Jude 1 in the early church

121 passages quote, allude to, or echo Jude 1, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 19 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25

Jude 1 as a whole

ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1Lines 61–70 · Anonymousallusion, high confidencelate 2nd or 4th century (disputed)
Jude 1Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 50 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
Jude 1Canon 60 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 343–381
Jude 1Canon 47 · Anonymousallusion, high confidence397

Jude 1:1

Jude, a servant of Jesus Christ and a brother of James, To those who are called, loved by God the Father, and kept in Jesus Christ:

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:1–23Adumbrations on Jude, paragraph 1 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceoriginal ca. 200; Latin translation 6th century
Jude 1:1Commentary on Matthew 10.17 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
Jude 1:1Commentary on Matthew 13.27 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
Jude 1:1–8On Not Agreeing with Heretics 15 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
Jude 1:1Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 26.11.3 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, medium confidence374-377

Jude 1:2

Mercy, peace, and love be multiplied to you.

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ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:2To the Philippians, inscription · Polycarp of Smyrnaecho, low confidenceca. 110–135
Jude 1:2Martyrdom of Polycarp, inscription · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 156–160
Jude 1:2Church History 4.15.3 · Eusebius of Caesareaecho, medium confidenceca. 300–325

Jude 1:3

Beloved, although I made every effort to write to you about the salvation we share, I felt it necessary to write and urge you to contend earnestly for the faith entrusted once for all to the saints.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:3To the Philippians 7.2 · Polycarp of Smyrnaecho, low confidenceca. 110–135

Jude 1:4

For certain men have crept in among you unnoticed—ungodly ones who were designated long ago for condemnation. They turn the grace of our God into a license for immorality, and they deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:4Question 111, section 3 · Ambrosiasterallusion, low confidenceca. 370–384

Jude 1:5

Although you are fully aware of this, I want to remind you that after Jesus had delivered His people out of the land of Egypt, He destroyed those who did not believe.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:5The Instructor 3.8.44 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Jude 1:5Letter 46.7 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419

Jude 1:6

And the angels who did not stay within their own domain but abandoned their proper dwelling—these He has kept in eternal chains under darkness, bound for judgment on that great day.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:6A Plea for the Christians 24 · Athenagorasecho, low confidenceca. 176–180
Jude 1:6The Instructor 3.2.14 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, medium confidenceca. 190–200
Jude 1:6The Instructor 3.8.44 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Jude 1:6The Instructor 3.8.45 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Jude 1:6Miscellanies 5.14.127 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, low confidenceca. 198–203
Jude 1:6Miscellanies 7.7.46 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 198–203
Jude 1:6Commentary on John 13.243 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248
Jude 1:6Commentary on John 13.244 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 230–248
Jude 1:6Homilies on Exodus 8.2 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Jude 1:6Homilies on Ezekiel 4.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s)
Jude 1:6Homilies on Numbers 16.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Jude 1:6Commentary on Matthew 15.27 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
Jude 1:6Commentary on Matthew 17.30 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
Jude 1:6Commentary on Romans 3.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Jude 1:6Commentary on Romans 5.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Jude 1:6Homilies 8.13 · Anonymousecho, low confidence4th century (reworking earlier material)
Jude 1:6Recognitions 4.26 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceGreek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407
Jude 1:6Apology for Origen 1.1 · Pamphilus of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 308–310 (Rufinus's Latin about 397)
Jude 1:6Preparation for the Gospel 7.16.7 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 313–324
Jude 1:6Epitome of the Divine Institutes 22.10 · Lactantiusallusion, medium confidenceca. 314–320
Jude 1:6Life of Antony 26 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, medium confidenceca. 357–360
Jude 1:6Letters to Serapion 1.25 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 357–360
Jude 1:6Letters to Serapion 2.3 · Athanasius of Alexandriaallusion, high confidenceca. 357–360
Jude 1:6Letters 365, 366 · Basil of Caesareaecho, low confidenceca. 357–378
Jude 1:6On the Holy Spirit 12 · Didymus the Blindallusion, medium confidenceGreek ca. 360-390; Latin 387-391
Jude 1:6Oration 6.12 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383
Jude 1:6Letter 46.7 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Jude 1:6Explanation of Twelve Psalms 39.19.3 · Ambroseallusion, low confidenceca. 387-397
Jude 1:6Literal Commentary on Genesis 3.10 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 401–415
Jude 1:6Literal Commentary on Genesis 11.26 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 401–415
Jude 1:6Enchiridion (Handbook on Faith, Hope, and Love) 28 · Augustine of Hippoecho, medium confidenceca. 421–423
Jude 1:6The Conferences 8.8 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

Jude 1:7

In like manner, Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them, who indulged in sexual immorality and pursued strange flesh, are on display as an example of those who sustain the punishment of eternal fire.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:7The Instructor 2.10.89 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, medium confidenceca. 190–200
Jude 1:7The Instructor 3.8.44 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, medium confidenceca. 190–200
Jude 1:7Against Heresies 4.36.4 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, medium confidenceca. 180–190
Jude 1:7Poem 2 (Sodoma), lines 149–166 · Anonymousecho, medium confidence4th-5th cent. (disputed)
Jude 1:7On Sodom, lines 1–24 · Anonymousecho, medium confidence4th-5th century (disputed)
Jude 1:7On Sodom, lines 147–167 · Anonymousecho, medium confidence4th-5th century (disputed)
Jude 1:7Letter 46.7 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Jude 1:7Seven Books of History against the Pagans 1.5.9 · Orosiusecho, medium confidenceca. 417–418

Jude 1:8

Yet in the same way these dreamers defile their bodies, reject authority, and slander glorious beings.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:8Miscellanies 3.2.11 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Jude 1:8Commentary on Matthew 10.24 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 246–248
Jude 1:8Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 26.11.5 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Jude 1:8Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 26.13.7 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Jude 1:8Eleven Tractates 1.35 · Priscillianallusion, high confidenceca. 380–385
Jude 1:8Apology against Rufinus 2.18 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 401–402
Jude 1:8Commentary on Jeremiah 5.64 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 414-419

Jude 1:9

But even the archangel Michael, when he disputed with the devil over the body of Moses, did not presume to bring a slanderous charge against him, but said, “The Lord rebuke you!”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:9On First Principles 3.2.1 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
Jude 1:9Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 827 · Origenecho, low confidenceca. 220-254
Jude 1:9Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 26.11.5 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Jude 1:9Historia monachorum, chapter 29 · Rufinus of Aquileiaquotation, high confidenceGreek original ca. 394-395; Rufinus's Latin ca. 404-406
Jude 1:9Apology against Rufinus 2.18 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 401–402

Jude 1:10

These men, however, slander what they do not understand, and like irrational animals, they will be destroyed by the things they do instinctively.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:10Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 26.11.3 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377
Jude 1:10Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 26.11.6 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, medium confidence374-377
Jude 1:10Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 26.13.8 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, medium confidence374-377
Jude 1:10Book 1, chapter 19 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 440-450

Jude 1:11

Woe to them! They have traveled the path of Cain; they have rushed for profit into the error of Balaam; they have perished in Korah’s rebellion.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:11The Instructor 3.8.45 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Jude 1:11–13On Not Agreeing with Heretics 15 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361
Jude 1:11Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 38.3.8 · Epiphanius of Salamisecho, medium confidence374-377
Jude 1:11Sermon 365.2 · Augustine of Hippoecho, low confidenceca. 391-430

Jude 1:12

These men are hidden reefs in your love feasts, shamelessly feasting with you but shepherding only themselves. They are clouds without water, carried along by the wind; fruitless trees in autumn, twice dead after being uprooted.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:12The Instructor 2.1.4 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, medium confidenceca. 190–200
Jude 1:12Miscellanies 7.16.98 · Clement of Alexandriaecho, low confidenceca. 198–203
Jude 1:12Letter 244 · Basil of Caesareaecho, low confidenceca. 357–378
Jude 1:12Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.11.17 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, medium confidence374-377
Jude 1:12Eleven Tractates 5.84 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385
Jude 1:12On Faith and Works 46 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 413

Jude 1:13

They are wild waves of the sea, foaming up their own shame; wandering stars, for whom blackest darkness has been reserved forever.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:13To Autolycus 2.15 · Theophilus of Antiochecho, medium confidenceca. 180–185
Jude 1:13Commentary on 1 Corinthians 15:41 · Ambrosiasterallusion, high confidenceca. 366–384
Jude 1:13Eleven Tractates 5.84 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385

Jude 1:14

Enoch, the seventh from Adam, also prophesied about them: “Behold, the Lord is coming with myriads of His holy ones

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:14Adumbrations on Jude, paragraph 1 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceoriginal ca. 200; Latin translation 6th century
Jude 1:14–15On the Dress of Women 1.3 · Tertullianallusion, high confidenceca. 197–206
Jude 1:14–15Against Novatian 16 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceafter 251 (disputed)
Jude 1:14Catechetical Lecture 15.10 · Cyril of Jerusalemallusion, medium confidenceca. 350
Jude 1:14Oration 41.4 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383
Jude 1:14Book of Rules 6 · Tyconiusallusion, medium confidenceca. 380
Jude 1:14Eleven Tractates 1.39 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385
Jude 1:14Eleven Tractates 3.56 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385
Jude 1:14On Illustrious Men 4 · Jeromeallusion, high confidence392–393
Jude 1:14Against Faustus the Manichaean 12.14 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 398–400
Jude 1:14City of God 18.38 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidence413–426

Jude 1:15

to execute judgment on everyone, and to convict all the ungodly of every ungodly act of wickedness and every harsh word spoken against Him by ungodly sinners.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:15Eleven Tractates 3.56 · Priscillianquotation, high confidenceca. 380–385

Jude 1:16

These men are discontented grumblers, following after their own lusts; their mouths spew arrogance; they flatter others for their own advantage.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:16Miscellanies 3.2.11 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203

Jude 1:17

But you, beloved, remember what was foretold by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:17–19On Not Agreeing with Heretics 15 · Lucifer of Cagliariquotation, high confidenceca. 356–361

Jude 1:19

These are the ones who cause divisions, who are worldly and devoid of the Spirit.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:19Letter 185.50 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 386–430
Jude 1:19Sermon 8.12 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Jude 1:19Sermon 71.30 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Jude 1:19Sermon 71.31 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Jude 1:19Sermon 265.11 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Jude 1:19Sermon 269.3 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Jude 1:19Sermon 285.6 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Jude 1:19Retractations 2.27 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence426-427

Jude 1:22

And indeed, have mercy on those who doubt;

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:22Didache 2.7 · Anonymousecho, low confidenceca. 50–150 (often ca. 100)
Jude 1:22Miscellanies 6.8.65 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Jude 1:22Apostolic Church Order 6 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 300

Jude 1:23

save others by snatching them from the fire; and to still others show mercy tempered with fear, hating even the clothing stained by the flesh.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:23Sentence 449 (Greek) · Anonymousecho, low confidence2nd-early 3rd cent.
Jude 1:23Miscellanies 6.8.65 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Jude 1:23Oration 14.22 · Gregory of Nazianzusecho, low confidenceca. 362–383
Jude 1:23Liber Orsiesii 25 · Orsiesiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380-390
Jude 1:23Eleven Tractates 1.35 · Priscillianallusion, medium confidenceca. 380–385

Jude 1:24

Now to Him who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you unblemished in His glorious presence, with great joy—

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:24Martyrdom of Polycarp 20.2 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 156–160
Jude 1:24Adumbrations on Jude, paragraph 2 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceoriginal ca. 200; Latin translation 6th century
Jude 1:24Commentary on Daniel 4.60 · Hippolytus of Romeecho, medium confidenceca. 202-204
Jude 1:24Catechetical Lecture 6.25 · Cyril of Jerusalemecho, medium confidenceca. 350
Jude 1:24On Rebuke and Grace 6 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 427

Jude 1:25

to the only God our Savior be glory, majesty, dominion, and authority through Jesus Christ our Lord before all time, and now, and for all eternity. Amen.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Jude 1:25Martyrdom of Polycarp 20.2 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 156–160