Interpretation of the Psalms 34.1–35.12
Greek text: PG 80.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 34
34.1PG 80 80:1109
• Ψαλμὸς τῷ Δαβίδ. • Καὶ τοῦτον ὡσαύτως τὸν ψαλμὸν εἴρηκεν ὁ μακάριος Δαβίδ, ὑπὸ τοῦ Σαούλ διωκόμενος · μέμνηται δὲ καὶ τῆς τοῦ Δωὴκ πονηρίας. Αὐτὸς γὰρ ἐμήνυσε τῷ Σαούλ τὰ κατὰ τὸν Αβιμέλεχ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ πρόξενος τῆς πολλῆς ἐκείνης μιαιφονίας ἐγένετο· μέμνηται δὲ καὶ τῶν Ζιφαίων, καὶ τῶν ἄλλων, οἳ τῷ Σαούλ τὸν Δαβίδ κατεμήνυον, ὡς αὐτὰ διδάξει τὰ ῥήματα. « Δίκασον, Κύριε, τοὺς ἀδικοῦντάς με · πολέμησον τοὺς πολεμοῦντάς με. » Καλὴ τῶν εἰρημένων ἡ τάξις, καὶ τῇ τοῦ δικαίου πρέπουσα εὐχῇ. Ἤτησε γὰρ πρότερον δικάσαι τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν, εἶθ' οὕτως ἐπαγαγεῖν τῆς τιμωρίας τὴν ψῆφον.
• Psalmos tǭ Dabid. • Kai touton hōsautōs ton psalmon eirēken ho makarios Dabid, hypo tou Saoul diōkomenos ; memnētai de kai tēs tou Dōēk ponērias. Autos gar emēnyse tǭ Saoul ta kata ton Abimelech ton hierea, kai proxenos tēs pollēs ekeinēs miaiphonias egeneto; memnētai de kai tōn Ziphaiōn, kai tōn allōn, hoi tǭ Saoul ton Dabid katemēnyon, hōs auta didaxei ta rhēmata. « Dikason, Kyrie, tous adikountas me ; polemēson tous polemountas me. » Kalē tōn eirēmenōn hē taxis, kai tę̄ tou dikaiou prepousa euchę̄. Ētēse gar proteron dikasai ton tōn holōn Theon, eith' houtōs epagagein tēs timōrias tēn psēphon.
"A psalm of David." This psalm too the blessed David spoke likewise when pursued by Saul. He also recalls the wickedness of Doeg; for he informed Saul about Abimelech the priest and caused that great bloodshed. He also recalls the Ziphites and the others who informed Saul about David, as the words themselves will teach. "Judge, O Lord, those who wrong me; fight those who fight me." The order of the words is fine and fitting for a righteous man's prayer. For he asked first that the God of all judge, and only then pronounce the sentence of punishment.
Ps 35:1 (34:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 22:9 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 22:18 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 23:19 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:1: spoken while David fled Saul, the psalm recalls Doeg and the Ziphites and asks God first to judge, then to punish.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.1 (PG 80 80:1109; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.2PG 80 80:1109
· Ἐπιλαβοῦ ὅπλου, καὶ θυρεοῦ, καὶ ἀνάστηθι εἰς τὴν βοήθειάν μου. Ἔκχεον ῥομφαίαν, καὶ σύγκλεισον ἐξεναντίας τῶν καταδιωκόντων με. » Πολέμου μνημονεύσας, ἀναγκαίως καὶ τῶν ὅπλων τὰ εἴδη προστέθεικε, τῷ σχήματι τῆς πανοπλίας ἐκδειματῶν τοὺς πονηρίᾳ συζῶντας. Οὐδὲ γὰρ τοσούτοις· ὅπλοις ἐκέχρητο ὁ Θεὸς κολάζων τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας· ἀρκεῖ δὲ αὐτῷ λόγος εἰς τιμωρίαν ἐσχάτην. « Εἶπον τῇ ψυχῇ μου· Σωτηρία σού εἰμι ἐγώ. › ᾿Αρκεῖ μοι ὁ σὸς λόγος εἰς σωτηρίαν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ὅπλων ὁ προφήτης ἐμνημόνευσεν, εἰκότως ἐδίδαξεν, ὡς οὐ χρήζει τοιούτων ὑπουργῶν ὁ Θεὸς, ἀλλὰ λόγῳ μόνῳ κἀκείνους κολάζει, καὶ τούτους εὐεργετεῖ.
; Epilabou hoplou, kai thyreou, kai anastēthi eis tēn boētheian mou. Ekcheon rhomphaian, kai synkleison exenantias tōn katadiōkontōn me. » Polemou mnēmoneusas, anankaiōs kai tōn hoplōn ta eidē prostetheike, tǭ schēmati tēs panoplias ekdeimatōn tous ponērią syzōntas. Oude gar tosoutois; hoplois ekechrēto ho Theos kolazōn tous adikountas; arkei de autǭ logos eis timōrian eschatēn. « Eipon tę̄ psychę̄ mou; Sōtēria sou eimi egō. › ᾿Arkei moi ho sos logos eis sōtērian. Epeidē gar hoplōn ho prophētēs emnēmoneusen, eikotōs edidaxen, hōs ou chrēzei toioutōn hypourgōn ho Theos, alla logǭ monǭ kakeinous kolazei, kai toutous euergetei.
"Take hold of weapon and shield, and rise up for my help. Draw the sword and close the way against those who pursue me." Having mentioned war, he necessarily added the kinds of weapons, frightening those who live in wickedness with the image of full armor. For God did not use so many weapons in punishing wrongdoers; a word is enough for him for the utmost punishment. "Say to my soul: I am your salvation." "Your word suffices me for salvation." Since the prophet mentioned weapons, he fittingly taught that God needs no such assistants, but by a word alone both punishes the one and benefits the other.
Ps 35:2 (34:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 35:3 (34:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:2–3: the armor is an image to frighten the wicked; God needs only a word to punish and to save.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): πανοπλίας το ἐκδειματῶν → πανοπλίας ἐκδειματῶν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.2 (PG 80 80:1109; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.4PG 80 80:1109
« Αἰσχυνθήτωσαν, καὶ ἐντραπήτωσαν οἱ ζητοῦντες τὴν ψυχήν μου, ἀποστραφήτωσαν εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω, καὶ καταισχυνθήτωσαν οἱ λογιζόμενοί μοι κακά. » Διαμάρτωσι, φησὶν, ὧν τυρεύουσι, καὶ γένηται αὐτοῖς αἰσχύνη τῆς πονηρίας ἐπικαρπία.
« Aischynthētōsan, kai entrapētōsan hoi zētountes tēn psychēn mou, apostraphētōsan eis ta opisō, kai kataischynthētōsan hoi logizomenoi moi kaka. » Diamartōsi, phēsin, hōn tyreuousi, kai genētai autois aischynē tēs ponērias epikarpia.
"Let those who seek my soul be put to shame and confounded; let those who devise evils against me be turned back and put to shame." "May they fail," he says, "in what they contrive, and may shame be the fruit of their wickedness."
Ps 35:4 (34:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:4: David asks that his enemies' schemes fail and bring them shame.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.4 (PG 80 80:1109; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.5PG 80 80:1109
« Γενηθήτωσαν ὡσεὶ χνοῦς κατὰ πρόσωπον ἀνέμου, καὶ ἄγγελος Κυρίου ἐκθλίβων αὐτούς. » Τοῦτο καὶ ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ψαλμῷ τέθεικεν· «Οὐχ οὕτως οἱ ἀσεβεῖς, οὐχοὕτως· ἀλλ᾽ ἢ ὡσεὶ χνοῦς, ὃν ἐκρίπτει ὁ ἄνεμος ἀπὸ προσώπου τῆς γῆς.»
« Genēthētōsan hōsei chnous kata prosōpon anemou, kai angelos Kyriou ekthlibōn autous. » Touto kai en tǭ prōtǭ psalmǭ tetheiken; «Ouch houtōs hoi asebeis, ouchoutōs; all᾽ ē hōsei chnous, hon ekriptei ho anemos apo prosōpou tēs gēs.»
"Let them become like chaff before the wind, with the angel of the Lord pressing them hard." He put this in the first psalm too: "Not so the ungodly, not so, but like the chaff which the wind drives from the face of the earth."
Ps 35:5 (34:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 1:4 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:5: the wicked will be like chaff before the wind, as Psalm 1 says.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.5 (PG 80 80:1109; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.6PG 80 80:1109
« Γενηθήτω ἡ ὁδὸς αὐτῶν σκότος, καὶ ὀλί σθημα, καὶ ἄγγελος Κυρίου καταδιώκων αὐτούς. » Τρέψον αὐτοὺς εἰς φυγὴν, τοῖς ἀοράτοις ἀγγέλοις ἐπιτρέπων τὴν δίωξιν. Οὕτως εὑρίσκομεν καὶ τοὺς Ασσυρίους ὑπ᾽ ἀγγέλου ἀναιρεθέντας, καὶ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων τὰ πρωτότοκα ὁ ὀλοθρευτής διέφθειρε. Σκότος δὲ καὶ ὀλίσθημα τὴν κατάπτωσιν λέγει. Οἵ τε γὰρ προσπταίοντες, καὶ οἱ τὸν ὅλισθον ὑπομένοντες, καταπίπτουσιν. Καὶ δεικνὺς τῆς εὐχῆς τὸ δίκαιον, ἐπάγει· «Ὅτι δωρεάν ἔκρυψάν μοι διαφθοράν παγίδος αὐτῶν· μάτην ὠνείδισαν τὴν ψυχήν μου. ᾿Αδίκοις γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐπιβουλαῖς κέχρηνται κατ' ἐμοῦ. Τὸ δὲ ὠνείδισαν, ὑπώρυξαν ὁ Σύμμαχος εἴρηκεν. Αἰνίττεται δὲ τὸν κρύβδην κατασκευαζόμενον όλεθρον.
« Genēthētō hē hodos autōn skotos, kai oli sthēma, kai angelos Kyriou katadiōkōn autous. » Trepson autous eis phygēn, tois aoratois angelois epitrepōn tēn diōxin. Houtōs heuriskomen kai tous Assyrious hyp᾽ angelou anairethentas, kai tōn Aigyptiōn ta prōtotoka ho olothreutēs diephtheire. Skotos de kai olisthēma tēn kataptōsin legei. Hoi te gar prosptaiontes, kai hoi ton holisthon hypomenontes, katapiptousin. Kai deiknys tēs euchēs to dikaion, epagei; «Hoti dōrean ekrypsan moi diaphthoran pagidos autōn; matēn ōneidisan tēn psychēn mou. ᾿Adikois gar, phēsin, epiboulais kechrēntai kat' emou. To de ōneidisan, hypōryxan ho Symmachos eirēken. Ainittetai de ton krybdēn kataskeuazomenon olethron.
"Let their way be darkness and slipperiness, with the angel of the Lord pursuing them." "Turn them to flight, entrusting the pursuit to the invisible angels." So we find that the Assyrians were destroyed by an angel, and the destroyer slew the firstborn of the Egyptians. By darkness and slipperiness he means their fall; for those who stumble and those who slip both fall. And showing the justice of the prayer, he adds: "For without cause they hid for me the destruction of their snare; in vain they reproached my soul." "For they use unjust plots against me." For "reproached" Symmachus said "dug under." He hints at the destruction prepared in secret.
Ps 35:6 (34:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 35:7 (34:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Kgs 19:35 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 12:23 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:6–7: the angels pursue the wicked, as they struck the Assyrians and Egypt's firstborn, for they plotted against David without cause.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (marginal verse number (OCR)): ἐπάγει· ζ'. « → ἐπάγει· «.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.6 (PG 80 80:1109; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.8PG 80 80:1111
Ἐλθέτω αὐτῷ παγὶς ἣν οὐ γινώσκει · καὶ ἡ θήρα ἣν ἔκρυψε συλλαβέτω αὐτὸν · καὶ ἐν τῇ παγίδι πεσεῖται ἐν αὐτῇ. › Οἷς κατασκευάζουσι, φησὶ, περιπέσοιεν, καὶ τοῖς οἰκείοις δικτύοις ἐμπέσοιεν· ἀπροσδόκητον ὑπομείναιεν θήραν · τοῦτο γὰρ εἶπε, · παγὶς ἣν οὐ γινώσκει.
Elthetō autǭ pagis hēn ou ginōskei ; kai hē thēra hēn ekrypse syllabetō auton ; kai en tę̄ pagidi peseitai en autę̄. › Hois kataskeuazousi, phēsi, peripesoien, kai tois oikeiois diktyois empesoien; aprosdokēton hypomeinaien thēran ; touto gar eipe, ; pagis hēn ou ginōskei.
"Let a snare he does not know come upon him, and let the hunt he hid catch him, and in the snare he will fall into it." "May they fall," he says, "into what they prepare and be caught in their own nets; may they suffer an unexpected hunt." For this is what he said: "a snare he does not know."
Ps 35:8 (34:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:8: the plotters will be caught unawares in their own nets.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): Ἐλθέτω αὐτῷ οἱ παγὶς → Ἐλθέτω αὐτῷ παγὶς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.8 (PG 80 80:1111; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.9PG 80 80:1111
« Ἡ δὲ ψυχή μου ἀγαλλιάσεται ἐπὶ τῷ Κυρίῳ· τερφθήσεται ἐπὶ τῷ σωτηρίῳ αὐτοῦ. Πάντα τὰ ὀστᾶ μου ἐροῦσι· Κύριε, Κύριε, τίς ὅμοιός σοι;» Ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ θυμηδίαν καὶ εὐφροσύνην ἐπὶ τοῖς σοῖς ἀγαθοῖς καρπώσομαι, Δέσποτα, καὶ διὰ πάντων μου τῶν μορίων μόνον σε εἶναι βοήσω Θεόν. Τὸ γὰρ, • Τις ὅμοιός σοι;» τοῦτο δηλοῖ, ὅτι Μόνος ὑπάρχεις Θεὸς, κατὰ πάντων ἔχων τὸ κράτος. « Ῥυόμενος πτωχὸν ἐκ χειρὸς στερεωτέρων αὐτοῦ, καὶ πτωχὸν καὶ πένητα ἀπὸ τῶν διαρπαζόντων αὐτόν. » Οὐκ ἐᾷς γὰρ ὑπὸ τῶν δυνατωτέρων πολιορκεῖσθαι τοὺς πενεστέρους· ἀλλὰ κἀκείνους ἄγχεις, καὶ τούτοις ἐπαμύνεις.
« Hē de psychē mou agalliasetai epi tǭ Kyriǭ; terphthēsetai epi tǭ sōtēriǭ autou. Panta ta osta mou erousi; Kyrie, Kyrie, tis homoios soi?» Egō de kai thymēdian kai euphrosynēn epi tois sois agathois karpōsomai, Despota, kai dia pantōn mou tōn moriōn monon se einai boēsō Theon. To gar, • Tis homoios soi?» touto dēloi, hoti Monos hyparcheis Theos, kata pantōn echōn to kratos. « Rhyomenos ptōchon ek cheiros stereōterōn autou, kai ptōchon kai penēta apo tōn diarpazontōn auton. » Ouk eąs gar hypo tōn dynatōterōn poliorkeisthai tous penesterous; alla kakeinous ancheis, kai toutois epamyneis.
"But my soul will exult in the Lord; it will delight in his salvation. All my bones will say, Lord, Lord, who is like you?" "But I will reap cheer and gladness at your good gifts, Master, and with all my members I will cry that you alone are God." For "Who is like you?" shows this: "You alone are God, holding power over all." "Rescuing the poor from the hand of those stronger than he, and the poor and needy from those who plunder him." "For you do not let the poorer be besieged by the more powerful, but you choke the one and defend the other."
Ps 35:9 (34:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 35:10 (34:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:9–10: David will praise God as the only God, who defends the poor against the strong.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.9 (PG 80 80:1111; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.11PG 80 80:1111
« ᾿Αναστάντες μοι μάρτυρες ἄδικοι, ἃ οὐκ ἐγίνωσκον, ἠρώτων με. » Συκοφαντίαν, φησὶν, ὑπέμεινα, ἃ μηδὲ ἐλογισάμην, κατηγορούμενος. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ὑπὸ τοῦ φθόνου βαλλόμενος ὁ Σαούλ, τυραννήσειν αὐτὸν ὑπώπτευε, καὶ τούτου χάριν πολεμῶν διετέλει· χώραν λαβόντες οἱ βασκαίνοντες, τὰς κατ' αὐτοῦ συκοφαντίας οὐκ ἔληγον ῥάπτοντες. Τούτους μάρτυρας ὀνομάζει ψευδεῖς. Ἐκ τούτων ἦν ὁ Δωὴκ, ἐκ τούτων οἱ Ζιφαῖοι, καὶ ἕτεροι πρὸς τούτοις πολλοί.
« ᾿Anastantes moi martyres adikoi, ha ouk eginōskon, ērōtōn me. » Sykophantian, phēsin, hypemeina, ha mēde elogisamēn, katēgoroumenos. Epeidē gar hypo tou phthonou ballomenos ho Saoul, tyrannēsein auton hypōpteue, kai toutou charin polemōn dietelei; chōran labontes hoi baskainontes, tas kat' autou sykophantias ouk elēgon rhaptontes. Toutous martyras onomazei pseudeis. Ek toutōn ēn ho Dōēk, ek toutōn hoi Ziphaioi, kai heteroi pros toutois polloi.
"Unjust witnesses rose up against me; they asked me things I did not know." "I suffered slander," he says, "accused of what I had not even thought of." For since Saul, struck by envy, suspected that he would seize power, and for this reason kept making war on him, the envious took the opportunity and did not stop stitching together slanders against him. These he calls false witnesses. Doeg was one of them, the Ziphites were of them, and many others besides.
Ps 35:11 (34:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:11: envious informers slandered David to Saul.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Latin character for a Greek letter (OCR)): ὑπέμεινα, & μηδὲ → ὑπέμεινα, ἃ μηδὲ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.11 (PG 80 80:1111; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.12PG 80 80:1111
« ᾿Ανταπεδίδουν μοι πονηρὰ ἀντὶ τῶν ἀγαθῶν, καὶ ἀτεκνίαν ' τῇ ψυχῇ μου. » Ἐγὼ μὲν γὰρ ὁ τὸν Γολιάθ ἀνεῖλον θρασυνόμενον, καὶ κατὰ παντὸς νεανιευόμενον τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ ἀλλοφύλους κατηγωνισάμην πολλάκις, καὶ τοῖς πνευματικοῖς κρούμασι τῆς δαιμονικῆς αὐτὸν ἠλευθέρουν μανίας· αὐτὸς δὲ μοι πολεμῶν οὐ παύεται, θανάτῳ παραδοῦναι καὶ λήθῃ βουλόμενος. ᾿Ατεκνίαν γὰρ τὴν λήθην ὠνόμασεν, ὡς διὰ τῶν παίδων φυλαττομένης τῆς μνήμης. Διὸ καὶ ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς διὰ Ἡσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου φησί · « Μὴ λεγέτω ὁ εὐνοῦχος, ὅτι Ἐγώ εἰμι ξύλον ξηρόν· ὅτι τάδε λέγει Κύριος τοῖς εὐνούχοις τοῖς ἐκλεγομένοις· "Α ἐγὼ θέλω, δώσω αὐτοῖς ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ μου, ἐν τῷ τείχει μου τόπον θαυμαστὸν, καὶ ὄνομα ἀγαθὸν, κρεῖττον υἱῶν καὶ θυγατέρων. »
« ᾿Antapedidoun moi ponēra anti tōn agathōn, kai ateknian ' tę̄ psychę̄ mou. » Egō men gar ho ton Goliath aneilon thrasynomenon, kai kata pantos neanieuomenon tou laou, kai allophylous katēgōnisamēn pollakis, kai tois pneumatikois kroumasi tēs daimonikēs auton ēleutheroun manias; autos de moi polemōn ou pauetai, thanatǭ paradounai kai lēthę̄ boulomenos. ᾿Ateknian gar tēn lēthēn ōnomasen, hōs dia tōn paidōn phylattomenēs tēs mnēmēs. Dio kai ho tōn holōn Theos dia Hēsaïou tou prophētou phēsi ; « Mē legetō ho eunouchos, hoti Egō eimi xylon xēron; hoti tade legei Kyrios tois eunouchois tois eklegomenois; "A egō thelō, dōsō autois en tǭ oikǭ mou, en tǭ teichei mou topon thaumaston, kai onoma agathon, kreitton huiōn kai thygaterōn. »
"They repaid me evil for good, and childlessness to my soul." "For I killed Goliath, who was insolent and swaggering against the whole people; I often fought the foreigners and freed him from demonic madness with spiritual music; yet he does not stop making war on me, wishing to hand me over to death and oblivion." He named oblivion childlessness, since memory is preserved through children. That is why the God of all says through Isaiah the prophet: "Let not the eunuch say, I am a dry tree. For thus says the Lord to the eunuchs who choose what I will: I will give them in my house, within my wall, a wonderful place and a good name, better than sons and daughters."
Ps 35:12 (34:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 17:50 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 16:23 (allusion, high confidence) · Isa 56:3 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 56:4 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 56:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:12: Saul repaid David's victory over Goliath and his healing music with persecution meant to blot out his memory.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word with stray letter (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): φυλατ Ο τομένης → φυλαττομένης; Διὸ δὲ ἐὲ καὶ → Διὸ καὶ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.12 (PG 80 80:1111; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.13PG 80 80:1113
« Ἐγὼ δὲ ἐν τῷ αὐτοὺς παρενοχλεῖν μοι ἐνεδυόμην σάκκον, καὶ ἐταπείνουν ἐν νηστείᾳ τὴν ψυχήν μου, καὶ ἡ προσευχή μου εἰς κόλπον μου ἀποστραφήσεται. · Ἐντεῦθεν παιδευόμεθα πῶς δεῖ λύειν τὰς συμφοράς· σάκκον γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀμπεχόμενος, καὶ νηστείᾳ κατατηκόμενος, τῷ Θεῷ τὴν ἱκετηρίαν προσέφερον· καὶ ἐδεχόμην τῆς αἰτήσεως τοὺς καρπούς. «Τὸ γὰρ, « Καὶ ἡ προσευχή μου εἰς κόλπον μου ἀποστραφήσεται, » τοῦτο σημαίνει ἀντὶ τοῦ, Προσευχόμενος ἐδεχόμην παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὰς αἰτήσεις, καὶ τὸν κόλπον μου ἐπλήρουν.
« Egō de en tǭ autous parenochlein moi enedyomēn sakkon, kai etapeinoun en nēsteią tēn psychēn mou, kai hē proseuchē mou eis kolpon mou apostraphēsetai. ; Enteuthen paideuometha pōs dei lyein tas symphoras; sakkon gar, phēsin, ampechomenos, kai nēsteią katatēkomenos, tǭ Theǭ tēn hiketērian prosepheron; kai edechomēn tēs aitēseōs tous karpous. «To gar, « Kai hē proseuchē mou eis kolpon mou apostraphēsetai, » touto sēmainei anti tou, Proseuchomenos edechomēn para tou Theou tas aitēseis, kai ton kolpon mou eplēroun.
"But when they troubled me, I put on sackcloth and humbled my soul with fasting, and my prayer will return into my bosom." From this we are taught how misfortunes should be undone. "Wearing sackcloth," he says, "and wasting away with fasting, I offered supplication to God, and I received the fruits of my request." For "and my prayer will return into my bosom" means: "When I prayed I received my requests from God and filled my bosom."
Ps 35:13 (34:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:13: David met his troubles with sackcloth, fasting, and prayer, and received what he asked.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.13 (PG 80 80:1113; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-13
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.14PG 80 80:1113
« Ὡς " πλησίον, ὡς ἀδελφὸν ἡμέτερον, οὕτως εὐηρέστουν· ὡς πενθῶν καὶ σκυθρωπάζων, οὕτως ἐταπεινούμην. » Πᾶσαν αὐτῷ, φησὶ, θεραπείαν, ὡς ἀδελφῷ γνησίῳ προσέφερον, καὶ ἀσχάλλοντος καὶ πενθοῦντος ἐμιμούμην ταπείνωσιν, οὐκ ἀνασχόμένος μεγαφρονεῖν ἐπὶ τοῖς κατορθώμασι. Τοῦτο καὶ ἡ ἱστορία διδάσκει. Τοῦ γὰρ Σαούλ εἰρηκότος ἐκεῖ, « Σὺ τέκνον Δαβίδ; ἀπεκρίνατο λέγων· Δοῦλος σὸς, κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ. » Καὶ πάλιν· « Ἵνα τί διώκει ὁ κύριός μου ὁ βασιλεὺς ὀπίσω κυνὸς τεθνηκότος, καὶ ὀπίσω ψύλλου ἑνός; ›
« Hōs " plēsion, hōs adelphon hēmeteron, houtōs euērestoun; hōs penthōn kai skythrōpazōn, houtōs etapeinoumēn. » Pasan autǭ, phēsi, therapeian, hōs adelphǭ gnēsiǭ prosepheron, kai aschallontos kai penthountos emimoumēn tapeinōsin, ouk anaschomenos megaphronein epi tois katorthōmasi. Touto kai hē historia didaskei. Tou gar Saoul eirēkotos ekei, « Sy teknon Dabid? apekrinato legōn; Doulos sos, kyrie mou basileu. » Kai palin; « Hina ti diōkei ho kyrios mou ho basileus opisō kynos tethnēkotos, kai opisō psyllou henos? ›
"As a neighbor, as our brother, so I pleased him; as one mourning and sad, so I humbled myself." "I offered him every service," he says, "as to a true brother, and imitated the humility of one grieving and mourning, not allowing myself to be proud of my achievements." The history too teaches this. For when Saul said there, "Is it you, my child David?" he answered, "Your servant, my lord the king." And again: "Why does my lord the king pursue after a dead dog and after a single flea?"
Ps 35:14 (34:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 26:17 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 24:14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:14: David served Saul like a brother and humbled himself before him, as the history shows.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.14 (PG 80 80:1113; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-14
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.15PG 80 80:1113
« Καὶ κατ᾿ ἐμοῦ ηὐφράνθησαν, καὶ συνήχθησαν· συνήχθησαν ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ μάστιγες , καὶ οὐκ ἔγνων. » Αὐτοὶ δὲ μετὰ πλήθους ἐπῄεσαν, ἀνελεῖν με προσδοκῶντες, καὶ ἐξαπιναίως προσέβαλλον, ἑλεῖν ἀγνοοῦντα πειρώμενοι. Τὸ γὰρ, « Συνήχθησαν ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ μάστιγες, καὶ οὐκ ἔγνων, » οὕτως ἡρμήνευσεν ὁ Σύμμαχος, Συνήγοντο κατ᾿ ἐμοῦ πλῆκται, καὶ οὐκ ᾔδειν. « Διεσχίσθησαν, καὶ οὐ κατενύγησαν. » Καὶ διαμαρτόντες, φησὶ, τῆς ἐλπίδος, καὶ σκεδασθέντες,, οὐ μετεμελήθησαν ἐφ' οἷς κακῶς ἐβουλεύσαντο· ἀλλ᾽ αὖθις τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἐπεχείρησαν.
« Kai kat᾿ emou ēuphranthēsan, kai synēchthēsan; synēchthēsan ep᾿ eme mastiges , kai ouk egnōn. » Autoi de meta plēthous epę̄esan, anelein me prosdokōntes, kai exapinaiōs proseballon, helein agnoounta peirōmenoi. To gar, « Synēchthēsan ep᾿ eme mastiges, kai ouk egnōn, » houtōs hērmēneusen ho Symmachos, Synēgonto kat᾿ emou plēktai, kai ouk ę̄dein. « Dieschisthēsan, kai ou katenygēsan. » Kai diamartontes, phēsi, tēs elpidos, kai skedasthentes,, ou metemelēthēsan eph' hois kakōs ebouleusanto; all᾽ authis tois autois epecheirēsan.
"And against me they rejoiced and gathered together; scourges gathered against me, and I did not know." "They came with a crowd, expecting to kill me, and attacked suddenly, trying to catch me unawares." "Scourges gathered against me, and I did not know" Symmachus rendered thus: "Strikers gathered against me, and I did not know." "They were split apart and were not pierced with remorse." "Though they failed in their hope and were scattered," he says, "they did not repent of their evil counsels, but attempted the same things again."
Ps 35:15 (34:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:15: David's enemies attacked him by surprise and, though scattered, did not repent.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.15 (PG 80 80:1113; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-15
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.16PG 80 80:1113
· Ἐπείρασάν με, ἐξεμυκτήρισάν με μυκτηρισμῷ ἔβρυξαν ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ τοὺς ὀδόντας αὐτῶν. › Διὰ πάσης, φησὶν, ὥδευσαν πείρας, τὸν οἰκεῖον θυμὲν ἐμπλῆσαι βουλόμενοι· ποτὲ μὲν γὰρ ἀπατηλοῖς χρώμενοι λόγοις ἀγρεύειν ἐπειρῶντο, ποτὲ δὲ λεόν τειον ἐβρύχοντο φονῶντες.
; Epeirasan me, exemyktērisan me myktērismǭ ebryxan ep᾿ eme tous odontas autōn. › Dia pasēs, phēsin, hōdeusan peiras, ton oikeion thymen emplēsai boulomenoi; pote men gar apatēlois chrōmenoi logois agreuein epeirōnto, pote de leon teion ebrychonto phonōntes.
"They tested me, they mocked me with mockery, they gnashed their teeth at me." "They went through every trial," he says, "wishing to sate their anger. Sometimes they tried to hunt me with deceitful words, sometimes they roared like lions, thirsting for blood."
Ps 35:16 (34:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:16: the enemies tried both deceit and open fury against David.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.16 (PG 80 80:1113; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-16
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.17PG 80 80:1115
« Κύριε, πότε ἐπόψῃ;» Τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ἐγκαλῶν εἶπεν, ἀλλὰ ποθῶν τὴν βοήθειαν. Πότε, φησὶν, ἐπιφαίνῃ καὶ ἐπαμύνεις ἡδικημένῳ;
« Kyrie, pote epopsę̄?» Touto de ouk enkalōn eipen, alla pothōn tēn boētheian. Pote, phēsin, epiphainę̄ kai epamyneis hēdikēmenǭ?
"O Lord, when will you look on?" He said this not in reproach but longing for help: "When," he says, "will you appear and defend the one who is wronged?"
Ps 35:17 (34:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:17a: David's "how long" is a cry of longing for help, not a complaint.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.17 (PG 80 80:1115; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-17
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.18PG 80 80:1115
« ᾿Αποκατάστησον τὴν ψυχήν μου ἀπὸ τῆς κακουργίας αὐτῶν. » Κρείττονά μου τὴν ψυχὴν τῶν μηχανημάτων αὐτῶν ἀπόφηνον. « Ῥῦσαι ἀπὸ λεόντων τὴν μονογενῆ μου. » Εἰρηκὼς ἄνω, • Ἔβρυξαν ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ τοὺς ὀδόντας αὐτῶν· · ἴδιος δὲ τῶν λεόντων ὁ βρυχμός · εἰκότως αὐτοὺς καὶ λέοντας προσηγόρευσε, τὸ ὠμοβόρον καὶ θηριώδες ἐξελέγχων τῆς γνώμης. Τὴν μονογενῆ δὲ μου ὁ Σύμμαχος τὴν μονότητά μου εἴρηκεν, ἀντὶ τοῦ, τὴν πάσης ἀνθρωπίνης ἔρημον βοηθείας.
« ᾿Apokatastēson tēn psychēn mou apo tēs kakourgias autōn. » Kreittona mou tēn psychēn tōn mēchanēmatōn autōn apophēnon. « Rhysai apo leontōn tēn monogenē mou. » Eirēkōs anō, • Ebryxan ep᾿ eme tous odontas autōn; ; idios de tōn leontōn ho brychmos ; eikotōs autous kai leontas prosēgoreuse, to ōmoboron kai thēriōdes exelenchōn tēs gnōmēs. Tēn monogenē de mou ho Symmachos tēn monotēta mou eirēken, anti tou, tēn pasēs anthrōpinēs erēmon boētheias.
"Restore my soul from their evildoing." "Make my soul stronger than their contrivances." "Rescue my only-begotten one from lions." Having said above, "They gnashed their teeth at me," and gnashing being proper to lions, he fittingly called them lions too, exposing the savage and beastly nature of their mind. For "my only-begotten one" Symmachus said "my loneliness," that is, "my soul, bereft of all human help."
Ps 35:17 (34:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 35:16 (34:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:17b: David's enemies are lions, and his "only one" is his soul, left without any human help.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.18 (PG 80 80:1115; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-18
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.19PG 80 80:1115
« Ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι, Κύριε, ἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ πολλῇ, ἐν λαῷ βαρεῖ αἰνέσω σε. » Τὸ δὲ « ἐν λαῷ βαρεῖ , » ὁ Σύμμαχος ἐν λαῷ παμπληθεῖ εἴρηκε. Πρόῤῥησις δὲ ἦν αὕτη, καὶ πρόῤῥησις δεξαμένη τέλος. Ἐν πάσῃ γὰρ γῇ καὶ θαλάσσῃ ὑμνεῖ τὸν Θεὸν καὶ διὰ τῶν πεπιστευκότων ὁ θεῖος Δαβίδ· Ἐκκλησίαν γὰρ πολλὴν, καὶ παμπληθῆ λαὸν τὰς κατὰ τὴν οἰκουμένην Ἐκκλησίας καλεῖ.
« Exomologēsomai soi, Kyrie, en ekklēsią pollę̄, en laǭ barei ainesō se. » To de « en laǭ barei , » ho Symmachos en laǭ pamplēthei eirēke. Prorrhēsis de ēn hautē, kai prorrhēsis dexamenē telos. En pasę̄ gar gę̄ kai thalassę̄ hymnei ton Theon kai dia tōn pepisteukotōn ho theios Dabid; Ekklēsian gar pollēn, kai pamplēthē laon tas kata tēn oikoumenēn Ekklēsias kalei.
"I will confess you, O Lord, in a great assembly; among a weighty people I will praise you." For "among a weighty people" Symmachus said "among a very numerous people." This was a prediction, and a prediction that has been fulfilled. For in every land and sea the divine David hymns God through those who have believed. He calls the churches throughout the world a great assembly and a very numerous people.
Ps 35:18 (34:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:18: the great assembly is the churches of the whole world, where David's psalms praise God.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.19 (PG 80 80:1115; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-19
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.20PG 80 80:1115
« Μὴ ἐπιχαρείησάν μοι οἱ ἐχθραίνοντές μοι ἀδίκως · οἱ μισοῦντές με δωρεὰν καὶ διανεύοντες ὀφθαλμοῖς. Ἐνταῦθα πάλιν τῶν Σαούλ παροξυνόντων ἐποιήσατο μνήμην, ὡς φιλίαν μὲν ὑποκρινομένων, τὰ πολεμίων δὲ δρώντων. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ διά τῶν ἑξῆς σαφέστερον εἴρηκεν.
« Mē epichareiēsan moi hoi echthrainontes moi adikōs ; hoi misountes me dōrean kai dianeuontes ophthalmois. Entautha palin tōn Saoul paroxynontōn epoiēsato mnēmēn, hōs philian men hypokrinomenōn, ta polemiōn de drōntōn. Touto de kai dia tōn hexēs saphesteron eirēken.
"Let those who are my enemies unjustly not rejoice over me, those who hate me without cause and wink with their eyes." Here again he made mention of those who incited Saul, as pretending friendship but acting as enemies. He says this more clearly in what follows.
Ps 35:19 (34:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:19: those who pretended friendship while inciting Saul are meant.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray character (OCR)): διανεύοντες & ὀφθαλμοῖς → διανεύοντες ὀφθαλμοῖς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.20 (PG 80 80:1115; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-20
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.21PG 80 80:1115
« Ὅτι ἐμοὶ μὲν εἰρηνικὰ ἐλάλουν· καὶ ἐπ' ὀργὴν δόλους διελογίζοντο. » Φιλικοῖς γὰρ χρώμενοι λόγοις, ὡς ἐν γῇ τινι κρύπτειν, τὴν ὀργὴν ἐπειρῶντο, δόλου πλήρη τὴν διάνοιαν ἔχοντες.
« Hoti emoi men eirēnika elaloun; kai ep' orgēn dolous dielogizonto. » Philikois gar chrōmenoi logois, hōs en gę̄ tini kryptein, tēn orgēn epeirōnto, dolou plērē tēn dianoian echontes.
"For to me they spoke peaceable words, and in anger they devised deceits." For using friendly words, they tried to hide their anger as though in the ground, having a mind full of deceit.
Ps 35:20 (34:20 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:20: David's enemies hid their anger behind friendly words.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): κρύπτειν δε, τὴν → κρύπτειν, τὴν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.21 (PG 80 80:1115; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-21
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.22PG 80 80:1115
« Καὶ δὲ ἐπλάτυναν ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ τὸ στόμα αὐτῶν, εἶπον· Εὖγε, εὖγε, εἶδον οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἡμῶν. » Θεασάμενοι δὲ με τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς αἰσθόμενον, ἐγύμνωσαν λοιπὸν δε τὴν κεκρυμμένην δυσμένειαν, μετὰ φωνῆς ἐφηδόμενοι ταῖς ἐμαῖς συμφοραῖς.
« Kai de eplatynan ep᾿ eme to stoma autōn, eipon; Euge, euge, eidon hoi ophthalmoi hēmōn. » Theasamenoi de me tēs epiboulēs aisthomenon, egymnōsan loipon de tēn kekrymmenēn dysmeneian, meta phōnēs ephēdomenoi tais emais symphorais.
"And they opened their mouth wide against me; they said, Aha, aha, our eyes have seen it." "Seeing that I had perceived the plot, they then laid bare their hidden hostility, gloating aloud over my misfortunes."
Ps 35:21 (34:21 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:21: once discovered, the enemies openly gloated over David's troubles.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.22 (PG 80 80:1115; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-22
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.23PG 80 80:1115
«Εἶδες, Κύριε, μὴ παρασιωπήσῃς, Κύριε, μὴ ἀποστῆς ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ. Ἐξεγέρθητι, Κύριε, καὶ πρόσχες τῇ κρίσει μου, ὁ Θεός μου καὶ ὁ Κύριός μου, εἰς τὴν δίκην μου. » Κριτὴς εἶ, Δέσποτα, ἐφορᾷς ἅπαντα, καὶ οὐδέν σου διαφεύγει τὴν ἐποψίαν • μὴ παρίδῃς τὰ πεπραγμένα, μηδὲ τῆς σῆς με προνοίας ἔρημον καταστήσῃς· ἀλλὰ δίκασον, καὶ δὸς τὴν ψῆφον ταχέως. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα δηλοῖ.
«Eides, Kyrie, mē parasiōpēsę̄s, Kyrie, mē apostēs ap᾿ emou. Exegerthēti, Kyrie, kai prosches tę̄ krisei mou, ho Theos mou kai ho Kyrios mou, eis tēn dikēn mou. » Kritēs ei, Despota, ephorąs hapanta, kai ouden sou diapheugei tēn epopsian • mē paridę̄s ta pepragmena, mēde tēs sēs me pronoias erēmon katastēsę̄s; alla dikason, kai dos tēn psēphon tacheōs. Touto de kai ta epagomena dēloi.
"You have seen, O Lord; do not keep silent; O Lord, do not stand far from me. Rouse yourself, O Lord, and attend to my judgment, my God and my Lord, to my cause." "You are judge, Master, you oversee all things, and nothing escapes your watch. Do not overlook what has been done, nor leave me bereft of your providence; but judge, and give the verdict quickly." What follows also shows this.
Ps 35:22 (34:22 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 35:23 (34:23 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:22–23: David asks the all-seeing judge to give his verdict quickly.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR)): ἀλλὰ δε δίκασον → ἀλλὰ δίκασον; Τοῦτο δὲ στ καὶ → Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.23 (PG 80 80:1115; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-23
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.25PG 80 80:1117
« Κρῖνόν με, Κύριε, κατὰ τὴν δικαιοσύνην σου, Κύριε ὁ Θεός μου, καὶ μὴ ἐπιχαρείησάν μοι οἱ ἐχθροί μου. Μὴ εἴποισαν ἐν καρδίαις αὐτῶν· Εὖγε, εὖγε, τῇ ψυχῇ ἡμῶν, μηδὲ εἴποιεν· Κατεπίομεν αὐτόν. » Εἰ γὰρ ἀναβάλῃ τὴν δίκην, ᾧ Δέσποτα, ἐπιτωθάσουσι πάλιν ἐκεῖνοι, καὶ πρόφασιν θυμηδίας τὰς ἐμὰς ὀδύνας ποιήσονται, καὶ οἰκείαν εὐημερίαν ἡγήσονται τὴν ἐμὴν δυσκληρίαν.
« Krinon me, Kyrie, kata tēn dikaiosynēn sou, Kyrie ho Theos mou, kai mē epichareiēsan moi hoi echthroi mou. Mē eipoisan en kardiais autōn; Euge, euge, tę̄ psychę̄ hēmōn, mēde eipoien; Katepiomen auton. » Ei gar anabalę̄ tēn dikēn, hǭ Despota, epitōthasousi palin ekeinoi, kai prophasin thymēdias tas emas odynas poiēsontai, kai oikeian euēmerian hēgēsontai tēn emēn dysklērian.
"Judge me, O Lord, according to your righteousness, O Lord my God, and let my enemies not rejoice over me. Let them not say in their hearts, Aha, aha, to our soul; nor let them say, We have swallowed him up." "For if you put off the judgment, Master, they will mock again, make my pains an occasion of cheer, and count my misfortune their own prosperity."
Ps 35:24 (34:24 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 35:25 (34:25 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:24–25: if God delays judgment, the enemies will gloat over David's ruin.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.25 (PG 80 80:1117; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-25). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-25
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.27PG 80 80:1117
« Αἰσχυνθείησαν καὶ ἐντραπείησαν ἅμα οἱ ἐπιχαίρεντες τοῖς κακοῖς μου· ἐνδυσάσθωσαν αἰσχύνην καὶ ἐντροπὴν οἱ μεγαλοῤῥημονοῦντες ἐπ᾿ ἐμέ. » Κατάλληλος ἡ αἰσχύνη τοῖς ἐπικερτομοῦσι τοῖς πέλας· διὸ τοῖς ἀλαζόσι καὶ μεγαλοῤῥήμοσι ταύτην ὁ προφήτης ἐπηύξατο.
« Aischyntheiēsan kai entrapeiēsan hama hoi epichairentes tois kakois mou; endysasthōsan aischynēn kai entropēn hoi megalorrhēmonountes ep᾿ eme. » Katallēlos hē aischynē tois epikertomousi tois pelas; dio tois alazosi kai megalorrhēmosi tautēn ho prophētēs epēuxato.
"Let those who rejoice at my troubles be put to shame and confounded together; let those who speak boastfully against me be clothed with shame and confusion." Shame suits those who mock their neighbors; that is why the prophet prayed it upon the boastful and the big talkers.
Ps 35:26 (34:26 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:26: shame is the fitting lot of those who mock their neighbors.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.27 (PG 80 80:1117; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-27). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-27
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.28PG 80 80:1117
« ᾿Αγαλλιάσθωσαν καὶ εὐφρανθείησαν οἱ θέλοντες τὴν δικαιοσύνην μου, καὶ εἰπάτωσαν διαπαντὸς, Μεγαλυνθήτω ὁ Κύριος, οἱ θέλοντες τὴν εἰρήνην τοῦ δούλου αὐτοῦ. • ᾿Αγαλλόμενοι δὲ καὶ χαίροντες διατελέσοιεν οἱ τὰ ἀγαθά μοι βουλόμενοι, καὶ τῆς εἰρήνης τῆς ἐμῆς ἐφιέμενοι, καὶ ταύτης τυχόντα θεασάμενοι, σὲ τὸν Δεσπότην ὑμνήσαιεν.
« ᾿Agalliasthōsan kai euphrantheiēsan hoi thelontes tēn dikaiosynēn mou, kai eipatōsan diapantos, Megalynthētō ho Kyrios, hoi thelontes tēn eirēnēn tou doulou autou. • ᾿Agallomenoi de kai chairontes diatelesoien hoi ta agatha moi boulomenoi, kai tēs eirēnēs tēs emēs ephiemenoi, kai tautēs tychonta theasamenoi, se ton Despotēn hymnēsaien.
"Let those who desire my righteousness exult and be glad, and let them say continually, Let the Lord be magnified, those who desire the peace of his servant." "May those who wish me well and long for my peace continue exulting and rejoicing, and seeing me obtain it, may they hymn you, the Master."
Ps 35:27 (34:27 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:27: David's well-wishers will praise God when he obtains peace.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.28 (PG 80 80:1117; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-28). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-28
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
34.29PG 80 80:1117
« Καὶ ἡ γλῶσσά μου μελετήσει τὴν δικαιοσύνην σου, ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν τὸν ἔπαινόν σου. » Ἐγὼ δὲ τῆς σῆς προνοίας ἀπολαύσας, νύκτωρ καὶ μεθ᾽ ἡμέραν τὰς σὰς ἐντολὰς μελέτην ποιήσομαι, καὶ διηνεκῶς σου τὰς εὐεργεσίας ὑμνήσω. Τὸ γὰρ ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν, πᾶσαν ἡμέραν ὁ Σύμμαχος εἴρηκε, τὸ διηνεκὲς διὰ τούτων σημαίνων. Ὁ μὲν οὖν ψαλμὸς τοῦτο ἔσχε τὸ τέλος. Παρακαλῶ δὲ τοὺς ἐντευξομένους, μηδὲ μίαν βλάβην ἐκ τῆς τοῦ δικαίου δέξασθαι προσευχῆς, μηδὲ πρόφασιν εἰς τὰς κατὰ τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἀρὰς ἐντεῦθεν κομίζεσθαι . συνιδεῖν δὲ, ὡς νομικὴν πολιτείαν, οὐκ εὐαγγελικὴν ὁ προφήτης μετῄει. Ὁ δὲ νόμος διαγορεύει ἀγαπῆσαι τὸν πλησίον, καὶ τὸν ἐχθρὸν μισῆσαι. Ὁ δὲ Δεσπότης Χριστὸς τὴν τελειοτάτην δεικνὺς ἀρετὴν, ἔφη, « Ἐῤῥέθη τοῖς ἀρχαίοις· ᾿Αγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου, καὶ μισήσεις τὸν ἐχθρόν σου· ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν· Ἀγαπᾶτε τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ὑμῶν, εὐλογεῖτε τοὺς διώκοντας ὑμᾶς. » Συνῳδὰ δὲ τούτοις καὶ ὁ θεῖος ᾿Απόστολος ἔφη· « Εὐλογεῖτε, καὶ μὴ καταρᾶσθε. • Εἰς ταύτην τοίνυν τὴν διαφορὰν ἀποβλέποντες, γνῶτε τί μὲν ἁρμόττει τῷ νόμῳ, τί δὲ τῇ χάριτι. ῎Ἄλλως τε δὲ καὶ ὁ μακάριος Δαβὶδ οὐκ ἐπαρώμενος ταῦτα ἔλεγεν, ἀλλὰ προφητικῶς προὔλεγε τὰ πάντως ἐσόμενα. Ὅτι δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς κατὰ τὴν εὐαγγελικὴν νομοθεσίαν οὐκ ἠμύνατο τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας, ἀκούσατε αὐτοῦ λέγοντος· « Εἰ ἀνταπέδωκα τοῖς ἀνταποδιδοῦσί μοι κακὰ, ἀποπέσοιμι ἄρα ἀπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν μου κενὸς, καταδιώξαι ἄρα ὁ. ἐχθρὸς τὴν ψυχήν μου, καὶ καταλάβοι, καὶ καταπατήσαι το εἰς γῆν τὴν ζωήν μου, καὶ τὴν δόξαν μου εἰς χοῦν κατασκηνώσαι. » Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε μὲν ταῦτα, οὐκ ἔπραξε δὲ · τοῖς γὰρ δὲ λόγοις τὸ πέρας ἑπέθηκε, καὶ σαφέστερα τῶν ῥημάτων τὰ πράγματα. Δὶς μὲν γὰρ ὑποχείριον λαβὼν τὸν πολέμιον, οὐ μόνον αὐτὸς οὐκ ἀνεῖλεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἀνελεῖν βουληθέντας ἐκώλυσεν· ἐν πολέμῳ δὲ πεσόντα πικρῶς ὡλοφύρατο , καὶ τὸν μεμηνυκότα τὸν θάνατον, ὡς ἐφηδόμενον καὶ ἀνῃρηκέναι νεανιευσάμενον, τῷ θανάτῳ παρέπεμψε. Ταῦτα δὲ διεξελθεῖν ἡναγκάσθην διὰ τοὺς ἐπαρωμένους, καὶ τὸν θεῖον Δαβὶδ εἰς μέσον παράγοντας, ἵνα τὴν μεγίστην τοῦ Δαβὶδ φιλοσοφίαν ἀρχέτυπον ἔχωσιν ὠφελείας.
« Kai hē glōssa mou meletēsei tēn dikaiosynēn sou, holēn tēn hēmeran ton epainon sou. » Egō de tēs sēs pronoias apolausas, nyktōr kai meth᾽ hēmeran tas sas entolas meletēn poiēsomai, kai diēnekōs sou tas euergesias hymnēsō. To gar holēn tēn hēmeran, pasan hēmeran ho Symmachos eirēke, to diēnekes dia toutōn sēmainōn. Ho men oun psalmos touto esche to telos. Parakalō de tous enteuxomenous, mēde mian blabēn ek tēs tou dikaiou dexasthai proseuchēs, mēde prophasin eis tas kata tōn echthrōn aras enteuthen komizesthai . synidein de, hōs nomikēn politeian, ouk euangelikēn ho prophētēs metę̄ei. Ho de nomos diagoreuei agapēsai ton plēsion, kai ton echthron misēsai. Ho de Despotēs Christos tēn teleiotatēn deiknys aretēn, ephē, « Errhethē tois archaiois; ᾿Agapēseis ton plēsion sou, kai misēseis ton echthron sou; egō de legō hymin; Agapate tous echthrous hymōn, eulogeite tous diōkontas hymas. » Synǭda de toutois kai ho theios ᾿Apostolos ephē; « Eulogeite, kai mē katarasthe. • Eis tautēn toinyn tēn diaphoran apoblepontes, gnōte ti men harmottei tǭ nomǭ, ti de tę̄ chariti. ᾿Allōs te de kai ho makarios Dabid ouk eparōmenos tauta elegen, alla prophētikōs proulege ta pantōs esomena. Hoti de kai autos kata tēn euangelikēn nomothesian ouk ēmynato tous adikountas, akousate autou legontos; « Ei antapedōka tois antapodidousi moi kaka, apopesoimi ara apo tōn echthrōn mou kenos, katadiōxai ara ho. echthros tēn psychēn mou, kai katalaboi, kai katapatēsai to eis gēn tēn zōēn mou, kai tēn doxan mou eis choun kataskēnōsai. » Kai ouk eipe men tauta, ouk epraxe de ; tois gar de logois to peras hepethēke, kai saphestera tōn rhēmatōn ta pragmata. Dis men gar hypocheirion labōn ton polemion, ou monon autos ouk aneilen, alla kai tous anelein boulēthentas ekōlysen; en polemǭ de pesonta pikrōs hōlophyrato , kai ton memēnykota ton thanaton, hōs ephēdomenon kai anę̄rēkenai neanieusamenon, tǭ thanatǭ parepempse. Tauta de diexelthein hēnankasthēn dia tous eparōmenous, kai ton theion Dabid eis meson paragontas, hina tēn megistēn tou Dabid philosophian archetypon echōsin ōpheleias.
"And my tongue will meditate on your righteousness, your praise all the day." "Having enjoyed your providence, I will make your commandments my meditation night and day and hymn your benefits continually." For "all the day" Symmachus said "every day," signifying continuity. So the psalm came to this end. But I urge those who will read it not to take any harm from the righteous man's prayer, nor to draw from it a pretext for curses against enemies, but to note that the prophet followed the way of life of the law, not of the Gospel. The law prescribes loving one's neighbor and hating one's enemy. But Christ the Lord, showing the most perfect virtue, said: "It was said to those of old, You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy; but I say to you, Love your enemies, bless those who persecute you." In harmony with this the divine Apostle said, "Bless, and do not curse." Looking, then, to this difference, know what suits the law and what suits grace. Besides, the blessed David did not say these things as curses, but foretold prophetically what would certainly happen. And that he himself, in keeping with the legislation of the Gospel, did not take revenge on those who wronged him, hear him saying: "If I repaid those who repaid me evil, let me fall empty from my enemies; let the enemy pursue my soul and overtake it, trample my life to the ground, and lay my glory in the dust." And he did not say this and not do it; he gave his words their fulfillment, and his deeds are clearer than his words. For twice having his enemy in his power, he not only did not kill him himself but prevented those who wished to kill him; and when he fell in war he mourned him bitterly, and sent to death the man who brought the news of his death, as one who gloated and boasted of having killed him. I was compelled to go through these things because of those who curse and bring the divine David forward as their example, so that they may have the very great wisdom of David as a pattern for their benefit.
Ps 35:28 (34:28 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:43 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:44 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 12:14 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 7:4 (7:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 7:5 (7:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 24:7 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 26:9 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Sam 1:12 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Sam 1:15 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 35:28: David's prayers against enemies belong to the law, not the Gospel, and are predictions, not curses; he himself spared Saul and mourned him, and is no warrant for cursing.
- Theodoret's contrast between the law and the Gospel on enemies is translated as written; the law itself does not command hatred of enemies (compare Matt 5:43).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter; split word (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): Συνῳδὰ δὲ τούτο. τοις → Συνῳδὰ δὲ τούτοις; Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε μὲν δι ταῦτα → Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε μὲν ταῦτα; Δὺς μὲν γὰρ → Δὶς μὲν γὰρ.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 34.29 (PG 80 80:1117; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-29). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/34-29
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 35
35.1PG 80 80:1119
« Εἰς τὸ τέλος, τῷ δούλῳ Κυρίου, τῷ Δαβίδ. » Ἡνίκα τὸν Σαούλ ὁ θεῖος Δαβὶδ λαβὼν ὑποχείριον, οὐ μόνον αὐτὸς δὲ οὐκ ἀνεῖλεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἀνελεῖν πειραθέντας ἐκώλυσεν, ἡμέρας γενομένης, ἐπί τινος ἀκρωρείας γενόμενος, ἐπιμέμφεται τῷ Σαούλ· καὶ τῆς δυσμενείας ἐλέγχει τὸ ἄδικον· διδάσκων ὡς καθεύδοντα νύκτωρ εὑρὼν, οὐχ ὡς πολέμιον ἀνεῖλεν, ἀλλ᾽ ὡς εὐεργέτην διέσωσε· καὶ δείκνυσι τὸ πτερύγιον τῆς διπλοΐδος, καὶ τὸν φακὸντοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ τὸ δόρυ, ὅπερ εἰς ἀπόδειξιν εἰλήφει τῆς τῶν ῥημάτων ἀληθείας. Πρὸς ταῦτα ὁ Σαούλ ἀπεκρίνατο, ῥήμασι χρησάμενος κεχρωσμένοις εὐνοίᾳ, καὶ τὸ τῆς φιλίας προσωπεῖον περικειμένοις. Προστέθεικε δὲ τοῖς λόγοις καὶ ὅρκους, σκηψάμενος μεταμέλειαν. Τηνικαῦτα τοίνυν τὸν ψαλμὸν τοῦτον ὁ μακάριος ἔφη Δαβίδ, κατηγορίαν ποιούμενος τῶν πονηρίᾳ συζώντων, καὶ τὴν διὰ πάντων διήκουσαν τοῦ Θεοῦ προμήθειαν ἀνακηρύττων· ἀνέμιξε δὲ καὶ θεολογίαν τοῖς λόγοις καὶ προφητείαν · οὗ δὴ χάριν καὶ ἡ ἐπιγραφὴ εἰς τὸ τέλος παραπέμπει τὸν ἐντυγχάνοντα.
« Eis to telos, tǭ doulǭ Kyriou, tǭ Dabid. » Hēnika ton Saoul ho theios Dabid labōn hypocheirion, ou monon autos de ouk aneilen, alla kai tous anelein peirathentas ekōlysen, hēmeras genomenēs, epi tinos akrōreias genomenos, epimemphetai tǭ Saoul; kai tēs dysmeneias elenchei to adikon; didaskōn hōs katheudonta nyktōr heurōn, ouch hōs polemion aneilen, all᾽ hōs euergetēn diesōse; kai deiknysi to pterygion tēs diploïdos, kai ton phakontou hydatos, kai to dory, hoper eis apodeixin eilēphei tēs tōn rhēmatōn alētheias. Pros tauta ho Saoul apekrinato, rhēmasi chrēsamenos kechrōsmenois eunoią, kai to tēs philias prosōpeion perikeimenois. Prostetheike de tois logois kai horkous, skēpsamenos metameleian. Tēnikauta toinyn ton psalmon touton ho makarios ephē Dabid, katēgorian poioumenos tōn ponērią syzōntōn, kai tēn dia pantōn diēkousan tou Theou promētheian anakēryttōn; anemixe de kai theologian tois logois kai prophēteian ; hou dē charin kai hē epigraphē eis to telos parapempei ton entynchanonta.
"To the end; for the servant of the Lord, David." When the divine David had Saul in his power and not only did not kill him himself but prevented those who tried to kill him, at daybreak he went up on a ridge and reproached Saul, exposing the injustice of his hostility, telling how, having found him asleep at night, he had not killed him as an enemy but preserved him as a benefactor; and he showed the edge of the cloak, the jar of water, and the spear, which he had taken as proof of the truth of his words. To this Saul replied with words tinged with goodwill and wearing the mask of friendship, and he added oaths to his words, pretending repentance. At that time, then, the blessed David spoke this psalm, accusing those who live in wickedness and proclaiming God's providence that pervades all things. He mixed theology and prophecy into his words; for this reason the title too refers the reader to the end.
Ps 36:1 (35:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Sam 26:12 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 26:13 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 24:4 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Sam 26:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36, title: David spoke this psalm after sparing the sleeping Saul and hearing his false repentance; it mixes theology and prophecy.
- Theodoret combines the two occasions on which David spared Saul: the corner of the cloak is from 1 Sam 24:4, the jar and spear from 1 Sam 26:12.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.1 (PG 80 80:1119; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
35.2PG 80 80:1119
«Φησὶν ὁ παράνομος τοῦ ἁμαρτάνειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ. » Οἴεται, φησὶν, ὁ κακίᾳ συντεθραμμένος, μηδένα θεωρεῖν τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ τὰ κεκρυμμένα βουλεύματα. Τὸ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἡγεῖται καὶ ὑπολαμβάνει τέθεικεν. Οὐκ ἔστι φόβος Θεοῦ ἀπέναντι τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ. Αἴτιον δὲ τῆς τοιαύτης ἀναλγησίας, τὸ μὴ δεδιέναι τὸν πάντα ἐφορῶντα Δεσπότην.
«Phēsin ho paranomos tou hamartanein en heautǭ. » Oietai, phēsin, ho kakią syntethrammenos, mēdena theōrein tēs psychēs autou ta kekrymmena bouleumata. To gar, phēsin, anti tou hēgeitai kai hypolambanei tetheiken. Ouk esti phobos Theou apenanti tōn ophthalmōn autou. Aition de tēs toiautēs analgēsias, to mē dedienai ton panta ephorōnta Despotēn.
"The lawless one says, so as to sin within himself." "The one reared in wickedness," he says, "thinks that no one sees the hidden counsels of his soul." He set "says" for "thinks and supposes." "There is no fear of God before his eyes." The cause of such callousness is not fearing the Master who oversees all things.
Ps 36:1 (35:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36:1: the wicked sin in secret because they do not fear the God who sees all.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): Θεοῦ ἀπ· ἐναντι → Θεοῦ ἀπέναντι.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.2 (PG 80 80:1119; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
35.3PG 80 80:1121
« Ὅτι ἐδόλωσεν ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ, τοῦ εὑρεῖν τὴν ἀνομίαν αὐτοῦ καὶ μισῆσαι.» [ Οὕτω, φησὶν, ἑαυτὸν διέτρεψεν, καὶ τὸν φόβον τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ ἀπέῤῥιψεν ὀφθαλμῶν, ὡς τὴν ἀνομίαν αὐτοῦ προφανῆ τυγχάνουσαν καὶ πᾶσιν ὁρᾶσθαι καὶ εὑρίσκεσθαι καὶ διὰ τοῦτο μίσους ἀξίαν εἶναι. ᾿Ακάμπτως ἐξέδωκεν ἑαυτὸν τῇ ἀνομίᾳ.] Ἑκὼν δὲ ταύτην ἔχει τὴν ἄγνοιαν, ὡς μὴ βουλόμενος λογιστεῦσαι τὰ πεπραγμένα, καὶ μισῆσαι κακῶς πεπραγμένα.
« Hoti edolōsen enōpion autou, tou heurein tēn anomian autou kai misēsai.» [ Houtō, phēsin, heauton dietrepsen, kai ton phobon tou Theou tōn heautou aperrhipsen ophthalmōn, hōs tēn anomian autou prophanē tynchanousan kai pasin horasthai kai heuriskesthai kai dia touto misous axian einai. ᾿Akamptōs exedōken heauton tę̄ anomią.] Hekōn de tautēn echei tēn agnoian, hōs mē boulomenos logisteusai ta pepragmena, kai misēsai kakōs pepragmena.
"For he acted deceitfully before him, so as to find his iniquity and hate it." ["He so perverted himself," he says, "and cast the fear of God from his eyes, that his iniquity, being manifest, is seen and found by all and so deserves hatred. Inflexibly he gave himself up to iniquity."] He has this ignorance willingly, as one unwilling to reckon up what he has done and to hate what was done wrongly.
Ps 36:2 (35:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36:2: the wicked man deceives himself, willingly refusing to examine and hate his own sin.
- The bracketed passage is bracketed in Migne.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.3 (PG 80 80:1121; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
35.4PG 80 80:1121
« Τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ ἀνομία καὶ δόλος · οὐκ ἐβουλήθη συνιέναι τοῦ ἀγαθῦναι. ᾿Ανομίαν διελογίσατο ἐπὶ τῆς κοίτης αὐτοῦ, παρἑστη πάσῃ ὁδῷ οὐκ ἀγαθῇ· κακίᾳ δὲ οὐ προσώχθισεν. » Λόγοις μὲν γὰρ' κέχρηται τῆς ἀληθείας γεγυμνωμένοις, καὶ δόλῳ συμπεπλεγμένοις · συνιδεῖν δὲ τὸ πρέπον· οὐ βούλεται, ἀλλὰ καὶ νύκτωρ πονηρὰ τυρεύει τῷ πέλας, καὶ μεθ' ἡμέραν πληροῦν ἐπιχειρεῖ τὰ βουλεύματα. Τούτου δὲ αἴτιον, τὸ μὴ βδελύττεσθαι αὐτὸν, καὶ παντελῶς ἀποστρέφεσθαι τῆς πονηρίας τὰ εἴδῃ. Τὸ γὰρα, κακίᾳ οὐ προσὠχθισεν, ἀντὶ τοῦ οὐκ ἐβδελύξατο, τέθεικεν. Καὶ γὰρ τὰ εἴδωλα ποτὲ μὲν βδελύγματα, ποτὲ δὲ προσοχθίσματα ἡ θεία προσαγορεύει Γραφή. Τοῦτο δὲ ὁ ᾿Ακύλας, οὐκ ἀπέῤῥιψεν ἡρμήνευσεν· [ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος, οὐκ ἀπεδοκίμασεν· ] ὁ δὲ Θεοδοτίων, οὐκ ἀπώσατο. « Κύριε, ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ τὸ ἔλεός σου, καὶ ἡ ἀλήθειά σου ἕως τῶν νεφελῶν. Καὶ ἡ δικαιοσύνη σου, ὡς ὅρη Θεοῦ. Ἐκεῖνοι μὲν οὖν, ὡς μηδενὸς ἐφορῶντος, τοιαῦτα· πράττειν ἐπιχειροῦσι· σὺ δὲ, Δέσποτα, καὶ ἔλεον ἔχεις ἀμέτρητον, καὶ ἀλήθειαν ἀστάθμητον, καὶ δικαιοσύνην ὄρεσι παραβαλλομένην μεγίστοις· χωρεῖ δὲ σου καὶ μέχρι τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἡ ἀλήθεια, διὰ τῶν προφητῶν, οἷον διά τινων νεφελῶν, τὸν σωτήριον αὐτοῖς ὑετὸν χορηγοῦσα. « Τὰ κρίματά σου ἄβυσσος πολλή. » Τοσαύτην δὲ ἔχων ἀλήθειαν καὶ δικαιοσύνην, τίνος ἕνεκα μακροθυμεῖς, ἀγνοῶ· τὸ τῆς ἀβύσσου ἀθεώρητον μιμεῖταί σου τὰ κρίματα. Καθάπερ γὰρ ἐκείνης ἀνθρώποις ἀθεώρητος ὁ βυθὸς, οὕτως ἀνέφικτος τῶν σῶν κριμάτων ἡ κατανόησις· « ᾿Ανθρώπους καὶ κτήνη σώσεις, Κύριε.» Καὶ τί τούτου τὸ αἴτιον;
« Ta rhēmata tou stomatos autou anomia kai dolos ; ouk eboulēthē synienai tou agathynai. ᾿Anomian dielogisato epi tēs koitēs autou, parestē pasę̄ hodǭ ouk agathę̄; kakią de ou prosōchthisen. » Logois men gar' kechrētai tēs alētheias gegymnōmenois, kai dolǭ sympeplegmenois ; synidein de to prepon; ou bouletai, alla kai nyktōr ponēra tyreuei tǭ pelas, kai meth' hēmeran plēroun epicheirei ta bouleumata. Toutou de aition, to mē bdelyttesthai auton, kai pantelōs apostrephesthai tēs ponērias ta eidę̄. To gara, kakią ou prosōchthisen, anti tou ouk ebdelyxato, tetheiken. Kai gar ta eidōla pote men bdelygmata, pote de prosochthismata hē theia prosagoreuei Graphē. Touto de ho ᾿Akylas, ouk aperrhipsen hērmēneusen; [ho de Symmachos, ouk apedokimasen; ] ho de Theodotiōn, ouk apōsato. « Kyrie, en tǭ ouranǭ to eleos sou, kai hē alētheia sou heōs tōn nephelōn. Kai hē dikaiosynē sou, hōs horē Theou. Ekeinoi men oun, hōs mēdenos ephorōntos, toiauta; prattein epicheirousi; sy de, Despota, kai eleon echeis ametrēton, kai alētheian astathmēton, kai dikaiosynēn oresi paraballomenēn megistois; chōrei de sou kai mechri tōn anthrōpōn hē alētheia, dia tōn prophētōn, hoion dia tinōn nephelōn, ton sōtērion autois hyeton chorēgousa. « Ta krimata sou abyssos pollē. » Tosautēn de echōn alētheian kai dikaiosynēn, tinos heneka makrothymeis, agnoō; to tēs abyssou atheōrēton mimeitai sou ta krimata. Kathaper gar ekeinēs anthrōpois atheōrētos ho bythos, houtōs anephiktos tōn sōn krimatōn hē katanoēsis; « ᾿Anthrōpous kai ktēnē sōseis, Kyrie.» Kai ti toutou to aition?
"The words of his mouth are iniquity and deceit; he did not wish to understand so as to do good. He devised iniquity on his bed; he set himself in every way that is not good, and he did not loathe evil." "He uses words stripped of truth and woven with deceit; he does not wish to perceive what is fitting, but at night he contrives wicked things against his neighbor and by day tries to carry out his plans." The cause of this is that he does not abhor and turn wholly away from the forms of wickedness. For "he did not loathe evil" he set for "he did not abhor." For the divine Scripture calls idols sometimes abominations and sometimes loathsome things. Aquila rendered this "he did not throw away"; [Symmachus, "he did not reject";] and Theodotion, "he did not thrust away." "O Lord, your mercy is in heaven, and your truth reaches to the clouds; your righteousness is like the mountains of God." "They, then, try to do such things as though no one oversaw them; but you, Master, have immeasurable mercy, truth beyond weighing, and righteousness comparable to the greatest mountains. Your truth reaches even to human beings through the prophets as through clouds, supplying them saving rain." "Your judgments are a great deep." "Having so much truth and righteousness, why you are patient I do not know; your judgments imitate the unsearchableness of the deep. For as its depth cannot be seen by human beings, so the understanding of your judgments is beyond reach." "Men and beasts you will save, O Lord." And what is the cause of this?
Ps 36:3 (35:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 36:4 (35:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 36:5 (35:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 36:6 (35:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36:3–6: the wicked plot without loathing evil, while God's mercy, truth, and righteousness are immense and his judgments unsearchable.
- The bracketed words are bracketed in Migne.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (marginal verse numbers (OCR)): ἀπώσατο. ς΄, ζ΄ « → ἀπώσατο. «.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.4 (PG 80 80:1121; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
35.8PG 80 80:1123
« Ὡς ἐπλήθυνας τὸ ἔλεός σου, ὁ Θεός.» Μέχρι γὰρ καὶ τῶν κτηνῶν ἡ σὴ διήκει φιλανθρωπία, καὶ οὐ μόνον ἀνθρώπους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον γεγενημένα τρέφεις, τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ διὰ τούτων εὐεργετῶν. « Οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐν σκέπῃ τῶν πτερύγων σου ἐλπιοῦσιν. » Πρόῤῥησιν ὁ λόγος ἔχει τῆς μετὰ τὴν ἐνανθρώπησιν τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν γεγενημένης μεταβολῆς. Οὐ γὰρ εἶπεν ἤλπισαν, ἀλλὰ ἐλπιοῦσιν.
« Hōs eplēthynas to eleos sou, ho Theos.» Mechri gar kai tōn ktēnōn hē sē diēkei philanthrōpia, kai ou monon anthrōpous, alla kai ta dia ton anthrōpon gegenēmena trepheis, tous anthrōpous kai dia toutōn euergetōn. « Hoi de huioi tōn anthrōpōn en skepę̄ tōn pterygōn sou elpiousin. » Prorrhēsin ho logos echei tēs meta tēn enanthrōpēsin tou Sōtēros hēmōn gegenēmenēs metabolēs. Ou gar eipen ēlpisan, alla elpiousin.
"How you have multiplied your mercy, O God." "For your love for humankind reaches even to the beasts, and you feed not only human beings but also what was made for the sake of the human being, benefiting human beings through these too." "But the sons of men will hope in the shelter of your wings." The word contains a prediction of the change that came about after the incarnation of our Savior. For he did not say "they hoped" but "they will hope."
Ps 36:7 (35:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36:7: God's love extends to the animals for humanity's sake, and the future tense foretells the turning of humankind to God after the incarnation.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): Μέχρι γὰρ καὶ ὰ τῶν κτηνῶν → Μέχρι γὰρ καὶ τῶν κτηνῶν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.8 (PG 80 80:1123; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
35.9PG 80 80:1123
« Μεθυσθήσονται ἀπὸ τῆς πιότητος τοῦ οἴκου σου, καὶ χειμάῤῥους τῆς τρυφῆς σου ποτιεῖς αὐτούς. • Καταφεύξεται δὲ πρὸς σὲ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἡ φύσις, ἀναβλαστάνουσαν ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ σου τῶν ἀγαθῶν τὴν φορὰν θεωροῦσα. Αἰνίττεται δὲ διὰ τούτων, οὐ μόνον τῆς θείας διδασκαλίας τὰ νάματα, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς μυστικῆς τροφῆς τὴν ἀπόλαυσιν· χειμάῤῥῳ δὲ τῶν τοσούτων ἀγαθῶν τὴν χορηγίαν ἀπείκασε· πρῶτον μὲν διὰ τὸ μὴ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ταύτην τοῖς ἀνθρώποις δοθῆναι· ἔπειτα μέντοι καὶ προτρέπων πάντας ἀνθρώπους προσελθεῖν καὶ πιεῖν, ὡς τοῦ ποταμοῦ οὐκ ἀεννάου ὄντος, ἀλλὰ χειμάῤῥου, καὶ πρὸς καιρὸν φερομένου. Οἱ γὰρ κατὰ τὸν παρόντα καιρὸν μὴ προσιόντες, μετὰ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ἐκδημίαν τῶν ἱερῶν ναμάτων οὐκ ἀπολαύσονται. Καὶ δεικνὺς ὡς φύσει μὲν ἀένναός ἐστι τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἡ φορὰ, χειμάῤῥους δὲ πρὸς τὰς οἰκονομίας γίνεται, εἰς καιρὸν ἐπήγαγεν ·
« Methysthēsontai apo tēs piotētos tou oikou sou, kai cheimarrhous tēs tryphēs sou potieis autous. • Katapheuxetai de pros se tōn anthrōpōn hē physis, anablastanousan en tǭ oikǭ sou tōn agathōn tēn phoran theōrousa. Ainittetai de dia toutōn, ou monon tēs theias didaskalias ta namata, alla kai tēs mystikēs trophēs tēn apolausin; cheimarrhǭ de tōn tosoutōn agathōn tēn chorēgian apeikase; prōton men dia to mē ex archēs tautēn tois anthrōpois dothēnai; epeita mentoi kai protrepōn pantas anthrōpous proselthein kai piein, hōs tou potamou ouk aennaou ontos, alla cheimarrhou, kai pros kairon pheromenou. Hoi gar kata ton paronta kairon mē prosiontes, meta tēn enteuthen ekdēmian tōn hierōn namatōn ouk apolausontai. Kai deiknys hōs physei men aennaos esti tōn agathōn hē phora, cheimarrhous de pros tas oikonomias ginetai, eis kairon epēgagen ;
"They will be drunk with the fatness of your house, and you will give them to drink of the torrent of your delight." "Human nature will flee to you, seeing the abundance of good things springing up in your house." By these words he hints not only at the streams of divine teaching but also at the enjoyment of the mystical food. He likened the supply of such great good things to a torrent: first, because it was not given to human beings from the beginning; and then also to urge all people to come and drink, since the river is not ever-flowing but a torrent, running for a season. For those who do not come in the present time will not enjoy the sacred streams after their departure from here. And showing that the flow of good things is by nature ever-flowing, but becomes a torrent in view of the dispensations, he aptly added:
Ps 36:8 (35:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36:8: the torrent of delight is the teaching and the mystical food of the church, flowing only for a season, so that all must come now.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): χει μάῤῥῳ → χειμάῤῥῳ.
Topics: Eucharist
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.9 (PG 80 80:1123; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
35.10PG 80 80:1123
« Ὅτι παρὰ σοὶ πηγὴ ζωῆς. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ σαφῶς ἡμῖν ἀποκαλύπτει τὸ τῆς ἁγίας Τριάδος μυστήριον. Πηγὴν γὰρ ζωῆς τὸν μονογενῆ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγον ὠνόμασεν. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς ἑαυτὸν διὰ Ἱερεμίου τοῦ προφήτου καλεῖ· · Ἐμὲ ἐγκατέλιπον πηγὴν ὕδατος ζωῆς, καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν, καὶ ὥρυξαν ἑαυτοῖς λάκκους συντετριμμένους, οἱ οὐ δυνήσονται ὕδωρ συσχεῖν. » Λέγει τοίνυν τὴν πηγὴν ταύτην παρὰ τῷ Πατρὶ εἶναι, κατὰ τὴν εὐαγγελικὴν διδασκαλίαν τὴν λέγουσαν· « Ἐγὼ ἐν τῷ Πατρὶ, καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ ἐν ἐμοί. » - « Ἐν τῷ φωτί σου ὀψόμεθα φῶς., Ὑπὸ γὰρ τοῦ παναγίου Πνεύματος φωτιζόμενοι τὰς τοῦ Μονογενοῦς σου θεωροῦμεν ἀκτῖνας. « Οὐδεὶς γὰρ, – φησὶ, δύναται εἰπεῖν Κύριον Ἰησοῦν, εἰ μὴ ἐν Πνεύματι ἁγίῳ. » Καί· « Ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς ἀπεκάλυψε διὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος αὐτοῦ. » Μεμαθήκαμεν τοίνυν ἀκριβῶς διὰ τῶν προφητικῶν λόγων τὰς τρεῖς τῆς μιᾶς θεότητος ἰδιότητας.
« Hoti para soi pēgē zōēs. Entautha de saphōs hēmin apokalyptei to tēs hagias Triados mystērion. Pēgēn gar zōēs ton monogenē tou Theou Logon ōnomasen. Houtō gar kai autos heauton dia Hieremiou tou prophētou kalei; ; Eme enkatelipon pēgēn hydatos zōēs, kai eporeuthēsan, kai hōryxan heautois lakkous syntetrimmenous, hoi ou dynēsontai hydōr syschein. » Legei toinyn tēn pēgēn tautēn para tǭ Patri einai, kata tēn euangelikēn didaskalian tēn legousan; « Egō en tǭ Patri, kai ho Patēr en emoi. » - « En tǭ phōti sou opsometha phōs., Hypo gar tou panagiou Pneumatos phōtizomenoi tas tou Monogenous sou theōroumen aktinas. « Oudeis gar, – phēsi, dynatai eipein Kyrion Iēsoun, ei mē en Pneumati hagiǭ. » Kai; « Hēmin ho Theos apekalypse dia tou Pneumatos autou. » Memathēkamen toinyn akribōs dia tōn prophētikōn logōn tas treis tēs mias theotētos idiotētas.
"For with you is the spring of life." Here he clearly reveals to us the mystery of the Holy Trinity. For he named the only-begotten Word of God the spring of life. So too he calls himself through Jeremiah the prophet: "They forsook me, the spring of living water, and went and dug for themselves broken cisterns that cannot hold water." He says, then, that this spring is with the Father, according to the teaching of the Gospel that says, "I am in the Father, and the Father in me." "In your light we shall see light." "For enlightened by the all-holy Spirit we behold the rays of your Only-begotten." "For no one," it says, "can say Jesus is Lord except in the Holy Spirit"; and, "God revealed it to us through his Spirit." We have learned exactly, then, through the prophetic words the three properties of the one Godhead.
Ps 36:9 (35:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Jer 2:13 (quotation, high confidence) · John 14:10 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 12:3 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 2:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36:9: the spring of life with the Father is the Son, and the light in which we see light is the Spirit; the verse reveals the Trinity.
- Theodoret's Trinitarian exegesis is translated as written.
Topics: Trinity
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.10 (PG 80 80:1123; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-10
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
35.11PG 80 80:1125
« Παράτεινον τὸ ἔλεός σου τοῖς γινώσκουσί σε· καὶ τὴν δικαιοσύνην σου τοῖς εὐθέσι τῇ καρδίᾳ. » Τοιγάρτοι διηνεκῶς τῆς ἡμέρου σου καὶ δικαίας μετάδος κηδεμονίας, τῆς θεογνωσίας ἠξιωμένοις, καὶ ἀγαθὰ πράττειν προαιρουμένοις. ᾿Αμφότερα γὰρ περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν εἴρηκε, κατὰ τὸ οἰκεῖον ἰδίωμα τῇ διαιρέσει χρησάμενος. Οὐ γὰρ ἄλλους λέγει τοὺς εἰδότας αὐτὸν, ἄλλους δὲ τοὺς εὐθεῖς τῇ καρδίᾳ, οὐδὲ τοῖς μὲν τὸν ἔλεον, τοῖς δὲ τὴν δικαιοσύνην ἐξήτησεν · ἀλλὰ τὴν τελείαν ἀρετὴν ἐν ἀληθέσι δόγμασι καὶ πράγμασιν ἀγαθοῖς ὁρισάμενος, τοῖς ταύτην κεκτημένοις τὸν ἔλεον καὶ τὴν δικαιοσύνην ἐπήγγειλεν.
« Parateinon to eleos sou tois ginōskousi se; kai tēn dikaiosynēn sou tois euthesi tę̄ kardią. » Toigartoi diēnekōs tēs hēmerou sou kai dikaias metados kēdemonias, tēs theognōsias ēxiōmenois, kai agatha prattein proairoumenois. ᾿Amphotera gar peri tōn autōn eirēke, kata to oikeion idiōma tę̄ diairesei chrēsamenos. Ou gar allous legei tous eidotas auton, allous de tous eutheis tę̄ kardią, oude tois men ton eleon, tois de tēn dikaiosynēn exētēsen ; alla tēn teleian aretēn en alēthesi dogmasi kai pragmasin agathois horisamenos, tois tautēn kektēmenois ton eleon kai tēn dikaiosynēn epēngeilen.
"Extend your mercy to those who know you, and your righteousness to the upright in heart." "Therefore grant continually your gentle and just care to those counted worthy of the knowledge of God and who choose to do good." He said both of the same people, using the division by his own idiom. For he does not mean some who know him and others who are upright in heart, nor did he ask mercy for some and righteousness for others; but having defined perfect virtue as true doctrines and good deeds, he promised mercy and righteousness to those who possess it.
Ps 36:10 (35:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36:10: mercy and righteousness are asked for the same people, who join true doctrine with good deeds.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.11 (PG 80 80:1125; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
35.12PG 80 80:1125
« Μὴ ἐλθέτω μοι ποῦς ὑπερηφανίας, καὶ χεὶρ ἁμαρτωλοῦ μὴ σαλεύσῃ με. Ἐκεῖ ἔπεσον πάντες οἱ ἐργαζόμενοι τὴν ἀνομίαν· ἐξώσθησαν, καὶ οὐ μὴ δύνωνται στῆναι. » Τὸ « Ἐκεῖ ἔπεσον πάντες οἱ ἐργαζόμενοι τὴν ἀνομίαν, ὁ ὁ Σύμμαχος οὕτως ἡρμήνευσεν· "Ὅπου πίπτουσιν οἱ ἐργαζόμενοι τὴν ἀνομίαν, ὠθοῦνται καὶ οὐ δυνήσονται στῆναι. Αἰτεῖ δὲ ὁ προφήτης τῆς φύσεως τὰ μέτρα φυλάττειν, καὶ τῆς εὐθείας ὁδοῦ μὴ παρατραπῆναι ταῖς τῶν παρανόμων ἐπιβουλαῖς · ἅτε δὴ γινώσκων τῆς ἐναντίας ὁδοῦ τὸ τέλος. Οἱ γὰρ εἰς ἐκεῖνο, φησὶ, καταπίπτοντες, ἀναστῆναι λοιπὸν καὶ εἰς τὴν ἑτέραν δραμεῖν οὐ δυνήσονται. Τούτοις ἔοικε τὰ εἰρημένα ἐν τῷ ἔκτῳ ψαλμῷ· «Ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ ὁ μνημονεύων σου. ἐν δὲ τῷ ᾅδῃ τίς ἐξομολογήσεταί σοι;»
« Mē elthetō moi pous hyperēphanias, kai cheir hamartōlou mē saleusę̄ me. Ekei epeson pantes hoi ergazomenoi tēn anomian; exōsthēsan, kai ou mē dynōntai stēnai. » To « Ekei epeson pantes hoi ergazomenoi tēn anomian, ho ho Symmachos houtōs hērmēneusen; "Hopou piptousin hoi ergazomenoi tēn anomian, ōthountai kai ou dynēsontai stēnai. Aitei de ho prophētēs tēs physeōs ta metra phylattein, kai tēs eutheias hodou mē paratrapēnai tais tōn paranomōn epiboulais ; hate dē ginōskōn tēs enantias hodou to telos. Hoi gar eis ekeino, phēsi, katapiptontes, anastēnai loipon kai eis tēn heteran dramein ou dynēsontai. Toutois eoike ta eirēmena en tǭ ektǭ psalmǭ; «Hoti ouk estin en tǭ thanatǭ ho mnēmoneuōn sou. en de tǭ hądę̄ tis exomologēsetai soi?»
"Let not the foot of pride come against me, and let not the hand of the sinner shake me. There all who work iniquity fell; they were thrust out and will not be able to stand." "There all who work iniquity fell" Symmachus rendered thus: "Where those who work iniquity fall, they are thrust down and will not be able to stand." The prophet asks to keep the measures of his nature and not to be turned from the straight road by the plots of the lawless, since he knows the end of the opposite road. "For those who fall into it," he says, "will not be able afterwards to rise and run to the other." What was said in the sixth psalm resembles this: "For in death there is no one who remembers you; and in Hades who will confess you?"
Ps 36:11 (35:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 36:12 (35:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 6:5 (6:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 36:11–12: David asks not to be turned aside by the proud, for those who fall on the road of iniquity cannot rise again.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 35.12 (PG 80 80:1125; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/35-12
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos-35-12) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.