some and the enemies of the Lord others. But Aquila and Symmachus, putting "and" for "but," showed that the sinners and the enemies of the Lord are the same. He says that people hateful to God for their lawless deeds, after flourishing a short time and seeming illustrious and admired, dissolved like smoke.
Ps 37:20 (36:20 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:20: sinners and God's enemies are the same, and their brief glory vanishes like smoke.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ἅμα τῷ ἐτ δοξασθῆναι → ἅμα τῷ δοξασθῆναι.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.20 (PG 80 80:1131; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-20
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.21PG 80 80:1131
• Δανείζεται ὁ ἁμαρτωλὸς, καὶ οὐκ ἀποτίσει· ὁ δὲ δίκαιος οἰκτείρει, καὶ δίδωσιν. » Τοιοῦτος ἦν ὁ Σαούλ, ἀεὶ μὲν εὐεργετούμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ θειοτάτου Δαβίδ, ἀμείψασθαι δὲ ἀγαθοῖς τὸν εὐεργέτην οὐκ ἀνεχόμενος. Ὁ δὲ μακάριος Δαβίδ, τὸν οἰκείων Δεσπότην μιμούμενος, ἀνατέλλοντα τὸν ἥλιον αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ πονηροὺς καὶ ἀγαθοὺς, εὐεργετῶν διετέλει. Τοιοῦτοι ἦσαν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, τὰς παντοδαπὰς θεραπείας παρὰ τῶν ἱερῶν ἀποστόλων δεχόμενοι, καὶ τὴν μιαιφόνον ἐπιδεικνύμενοι γνώμην · ἀλλ᾽ ὅμως οἱ θεῖοι ἀπόστολοι τὰς θείας αὐτοῖς δωρεὰς φιλοτίμως διένεμον.
• Daneizetai ho hamartōlos, kai ouk apotisei; ho de dikaios oikteirei, kai didōsin. » Toioutos ēn ho Saoul, aei men euergetoumenos hypo tou theiotatou Dabid, ameipsasthai de agathois ton euergetēn ouk anechomenos. Ho de makarios Dabid, ton oikeiōn Despotēn mimoumenos, anatellonta ton hēlion autou epi ponērous kai agathous, euergetōn dietelei. Toioutoi ēsan hoi Ioudaioi, tas pantodapas therapeias para tōn hierōn apostolōn dechomenoi, kai tēn miaiphonon epideiknymenoi gnōmēn ; all᾽ homōs hoi theioi apostoloi tas theias autois dōreas philotimōs dienemon.
"The sinner borrows and will not repay, but the righteous pities and gives." Such was Saul, always benefited by the most divine David, yet not bearing to repay his benefactor with good. But the blessed David, imitating his own Master, who makes his sun rise on the evil and the good, continued doing good. Such were the Jews, receiving every kind of healing from the holy apostles and showing a murderous mind; yet the divine apostles generously distributed the divine gifts to them.
Ps 37:21 (36:21 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:45 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:21: like Saul toward David and the Jews toward the apostles, the wicked repay good with evil, while the righteous keep giving.
- Theodoret's statement about the Jews is translated as written.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): θειοτάτου θε Δαβίδ → θειοτάτου Δαβίδ; φιλοτίμως Ο διένεμον → φιλοτίμως διένεμον.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.21 (PG 80 80:1131; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-21
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.22PG 80 80:1131
« Ὅτι οἱ εὐλογοῦντες αὐτὸν κληρονομήσουσι γῆν, οἱ δὲ καταρώμενοι αὐτὸν ἐξολοθρευθήσονται. » Τοῦτο τῷ πατριάρχῃ Ἀβραὰμ ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς ἐπηγγείλατο, « Εὐλογήσω τοὺς εὐλογοῦντάς σε, καὶ τοὺς καταρωμένους σε καταράσομαι. »
« Hoti hoi eulogountes auton klēronomēsousi gēn, hoi de katarōmenoi auton exolothreuthēsontai. » Touto tǭ patriarchę̄ Abraam ho tōn holōn Theos epēngeilato, « Eulogēsō tous eulogountas se, kai tous katarōmenous se katarasomai. »
"For those who bless him will inherit the land, but those who curse him will be destroyed." The God of all promised this to the patriarch Abraham: "I will bless those who bless you, and those who curse you I will curse."
Ps 37:22 (36:22 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 12:3 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:22: as God promised Abraham, those who bless the righteous are blessed.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.22 (PG 80 80:1131; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-22
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.23PG 80 80:1131
« Παρὰ Κυρίου τὰ διαβήματα ἀνθρώπου κατευθύνεται, καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ θελήσει σφόδρα. Ὅτ᾿ ἂν πέσῃ οὐ καταῤῥαχθήσεται, ὅτι Κύριος ἀντιστηρίζει χεῖρα αὐτῷ. • Τούτου γάρ τοι χάριν εὐλογεῖ μὲν τὸν εὐλογοῦντα τὸν δίκαιον, τὸν δὲ καταρώμενον τοῖς ἴσοις ἀμείβεται· ἐπειδὴ αὐτὸς κατευθύνει τὰς τῶν δικαίων ὁδούς. ᾿Αδύνατον γὰρ δίχα τῆς αὐτοῦ χάριτος ἀμέμπτως ὁδεῦσαί τινα τὴν τῆς ἀρετῆς ὁδόν. Συνεργεῖ μέντοι τοῖς τοῦτον ἔχουσι τὸν σκοπόν · καὶ χρεία κατὰ ταὐτὸν συνδραμεῖν εἰς τὴν κτῆσιν τῆς ἀρετῆς προθυμίαν ἀνθρωπίνην, καὶ θείαν προμήθειαν. Οὕτω γὰρ κἂν ὀλισθήσῃ ποτὲ ὁ τήνδε τὴν πορείαν ποιούμενος, τῆς θείας ἀντιλήψεως τεύξεται. Οὕτως ὁ μακάριος προσπταίσας Δαβίδ, καὶ κατενεχθῆναι κινδυνεύσας εἰς γῆν, ὑπὸ τῆς θείας χάριτος ἀνωρθώθη.
« Para Kyriou ta diabēmata anthrōpou kateuthynetai, kai tēn hodon autou thelēsei sphodra. Hot᾿ an pesę̄ ou katarrhachthēsetai, hoti Kyrios antistērizei cheira autǭ. • Toutou gar toi charin eulogei men ton eulogounta ton dikaion, ton de katarōmenon tois isois ameibetai; epeidē autos kateuthynei tas tōn dikaiōn hodous. ᾿Adynaton gar dicha tēs autou charitos amemptōs hodeusai tina tēn tēs aretēs hodon. Synergei mentoi tois touton echousi ton skopon ; kai chreia kata tauton syndramein eis tēn ktēsin tēs aretēs prothymian anthrōpinēn, kai theian promētheian. Houtō gar kan olisthēsę̄ pote ho tēnde tēn poreian poioumenos, tēs theias antilēpseōs teuxetai. Houtōs ho makarios prosptaisas Dabid, kai katenechthēnai kindyneusas eis gēn, hypo tēs theias charitos anōrthōthē.
"By the Lord the steps of a man are directed, and he will greatly desire his way. When he falls he will not be dashed down, for the Lord supports his hand." For this reason he blesses the one who blesses the righteous and repays the one who curses in kind, since he himself directs the ways of the righteous. For it is impossible without his grace for anyone to walk blamelessly the road of virtue. Yet he works together with those who have this aim; and for the acquisition of virtue human eagerness and divine providence must run together. So even if one who makes this journey slips at some time, he will obtain divine support. So the blessed David stumbled and was in danger of being thrown to the ground, but was set upright by divine grace.
Ps 37:23 (36:23 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:24 (36:24 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:23–24: no one walks the road of virtue without God's grace, which works together with human effort and lifts up those who slip, as it lifted David.
- Theodoret's statement on grace and human effort working together is translated as written.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): Ὅτ᾿ ἂν θ πέσῃ → Ὅτ᾿ ἂν πέσῃ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.23 (PG 80 80:1131; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-23
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.25PG 80 80:1133
« Νεώτερος ἐγενόμην, καὶ γὰρ ἐγήρασα, καὶ οὐκ εἶδον δίκαιον ἐγκαταλελειμμένον, οὐδὲ τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ ζητοῦν ἄρτους. Ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν ἐλεεῖ καὶ δανείζει ὁ δίκαιος , καὶ τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ εἰς εὐλογίαν ἔσται. » Καὶ νέος ὢν, καὶ εἰς γῆρας ἐλθὼν, οὐκ οἶδα · θεασάμενος δίκαιον τῆς θείας ἔρημον προνοίας γενόμενον . Ὁ γάρ τοι δίκαιος κριτὴς οὐ μόνον αὐτῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἐξ αὐτῶν φυομένων πᾶσαν ποιεῖται κηδεμονίαν. Οὕτω τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ταῦτα • παρανομοῦντος, διὰ τὴν προγονικὴν ἀρετὴν προὐνοήθη. Οὕτω τοῦ Σολομῶντος ἠσεβηκότος ἠνέσχετο διὰ τὴν πατρῴαν φιλοθεΐαν. Τὸ δὲ, « Ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν ἐλεεῖ καὶ δανείζει ὁ δίκαιος,» τὰς παντοδαπὰς τοῦ δικαίου εὐεργεσίας δηλοῖ, τὰς διὰ χρημάτων", τὰς διὰ πραγμάτων, τὰς διὰ λόγων καὶ συμβουλῶν. Ταῦτα δὲ ποιῶν, ἐλεεῖ μὲν τοὺς ἀπολαύοντας, δανείζει δὲ τῷ τούτων • Θεῷ· « Ὁ γὰρ ἐλεῶν, φησὶ, πτωχὸν, δανείζει Θεῷ, ὡς τὸ αὐτὸ ἕλεον εἶναι καὶ δάνεισμα.
« Neōteros egenomēn, kai gar egērasa, kai ouk eidon dikaion enkataleleimmenon, oude to sperma autou zētoun artous. Holēn tēn hēmeran eleei kai daneizei ho dikaios , kai to sperma autou eis eulogian estai. » Kai neos ōn, kai eis gēras elthōn, ouk oida ; theasamenos dikaion tēs theias erēmon pronoias genomenon . Ho gar toi dikaios kritēs ou monon autōn, alla kai tōn ex autōn phyomenōn pasan poieitai kēdemonian. Houtō tou Israēl kai tauta • paranomountos, dia tēn progonikēn aretēn prounoēthē. Houtō tou Solomōntos ēsebēkotos ēnescheto dia tēn patrǭan philotheïan. To de, « Holēn tēn hēmeran eleei kai daneizei ho dikaios,» tas pantodapas tou dikaiou euergesias dēloi, tas dia chrēmatōn", tas dia pragmatōn, tas dia logōn kai symboulōn. Tauta de poiōn, eleei men tous apolauontas, daneizei de tǭ toutōn • Theǭ; « Ho gar eleōn, phēsi, ptōchon, daneizei Theǭ, hōs to auto heleon einai kai daneisma.
"I was young, and now I have grown old, and I have not seen the righteous forsaken, nor his seed seeking bread. All the day the righteous has mercy and lends, and his seed will be for a blessing." "Both when I was young and now that I have come to old age, I do not know that I have seen a righteous man left bereft of divine providence." For the just judge takes every care not only of them but also of those born from them. So he cared for Israel, even when it transgressed, because of the virtue of its forefathers; so he bore with Solomon when he was impious, because of his father's love for God. "All the day the righteous has mercy and lends" shows the righteous man's benefits of every kind: by money, by deeds, by words and counsel. Doing these things, he has mercy on those who receive them and lends to their God: "For the one who has mercy on the poor," it says, "lends to God"; so that mercy and lending are the same.
Ps 37:25 (36:25 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:26 (36:26 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Kgs 11:12 (allusion, high confidence) · Prov 19:17 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:25–26: God cares for the righteous and their descendants, and the righteous man's mercy is a loan to God.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.25 (PG 80 80:1133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-25). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-25
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.27PG 80 80:1133
« Ἔκκλινον ἀπὸ κακοῦ, καὶ ποίησον ἀγαθὸν, καὶ κατασκήνου εἰς αἰῶνα αἰῶνος. » Ταῦτα τοίνυν εἰδότες ἅπαντες ἄνθρωποι, καὶ μεμαθηκότες τῆς ἀρετῆς καὶ τῆς κακίας τὰ ἐπίχειρα, φεύγετε μὲν τῆς κακίας τὰ εἴδη, ὁδεύσατε δὲ τὴν ἐναντίαν ὁδὸν, ἵνα τῶν αἰωνίων ἀγαθῶν ἀπολαύσητε.
« Ekklinon apo kakou, kai poiēson agathon, kai kataskēnou eis aiōna aiōnos. » Tauta toinyn eidotes hapantes anthrōpoi, kai memathēkotes tēs aretēs kai tēs kakias ta epicheira, pheugete men tēs kakias ta eidē, hodeusate de tēn enantian hodon, hina tōn aiōniōn agathōn apolausēte.
"Turn away from evil and do good, and dwell forever and ever." "Knowing these things, then, all you people, and having learned the wages of virtue and vice, flee the forms of vice and walk the opposite road, so that you may enjoy the eternal good things."
Ps 37:27 (36:27 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:27: knowing the wages of virtue and vice, all should shun evil and do good.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.27 (PG 80 80:1133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-27). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-27
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.28PG 80 80:1133
« Ὅτι Κύριος ἀγαπᾷ κρίσιν, καὶ οὐκ ἐγκαταλείπει τοὺς ὁσίους αὐτοῦ, ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα φυλαχθήσονται · ἄνομοι δὲ ἐκδιωχθήσονται, καὶ σπέρμα ἀσεβῶν ἐξολοθρευθήσεται. Δίκαιοι δὲ κληρονομήσουσι γῆν, καὶ κατασκηνώσουσιν εἰς αἰῶνα αἰῶνος ἐπ᾿ αὐτῆς. » Ὀρθῇ καὶ δικαίᾳ κρίσει χρώμενος τῶν ὅλων ὁ Κύριος προσφυεῖς τοῖς ἐπιτηδεύμασι τὰς ἀντιδόσεις ποιήσεται · καὶ τοὺς μὲν τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐραστὰς πάσης ἀξιώσει κηδεμονίας, τοὺς δὲ τὰναντία προαιρουμένους ἀνασπάσει προῤῥίζους. Οὕτω τοὺς ἑκατέρων δείξας καρποὺς, διδάσκει λοιπὸν, πῶς ἔνεστι τὴν τῷ Θεῷ φίλην κατορθῶσαι δικαιοσύνην.
« Hoti Kyrios agapą krisin, kai ouk enkataleipei tous hosious autou, hoti eis ton aiōna phylachthēsontai ; anomoi de ekdiōchthēsontai, kai sperma asebōn exolothreuthēsetai. Dikaioi de klēronomēsousi gēn, kai kataskēnōsousin eis aiōna aiōnos ep᾿ autēs. » Orthę̄ kai dikaią krisei chrōmenos tōn holōn ho Kyrios prosphyeis tois epitēdeumasi tas antidoseis poiēsetai ; kai tous men tēs dikaiosynēs erastas pasēs axiōsei kēdemonias, tous de tanantia proairoumenous anaspasei prorrhizous. Houtō tous hekaterōn deixas karpous, didaskei loipon, pōs enesti tēn tǭ Theǭ philēn katorthōsai dikaiosynēn.
"For the Lord loves judgment and will not forsake his holy ones; they will be kept forever. But the lawless will be driven out, and the seed of the ungodly destroyed. The righteous will inherit the land and dwell upon it forever and ever." Using right and just judgment, the Lord of all will make repayments suited to the practices: the lovers of righteousness he will count worthy of every care, and those who choose the opposite he will tear up by the roots. Having thus shown the fruits of each, he next teaches how one can achieve the righteousness dear to God.
Ps 37:28 (36:28 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:29 (36:29 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:28–29: God's just judgment keeps the holy and uproots the lawless.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.28 (PG 80 80:1133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-28). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-28
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.30PG 80 80:1133
« Στόμα δικαίου μελετήσει σοφίαν, καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτοῦ λαλήσει κρίσιν. Ὁ νόμος τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐχ ὑποσκελισθήσεται διαβήματα αὐτοῦ. » Προσήκει, φησὶ, κὰν τῇ γλώττη, κὰν τῇ διανοίᾳ τὰ θεῖα λόγια περιφέρειν, καὶ τὴν τούτων μελέτην ποιεῖσθαι διηνεκῶς. Οὕτω γὰρ τὸ πρακτέον μανθάνων ὁ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐραστὴς, ἀτρεμὴς μενεῖ καὶ ἀσάλευτος, τῶν καταβαλεῖν ἐπιχειρούντων περιγινόμενος. Ταῦτα καὶ ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ἔφη ψαλμῷ· · ᾿Αλλ᾽ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ Κυρίου τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ αὐτοῦ μελετήσει ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτός · · καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. « Κατανοεῖ ὁ ἁμαρτωλὸς τὸν δίκαιον, καὶ ζητεῖ τοῦ θανατῶσαι αὐτόν. Ὁ δὲ Κύριος οὐ μὴ ἐγκαταλείπῃ αὐτὸν εἰς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ, οὐδὲ μὴ καταδικάσηται αὐτὸν ὅταν κρίνηται αὐτῷ . Διαφόρως τὰ αὐτὰ λέγει, τῇ πλείονι μελέτῃ μονιμωτέραν κατασκευάζων τὴν μνήμην. Λέγει δὲ ὡς οὐ περιόψεται τὸν δίκαιον ὁ Δεσπότης ἐπιβουλευόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν πονηρῶν, οὐδὲ συμψηφιεῖται αὐτοῖς τὰ τοιαῦτα τολμῶσιν, ἀλλ᾽ ὑπερπηδῆσαι παρασκευάσει τὰ δίκτυα. Ταύτης ἀπέλαυσεν ᾿Ἀβραὰμ τῆς προνοίας, δὶς ἁρπαγείσης τῆς Σάῤῥας · ταύτης ὁ Ἰσαὰκ αὐτὸ τοῦτο παθών · ταύτης ὁ Ἰακὼβ ὑπ᾿ ἀδελφοῦ καὶ κηδεστοῦ φθονηθείς· ταύτης ὁ Ἰωσὴφ ὑπὸ φθόνου καὶ συκοφαντίας πολεμηθείς. Καὶ τί δεῖ καταλέγειν πάντα; Ῥάδιον γὰρ τοῖς φιλομαθέσι, καὶ τὰ πάλαι συλλέξαι, καὶ θεωρῆσαι τὰ νέα.
« Stoma dikaiou meletēsei sophian, kai hē glōssa autou lalēsei krisin. Ho nomos tou Theou en kardią autou, kai ouch hyposkelisthēsetai diabēmata autou. » Prosēkei, phēsi, kan tę̄ glōttē, kan tę̄ dianoią ta theia logia peripherein, kai tēn toutōn meletēn poieisthai diēnekōs. Houtō gar to prakteon manthanōn ho tēs aretēs erastēs, atremēs menei kai asaleutos, tōn katabalein epicheirountōn periginomenos. Tauta kai en tǭ prōtǭ ephē psalmǭ; ; ᾿All᾽ en tǭ nomǭ Kyriou to thelēma autou, kai en tǭ nomǭ autou meletēsei hēmeras kai nyktos ; ; kai ta hexēs. « Katanoei ho hamartōlos ton dikaion, kai zētei tou thanatōsai auton. Ho de Kyrios ou mē enkataleipę̄ auton eis tas cheiras autou, oude mē katadikasētai auton hotan krinētai autǭ . Diaphorōs ta auta legei, tę̄ pleioni meletę̄ monimōteran kataskeuazōn tēn mnēmēn. Legei de hōs ou periopsetai ton dikaion ho Despotēs epibouleuomenon hypo tōn ponērōn, oude sympsēphieitai autois ta toiauta tolmōsin, all᾽ hyperpēdēsai paraskeuasei ta diktya. Tautēs apelausen ᾿Abraam tēs pronoias, dis harpageisēs tēs Sarrhas ; tautēs ho Isaak auto touto pathōn ; tautēs ho Iakōb hyp᾿ adelphou kai kēdestou phthonētheis; tautēs ho Iōsēph hypo phthonou kai sykophantias polemētheis. Kai ti dei katalegein panta? Rhadion gar tois philomathesi, kai ta palai syllexai, kai theōrēsai ta nea.
"The mouth of the righteous will meditate wisdom, and his tongue will speak judgment. The law of God is in his heart, and his steps will not be tripped." "One ought," he says, "to carry the divine oracles both on the tongue and in the mind, and to meditate on them continually. For learning so what must be done, the lover of virtue will remain unshaken and immovable, overcoming those who try to throw him down." He said this in the first psalm too: "But his will is in the law of the Lord, and on his law he will meditate day and night," and so on. "The sinner observes the righteous and seeks to put him to death. But the Lord will not leave him in his hands, nor condemn him when he is judged." He says the same things in different ways, making the memory more lasting by greater practice. He says that the Master will not overlook the righteous when plotted against by the wicked, nor give his vote with those who dare such things, but will enable him to leap over the nets. Abraham enjoyed this providence when Sarah was twice seized; Isaac, when he suffered the same; Jacob, when envied by his brother and his father-in-law; Joseph, when warred on by envy and slander. And why list them all? It is easy for lovers of learning to collect the old cases and observe the new.
Ps 37:30 (36:30 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:31 (36:31 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:32 (36:32 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:33 (36:33 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 1:2 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 12:15 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 20:2 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 26:7 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 27:41 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 31:24 (allusion, medium confidence) · Gen 37:4 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 39:17 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:30–33: meditation on God's law keeps the righteous steady, and God rescues them from plots, as he did Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (marginal verse numbers (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): καὶ ἐἱ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ → καὶ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ; τὰ ἑξῆς. λβ', λγ'. « → τὰ ἑξῆς. «.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.30 (PG 80 80:1133; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-30). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-30
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.34PG 80 80:1135
« Ὑπόμεινον τὸν Κύριον, καὶ φύλαξον τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ὑψώσει σε, τοῦ κατακληρονομῆσαι τὴν γῆν, ἐν τῷ ἐξολοθρεύεσθαι ἁμαρτωλοὺς, ὄψει. » Ταῦτα τοίνυν μεμαθηκώς, τὴν θείαν πρόσμενε ψῆφον, καὶ τοὺς κειμένους φύλαττε νόμους. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ἐν τῷ παρόντι βίῳ γενήσῃ περίβλεπτος, καὶ ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι τῶν μονίμων ἀγαθῶν ἀπολαύσῃ, καὶ ὄψει τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν τὸ τρισάθλιον τέλος. Εἶτα ἐπειδὴ πολλοὺς ἀνιᾷ τὸ μὴ νῦν ὁρᾶν τῶν ἀδίκων τὴν τιμωρίαν, ἀλλ' ἀναμένειν χρόνον μακρὸν, εἰκότως ἀπὸ τῶν γεγενημένων πιστοῦται τὰ μέλλοντα.
« Hypomeinon ton Kyrion, kai phylaxon tēn hodon autou, kai hypsōsei se, tou kataklēronomēsai tēn gēn, en tǭ exolothreuesthai hamartōlous, opsei. » Tauta toinyn memathēkōs, tēn theian prosmene psēphon, kai tous keimenous phylatte nomous. Houtō gar kai en tǭ paronti biǭ genēsę̄ peribleptos, kai en tǭ mellonti tōn monimōn agathōn apolausę̄, kai opsei tōn hamartōlōn to trisathlion telos. Eita epeidē pollous anią to mē nyn horan tōn adikōn tēn timōrian, all' anamenein chronon makron, eikotōs apo tōn gegenēmenōn pistoutai ta mellonta.
"Wait for the Lord and keep his way, and he will exalt you to inherit the land; when sinners are destroyed, you will see it." "Having learned these things, then, await the divine verdict and keep the laws laid down. For so you will both become admired in the present life and enjoy the lasting good things in the life to come, and you will see the thrice-wretched end of sinners." Then, since it grieves many not to see the punishment of the unjust now, but to wait a long time, he fittingly confirms the future from what has happened.
Ps 37:34 (36:34 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:34: those who wait for God and keep his law will be exalted and see the end of the wicked.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ἀλλ' δι ἀναμένειν → ἀλλ' ἀναμένειν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.34 (PG 80 80:1135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-34). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-34
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.35PG 80 80:1135
«Εἶδον τὸν ἀσεβῆ ὑπερυψούμενον καὶ ͵ ἐπαιρόμενον, ὡς τὰς κέδρους τοῦ Λιβάνου. Καὶ παρῆλθον, καὶ ἰδοὺ οὐκ ἦν· καὶ ἐζήτησα αὐτὸν, καὶ οὐχ εὑρέθη ὁ τόπος αὐτοῦ. » Εἶδε γὰρ ὁ μέγας Δαβὶδ καὶ τῆς τοῦ Σαούλ βασιλείας τὸ τέλος, καὶ τῆς τοῦ ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ τυραννίδος τὸν ὅλεθρον, καὶ Ναὰς τοῦ ᾿Αμμανίτου καὶ τὴν ὑπερηφανίαν καὶ τὴν ἀπώλειαν, καὶ τοῦ ἀλλοφύλου Γολιάθ σὺν τῷ τύφῳ τὸν θάνατον · καὶ ἄλλων αὖ πρὸς τούτοις οὐκ ὀλί γων καὶ τὴν ἀλαζονείαν, καὶ τὴν ὑπερηφανίαν, καὶ τὴν πανωλεθρίαν. Εἰκότως τοίνυν τοῖς ἀκάρποις δένδροις τὴν ἐκείνων εὐημερίαν ἀπείκασε. Φρούδους δὲ ἔφη γεγενῆσθαι οὐ μόνον αὐτοὺς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἐκείνων τόπους· διὰ τούτων δὲ τὴν μνήμην ἐδήλωσεν. Εἶτα πάλιν εἰσήγησιν εἰσφέρει καὶ συμβουλήν.
«Eidon ton asebē hyperypsoumenon kai ͵ epairomenon, hōs tas kedrous tou Libanou. Kai parēlthon, kai idou ouk ēn; kai ezētēsa auton, kai ouch heurethē ho topos autou. » Eide gar ho megas Dabid kai tēs tou Saoul basileias to telos, kai tēs tou ᾿Abessalōm tyrannidos ton holethron, kai Naas tou ᾿Ammanitou kai tēn hyperēphanian kai tēn apōleian, kai tou allophylou Goliath syn tǭ typhǭ ton thanaton ; kai allōn au pros toutois ouk oli gōn kai tēn alazoneian, kai tēn hyperēphanian, kai tēn panōlethrian. Eikotōs toinyn tois akarpois dendrois tēn ekeinōn euēmerian apeikase. Phroudous de ephē gegenēsthai ou monon autous, alla kai tous ekeinōn topous; dia toutōn de tēn mnēmēn edēlōsen. Eita palin eisēgēsin eispherei kai symboulēn.
"I saw the ungodly highly exalted and lifted up like the cedars of Lebanon. And I passed by, and behold, he was not; and I sought him, and his place was not found." For the great David saw the end of Saul's kingship, the destruction of Absalom's usurpation, the pride and ruin of Nahash the Ammonite, and the death of the foreigner Goliath together with his conceit, and besides these the boasting, pride, and utter ruin of not a few others. He fittingly likened their prosperity to fruitless trees. He said that not only they had vanished but also their places; by this he indicated their memory. Then again he offers instruction and counsel.
Ps 37:35 (36:35 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:36 (36:36 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 11:1 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Sam 17:50 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:35–36: David had seen the proud fall, Saul, Absalom, Nahash, and Goliath, and vanish like felled cedars.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.35 (PG 80 80:1135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-35). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-35
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.37PG 80 80:1135
« Φύλασσε ἀκακίαν, καὶ ἴδε εὐθύτητα, ὅτι ἐστὶν ἐγκατάλειμμα ἀνθρώπῳ εἰρηνικῷ. » Τοῦτο δὲ ὁ Σύμμαχος οὕτως ἔφη· Φύλασσε ἀπλότητα, καὶ ὅρα εὐθὺ, ὅτι ἐστὶ μέλλοντα ἀνθρώπῳ εἰρηνικῷ. Μὴ ἀποβλέψῃς, φησὶν, εἰς τὰ παρόντα λυπηρὰ, ἀλλὰ προσδέχου τὰ μέλλοντα. Ἔστι γὰρ καιρὸς, ἐν ᾧ τοῖς ἁπλότητι καὶ εὐθύτητι κεχρημένοις ἀποδοθήσεται ὁ προσήκων μισθός.
« Phylasse akakian, kai ide euthytēta, hoti estin enkataleimma anthrōpǭ eirēnikǭ. » Touto de ho Symmachos houtōs ephē; Phylasse aplotēta, kai hora euthy, hoti esti mellonta anthrōpǭ eirēnikǭ. Mē apoblepsę̄s, phēsin, eis ta paronta lypēra, alla prosdechou ta mellonta. Esti gar kairos, en hǭ tois haplotēti kai euthytēti kechrēmenois apodothēsetai ho prosēkōn misthos.
"Keep innocence and look on uprightness, for there is a remnant for the peaceable man." Symmachus put this thus: "Keep simplicity and look straight, for there are things to come for the peaceable man." "Do not look," he says, "at present troubles, but await what is to come. For there is a time when the fitting wage will be paid to those who have lived in simplicity and uprightness."
Ps 37:37 (36:37 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:37: the peaceable should look past present troubles to the reward to come.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.37 (PG 80 80:1135; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-37). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-37
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.38PG 80 80:1137
«Οἱ δὲ παράνομοι ἐξολοθρευθήσονται ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό · τὰ ἐγκαταλείμματα τῶν ἀσεβῶν ἐξολοθρευθήσεται . » Τοῦτο πάλιν ὁ Σύμμαχος οὕτως εἴρηκεν, Οἱ δὲ ἀθετοῦντες ἐξαλειφθήσονται ὁμοῦ, τὰ ἔσχατα τῶν ἀνόμων ἐκκοπήσεται. Ἐν ἐνείνῳ, φησὶ, τῷ καιρῷ, καὶ οὗτοι τὰ ἐπίχειρα δέξονται, καὶ κοινὸν ὑπομενοῦσιν ὄλεθρον.
«Hoi de paranomoi exolothreuthēsontai epi to auto ; ta enkataleimmata tōn asebōn exolothreuthēsetai . » Touto palin ho Symmachos houtōs eirēken, Hoi de athetountes exaleiphthēsontai homou, ta eschata tōn anomōn ekkopēsetai. En eneinǭ, phēsi, tǭ kairǭ, kai houtoi ta epicheira dexontai, kai koinon hypomenousin olethron.
"But the lawless will be destroyed together; the remnants of the ungodly will be destroyed." Symmachus again said this thus: "But those who set aside the law will be wiped out together; the last things of the lawless will be cut off." "At that time," he says, "these too will receive their wages and undergo a common destruction."
Ps 37:38 (36:38 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:38: at the judgment the lawless will perish together.
Topics: Eschatology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.38 (PG 80 80:1137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-38). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-38
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
36.39PG 80 80:1137
« Σωτηρία δὲ τῶν δικαίων παρὰ Κυρίου, καὶ ὑπερασπιστὴς αὐτῶν ἐστιν ἐν καιρῷ θλίψεως. Καὶ βοηθήσει αὐτοῖς Κύριος, καὶ ῥύσεται αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἐξελεῖται αὐτοὺς ἐξ ἁμαρτωλῶν, καὶ σώσει αὐτοὺς, ὅτι ἤλπισαν ἐπ᾿ αὐτόν. » Οἱ δὲ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐργάται τῆς θείας ῥοπῆς ἀπολαύσονται ", καὶ σωτηρίας τεύξονται, καὶ τῶν ἀδικεῖν πειρωμένων περιγενήσονται, ἅτε δὴ ἀκραιφνῆ τὴν περὶ αὐτῶν ἐλπίδα κτησάμενοι.
« Sōtēria de tōn dikaiōn para Kyriou, kai hyperaspistēs autōn estin en kairǭ thlipseōs. Kai boēthēsei autois Kyrios, kai rhysetai autous, kai exeleitai autous ex hamartōlōn, kai sōsei autous, hoti ēlpisan ep᾿ auton. » Hoi de tēs dikaiosynēs ergatai tēs theias rhopēs apolausontai ", kai sōtērias teuxontai, kai tōn adikein peirōmenōn perigenēsontai, hate dē akraiphnē tēn peri autōn elpida ktēsamenoi.
"But the salvation of the righteous is from the Lord, and he is their protector in the time of affliction. And the Lord will help them and rescue them, and deliver them from sinners and save them, because they hoped in him." "But the workers of righteousness will enjoy divine aid, obtain salvation, and overcome those who try to wrong them, since they have acquired a pure hope in him."
Ps 37:39 (36:39 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 37:40 (36:40 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 37:39–40: God saves and defends the righteous who hope in him.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 36.39 (PG 80 80:1137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-39). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/36-39
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 37
37.1PG 80 80:1137
« Ψαλμὸς τῷ Δαβίδ, εἰς ἀνάμνησιν περὶ τοῦ Σαββάτου. • Την σπουδαίαν μετάνοιαν τοῦ θειοτάτου Δαβὶδ τὸ τῆς ἐξομολογήσεως κηρύττει διάφορον. Ἐν πολλοῖς γὰρ ψαλμοῖς μέμνηται τῆς ἁμαρτίας, τὸ ἕλκος οὐκ ἀνεχόμενος, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν νόσον, καὶ τὴν θεραπείαν εἰς μέσον προτίθησι, διδασκαλίας ὑπόθεσιν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις προσφέρων. Κάν τούτῳ τοιγαροῦν τῷ ψαλμῷ, καὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας μέμνηται, καὶ τῆς διὰ τὴν θεραπείαν τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐπενεχθείσης παιδείας. Ἐπηνέχθη δὲ αὐτῷ πολλά καὶ διάφορα δυσχερῆ· τοῦ ᾿Αμνὼν ἡ σφαγή, ἡ τοῦ ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ τυραννὶς, Αχιτόφελ ὁ σύμβουλος κατ᾿ αὐτοῦ βουλευόμενος, Σεμεεὶ λοιδορούμενος, καὶ τὰ ἄλλα, ὅσα ἡ ἱστορία διδάσκει.
« Psalmos tǭ Dabid, eis anamnēsin peri tou Sabbatou. • Tēn spoudaian metanoian tou theiotatou Dabid to tēs exomologēseōs kēryttei diaphoron. En pollois gar psalmois memnētai tēs hamartias, to helkos ouk anechomenos, alla kai tēn noson, kai tēn therapeian eis meson protithēsi, didaskalias hypothesin tois anthrōpois prospherōn. Kan toutǭ toigaroun tǭ psalmǭ, kai tēs hamartias memnētai, kai tēs dia tēn therapeian tēs hamartias epenechtheisēs paideias. Epēnechthē de autǭ polla kai diaphora dyscherē; tou ᾿Amnōn hē sphagē, hē tou ᾿Abessalōm tyrannis, Achitophel ho symboulos kat᾿ autou bouleuomenos, Semeei loidoroumenos, kai ta alla, hosa hē historia didaskei.
"A psalm of David, for remembrance, concerning the Sabbath." The variety of his confession proclaims the earnest repentance of the most divine David. For in many psalms he recalls his sin, not hiding the sore, but setting forth both the disease and the cure, offering people a subject for instruction. In this psalm too, then, he recalls both the sin and the discipline brought on for the cure of the sin. Many and various hardships came upon him: the slaughter of Amnon, the usurpation of Absalom, Ahithophel the counselor plotting against him, Shimei's abuse, and the other things the history teaches.
Ps 38:1 (37:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Sam 13:28 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Sam 15:10 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Sam 15:12 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Sam 16:5 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38, title: David recalls his sin and the disciplines it brought, Amnon's murder, Absalom's revolt, Ahithophel, and Shimei.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): ἁμαρτίας τ ἐπενεχθείσης → ἁμαρτίας ἐπενεχθείσης.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.1 (PG 80 80:1137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.2PG 80 80:1137
« Κύριε, μὴ τῷ θυμῷ σου ἐξελέγξῃς με, μηδὲ τῇ ὀργῇ σου παιδεύσῃς με. » Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ τοῦ ἕκτου ψαλμοῦ προοίμιον ἐποιήσατο, παρακαλῶν ἰατρικῶς μὴ δικαστικῶς παιδευθῆναι, μὴ δριμυτέροις, ἀλλ᾽ ἡπίοις φαρμάκοις ἰατρευθῆναι.
« Kyrie, mē tǭ thymǭ sou exelenxę̄s me, mēde tę̄ orgę̄ sou paideusę̄s me. » Touto de kai tou hektou psalmou prooimion epoiēsato, parakalōn iatrikōs mē dikastikōs paideuthēnai, mē drimyterois, all᾽ hēpiois pharmakois iatreuthēnai.
"O Lord, do not rebuke me in your wrath, nor discipline me in your anger." He made this the opening of the sixth psalm too, asking to be disciplined as by a physician, not as by a judge, and to be cured with gentle rather than harsh medicines.
Ps 38:1 (37:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 6:1 (6:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:1: David asks for the physician's gentle discipline, not the judge's wrath.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): παρακαλῶν σε ἱατρικῶς → παρακαλῶν ἰατρικῶς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.2 (PG 80 80:1137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.3PG 80 80:1137
« Ὅτι τὰ βέλη σου ἐνεπάγησάν μοι, καὶ ἐπεστήριξας ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ τὴν χεῖρά σου.» Τοῦτο, φησὶν, οὐ μάτην ἀντιβολῶ, ἀλλ᾽ ὁρῶν ἐπιφερομένας μοι νιφάδας βελῶν, καὶ τὴν χεῖρά σου λίαν ἐπικειμένην, καὶ σφόδρα με μαστιγοῦσαν. Τὸ γὰρ , » Ἐπεστήριξας ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ τὴν χεῖρά σου, » ἐκ μεταφορᾶς τέθεικε τῶν αἰκιζομένων, καὶ πολλὰς ἐπιφερόντων πληγάς.
« Hoti ta belē sou enepagēsan moi, kai epestērixas ep᾿ eme tēn cheira sou.» Touto, phēsin, ou matēn antibolō, all᾽ horōn epipheromenas moi niphadas belōn, kai tēn cheira sou lian epikeimenēn, kai sphodra me mastigousan. To gar , » Epestērixas ep᾿ eme tēn cheira sou, » ek metaphoras tetheike tōn aikizomenōn, kai pollas epipherontōn plēgas.
"For your arrows have stuck in me, and you have pressed your hand upon me." "I do not entreat this for nothing," he says, "but seeing showers of arrows coming at me and your hand pressing heavily on me and scourging me hard." He set "you have pressed your hand upon me" as a metaphor from those who torture and inflict many blows.
Ps 38:2 (37:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:2: David feels God's discipline as arrows and a heavy hand.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): σφόδρα με δι μαστιγοῦσαν → σφόδρα με μαστιγοῦσαν; ἐπιφερόντων δε πληγάς → ἐπιφερόντων πληγάς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.3 (PG 80 80:1137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.4PG 80 80:1137
• Οὐκ ἔστιν ἴασις ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου ἀπὸ προσὡπου τῆς ὀργῆς σου· οὐκ ἔστιν εἰρήνη ἐν τοῖς ὀστέοις μου ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν μου". » Νυττόμενος, φησὶ, τῇ τιμωρίᾳ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἀναμιμνήσκομαι · ἡ δὲ αὐτῆς μνήμη θρήνους μοι καὶ ὀδυρμοὺς ἐργάζεται· ἐκ δὲ τούτων κακουχία μοι καὶ ταλαιπωρία προσγίνεται.
• Ouk estin iasis en tę̄ sarki mou apo prosōpou tēs orgēs sou; ouk estin eirēnē en tois osteois mou apo prosōpou tōn hamartiōn mou". » Nyttomenos, phēsi, tę̄ timōrią tēs hamartias anamimnēskomai ; hē de autēs mnēmē thrēnous moi kai odyrmous ergazetai; ek de toutōn kakouchia moi kai talaipōria prosginetai.
"There is no healing in my flesh because of your anger; there is no peace in my bones because of my sins." "Pricked by the punishment," he says, "I am reminded of the sin; the memory of it produces laments and wailing in me, and from these comes affliction and misery."
Ps 38:3 (37:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:3: punishment recalls David's sin, and its memory brings him lament and affliction.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ἀπὸ σε προσώπου → ἀπὸ προσώπου.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.4 (PG 80 80:1137; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.5PG 80 80:1139
« Ὅτι αἱ ἀνομίαι μου ὑπερῆραν τὴν κεφαλήν μου, ὡσεὶ φορτίον βαρὺ ἐβαρύνθησαν ἐπ᾿ ἐμέ. Προσώζεσαν καὶ ἐσάπησαν οἱ μώλωπές μου, καὶ ἀπὸ προσώπου τῆς ἀφροσύνης μου. Ἐταλαιπώρησα, καὶ κατεκάμφθην ἕως τέλους, ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν σκυθρωπάζων ἐπορευόμην. » Κατέκαμψέ με, φησὶ, τὸ βαρὺ τῆς ἁμαρτίας φορτίον, ἀνιᾷ δὲ με καὶ τῶν σεσηπότων ἐκείνων τραυμάτων ἡ δυσοσμία, ἃ τὴν φρόνησιν ἀποβαλὼν καὶ τῇ ἀφροσύνῃ δουλεύσας εἰσεδεξάμην. Οὗ δὴ χάριν πάσης θυμηδίας ἐστερημένος, ἀσχάλλω καὶ ἀλύω διηνεκῶς, καὶ τῆς σκυθρωπότητος μεταβολὴν οὐχ εὑρίσκω.
« Hoti hai anomiai mou hyperēran tēn kephalēn mou, hōsei phortion bary ebarynthēsan ep᾿ eme. Prosōzesan kai esapēsan hoi mōlōpes mou, kai apo prosōpou tēs aphrosynēs mou. Etalaipōrēsa, kai katekamphthēn heōs telous, holēn tēn hēmeran skythrōpazōn eporeuomēn. » Katekampse me, phēsi, to bary tēs hamartias phortion, anią de me kai tōn sesēpotōn ekeinōn traumatōn hē dysosmia, ha tēn phronēsin apobalōn kai tę̄ aphrosynę̄ douleusas eisedexamēn. Hou dē charin pasēs thymēdias esterēmenos, aschallō kai alyō diēnekōs, kai tēs skythrōpotētos metabolēn ouch heuriskō.
"For my iniquities have gone over my head; like a heavy burden they have weighed on me. My wounds have grown foul and festered because of my folly. I have been wretched and bowed down utterly; all the day I went about sad-faced." "The heavy burden of sin has bowed me down, and the stench of those festering wounds afflicts me, which I received when I threw away prudence and served folly. For this reason, deprived of all cheer, I am continually distressed and restless, and find no change from my gloom."
Ps 38:4 (37:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 38:5 (37:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 38:6 (37:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:4–6: the burden and festering wounds of sin, contracted through folly, keep David bowed in grief.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.5 (PG 80 80:1139; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.8PG 80 80:1139
« "Ὅτι αἱ ψόαι μου ἐπλήσθησαν ἐμπαιγμάτων, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἴασις ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου. » Διὰ τῶν ψοῶν τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἠνίξατο. Ταύταις γὰρ ἔγκεινται οἱ νεφροὶ, δι' ὧν αἱ ὀρέξεις κινεῖσθαι πεφύκασι. Λέγει τοίνυν, ὅτι τούτων αἴτιόν μοι γεγένηται τῶν κακῶν τὸ μὴ εἰς δέον, ἀλλ᾽ εἰς ἀσωτίαν τῇ ἐπιθυμίᾳ προσχρήσασθαι.
« "Hoti hai psoai mou eplēsthēsan empaigmatōn, kai ouk estin iasis en tę̄ sarki mou. » Dia tōn psoōn tēn epithymian ēnixato. Tautais gar enkeintai hoi nephroi, di' hōn hai orexeis kineisthai pephykasi. Legei toinyn, hoti toutōn aition moi gegenētai tōn kakōn to mē eis deon, all᾽ eis asōtian tę̄ epithymią proschrēsasthai.
"For my loins are filled with mockeries, and there is no healing in my flesh." By the loins he hinted at desire. For the kidneys lie in them, through which the appetites naturally move. He says, then, that the cause of these evils to him was using desire not for what is right but for debauchery.
Ps 38:7 (37:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:7: the loins signify desire, whose misuse caused David's troubles.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ψόαι σε μου → ψόαι μου; τούτων δε αἴτιόν → τούτων αἴτιόν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.8 (PG 80 80:1139; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.9PG 80 80:1139
· Ἐκακώθην καὶ ἐταπεινώθην ἕως σφόδρα ὠρυόμην ἀπὸ στεναγμοῦ τῆς καρδίας μου. Ἐξ ἐκείνης, φησὶ, τῆς ἐπιθυμίας ἐτρύγησα τὸ κύπτειν εἰς γῆν, καὶ διηνεκῶς ὀλοφύρεσθαι διὰ τὰς πικρὰς τῆς καρδίας ὀδύνας. Τούτου χάριν τῆς ἐπιθυμίας μεταβαλὼν τὴν ἐνέργειαν, ὑπουργὸν αὐτὴν κατέστησα τοῦ θείου βουλήματος. Τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγε·
; Ekakōthēn kai etapeinōthēn heōs sphodra ōryomēn apo stenagmou tēs kardias mou. Ex ekeinēs, phēsi, tēs epithymias etrygēsa to kyptein eis gēn, kai diēnekōs olophyresthai dia tas pikras tēs kardias odynas. Toutou charin tēs epithymias metabalōn tēn energeian, hypourgon autēn katestēsa tou theiou boulēmatos. Touto gar epēgage;
"I was afflicted and humbled exceedingly; I roared from the groaning of my heart." "From that desire," he says, "I reaped stooping to the ground and lamenting continually because of the bitter pains of my heart. For this reason I changed the working of desire and made it a servant of the divine will." For this is what he added:
Ps 38:8 (37:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:8: David's desire brought him grief, and so he turned it to serve God's will.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.9 (PG 80 80:1139; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.10PG 80 80:1139
« Κύριε, ἐναντίον σου πᾶσα ἡ ἐπιθυμία μου. · Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἅπαξ ἐχρησάμην αὐτῇ κακῶς, ἀεὶ τοῖς σοῖς αὐτὴν ἐπιτάγμασιν ἀναθήσω. • Καὶ ὁ στεναγμός μου ἀπὸ σοῦοὐκ ἀπεκρύβη. Ἡ καρδία μου ἐταράχθη· ἐγκατέλιπέ με ἡ ἰσχύς μου, καὶ τὸ φῶς τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν μου, καὶ αὐτὸ οὐκ ἔστι μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ. Ὁρᾷς μου, φησὶ, Δέσποτα, τοὺς ὀδυρμοὺς, καὶ τὰ δάκρυα, ὁρᾷς με κλονούμενον, καὶ τῆς ἰσχύος γεγυμνωμένον, καὶ τοῦ φωτὸς τοῦ συνήθους ἐστερημένον καὶ μεσούσης ἡμέρας ὡς ἐν σκότῳ διάγοντα. Δύο δὲ τὸ κατὰ ταὐτὸν διὰ τε τούτων σημαίνει, καὶ τὴν τῆς ἀθυμίας ὑπερβολὴν, δι᾽ ἣν οὐδὲ τὸ φῶς εἶναι δοκεῖ φῶς, καὶ τῆς θείας κηδεμονίας τὴν γύμνωσιν· ἣν φῶς ὀφθαλμῶν εἰκότως ὠνόμασεν.
« Kyrie, enantion sou pasa hē epithymia mou. ; Epeidē gar hapax echrēsamēn autę̄ kakōs, aei tois sois autēn epitagmasin anathēsō. • Kai ho stenagmos mou apo sououk apekrybē. Hē kardia mou etarachthē; enkatelipe me hē ischys mou, kai to phōs tōn ophthalmōn mou, kai auto ouk esti met᾿ emou. Horąs mou, phēsi, Despota, tous odyrmous, kai ta dakrya, horąs me klonoumenon, kai tēs ischyos gegymnōmenon, kai tou phōtos tou synēthous esterēmenon kai mesousēs hēmeras hōs en skotǭ diagonta. Dyo de to kata tauton dia te toutōn sēmainei, kai tēn tēs athymias hyperbolēn, di᾽ hēn oude to phōs einai dokei phōs, kai tēs theias kēdemonias tēn gymnōsin; hēn phōs ophthalmōn eikotōs ōnomasen.
"O Lord, all my desire is before you." "Since I once used it badly, I will always dedicate it to your commands." "And my groaning was not hidden from you. My heart was troubled; my strength forsook me, and the light of my eyes, even that is not with me." "You see, Master," he says, "my laments and tears; you see me shaken, stripped of strength, deprived of my usual light, and living as in darkness at midday." By these words he signifies two things at once: the excess of despondency, through which even light does not seem light, and the stripping away of divine care, which he fittingly named the light of the eyes.
Ps 38:9 (37:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 38:10 (37:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:9–10: David dedicates his desire to God, who sees his grief; the lost light of his eyes is both despondency and the loss of God's care.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): αὐτὴν το ἐπιτάγμασιν → αὐτὴν ἐπιτάγμασιν; ἡμέρας ὡς το ῃ ἐν σκότῳ → ἡμέρας ὡς ἐν σκότῳ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.10 (PG 80 80:1139; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-10
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.12PG 80 80:1141
« Οἱ φίλοι μου καὶ οἱ πλησίον μου ἐξεναντίας μου ἤγγισαν καὶ ἔστησαν· καὶ οἱ ἔγγιστά μου ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ἔστησαν. »᾿ Τοῦτο δὲ ὁ Σύμμαχος οὕτως ἡρμήνευσεν· Οἱ φίλοι καὶ οἱ ἑταῖροί μου ἐξεναντίας ἐν τῇ πληγῇ μου ἀντέστησαν. Οἱι μὲν γὰρ, φησὶ, τῶν φίλων, τὴν ἐμὴν θεασάμενοι πληγὴν, τὰ πολεμίων ἔδρασαν, καὶ προφανῶς μοι ἀντέστησαν· οἱ δὲ δείσαντες ἐχωρίσθησαν, τῆς οἰκείας μοι συμμαχίας οὐ μεταδόντες. Αἰνίττεται δὲ διὰ τοῦ προτέρου τὸν ᾿Αχιτόφελ, οὐ μόνον χωρισθέντα, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς ὀλεθρίους εἰσενεγκόντα βουλάς. Καὶ ἄλλοι δὲ, ὡς εἰκὸς, ταῦτα δεδράκασιν ἐκείνῳ • μᾶλλον δὲ τὸ πλεῖστον τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ αὕτη δὲ ἡ τοῦ Ἰούδα φυλὴ σὺν τῷ ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ ἐστρατεύσατο. Αὐτίκα τοίνυν μετὰ τὴν τοῦ πατραλοίου σφαγὴν, ἀλλήλοις παρεκελεύοντο φθάσαι τὰς ἄλλας φυλὰς, καὶ ἐπαναγαγεῖν εἰς τὰ βασίλεια τὸν βασιλέα Δαβίδ.
« Hoi philoi mou kai hoi plēsion mou exenantias mou ēngisan kai estēsan; kai hoi engista mou apo makrothen estēsan. »᾿ Touto de ho Symmachos houtōs hērmēneusen; Hoi philoi kai hoi hetairoi mou exenantias en tę̄ plēgę̄ mou antestēsan. Hoii men gar, phēsi, tōn philōn, tēn emēn theasamenoi plēgēn, ta polemiōn edrasan, kai prophanōs moi antestēsan; hoi de deisantes echōristhēsan, tēs oikeias moi symmachias ou metadontes. Ainittetai de dia tou proterou ton ᾿Achitophel, ou monon chōristhenta, alla kai tas olethrious eisenenkonta boulas. Kai alloi de, hōs eikos, tauta dedrakasin ekeinǭ • mallon de to pleiston tou Israēl, kai hautē de hē tou Iouda phylē syn tǭ ᾿Abessalōm estrateusato. Autika toinyn meta tēn tou patraloiou sphagēn, allēlois parekeleuonto phthasai tas allas phylas, kai epanagagein eis ta basileia ton basilea Dabid.
"My friends and my neighbors drew near and stood against me, and those nearest me stood far off." Symmachus rendered this thus: "My friends and companions stood opposite me in my blow." "Some of my friends," he says, "seeing my blow, acted as enemies and openly opposed me; others, afraid, withdrew and gave me no share of their alliance." By the first he hints at Ahithophel, who not only withdrew but also brought in deadly counsels. And others too, as is likely, did as he did; or rather the greater part of Israel, and even the tribe of Judah itself, campaigned with Absalom. So immediately after the parricide was killed, they urged one another to get ahead of the other tribes and bring King David back to the palace.
Ps 38:11 (37:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Sam 15:12 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Sam 19:11 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:11: some friends, like Ahithophel, turned against David and others stood aloof, as Israel and Judah sided with Absalom.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (repeated word (OCR)): Οἱ φίλοι καὶ οἱ οἱ ἑταῖροί → Οἱ φίλοι καὶ οἱ ἑταῖροί.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.12 (PG 80 80:1141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.13PG 80 80:1141
« Καὶ ἐξεβιάζοντο οἱ ζητοῦντες τὴν ψυχήν μου. Καὶ οἱ ζητοῦντες τὰ κακά μοι ἐλάλησαν ματαιότητα, καὶ δολιότητας ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν ἐμελέτησαν. » Γεγυμνωμένον με τῶν φίλων οἱ πολέμιοι θεασάμενοι, τὰς κατ᾿ ἐμοῦ ῥάπτοντες διετέλουν ἐπιβουλὰς, τῆς ἐμῆς σφαγῆς ἐφιέμενοι.
« Kai exebiazonto hoi zētountes tēn psychēn mou. Kai hoi zētountes ta kaka moi elalēsan mataiotēta, kai doliotētas holēn tēn hēmeran emeletēsan. » Gegymnōmenon me tōn philōn hoi polemioi theasamenoi, tas kat᾿ emou rhaptontes dieteloun epiboulas, tēs emēs sphagēs ephiemenoi.
"And those who sought my soul used violence. And those who sought evil for me spoke vanity and meditated deceits all the day." "Seeing me stripped of friends, my enemies kept stitching plots against me, longing for my slaughter."
Ps 38:12 (37:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:12: seeing David friendless, his enemies plotted his death.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.13 (PG 80 80:1141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-13
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.14PG 80 80:1141
« Ἐγὼ δὲ ὡσεὶ κωφὸς οὐκ ἤκουον, καὶ ὡσεὶ ἄλαλος οὐκ ἀνοίγων τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐγενόμην ὡσεὶ ἄνθρωπος οὐκ ἀκούων, καὶ οὐκ ἔχων ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτοῦ ἐλεγμούς. » Τοῦτο ἡ ἱστορία – διδάσκει σαφέστερον. Καὶ γὰρ τοῦ ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ τοῦ πατρὸς αἰτιωμένου τὰς ψήφους, καὶ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἐφελκομένου τῶν δικαζομένων τοὺς ἡττωμένους, ὁ μακάριος ἐμακροθύμει Δαβίδ. Καὶ τοῦ Σεμεεὶ λοιδορουμένου, καὶ γλώττῃ καὶ χειρὶ βάλλοντος, σιγῶν τὰς ὕβρεις ἐδέχετο· καὶ τὸν ᾿Αβεσσὰ πειραθέντα δίκας τὸν ἀλιτήριον πράξασθαι διεκώλυεν, εἰρηκὼς, « ῎Αφετε αὐτὸν καταρᾶσθαί με, ὅτι Κύριος προσέταξεν αὐτὸν · καταρᾶσθαι τὸν Δαβίδ.,
« Egō de hōsei kōphos ouk ēkouon, kai hōsei alalos ouk anoigōn to stoma autou. Kai egenomēn hōsei anthrōpos ouk akouōn, kai ouk echōn en tǭ stomati autou elegmous. » Touto hē historia – didaskei saphesteron. Kai gar tou ᾿Abessalōm tou patros aitiōmenou tas psēphous, kai pros heauton ephelkomenou tōn dikazomenōn tous hēttōmenous, ho makarios emakrothymei Dabid. Kai tou Semeei loidoroumenou, kai glōttę̄ kai cheiri ballontos, sigōn tas hybreis edecheto; kai ton ᾿Abessa peirathenta dikas ton alitērion praxasthai diekōlyen, eirēkōs, « ᾿Aphete auton katarasthai me, hoti Kyrios prosetaxen auton ; katarasthai ton Dabid.,
"But I, like a deaf man, did not hear, and like a mute who does not open his mouth. And I became like a man who does not hear and has no rebukes in his mouth." The history teaches this more clearly. For when Absalom found fault with his father's judgments and drew to himself those who had lost their cases, the blessed David was patient. And when Shimei abused him and pelted him with tongue and hand, he received the insults in silence, and prevented Abishai, who tried to punish the wretch, saying: "Let him curse me, for the Lord has commanded him to curse David."
Ps 38:13 (37:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 38:14 (37:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Sam 15:3 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Sam 16:10 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Sam 16:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:13–14: David bore Absalom's intrigues and Shimei's abuse in silence.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): μακάριος θ ἐμακροθύμει → μακάριος ἐμακροθύμει.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.14 (PG 80 80:1141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-14
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.16PG 80 80:1141
« "Ὅτι ἐπὶ σοὶ, Κύριε, ἤλπισα, σὺ εἰσακούσῃ, Κύριε ὁ Θεός μου. Ὅτι εἶπον, Μή ποτε ἐπιχαρῶσί μοι οἱ ἐχθροί μου, καὶ ἐν τῷ σαλευθῆνας πόδας μου, ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ ἐμεγαλοῤῥημόνησαν. » Ταύτῃ δὲ, φησὶ, χρώμενος τῇ καρτερίᾳ διετέλουν εἰς σὲ τὴν ἐλπίδα ἔχων, καὶ σοὶ τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ κρίσιν διδοὺς, καὶ ἱκετεύων, μὴ ἐπίχαρτος γενέσθαι τοῖς πολεμίοις, μηδὲ τὴν ἐμὴν ἧτταν πρόφασιν αὐτοῖς ἀλαζονείας γενέσθαι.
« "Hoti epi soi, Kyrie, ēlpisa, sy eisakousę̄, Kyrie ho Theos mou. Hoti eipon, Mē pote epicharōsi moi hoi echthroi mou, kai en tǭ saleuthēnas podas mou, ep᾿ eme emegalorrhēmonēsan. » Tautę̄ de, phēsi, chrōmenos tę̄ karterią dieteloun eis se tēn elpida echōn, kai soi tēn emautou krisin didous, kai hiketeuōn, mē epichartos genesthai tois polemiois, mēde tēn emēn hēttan prophasin autois alazoneias genesthai.
"For in you, O Lord, I have hoped; you will hear, O Lord my God. For I said, Lest my enemies rejoice over me; and when my feet were shaken, they spoke boastfully against me." "Using this endurance," he says, "I kept my hope in you, gave my cause to you, and entreated you that I not become a delight to my enemies, nor my defeat an occasion for their boasting."
Ps 38:15 (37:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 38:16 (37:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:15–16: David, enduring, left his cause to God and asked not to become a joy to his enemies.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.16 (PG 80 80:1141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-16
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.18PG 80 80:1141
« "Ὅτι ἐγὼ εἰς μάστιγας ὁ ἕτοιμος· καὶ ἡ ἀλγηδών μου ἐνώπιόν μού ἐστι διὰ παντός. » "Αξιόν με, φησὶ, μαστίγων ἡ ἁμαρτία πεποίηκε · διόπερ ἐμαυτὸν ὑποτίθημι ταῖς τιμωρίαις· ἐφίεμαι γὰρ τῆς θεραπείας, ταῖς τῆς ἁμαρτίας ὀδύναις κεντούμενος.
« "Hoti egō eis mastigas ho hetoimos; kai hē algēdōn mou enōpion mou esti dia pantos. » "Axion me, phēsi, mastigōn hē hamartia pepoiēke ; dioper emauton hypotithēmi tais timōriais; ephiemai gar tēs therapeias, tais tēs hamartias odynais kentoumenos.
"For I am ready for scourges, and my pain is ever before me." "Sin has made me deserving of scourges; therefore I submit myself to the punishments. For I long for the cure, pricked by the pains of sin."
Ps 38:17 (37:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:17: David accepts punishment as the cure for his sin.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark (OCR)): καὶ ἡ > ἀλγηδών → καὶ ἡ ἀλγηδών.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.18 (PG 80 80:1141; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-18
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.19PG 80 80:1143
« "Ὅτι τὴν ἀνομίαν μου ἐγὼ ἀναγγελῶ, καὶ μεριμνήσω ὑπὲρ τῆς ἁμαρτίας μου. » Διὰ δὲ τοῦτο καὶ κατήγορος ἐμαυτοῦ γίνομαι, καὶ πᾶσαν φροντίδα τῆς ὑγιείας ποιήσομαι.
« "Hoti tēn anomian mou egō anangelō, kai merimnēsō hyper tēs hamartias mou. » Dia de touto kai katēgoros emautou ginomai, kai pasan phrontida tēs hygieias poiēsomai.
"For I will declare my iniquity and be anxious about my sin." "For this reason I become my own accuser and will take every care for my health."
Ps 38:18 (37:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:18: David accuses himself and seeks the healing of his soul.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): Διὰ δὲ σ τοῦτο → Διὰ δὲ τοῦτο.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.19 (PG 80 80:1143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-19
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.20PG 80 80:1143
« Οἱ δὲ ἐχθροί μου ζῶσι, καὶ κεκραταίων ται ὑπὲρ ἐμέ· καὶ ἐπληθύνθησαν οἱ μισοῦντές με ἀδίκως. Οἱ ἀνταποδιδόντες μοι' κακὰ ἀντὶ ἀγαθῶν.» – « Σοὶ γὰρ, φησὶ, μόνῳ ἥμαρτον, Δέσποτα, καὶ τὸ πονηρὸν ἐνώπιόν σου ἐποίησα. » Έκεῖνοι δὲ πολλὰς πολλάκις παρ' ἐμοῦ εὐεργεσίας δεξάμενοι, τοῖς ἐναντίοις ἀμείβονται, καὶ μείζονά μου προσεκτήσαντο ῥώμην. « Ἐνδιέβαλλόν με, ἐπεὶ κατεδίωκον ἀγαθωσύνην. » Πάλιν τὸν ᾿Αβεσσαλώμ διὰ τούτων παραδηλοῖ, τὰς κρίσεις αὐτοῦ διαβάλλοντα καὶ ἀδίκους ἀποκαλοῦντα. Καὶ ἐπειδὴ υἱὸς ἦν πατροκτόνος γενέσθαι φιλονεικῶν, εἰκότως ἐπήγαγε· « Καὶ “ ἀπέῤῥιψάν με τὸν ἀγαπητὸν, ὡς νεκρὸν ἐβδελυγμένον. Ον γὰρ ἀγαπᾶν ἔδει κατὰ τοὺς τῆς φύσεως νόμους, τοῦτον ὡς δυσώδη νεκρὸν ἐμυσάττετο. Αρμόττει δὲ τοῦτο καὶ τῷ ἀχαρίστῳ λαῷ, ὃς μυρίας εὐεργεσίας παρὰ τοῦ Δαβὶδ δεξάμενος, καὶ τῶν ἀλλοφύλων δι' αὐτοῦ κρείττων γενόμενος πολλάκις, ἀγνώμων ἐδείχθη περὶ τὸν εὐεργέτην.
« Hoi de echthroi mou zōsi, kai kekrataiōn tai hyper eme; kai eplēthynthēsan hoi misountes me adikōs. Hoi antapodidontes moi' kaka anti agathōn.» – « Soi gar, phēsi, monǭ hēmarton, Despota, kai to ponēron enōpion sou epoiēsa. » Ekeinoi de pollas pollakis par' emou euergesias dexamenoi, tois enantiois ameibontai, kai meizona mou prosektēsanto rhōmēn. « Endieballon me, epei katediōkon agathōsynēn. » Palin ton ᾿Abessalōm dia toutōn paradēloi, tas kriseis autou diaballonta kai adikous apokalounta. Kai epeidē huios ēn patroktonos genesthai philoneikōn, eikotōs epēgage; « Kai “ aperrhipsan me ton agapēton, hōs nekron ebdelygmenon. On gar agapan edei kata tous tēs physeōs nomous, touton hōs dysōdē nekron emysatteto. Armottei de touto kai tǭ acharistǭ laǭ, hos myrias euergesias para tou Dabid dexamenos, kai tōn allophylōn di' autou kreittōn genomenos pollakis, agnōmōn edeichthē peri ton euergetēn.
"But my enemies live and have grown stronger than I, and those who hate me unjustly have been multiplied, those who repay me evil for good." "For against you alone, Master," he says, "I sinned and did evil before you." "But they, having often received many benefits from me, repay me with the opposite and have gained greater strength than I." "They slandered me because I pursued goodness." Here again he indicates Absalom, who slandered his judgments and called them unjust. And since he was a son eager to become a parricide, he fittingly added: "And they cast me off, the beloved, like a loathsome corpse." "For the one he ought to have loved by the laws of nature, him he abhorred like a stinking corpse." This fits the ungrateful people too, who received countless benefits from David, often prevailed over the foreigners through him, and proved ungrateful to their benefactor.
Ps 38:19 (37:20 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 38:20 (37:21 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 51:4 (50:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Sam 15:3 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:19–20: David sinned against God alone, but Absalom and the ungrateful people repaid his benefits with hatred.
- "And they cast me off, the beloved, like a loathsome corpse" is a line found in the Septuagint of this psalm.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.20 (PG 80 80:1143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-20
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
37.22PG 80 80:1143
« Μὴ ἐγκαταλίπης με, Κύριε ὁ Θεός μου, μὴ ἀποστῆς ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ. Πρόσχες εἰς τὴν βοήθειάν μου, Κύριε τῆς σωτηρίας μου. » Ὑπὸ τοσούτων, φησὶ, περικλυζόμενος ἀλγεινῶν, σὲ τὸν ἐμὸν Θεὸν καὶ Δεσπότην ἀντιβολῶ, μὴ γυμνῶσαί με τῆς συνήθους προνοίας, ἀλλὰ μεταδοῦναι ῥοπῆς, καὶ σωτηρίαν χαρίσασθαι.
« Mē enkatalipēs me, Kyrie ho Theos mou, mē apostēs ap᾿ emou. Prosches eis tēn boētheian mou, Kyrie tēs sōtērias mou. » Hypo tosoutōn, phēsi, periklyzomenos algeinōn, se ton emon Theon kai Despotēn antibolō, mē gymnōsai me tēs synēthous pronoias, alla metadounai rhopēs, kai sōtērian charisasthai.
"Do not forsake me, O Lord my God; do not stand far from me. Attend to my help, O Lord of my salvation." "Flooded with so many pains, I entreat you, my God and Master, not to strip me of your customary providence, but to give me your aid and grant me salvation."
Ps 38:21 (37:22 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 38:22 (37:23 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 38:21–22: David begs God not to withdraw his care.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 37.22 (PG 80 80:1143; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/37-22
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.