Exposition on Galatians preface–3.29 (Exposition on Galatians)

Pelagius

Exposition on Galatians preface–3.29

Pelagius · Exposition on Galatians · ca. 405–410 · Rome · 70 passages

Latin text: Souter, TS 9.2 (Latin text: A. Souter (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); OCR of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam scan, read by Tesseract).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).

BothSource textEnglish

Show only the passage I followed

Argumentum (prefatory note)

0Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:306

quos pseudo-apostoli hac astutia subuertebant, quo[d] dicerent omnes [Christi] apostolos [t]aliter praedicare, Paulum quoque ipsum alibi docere homines circumcidi. “ denique discipulos suos ” dicebant ‘quos uere diligit, circumcidit ” ; sed nec apostolum illum esse dicentes, uidelicet qui[a] neque ex XII [electis] esset, neque Christum cum Petro et ceteris fuisset aliquando secutus. quibus ueri similibus argumentis et callid[a]e derogationi, quibus paruuli decipiebantur, necesse habet [ex] auctoritate spiritus sancti ad singula per ordinem respondere, [ne] despectu eius et odio [capti] Galat[h]ae penitus interirent.

… whom the false apostles were subverting by this cunning: they said that all the apostles preached otherwise, and that Paul himself taught people elsewhere to be circumcised. "In short," they said, "he circumcises those of his disciples whom he truly loves"; and they said he was not even an apostle, since he was not one of the Twelve and had never followed Christ with Peter and the others. To these plausible arguments and this cunning disparagement, by which the little ones were being deceived, he must answer point by point, in order, by the authority of the Holy Spirit, lest the Galatians, through contempt and hatred of him, perish utterly.

Notes and citation

Summary: Argument: the false apostles denied Paul's apostleship and claimed he favored circumcision; he answers them point by point.

The argument begins in mid-sentence in the staged text; its opening is not present. Souter brackets the d of quod, Christi, the t of taliter, electis, the a of quia and callidae, ex, ne ("lest," kept for the sense), capti, and the h of Galathae; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread quotation mark; OCR slip): drcumcidi → circumcidi; Mquos → ‘quos; ilium → illum.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. pref. (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:306; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/0). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/0

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-0) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

Chapter 1

1.1Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:306–307

Paulus apostolus, non ab hominibus, neque per hominem . Hoc est, non humana praesumptione , ut illi dicunt, neque per apostolos alios, [ut] Aaron per Moysen, sed per ipsum dominum, ut Moyses et omnes apostoli uel prophetae : sed et plerique ab hominibus ordinantur, cum indigni fauore populi, patientiam dei contemnentes, diuino sacerdotio contra meritum ordinantur. Sed per Iesum Christum . Qui Petrum et ceteros in ministerium apostolatus allegit. Et deum patrem. Ostenditur una esse patris et filii operatio. Qui suscitauit eum a mortuis. Secundum [hoc] quod mori potuit, carnem scilicet.

"Paul, an apostle, not from men, nor through man." That is, not by human presumption, as they say, nor through other apostles, as Aaron was through Moses, but through the Lord himself, like Moses and all the apostles or prophets. For many are indeed ordained by men, when unworthy people, through the favor of the people and despising God's patience, are ordained to the divine priesthood contrary to merit. "But through Jesus Christ." Who chose Peter and the others for the ministry of the apostleship. "And God the Father." It is shown that the working of the Father and of the Son is one. "Who raised him from the dead." According to that which could die, namely the flesh.

Gal 1:1 (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 4:16 (allusion, low confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul's apostleship came from Christ and the Father, not from men, unlike the unworthy ordained by popular favor.

Souter brackets ut and hoc; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): lesum → Iesum.

Topics: Church office, Trinity

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.1 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:306–307; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-1

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-1) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.2Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307

Et qui mecum sunt omnes fratres [ecclesiis Galatiae ]. Ne solus indigne ferre putaretur suam conculcari doctrinam.

"And all the brothers who are with me." Lest he alone be thought to take it ill that his teaching was being trampled on.

Gal 1:2 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The brothers join Paul's greeting.

Souter brackets "to the churches of Galatia" in the lemma; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.2 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-2

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-2) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.3Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307

Gratia uobis . Qua sola estis fide saluati. Et pax a deo patre. Qua remissis delictis omnibus reconciliati fuerant deo. Et domino Iesu Christo ,

"Grace to you." By which alone you were saved through faith. "And peace from God the Father." By which, with all their offenses forgiven, they had been reconciled to God. "And the Lord Jesus Christ,"

Gal 1:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Grace saves through faith alone; peace means reconciliation by forgiveness.

"By which alone" renders qua sola.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): lesu → Iesu.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.3 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-3

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-3) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.4Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307

qui dedit semet ipsum pro peccatis nostris. Ostendit beneficia Christi, quibus exsistebant ingrati, [et] in lege, quae peccatoribus data fuerat, uiuere cupientes, cum illis omnia essent peccata dimissa. Ut nos eriperet de praesenti saeculo malo. De malis saeculi operibus, quae committuntur in ipso. Secundum uoluntatem dei et patris nostri. Non secundum merita nostra.

"who gave himself for our sins." He shows the benefits of Christ, to which they were ungrateful, wishing to live under the law, which had been given to sinners, when all their sins had been forgiven them. "To rescue us from the present evil age." From the evil works of the age, which are committed in it. "According to the will of God our Father." Not according to our merits.

Gal 1:4 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Christ gave himself for sins, freeing believers from evil works, not by their merits.

Souter brackets et; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.4 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-4

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-4) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.5Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307

Cui est gloria in saecula [saecidorum.] [amen]. Infinitis beneficiis infinita gloria debetur.

"To whom be glory forever." Infinite glory is owed for infinite benefits.

Gal 1:5 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Infinite benefits deserve infinite glory.

Souter brackets saeculorum and amen; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.5 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-5

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-5) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.6Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307–308

Miror quod sic tam cito transferimini ab eo qui uos uocauit in gratiam. Manifest[at]is beneficiis mirari se dicit quod ab illo potuerint uerbis hominum retrahi, a quo nec tormentis ullis debuerint separari. In aliut euangelium, [praeter] quod aliut non est , nisi si sunt aliqui qui uos conturbant, Qui conturbant sunt; nam euangelium uerum aliut esse non potest nisi Christi. Et uolunt conuertere euangelium Christi . Dum lex ad euangelium profecerit, illi peruerso ordine euangelium ad legem reuocare nituntur.

"I marvel that you are so quickly being transferred from him who called you into grace." Having shown the benefits, he says he marvels that they could be drawn away by the words of men from him from whom they ought not to have been separated by any torments. "To another gospel, which is not another; except that there are some who trouble you," Those who trouble you exist; for the true gospel can be no other than Christ's. "And wish to pervert the gospel of Christ." Whereas the law advanced to the gospel, they, in perverse order, try to call the gospel back to the law.

Gal 1:6 (quotation, high confidence) · Gal 1:7 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The Galatians are turning from the one true gospel to those who drag it back to the law.

The section covers Gal 1:6–7. Souter brackets -at- in manifestatis and praeter; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slip; stray number from the page; OCR stray mark): tarn → tam; retrain → retrahi; euangdium, 1 [praeter] → euangelium, [praeter]; conturbent → conturbant; euangdium Christi → euangelium Christi; ad . legem → ad legem.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.6 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:307–308; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-6

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-6) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.8Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:308

Sed licet nos aut angeli de caelo euangelizauerint [nobis] praeter quam [quod] euangelizauimus uobis, Breuiter omni uoluit praeiudicare personae, quando nec apostolos contra quod primum praedicauerant nec uocem [de caelo] loquentis angeli permisit audiri; tacita autem sententia haec contra omnes hereticos, qui traditiones apostolicas mutare conantur. Anathema sit . Hoc est, abominabilis uobis sit,

"But even if we or angels from heaven preach a gospel other than what we preached to you," Briefly he wished to forestall every person, since he allowed neither apostles to be heard against what they had first preached nor the voice of an angel speaking; and this sentence silently stands against all heretics who try to change the apostolic traditions. "Let him be anathema." That is, let him be abominable to you.

Gal 1:8 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: No apostle or angel may preach another gospel; this condemns heretics who change apostolic tradition.

Souter brackets nobis, quod, and "from heaven"; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slips; word split in OCR; line number leaked from the page): angdi de cado euange lizauerint → angeli de caelo euangelizauerint; euangdizauimus → euangelizauimus; xoapostolos → apostolos; tacit autem sententia Haec → tacita autem sententia haec.

Topics: Heresy

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.8 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:308; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-8

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-8) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.9Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:308

Sicut praediximus et nunc [uobis] Uerum dico: si quis uobis adnuntiauerit praeter quam quod accepistis , anathema sit. Repetitione fortius commendatur. .

"As we said before, I now say truly: if anyone preaches to you other than what you received, let him be anathema." It is commended more strongly by repetition.

Gal 1:9 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul repeats the curse for emphasis.

Souter brackets uobis; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): praedi&imus → praediximus; anathema sU → anathema sit; Repetition fortius → Repetitione fortius.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.9 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:308; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-9

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-9) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.10Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:308–309

Modo enim hominibus suadeo aut deo ? Numquid propter homines uos suadeo, sicut propter Iudaeorum traditiones ante faciebam? ostendere uult se odia hominum non timentem libere defendere ueritatem. Aut quaero hominibus placere? Ubicumque sine additamento aliquo homines nominantur, in [m]alam partem accipitur in scripturis, ut est illud: ‘omnis homo mendax,’ et: ‘quem me dicunt homines esse?’ et: ‘nonne homines estis et secundum hominem ambulatis?’ igitur quicumque talibus placere uolueri[n]t, necesse est ut eorum facia[n]t uoluntatem: sancti autem deo tantum et deum amantibus placent, qui plus quam homines esse meruerunt. Si adhuc hominibus placerem, Christi seruus non essem. Nam ideo me oderunt quia seruus sum Christi.

"For do I now persuade men, or God?" Do I persuade you for the sake of men, as I did before for the sake of the Jews' traditions? He wishes to show that, not fearing human hatred, he defends the truth freely. "Or do I seek to please men?" Wherever "men" are named in the scriptures without any addition, it is taken in a bad sense, as in: "Every man is a liar," and: "Who do men say that I am?" and: "Are you not men, and walking according to man?" So whoever wishes to please such people must do their will; but the saints please God only, and those who love God, who have deserved to be more than men. "If I were still pleasing men, I would not be a servant of Christ." For they hate me because I am a servant of Christ.

Gal 1:10 (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 116:11 (115:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 16:13 (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Cor 3:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul seeks to please God, not men, and is hated for it.

Souter brackets the m of malam (kept for the sense) and the n of uoluerint and faciant; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread quotation mark; OCR slip; OCR slips; word split in OCR): aut deb ? → aut deo ?; Iudaeoram → Iudaeorum; placer e → placere; nomin&ntur → nominantur; ‘otnnis hoino → ‘omnis homo; / quern → ‘quem; ambulatis?? → ambulatis?’; hominzbus placerem, Christi seruus non essem Nam → hominibus placerem, Christi seruus non essem. Nam.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.10 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:308–309; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-10

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-10) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.11Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:309

Notum autem uobis facio, fratres, euangelium quod euangelizatum est a me, Uult purgare usurpationis et humanae traditionis infamiam. Quia non est secundum hominem

"I make known to you, brothers, the gospel that was preached by me," He wishes to clear himself of the bad report of usurpation and of human tradition. "That it is not according to man;"

Gal 1:11 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul's gospel is not of human origin.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slips; word split in OCR): facioi f retires → facio, fratres; homi nem → hominem.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.11 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:309; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-11

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-11) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.12Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:309

neque enim ego ab homine accepi illut neque edoctus sum, sed per reuelationem Christi Iesu. Neque a me confinxi neque ab [alio] homine accepi neque a quoquam didici quod gentes sola fide salu[ar]entur.

"for I did not receive it from man, nor was I taught it, but through the revelation of Jesus Christ." I neither invented it myself nor received it from a man nor learned it from anyone: that the gentiles are saved by faith alone.

Gal 1:12 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul received by revelation that the gentiles are saved by faith alone.

"By faith alone" renders sola fide. Souter brackets alio and -ar- in saluarentur; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.12 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:309; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-12

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-12) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.13Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:309

Audistis enim conuersationem meam aliquando in Iudaismo, quod supra modum persequebar ecclesiam dei et expugnabam illam. Nec uos credo latere quod dico. ostendere uult quam firmiter tenuerit Iudaismum et fideliter pro traditionibus patriis expugnarit ecclesiam, ut intellegamus eum non potuisse inde humano consilio nisi reuelatione separari diuina.

"For you have heard of my former way of life in Judaism, that I persecuted the church of God beyond measure and tried to destroy it." I do not think what I say is hidden from you either. He wishes to show how firmly he held Judaism and how faithfully he attacked the church for the traditions of his fathers, so that we may understand that he could have been separated from it not by human counsel but only by divine revelation.

Gal 1:13 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Only revelation could have turned so zealous a persecutor.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): ludaismo → Iudaismo; iUam Nec → illam. Nec.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.13 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:309; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-13

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-13) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.14Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:309–310

Et proficiebam in Iudaismo supra multos co[a]etaneos [meos] in genere meo. Non supra omnes, ne iactantia[e] putaretur. Abundantius aemulator exsistens paternarum mearum traditionum :

"And I advanced in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries in my race." Not beyond all, lest it be thought boasting. "Being more abundantly a zealot for my ancestral traditions:"

Gal 1:14 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul was a zealot for the traditions.

Souter brackets the a of coaetaneos, meos, and the e of iactantiae; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slips; misread brackets; words run together in OCR): ludaismo supra mulios co\a\eianeos [meos] ingenere → Iudaismo supra multos co[a]etaneos [meos] in genere.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.14 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:309–310; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-14

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-14) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.15Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:310

cum autem [com]placuit ei qui me segregauit ab utero matris meae. Qui me iam in praescientia ab utero segregauerat, quando uoluit, fecit quod sciebat [esse] futurum. Et uocauit per gratiam suam. Non meis meritis.

"But when it pleased him who set me apart from my mother's womb." He who had already set me apart from the womb in foreknowledge did, when he willed, what he knew would happen. "And called me through his grace." Not by my merits.

Gal 1:15 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: God, foreknowing, called Paul by grace, not merit.

Souter brackets com- in complacuit and esse; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.15 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:310; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-15

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-15) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.16Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:310

Ut reuelaret filium suum in me , [ut euange lizarem illum in gentibus .] Ut filium suum per me gentibus reuelaret. Continuo non adquieui carni et sanguini. Statim ‘caelesti incredulus non fui ui[s]ioni,’ quia non carnis et sanguinis uocem audiui, sed dei.

"To reveal his Son in me." To reveal his Son to the gentiles through me. "Immediately I did not consult with flesh and blood." At once "I was not disobedient to the heavenly vision," because I heard the voice not of flesh and blood but of God.

Gal 1:16 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 26:19 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul obeyed the heavenly vision at once, without human counsel.

Souter brackets the lemma "that I might preach him among the gentiles" and the s of uisioni; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slips): lizarem ilium in → lizarem illum in; cami → carni; ‘caelesti incredulus non fui ui8[s]ioni,, → ‘caelesti incredulus non fui ui[s]ioni,’.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.16 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:310; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-16

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-16) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.17Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:310

Neque ueni Hierusolimam ad praecessores meos apostolos , sed abii in Arabiam, et iterum reuersus sum Damascum. [Quia non mihi necesse fuit] ut ab illis [aliquid] edocerer, sed de Damasco in Arabiam protinus iui, ut docerem quod mihi [a deo] [fu]erat reuelatum.

"Nor did I go up to Jerusalem to those who were apostles before me, but I went away into Arabia, and again returned to Damascus." It was not necessary for me to be taught by them, but from Damascus I went straight to Arabia, to teach what had been revealed to me.

Gal 1:17 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul went to Arabia to teach, not to Jerusalem to learn.

Souter brackets "Because it was not necessary for me" (kept for the sense), aliquid, "by God," and fu- in fuerat; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread bracket): [fujerat → [fu]erat.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.17 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:310; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-17

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-17) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.18Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:310–311

Deinde post tres annos. Ostendit se non indiguisse doceri, qui tribus iam annis aliis praedicarat. Ueni H[i]erusolimam . Quando se discipulis [ad]iungere [ad]temptabat. Uidere Petrum . Uidendi gratia, non discendi. Et mansi apud illum diebus XV. Et susceptum se ab illo in caritate demonstrat, et in breui tempore nihil discere potuisse.

"Then after three years." He shows that he did not need to be taught, who had already preached to others for three years. "I came to Jerusalem." When he was trying to join the disciples. "To see Peter." For the sake of seeing, not of learning. "And I stayed with him fifteen days." He shows both that he was received by him in love and that in so short a time he could have learned nothing.

Gal 1:18 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 9:26 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul visited Peter briefly, to see him, not to learn from him.

Souter brackets the i of Hierusolimam and ad- twice; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread bracket; OCR slip): ires → tres; [adjtemptabat → [ad]temptabat; iUum → illum.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.18 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:310–311; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-18

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-18) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.19Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311

Alium autem apostolorum uidi neminem. Ne [uel] ab aliis didicisse uideretur. Nisi Iacobum fratrem domini . Contra eos qui dicunt beatam Mariam alios filios habuisse, quia duos Iacobos apostolos fuisse legimus, unum Alphaei et alterum Zebedaei, neminem Mariae uel Ioseph, sed fratres domini de propinquitate dicuntur.

"But I saw none of the other apostles." Lest he seem to have learned from others. "Except James the brother of the Lord." Against those who say that blessed Mary had other sons: for we read that there were two apostles called James, one the son of Alphaeus and the other of Zebedee, neither of them a son of Mary or Joseph; but they are called brothers of the Lord by kinship.

Gal 1:19 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 10:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · Matt 10:3 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: James is the Lord's "brother" by kinship, not a son of Mary.

Pelagius holds that Mary had no other sons; translated as written. Souter brackets uel; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): lacobum → Iacobum.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.19 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-19

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-19) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.20Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311

Quae autem scribo uobis, ecce coram deo quia non mentior.

"And what I write to you, behold, before God, I do not lie."

Gal 1:20 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of Gal 1:20.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.20 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-20

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-20) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.21Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311

deinde ueni in partibus Syriae et Ciliciae:

"then I came into the regions of Syria and Cilicia;"

Gal 1:21 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of Gal 1:21.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.21 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-21

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-21) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.22Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311

eram autem ignotus facie ecclesiis Iudeae. Notandum quia post triennium ecclesiis Iudeae erat ignotus. Quae era[n]t in Christo [. Iesu ]. Seorsum qui ex Iudeis erant ecclesias habebant, nec his qui erant ex gentibus miscebantur.

"and I was unknown by face to the churches of Judea." It is to be noted that after three years he was unknown to the churches of Judea. "Which were in Christ." Those from the Jews had their churches apart and were not mixed with those from the gentiles.

Gal 1:22 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Jewish and gentile churches were separate; Paul was unknown in Judea.

Souter brackets the n of erant and Iesu; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread bracket; OCR slip): ignotus facie ecclesiis ludeae → ignotus facie ecclesiis Iudeae; triennium ecclesiis ludeae → triennium ecclesiis Iudeae; era[n\t → era[n]t; lesu → Iesu.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.22 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-22

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-22) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.23Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311

Sed hoc tantum audi[tum hab]ebant quod ‘[is] qui persequebatur nos aliquando, nunc adnuntiat fidem quam aliquando expugnabat’

"But they only heard that 'he who once persecuted us now preaches the faith he once tried to destroy,'"

Gal 1:23 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of Gal 1:23.

Souter brackets -tum hab- in auditum habebant and is; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread quotation mark; OCR slip): Jidem → fidem; expugnabat / → expugnabat’.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.23 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-23

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-23) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

1.24Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311

et in me magnificabant deum. De re difficili maxima nascitur admiratio, et laudabatur deus, qui hoc solus posset efficere.

"and they glorified God in me." From a difficult thing the greatest wonder arises, and God was praised, who alone could bring this about.

Gal 1:24 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul's conversion made the churches glorify God.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 1.24 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:311; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-24). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/1-24

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-1-24) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

Chapter 2

2.1Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312

Deinde post annos XIIII ascendi iterum Hierusolimam cum Barnaba adsumpto et Tito . Quando de oneribus legis quaestio mouebatur.

"Then after fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus also." When the question about the burdens of the law was being raised.

Gal 2:1 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 15:2 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul went to Jerusalem when the law's burdens were debated.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): iterant → iterum.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.1 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-1

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-1) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.2Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312

Ascendi autem secundum reuelationem. Non uoluntate mea, sed imperii diuini necessitate. Et contuli cum illis euangelium quod praedico inter gentes. Non didici, sed contuli euangelium, per quod gentes sola fide saluentur. Seorsum autem his qui existima[ba]ntur [esse maiores], Ne illum discipuli de euangelio dubitare putarent. Ne forte in vacuum currerem aut cucurrissem. Hoc non est dubitantis, sed potius confirmantis.

"And I went up according to a revelation." Not by my own will, but by the necessity of a divine command. "And I set before them the gospel which I preach among the gentiles." I did not learn the gospel but compared it, the gospel through which the gentiles are saved by faith alone. "But privately to those who seemed," Lest the disciples think that he doubted about the gospel. "Lest perhaps I should be running or had run in vain." This is not the word of one who doubts, but rather of one who confirms.

Gal 2:2 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul compared, not learned, his gospel of salvation by faith alone with the apostles.

"By faith alone" renders sola fide. Souter brackets -ba- in existimabantur and "to be greater"; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slips): reudationem → reuelationem; ittis euangdium → illis euangelium; exi$tima[ba]ntur → existima[ba]ntur; ilium → illum.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.2 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-2

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-2) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.3Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312

Sed neque Titus , qui mecum erat. In uacuum cucurrit. Cum esset Graecus , conpulsus est circumcidi,

"But not even Titus, who was with me," ran in vain. "though he was a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised,"

Gal 2:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of Gal 2:3.

The comment in the next section takes Titus to have been circumcised.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slips): Oraecus → Graecus; drcumddiy → circumcidi,.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.3 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-3

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-3) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.4Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312

sed propter falso[s] fratres subintroductos. Reddit causas quare circumciderit Titum, non quia illi circumcisio prodesse[t], sed ut scandalum imminens uitaretur. Qui subintrauerunt explorare libertatem nostram quam habemus in Christo Iesu ut nos in seruitutem redigerent. Qu[i]a absoluti sumus[, hoc est,] a iugo legis. [Quibus nec] ad [h]oram cessimus subiectioni, ut ueritas euangdii permaneat apud uos . Ut periculum uitaremus, et essent qui in uobis ueritatem euangelii confirmarent.

"but because of false brothers brought in secretly." He gives the reasons why he circumcised Titus: not because circumcision profited him, but so that an imminent scandal might be avoided. "Who slipped in to spy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus, so as to bring us into slavery." Because we have been freed from the yoke of the law. "We yielded in subjection for an hour, so that the truth of the gospel might remain with you." To avoid danger, and so that there might be those who would confirm the truth of the gospel among you.

Gal 2:4 (quotation, high confidence) · Gal 2:5 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Pelagius holds that Paul circumcised Titus for an hour to avoid scandal.

The section covers Gal 2:4–5. Souter brackets "to whom ... not" (Quibus nec), so the text reads "we yielded in subjection for an hour"; Pelagius's comment assumes this reading. He also brackets the s of falsos, the t of prodesset, the i of quia, "that is," and the h of horam; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread bracket; OCR slip; OCR slips; line number leaked from the page; misread bracket and letter; words run together in OCR): falso[s]fratres → falso[s] fratres; drcumciderit → circumciderit; prodesseft] → prodesse[t]; Ubertatem nostrum → libertatem nostram; semitutem → seruitutem; 6 [Quibus nec] ad \K\oram → [Quibus nec] ad [h]oram; permanent → permaneat.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.4 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-4

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-4) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.6Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312–313

Ab his autem qui uidebantur esse aliquit. Nihil [scientiae] accepi. Quales aliquando fuerint , nihil mea interest. deus hominis faciem non accipit . mihi autem qui [aliquid] existimabantur nihil contulerunt. Non mihi cura[e] est [quia] cum domino ambula[ue]runt, quia nec tempus praeiudicat fidei nec persona labori.

"But from those who seemed to be something." I received nothing. "Whatever they once were makes no difference to me; God does not accept the face of man. Those who were esteemed contributed nothing to me." It is no concern of mine that they walked with the Lord, because neither time prejudges faith nor person labor.

Gal 2:6 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul learned nothing from the leading apostles; God does not favor persons.

Souter brackets scientiae ("of knowledge"), aliquid, the e of curae, quia, and -ue- in ambulauerunt; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; words run together in OCR): acdpit . mihi autemqui → accipit . mihi autem qui.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.6 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:312–313; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-6

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-6) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.7Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:313

Sed [e] contra scientes quoniam creditum est mihi euangelium praeputii , sicut Petro circumcisionis. Ut praedicem gentibus, sicut illi Iudaeis.

"But on the contrary, knowing that the gospel of the uncircumcision had been entrusted to me, as that of the circumcision to Peter." That I should preach to the gentiles, as they to the Jews.

Gal 2:7 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul was entrusted with the gentiles as Peter with the Jews.

Souter brackets e; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): sdentes → scientes.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.7 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:313; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-7

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-7) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.8Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:313

Qui enim operatus [est] Petro in apostolatum circumcisionis, operatus est et mihi ad gentes . In nullo sum [illo] inferior, quia ab uno deo sumus in unum ministerium ordinati.

"For he who worked in Peter for the apostleship of the circumcision worked also in me for the gentiles." I am in nothing inferior, because we were ordained by one God to one ministry.

Gal 2:8 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: One God gave Peter and Paul one ministry.

Souter brackets est and illo; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): [esJ] → [est]; circumdsionis → circumcisionis.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.8 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:313; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-8

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-8) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.9Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:313

Et cognita gratia quae data est mihi , Petrus et Iacobus et Iohannes , qui uidebantur esse columnae. Super quos erat ecclesia confirmata. Dextras dederunt . Consenserunt ita nos docere debere. Mihi et Barnabae societatis. Ambo enim simul missi erant ut gentibus praedicarent. Ut nos ad gentes , ipsi autem in circumcisione[m] ,

"And when they recognized the grace that had been given to me, Peter and James and John, who seemed to be pillars," On whom the church had been established. "Gave the right hands." They agreed that we ought to teach so. "Of fellowship to me and Barnabas." For both had been sent together to preach to the gentiles. "That we should go to the gentiles, and they to the circumcision,"

Gal 2:9 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The pillar apostles approved Paul's mission to the gentiles.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slip; misread bracket): lohannes → Iohannes; sodetatis → societatis; drcumdsione[m\ → circumcisione[m].

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.9 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:313; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-9

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-9) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.10Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:313–314

tantum ut pauperum memores essemus. Qui omnia sua distrahentes ad apostolorum pedes pretia deponebant. Uel: Quorum bona fuerant a Iudaeis inuasa, sicut legimus ad Hebraeos. Quod et[iam] sollicitus fui hoc ipsum facere. Hoc est quod in omni paene scribit epistula.

"only that we should remember the poor." Those who, selling all their goods, laid the price at the apostles' feet. Or: those whose goods had been seized by the Jews, as we read in Hebrews. "Which I was also eager to do." This is what he writes in almost every letter.

Gal 2:10 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 4:35 (allusion, high confidence) · Heb 10:34 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The poor are the Jerusalem saints who gave up all, or were robbed of it.

Souter brackets -iam in etiam; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread brackets): et\iam\ → et[iam].

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.10 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:313–314; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-10

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-10) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.11Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:314

Cum autem uenisset Petrus Antiochiam , in faciem illi restiti, qu[on]ia[m] reprehensibilis erat. Galatarum infirmitas conpellit eum narrare quod nec ipsi apostolorum principi Petro peperc[er]it, ueritatem euangelii non libere defendenti, sicut ad profectum Corinthiorum manifestat quam annis quattuordecim celauerat uisionem. hoc autem totum agit ut ostendat se numquam circumcisionis fuisse fautorem, quod de illo falsi apostoli confingebant; unde et alibi dicit: ‘ego autem, fratres, si circumcisionem praedico, quid adhuc persecutionem patior?’

"But when Peter came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he was blameworthy." The weakness of the Galatians compels him to tell that he did not spare even Peter, the chief of the apostles, when he did not freely defend the truth of the gospel; just as, for the progress of the Corinthians, he disclosed the vision he had concealed for fourteen years. He does all this to show that he was never a supporter of circumcision, as the false apostles invented about him; hence he says elsewhere: "But I, brothers, if I preach circumcision, why am I still persecuted?"

Gal 2:11 (quotation, high confidence) · Gal 5:11 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul rebuked Peter to show he never favored circumcision.

Souter brackets -er- in pepercerit; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (words run together in OCR; misread brackets): illirestiti, qu[on\ia\m\ → illi restiti, qu[on]ia[m].

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.11 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:314; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-11

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-11) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.12Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:314

Prius enim quam uenirent quidam a[b] Iacobo , cum gentibus edebat. Cum his qui erant ex gentibus manducabat, sciens sibi ostensum ut nullius generis hominem uocaret inmundum. Cum autem uenisse[n]t, subtrahebat et segregabat se , timens eos qui ex circumcisione erant. [Non] ideo reprehensibilis erat, [quia cum illis edebat, sed] quia se postea propter homines subtrahebat.

"For before certain men came from James, he ate with the gentiles." He ate with those who were from the gentiles, knowing that it had been shown him to call no man of any race unclean. "But when they came, he drew back and separated himself, fearing those of the circumcision." He was blameworthy because he afterwards withdrew for the sake of men.

Gal 2:12 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 10:28 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Peter was at fault for withdrawing from gentiles out of fear.

Souter brackets the b of ab, the n of uenissent, and "not ... because he ate with them, but"; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slips): a[6] lacobo → a[b] Iacobo; nulhus → nullius.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.12 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:314; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-12

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-12) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.13Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:314–315

Et abducti sunt in hypocrisin simul cum illo et ceteri Iudaei, ita ut et Barnabas duceretur [ab eis] in hac simulatione [eorum]. Qui mecum ad gentes missus nihil inter eos docuerat esse discriminis.

"And the rest of the Jews joined him in hypocrisy, so that even Barnabas was led away in the pretense." He who, sent with me to the gentiles, had taught that there was no distinction among them.

Gal 2:13 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Even Barnabas was drawn into Peter's pretense.

Souter brackets "by them" and eorum; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; misread bracket): [ah eis\ → [ab eis]; simulations [eorum\ → simulatione [eorum].

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.13 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:314–315; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-13

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-13) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.14Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:315

Sed cum uidissem quod non recta uia incederent ad ueritatem euangelii. Quamuis hoc propter scandalum faceret Iudeorum, tamen publice illum conueni, ut et Iudaeis superbia et genti[li]bus desperatio tolleretur. Dixi Petro coram omnibus. Publicum scandalum non poterat priuatim curari. Si tu, cum sis Iudaeus , gentiliter uiuis. Si tu non tenes quod natus es, quo modo illos facis tenere quod nati non sunt? rationem reddit, non iniuriam facit. Et non Iudaice. Non ex operibus legis, sed sola fide, sicut et gentes, uitam in Christo inuenisse te nosti. Quo modo gentes cogis Iudaizare? Dum te subtrahis, tamquam a peccatoribus.

"But when I saw that they were not walking straight toward the truth of the gospel." Although he did this because of the scandal of the Jews, yet I confronted him publicly, so that pride might be taken from the Jews and despair from the gentiles. "I said to Peter before all." A public scandal could not be cured privately. "If you, being a Jew, live like a gentile." If you do not keep what you were born to, how do you make them keep what they were not born to? He gives a reason; he does no injury. "And not like a Jew." You know that you found life in Christ not by works of the law but by faith alone, as the gentiles did. "How do you compel the gentiles to Judaize?" When you withdraw as if from sinners.

Gal 2:14 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul's public rebuke of Peter: the Jews too were saved by faith alone, not by works of the law.

"By faith alone" renders sola fide. Souter brackets -li- in gentilibus; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): euangdii → euangelii; ilium → illum; Thxi Petro → Dixi Petro; ludaeus → Iudaeus; ludaice → Iudaice.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.14 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:315; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-14

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-14) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.15Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:315

Nos natura Iudaei, et non ex gentibus peccatores . Peccatores tamen eramus, quia ‘conclusit scriptura omnia sub peccato.’

"We, Jews by nature, and not sinners from the gentiles." Yet we were sinners, because "Scripture has shut up all under sin."

Gal 2:15 (quotation, high confidence) · Gal 3:22 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Jews too were sinners.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Iudad → Iudaei.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.15 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:315; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-15

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-15) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.16Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:315–316

Scientes autem quoniam non iustificatur homo ex operibus legis . Opera legis circumcisio et sabbatum [et] dies festi et cetera, quae non propter iustitiam, sed ad edomandam populi duritiam sunt mandata. [Siue: Non iustificatur hoc tempore.] Nisi per fidem Christi Iesu, et nos in Christum Iesum credi[di]mus , ut iustificemur ex fide, et non [ ex ] operibus legis, quoniam ex operibus legis non iustificabitur omnis caro [ hoc tempore],

"But knowing that a man is not justified by works of the law." The works of the law are circumcision, the sabbath, the feast days, and the rest, which were commanded not for righteousness but to tame the hardness of the people. "Except through faith in Christ Jesus; we too have believed in Christ Jesus, so that we may be justified by faith and not by works of the law; because by works of the law no flesh will be justified,"

Gal 2:16 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The ceremonial works of the law, given to curb hardness, do not justify.

Souter brackets et, "Or: is not justified at this time," -di- in credidimus, ex, and "at this time" at the end; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR stray mark; running head and line number leaked from the page; OCR slip): Sdentes → Scientes; iustijicatur → iustificatur; man,data → mandata; jidem → fidem; lesum → Iesum; PELAGI EXPOSmO [H 17quoniam ex operibus legis rum → quoniam ex operibus legis non.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.16 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:315–316; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-16

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-16) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.17Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:316

quod si quaerentes iustificari in Christo, inuenti sumus [et] ipsi peccatores , ergo Christus peccati minister est? absit! Si enim gentes fides sola non saluat, nec nos, qui[a] ex operibus nemo iustificatur. ergo adhuc peccatores sumus, et Christus peccatorum minister est, tamquam non ualens indulgere.

"But if, seeking to be justified in Christ, we ourselves also were found sinners, is Christ then a minister of sin? Far from it!" If faith alone does not save the gentiles, neither does it save us, because no one is justified by works. Then we are still sinners, and Christ is a minister of sinners, as though he could not forgive.

Gal 2:17 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: If faith alone did not save, Christ could not forgive, which is absurd.

"Faith alone" renders fides sola. Souter brackets et and the a of quia; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): innenti → inuenti; pecCatorum → peccatorum.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.17 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:316; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-17

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-17) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.18Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:316

Si enim quae destruxi , haec iterum aedifico , praeuaricatorem me constituo. Destruxi [nil] amplius habere Iudaeum. si hoc, ut illi dicunt, rursus aedifico, ipse meae sententiae praeuaricator inuenior.

"For if I build again what I destroyed, I make myself a transgressor." I destroyed the claim that the Jew has anything more. If I build this again, as they say, I am found a transgressor of my own judgment.

Gal 2:18 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Rebuilding Jewish privilege would contradict Paul's own teaching.

Souter brackets nil; left out, the sense kept.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.18 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:316; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-18

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-18) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.19Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:316–317

Ego enim per legem legi mortuus sum . Per legem Christi legi litterae. Siue: Per ipsam ueterem ipsi sum mortuus, quia ipsa se cessaturam esse pr[a]edixi[t]. Ut deo uiuam. Qui legem suam innouauit. [Cum] Christo cruci fixus sum. Omnibus peccatis quibus lex est data, sum mortuus : ergo lex mihi minime est necessaria. Uiuo autem , iam non ego. Uetus homo. Uiuit uero in me Christus. [In illo uiuit Christus,] in quo Christi uiget actus et uita. Quod autem [nunc] uiuo in carne[m ], in fide uiuo dei et Christi. In sola fide, quia nihil debeo legi. Qui me dilexit, et tradidit se [ipsum] pro me. Non pecuniam, non aliquod aliut pretium, sed se.

"For through the law I died to the law." Through the law of Christ, to the law of the letter. Or: through the old law itself I died to it, because it foretold that it would cease. "So that I may live to God." Who renewed his law. "I have been crucified with Christ." I have died to all the sins for which the law was given: so the law is not necessary for me at all. "And I live, now not I." The old man. "But Christ lives in me." In whom Christ's conduct and life flourish. "And the life I now live in the flesh, I live in the faith of God and of Christ." In faith alone, because I owe nothing to the law. "Who loved me and gave himself for me." Not money, not some other price, but himself.

Gal 2:19 (quotation, high confidence) · Gal 2:20 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Dead to sin with Christ, Paul lives by faith alone and owes nothing to the law.

The section covers Gal 2:19–20. Souter brackets Cum, "Christ lives in him," nunc, the m of carnem, and ipsum; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; words run together in OCR): Peripsam → Per ipsam; cruci jixus → cruci fixus.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.19 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:316–317; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-19

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-19) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

2.21Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:317

Non abicio gratiam dei. Non debeo esse illi ingratus, qui me tantum dilexit, ut pro me etiam moreretur : abiecta est enim gratia, si mihi sola non sufficit. Si enim per legem iustitia , ergo Christus mortuus est gratis. Si lex poterat iustificare, superflue Christus est mortuus. O insensati Galatae. Non est contrarium saluatoris uerbo, quo fratrem fatuum uocari prohibuit: non enim [hic] dicitur sine causa. Quis uos fascinauit? Per uulgi uerbum inuidiam significauit, sicut ait Salomon : ‘fascinatio nugacitatis obscurat bona.’ Ante quorum oculos Christus Iesus [proscriptus est], Quibus per meam praedicationem [ita] manifestata est passio eius, ut ipsum ante uos pendere putaretis: proscriptus [autem hoc] est, sententiam damnationis accepit. In uobis crucifixus. Quasi apud uos omnia facta sint. Siue sic: Quern uere pro damnato et mortuo etiam nunc uilem habetis, dum putatis eum uobis non sufficere ad salutem.

"I do not reject the grace of God." I ought not to be ungrateful to him who loved me so much as even to die for me: for grace is rejected if it alone does not suffice me. "For if righteousness is through the law, then Christ died for nothing." If the law could justify, Christ died needlessly. "O foolish Galatians." This is not contrary to the Savior's word by which he forbade calling a brother a fool: for here it is not said without cause. "Who has bewitched you?" By a popular word he meant envy, as Solomon says: "The bewitching of trifling obscures good things." "Before whose eyes Christ Jesus [was proscribed]," To whom his passion was so manifested by my preaching that you thought he was hanging before you; "proscribed" means that he received the sentence of condemnation. "Crucified among you." As though everything had been done among you. Or thus: whom you truly regard even now as worthless, as one condemned and dead, since you think that he does not suffice you for salvation.

Gal 2:21 (quotation, high confidence) · Gal 3:1 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:22 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Seeking righteousness by the law makes Christ's death pointless; the Galatians have been bewitched.

The section covers Gal 2:21–3:1. The "Solomon" saying is Wis 4:12. Souter brackets hic, "was proscribed" in the lemma (kept in brackets because the comment explains it), ita, and "this"; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; verse number leaked from the page; word split in OCR): inihi → mihi; 1 0 insensati → O insensati; hie → hic; ‘ f ascinatio → ‘fascinatio; [proscriptits est] → [proscriptus est]; crucijixus → crucifixus.

Extrabiblical texts: Wis 4:12 (Wisdom of Solomon [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation)

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 2.21 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:317; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/2-21

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-2-21) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

Chapter 3

3.2Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:317–318

Hoc solum uolo a uobis discere. Hoc unum uos interrogo. Ex operibus legis spiritum accepistis an ex auditu fidei ? Si ex merito fidei spiritum accepistis, quid uobis lex amplius poterit dare?

"This only I want to learn from you." This one thing I ask you. "Did you receive the Spirit by works of the law, or by the hearing of faith?" If you received the Spirit by the merit of faith, what more will the law be able to give you?

Gal 3:2 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The Spirit came by faith, so the law can add nothing.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): jidei → fidei.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.2 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:317–318; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-2

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-2) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.3Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318

Sic stulti estis [ut] , cum spiritu coeperitis , nunc carne consum[m]emini? Cum nec Iudaei aliter spiritum accipiant quam per fidem [Christi], uos e contrario putatis uobis spiritum non sufficere sine lege?

"Are you so foolish that, having begun with the Spirit, you are now being perfected by the flesh?" Since not even the Jews receive the Spirit otherwise than through faith, do you, on the contrary, think that the Spirit does not suffice you without the law?

Gal 3:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Beginning in the Spirit, the Galatians should not seek perfection in the law.

Souter brackets ut, the second m of consummemini, and Christi; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread brackets; OCR slips; word split in OCR): \ut\ → [ut]; came con sum[m\emini → carne consum[m]emini.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.3 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-3

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-3) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.4Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318

Tanta passi estis sine causa , si tamen sine causa? Tanta sine causa pro Christo tolerastis, si tamen non iterum corrigatis? Siue: Quod hic ‘si tamen" non dubitantis sermo sit, sed potius confirmantis, secundum illud: ‘si tamen iustum est apud deum retribuere his qui uos tribulant [, tribulationem].’

"Did you suffer so many things in vain, if indeed in vain?" Did you endure so much for Christ in vain, if you do not correct yourselves again? Or: "if indeed" here is not the word of one doubting but rather of one confirming, according to the saying: "if indeed it is just with God to repay those who afflict you."

Gal 3:4 (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Thess 1:6 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The Galatians' sufferings for Christ will be wasted if they do not return.

Souter brackets "with affliction" at the end of the quotation; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): hie → hic.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.4 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-4

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-4) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.5Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318

Qui ergo tribuit uobis spiritum et operatur uirtutes in uobis , ex operibus legis an ex auditu fidei? Si spiritum sanctum sola fide accepistis, qui non nisi a iustis accipitur, iustos sine legis oneribus [uel operibus] esse uos constat.

"So he who supplies the Spirit to you and works powers among you, does he do it by works of the law, or by the hearing of faith?" If you received the Holy Spirit by faith alone, who is received only by the righteous, it is clear that you are righteous without the burdens of the law.

Gal 3:5 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Receiving the Spirit by faith shows the Galatians are righteous without the law.

"By faith alone" renders sola fide. Souter brackets "or works"; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.5 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-5

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-5) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.6Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318

Sicut Abraham credidit deo et reputatum est illi ad iustitiam. Ita et uobis ad iustitiam [sola] sufficit fides.

"As Abraham believed God, and it was reckoned to him as righteousness." So for you too faith suffices for righteousness.

Gal 3:6 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 15:6 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Faith suffices for righteousness, as for Abraham.

Souter brackets sola ("alone"); left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.6 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-6

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-6) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.7Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318

Intellegite ergo qu[on]ia[m] qui ex fide sunt, hi[i] filii sunt Habrahae . Siue Iudaei, siue Greci non carnaliter circumcisi.

"Know therefore that those who are of faith are the sons of Abraham." Whether Jews or Greeks, not circumcised in the flesh.

Gal 3:7 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Believers are Abraham's sons.

Souter brackets letters of quoniam and an i in hii; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread bracket): hi[i\ → hi[i].

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.7 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-7

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-7) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.8Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318

Prouidens autem scriptura quia ex fide iustificat gentes deus, praenuntiauit Abrahae [ dicens ] quia Benedicentur in te omnes gentes. Non una gens Iudaica.

"And Scripture, foreseeing that God justifies the gentiles by faith, announced beforehand to Abraham that in you all nations will be blessed." Not the one Jewish nation.

Gal 3:8 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 12:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: God promised Abraham that all nations would be blessed by faith.

Souter brackets dicens; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.8 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-8

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-8) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.9Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318–319

Igitur qui ex fide sunt , benedicentur cum fideli Abraham. Non enim [omnes] circumcisae sunt gentes ut possint ex operibus benedici.

"So those who are of faith will be blessed with faithful Abraham." For the nations are not circumcised, so as to be able to be blessed by works.

Gal 3:9 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The uncircumcised nations are blessed by faith.

Souter brackets omnes; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slips): benedieentur cum jideli → benedicentur cum fideli.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.9 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:318–319; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-9

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-9) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.10Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:319

Quicumque enim ex operibus legis sunt, sub maledicto sunt. Quia ita praeualuit consuetudo peccandi, ut nemo iam perficiat legem. Nam scriptum est [ quoniam ]: Maledictus omnis qui non perseuerauerit in omnibus quae scripta sunt in libro legis , ut faci[a]t ea. Hoc est, qui non omnia usque ad finem [legis] mandata seruauerit. quaeritur sane hoc loco si fides sola sufficiat Christiano, et utrum non sit maledictus qui euangelica praecepta contemnit: sed fides ad hoc proficit, ut in primitiis credulitatis accedentem ad deum iustificet, si deinceps in iustificatione permaneat. ceterum sine operibus fidei — non legis — mortua est fides: ‘qui’ enim ‘credit deo, adtendit mandatis,’ et eos qui euangelii praecepta contemnunt, maledictos esse [et] saluator edocuit dicens: ‘discedite a me, maledicti, in ignem aeternum,’ et Iacobus apostolus, qui unius mandati transgressorem omnium re[r]um esse monstrauit. Quoniam autem in lege nemo iustificatur apud deum manifestum est. Quia nemo illam seruat, ideo praedictum est quod sola fide iustificandi essent credentes. Quia iustus ex fide uiuit . Perfecta fides est non solum Christum, sed et Christo credere.

"For all who are of the works of the law are under a curse." Because the habit of sinning has so prevailed that no one now fulfils the law. "For it is written: Cursed is everyone who does not continue in all things written in the book of the law, to do them." That is, who has not kept all the commandments to the end. The question is indeed asked in this place whether faith alone suffices for a Christian, and whether he is not cursed who despises the precepts of the gospel. But faith avails for this: at the beginning of belief it justifies the one who comes to God, if he thereafter remains in justification; otherwise, without works of faith (not of the law) faith is dead: for "he who believes God attends to the commandments," and the Savior taught that those who despise the precepts of the gospel are cursed, saying: "Depart from me, you cursed, into eternal fire"; and the apostle James showed that the transgressor of one commandment is guilty of all. "But that no one is justified by the law before God is manifest." Because no one keeps it, it was foretold that believers would be justified by faith alone. "Because the righteous lives by faith." Perfect faith is not only to believe in Christ but also to believe Christ.

Gal 3:10 (quotation, high confidence) · Gal 3:11 (quotation, high confidence) · Deut 27:26 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 25:41 (quotation, high confidence) · Jas 2:10 (allusion, high confidence) · Jas 2:26 (allusion, high confidence) · Hab 2:4 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Faith alone justifies at conversion, but faith without the works of faith is dead.

The section covers Gal 3:10–11. Pelagius limits justification by faith alone to the beginning of belief and requires the works of faith afterwards; translated as written. The saying "he who believes God attends to the commandments" is Sir 32:24 (Greek numbering). Souter brackets quoniam, the a of faciat, legis, and et; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; verse number 11 leaked from the page; word split in OCR): fad[a]t → faci[a]t; conte mnunt → contemnunt; ll Quoniam → Quoniam.

Extrabiblical texts: Sir 32:24 (Sirach [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation)

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.10 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:319; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-10

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-10) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.12Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:319–320

Lex autem non est ex fide. Non iustificat sola[m] fide[m]. Sed qui fecerit ea [homo], uiuet in eis . Suo labore conquirebant iustitiam, ut uiuerent in aeternum.

"But the law is not of faith." It does not justify by faith alone. "But he who does them shall live in them." They sought righteousness by their own labor, so as to live forever.

Gal 3:12 (quotation, high confidence) · Lev 18:5 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The law offered life to those who kept it by their own labor.

Souter brackets the m of solam and fidem, and homo; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.12 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:319–320; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-12

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-12) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.13Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:320

Christus nos redemit de maledicto legis, factus pro nobis maledictum. Qui sub maledicto non erat, quia per omnia legem impleuit, et ideo indebito maledicto eius nostrum debitum conpensatum est, ut libere transeuntes [ad] fidem legis opera non curemus. Quia scriptum est: Maledictus homo qui pendet in ligno. Sic est scriptum: ‘si cui fuerit iudicium mortis, suspendetis [eum] in ligno, [et] non manebit corpus eius in ligno, quia maledictus omnis qui pendet in ligno.’ non ideo maledictus quia pendet, sed ideo pendet quia maledictus. Christus ergo, cui non erat iudicium mortis nec causa subeundae crucis et maledicti reatus, pro nobis maledictum suscepit, quia omnes maledicti eramus et debiti ligno quasi maledicti, qui non permansimus in omnibus quae scripta erant in lege: utrumque enim eadem lex decreuerat maledictum.

"Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us." He who was not under the curse, because he fulfilled the law in all things; and so by his undeserved curse our debt was paid, so that, passing freely to faith, we need not care for the works of the law. "For it is written: Cursed is the man who hangs on a tree." It is written thus: "If anyone has a judgment of death, you shall hang him on a tree, and his body shall not remain on the tree, because cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree." Not cursed because he hangs, but he hangs because he is cursed. So Christ, for whom there was no judgment of death, no cause for undergoing the cross, and no guilt of the curse, took the curse upon himself for us, because we were all cursed and owed to the tree as cursed, we who did not continue in all that was written in the law: for the same law had decreed both curses.

Gal 3:13 (quotation, high confidence) · Deut 21:22 (quotation, high confidence) · Deut 21:23 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The sinless Christ bore the law's curse of the tree in place of all who broke the law.

The quotation is Deut 21:22–23 in a Latin form. Souter brackets ad, eum, and et; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Christies → Christus; foetus → factus.

Topics: Christology

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.13 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:320; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-13

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-13) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.14Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:320–321

Ut in nationibus benedictio Abrahae fieret [in] Christo [Iesu]. [Ut sola fide gentes benedicerentur in Christo,] sicut promissum fuerat Abrahae. Ut pollicitationem spiritus accipiamus per fidem . Quae per Iohel prophetam omni carni promissa est, id est, uniuerso generi hominum.

"So that the blessing of Abraham might come to the nations in Christ," as had been promised to Abraham. "So that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith." Which was promised through the prophet Joel to all flesh, that is, to the whole human race.

Gal 3:14 (quotation, high confidence) · Joel 2:28 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The gentiles receive Abraham's blessing and the promised Spirit by faith.

Souter brackets in, Iesu, and "that the gentiles might be blessed in Christ by faith alone"; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): jieret → fieret; pollidtationem → pollicitationem.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.14 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:320–321; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-14

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-14) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.15Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321

Fratres , secundum hominem dico: tamen hominis confirmatum testamentum nemo irritum facit neque super ordinat.

"Brothers, I speak in human terms: yet no one annuls or adds to a man's ratified testament."

Gal 3:15 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of Gal 3:15.

The comment follows in the next section.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): testamenium → testamentum; ordinal → ordinat.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.15 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-15

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-15) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.16Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321

Abrahae dictae sunt promissiones et semini eius. non dicit ‘et seminibus ,’ tamquam [in] multis [, sed sicut in uno , et semini tuo , quod est Christus]. Humano utor exemplo: comparari enim humana diuinis propter euidentiorem intellectum possunt aequari [uero] non possunt.

"The promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. He does not say 'and to seeds,' as of many, [but as of one, 'and to your seed,' which is Christ]." I use a human example: for human things can be compared to divine for the sake of clearer understanding, but they cannot be made equal.

Gal 3:16 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 22:18 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: A human comparison illustrates God's promise to Abraham's one seed, Christ.

Souter brackets in and the end of the lemma (kept in brackets, since it is the point of the verse), and uero; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.16 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-16

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-16) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.17Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321

Hoc autem dico testamentum confirmatum a domino. [In Christo.] Quae post quadringentos et triginta annos facta est lex , non infirmata ad euacuandam [re]promissionem. Quae post tantum temporis data est lex, testamentum illud non potest euacuare, quod Abrahae deus confirmauit in Christo.

"This I say: a testament ratified by the Lord, the law, which came four hundred and thirty years later, does not annul, so as to make the promise void." The law, given after so long a time, cannot make void that testament which God ratified to Abraham in Christ.

Gal 3:17 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The later law cannot annul God's covenant with Abraham.

Souter brackets "in Christ" in the lemma and re- in repromissionem; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread bracket; OCR slip): testamenium → testamentum; \re]promissionem → [re]promissionem.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.17 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-17

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-17) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.18Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321

Si enim ex lege hereditas [data est], iam non ex repromissione: Abrahae autem per repromissionem donauit deus. Non per legem, quae nondum erat.

"For if the inheritance is from the law, it is no longer from promise; but God granted it to Abraham through promise." Not through the law, which did not yet exist.

Gal 3:18 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Abraham's inheritance came by promise, before the law.

Souter brackets "was given"; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.18 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-18

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-18) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.19Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321–322

Quid igitur lex? Quare ergo data est [lex]? Propter transgressionem posita est , donec ueniat semen cui repromissum est. Propterea data est, ut [nos] non transgredi uel cogeret uel doceret, usque dum Christus ueniret. Disposita per angelos. Quia legimus angelos per legem [saepe] populo adfuisse. In manu mediatoris. Siue Moysi, ut quidam putant, siue Christi: “nam et Moyse[s],” aiunt, “inter deum et populum medius fuit.”

"Why then the law?" Why then was it given? "It was put in place because of transgression, until the seed should come to whom the promise was made." It was given for this reason: to compel or teach people not to transgress, until Christ should come. "Ordained through angels." Because we read that angels were present to the people through the law. "By the hand of a mediator." Either Moses, as some think, or Christ: "for Moses too," they say, "was a mediator between God and the people."

Gal 3:19 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The law restrained transgression until Christ came; it was given through angels and a mediator.

Souter brackets lex, nos, saepe, and the s of Moyses; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip; words run together in OCR): donee → donec; quidamputant,siueChristi: “nametMoyse[s],” → quidam putant, siue Christi: “nam et Moyse[s],”.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.19 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:321–322; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-19

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-19) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.20Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322

Mediator autem unius non est. Unius partis, qui[a] inter deum et hominem medius fuit. Deus autem unus est. Hoc ideo addi[di]t ne quis putaret Christum ab unitate diuinae naturae [penitus esse] diuisum, quia mediatoris suscepisset officium.

"But a mediator is not of one." Not of one party, because he was mediator between God and man. "But God is one." He added this lest anyone think that Christ had been divided from the unity of the divine nature because he had taken on the office of mediator.

Gal 3:20 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Christ is mediator yet not divided from the one divine nature.

Souter brackets the a of quia, -di- in addidit, and "utterly"; left out.

Topics: Christology, Trinity

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.20 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-20

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-20) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.21Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322

Lex ergo aduersus promissa dei [est]? absit! si enim data esset lex quae posset uiuificare , uere ex lege esset iustitia . Sicut et ad Romanos ait: ‘quod inpossibile erat legi, in quo infirmabatur,’ scilicet quia a nemine seruabatur.

"Is the law then against the promises of God? Far from it! For if a law had been given that could give life, righteousness would truly be from the law." As he says to the Romans: "What was impossible for the law, in that it was weak," namely because no one kept it.

Gal 3:21 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 8:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The law could not give life because no one kept it.

Souter brackets est; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR misread quotation mark; OCR slip): uiuijicare → uiuificare; infirmabatur/ → infirmabatur,’.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.21 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-21

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-21) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.22Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322

Sed conclusit scriptura omnia sub peccato. Hoc est, deprehendit. Ut [uere] promissio ex fide Iesu Christi daretur credentibus. Ut necesse esset sola fide saluari credentes.

"But Scripture has shut up all things under sin." That is, it has caught them out. "So that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe." So that it would be necessary for believers to be saved by faith alone.

Gal 3:22 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Scripture's verdict of universal sin leaves salvation by faith alone.

"By faith alone" renders sola fide. Souter brackets uere; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.22 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-22

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-22) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.23Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322

Prius quam autem ueniret fides. Prius quam ueniret cui crederemus. Sub lege custodiebamur conclusi in eam fidem quae [postea] futura erat ut reuelaretur. Seruabamur a lege huic fidei quae erat suo tempore reuelanda.

"But before faith came." Before he came in whom we should believe. "We were kept under the law, shut up for that faith which was to be revealed." We were kept by the law for this faith, which was to be revealed in its own time.

Gal 3:23 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The law guarded Israel until the faith in Christ was revealed.

Souter brackets postea; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): earn → eam.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.23 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-23

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-23) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.24Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322

Itaque lex pedagogus noster fuit in Christo , ut ex fide iustific[ar]emur. Ad disciplinam nos artius retenta[n]s, perfectam doctrinam uero magistro seruabat.

"So the law was our tutor in Christ, so that we might be justified by faith." Holding us more strictly to discipline, it kept the perfect teaching for the true master.

Gal 3:24 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The law was a strict tutor until Christ the true teacher.

Souter brackets -ar- in iustificaremur and the n of retentans; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): pedagogue → pedagogus.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.24 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-24). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-24

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-24) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.25Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322–323

At ubi uenit fides , iam non sub pedagogo sumus . Perfect[a]e aetatis discipuli non indigent pedagogo.

"But when faith has come, we are no longer under a tutor." Disciples of mature age do not need a tutor.

Gal 3:25 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Mature believers no longer need the law's tutelage.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.25 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:322–323; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-25). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-25

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-25) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.26Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:323

Omnes enim fideles dei estis per fidem in Christo Iesu . Aequaliter et Iudaei et gentes per solam fidem qua credidistis Christo.

"For you are all faithful ones of God through faith in Christ Jesus." Jews and gentiles equally, through faith alone, by which you believed Christ.

Gal 3:26 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Jews and gentiles alike belong to God through faith alone.

The lemma reads "faithful ones" (fideles). "Through faith alone" renders per solam fidem.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slips): Jideles dei estis per jidem → fideles dei estis per fidem.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.26 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:323; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-26). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-26

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-26) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.27Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:323

Nam quicumque in Christo baptizati estis , Christum induistis. Filium dei induti, et toti membra eius effecti, filii dei sitis necesse est. ut quid ergo uobis legem, quae seruis et peccatoribus data est, quibus omnia per baptismum peccata remissa sunt?

"For all of you who were baptized in Christ have put on Christ." Having put on the Son of God, and been made wholly his members, you must be sons of God. Why then do you want the law, which was given to slaves and sinners, you whose sins have all been forgiven through baptism?

Gal 3:27 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The baptized have put on Christ and do not need the law given to sinners.

Topics: Baptism

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.27 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:323; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-27). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-27

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-27) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.28Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:323

Non est Iudaeus neque Grecus, non est seruus neque liber. Ante enim non solum inter [Iu]d[a]eum et Grecum, sed etiam [inter tribum] et tribum erat magna diuersitas. Non est masculus neque femina: sed omnes uos unum estis in Christo Iesu.

"There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free." For before there was great difference not only between Jew and Greek, but also between tribe and tribe. "There is neither male nor female: but you are all one in Christ Jesus."

Gal 3:28 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: All distinctions vanish in Christ.

Souter brackets Iu- and the a of Iudaeum and "between tribe"; left out.

Notes on the original text

Digital text corrected (OCR slip): ludaeus → Iudaeus.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.28 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:323; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-28). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-28

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-28) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.

3.29Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:323

Si autem uos omnes unum estis in Christo Iesu, ergo Abrahae semen estis, secundum promissionem heredes. Si omnes unum corpus effecti estis Christi, Abrahae semen estis ut ueri heredes, non ex carnali semine, sed ex diuina promissione generati.

"And if you are all one in Christ Jesus, then you are Abraham's seed, heirs according to promise." If you have all been made one body of Christ, you are Abraham's seed, as true heirs, begotten not from carnal seed but from the divine promise.

Gal 3:29 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Members of Christ's body are Abraham's true heirs by promise.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. Gal. 3.29 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:323; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-29). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-galatas/3-29

BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-pelagius-expositiones-galatas-3-29) · Report an error

Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from Souter's Latin text (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.