Cure of Greek Maladies 7.1–8.11
Greek text: Raeder.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 7
7.1Raeder, 180
.-Φιλοπαίγμονες ὡς ἐπίπαν καὶ φιλογέλωτες τῶν ἀνθρώπῶν οἱ πλεῖστοι᾽ καὶ θυμήρης αὐτοῖς οὐχ ὁ σπουδαῖος καὶ ξύντονος, ἀλλ᾽ ὃ᾽ ὑγρὸς καὶ ἀνειμένος βίος. ὅθεν δὴ καὶ ῥᾷστα κεκράτηκεν αὐτῶν ὃ παμπόνηρος δαίμων. οὐ γάρ τοι τὴν ὄρθιον ἐκείνην καὶ στενὴν καὶ τραχεῖαν καὶ δύσπορον καὶ προσάντη βαίνειν ἐκέλευσεν, ἀλλὰ τὴν πρανῇ καὶ κατάντη καὶ λείαν καὶ εὔπορον.
.-Philopaigmones hōs epipan kai philogelōtes tōn anthrōpōn hoi pleistoi᾽ kai thymērēs autois ouch ho spoudaios kai xyntonos, all᾽ ho᾽ hygros kai aneimenos bios. hothen dē kai rhąsta kekratēken autōn ho pamponēros daimōn. ou gar toi tēn orthion ekeinēn kai stenēn kai tracheian kai dysporon kai prosantē bainein ekeleusen, alla tēn pranę̄ kai katantē kai leian kai euporon.
Most human beings are, on the whole, fond of play and laughter; what delights them is not the serious and strenuous life but the soft and relaxed one. That is why the utterly wicked demon has very easily mastered them. For he did not bid them walk that steep, narrow, rough, hard, uphill road, but the one that slopes down, smooth and easy.
Matt 7:13–14 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Most people love ease, so the devil leads them down the easy road.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.1 (Raeder, 180; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.2Raeder, 181
οὐδὲ γὰρ σωφροσύνης αὖτοὺς καὶ δικαιοσύνης ἐπιμελεῖσθαι προσέταξεν, ἀλλ᾽ ἀκολασταίνειν αὐτοὺς ἀδεῶς καὶ ἀσελγαίνειν καὶ πᾶσαν. τολμᾶν ἀνέδην παρανομίαν ἐπέτρεψεν. τῷ τοι καὶ μάλα ῥαδίως τοὺς πλείστους ἐξηνδραπόδισεν. τό τε γὰρ ἐπίπονον τῆς ἀρετῆς. ἀποφυγγάνοντες καὶ ἐῶν θείων νόμων τοὺς ἴδρῶτας. διαδιδράσκοντες, ηὐτομόλησαν εὐπετῶς πρὸς τὸν τὰ ῥᾷστα κἀὶ θυμήφη νομοθετοῦντα.
oude gar sōphrosynēs autous kai dikaiosynēs epimeleisthai prosetaxen, all᾽ akolastainein autous adeōs kai aselgainein kai pasan. tolman anedēn paranomian epetrepsen. tǭ toi kai mala rhadiōs tous pleistous exēndrapodisen. to te gar epiponon tēs aretēs. apophynganontes kai eōn theiōn nomōn tous idrōtas. diadidraskontes, ēutomolēsan eupetōs pros ton ta rhąsta kai thymēphē nomothetounta.
He did not order them to care for self-control and justice, but allowed them to be licentious without fear, to behave wantonly, and to dare every lawlessness openly. That is why he very easily enslaved most of them. For fleeing the toil of virtue and running from the sweat of the divine laws, they easily deserted to the one who legislated what is easiest and most pleasant.
Notes and citation
Summary: The devil enslaved people by permitting vice.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.2 (Raeder, 181; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.3Raeder, 181
τόνδε δὴ οὖν τὸν τρόπον αὐτοὺς δουλωσάμενος, πρῶτον. μὲν τὰξ περὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων, ἃς ἡ φύσις αὐτοῖς ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐνέγραψεν, ἐξήλευψε δόξας᾽ ἔπειτα δὲ τὰ πονηρὰ τῶν ψευδωνύμων θεῶν ἐξεπαίδευσε δόγματα καὶ τὸν πολὺν τῶν οὐκ ὄντων ὅμιλον. ἀντὶ τοῦ ὄντος ἐδίδαξε προσχυνεῖν, ταύτην ὑποβάθραν καὶ κρηπῖδα τῆς διεφθαρμένης προκαταβαλλόμενος βιοτῆς.
tonde dē oun ton tropon autous doulōsamenos, prōton. men tax peri tou Theou tōn holōn, has hē physis autois ex archēs enegrapsen, exēleupse doxas᾽ epeita de ta ponēra tōn pseudōnymōn theōn exepaideuse dogmata kai ton polyn tōn ouk ontōn homilon. anti tou ontos edidaxe proschynein, tautēn hypobathran kai krēpida tēs diephtharmenēs prokataballomenos biotēs.
Having enslaved them in this way, he first erased the opinions about the God of the universe that nature had written in them from the beginning; then he taught the wicked doctrines of the falsely named gods and taught them to worship the great crowd of things that are not instead of the One who is, laying this down as the foundation and base of a corrupt life.
Notes and citation
Summary: The devil replaced knowledge of God with false gods as a basis for corrupt living.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.3 (Raeder, 181; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.4Raeder, 181
ἐπειδὴ γὰρ πλημμελοῦντες οἱ ἄνθρωποι ᾿δάκνονται | (κεντεῖ γὰρ αὐτοὺς ὁ λογισμὸς ἔνδοθεν καὶ οὐκ ἐᾷ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἀκραιφνῆ μεῖναι τὴν ἡδονήν, ἀλλ᾽ ὀδύνῃ ταύτην πικροτάτῃ περάννυσι" καὶ τοῦτο ἴδοι τις ἂν πάσχοντα καὶ τὸν νεκροσυλίαν καὶ τὸν μοιχείαν τολμῶντα, καὶ μέντοι καὶ τοιχωρύχον καὶ λωπο-. δύτην καὶ τὸν προδότην καὶ τὸν ἄλλο τι τῶν ἀπειρημένων ὁρῶντα), --- τοιόνδε φάρμακον. αὐτοῖς ἀναλγησίας ὃ τῆς κακίας ἐμηχανήσατο σοφιστής.
epeidē gar plēmmelountes hoi anthrōpoi ᾿daknontai | (kentei gar autous ho logismos endothen kai ouk eą tēs hamartias akraiphnē meinai tēn hēdonēn, all᾽ odynę̄ tautēn pikrotatę̄ perannysi" kai touto idoi tis an paschonta kai ton nekrosylian kai ton moicheian tolmōnta, kai mentoi kai toichōrychon kai lōpo-. dytēn kai ton prodotēn kai ton allo ti tōn apeirēmenōn horōnta), --- toionde pharmakon. autois analgēsias ho tēs kakias emēchanēsato sophistēs.
For since human beings who do wrong are stung (for reason pricks them within and does not let the pleasure of sin remain pure, but mixes it with most bitter pain; one can see this happen to the grave-robber and the one who dares adultery, and also to the burglar, the clothes-thief, the traitor, and whoever does any other forbidden thing), the sophist of vice devised for them a remedy of insensibility, as follows.
Notes and citation
Summary: To dull conscience, the devil devised a remedy.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.4 (Raeder, 181; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.5Raeder, 181
περὶ γὰρ δὴ τῶν.«καλουμέγῶν θεῶν πονηρὰς αὐτοὺς ἐξεπαίδευσε δόξας" ἀκολάστους γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἀπέφηνε καὶ λαγνιστάτους καὶ παιδοπίπας καὶ γάμων ἐπιβούλους καὶ πατραλοίας καὶ: μητραλοίας καὶ μητράσι καὶ ἀδελφαῖς, καὶ μέντοι καὶ θυγατράσιν ἀνέδην μιγνυ-. μένους καὶ τὰς εὐνὰς τὰς ἀλλήλων. λῃστεύοντας καὶ ἁλισκοβένους, καὶ παρὰ μὲν τῶν ἠδικημένων δεσμουμένους, παρὰ δὲ τῶν ἄλλων ἀνέδην γελωμένους, καὶ ταῦτα παρὰ μὲν τῶν οὐρανίων, ὡς αὐτοὶ λέγουσιν, ἐν οὐρανῷ τολμᾶσθαι καὶ γῇ, παρὰ δὲ τῶν ἐναλίων ἐν θαλάντῃ καὶ γῇ, παρὰ δὲ τῶν καλουμένων νυμφῶν ἐν ὄρεσι καὶ νάπαις καὶ φάραγξιν.
peri gar dē tōn.«kaloumegōn theōn ponēras autous exepaideuse doxas" akolastous gar autous apephēne kai lagnistatous kai paidopipas kai gamōn epiboulous kai patraloias kai: mētraloias kai mētrasi kai adelphais, kai mentoi kai thygatrasin anedēn migny-. menous kai tas eunas tas allēlōn. lę̄steuontas kai haliskobenous, kai para men tōn ēdikēmenōn desmoumenous, para de tōn allōn anedēn gelōmenous, kai tauta para men tōn ouraniōn, hōs autoi legousin, en ouranǭ tolmasthai kai gę̄, para de tōn enaliōn en thalantę̄ kai gę̄, para de tōn kaloumenōn nymphōn en oresi kai napais kai pharanxin.
He taught them wicked opinions about the so-called gods: he showed them licentious, most lustful, corrupters of boys, plotters against marriages, beaters of fathers and mothers, lying openly with mothers, sisters, and even daughters, robbing one another's beds and getting caught, bound by those they wronged and openly laughed at by the others; and that these things were dared by the heavenly ones, as they say, in heaven and on earth, by the sea gods in the sea and on earth, and by the so-called nymphs in mountains, glens, and ravines.
Notes and citation
Summary: The devil taught that the gods themselves were vicious.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.5 (Raeder, 181; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.6Raeder, 182
τούτους δὲ τοὺς αἰσχρότάτους καὶ βδελυρωτάτους μύθους οὐ μόνον ποιηταῖς, ἀλλὰ καὶ θεολόγοις. καὶ φιλοσόφοις ἐνήχησε, ποικίλως μάλα κατασκευάζων τὸν '“πλάνον καὶ πλείοσι τῆς ἐξαπάτης χρώμενος διδασκάλοις. ἐπειδὴ δὲ οὐχ ἅπαντές εἰσι γραμμάτων ἐπιστήμονες οὐδέ γε πονητικῶν καὶ φιλοσόφων λόγων μεταλαχεῖν ἱκανοί, ἕτερα ἄττα τοῖς ταῦτα μαθεῖν οὐ δυναμένοις κατεσκεύασε θήρατρα.
toutous de tous aischrotatous kai bdelyrōtatous mythous ou monon poiētais, alla kai theologois. kai philosophois enēchēse, poikilōs mala kataskeuazōn ton '“planon kai pleiosi tēs exapatēs chrōmenos didaskalois. epeidē de ouch hapantes eisi grammatōn epistēmones oude ge ponētikōn kai philosophōn logōn metalachein hikanoi, hetera atta tois tauta mathein ou dynamenois kateskeuase thēratra.
These most shameful and loathsome myths he sounded into the ears not only of poets but also of theologians and philosophers, contriving the error very variously and using many teachers of deception. And since not all know letters or are able to share in poetical and philosophical writings, he prepared other snares for those who cannot learn these.
Notes and citation
Summary: The devil spread these myths through writers and other means.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.6 (Raeder, 182; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.7Raeder, 182
τοὺς γάρ τοι ξωγράφους καὶ χαλποτύπους καὶ τοὺς τῶν λιθίνων καὶ ξυλίνων ἀγαλμάτων δημιουργοὺς τοιαύτας τῶν καλουμένων θεῶν γράφειν καὶ γλύφειν καὶ διαπλάττειν εἰκόνας ἐδίδαξεν, ὁποίας οἵ μυθολόγοι τοῖς λόγοις διέγραψαν, ἵνα ἔχωσιν ἀκολασίας ἀρχέτυπα καὶ τῆς ἐπαράτου διδασκαλίας μὴ διαμάρτωσιν οἱ λόγων μεταλαχεῖν οὐ δυνάμενοι᾽ καὶ τῶνδε τῶν ἰνδαλμάτων οὐ μόνον τὰ τούτων τεμένη πεπλήρωκεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς ἀγορὰς καὶ τὰς ἀγυιάς, καὶ μέντοι καὶ τῶν εὐπόρῶ
tous gar toi xōgraphous kai chalpotypous kai tous tōn lithinōn kai xylinōn agalmatōn dēmiourgous toiautas tōn kaloumenōn theōn graphein kai glyphein kai diaplattein eikonas edidaxen, hopoias hoi mythologoi tois logois diegrapsan, hina echōsin akolasias archetypa kai tēs eparatou didaskalias mē diamartōsin hoi logōn metalachein ou dynamenoi᾽ kai tōnde tōn indalmatōn ou monon ta toutōn temenē peplērōken, alla kai tas agoras kai tas aguias, kai mentoi kai tōn euporō
He taught painters, bronze-workers, and makers of stone and wooden statues to paint, carve, and mold images of the so-called gods such as the mythmakers drew in words, so that those unable to share in words might have models of licentiousness and not miss the accursed teaching; and he filled with these images not only their precincts but also the marketplaces and streets, and also the houses of the wealthy.
Notes and citation
Summary: Images spread the myths to the unlettered.
- The last word is split between 7.7 and 7.8.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.7 (Raeder, 182; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.8Raeder, 182
ν τὰς οἰκίας, πανταχῇ γὰρ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν τοὺς χαλουμένους θεοὺς ἐρῶντας καὶ λυττῶντας καὶ θορνυμένους, καὶ τὸν μὲν πατέρα τῶν θεῶν ἀετῷ καὶ ταύρῳ καὶ κύκνῳ προσεικασμένον καὶ τόνδε τὸν τρόπον ταῖς ἐρωμέναις μιγνύμενον, τὸν δὲ λόγιον Ἑρμῆν τράγον γινόμενον καὶ τὸν τραγοσχελῆ καὶ αἰγόκερων Πάνα παιδοποιοῦντα.
n tas oikias, pantachę̄ gar estin heurein tous chaloumenous theous erōntas kai lyttōntas kai thornymenous, kai ton men patera tōn theōn aetǭ kai taurǭ kai kyknǭ proseikasmenon kai tonde ton tropon tais erōmenais mignymenon, ton de logion Hermēn tragon ginomenon kai ton tragoschelē kai aigokerōn Pana paidopoiounta.
For everywhere one can find the so-called gods in love, raging, and mounting: the father of the gods likened to an eagle, a bull, and a swan and in this way lying with his beloveds; the eloquent Hermes becoming a goat; and goat-legged, goat-horned Pan begetting children.
Notes and citation
Summary: Images show the gods in animal forms pursuing lusts.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.8 (Raeder, 182; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.9Raeder, 182
καὶ τί δεῖ λέγειν τοῦ Πυθίου τὸν ἔρωτα καὶ τῆς παρθένου τὴν σωφροσύνην καὶ τὴν τοῦ φυτοῦ λυσσώδη περιπλοκὴν καὶ τὴν τῆς Κόρης ὑπὸ τοῦ Πλούτωνος ἁρπαγὴν καὶ τῆς Δηοῦς τὸν πλάνον; ταῦτα γὰρ ἅπαντα καὶ ποιηταὶ μυθολογοῦσι καὶ θεολύγοι πρατύνουσι καὶ φιλόσοφοι σεμνολογοῦσι καὶ σεμνότήτα μὲν αὐτοῖς τινα περιτιθέναι φιλονεικοῦσι, παταγελαστοτέραν δὲ τῶν μύθων ἀλληγορίαν προσφέρουσιν.
kai ti dei legein tou Pythiou ton erōta kai tēs parthenou tēn sōphrosynēn kai tēn tou phytou lyssōdē periplokēn kai tēn tēs Korēs hypo tou Ploutōnos harpagēn kai tēs Dēous ton planon? tauta gar hapanta kai poiētai mythologousi kai theolygoi pratynousi kai philosophoi semnologousi kai semnotēta men autois tina peritithenai philoneikousi, patagelastoteran de tōn mythōn allēgorian prospherousin.
And why need I speak of the Pythian's love, the maiden's chastity, the frenzied embrace of the plant, the rape of Kore by Pluto, and the wandering of Deo? Poets tell all these myths, theologians confirm them, philosophers speak of them solemnly and strive to give them some dignity, but offer an allegory more laughable than the myths.
Notes and citation
Summary: Myths of Apollo, Daphne, and Persephone are told by poets and allegorized by philosophers.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.9 (Raeder, 182; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.10Raeder, 183
τούτοις καὶ ξορτὰς καὶ πανηγύρεις καὶ δημοθοινίας ἐπιτελεῖν ὁ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀλάστωρ ἐνομοθέτησε" ᾿Πάνδια μὲν τῷ 4Διΐ. καὶ 4ιάσια; καὶ “Ἥραια τῇ Ἥρα, καὶ τῇ ᾿4θηνῇ Παναθήναια, καὶ Διονύσῳ Διονύσια, καὶ ᾿Ελευσίνια καὶ θεσμοφύφια τῇ Δηοῖ, καὶ Δήλια καὶ Πύθια τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι' καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις δὲ ὅπασι (πολὺς γὰρ ὃ τούτων ὅμιλος) ἀπεκλήρωσε πανή-: γύρεις, ἑκάστῳ τῶν δαιμόνων ἔπ τῆς προσηγορίας ὀνομάσας τὴν ξορτήν, Ἕρμαια καὶ Κρόνια καὶ Ποσειδώνια καὶ Ἡράπλειὰ καὶ Ἀσκλήπια καὶ Ἀνάκεια. οὐ γάρ τοι μόνον τοῖς καλουμένοις θεοῖς, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀνθρώποις τόδε τὸ σέβας ἀπέγείμαν.
toutois kai xortas kai panēgyreis kai dēmothoinias epitelein ho tōn anthrōpōn alastōr enomothetēse" ᾿Pandia men tǭ 4Diï. kai 4iasia? kai “Hēraia tę̄ Hēra, kai tę̄ ᾿4thēnę̄ Panathēnaia, kai Dionysǭ Dionysia, kai ᾿Eleusinia kai thesmophyphia tę̄ Dēoi, kai Dēlia kai Pythia tǭ Apollōni' kai tois allois de hopasi (polys gar ho toutōn homilos) apeklērōse panē-: gyreis, hekastǭ tōn daimonōn ep tēs prosēgorias onomasas tēn xortēn, Hermaia kai Kronia kai Poseidōnia kai Hērapleia kai Asklēpia kai Anakeia. ou gar toi monon tois kaloumenois theois, alla kai anthrōpois tode to sebas apegeiman.
For these the avenging demon of humankind legislated feasts, festivals, and public banquets: the Pandia and Diasia for Zeus, the Heraea for Hera, the Panathenaea for Athena, the Dionysia for Dionysus, the Eleusinia and Thesmophoria for Deo, the Delia and Pythia for Apollo; and to all the others (for their crowd is great) he allotted festivals, naming each feast from the name of each demon: Hermaea, Cronia, Posidonia, Heraclea, Asclepia, and Anaceia. For they gave this worship not only to the so-called gods but also to human beings.
Notes and citation
Summary: The demon instituted festivals for every god.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.10 (Raeder, 183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-10
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.11Raeder, 183
ἐν δὲ ταύταις ταῖς ὁμηγύρεσι πᾶν εἶδος ἀκολασίας ἀδεῶς ἐτολμᾶτο. καὶ γὰρ αἵ τελεταὶ καὶ τὰ ὄργια τὰ τούτῶν εἶχεν αἰνίγματα, τὸν «τένα μὲν ἡ ᾿Ελευσίς, ἡ Φαλλαγωγία δὲ τὸν φαλλόν. ἀτὰρ δὴ καὶ δίχα τῶν αἰνιγμάτων τὰ παρὰ τῶν ὀργιαστῶν δρώμενα εἰς πᾶν εἶδος ἀσελγείας τοὺς ὁρῶντας ἠρέθιξεν.
en de tautais tais homēgyresi pan eidos akolasias adeōs etolmato. kai gar hai teletai kai ta orgia ta toutōn eichen ainigmata, ton «tena men hē ᾿Eleusis, hē Phallagōgia de ton phallon. atar dē kai dicha tōn ainigmatōn ta para tōn orgiastōn drōmena eis pan eidos aselgeias tous horōntas ērethixen.
In these assemblies every form of licentiousness was dared without fear. For the rites and mysteries contained the symbols of these things: Eleusis the kteis, the phallagogia the phallus. And even apart from the symbols, what the celebrants did roused the spectators to every form of wantonness.
Notes and citation
Summary: The festivals encouraged every licentiousness.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.11 (Raeder, 183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.12Raeder, 183
τίς γὰρ τῶν ἄγαν λαγνιστάτων ἔνδον ἐν τῷ θαλάμῳ τετόλμηκε τοιαῦτα, ὁποῖα τῶν Σατύρῶν ὁ χορὸς ἠσέλγησε δημοσίᾳ πομπεύων, ἔχων ἐν μέσῳ τὸν Σιληνὸν καὶ τὸν Πάνα, τὸν μὲν ἐπιλυττῶντα ταῖς Βάκχαις, τὸν δὲ λελυμένον ὑπὸ τῆς μέθης, τὸν τοῦ θηλυδρίου παιδὸς παιδαγωγὸν καλούμενον;
tis gar tōn agan lagnistatōn endon en tǭ thalamǭ tetolmēke toiauta, hopoia tōn Satyrōn ho choros ēselgēse dēmosią pompeuōn, echōn en mesǭ ton Silēnon kai ton Pana, ton men epilyttōnta tais Bakchais, ton de lelymenon hypo tēs methēs, ton tou thēlydriou paidos paidagōgon kaloumenon?
For which of the most lustful has dared inside his bedchamber such things as the chorus of Satyrs committed wantonly in public procession, having in the middle Silenus and Pan, the one raging after the Bacchants, the other undone by drink, called the tutor of the effeminate boy?
Notes and citation
Summary: The processions were more shameless than private vice.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.12 (Raeder, 183; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.13Raeder, 184
τούτοις ἑκατόμβας καὶ χιλιόμβας κατέθυον καὶ ποίμνια κατέσφαζον καὶ βουκόλια κἀὶ λιβανωτὸν προσέφερον καὶ οἶνον ἔσπενδον ὅτι μάλιστα πλεῖστον καὶ ἕτερα ἄττα, ἅπερ οἵ τούτων ἱεροφάνται προσἔταττον.
toutois hekatombas kai chiliombas katethyon kai poimnia katesphazon kai boukolia kai libanōton prosepheron kai oinon espendon hoti malista pleiston kai hetera atta, haper hoi toutōn hierophantai prosetatton.
To these they sacrificed hecatombs and chiliombs, slaughtered flocks and herds, offered frankincense, poured very much wine, and other things that their hierophants commanded.
Notes and citation
Summary: Great sacrifices were offered to these gods.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.13 (Raeder, 184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-13
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.14Raeder, 184
σφόδρα γὰρ αὐτοὺς χαίρειν οἱ ποιηταί φασι τῇ λοιβῇ καὶ τῇ κνίσῃ καὶ τοῦτὸ ἔχειν γέρας αὐτοὺς εἰρηκέναι λέγουσι" διά τοῦ τοῦτο καὶ πρὸς τὰς τῶν «Αἰθιόπων θυσίας ἀποδημεῖν καὶ τὸν “Ἕκτορα πάσης ἀξιοῦν τημελείας, ὅτι δὴ οὔποτε αὐτῶν τὸν βωμὸν ἐνδεᾶ θυσίας κατέλιπεν. καὶ ὁ Χρύσης δὲ τὸν ᾿ἀπόλλω οὐ δικαιοσύνης καὶ σωφροσύνης, ἀλλὰ τῶν πιόνων ἀναμιμνήσκει μηρῶν καὶ τῶν αἰγῶν καὶ τῶν ταύρων καὶ τῶν στεμμάτων, οἷς που τὸν νεὼν κατεκόσμησεν.
sphodra gar autous chairein hoi poiētai phasi tę̄ loibę̄ kai tę̄ knisę̄ kai touto echein geras autous eirēkenai legousi" dia tou touto kai pros tas tōn «Aithiopōn thysias apodēmein kai ton “Hektora pasēs axioun tēmeleias, hoti dē oupote autōn ton bōmon endea thysias katelipen. kai ho Chrysēs de ton ᾿apollō ou dikaiosynēs kai sōphrosynēs, alla tōn pionōn anamimnēskei mērōn kai tōn aigōn kai tōn taurōn kai tōn stemmatōn, hois pou ton neōn katekosmēsen.
For the poets say that they greatly rejoice in libation and savor, and report them saying that this is their honor; that is why they travel even to the sacrifices of the Ethiopians and think Hector worthy of every care, because he never left their altar lacking sacrifice. And Chryses reminds Apollo not of justice and self-control but of fat thighs, goats, bulls, and the garlands with which he decked his temple.
Notes and citation
Summary: Homer's gods delight in sacrifice, not virtue.
- Homer, Iliad 4.48–49; Odyssey 1.22–25; Iliad 24.68–70; 1.39–41.
Extrabiblical texts: Homer, Il. 1.39–41 (Homer, Iliad; allusion); Homer, Il. 24.68–70 (Homer, Iliad; allusion); Homer, Od. 1.22–25 (Homer, Odyssey; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.14 (Raeder, 184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-14
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.15Raeder, 184
οὕτως αὐτοῖς ἥδιστος ἦν ὁ καπνὸς καὶ τῆς κνίσης ἡ δυσοσμία, καὶ ἀτεχνῶς τοῖς μαγείροις ἐῴκεσαν. ἀλλὰ γὰρ οὐκ ὀρθῶς αὐτοὺς τοῖς ὀψοποιοῖς ἀπεικάσαμεν. οὗτοι μὲν γὰρ τῶν ἄριστα ἐσκευασμένων παὶ ὀσφραίνονται καὶ ἀπογεύονται ὄψων, ἐκεῖνον δὲ ὀστῶν ἐμπιπραμένων τὴν δυσοσμίαν ἐδέχοντο. καὶ ἡμῶν μὲν ἕκαστος, εἰ βραχύ τι τούτῶν εἰς ἐσχάραν ἐμπέσοι, δυσχεραίνει καὶ τὰς ῥῖνας ἐμφράττει καὶ τὴν δυσώδη ὀδμὴν ἀποπέμπεται" οἱ δέ, τῆς ἀμβροσίας καὶ τοῦ νέμταρος ἀπολαύοντες, τῆς τῶν καιομένων ὀστῶν δυσοσμίας ἐξήρτηντο.
houtōs autois hēdistos ēn ho kapnos kai tēs knisēs hē dysosmia, kai atechnōs tois mageirois eǭkesan. alla gar ouk orthōs autous tois opsopoiois apeikasamen. houtoi men gar tōn arista eskeuasmenōn pai osphrainontai kai apogeuontai opsōn, ekeinon de ostōn empipramenōn tēn dysosmian edechonto. kai hēmōn men hekastos, ei brachy ti toutōn eis escharan empesoi, dyscherainei kai tas rhinas emphrattei kai tēn dysōdē odmēn apopempetai" hoi de, tēs ambrosias kai tou nemtaros apolauontes, tēs tōn kaiomenōn ostōn dysosmias exērtēnto.
So most pleasant to them was the smoke and the stench of the savor, and they were just like cooks. But we did not rightly liken them to cooks. For cooks smell and taste the best-prepared dishes, while they received the stench of burning bones. Each of us, if a bit of this falls on the hearth, is vexed, blocks his nose, and drives off the foul smell; but they, enjoying ambrosia and nectar, hung upon the stench of burning bones.
Notes and citation
Summary: The gods are mocked for loving the stench of burnt bones.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.15 (Raeder, 184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-15
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.16Raeder, 184
Ταῦτα δὲ τυχὸν καὶ αὐτοὶ περὶ τοῦ ὄντος Θεοῦ καὶ ἀεί γε ὄντος φάναι τολμήσουσιν, ἐπειδὴ τῶν μὲν περὶ θυσιῶν ἐν τῇ θείᾳ γραφῇ κειμένων ἐπαΐουσι νόμων, } τὸν δὲ τοῦ γομοθέτου παντελῶς ἀγνοοῦσι σκοπόν. ἔν γὰρ δὴ τῇ 4}γύπτῳ πλεῖστον ὅσον τὸν ᾿Ισραὴλ διατρίψαντα χρόνον καὶ τὰ πονηρὰ τῶν ἐγχωρίων εἰσδεξάμενον ἔθη καὶ θύειν εἰδώ-λοις καὶ δαίμοσι παρ᾽ ἐκείνων μεμαθηκότα καὶ. παίξειν καὶ χορεύειν "καὶ ὀργάνοις μουσικοῖς ἐπιτέρπεσθαι, τούτων ἐν ἔξεν γενόμενον ἐλευθερῶσαι θελήσας, θύειν μὲν ξυνεχώρησεν, ἀλλ᾽ οὐ πάντα θύειν, οὐδέ γε τοῖς ψευδωνύμοις «Αἰγυπτίων θεοῖρ, ἀλλ᾽ αὐτῷ μόνῳ τοὺς «Αἰγυπτίων προσφέρειν θεούς" ἐθεοποίουν γάρ τοι πάλαν ποτὲ καὶ τὸν βοῦν «Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ τὸ πρόβατον καὶ τὴν αἶγα καὶ τὴν περιστερὰν καὶ τὴν τρυγόνα καὶ ἄλλα ἄττα τῶν οὐκ ἐδωδίμων, ἀλλ᾽ ἀκαθάρτων καλουμένων.
Tauta de tychon kai autoi peri tou ontos Theou kai aei ge ontos phanai tolmēsousin, epeidē tōn men peri thysiōn en tę̄ theią graphę̄ keimenōn epaïousi nomōn, } ton de tou gomothetou pantelōs agnoousi skopon. en gar dē tę̄ 4}gyptǭ pleiston hoson ton ᾿Israēl diatripsanta chronon kai ta ponēra tōn enchōriōn eisdexamenon ethē kai thyein eidō-lois kai daimosi par᾽ ekeinōn memathēkota kai. paixein kai choreuein "kai organois mousikois epiterpesthai, toutōn en exen genomenon eleutherōsai thelēsas, thyein men xynechōrēsen, all᾽ ou panta thyein, oude ge tois pseudōnymois «Aigyptiōn theoir, all᾽ autǭ monǭ tous «Aigyptiōn prospherein theous" etheopoioun gar toi palan pote kai ton boun «Aigyptioi kai to probaton kai tēn aiga kai tēn peristeran kai tēn trygona kai alla atta tōn ouk edōdimōn, all᾽ akathartōn kaloumenōn.
Perhaps they too will dare say these things about the God who is and always is, since they hear the laws about sacrifices in the divine Scripture, but are wholly ignorant of the lawgiver's purpose. For Israel spent a very long time in Egypt and received the wicked customs of the natives, learned from them to sacrifice to idols and demons, and to play, dance, and delight in musical instruments; and wishing to free them, now accustomed to these things, he allowed them to sacrifice, but not to sacrifice everything, nor to the falsely named gods of the Egyptians, but to offer to himself alone the gods of the Egyptians. For of old the Egyptians deified the ox, the sheep, the goat, the dove, the turtledove, and certain others, not of the edible but of the so-called unclean.
Notes and citation
Summary: God permitted Israel sacrifice as a concession, ordering them to offer the animals Egypt worshiped.
- Theodoret's account of the purpose of the sacrificial law is his own interpretation.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.16 (Raeder, 184; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-16
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.17Raeder, 185
ἵνα τοίνυν μὴ δυσχεραίνωσιν. ὡς τῶν ἐθῶν ἐκείνων πάμπαν κεκωλυμένοι, τὸ μὲν τοῖς οὐκ οὖσι θεοῖς ἀπηγόρευσε θύειν, αὐτῷ δὲ θύειν ἐνομοθέτησε τὰ πρώην παρ΄ αὐτῶν προσκυνούμενα, ἐπ μὲν τῶν χερσαίων τὴν αἷγα καὶ τὸν βοῦν καὶ τὸ πρόβατον, ἔμ δὲ τῶν πτηνῶν τὴν τρυγόνα καὶ τὴν περιστεράν" ἥμερα δὲ δήπου καὶ φιλάνθρωπα καὶ ταῦτα κἀκεῖνα τὰ ἕξῷα.
hina toinyn mē dyscherainōsin. hōs tōn ethōn ekeinōn pampan kekōlymenoi, to men tois ouk ousi theois apēgoreuse thyein, autǭ de thyein enomothetēse ta prōēn par΄ autōn proskynoumena, ep men tōn chersaiōn tēn haiga kai ton boun kai to probaton, em de tōn ptēnōn tēn trygona kai tēn peristeran" hēmera de dēpou kai philanthrōpa kai tauta kakeina ta hexǭa.
So that they might not be vexed as wholly prevented from those customs, he forbade sacrificing to the gods that are not, but legislated that they sacrifice to himself what they had formerly worshiped: of land animals the goat, the ox, and the sheep; of birds the turtledove and the dove; and both kinds are tame and friendly to humans.
Lev 1:2–14 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Israel was told to sacrifice the very animals Egypt worshiped.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.17 (Raeder, 185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-17
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.18Raeder, 185
τόδε τὸ φάρμακον ὃ πάνσοφος ἰατρὸς τῇ «4ἰγυπτίᾳ προσενήνοχε νόσῳ, θύειν μὲν διὰ τὴν τῶν θυόντων ἀσθένειαν ξυγχωρήσας, τὰ δὲ σεβόμενα παρ᾽ αὐτῶν ἱερατεύειν κελεύσας, ἵνα τῷ θύειν μόάθωσι μὴ θεοὺς νομίζειν τὰ ὡς ἱερεῖα θυόμενα.
tode to pharmakon ho pansophos iatros tę̄ «4igyptią prosenēnoche nosǭ, thyein men dia tēn tōn thyontōn astheneian xynchōrēsas, ta de sebomena par᾽ autōn hierateuein keleusas, hina tǭ thyein moathōsi mē theous nomizein ta hōs hiereia thyomena.
This remedy the all-wise physician applied to the Egyptian disease: allowing sacrifice because of the weakness of those who sacrificed, but ordering them to offer as victims what they worshiped, so that by sacrificing they might learn not to think gods what was sacrificed as victims.
Notes and citation
Summary: Sacrifice taught Israel that Egypt's sacred animals were not gods.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.18 (Raeder, 185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-18
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.19Raeder, 185
διά τοι τοῦτο καὶ χοιρείων. αὐτοὺς μεταλαγχάνειν πρεῶν διεκώλυσεν, ἐπειδὴ τούτων μόνων Αἰγύπτιον μετελάμβανον, τῶν ἄλλων ὡς θεῶν ἀπεχύμενοι. ἀκόθαρτα γὰρ νομίζειν ταῦτα νομοθετήσας, ἐσθίειν ἐκέλευσε τὰ θεοποιούμενα, ἵνα εὐκαταφρόνητα φαίνηταν ὡς παρ᾽ αὐτῶν ἐσθιόμενα καὶ μὴ τὸ θεῖον σφετερίζηται σέβαρ.
dia toi touto kai choireiōn. autous metalanchanein preōn diekōlysen, epeidē toutōn monōn Aigyption metelambanon, tōn allōn hōs theōn apechymenoi. akotharta gar nomizein tauta nomothetēsas, esthiein ekeleuse ta theopoioumena, hina eukataphronēta phainētan hōs par᾽ autōn esthiomena kai mē to theion spheterizētai sebar.
For this reason he also forbade them to eat pork, since the Egyptians ate only these, abstaining from the others as gods. Legislating that these be considered unclean, he ordered them to eat what was deified, so that it might appear contemptible as eaten by them and not appropriate divine worship.
Lev 11:7 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Pork was forbidden and Egypt's sacred animals eaten to discredit them.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.19 (Raeder, 185; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-19
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.20Raeder, 186
δεισιδαίμονας γὰρ αὐτοὺς καὶ γαστριμάργους εἰδώς, πάθει πάθος ἀντέταξε καὶ τῇ δεισιδαιμονίῳ τὴν γαστριμαργίαν ἀντέστησεν. τῶν γάρ τον ὑείων ὡς ἀκαθάρτων κελεύσας ἀπέχεσθαι, τῶν δὲ γε ἄλλων ὡς καθαρῶν ἀπολαύειν νομοθετήσας, τῇ τῆς κρεηφαγίας ἐπιθυμίᾳ τῶν θεῶν νομιξομένῶν μεταλαβεῖν κατηνάγκαζεν.
deisidaimonas gar autous kai gastrimargous eidōs, pathei pathos antetaxe kai tę̄ deisidaimoniǭ tēn gastrimargian antestēsen. tōn gar ton hyeiōn hōs akathartōn keleusas apechesthai, tōn de ge allōn hōs katharōn apolauein nomothetēsas, tę̄ tēs kreēphagias epithymią tōn theōn nomixomenōn metalabein katēnankazen.
For knowing them superstitious and gluttonous, he set passion against passion and opposed gluttony to superstition. Ordering them to abstain from swine as unclean and legislating that they enjoy the others as clean, he compelled them through the desire for meat to partake of those thought gods.
Notes and citation
Summary: God used Israel's appetite against its superstition.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.20 (Raeder, 186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-20
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.21Raeder, 186
οὐ τοίνυν ἱερείων δεόμενος οὐδὲ κνίσης ὀριγνώμενος, θύειν προσέταξεν ὃ Θεός, ἀλλὰ τῶν ἀρρωστούντων ἰατρεύων τὰ πάθη. οὕτω δὴ καὶ τὰ τῶν εὐήχων ὀργάνων ἠνέσχετο, οὐ τῇ τούτων ἁρμονίᾳ τερπόμενος, ἀλλὰ κατὰ βραχὺ παύων τῶν εἰδώλων τὸν πλώνον:; εἰ γὰρ εὐθὺς τῆς «Αἰγυπτίων ξυνουσίας ἀπαλλαγεῖσι τοὺς τελείους προσενηνόχει νόμους, πάντως ἂν ἀπεσκίρτησαν καὶ τὸν χαλινὸν ἀπωσάμενοι πρὸς τὸν πρότερον ἐπαλινδρόμησαν ὄλεθρον. εἰ γὰρ καὶ τούτων οὕτω πρυτανευθέντων, ἐπειράθησαν τοῦτο δρᾶσαι πολλάκις, τί οὐκ ἂν ἐτόλμησαν, εἰ τὴν εὐαγγελικὴν αὐτοῖς εὐθὺς ἐξ ἀρχῆς φιλοσοφίαν ἐνομοθέ- τησεν;
ou toinyn hiereiōn deomenos oude knisēs orignōmenos, thyein prosetaxen ho Theos, alla tōn arrōstountōn iatreuōn ta pathē. houtō dē kai ta tōn euēchōn organōn ēnescheto, ou tę̄ toutōn harmonią terpomenos, alla kata brachy pauōn tōn eidōlōn ton plōnon:? ei gar euthys tēs «Aigyptiōn xynousias apallageisi tous teleious prosenēnochei nomous, pantōs an apeskirtēsan kai ton chalinon apōsamenoi pros ton proteron epalindromēsan olethron. ei gar kai toutōn houtō prytaneuthentōn, epeirathēsan touto drasai pollakis, ti ouk an etolmēsan, ei tēn euangelikēn autois euthys ex archēs philosophian enomothe- tēsen?
So God ordered sacrifice not because he needed victims or longed for savor, but healing the ailments of the sick. In the same way he tolerated musical instruments, not delighting in their harmony but little by little stopping the error of idols. For if he had offered the perfect laws to them as soon as they were freed from association with the Egyptians, they would surely have bolted, shaken off the bridle, and run back to their former ruin. For if, even with things managed so, they often tried to do this, what would they not have dared if he had legislated the gospel philosophy for them from the very beginning?
Notes and citation
Summary: Sacrifice and music were concessions; the perfect law would have been too much for Israel at first.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.21 (Raeder, 186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-21
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.22Raeder, 186
] ὅτι δὲ καὶ θυσιῶν χαὶ μουσικῶν ὀργάνων ἀνενδεὴς ὁ Θεός, ἀκούσατε αὐτοῦ διὰ τῶν προφητῶν λέγοντος" νοὐ δέξομαι ἐπ τοῦ οἴκου σου μόσχους, οὐδὲ ἐκ τῶν ποιμνίων ὅου χιμάρους. ἐμὰ γάρ ἐστι πάντα τὰ θηρία τοῦ ἀγροῦ, κτήνη ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι καὶ βόδς. ἔγνωκα πάντα τὼ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ' καὶ ὡραιότης ἀγροῦ μετ᾽ ἐμοῦ ἐστιν ἐν γὰρ δὴ τούτοις πάντα τὰ νενομοθετημένα προσφέρειν ἐξέβαλεν; οὐ τὰ χερσαῖα μόνον ζῷα καὶ τὰ “πτηνά, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν ἀποθλιβόμενον οἶνον καὶ τὸ μετὰ σεμιδάλεως καὶ ποπάνων προσφερόμενον ἔλαιον.
] hoti de kai thysiōn chai mousikōn organōn anendeēs ho Theos, akousate autou dia tōn prophētōn legontos" nou dexomai ep tou oikou sou moschous, oude ek tōn poimniōn hoou chimarous. ema gar esti panta ta thēria tou agrou, ktēnē en tois oresi kai bods. egnōka panta tō peteina tou ouranou' kai hōraiotēs agrou met᾽ emou estin en gar dē toutois panta ta nenomothetēmena prospherein exebalen? ou ta chersaia monon zǭa kai ta “ptēna, alla kai ton apothlibomenon oinon kai to meta semidaleōs kai popanōn prospheromenon elaion.
That God needs neither sacrifices nor musical instruments, hear him say through the prophets: 'I will not accept calves from your house, nor goats from your flocks. For all the beasts of the field are mine, cattle on the mountains and oxen. I know all the birds of the air, and the beauty of the field is with me.' By these he rejected all the prescribed offerings, not only land animals and birds, but also the pressed wine and the oil offered with fine flour and cakes.
Ps 50:9–11 (49:9-Ps LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 50 shows God needs no sacrifices.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.22 (Raeder, 186; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-22
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.23Raeder, 187
ὡραιότητα γὰρ ἀγροῦ ταῦτα δὴ προσηγόρευσε καὶ ἔδειξεν αὐτοῦ γε ὄντα καὶ ταῦτα κἀκεῖνα ποιήματα, ταύτῃ πῃ διδάσκων, ὡς ἡ θεία φύσις ἀνενδεής. εἶτα μετά τινος εἰρωνείας χαριεστάτης καὶ πάσης ὠφελείας μεστῆς καὶ τὴν ἐκείνων ἄγνοιαν διελέγχει καὶ τὴν οἰκείαν
hōraiotēta gar agrou tauta dē prosēgoreuse kai edeixen autou ge onta kai tauta kakeina poiēmata, tautę̄ pę̄ didaskōn, hōs hē theia physis anendeēs. eita meta tinos eirōneias chariestatēs kai pasēs ōpheleias mestēs kai tēn ekeinōn agnoian dielenchei kai tēn oikeian
For he called these 'the beauty of the field', and showed that both these and those are his works, teaching in this way that the divine nature is without need. Then, with a most charming irony full of benefit, he both refutes their ignorance and
Notes and citation
Summary: God's ownership of all shows he needs nothing.
- The sentence continues in 7.24.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.23 (Raeder, 187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-23
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.24Raeder, 187
ἐπιδείκνυσι δύναμιν᾽ ἔφη γάρ᾽ «ἐὰν πεινάσω, οὐ μή σοι εἴπω ἐμὴ γόρ ἐστιν ἡ οἰκουμένη καὶ τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῆς.“ οὕτω διὰ τούτων καὶ τὴν δημιουργίαν καὶ τὴν δεσποτείαν ἐναργῶς ἐπιδείξας. ἐκεῖνο τὸ εἰρωνικῶς ῥηθὲν ἐθεράπευσεν, εἰπών" μὴ φάγομαι" κρέα ταύρων ἢ αἷμα τράγων πίομαιγ" καὶ διὰ πάντων περιττὰ δείξας τὰ θύματα καὶ τῆς θείας ἀνάξια φύσεως, καινόν τινα θυσίας ὑποτίθεται τρόπον, οὐ βωμὸν αἰἱματτούσης, ἀλλὰ γλώττῃ καὶ χείλεσι τελουμένης᾽ οοῳθῦσον γὰρ ἔφη τῷ Θεῷ θυσίαν αἰνέσεως καὶ ἀπόδος τῷ ὑψίστῳ τὰς εὐχάς σου καὶ ἐπικάλεσαί μὲ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ θλίψεώς σου καὶ ἐξελοῦμαί σε, καὶ δοξά
epideiknysi dynamin᾽ ephē gar᾽ «ean peinasō, ou mē soi eipō emē gor estin hē oikoumenē kai to plērōma autēs.“ houtō dia toutōn kai tēn dēmiourgian kai tēn despoteian enargōs epideixas. ekeino to eirōnikōs rhēthen etherapeusen, eipōn" mē phagomai" krea taurōn ē haima tragōn piomaig" kai dia pantōn peritta deixas ta thymata kai tēs theias anaxia physeōs, kainon tina thysias hypotithetai tropon, ou bōmon aiimattousēs, alla glōttę̄ kai cheilesi teloumenēs᾽ ooǭthyson gar ephē tǭ Theǭ thysian aineseōs kai apodos tǭ hypsistǭ tas euchas sou kai epikalesai me en hēmerą thlipseōs sou kai exeloumai se, kai doxa
shows his own power; for he said: 'If I were hungry, I would not tell you; for the world is mine and all that fills it.' Having thus clearly shown his creating and his lordship, he cured that ironical saying by adding: 'Shall I eat the flesh of bulls or drink the blood of goats?' And having shown through all this that victims are superfluous and unworthy of the divine nature, he proposes a new manner of sacrifice, not bloodying an altar, but performed with tongue and lips: 'Sacrifice to God a sacrifice of praise, and pay your vows to the Most High; and call upon me in the day of your affliction, and I will deliver you, and you shall glorify me.'
Ps 50:12–15 (49:12-Ps LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God asks a sacrifice of praise instead of animals.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.24 (Raeder, 187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-24). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-24
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.25Raeder, 187
σεις με΄ ἀρκεῖ γὰρ αὐτῷ λόγος εὔλογός τε καὶ πρόσφορος ὑπὲρ πάντα τὰ ποίμνια καὶ αἰπόλια καὶ βουκόλια᾽ καὶ τοῦτον δεχόμενος ἀμείβεται τοὺς προσφέροντας, ἐπικουρίαν ὀρέγων καὶ εἰς καιρὸν ἐπαμύνων καὶ τῶν λωβᾶσθαι πειρωμένων ἐλευθερῶν. ταὐτὸ δὴ τοῦτο κὼν τῷ τέλει τῆς μελῳδίας προστέθεικεν᾽,,θυσία αἰνέσεως δοξάσει με' καὶ ἐκεῖ
seis me΄ arkei gar autǭ logos eulogos te kai prosphoros hyper panta ta poimnia kai aipolia kai boukolia᾽ kai touton dechomenos ameibetai tous prospherontas, epikourian oregōn kai eis kairon epamynōn kai tōn lōbasthai peirōmenōn eleutherōn. tauto dē touto kōn tǭ telei tēs melǭdias prostetheiken᾽,,thysia aineseōs doxasei me' kai ekei
For a well-spoken and fitting word suffices him beyond all flocks, herds of goats, and herds of cattle; and receiving it he repays those who offer it, holding out help, defending them in time, and freeing them from those who try to harm them. He added the same at the end of the song: 'A sacrifice of praise will glorify me, and there
Ps 50:23 (49:23 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God accepts praise and repays it with help.
- The quotation of Ps 50:23 ends in 7.26.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.25 (Raeder, 187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-25). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-25
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.26Raeder, 187
ὁδός, ἦ δείξω αὐτοῖς τὸ σωτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ.“ οὐ γὰρ ἀπόχρη τὸ μόνον τὸν εὐεργέτην ὑμνεῖν᾽ προσήκει γὰρ καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν ἐκείνην ὁδεύειν, ἧς τὸ τέλος ἀληθῶς σωτηρία. τοῦτο κἀν ἑτέρῳ “ψαλμῷ πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν εἶπεν ὁ προφήτης᾽ οθυσίαν“" γὰφ ἔφη..καὶ προσφυρὰν οὐκ ἠθέλησας" ὁλοκαυτώματα καὶ περὶ ἁμαρτίας οὐκ ἐζήτησας.“ κἀν ἄλλῃ δὲ μελῳδίᾳ τοῦτο παραδέδωκεν" αἰνέσω γάρ! εἶπε »τὸ ὦ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ μου μετ᾽ φδῆς" μεγαλυνῶ αὐτὸν ἐν αἰνέσει" καὶ ἀρέσει τῷ Θεῷ ὑπὲρ μόσχον νέον; κέρατα ἐκφέροντα καὶ ὁπλάς
hodos, ē deixō autois to sōtērion tou Theou.“ ou gar apochrē to monon ton euergetēn hymnein᾽ prosēkei gar kai tēn hodon ekeinēn hodeuein, hēs to telos alēthōs sōtēria. touto kan heterǭ “psalmǭ pros ton Theon eipen ho prophētēs᾽ othysian“" gaph ephē..kai prosphyran ouk ēthelēsas" holokautōmata kai peri hamartias ouk ezētēsas.“ kan allę̄ de melǭdią touto paradedōken" ainesō gar! eipe »to ō onoma tou Theou mou met᾽ phdēs" megalynō auton en ainesei" kai aresei tǭ Theǭ hyper moschon neon? kerata ekpheronta kai hoplas
is the way by which I will show them the salvation of God.' For it is not enough only to hymn the Benefactor; one must also walk that road whose end is truly salvation. The prophet said this to God in another psalm too: 'Sacrifice and offering you did not desire; burnt offerings and sin offerings you did not require.' And in another song he handed down the same: 'I will praise the name of my God with a song; I will magnify him with praise; and it will please God more than a young calf with horns and hoofs.'
Ps 50:23 (49:23 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 40:6 (39:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 69:30–31 (68:31-Ps LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Other psalms too prefer praise to sacrifice.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.26 (Raeder, 187; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-26). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-26
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.27Raeder, 188
ὡς ἂν δὲ μή τις ὁπολάβῃ ταῦτα μόνον τὸν Δαυὶδ γεγραφέναι, ἀκούσατε, ὦ ἄνδρες, ὁποῖα καὶ διὰ τῆς τοῦ Ἡσαΐου φωνῆς αὐτὸς πάλιν εἴρηκεν ὁ Θεός᾽ αὐτοῦ γὰρ δὴ ταῦτα τὰ ῥήματα" «τί μοι πλῆθος τῶν θυσιῶν ἁμῶν; λέγει Κύριος. πλήρης εἰμί" ὁλοκαυτώματα κριῶν παὶ στέαρ ἀρνῶν καὶ αἷμα ταύρων ἣ τράγων οὐ βούλομαι, οὐδ᾽ ἂν ἔρχησθε ὀφθῆ- ναί μοι. τίς γὰρ ἐξεξήτησε ταῦτα ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν ὑμῶν
hōs an de mē tis hopolabę̄ tauta monon ton Dauid gegraphenai, akousate, ō andres, hopoia kai dia tēs tou Hēsaïou phōnēs autos palin eirēken ho Theos᾽ autou gar dē tauta ta rhēmata" «ti moi plēthos tōn thysiōn hamōn? legei Kyrios. plērēs eimi" holokautōmata kriōn pai stear arnōn kai haima taurōn hē tragōn ou boulomai, oud᾽ an erchēsthe ophthē- nai moi. tis gar exexētēse tauta ek tōn cheirōn hymōn
So that no one may suppose that David alone wrote this, hear, gentlemen, what God himself said again through the voice of Isaiah; for these are his words: 'What to me is the multitude of your sacrifices? says the Lord. I am full; burnt offerings of rams and the fat of lambs and the blood of bulls and goats I do not want, not even if you come to appear before me. For who required these from your hands?'
Isa 1:11–12 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Isaiah 1 too rejects sacrifices.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.27 (Raeder, 188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-27). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-27
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.28Raeder, 188
ἄντικρυς δὲ διὰ τούτων δεδήλωκεν, ὧς οὐ» ἀναγκαίως ταῦτα νενομοθέτηκεν, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἐκείνων ξυγκατιὼν ἀσθενείᾳ. τοῦτο γὰρ σημαίνει τὸ τίς ἐξεξήτησε ταῦτα ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν ὑμῶν;“ εἶτα ἐπήγαγεν" »»"εατεῖν μου τὴν αὐλὴν οὐ προσθήσεσθε. ἐὰν γὰρ προσφέρητέ μοι σεμίδαλιν, μάταιον θυμίαμα βὸδέλυγμά μοέ ἐστι᾿ τὰς νεομηνίας ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ σάββατα καὶ ἡμέραν μεγάλην οὐκ ἀνέχομαι" νηστείαν καὶ ἀργίων καὶ τὰς ἑορτὰς ὑμῶν μισεῖ ἡ ψυχή μου. ἐγενήθητέ μοι εἰς πλησμονήν.
antikrys de dia toutōn dedēlōken, hōs ou» anankaiōs tauta nenomothetēken, alla tę̄ ekeinōn xynkatiōn astheneią. touto gar sēmainei to tis exexētēse tauta ek tōn cheirōn hymōn?“ eita epēgagen" »»"eatein mou tēn aulēn ou prosthēsesthe. ean gar prospherēte moi semidalin, mataion thymiama bodelygma moe esti᾿ tas neomēnias hymōn kai ta sabbata kai hēmeran megalēn ouk anechomai" nēsteian kai argiōn kai tas heortas hymōn misei hē psychē mou. egenēthēte moi eis plēsmonēn.
By these he plainly showed that he did not legislate these things as necessary, but condescending to their weakness. For this is what 'Who required these from your hands?' means. Then he added: 'You shall no longer tread my court. If you bring me fine flour, it is vain; incense is an abomination to me; your new moons and sabbaths and great day I cannot endure; fasting, idleness, and your feasts my soul hates; you have become a surfeit to me.'
Isa 1:12–14 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Isaiah shows the sacrificial law was a concession.
- Isa 1:12–14 (LXX).
Topics: Fasting
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.28 (Raeder, 188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-28). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-28
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.29Raeder, 188
ἀτεχνῶς δὲ ταῦτα τῇ Ζαυιτικῇ ἔοικε μελῳδίᾳ. κἀνταῦθα γὰρ παραπλησίως οὐ μόνον τοὺς ταύρους καὶ τοὺς τράγους καὶ τοὺς ἄρνας ἐξέβαλεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν σεμίδαλυν καὶ τῶν ἀρωμάτων τὴν εὐοσμίαν καὶ τῶν μεγάλων πανηγύρεων τὸν κατάλογον. ὥσπερ δὲ διὰ τοῦ Δαυὶδ ἀπαγορεύσας τὰς τοιαύτας ἱερουργίας τὴν τῆς αἰνέσεως θυσίαν προσφέρειν ἐκέλευσεν, οὕτω κἀνταῦθα τούτων ἕκαστον ἐχβαλών, τὸ τῆς ἀφθαρσίας αὐτόϊς καὶ παλιγγενεσίας ἐπιδείκνυσι
atechnōs de tauta tę̄ Zauitikę̄ eoike melǭdią. kantautha gar paraplēsiōs ou monon tous taurous kai tous tragous kai tous arnas exebalen, alla kai tēn semidalyn kai tōn arōmatōn tēn euosmian kai tōn megalōn panēgyreōn ton katalogon. hōsper de dia tou Dauid apagoreusas tas toiautas hierourgias tēn tēs aineseōs thysian prospherein ekeleusen, houtō kantautha toutōn hekaston echbalōn, to tēs aphtharsias autoïs kai palingenesias epideiknysi
This is exactly like the song of David. Here too, likewise, he rejected not only the bulls, goats, and lambs, but also the fine flour, the fragrance of spices, and the list of great festivals. And just as through David, forbidding such rites, he ordered them to offer the sacrifice of praise, so here, rejecting each of these, he shows them the baptism of incorruption and
Notes and citation
Summary: Isaiah, like David, replaces sacrifice with something better: baptism.
- The sentence continues in 7.30.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.29 (Raeder, 188; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-29). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-29
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.30Raeder, 189
βάπτισμα καί φησιν" »λούσασθε, καθαροὶ γένεσθε.ς καὶ ἵνα “μὴ νομίσωσι ᾿προστεταχέναι αὐτὸν τοῖς περιρραντηρίοις τοῖς ξυνήθεσι χρήσασθαι, ἀναγκαίως προστέθεικεν᾽ ἀφέλετε τὰς πονηρίας ὑμῶν ἀπὸ τῶν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν, ἀπέναντι τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν μου τοῦτο δὲ σαφῶς τὴν τοῦ παναγίου βαπτίσματος αἰνίττεται δωρεάν. κἀν τῷ μέσῳ δὲ. τῆς προ: φητείας πάλιν ὃ τοῦ προφήτου Θεὸς διὰ τοῦ προφήτου φησίν:
baptisma kai phēsin" »lousasthe, katharoi genesthe.s kai hina “mē nomisōsi ᾿prostetachenai auton tois perirrantēriois tois xynēthesi chrēsasthai, anankaiōs prostetheiken᾽ aphelete tas ponērias hymōn apo tōn psychōn hymōn, apenanti tōn ophthalmōn mou touto de saphōs tēn tou panagiou baptismatos ainittetai dōrean. kan tǭ mesǭ de. tēs pro: phēteias palin ho tou prophētou Theos dia tou prophētou phēsin:
rebirth and says: 'Wash yourselves; become clean.' And so that they might not think he commanded them to use the usual sprinklings, he necessarily added: 'Remove your wickedness from your souls before my eyes.' This plainly hints at the gift of all-holy baptism. And in the middle of the prophecy again the prophet's God says through the prophet:
Isa 1:16 (quotation, high confidence) · Titus 3:5 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Isaiah's 'wash yourselves' points to baptism.
- The quotation of Isa 43 follows in 7.31.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.30 (Raeder, 189; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-30). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-30
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.31Raeder, 189
οὐ νῦν ἐκάλεσά σε, ᾿Ιακώβ, οὐδὲ κοπιάσαι δὲ ἐποίησα, ᾿Ισραήλ.. οὐκ ἤνεγκάς μοι πρόβατα τῆς δλοκαρπώσεώς σου οὐδὲ ἐν. ταῖς θυσίαις σοὺ ἐδόξασάς με οὐκ ἐδούλευσάς μοι ἐν δώροις, οὐδὲ ἔγκοπόν σε ἐποίησα ἐν λιβανωτῷ' οὐδὲ ἐκτήσω μοι ἀργυρίου θυμίαμα, οὐδὲ στέαρ τῶν θυσιῶν σου ἐπεθύμησα᾽ ἀλλ᾽ ἐν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις σου καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἀδικίαις σου προέστην σου.΄.
ou nyn ekalesa se, ᾿Iakōb, oude kopiasai de epoiēsa, ᾿Israēl.. ouk ēnenkas moi probata tēs dlokarpōseōs sou oude en. tais thysiais sou edoxasas me ouk edouleusas moi en dōrois, oude enkopon se epoiēsa en libanōtǭ' oude ektēsō moi argyriou thymiama, oude stear tōn thysiōn sou epethymēsa᾽ all᾽ en tais hamartiais sou kai en tais adikiais sou proestēn sou.΄.
'I did not now call you, Jacob, nor did I make you weary, Israel. You did not bring me the sheep of your whole burnt offering, nor glorify me with your sacrifices; you did not serve me with gifts, nor did I make you weary with frankincense; nor did you buy me incense with silver, nor did I desire the fat of your sacrifices; but in your sins and in your iniquities I stood before you.'
Isa 43:22–24 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Isaiah 43 says God did not demand sacrifices.
- Isa 43:22–24 (LXX).
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.31 (Raeder, 189; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-31). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-31
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.32Raeder, 189
οὕτω πάλιν δείξας ἀνόνητα τῆς νομικῆς ἱερουργίας τὰ εἴδη, ὑπισχνεῖται τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων τὴν ἄφεσιν, ἣν διὰ τοῦ παναγίου βαπτίσματος ἐδωρήσατο".,ἐγώ εἰμι, ἐγώ εἶμι ὃ ἐξαλείφων τὰς ἀνομίας σου ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ, καὶ τὰς ἁμαρτίας σου οὐ μὴ μνὴσθήσομοι.“. οὐ γὰρ δὴ δι᾽ ἔργων ἀξιεπαίνων, ἀλλὰ διὰ μόνης πίστεως τῶν μυστικῶν τετυχήκαμεν ἀγαθῶν.
houtō palin deixas anonēta tēs nomikēs hierourgias ta eidē, hypischneitai tōn hamartēmatōn tēn aphesin, hēn dia tou panagiou baptismatos edōrēsato".,egō eimi, egō eimi ho exaleiphōn tas anomias sou heneken emou, kai tas hamartias sou ou mē mnēsthēsomoi.“. ou gar dē di᾽ ergōn axiepainōn, alla dia monēs pisteōs tōn mystikōn tetychēkamen agathōn.
Having again shown the forms of the legal ritual to be useless, he promises the forgiveness of sins which he granted through all-holy baptism: 'I am, I am he who blots out your iniquities for my own sake, and I will not remember your sins.' For not through praiseworthy works but through faith alone have we obtained the mystical goods.
Isa 43:25 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God promises forgiveness, given through baptism by faith, not works.
Topics: Baptism
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.32 (Raeder, 189; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-32). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-32
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.33Raeder, 189
τῷ τοι καὶ ὁ θεῖος ἀπόστολος. χέχραγεν᾽ «χάριτί ἐστε σεσωσμένοι" καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν Θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον, ἵνα μή τις καυχήσηται.Κ τοῦτο κἀνταῦθα. δηλῶν, τὸ., «ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ“ τέθεικεν.. ταῦτα καὶ “διὰ “Ιερεμίου διαμαρτύρεται λέγων" τὰ ὅλοκαυτώματα ὑμῶν συναγάγετε μετὰ τῶν θυσιῶν ὑμῶν καὶ φάγετε κρέας, ὅτι οὐκ ἐλάλησα πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ὑμῶν οὐδὲ ἐνετειλάμην αὐτοῖς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ, ἐν ἧ ἀνήγαγον αὐτοὺς ἐξ Αἰ.
tǭ toi kai ho theios apostolos. chechragen᾽ «chariti este sesōsmenoi" kai touto ouk ex hymōn Theou to dōron, hina mē tis kauchēsētai.K touto kantautha. dēlōn, to., «heneken emou“ tetheiken.. tauta kai “dia “Ieremiou diamartyretai legōn" ta holokautōmata hymōn synagagete meta tōn thysiōn hymōn kai phagete kreas, hoti ouk elalēsa pros tous pateras hymōn oude eneteilamēn autois en hēmerą, en hē anēgagon autous ex Ai.
That is why the divine apostle cried: 'By grace you have been saved; and this is not from you; it is the gift of God, so that no one may boast.' Showing this here too, he set down 'for my own sake'. He testifies to this through Jeremiah too, saying: 'Gather your burnt offerings with your sacrifices and eat meat; for I did not speak to your fathers or command them on the day I brought them up out of
Eph 2:8–9 (quotation, high confidence) · Jer 7:21–22 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Salvation is by grace, as Paul says; Jeremiah also rejects sacrifices.
- The quotation of Jer 7:22 ends in 7.34.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.33 (Raeder, 189; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-33). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-33
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.34Raeder, 190
γύπτου, περὶ ὁλοκαυτωμάτων καὶ θυσίας.. ἃ ἃ γὰρ δὴ περὶ τούτων ἐν τῷ νόμῳ προσετετάχει, τῆς ἐκείνων ἦν ἦ ἀναισθησίας, οὐ τῆς αὐτοῦ χρείας τε καὶ βουλήσεως. ταῦτα καὶ ἑτέρωθι λέγει" οΤὰ ὁλοκαυτώματα ὑμῶν οὖν. ἔστι δεητά, καὶ αἱ θυσίαι ὑμῶν οὐχ ἥδυνάν μοι. καὶ αὖ πάλιν βοᾷ' »ἀπόστησον ἀπ᾽ ἐμοῦ ἦχον φδῶν σου, καὶ φωνῆς ὀργάνων
gyptou, peri holokautōmatōn kai thysias.. ha ha gar dē peri toutōn en tǭ nomǭ prosetetachei, tēs ekeinōn ēn ē anaisthēsias, ou tēs autou chreias te kai boulēseōs. tauta kai heterōthi legei" oTa holokautōmata hymōn oun. esti deēta, kai hai thysiai hymōn ouch hēdynan moi. kai au palin boą' »apostēson ap᾽ emou ēchon phdōn sou, kai phōnēs organōn
Egypt about burnt offerings and sacrifice.' For what he had prescribed in the law about these belonged to their insensitivity, not to his own need and will. He says this elsewhere too: 'Your burnt offerings are not acceptable, and your sacrifices are not pleasant to me.' And again he cries: 'Take away from me the sound of your songs, and the voice of your instruments
Jer 7:22 (quotation, high confidence) · Jer 6:20 (quotation, high confidence) · Amos 5:23 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Jeremiah and Amos also reject sacrifices and music.
- Jer 6:20; Amos 5:23. The quotation ends in 7.35.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.34 (Raeder, 190; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-34). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-34
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.35Raeder, 190
σου οὐκ ἀκούσομαι.“ | καὶ ἄλλα δὲ πάμπολλα τοιαῦτα ἔστιν εὑρεῖν, δηλοῦντα σαφῶς, ὡς οὐ δεόμενος. θυσιῶν ὃ Θεὸς οὐδὲ καπνῷ καὶ κνίσῃ καὶ τοῖς μουσικοῖς. ὀργάνοις ἐπιτερπόμενος ταῦτα τελεῖσθαι προσέταξεν, ἀλλὰ τῆς ἐκείνων προμηθούμενος ἰατρείας.
sou ouk akousomai.“ | kai alla de pampolla toiauta estin heurein, dēlounta saphōs, hōs ou deomenos. thysiōn ho Theos oude kapnǭ kai knisę̄ kai tois mousikois. organois epiterpomenos tauta teleisthai prosetaxen, alla tēs ekeinōn promēthoumenos iatreias.
I will not hear.' One can find very many others like these, clearly showing that God ordered these things to be performed not because he needed sacrifices or delighted in smoke, savor, and musical instruments, but providing for their healing.
Amos 5:23 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God ordered sacrifices for Israel's healing, not his need.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.35 (Raeder, 190; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-35). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-35
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.36Raeder, 190
Μὴ τοίνυν τῆς τῶν ὑμετέρων θυμάτων κατηγορίας ἀπολογίαν τὴν ἀντικατηγορίαν ἔχειν νομίζετε. δῆλον γάρ τοι τὸν τοῦ νόμου σχοπὸν διὰ τῶν προφητῶν ὁ νομοθέτης πεποίηκεν. τούτοις ἀκριβῶς ἐντυχὼν ὃ Πορφύριος (μάλα γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἐνδιέτριψε, τὴν χκαθ’ ἡμῶν τυρεύων γραφήν); καὶ ἀλλότριον εὐσεβείας καὶ αὐτὸς ἀποφαίνει τὸ θύειν, παραπλήσιόν τι τοῖς πιθήκοις καὶ δρῶν καὶ πάσχων.
Mē toinyn tēs tōn hymeterōn thymatōn katēgorias apologian tēn antikatēgorian echein nomizete. dēlon gar toi ton tou nomou schopon dia tōn prophētōn ho nomothetēs pepoiēken. toutois akribōs entychōn ho Porphyrios (mala gar autois endietripse, tēn chkath’ hēmōn tyreuōn graphēn)? kai allotrion eusebeias kai autos apophainei to thyein, paraplēsion ti tois pithēkois kai drōn kai paschōn.
So do not think that a counter-accusation is a defense against the accusation of your sacrifices. For the lawgiver made the purpose of the law plain through the prophets. Porphyry read them carefully (for he spent much time on them, plotting his writing against us), and he himself declares sacrifice alien to piety, doing and suffering something like apes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Porphyry, who studied the prophets, also rejected sacrifice.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.36 (Raeder, 190; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-36). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-36
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.37Raeder, 190
χκαθάπερ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι μιμοῦνται μὲν τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐπιτηδεύματα, εἰς δέ γε τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων οὐ μεταβάλλονται φύσιν, ἀλλὰ μένουσι πίθηκοι, οὕτως οὗτος τὰ θεῖα λόγια κεκλοφὼς καὶ ἐνίων τὴν διάνοιαν τοῖς ξυγγράμμασιν ἐντεθεικὼς τοῖς οἰκείοις, μεταμοθεῖν οὐ» ἠθέλησε τὴν ἀλήθειαν, ἀλλὰ μεμένηκε πίθηκος, μᾶλλον δὲ πολοιός, ἀλλοτρίοις σπτίλοις καλλυνόμενος.
chkathaper gar ekeinoi mimountai men ta tōn anthrōpōn epitēdeumata, eis de ge tēn tōn anthrōpōn ou metaballontai physin, alla menousi pithēkoi, houtōs houtos ta theia logia keklophōs kai eniōn tēn dianoian tois xyngrammasin entetheikōs tois oikeiois, metamothein ou» ēthelēse tēn alētheian, alla memenēke pithēkos, mallon de poloios, allotriois sptilois kallynomenos.
For just as apes imitate human pursuits but are not changed into human nature, remaining apes, so he, having stolen the divine oracles and put the sense of some into his own writings, would not learn the truth instead, but remained an ape, or rather a jackdaw, adorned with others' feathers.
Notes and citation
Summary: Porphyry borrowed from Scripture without accepting its truth.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.37 (Raeder, 190; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-37). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-37
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.38Raeder, 190
οὗτος περὶ τοῦ δεῖν ἐμψύχων ἀπέχεσθαι πολλοὺς λόγους ξυγγεγραφώς, εἰσήγαγε τὸν Θεόφραστον λέγοντα, ὅτι.,οἱ πάλαι ἄνθρωποι οὔτε λιβανωτὸν οὔτε ἄλλο θῦμα προσέφερον, ἀλλὰ χλόης οἷόν τινα τῆς γονίμου φύσεως χνοῦν ταῖς χερσὶν ἀράμενοι κατέκαον,( ταύτῃ τοὺς φαινομένους οὐρανίους θεοὺς τῇ θυσίᾳ δεξιούμενοι.
houtos peri tou dein empsychōn apechesthai pollous logous xyngegraphōs, eisēgage ton Theophraston legonta, hoti.,hoi palai anthrōpoi oute libanōton oute allo thyma prosepheron, alla chloēs hoion tina tēs gonimou physeōs chnoun tais chersin aramenoi katekaon,( tautę̄ tous phainomenous ouranious theous tę̄ thysią dexioumenoi.
He, having written many words about the need to abstain from animal food, brought in Theophrastus saying that 'the people of old offered neither frankincense nor any other victim, but taking up in their hands green grass as a kind of down of fruitful nature, burned it,' welcoming in this way with sacrifice the heavenly gods that appeared to them.
Notes and citation
Summary: Porphyry cites Theophrastus on the first bloodless sacrifices.
- Porphyry, On Abstinence 2.5, citing Theophrastus, On Piety.
Extrabiblical texts: Porphyry, Abst. 2.5 (Porphyry, On Abstinence from Killing Animals; quotation); Theophrastus (Theophrastus, On Piety; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.38 (Raeder, 190; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-38). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-38
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.39Raeder, 191
εἶτα πολλὰ ὄντα τοιαῦτα διεξελθών, ἐπήγαγεν᾽ «πόρρω δὲ τῶν περὶ τὰς θυσίας ἀπαρχῶν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις προϊουσῶν παρανομίας, ἡ τῶν δεινοτάτων θυμάτων παράληψις ἐπεισήχθη ὠμότητος πλήρης, ὡς δοκεῖν τὰς πρότερον λεχθείσας καθ᾽ ἡμῶν ἀρὰς νῦν τέλος εἰληφέναι, σφαξάντων τῶν ἀνθρώπων καὶ τοὺς
eita polla onta toiauta diexelthōn, epēgagen᾽ «porrō de tōn peri tas thysias aparchōn tois anthrōpois proïousōn paranomias, hē tōn deinotatōn thymatōn paralēpsis epeisēchthē ōmotētos plērēs, hōs dokein tas proteron lechtheisas kath᾽ hēmōn aras nyn telos eilēphenai, sphaxantōn tōn anthrōpōn kai tous
Then, going through many such things, he added: 'As lawlessness advanced far among human beings in the offering of first-fruits, the adoption of the most terrible victims was brought in, full of cruelty, so that the curses formerly spoken against us seem now to have been fulfilled, when human beings slaughtered and
Notes and citation
Summary: Porphyry says bloody sacrifices arose as human lawlessness grew.
- Porphyry, On Abstinence 2.7. The quotation ends in 7.40.
Extrabiblical texts: Porphyry, Abst. 2.7 (Porphyry, On Abstinence from Killing Animals; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.39 (Raeder, 191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-39). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-39
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.40Raeder, 191
βωμοὺς αἱμαξάντων.“ εἶτα πολλοὺς λόγους διεξελθών, ἔφη μὴ χοῆναι θεοὺς ὑπολαμβάνειν τοὺς ταῖς διὰ ξῴων θυσίαις χαίροντας" εἶναι γὰρ ἀδικώτατον τὸ ξῳοθυτεῖν καὶ ἀνόσιον καὶ μυσαρὸν καὶ βλαβερὸν καὶ διὰ τοῦτο μηδὲ θεοῖς προσφιλές. προστέθειμε δὲ καὶ ταῦτα᾽.,εἰκότως ὁ Θεόφραστος ἀπαγορεύει μὴ θύειν τὰ ἔμψυχα τοὺς τῷ ὄντε εὐσεβεῖν
bōmous haimaxantōn.“ eita pollous logous diexelthōn, ephē mē choēnai theous hypolambanein tous tais dia xǭōn thysiais chairontas" einai gar adikōtaton to xǭothytein kai anosion kai mysaron kai blaberon kai dia touto mēde theois prosphiles. prostetheime de kai tauta᾽.,eikotōs ho Theophrastos apagoreuei mē thyein ta empsycha tous tǭ onte eusebein
bloodied the altars.' Then, going through many words, he said that one must not think those to be gods who rejoice in animal sacrifices; for sacrificing animals is most unjust, unholy, loathsome, and harmful, and for this reason not dear to the gods. He added this too: 'Rightly Theophrastus forbids those who truly wish to be pious to sacrifice living creatures,
Notes and citation
Summary: Porphyry and Theophrastus condemn animal sacrifice.
- Porphyry, On Abstinence 2.11–12, 2.24. The quotation ends in 7.41.
Extrabiblical texts: Porphyry, Abst. 2.11 (Porphyry, On Abstinence from Killing Animals; quotation); Theophrastus (Theophrastus, On Piety; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.40 (Raeder, 191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-40). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-40
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.41Raeder, 191
ἐθέλοντας, χρώμενος καὶ τοιαύταις ἄλλαις αἰτίαις.“ εἶτα δείκνυσι, τίνα θύειν προσήκει, καί φησιν “καὶ μὴν θύειν δεῖ ἐκεῖνα, ἃ θύοντες οὐδένα πημανοῦμεν. οὐδὲν γὰρ ὡς οτὸ θύειν ἀβλαβὲς εἶναι χρὴ πᾶσιν καὶ αὖ πάλιν' »ἀφεκτέον ἄρα τῶν ξῴων ἐν ταῖς θυσίαις.“ὀ ἀναμιμνήσκεν δὲ γαὶ τῶν πάλαι τολμηθεισῶν ἀνδροφονιῶν᾽,,ἐθύετος γάρ φησιν ἐν Ῥόδῳ μηνὶ ἹΜεταγειτνιῶνι ἕκτῃ ἱσταμένου ἄνθρωπὸς τῷ Κρφόνφ᾽ ὃ δὴ ἐπὶ πολὺ κρατῆσαν εἰς ἔθος μετεβλήθη. ἕνα γὰρ τῶν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ δημοσίᾳ κατακρυθέντων
ethelontas, chrōmenos kai toiautais allais aitiais.“ eita deiknysi, tina thyein prosēkei, kai phēsin “kai mēn thyein dei ekeina, ha thyontes oudena pēmanoumen. ouden gar hōs oto thyein ablabes einai chrē pasin kai au palin' »aphekteon ara tōn xǭōn en tais thysiais.“o anamimnēsken de gai tōn palai tolmētheisōn androphoniōn᾽,,ethyetos gar phēsin en Rhodǭ mēni HiMetageitniōni hektę̄ histamenou anthrōpos tǭ Krphonph᾽ ho dē epi poly kratēsan eis ethos meteblēthē. hena gar tōn epi thanatǭ dēmosią katakrythentōn
using other such reasons as well.' Then he shows what should be sacrificed, and says: 'Indeed one must sacrifice those things by sacrificing which we shall harm no one. For nothing should be so harmless to all as sacrifice.' And again: 'One must abstain from animals in sacrifices.' He also recalls the murders of human beings once dared: 'For in Rhodes,' he says, 'on the sixth of the month Metageitnion, a man was sacrificed to Cronus; and this, prevailing for long, was changed into a custom. For one of those publicly condemned to death
Notes and citation
Summary: Porphyry says only harmless offerings should be made and recalls human sacrifice at Rhodes.
- Porphyry, On Abstinence 2.12–13, 2.54. The quotation continues in 7.42.
Extrabiblical texts: Porphyry, Abst. 2.54 (Porphyry, On Abstinence from Killing Animals; quotation)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.41 (Raeder, 191; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-41). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-41
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.42Raeder, 192
μέχρι τῶν Κρονίων ξυνεῖχον εἶτα λέγει, ὡς καὶ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι τῆς Κύπρου ἄνθρωπος ἐθύετο τῇ Ἀγραύλῳ τῇ Κέκροπος, [ καὶ ἐν ᾿ἩΜουπόλει τῆς «Αἰγύπτου ἄνθρφωποι κατεσφάξοντο τρεῖς καθ' ἑχάστην ἡμέραν. καὶ «“Δακεδαιμογίους δέ φησι τῷ "άρει θύειν ἄνθρωπον, καὶ ἐν “Δαοδικείᾳ δὲ τῆς Συρίας καὶ ἐν Καρχηδόνι τῆς «Διβύης τοιαύτας πάλαι «θυσίας προσενεχθῆναι, καὶ τοὺς “Ἕλληνας εἰς πόλεμὸν ἐξιόντας ἀνθρωποθυτεῖν, καὶ ἄλλα δὲ πάμπολλα τοῖιαὔτα διέξεισιν.
mechri tōn Kroniōn xyneichon eita legei, hōs kai en Salamini tēs Kyprou anthrōpos ethyeto tę̄ Agraulǭ tę̄ Kekropos, [ kai en ᾿HēMoupolei tēs «Aigyptou anthrphōpoi katesphaxonto treis kath' hechastēn hēmeran. kai «“Dakedaimogious de phēsi tǭ "arei thyein anthrōpon, kai en “Daodikeią de tēs Syrias kai en Karchēdoni tēs «Dibyēs toiautas palai «thysias prosenechthēnai, kai tous “Hellēnas eis polemon exiontas anthrōpothytein, kai alla de pampolla toiiauta diexeisin.
they kept until the Cronia.' Then he says that in Salamis of Cyprus a man was sacrificed to Agraulus daughter of Cecrops, and in Heliopolis of Egypt three men were slaughtered each day. He also says the Lacedaemonians sacrificed a man to Ares, and that in Laodicea of Syria and in Carthage of Libya such sacrifices were once offered, and that the Greeks sacrificed human beings when going out to war; and he goes through very many other such things.
Notes and citation
Summary: Porphyry lists human sacrifices in many places.
- Porphyry, On Abstinence 2.54–56. The scan reads 'Hermopolis' for Heliopolis; Porphyry has Heliopolis.
Extrabiblical texts: Porphyry, Abst. 2.54–56 (Porphyry, On Abstinence from Killing Animals; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.42 (Raeder, 192; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-42). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-42
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.43Raeder, 192
καὶ Φίλων δὲ ὁ ἱστοριογράφος φησὶν Ἀριστομένη τὸν Μεσσήνιον τῷ Ἰθωμήτῃ Διὶ τριακοσίους ἀποσφάξαι. χαὶ ὁ Πλούταρχος "δὲ ξυνῳθὰ τούτοις Ἱστόρησε, καὶ ἕτεροι ξυγγραφεῖς πολλὰ τοιαῦτα ξυνέγραψαν᾽ καὶ τρας γῳδοποιοὶ. τοιάσδε ξυμφορὰς ἐτραγῴδησαν, Μενοικέως μὲν ἐν θήβαις, Κόδρου. δὲ ἐν ᾿Αθήναις - καὶ τῶν “Δεὼ -θυγατέρων.
kai Philōn de ho historiographos phēsin Aristomenē ton Messēnion tǭ Ithōmētę̄ Dii triakosious aposphaxai. chai ho Ploutarchos "de xynǭtha toutois Historēse, kai heteroi xyngrapheis polla toiauta xynegrapsan᾽ kai tras gǭdopoioi. toiasde xymphoras etragǭdēsan, Menoikeōs men en thēbais, Kodrou. de en ᾿Athēnais - kai tōn “Deō -thygaterōn.
Philo the historian also says that Aristomenes of Messene slaughtered three hundred men to Ithomatan Zeus. Plutarch recorded things in agreement with these, and other historians wrote many such things; and the tragedians made tragedies of such calamities, of Menoeceus in Thebes, of Codrus in Athens, and of the daughters of Leos.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Historians and tragedians also record human sacrifices.
- The 'Philo' cited is uncertain (perhaps Philo of Byblos, or a corruption of Myron of Priene, cited in Clement of Alexandria, Protr. 3.42).
Extrabiblical texts: Plutarch (Plutarch; allusion); Clement of Alexandria, Protr. 3.42 (Exhortation to the Greeks; echo)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.43 (Raeder, 192; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-43). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-43
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.44Raeder, 192
καὶ ῥῴδιον ἐντυχεῖν. τῷ βουλομένῳ ταῖς παλαιαῖς ἱστορίαις ᾿ καὶ γνῶναι, ὡς τῶν καλουμένων θεῶν ταῦτα κελευόντων ἐθύετο. ὃ δέ γε ποιητὴς καὶ δεσπότης πανταχῇ τῆς τοιαύτης παρανομίας. κατηγορεῖ, καὶ διὰ τοῦ Δαυὶδ μὲν βοᾷ' »καὶ ἔθυσαν τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας αὐτῶν τοῖς δαιμονίοιρ᾽ καὶ ἐξέχεαν αἷμα ἀθῷον, αἷμα οὗν αὐτῶν καὶ θυγατέρων, ὧν ἔθυσαν τοῖς γλυπτοῖς Χαναάν,“ διὰ δὲ τοῦ προφήτου ᾿Ιεξεκιὴλ πάλιν ἐπιμεμφόμενος λέγει" »παὶ ἔλαβες τοὺς υἱούς σου καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας σου, ἃς ἐγέννησάς μοι, καὶ προσήγαγες αὐτοὺς τοῖς ἐρασταῖς σου.
kai rhǭdion entychein. tǭ boulomenǭ tais palaiais historiais ᾿ kai gnōnai, hōs tōn kaloumenōn theōn tauta keleuontōn ethyeto. ho de ge poiētēs kai despotēs pantachę̄ tēs toiautēs paranomias. katēgorei, kai dia tou Dauid men boą' »kai ethysan tous huious autōn kai tas thygateras autōn tois daimonioir᾽ kai exechean haima athǭon, haima houn autōn kai thygaterōn, hōn ethysan tois glyptois Chanaan,“ dia de tou prophētou ᾿Iexekiēl palin epimemphomenos legei" »pai elabes tous huious sou kai tas thygateras sou, has egennēsas moi, kai prosēgages autous tois erastais sou.
Anyone who wishes can easily read the ancient histories and learn that these were sacrificed at the command of the so-called gods. But the Maker and Lord everywhere accuses such lawlessness, and through David cries: 'And they sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons; and they shed innocent blood, the blood of their sons and daughters, whom they sacrificed to the carved images of Canaan.' And through the prophet Ezekiel again he blames them, saying: 'And you took your sons and your daughters whom you bore to me and offered them to your lovers.
Ps 106:37–38 (105:37-Ps LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ezek 16:20 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Scripture condemns child sacrifice in Psalm 106 and Ezekiel 16.
- The quotation of Ezek 16:20 continues in 7.45.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.44 (Raeder, 192; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-44). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-44
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.45Raeder, 193
τοῦτο ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν τὴν πορνείαν σου.“ ταῦτα μὲν οὖν πάλαι παρ᾽ Ἑλλήνων καὶ Ῥωμαίων καὶ «Αἰγυπτίων, καὶ μέντοι καὶ Ἑβραίων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἐτολμᾶτο βαρβάρων᾽ μετὰ δὲ τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἐπιφάνειαν ἐκεῖνα μὲν ἔσβεσταὶ ἅπαντα, οἱ δὲ θεῖοι τῶν εὐαγγελίων πολιτεύονται νόμοι.
touto hyper pasan tēn porneian sou.“ tauta men oun palai par᾽ Hellēnōn kai Rhōmaiōn kai «Aigyptiōn, kai mentoi kai Hebraiōn kai tōn allōn etolmato barbarōn᾽ meta de tēn tou Theou kai Sōtēros hēmōn epiphaneian ekeina men esbestai hapanta, hoi de theioi tōn euangeliōn politeuontai nomoi.
This beyond all your harlotry.' These things were once dared by Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, and also by Hebrews and the other barbarians; but after the appearing of our God and Savior all those were quenched, and the divine laws of the Gospels govern life.
Ezek 16:20–22 (quotation, medium confidence) · Titus 2:13 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Human sacrifice ended with Christ's coming.
- The quotation is a paraphrase of Ezek 16:20–22 (LXX).
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.45 (Raeder, 193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-45). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-45
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.46Raeder, 193
ἐκείνας τραγῳδῶν τὰς μιαιφονίας Σοφοκλῆς ᾿ὖ ᾿4θηναῖος ἄριστα μὲν ἐθεολόγησεν, ἄγαν δὲ σοφῶς ἐκωμῴδησε τὰ τῶν δαιμόνων ἀγάλματα χαὶ τῶν θυσιῶν τὰς παρανόμους σφαγάς᾽ λέγει δὲ οὕτως..»εἷς ταῖς ἀληθείαισιν, εἷς ἐστιν θεός, ὃς οὐρανόν τ᾽ ἔτευξε καὶ γαῖαν μακρὴν πόντου τε χαροπὸν οἶδμα κἀνέμων βίας. θεητοὶ δὲ πολλοὶ καρδίαν πλανώμενοι ἰδρυσάμεσθα πημάτων παραψυχήν, θεῶν ἀγάλματ᾽ ἐκ λίθων ἢ χαλκέων ἢ χρυσοτεύκτων ἢ ἐλεφαντίγῶν τύπους᾽ θυσίας τε τούτοις χαὶ καλὰς πανηγύρεις
ekeinas tragǭdōn tas miaiphonias Sophoklēs ᾿y ᾿4thēnaios arista men etheologēsen, agan de sophōs ekōmǭdēse ta tōn daimonōn agalmata chai tōn thysiōn tas paranomous sphagas᾽ legei de houtōs..»heis tais alētheiaisin, heis estin theos, hos ouranon t᾽ eteuxe kai gaian makrēn pontou te charopon oidma kanemōn bias. theētoi de polloi kardian planōmenoi idrysamestha pēmatōn parapsychēn, theōn agalmat᾽ ek lithōn ē chalkeōn ē chrysoteuktōn ē elephantigōn typous᾽ thysias te toutois chai kalas panēgyreis
Making tragedy of those bloody murders, Sophocles of Athens spoke excellently of God and very wisely mocked the images of demons and the lawless slaughters of sacrifices. He speaks thus: 'One in truth, one is God, who made heaven and the long earth, the gleaming swell of the sea and the force of the winds. But we mortals, much wandering in heart, have set up as a consolation for our sufferings images of gods of stone or bronze, or figures wrought of gold or ivory; and crowning them with sacrifices and fine festivals,
Notes and citation
Summary: Sophocles is cited for one God and against idols.
- Ps.-Sophocles, a Jewish or Christian forgery known also from Ps.-Justin and Clement of Alexandria; Theodoret takes it as Sophocles. The quotation ends in 7.47.
Extrabiblical texts: Sophocles (Sophocles (plays and fragments); quotation)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.46 (Raeder, 193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-46). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-46
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.47Raeder, 193
στέφοντες, οὕτως εὐσεβεῖν νομίζομεν.“ τοιγάρτοι οὐ μόνον ἡμεῖς, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἵ ὑμέτερον ποιηταὶ καὶ ξυγγραφεῖς καὶ φιλόσοφοι ταῦτα γελῶσιν, ἃ θεῖα νομίζετε. ἐγὼ δὲ οἶμαι καὶ Σωκράτην τὸν Σωφρονίσκου τὸν ἀλεκτρυόνα θῦσαι κελεύειν, ἵνα τὴν κατ᾽ αὐτοῦ γεγενημένην διελέγξῃ γραφήν" ἐγρωψάτην γὰρ αὐτὸν "άνυτός τε καὶ Μέλητος, ὡς εἶναι θεοὺς οὐ νομίξοντα. ὅτι γὰρ ἀνενδεὲς τὸ θεῖον ἠπίστατο, σαφῶς ἐν ἑτέροις δεδήλωκεν.
stephontes, houtōs eusebein nomizomen.“ toigartoi ou monon hēmeis, alla kai hoi hymeteron poiētai kai xyngrapheis kai philosophoi tauta gelōsin, ha theia nomizete. egō de oimai kai Sōkratēn ton Sōphroniskou ton alektryona thysai keleuein, hina tēn kat᾽ autou gegenēmenēn dielenxę̄ graphēn" egrōpsatēn gar auton "anytos te kai Melētos, hōs einai theous ou nomixonta. hoti gar anendees to theion ēpistato, saphōs en heterois dedēlōken.
we think we are thus pious.' So not only we but also your poets, historians, and philosophers laugh at what you think divine. And I think that Socrates son of Sophroniscus ordered the cock to be sacrificed in order to refute the indictment brought against him; for Anytus and Meletus indicted him for not believing there are gods. For that he knew the divine to be without need he showed clearly elsewhere.
Notes and citation
Summary: Socrates' cock offering refuted the charge of atheism; he knew God needs nothing.
- Plato, Phaedo 118a; Apology 24b.
Extrabiblical texts: Sophocles (Sophocles (plays and fragments); quotation); Plato, Phaed. 118a (Plato (works); allusion)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.47 (Raeder, 193; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-47). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-47
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.48Raeder, 194
αὐτοῦ γὰρ δὴ καὶ ταῦτα, εἴπερ δὴ ἄρα ὁ Πλάτων τὰ ἐκείνου ξυνέγραψε δόγματα" ργθὺ γὰρ χρείας ἕνεκα ὃ θεὸς πεποίηκε. τὸν κόσμον, ἵνα τιμάς τε πρὸς ἀνθρώπων καὶ πρὸς θεῶν ἄλλων καὶ δαιμόνων κχαρποῖτο, οἷον πρόσοδόν τινα ἀπὸ τῆς γενέσεως ἀρνύμενος, παρὰ μὲν ἡμῶν καπνούς, παρὰ δὲ θεῶν καὶ δαιμόνων οἰκείας λειτουργίας.“ ἄντιπμρυς δὲ διὰ τούτων δεδήλωχεν, ὡς οὐδενὸς μὲν δεῖται τὸ θεῖον, καπνοῦ δὲ πλέον οὐδὲν ἔχουσιν αἵ τοιαῦται θυσίαι, καὶ καπνοῦ δυσοσμίας μεστοῦ.
autou gar dē kai tauta, eiper dē ara ho Platōn ta ekeinou xynegrapse dogmata" rgthy gar chreias heneka ho theos pepoiēke. ton kosmon, hina timas te pros anthrōpōn kai pros theōn allōn kai daimonōn kcharpoito, hoion prosodon tina apo tēs geneseōs arnymenos, para men hēmōn kapnous, para de theōn kai daimonōn oikeias leitourgias.“ antipmrys de dia toutōn dedēlōchen, hōs oudenos men deitai to theion, kapnou de pleon ouden echousin hai toiautai thysiai, kai kapnou dysosmias mestou.
For this too is his, if Plato wrote down his doctrines: 'For God did not make the world out of need, so as to reap honors from human beings and other gods and demons, collecting a sort of revenue from creation, from us smoke and from gods and demons their proper services.' By these he plainly showed that the divine needs nothing, and that such sacrifices hold nothing more than smoke, and smoke full of stench.
Notes and citation
Summary: God made the world without need; sacrifices are mere smoke.
- The same quotation as in 4.34; its source is uncertain (not in Plato's extant works).
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.48 (Raeder, 194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-48). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-48
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
7.49Raeder, 194
Ταῦτα δὴ οὖν καὶ παρὰ τῶν ὑμετέρων διδασκάλων μεμαθηκότες καὶ παρὰ τῶν θείων λογίων, παρ᾽ ὧν ταῦτα σεσύληται, τὴν διδασκαλίαν πρατύναντες, τὰ μὲν ὀψοποιοῖς καὶ κρεοπώλαις ἁρμόττοντα μισήσατε θύματα, τὴν δὲ τῆς αἰνέσεως θυσίαν τῷ ποιητῇ προσενέγκατε. πευθέτω δὲ ὑμᾶς τοῦτο ποιεῖν, μὴ τῶν βασιλευόντων οἵ νόμον μηδὲ τῆς τιμωρίας τὸ δέος, ἀλλὰ τῆς ἀληθείας τὸ κράτος, ὃ πάσῃ γῇ καὶ θαλάττῃ γεγένηται γνώριμον. ᾿
Tauta dē oun kai para tōn hymeterōn didaskalōn memathēkotes kai para tōn theiōn logiōn, par᾽ hōn tauta sesylētai, tēn didaskalian pratynantes, ta men opsopoiois kai kreopōlais harmottonta misēsate thymata, tēn de tēs aineseōs thysian tǭ poiētę̄ prosenenkate. peuthetō de hymas touto poiein, mē tōn basileuontōn hoi nomon mēde tēs timōrias to deos, alla tēs alētheias to kratos, ho pasę̄ gę̄ kai thalattę̄ gegenētai gnōrimon. ᾿
Having learned these things from your own teachers, and having confirmed the teaching from the divine oracles from which they were stolen, hate the victims that suit cooks and butchers, and offer the Maker the sacrifice of praise. Let what persuades you to do this be not the laws of rulers nor the fear of punishment, but the power of truth, which has become known to all land and sea.
Heb 13:15 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Theodoret urges readers to offer the sacrifice of praise, persuaded by truth.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 7.49 (Raeder, 194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-49). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/7-49
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 8
8.1Raeder, 194
Πυθαγόραν ἐκεῖνον, οὗ κλέος εὐρὺ παρ᾽ ὑμῖν, εἰρηκέναι φασὶν οἱ τὰ ἐκείνου ξυγγεγραφότες, ὡς χρὴ τῶν Σειρήνων προτιθέναι τὰς Μούσας. ἐγὼ δέ, εἰ μὲν ἁπλοῖς ἐκεῖνος καὶ διαφανέσιν εἰώθει κεχρῆσθαι λόγοις, ὥσπερ δὴ καὶ ἄλλοι τῶν φιλοσόφων τινές, ἔφην ἂν αὐτὸν ὡς ἡδίω τὴν τῶν ἹΜουσῶν πρόκξπριπέναι φωνήν᾽ ἐπειδὴ δὲ αἰνιγματώδεις οἵ ἐκείνου γε λόγοι καὶ ὕφαλοι (ξυμβολικῶς γάρ τοι τὰς παραιενέσεις προσέφερε᾽ τοιοῦτο γὰρ δὴ τὸ μαχαίρῃ πῦρ μὴ σκαλεύειν“ καὶ.,ἐπὶ χοίνικος μὴ καθῆσθαι καὶ ομελάνουρον μὴ ἐσθίευν(ς καὶ οζυγὸν μὴ ὑπερβαίνειν καὶ τἄλλα τὰ τούτοις ξυντεταγμένα), οἶμαι αὐτὸν Σειρῆσι μὲν ἀπεικάσαι τοὺς κεκομψευμένους καὶ κατεγλωττισμένους λόγους, Μούσαις δὲ τοὺς ἐπείσαλτον μὲν οὐδὲν ἔχοντας, γυμνὸν δὲ τῆς ἀληθείας τὸ κάλλος ἐπιδεικνύντας. ὅσῳ γὰρ ἡ παρὰ τῆς φύσεως ὥρα τῆς ὑπὸ κομμωτικῆς τέχνης διεσκευασμένης ἀμείνων, τοσούτῳ κρείττων τῆς τῶν λόγων εὐεπείας τε παὶ δεινότητος ἡ τῆς ἀληθείας εὐπρέπεια.
Pythagoran ekeinon, hou kleos eury par᾽ hymin, eirēkenai phasin hoi ta ekeinou xyngegraphotes, hōs chrē tōn Seirēnōn protithenai tas Mousas. egō de, ei men haplois ekeinos kai diaphanesin eiōthei kechrēsthai logois, hōsper dē kai alloi tōn philosophōn tines, ephēn an auton hōs hēdiō tēn tōn HiMousōn prokxpripenai phōnēn᾽ epeidē de ainigmatōdeis hoi ekeinou ge logoi kai hyphaloi (xymbolikōs gar toi tas paraieneseis prosephere᾽ toiouto gar dē to machairę̄ pyr mē skaleuein“ kai.,epi choinikos mē kathēsthai kai omelanouron mē esthieun(s kai ozygon mē hyperbainein kai talla ta toutois xyntetagmena), oimai auton Seirēsi men apeikasai tous kekompseumenous kai kateglōttismenous logous, Mousais de tous epeisalton men ouden echontas, gymnon de tēs alētheias to kallos epideiknyntas. hosǭ gar hē para tēs physeōs hōra tēs hypo kommōtikēs technēs dieskeuasmenēs ameinōn, tosoutǭ kreittōn tēs tōn logōn euepeias te pai deinotētos hē tēs alētheias euprepeia.
That Pythagoras, whose fame is wide among you, is said by those who wrote about him to have said that one should put the Muses before the Sirens. If he had been accustomed to use simple and clear words, as some other philosophers did, I would have said that he preferred the voice of the Muses as sweeter; but since his words are enigmatic and hidden (for he gave his precepts in symbols, such as 'Do not stir the fire with a knife', 'Do not sit on a measure', 'Do not eat the black-tail', 'Do not step over a yoke', and the others ranked with these), I think he likened to the Sirens words that are dressed up and glib, and to the Muses words that have nothing imported but show the naked beauty of truth. For as much as nature's bloom is better than that prepared by the art of adornment, so much is the comeliness of truth superior to the eloquence and cleverness of words.
Notes and citation
Summary: Pythagoras's preference of Muses to Sirens means plain truth over ornate speech.
- The Pythagorean symbols are well known from Diogenes Laertius 8.17–18 and elsewhere.
Extrabiblical texts: Diogenes Laertius, 8.17–18 (Diogenes Laertius, Lives of the Eminent Philosophers; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.1 (Raeder, 194; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.2Raeder, 195
πιστευτέον οὖν ἄρα, ὦ ἄνδρες, εἰ καὶ μὴ ἄλλῳ, τῷ γοῦν πολυθρυλήτῳ φιλοσόφῳ ταῦτα νομοθετοῦντι, καὶ τὰ θεῖα λόγια μὴ παροπτέα νομίἕξειν, ὅτι δὴ τῷ περιττῷ τῶν λόγων οὐ κατακέχρηνται φύσει, ἀλλὰ γυμνὸν ἡμῖν προσφέρουσι καὶ ἀποστίλβον τῆς ἀληθείας τὸ κάλλος. εὐπετὲς μὲν γὰρ ἦν καὶ μάλα δῴδιον τῇ τῆς σοφίας πηγῇ, ἣ καὶ δυσσεβέσιν ἀνθρώποις τὴν καλουμένην εὐστομίαν δεδώρηται, καὶ Πλάτωνος εὐγλωττοτέρους καὶ δεινοτέρους 4ημοσθένους καὶ ὕγκῳ τὸν Ὀλόρου κατακρύπτοντας καὶ τὸν Νικομάχου καὶ Χρύσιππον τοῖς τῶν ξυλλογισμῶν ἀλύτοις δεσμοῖς ἀποφῆναι τῆς ἀληθείας τοὺς
pisteuteon oun ara, ō andres, ei kai mē allǭ, tǭ goun polythrylētǭ philosophǭ tauta nomothetounti, kai ta theia logia mē paroptea nomiexein, hoti dē tǭ perittǭ tōn logōn ou katakechrēntai physei, alla gymnon hēmin prospherousi kai apostilbon tēs alētheias to kallos. eupetes men gar ēn kai mala dǭdion tę̄ tēs sophias pēgę̄, hē kai dyssebesin anthrōpois tēn kaloumenēn eustomian dedōrētai, kai Platōnos euglōttoterous kai deinoterous 4ēmosthenous kai hynkǭ ton Olorou katakryptontas kai ton Nikomachou kai Chrysippon tois tōn xyllogismōn alytois desmois apophēnai tēs alētheias tous
So, gentlemen, we must believe, if no one else, at least that famous philosopher who legislated this, and not think the divine oracles to be disregarded because they have not used superfluity of words but offer us the naked and gleaming beauty of truth. For it was easy and very simple for the spring of wisdom, which has given even impious men what is called eloquence, to make the heralds of truth more eloquent than Plato, cleverer than Demosthenes, surpassing the son of Olorus in grandeur, and the son of Nicomachus and Chrysippus in the unbreakable bonds of syllogisms;
Notes and citation
Summary: God could have made the apostles eloquent, but chose not to.
- The son of Olorus is Thucydides. The sentence continues in 8.3.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.2 (Raeder, 195; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.3Raeder, 196
κήρυκας, ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἐβουλήθη πέντε ἢ δέκα ἢ πεντεκαίδεκα ἢ ἑκατὸν ἢ δὶς τοσούτους τῶν σωτηρίων ἀπολαῦσαι ναμάτῶν, ἀλλὰ πάντας ἀνθρώπους͵ καὶ Ῥλληνὰς καὶ βαρβάρους, καὶ τοὺς λόγοις ἐντεθραμμένους καὶ τοὺς λόγων οὐ γεγευμένους, καὶ σκυτέως καὶ ὑφάντας | καὶ χαλκοντύπους καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους, ὅσοι τὰς τέχνας μεταχειρίξουσι, καὶ πρὸς τούτοῖς καὶ οἰκέτας καὶ προσαίτας καὶ γηπόνους καὶ ἀλσοκόμους καὶ γυναῖκας ὡσαύτως, τάς τὲ πλούτῳ περιρρεομένας καὶ τὰς πόνῳ ξυνεζευγμένας καὶ ἐκ χειρῶν βιοτεύειν ἡναγκασμένας.
kērykas, all᾽ ouk eboulēthē pente ē deka ē pentekaideka ē hekaton ē dis tosoutous tōn sōtēriōn apolausai namatōn, alla pantas anthrōpous͵ kai Rhllēnas kai barbarous, kai tous logois entethrammenous kai tous logōn ou gegeumenous, kai skyteōs kai hyphantas | kai chalkontypous kai tous allous, hosoi tas technas metacheirixousi, kai pros toutois kai oiketas kai prosaitas kai gēponous kai alsokomous kai gynaikas hōsautōs, tas te ploutǭ perirreomenas kai tas ponǭ xynezeugmenas kai ek cheirōn bioteuein hēnankasmenas.
but he did not wish five or ten or fifteen or a hundred or twice as many to enjoy the saving streams, but all human beings, Greeks and barbarians, those brought up on letters and those who never tasted them, shoemakers, weavers, bronze-smiths, and all others who work at crafts, and besides them slaves, beggars, farmers, and gardeners, and women likewise, both those flowing with wealth and those yoked to toil and forced to live by their hands.
1 Tim 2:4 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: God wished all people, learned and unlearned, to be saved.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.3 (Raeder, 196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.4Raeder, 196
τούτου δὴ εἵνεκα ἁλιεῦσι καὶ τελώναις καὶ σπυτοτόμῳ χρησάμενος ὑπουργοῖς, προσενήνοηγε τοῖς ἀνθρώποῖς τὰ σωτήρια καὶ θεῖα μαθήματα, τὰς μὲν γλώττας αὖτῶν, ἃς ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἔλαχον, οὐκ ἀμείψας, τὰ δέ γε διειδῆ καὶ διαυγῆ τῆς σοφίας νάματα διὰ τούτων προχέαρ᾽ παραπλήσιον ποιῶν, ὥσπερ ἂν εἶ τις ἑστιάτωρ οἶνον ἀνθοσμίαν καὶ εὐώδη καὶ ἄριστον προσενέγκοι τοῖς δαιτυμόσι, κύλιξι καὶ φιάλαις ἐγχέας οὐκ ἠσκημέναις εἰς κάλλος, ἀλλ΄ οἵ γε διψῶντες ἐπεμφοροῦνται τοῦ νάματος; οὐκ εἰς τὰς κύλικας ἀφορῶντες.
toutou dē heineka halieusi kai telōnais kai spytotomǭ chrēsamenos hypourgois, prosenēnoēge tois anthrōpois ta sōtēria kai theia mathēmata, tas men glōttas autōn, has ex archēs elachon, ouk ameipsas, ta de ge dieidē kai diaugē tēs sophias namata dia toutōn prochear᾽ paraplēsion poiōn, hōsper an ei tis hestiatōr oinon anthosmian kai euōdē kai ariston prosenenkoi tois daitymosi, kylixi kai phialais encheas ouk ēskēmenais eis kallos, all΄ hoi ge dipsōntes epemphorountai tou namatos? ouk eis tas kylikas aphorōntes.
For this reason, using fishermen, tax collectors, and a leather-worker as servants, he offered human beings the saving and divine teachings, not changing the tongues they received from the beginning, but pouring out through them the clear and transparent streams of wisdom; doing something like a host who serves his guests a fragrant, sweet-smelling, excellent wine, pouring it into cups and bowls not worked for beauty; yet the thirsty take their fill of the drink, not looking at the cups
Notes and citation
Summary: God served the wine of wisdom in the plain cups of the apostles.
- The sentence continues in 8.5.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.4 (Raeder, 196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.5Raeder, 196
ἀλλὰ τὸν οἶνον θαυμάξοντες. τοῦτο πάντες ἄνθρωποι δρῶντες διατελοῦσι" καὶ τῶν θείων ἀπολαύοντες φείθρων, οὐ μόνον οὐ κωμῳδοῦσι τῶν ἀποστόλων τὰς γλώττας, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄγαν θαυμάζουσιν, ὅτι δὴ λόγων στωμύλων ὄντες ἀμύητοι, καὶ οἵ μὲν ἁλιεύειν. παιδόθεν μεμαθηκότες, οἱ δὲ τελωνικμοῖς ἐργαστηρίοις προσηδρευκότες, ἄλλοι δὲ σκυτοτομικὴν μεταχειρίσαντες τέχνην, ἀπεφάνθησαν ἐξαίφνης θείων λόγων διάκονοι καὶ δωρεῶν ἐπουρανίων διανομεῖς,. καὶ σωτῆρες ἀλεξίκακον καὶ φωστῆρες φανότατοι, οὐχ ἕν ἔθνος φωτίξοντες, ἀλλ᾽ ὕσαπερ ὁ ὁρώμενος ἥλιος.
alla ton oinon thaumaxontes. touto pantes anthrōpoi drōntes diatelousi" kai tōn theiōn apolauontes pheithrōn, ou monon ou kōmǭdousi tōn apostolōn tas glōttas, alla kai agan thaumazousin, hoti dē logōn stōmylōn ontes amyētoi, kai hoi men halieuein. paidothen memathēkotes, hoi de telōnikmois ergastēriois prosēdreukotes, alloi de skytotomikēn metacheirisantes technēn, apephanthēsan exaiphnēs theiōn logōn diakonoi kai dōreōn epouraniōn dianomeis,. kai sōtēres alexikakon kai phōstēres phanotatoi, ouch hen ethnos phōtixontes, all᾽ hysaper ho horōmenos hēlios.
but admiring the wine. All human beings keep doing this; and enjoying the divine streams, they not only do not mock the tongues of the apostles but greatly admire them, because, though uninitiated in fluent speech, some having learned fishing from childhood, others having sat in tax booths, others having practiced shoemaking, they were suddenly shown to be ministers of divine words and distributors of heavenly gifts, saviors who ward off evil and most brilliant lights, illumining not one nation but as many as the visible sun does.
Phil 2:15 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The unlettered apostles became lights to all nations.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.5 (Raeder, 196; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.6Raeder, 197
ἄγανται δὲ διαφερόντως ἅπαντες καὶ θαυμάζουσιν, ὅτε δὴ καὶ ετεθνεῶτες ἐπιτελοῦσιν, ἅπερ δὴ καὶ περιόντες εἰώθεσαν ἐνεργεῖν, μᾶλλον δὲ πολλῷ μείζονα καὶ λαμπρότερα τὰ μετὰ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ἐκδημίαν παρ᾽ ἐκείνων. τελούμενα. ἡνίκα μὲν γὰρ μετὰ τῶν σωμάτων ἐπολιτεύοντο, νῦν μὲν παρὰ τούποὺς, νῦν δὲ παρ᾽ ἐκείνους ἐφοίτων... καὶ ἄλλοτε μὲν Ῥωμαίοις, ἄλλοτε δὲ “Ἰσπανοῖς ἢ Κελτοῖς διελέγοντο᾽ ἐπειδὴ δὲ πρὸς ἐκεῖνον ἐξεδήμησαν, ὑφ᾽ οὗ κατεπέμφθησαν, ἅπαντες αὐτῶν ἐνδελεχῶς ἀπολαύουσιν, οὐ μόνον Ῥωμαῖοι, καὶ ὅσοι. γὲ τὸν τούτων ἀγαπῶσι ζυγὸν καὶ ὑπὸ τούτων ἰθύνονται, ἐλλὰ καὶ Πέρσαι καὶ Σκύθαι καὶ Μασσαγέται καὶ Σαυρομάται καὶ Ἰνδοὶ καὶ Αἰθίοπες, καὶ ξυλλήβδην εἰπεῖν ἅπαντα τῆς οἰκουμένης τὰ τέρματα.
agantai de diapherontōs hapantes kai thaumazousin, hote dē kai etethneōtes epitelousin, haper dē kai periontes eiōthesan energein, mallon de pollǭ meizona kai lamprotera ta meta tēn enteuthen ekdēmian par᾽ ekeinōn. teloumena. hēnika men gar meta tōn sōmatōn epoliteuonto, nyn men para toupous, nyn de par᾽ ekeinous ephoitōn... kai allote men Rhōmaiois, allote de “Ispanois ē Keltois dielegonto᾽ epeidē de pros ekeinon exedēmēsan, hyph᾽ hou katepemphthēsan, hapantes autōn endelechōs apolauousin, ou monon Rhōmaioi, kai hosoi. ge ton toutōn agapōsi zygon kai hypo toutōn ithynontai, ella kai Persai kai Skythai kai Massagetai kai Sauromatai kai Indoi kai Aithiopes, kai xyllēbdēn eipein hapanta tēs oikoumenēs ta termata.
All especially wonder and marvel that even when dead they accomplish what they used to do while living, or rather that what they accomplish after their departure from here is much greater and more brilliant. When they lived with their bodies they went now to these, now to those, and spoke at one time with Romans, at another with Spaniards or Celts; but since they departed to the one who sent them, all enjoy them continually, not only Romans and those who love their yoke and are governed by them, but also Persians, Scythians, Massagetae, Sauromatians, Indians, and Ethiopians, and, in a word, all the ends of the world.
Notes and citation
Summary: After death the apostles benefit all nations.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.6 (Raeder, 197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.7Raeder, 197
τὰ γὰρ δὴ τούτων ξυγγράμματα, ἁπλᾶ γε ὄντα καὶ τῆς ᾿Ελληνικῆς γεγυμνωμένα λαμπρότητος, καὶ μὲν δὴ καὶ σμικρὰ καὶ ὀλίγα, πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐστὶν ἀξιέραστα, πλὴν ὑμῶν καὶ εἴ τις ὑμῖν παραπλησίως τὴν τῆς ἀπιστίας παταπεχυμένην ἔχων ἀχλύν. ἰδεῖν οὐκ ἐθέλει τῆς ἀληθείας τὴν αἴγλην. οὐ μόνον δὲ τῆς Ἕλληνιπῆς ταῦτα κομψείας γεγύμνωται, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν πραγμάτῶν, ὧν πέρι διδάσκει, τὴν φύσιν οὐ σεμνήν τινα ἔχει καὶ περιφανῆ καὶ περίβλεπτον.
ta gar dē toutōn xyngrammata, hapla ge onta kai tēs ᾿Ellēnikēs gegymnōmena lamprotētos, kai men dē kai smikra kai oliga, pasin anthrōpois estin axierasta, plēn hymōn kai ei tis hymin paraplēsiōs tēn tēs apistias patapechymenēn echōn achlyn. idein ouk ethelei tēs alētheias tēn aiglēn. ou monon de tēs Hellēnipēs tauta kompseias gegymnōtai, alla kai tōn pragmatōn, hōn peri didaskei, tēn physin ou semnēn tina echei kai periphanē kai periblepton.
For their writings, simple and stripped of Greek brilliance, and small and few, are lovable to all human beings, except you and anyone like you who, having the mist of unbelief poured over him, will not see the radiance of truth. And they are stripped not only of Greek elegance; the nature of the things they teach is not grand, conspicuous, or admired either.
Notes and citation
Summary: The apostolic writings are plain in style and in subject.
Topics: Scripture and canon
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.7 (Raeder, 197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.8Raeder, 197
οὐ γὰρ ὁρωμένην τινὰ τοῖς θιασώταις ἐπιδείκνυσι βασιλείαν, ἁλουργίδει κοσμουμένην καὶ στεφάνῳ λαμπρυνομένην καὶ τῷ τῶν ἀσπιδηφόρων καὶ δορυφόρων χαὶ πλήθει καὶ μεγέθει σεμνυνομένην | καὶ τόσην ἔχουσαν στρατιὰν καὶ στρατηγοὺς ἀριστεύειν ἐν πολέμοις δεδιδαγμένους καὶ τἄλλα, ὅσα πολυθρυλήτους τοὺς κεκτημένους ποιεῖ, ἀλλὰ σπήλαιον καὶ φάτνην καὶ παρθένον χερνῆτιν καὶ βρέφος εὐτελέσι σπαργάνοις ἐνειλημένον καὶ ἐπὶ κενῆς ἐρριμμένον τῆς φάτνης καὶ χωρίον ἄδοξον καὶ σμικρόν, ἐν ᾧ ταῦτα ἐγένετο, καὶ αὖ πάλιν πενίαν αὐξηθέντος τοῦ βρέφους καὶ πεῖναν καὶ δίψος παἱ τὸν ἐξ ὁδοιπορίας πόνον καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα τὸ παρὰ πάντων ἀδόμενον πάθος, τὰς ἐπὶ κόρρης πληγάς, τὰς κατὰ νώτου μάστιγας; τὸ ἰπρίον, τοὺς ἥλους, τὴν χολήν, τὸ ὄξος, τὸν θάνατον.
ou gar horōmenēn tina tois thiasōtais epideiknysi basileian, halourgidei kosmoumenēn kai stephanǭ lamprynomenēn kai tǭ tōn aspidēphorōn kai doryphorōn chai plēthei kai megethei semnynomenēn | kai tosēn echousan stratian kai stratēgous aristeuein en polemois dedidagmenous kai talla, hosa polythrylētous tous kektēmenous poiei, alla spēlaion kai phatnēn kai parthenon chernētin kai brephos eutelesi sparganois eneilēmenon kai epi kenēs errimmenon tēs phatnēs kai chōrion adoxon kai smikron, en hǭ tauta egeneto, kai au palin penian auxēthentos tou brephous kai peinan kai dipsos pai ton ex hodoiporias ponon kai meta tauta to para pantōn adomenon pathos, tas epi korrēs plēgas, tas kata nōtou mastigas? to iprion, tous hēlous, tēn cholēn, to oxos, ton thanaton.
For they do not show their followers a visible kingdom adorned with purple, brilliant with a crown, dignified by the number and size of shield-bearers and spearmen, having a great army and generals trained to excel in wars, and the other things that make their owners famous; but a cave, a manger, a working virgin, a baby wrapped in cheap swaddling clothes and laid in an empty manger, an obscure small place where this happened; and again, as the baby grew, poverty, hunger and thirst, the toil of travel, and after this the passion sung by all: the blows on the cheek, the scourges on the back, the wood, the nails, the gall, the vinegar, the death.
Luke 2:7 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 27:26–50 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: The Gospels tell of a lowly birth and a shameful death.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.8 (Raeder, 197; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.9Raeder, 198
ἀλλ᾽ ὅμως ταῦτα καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα διηγούμενα τῶν ἀποστόλων τὰ ξυγγράμματα ἔπεισεν ὅπαντας ἀνθρώπους, ὅτι υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Θεὸς προαιώνιος καὶ τῶν ἁπάντων ποιητὴς καὶ δημιουργὸς ὁ τὴν ἀνθρωπείαν ὑποδὺς φύσιν παὶ διὰ ταύτῆς τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πραγματευσάμενος σωτηρίαν. καὶ οὐχ ἁπλῶς ἔπεισεν, ἀλλὰ τοσαύτην γε πίστιν τοῖς πλείστοις ἐντέθεικεν, ὡς ἥδιστα τὸν ὑπὲρ τῶνδε τῶν δογμάτων "καταδέξασθοανι θάνατον καὶ τοῖς ἀρνηθῆναν κελεύουσιν --ἥκιστα μὲν προέσθαι τὰς γλώττας, προτεῖναι δὲ τὰ νῶτά τοῖς ἐθέλουσι μαστιγοῦν καὶ λαμπάσι καὶ ὄνυξι τὰς πλευρὰς καὶ τοὺς αὐχένας ὑποθεῖναι τοῖς ξίφεσι καὶ ἀποτυμπανισθῆναι προθύμως καὶ ἀνασκινδυλευθῆναι, καὶ μέντοι καὶ ἐμπρησθῆναν καὶ θῆρας ἀγρίους ἰδεῖν θοινωμένους τὰ σώματα.
all᾽ homōs tauta kai ta toiauta diēgoumena tōn apostolōn ta xyngrammata epeisen hopantas anthrōpous, hoti huios tou Theou kai Theos proaiōnios kai tōn hapantōn poiētēs kai dēmiourgos ho tēn anthrōpeian hypodys physin pai dia tautēs tēn tōn anthrōpōn pragmateusamenos sōtērian. kai ouch haplōs epeisen, alla tosautēn ge pistin tois pleistois entetheiken, hōs hēdista ton hyper tōnde tōn dogmatōn "katadexasthoani thanaton kai tois arnēthēnan keleuousin --hēkista men proesthai tas glōttas, proteinai de ta nōta tois ethelousi mastigoun kai lampasi kai onyxi tas pleuras kai tous auchenas hypotheinai tois xiphesi kai apotympanisthēnai prothymōs kai anaskindyleuthēnai, kai mentoi kai emprēsthēnan kai thēras agrious idein thoinōmenous ta sōmata.
Yet the writings of the apostles that narrate these and the like persuaded all human beings that the Son of God, God before the ages, Maker and Creator of all things, is the one who entered human nature and through it accomplished human salvation. And they did not merely persuade, but put such faith in most that they gladly accepted death for these doctrines, and to those who ordered them to deny, they by no means gave up their tongues, but offered their backs to those who wished to scourge them, their sides to torches and claws, and their necks to the swords, and eagerly let themselves be cudgeled and impaled, and even burned, and saw wild beasts feasting on their bodies.
Notes and citation
Summary: The apostolic message persuaded many to die as martyrs.
Topics: Martyrdom, Christology
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.9 (Raeder, 198; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-9
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.10Raeder, 199
τῷ τοι καὶ ἄσβεστον αὐτοῖς ὁ ἀγωνοθέτης ἐδωρήσατο πλέος καὶ μνήμην νικῶσαν τοῦ χρόνου τὴν φύσιν. μαραίνειν γὰρ δὴ οὗτος ἅπαντα πεφυκώς, τὴν τούτων ἀμάραντον διετήρησε δόξαν. καὶ αἵ μὲν γενναῖαν τῶν νιπηφόρων ψυχαὶ περιπολοῦσι τὸν οὐρανόν, τοῖς ἀσωμάτων χοροῖς ξυγχορεύουσαι᾿ τὰ δὲ σώματα οὐχ εἷς ἑνὸς ἑκάστου κατακρύπτει τάφος, ἀλλὰ πόλεις καὶ κῶμαι ταῦτα διανειμάμεναι σωτῆρας καὶ ψυχῶν καὶ σωμάτων καὶ ἰατροὺς ὀνομάζουσι καὶ ὡς πολιούχους τιμῶσι καὶ φύλακας᾽ καὶ χρώμενοι πρεσβευταῖς πρὸς τὸν τῶν ὕλων δεσπότην, διὰ τούτων τὰς θείας πκομίζονταν δωρεάς" καὶ μερισθέντος τοῦ σώματος, ἀμέριστος ἡ χάρις μεμένηκεν.
tǭ toi kai asbeston autois ho agōnothetēs edōrēsato pleos kai mnēmēn nikōsan tou chronou tēn physin. marainein gar dē houtos hapanta pephykōs, tēn toutōn amaranton dietērēse doxan. kai hai men gennaian tōn nipēphorōn psychai peripolousi ton ouranon, tois asōmatōn chorois xynchoreuousai᾿ ta de sōmata ouch heis henos hekastou katakryptei taphos, alla poleis kai kōmai tauta dianeimamenai sōtēras kai psychōn kai sōmatōn kai iatrous onomazousi kai hōs poliouchous timōsi kai phylakas᾽ kai chrōmenoi presbeutais pros ton tōn hylōn despotēn, dia toutōn tas theias pkomizontan dōreas" kai meristhentos tou sōmatos, ameristos hē charis memenēken.
That is why the Judge of the contest gave them unquenchable glory and a memory that conquers the nature of time. For time, whose nature is to wither all things, has kept their glory unwithering. The noble souls of the victors move about heaven, dancing with the choirs of the bodiless; and their bodies are not each hidden in one tomb, but cities and villages, sharing them out, call them saviors and physicians of souls and bodies, honor them as guardians and protectors of cities, and using them as ambassadors to the Lord of the universe, obtain the divine gifts through them; and though the body is divided, the grace has remained undivided.
Notes and citation
Summary: Martyrs' souls are in heaven; their relics are honored and their intercession sought.
- Theodoret describes the cult of martyrs and their relics in his day.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.10 (Raeder, 199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-10
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
8.11Raeder, 199
καὶ τὸ σμιπρὸν ἐκεῖνο καὶ βραχύτατον λείψανον τὴν ἴσην ἔχει δύναμιν τῷ μηδαμῇ μηδαμῶς διανεμηθέντι μάρτυρι. ἡ γὰρ ἐπανθοῦσα χάρις διανέμει τὰ δῶρα, τῇ πίστει τῶν προσιόντων τὴν φιλοτιμίαν μετροῦσα. ὑμᾶς δὲ οὐδὲ ταῦτα πείθει τὸν τούτων ὑμνῆσαι Θεόν, ἀλλὰ γελᾶτε καὶ κωμῳδεῖτε τὸ τούτοις παρὰ πάντων προσφερόμενον γέρας καὶ μύσος ὑπολαμβάνετε τὸ πελάζειν τοῖς τάφοις.
kai to smipron ekeino kai brachytaton leipsanon tēn isēn echei dynamin tǭ mēdamę̄ mēdamōs dianemēthenti martyri. hē gar epanthousa charis dianemei ta dōra, tę̄ pistei tōn prosiontōn tēn philotimian metrousa. hymas de oude tauta peithei ton toutōn hymnēsai Theon, alla gelate kai kōmǭdeite to toutois para pantōn prospheromenon geras kai mysos hypolambanete to pelazein tois taphois.
And that small and tiny relic has power equal to the martyr never divided at all. For the grace that flourishes distributes the gifts, measuring its generosity by the faith of those who come. But not even these things persuade you to hymn their God; you laugh and mock the honor offered them by all and think it pollution to approach the tombs.
Notes and citation
Summary: Even a small relic carries the martyr's grace, which pagans mock.
Topics: Martyrdom
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Graec. aff. cur. 8.11 (Raeder, 199; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-graecarum-affectionum-curatio/8-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Raeder's Greek text (Teubner 1904; OCR by this project); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.