Deuteronomy 18 in the early church
124 passages quote, allude to, or echo Deuteronomy 18, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 9 · 10 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22
Deuteronomy 18:1
The Levitical priests—indeed the whole tribe of Levi—shall have no portion or inheritance with Israel. They are to eat the food offerings to the LORD; that is their inheritance.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:1 | Against Heresies 4.8.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Deut 18:1–2 | Tractates on the Psalms 118.8.3 · Hilary of Poitiers | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360–367 |
| Deut 18:1–5 | Commentary on 1 Corinthians 9:13 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Deut 18:1–2 | Apostolic Constitutions 2.25.6 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 380 |
| Deut 18:1 | To the Church 2.38 · Salvian of Marseilles | allusion, high confidence | ca. 435-440 |
Deuteronomy 18:2
Although they have no inheritance among their brothers, the LORD is their inheritance, as He promised them.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:2 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.4.4 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Deuteronomy 18:3
This shall be the priests’ share from the people who offer a sacrifice, whether a bull or a sheep: the priests are to be given the shoulder, the jowls, and the stomach.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:3 | Homily on Luke 37 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 233–250 |
| Deut 18:3 | Homilies on Exodus 9.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Deut 18:3 | Letter 64.1 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Deut 18:3 | Letter 64.2 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Deuteronomy 18:4
You are to give them the firstfruits of your grain, new wine, and oil, and the first wool sheared from your flock.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:4 | Didache 13.3 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 50–150 (often ca. 100) |
Deuteronomy 18:9
When you enter the land that the LORD your God is giving you, do not imitate the detestable ways of the nations there.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:9–12 | Homilies on Numbers 16.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Deut 18:9–13 | Demonstration of the Gospel 4.10.7 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:9–12 | On the Witch of Endor 24 · Eustathius of Antioch | quotation, high confidence | ca. 324–337 |
Deuteronomy 18:10
Let no one be found among you who sacrifices his son or daughter in the fire, practices divination or conjury, interprets omens, practices sorcery,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:10 | Homilies on Numbers 13.5 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Deut 18:10 | To Quirinus 3.82 · Cyprian of Carthage | echo, low confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Deut 18:10 | Apostolic Church Order 10 · Anonymous | allusion, low confidence | ca. 300 |
| Deut 18:10 | Homilies 14.5 · Anonymous | allusion, low confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Deut 18:10 | Prophetic Extracts 4.0 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Deut 18:10–12 | On the Witch of Endor 2 · Eustathius of Antioch | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 324–337 |
| Deut 18:10–11 | Catechetical Lecture 4.37 · Cyril of Jerusalem | echo, medium confidence | ca. 350 |
| Deut 18:10–11 | Apostolic Constitutions 7.6.2 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Deut 18:10–11 | Book of Heresies 21.3 · Philastrius of Brescia | allusion, low confidence | ca. 380s |
| Deut 18:10–11 | City of God 21.6 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, low confidence | 413–426 |
Deuteronomy 18:13
You must be blameless before the LORD your God.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:13–16 | Homilies on Numbers 16.7 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Deut 18:13 | On Man's Perfection in Righteousness 20 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 415 |
Deuteronomy 18:14
Though these nations, which you will dispossess, listen to conjurers and diviners, the LORD your God has not permitted you to do so.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:14–15 | Against Celsus 1.36 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Deut 18:14–15 | Against Celsus 4.95 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Deut 18:14 | Prophetic Extracts 4.0 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
Deuteronomy 18:15
The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:15 | To Autolycus 3.11 · Theophilus of Antioch | echo, low confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Deut 18:15 | The Instructor 1.7.60 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Deut 18:15 | Against Heresies 3.12.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Deut 18:15 | Miscellanies 4.21.130 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Deut 18:15 | Against Marcion 4.22 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Deut 18:15 | Commentary on John 6.45 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Deut 18:15 | Commentary on John 6.90 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Deut 18:15 | Commentary on John 13.374 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Deut 18:15 | Homilies on Exodus 12.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Deut 18:15 | Homilies on Jeremiah 1.12 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| Deut 18:15 | On the Trinity 9 · Novatian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–250 |
| Deut 18:15 | Commentary on Matthew 17.14 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Deut 18:15 | Acta Archelai (Latin) 46 · Hegemonius | quotation, high confidence | early to mid 4th century (Greek original) |
| Deut 18:15 | Acta Archelai (Latin) 50 · Hegemonius | quotation, high confidence | early to mid 4th century (Greek original) |
| Deut 18:15 | Homilies 3.53 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 4th century (reworking earlier material) |
| Deut 18:15 | Recognitions 1.36 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Deut 18:15 | Recognitions 1.40 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Deut 18:15 | Recognitions 1.43 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Deut 18:15 | Recognitions 1.49 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Deut 18:15 | Recognitions 1.56 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Deut 18:15 | Recognitions 1.57 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Deut 18:15 | Recognitions 7.33 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |
| Deut 18:15 | Prophetic Extracts 1.15 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Deut 18:15 | Prophetic Extracts 4.0 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Deut 18:15 | Preparation for the Gospel 8.10.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, low confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Deut 18:15 | Demonstration of the Gospel 1.3.43 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15 | Demonstration of the Gospel 1.7.7 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15 | Demonstration of the Gospel 1.7.8 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15 | Demonstration of the Gospel 1.7.20 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15 | Demonstration of the Gospel 1.7.22 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15–16 | Demonstration of the Gospel 3.2.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15–16 | Demonstration of the Gospel 3.2.29 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15–19 | Demonstration of the Gospel 9.11.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15 | Demonstration of the Gospel 9.11.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Deut 18:15 | Oration I Against the Arians 54 · Athanasius of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 339–346 |
| Deut 18:15 | Catechetical Lecture 12.17 · Cyril of Jerusalem | quotation, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Deut 18:15 | Long recension, Antiochians 2 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | later 4th century (probable) |
| Deut 18:15 | Against the Manichees, Greek continuation of book 3, Lagarde p. 86 · Titus of Bostra | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360s |
| Deut 18:15 | Commentary on Colossians 1:23–24 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Deut 18:15 | Commentary on Galatians 3:20 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, high confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Deut 18:15 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 8.5.6 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Deut 18:15 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.11.17 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Deut 18:15 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 42.12.3 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Deut 18:15 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 54.3.1 · Epiphanius of Salamis | quotation, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Deut 18:15 | Apostolic Constitutions 5.20.6 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Deut 18:15 | Book of Heresies 119.2 · Philastrius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380s |
| Deut 18:15 | Exposition of Psalm 118 8.54.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Deut 18:15 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 16.4 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Deut 18:15 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 16.15 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Deut 18:15 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 16.18 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Deut 18:15 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 16.19 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Deut 18:15 | Against Faustus the Manichaean 16.22 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 398–400 |
| Deut 18:15 | Tractates 9 · Gaudentius of Brescia | quotation, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
| Deut 18:15 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 100–101 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
| Deut 18:15 | Book 3, lines 202–227 · Sedulius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Deut 18:15 | Book 3, section 18 · Sedulius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 425-450 |
| Deut 18:15 | Chapter 13 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 437-450 |
Deuteronomy 18:16
This is what you asked of the LORD your God at Horeb on the day of the assembly, when you said, “Let us not hear the voice of the LORD our God or see this great fire anymore, so that we will not die!”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:16 | Prophetic Extracts 1.15 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
Deuteronomy 18:17
Then the LORD said to me, “They have spoken well.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:17 | Prophetic Extracts 1.15 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Deut 18:17–18 | Demonstration of the Gospel 9.11.7 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Deuteronomy 18:18
I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers. I will put My words in his mouth, and he will tell them everything I command him.
Deuteronomy 18:19
And I will hold accountable anyone who does not listen to My words that the prophet speaks in My name.
Deuteronomy 18:20
But if any prophet dares to speak a message in My name that I have not commanded him to speak, or to speak in the name of other gods, that prophet must be put to death.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:20 | Exhortation to Martyrdom 8 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | 235 |
Deuteronomy 18:21
You may ask in your heart, “How can we recognize a message that the LORD has not spoken?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:21–22 | Commentary on Jeremiah 5.59 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Deuteronomy 18:22
When a prophet speaks in the name of the LORD and the message does not come to pass or come true, that is a message the LORD has not spoken. The prophet has spoken presumptuously. Do not be afraid of him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deut 18:22 | Recognitions 8.60 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | Greek original 3rd–4th century; Rufinus's Latin translation before 407 |