Genesis 31 in the early church

103 passages quote, allude to, or echo Genesis 31, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 5 · 7 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 23 · 24 · 27 · 29 · 30 · 32 · 33 · 34 · 35 · 36 · 38 · 40 · 41 · 42 · 44 · 45 · 46 · 47 · 48 · 52 · 53 · 54 · 55

Genesis 31:1

Now Jacob heard that Laban’s sons were saying, “Jacob has taken away all that belonged to our father and built all this wealth at our father’s expense.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:1On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.20 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 31:1Homilies on Matthew 40.2 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
Gen 31:1On Fleeing the World 26 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 387-391
Gen 31:1–21Genesis, lines 973–997 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.

Genesis 31:2

And Jacob saw from the countenance of Laban that his attitude toward him had changed.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:2Defence before Constantius 12 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 353–357

Genesis 31:3

Then the LORD said to Jacob, “Go back to the land of your fathers and to your kindred, and I will be with you.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:3Fragments on Genesis, column 125 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:3Prophetic Extracts 1.7 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Gen 31:3On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.20 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 31:3On Fleeing the World 26 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-391

Genesis 31:5

and he told them, “I can see from your father’s countenance that his attitude toward me has changed; but the God of my father has been with me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:5Life of Antony 67 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 357–360

Genesis 31:7

And although he has cheated me and changed my wages ten times, God has not allowed him to harm me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:7Fragments on Genesis, column 125 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:7Oration III Against the Arians 12 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346

Genesis 31:10

When the flocks were breeding, I saw in a dream that the streaked, spotted, and speckled males were mating with the females.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:10Dialogue with Trypho 58.4 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Gen 31:10–13Letter to Africanus 12 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 240–245

Genesis 31:11

In that dream the angel of God said to me, ‘Jacob!’ And I replied, ‘Here I am.’

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:11Dialogue with Trypho 58.4 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Gen 31:11Dialogue with Trypho 58.5 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Gen 31:11On the Trinity 19 · Novatianquotation, high confidenceca. 240–250
Gen 31:11–13To Quirinus 2.5 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
Gen 31:11–13Letter of the six bishops to Paul 4 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 264–269
Gen 31:11Prophetic Extracts 1.7 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Gen 31:11Demonstration of the Gospel 1.5.15 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Gen 31:11–13Demonstration of the Gospel 5.10.4 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Gen 31:11–13Demonstration of the Gospel 5.10.6 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Gen 31:11On the Orthodox Faith against the Arians 8 · Gregory of Elviraallusion, medium confidenceca. 360-392
Gen 31:11Against Eunomius 2.18 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 364

Genesis 31:12

‘Look up,’ he said, ‘and see that all the males that are mating with the flock are streaked, spotted, or speckled; for I have seen all that Laban has done to you.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:12Dialogue with Trypho 58.5 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Gen 31:12On the Trinity 19 · Novatianquotation, high confidenceca. 240–250
Gen 31:12–13Demonstration of the Gospel 1.5.16 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324

Genesis 31:13

I am the God of Bethel, where you anointed the pillar and made a solemn vow to Me. Now get up, leave this land at once, and return to your native land.’”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:13Dialogue with Trypho 58.5 · Justin Martyrquotation, high confidenceca. 155–160
Gen 31:13Dialogue with Trypho 86.2 · Justin Martyrallusion, high confidenceca. 155–160
Gen 31:13On the Trinity 19 · Novatianquotation, high confidenceca. 240–250
Gen 31:13Prophetic Extracts 1.7 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidencebefore 325 (probably ca. 310–320)
Gen 31:13Against Eunomius 2.18 · Basil of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 364

Genesis 31:19

Now while Laban was out shearing his sheep, Rachel stole her father’s household idols.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:19Dialogue with Trypho 134.5 · Justin Martyrallusion, high confidenceca. 155–160
Gen 31:19Oration 45.20 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Gen 31:19Pilgrimage (Itinerarium) 21.4 · Egeriaallusion, high confidenceca. 381-395

Genesis 31:20

Moreover, Jacob deceived Laban the Aramean by not telling him that he was running away.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:20Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 42 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)

Genesis 31:21

So he fled with all his possessions, crossed the Euphrates, and headed for the hill country of Gilead.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:21–55Genesis, lines 998–1023 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.

Genesis 31:23

So he took his relatives with him, pursued Jacob for seven days, and overtook him in the hill country of Gilead.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:23Commentary on Jeremiah 4.36 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 414-419

Genesis 31:24

But that night God came to Laban the Aramean in a dream and warned him, “Be careful not to say anything to Jacob, either good or bad.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:24Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 42 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
Gen 31:24Oration III Against the Arians 12 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 339–346
Gen 31:24Defence of His Flight 20 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, high confidenceca. 357
Gen 31:24Sermon 12.4 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 391-430

Genesis 31:27

Why did you run away secretly and deceive me, without even telling me? I would have sent you away with joy and singing, with tambourines and harps.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:27Commentary on Matthew 14.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248

Genesis 31:29

I have power to do you great harm, but last night the God of your father said to me, ‘Be careful not to say anything to Jacob, either good or bad.’

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:29Homilies on Matthew 42.2 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390
Gen 31:29Homilies on Matthew 50.1 · John Chrysostomallusion, high confidenceca. 390

Genesis 31:30

Now you have gone off because you long for your father’s house. But why have you stolen my gods?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:30Commentary on Romans 5:14 · Ambrosiasterallusion, medium confidenceca. 366–384

Genesis 31:32

If you find your gods with anyone here, he shall not live! In the presence of our relatives, see for yourself if anything is yours, and take it back.” For Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen the idols.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:32Homily on Luke 23 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–250
Gen 31:32Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 42 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
Gen 31:32Commentary on Romans 5:13 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 366–384
Gen 31:32On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.21 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 31:32On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.24 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 31:32On the Duties of the Clergy 1.49 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 386–390
Gen 31:32Explanation of Twelve Psalms 38.27.2 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-397

Genesis 31:33

So Laban went into Jacob’s tent, then Leah’s tent, and then the tents of the two maidservants, but he found nothing. Then he left Leah’s tent and entered Rachel’s tent.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:33Homily on Luke 23 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 233–250
Gen 31:33On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.21 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 31:33On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.24 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 31:33On Fleeing the World 22 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-391

Genesis 31:34

Now Rachel had taken Laban’s household idols, put them in the saddlebag of her camel, and was sitting on them. And Laban searched everything in the tent but found nothing.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:34Dialogue with Trypho 134.5 · Justin Martyrallusion, high confidenceca. 155–160
Gen 31:34Arabic Pentateuch fragment XXVI (on Deut 27) · Hippolytus of Romeallusion, high confidenceunknown (transmitted in a medieval Arabic catena)
Gen 31:34Oration 45.20 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383
Gen 31:34Homilies 12.12 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 363-378
Gen 31:34On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.25 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 31:34On the Duties of the Clergy 1.49 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386–390
Gen 31:34On Fleeing the World 27 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-391

Genesis 31:35

Rachel said to her father, “Sir, do not be angry that I cannot stand up before you; for I am having my period.” So Laban searched but could not find the household idols.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:35Fragments on Genesis, column 125 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:35On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.25 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 31:35On Fleeing the World 22 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-391
Gen 31:35Explanation of Twelve Psalms 38.27.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-397

Genesis 31:36

Then Jacob became incensed and challenged Laban. “What is my crime?” he said. “For what sin of mine have you so hotly pursued me?

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:36–37Against Helvidius 16 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 383

Genesis 31:38

I have been with you for twenty years now. Your sheep and goats have not miscarried, nor have I eaten the rams of your flock.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:38Fragments on Genesis, column 125 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:38Homilies 23.2 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 363-378

Genesis 31:40

As it was, the heat consumed me by day and the frost by night, and sleep fled from my eyes.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:40Fragments on the Song of Songs, chapter 2 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:40Fragments on Job, column 65 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:40Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.73 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410)
Gen 31:40Tractates on the Psalms 120.13 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, high confidenceca. 360–367
Gen 31:40Tractates on the Psalms 138.4 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
Gen 31:40Oration 26.3 · Gregory of Nazianzusquotation, high confidenceca. 362–383
Gen 31:40Letter 22.40 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Gen 31:40On the Duties of the Clergy 1.24 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 386–390
Gen 31:40On the Duties of the Clergy 2.5 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 386–390

Genesis 31:41

Thus for twenty years I have served in your household—fourteen years for your two daughters and six years for your flocks—and you have changed my wages ten times!

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:41Against Heresies 5.33.3 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, high confidenceca. 180–190
Gen 31:41Fragments on Genesis, column 125 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:41Fragments on Job, column 65 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:41Preparation for the Gospel 9.21.6 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 313–324
Gen 31:41Treatise on the Mysteries 1.23.3 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–366
Gen 31:41Letter 22.32 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Gen 31:41Letter 123.14 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Gen 31:41Against Jovinianus 1.22 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidence393
Gen 31:41Tractates 0 · Gaudentius of Bresciaallusion, low confidenceca. 397-410
Gen 31:41Retractations 2.55 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence426-427

Genesis 31:42

If the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the Fear of Isaac, had not been with me, surely by now you would have sent me away empty-handed. But God has seen my affliction and the toil of my hands, and last night He rendered judgment.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:42On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.22 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390

Genesis 31:44

Come now, let us make a covenant, you and I, and let it serve as a witness between you and me.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:44Fragments on Genesis, column 125 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 220-254

Genesis 31:45

So Jacob picked out a stone and set it up as a pillar,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:45–55Against Jovinianus 1.19 · Jeromeallusion, high confidence393

Genesis 31:46

and he said to his relatives, “Gather some stones.” So they took stones and made a mound, and there by the mound they ate.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:46Fragments on Genesis, column 125 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 31:46–48Commentary on Jeremiah 4.36 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 414-419

Genesis 31:47

Laban called it Jegar-sahadutha, and Jacob called it Galeed.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:47On the Holy Spirit 13.30 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 374–375

Genesis 31:48

Then Laban declared, “This mound is a witness between you and me this day.” Therefore the place was called Galeed.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:48Tractates on the Psalms 118.1.7 · Hilary of Poitiersquotation, medium confidenceca. 360–367

Genesis 31:52

This mound is a witness, and this pillar is a witness, that I will not go past this mound to harm you, and you will not go past this mound and pillar to harm me.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:52Tractates on the Psalms 118.1.7 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, medium confidenceca. 360–367

Genesis 31:53

May the God of Abraham and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, judge between us.” So Jacob swore by the Fear of his father Isaac.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:53Letter 46.1 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Gen 31:53Letter 47.2 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 386–430

Genesis 31:54

Then Jacob offered a sacrifice on the mountain and invited his relatives to eat a meal. And after they had eaten, they spent the night on the mountain.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:54Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 30.18.7 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, medium confidence374-377

Genesis 31:55

Early the next morning, Laban got up and kissed his grandchildren and daughters and blessed them. Then he left to return home.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 31:55Fragments on Genesis, column 127 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254