Acts 12 in the early church
77 passages quote, allude to, or echo Acts 12, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 18 · 19 · 21 · 23 · 24 · 25
Acts 12:1
About that time, King Herod reached out to harm some who belonged to the church.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:1–2 | Church History 2.9.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Acts 12:1–7 | On Saint Athanasius 2.14 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Acts 12:1 | City of God 18.52 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
Acts 12:2
He had James, the brother of John, put to death with the sword.
Acts 12:3
And seeing that this pleased the Jews, Herod proceeded to seize Peter during the Feast of Unleavened Bread.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:3–11 | Church History 2.9.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Acts 12:3 | Homilies on Matthew 56.1 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
Acts 12:4
He arrested him and put him in prison, handing him over to be guarded by four squads of four soldiers each. Herod intended to bring him out to the people after the Passover.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:4 | Epistle of the Apostles 15 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 140-170 |
| Acts 12:4 | Canonical Epistle, canon 13 · Peter of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | AD 306 |
| Acts 12:4 | City of God 18.52 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
Acts 12:5
So Peter was kept in prison, but the church was fervently praying to God for him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:5 | Moral Rules (Moralia) 67 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-370 |
| Acts 12:5 | Letter 130.31 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
Acts 12:6
On the night before Herod was to bring him to trial, Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains, with sentries standing guard at the entrance to the prison.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:6–12 | Chapter 7 · Nicetas, bishop of Remesiana | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380–414 |
| Acts 12:6 | Homilies on Matthew 9.1 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| Acts 12:6–11 | Hexameron (Exameron) 4.13 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Acts 12:6 | Poem 15, lines 257–286 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
Acts 12:7
Suddenly an angel of the Lord appeared and a light shone in the cell. He tapped Peter on the side and woke him up, saying, “Get up quickly.” And the chains fell off his wrists.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:7 | Against Celsus 2.34 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Acts 12:7 | Prayer 1 1 · Anonymous | allusion, medium confidence | uncertain |
| Acts 12:7 | Catechetical Lecture 13.11 · Cyril of Jerusalem | allusion, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Acts 12:7 | Commentary on Matthew 11 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 353–355 |
| Acts 12:7 | Defence of His Flight 25 · Athanasius of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 357 |
| Acts 12:7 | Exposition of Psalm 118 14.6.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Acts 12:7 | Poem 15, lines 225–256 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Acts 12:7 | Poem 15, lines 257–286 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Acts 12:7 | Letters 18.7 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 394–413 |
| Acts 12:7 | On the Work of Monks 35 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 400–401 |
| Acts 12:7 | City of God 18.52 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
Acts 12:8
“Get dressed and put on your sandals,” said the angel. Peter did so, and the angel told him, “Wrap your cloak around you and follow me.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:8 | Tractates 5 · Gaudentius of Brescia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 397-410 |
| Acts 12:8 | The Institutes 1.1 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 419–426 |
Acts 12:9
So Peter followed him out, but he was unaware that what the angel was doing was real. He thought he was only seeing a vision.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:9 | Poem 15, lines 225–256 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Acts 12:9 | Literal Commentary on Genesis 12.14 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 401–415 |
| Acts 12:9 | Literal Commentary on Genesis 12.32 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 401–415 |
| Acts 12:9 | Enchiridion (Handbook on Faith, Hope, and Love) 20 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 421–423 |
| Acts 12:9 | Enchiridion (Handbook on Faith, Hope, and Love) 21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 421–423 |
Acts 12:10
They passed the first and second guards and came to the iron gate leading to the city, which opened for them by itself. When they had gone outside and walked the length of one block, the angel suddenly left him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:10 | Epistle of the Apostles 15 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 140-170 |
| Acts 12:10–11 | On Saint Athanasius 2.14 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
| Acts 12:10 | Poem 15, lines 225–256 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
| Acts 12:10 | Enchiridion (Handbook on Faith, Hope, and Love) 21 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 421–423 |
Acts 12:11
Then Peter came to himself and said, “Now I know for sure that the Lord has sent His angel and rescued me from Herod’s grasp and from everything the Jewish people were anticipating.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:11 | Commentary on Daniel 2.35 · Hippolytus of Rome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 202-204 |
| Acts 12:11 | Poem 15, lines 257–286 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
Acts 12:13
He knocked at the outer gate, and a servant girl named Rhoda came to answer it.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:13 | Commentary on Matthew 13.28 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
Acts 12:14
When she recognized Peter’s voice, she was so overjoyed that she forgot to open the gate, but ran inside and announced, “Peter is standing at the gate!”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:14 | Commentary on Matthew 13.28 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
Acts 12:15
“You are out of your mind,” they told her. But when she kept insisting it was so, they said, “It must be his angel.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:15 | On First Principles 1.8.1 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398) |
| Acts 12:15 | Homilies on Numbers 11.4 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Acts 12:15 | Commentary on Matthew 13.28 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 246–248 |
| Acts 12:15 | The Conferences 8.17 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
Acts 12:18
At daybreak there was no small commotion among the soldiers as to what had become of Peter.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:18 | Canonical Epistle, canon 13 · Peter of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | AD 306 |
| Acts 12:18–23 | On Saint Athanasius 2.14 · Lucifer of Cagliari | quotation, high confidence | ca. 356–361 |
Acts 12:19
After Herod had searched for him unsuccessfully, he examined the guards and ordered that they be executed. Then he went down from Judea to Caesarea and spent some time there.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:19 | Canonical Epistle, canon 13 · Peter of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | AD 306 |
| Acts 12:19 | Catechetical Lecture 14.14 · Cyril of Jerusalem | allusion, high confidence | ca. 350 |
| Acts 12:19 | Homilies on Matthew 9.1 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
Acts 12:21
On the appointed day, Herod donned his royal robes, sat on his throne, and addressed the people.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:21–23 | Church History 2.10.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |
| Acts 12:21–23 | Moral Rules (Moralia) 59 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-370 |
| Acts 12:21 | Poem 25, lines 129–160 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
Acts 12:23
Immediately, because Herod did not give glory to God, an angel of the Lord struck him down, and he was eaten by worms and died.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:23 | On the Deaths of the Persecutors 33.1 · Lactantius | echo, low confidence | ca. 314–315 |
| Acts 12:23 | Life of Constantine 1.57.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea | echo, low confidence | ca. 337–339 |
| Acts 12:23 | Question 102, section 2 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–384 |
| Acts 12:23 | Letter 131.16 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Acts 12:23 | Book of Heresies 28.1 · Philastrius of Brescia | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380s |
| Acts 12:23 | Letter 166.16 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| Acts 12:23 | Poem 25, lines 129–160 · Paulinus of Nola | allusion, high confidence | ca. 393–431 |
Acts 12:24
But the word of God continued to spread and multiply.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:24 | Homilies on Exodus 1.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
Acts 12:25
When Barnabas and Saul had fulfilled their mission to Jerusalem, they returned, bringing with them John, also called Mark.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acts 12:25 | Church History 7.25.15 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 300–325 |