Interpretation of the Psalms 119.1–127.6
Greek text: PG 80.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 119
119.1PG 80 80:1873
«᾿Ωδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν. » Ὁ Θεοδοτίων ᾄσμα τῶν ἀναβάσεων· ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος καὶ ὁ ᾿Ακύλας, εἰς τὰς ἀναβάσεις. Δηλοῦσι μέντοι αἱ ἀναβάσεις, ἢ οἱ ἀναβαθμοὶ, τοῦ αἰχμαλωτευθέντος λαοῦ τὴν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος ἐπάνοδον. Προειδυῖα γὰρ ἡ χάρις τοῦ Πνεύματος, καὶ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν, καὶ τὴν ἐσομένην ἐλευθερίαν, καὶ ταῦτα κἀκεῖνα προείρηκε · κἀκείνων ὠφέλειαν μηχανωμένη, καὶ ἡμῖν τὸ ἐντεῦθεν προσφέρουσα κέρδος. Οὐ τὰ αὐτὰ δὲ ἕκαστος τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν προθεσπίζει, ἀλλὰ ὁ μὲν τὰς ἐν Βαβυλῶνι συμφορὰς, ὁ δὲ τῆς ἐπανόδου τὰ εὐαγγέλια· ὁ δὲ τὴν κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν εὐφροσύνην· ἄλλος τοὺς μετὰ τὴν ἐπάνοδον γεγενημένους πολέμους· ἕτερος τοῦ ναοῦ τὴν οἰκοδομήν. Καὶ τὸ ποικίλον τῆς προφητείας ἐξελαύνει τῆς μελῳδίας τὸν κόρον. Ἕκαστος δὲ τούτων ἐσχημάτισται τῶν ψαλμῶν εἰς τὸν τῶν τηνικαῦτα γεγενημένων ἁγίων χορόν. Ἐκείνους γὰρ ὁ προφητικὸς εἰσάγει λόγος τὰ προκείμενα λέγοντας. Ὁ μέντοι πρῶτος τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν, καὶ τὰς συμφορὰς ἐξηγεῖται, καὶ τὴν θείαν εὐμένειαν. « Πρὸς Κύριον ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαί με ἐκέκραξα, καὶ εἰσήκουσέ μου. » Καὶ τὸ μέγεθος τῆς ἀνίας ἐδίδαξε τὸ προοίμιον, καὶ τὴν τῆς θείας φιλανθρωπίας ὑπερβολήν. ᾿Ανιώμενος γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐδεήθην τοῦ Δεσπότου, καὶ τῆς εὐμενείας ἀπήλαυσα· εἶτα λέγει καὶ τίσιν ἐχρήσατο λόγοις δεόμενος.
«᾿Ōdē tōn anabathmōn. » Ho Theodotiōn ąsma tōn anabaseōn; ho de Symmachos kai ho ᾿Akylas, eis tas anabaseis. Dēlousi mentoi hai anabaseis, ē hoi anabathmoi, tou aichmalōteuthentos laou tēn apo Babylōnos epanodon. Proeiduia gar hē charis tou Pneumatos, kai tēn aichmalōsian, kai tēn esomenēn eleutherian, kai tauta kakeina proeirēke ; kakeinōn ōpheleian mēchanōmenē, kai hēmin to enteuthen prospherousa kerdos. Ou ta auta de hekastos tōn anabathmōn prothespizei, alla ho men tas en Babylōni symphoras, ho de tēs epanodou ta euangelia; ho de tēn kata tēn hodon euphrosynēn; allos tous meta tēn epanodon gegenēmenous polemous; heteros tou naou tēn oikodomēn. Kai to poikilon tēs prophēteias exelaunei tēs melǭdias ton koron. Hekastos de toutōn eschēmatistai tōn psalmōn eis ton tōn tēnikauta gegenēmenōn hagiōn choron. Ekeinous gar ho prophētikos eisagei logos ta prokeimena legontas. Ho mentoi prōtos tōn anabathmōn, kai tas symphoras exēgeitai, kai tēn theian eumeneian. « Pros Kyrion en tǭ thlibesthai me ekekraxa, kai eisēkouse mou. » Kai to megethos tēs anias edidaxe to prooimion, kai tēn tēs theias philanthrōpias hyperbolēn. ᾿Aniōmenos gar, phēsin, edeēthēn tou Despotou, kai tēs eumeneias apēlausa; eita legei kai tisin echrēsato logois deomenos.
"A song of the ascents." Theodotion has "A song of the goings up"; Symmachus and Aquila, "For the goings up." The goings up, or ascents, indicate the return of the captive people from Babylon. For the grace of the Spirit, foreseeing both the captivity and the freedom to come, foretold both, contriving benefit for them and offering us the gain from it. Each of the Ascents does not foretell the same things: one foretells the misfortunes in Babylon, another the good news of the return, another the gladness on the road, another the wars that took place after the return, another the building of the temple. And the variety of the prophecy drives away weariness from the melody. Each of these psalms is cast in the person of the choir of saints of that time; for the prophetic word brings them in saying what is set before us. The first of the Ascents recounts both the misfortunes and the divine favor. "To the Lord in my affliction I cried, and he heard me." The opening taught both the greatness of the sorrow and the abundance of the divine love for humankind. "Being grieved," he says, "I entreated the Master and enjoyed his favor." Then he also says what words he used in entreating.
Ps 120:1 (119:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 120:1: the Songs of Ascents foretell the exiles' return from Babylon, each a different stage, in the voice of the saints of that time; the first tells of distress and God's answer.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter case): «᾿ᾠδὴ → «᾿Ωδὴ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 119.1 (PG 80 80:1873; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.2PG 80 80:1875
« Κύριε, ῥῦσαι τὴν ψυχήν μου ἀπὸ χειλέων ἀδίκων, καὶ ἀπὸ γλώσσης δολίας. » Ἱκετεύω, φησὶ, τῶν ἀδίκως ἐπιβουλευόντων καὶ δολεραῖς κεχρημένων ἀπάταις ἀπαλλαγῆναι. Τοιοῦτοι ἦσαν περὶ τῆς εὐχῆς πάγας τῷ Δανιὴλ τεθεικότες, οἱ πικροὶ τῶν κατὰ τὸν ᾿Ανανίαν κατήγοροι.
« Kyrie, rhysai tēn psychēn mou apo cheileōn adikōn, kai apo glōssēs dolias. » Hiketeuō, phēsi, tōn adikōs epibouleuontōn kai dolerais kechrēmenōn apatais apallagēnai. Toioutoi ēsan peri tēs euchēs pagas tǭ Daniēl tetheikotes, hoi pikroi tōn kata ton ᾿Ananian katēgoroi.
"O Lord, deliver my soul from unjust lips and from a deceitful tongue." "I beg," he says, "to be rid of those who plot unjustly and use treacherous deceits." Such were those who set snares for Daniel concerning his prayer, and the bitter accusers of Hananiah and his companions.
Ps 120:2 (119:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Dan 6:4 (allusion, high confidence) · Dan 3:8 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 120:2: the deceitful tongues are like those who plotted against Daniel and accused his three companions.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing; stray letters (OCR)): Ικετεύω → Ἱκετεύω; περὶ θε τῆς εὐχῆς → περὶ τῆς εὐχῆς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 119.2 (PG 80 80:1875; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.3PG 80 80:1875
« Τί δοθείη σοι, καὶ τί προστεθείη σοι πρὸς γλῶσσαν δολίαν; Τὰ βέλη τοῦ δυνατοῦ ἠκονημένα, σὺν τοῖς ἄνθραξι τοῖς ἐρημικοῖς. › Ἡ χάρις τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐνταῦθα τοὺς ἀθυμοῦντας ψυχαγωγεῖ, καὶ τὴν δικαίαν ψῆφον ὑποδείκνυσιν ἐκφερομένην κατὰ τῶν κεχρημένων τῷ δόλῳ. Δυνατὸν μὲν γὰρ καλεῖ τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεόν· βέλη δὲ δυνατοῦ, τῶν τιμωριῶν τὴν ὀξύτητα· ἐκ μεταφορᾶς τῶν ἐφιεμένων βελῶν, καὶ ῥᾳδίως τὸν ἀέρα τεμνόντων. Ἄνθρακας δὲ ἐρημικοὺς, τὸ τῆς τιμωρίας σφοδρόν τε, καὶ δαπανητικὸν, καὶ ἐρημοποιόν. Τοιαύτη γὰρ τοῦ πυρὸς ἡ φύσις· ἀντὶ τοῦ, Μὴ ἀθύμει ὑπὸ τῆς ἀδίκου γλώττης βαλλόμενος· εὐτρεπεῖς γὰρ αἱ παρὰ τοῦ δικαίου κριτοῦ πεμπόμεναι τιμωρίαι, καὶ βελῶν ὀξύτητα, καὶ ἀνθράκων ἐρημοποιῶν μιμούμεναι τὴν ἐνέργειαν.
« Ti dotheiē soi, kai ti prostetheiē soi pros glōssan dolian? Ta belē tou dynatou ēkonēmena, syn tois anthraxi tois erēmikois. › Hē charis tou Pneumatos entautha tous athymountas psychagōgei, kai tēn dikaian psēphon hypodeiknysin ekpheromenēn kata tōn kechrēmenōn tǭ dolǭ. Dynaton men gar kalei ton tōn holōn Theon; belē de dynatou, tōn timōriōn tēn oxytēta; ek metaphoras tōn ephiemenōn belōn, kai rhądiōs ton aera temnontōn. Anthrakas de erēmikous, to tēs timōrias sphodron te, kai dapanētikon, kai erēmopoion. Toiautē gar tou pyros hē physis; anti tou, Mē athymei hypo tēs adikou glōttēs ballomenos; eutrepeis gar hai para tou dikaiou kritou pempomenai timōriai, kai belōn oxytēta, kai anthrakōn erēmopoiōn mimoumenai tēn energeian.
"What shall be given to you, and what shall be added to you, against a deceitful tongue? The sharpened arrows of the mighty one, with the coals of the desert." Here the grace of the Spirit consoles the despondent and shows the just sentence pronounced against those who use deceit. He calls the God of all "the mighty one," and the "arrows of the mighty one" the sharpness of the punishments, by a metaphor from arrows shot that easily cut the air; and "desert coals" the severity of the punishment, consuming and making desolate. For such is the nature of fire. That is: "Do not be despondent when struck by the unjust tongue; for the punishments sent by the just judge are ready, imitating the sharpness of arrows and the action of coals that make desolate."
Ps 120:3 (119:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 120:4 (119:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 120:3–4: God's punishments of deceivers are like sharp arrows and desolating coals, a comfort to their victims.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray mark (OCR)): Πνεύ ματος → Πνεύματος; ἐφιεμένων ' βελῶν → ἐφιεμένων βελῶν; εὐτρεπεῖς· γὰρ → εὐτρεπεῖς γὰρ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 119.3 (PG 80 80:1875; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.5PG 80 80:1875
« Οἴμοι, ὅτι ἡ παροικία μου ἐμακρύνθη.» Ταῦτα, φησὶν, ἔλεγον προσευχόμενος, καὶ τούτων ἀκούσας ὁ φιλάνθρωπος ᾤκτειρε, παροικίαν δὲ καλεῖ τὴν ἐν τῇ ἀλλοτρίᾳ διαγωγήν. ῾Ὁ δὲ ἑβδομηκοστὸς χρόνος μακρὸς εἰκότως νενόμισται · τοσαύτην γὰρ τὴν τελείαν τῶν ἀνθρώπων ὁ Προφήτης ἔφη ζωήν· • Αἱ ἡμέραι γὰρ, φησὶ, τῶν ἐτῶν ἡμῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτη. • Κατεσκήνωσα μετὰ τῶν σκηνωμάτων Κηδάρ. » Ὁ Κηδὰρ δεύτερος τοῦ Ἰσμαὴλ υἱὸς, οἱ δὲ τούτου ἀπόγονοι οὐ πόῤῥω τῆς Βαβυλῶνος μέχρι τήμερον ἐσκήνωνται. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν ἄνωθεν ἐναντίως διετέθησαν πρὸς ἀλλήλους · « Ἔκβαλε γὰρ, φησὶ, τὴν παιδίσκην, καὶ τὸν υἱὸν αὐτῆς · οὐ γὰρ μὴ κληρονομήσῃ ὁ υἱὸς τῆς παιδίσκης μετὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ μου Ἰσαάκ · εἰκότως σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ὀλοφύρονται, ὡς τῆς μὲν προτέρας ἐκπεσόντες ἐλευθερίας, ἐγγὺς δὲ τῶν ἡμιδούλων διάγοντες, καὶ δουλεύειν ἠναγκασμένοι.
« Oimoi, hoti hē paroikia mou emakrynthē.» Tauta, phēsin, elegon proseuchomenos, kai toutōn akousas ho philanthrōpos ǭkteire, paroikian de kalei tēn en tę̄ allotrią diagōgēn. ῾Ho de hebdomēkostos chronos makros eikotōs nenomistai ; tosautēn gar tēn teleian tōn anthrōpōn ho Prophētēs ephē zōēn; • Hai hēmerai gar, phēsi, tōn etōn hēmōn en autois hebdomēkonta etē. • Kateskēnōsa meta tōn skēnōmatōn Kēdar. » Ho Kēdar deuteros tou Ismaēl huios, hoi de toutou apogonoi ou porrhō tēs Babylōnos mechri tēmeron eskēnōntai. Epeidē toinyn anōthen enantiōs dietethēsan pros allēlous ; « Ekbale gar, phēsi, tēn paidiskēn, kai ton huion autēs ; ou gar mē klēronomēsę̄ ho huios tēs paidiskēs meta tou huiou mou Isaak ; eikotōs sphas autous olophyrontai, hōs tēs men proteras ekpesontes eleutherias, engys de tōn hēmidoulōn diagontes, kai douleuein ēnankasmenoi.
"Woe is me, that my sojourning has been prolonged." "I said this," he says, "while praying, and the One who loves humankind heard it and had pity." He calls life in a foreign land "sojourning." The seventieth year was rightly considered long; for the prophet said that the full life of human beings is that long: "For the days of our years in them are seventy years." "I dwelt among the tents of Kedar." Kedar was the second son of Ishmael, and his descendants are encamped not far from Babylon to this day. Since, then, they were opposed to each other from of old ("Cast out," it says, "the slave woman and her son; for the son of the slave woman shall not inherit with my son Isaac"), they fittingly lament themselves as having fallen from their former freedom, living near the half-slaves and forced to serve.
Ps 120:5 (119:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 90:10 (89:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 25:13 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 21:10 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 120:5: the seventy years of exile seemed long as a lifetime; Kedar, Ishmael's son, whose descendants live near Babylon, recalls the old enmity of Ishmael and Isaac.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent; letters lost (OCR); split word (OCR)): Οἱ μοι, ὅτι → Οἴμοι, ὅτι; σκήνωμάτων → σκηνωμάτων; · « βαλε γὰρ → · « Ἔκβαλε γὰρ; μετά τοῦ υἱοῦ → μετὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 119.5 (PG 80 80:1875; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
119.6PG 80 80:1877
« Πολλὰ παρώκησεν ἡ ψυχή μου. » Μακρὸς, φησί, τῆς παροικίας ὁ χρόνος. « Μετὰ τῶν μισούντων τὴν εἰρήνην ἤμην εἰρηνικός · ὅταν ἐλάλουν αὐτοῖς, ἐπολέμουν με δωρεάν. » Ἐνταῦθα μὲν τὴν Βαβυλωνίων μοχθηρίαν διδάσκει · οὐδὲν γὰρ, φησὶν, ἔχοντες ἐγκαλεῖν ἐπεβούλευον, καὶ τοῖς εἰρήνην ἀσπαζομένοις ὡς πολεμίοις ἐχρήσαντο.
« Polla parōkēsen hē psychē mou. » Makros, phēsi, tēs paroikias ho chronos. « Meta tōn misountōn tēn eirēnēn ēmēn eirēnikos ; hotan elaloun autois, epolemoun me dōrean. » Entautha men tēn Babylōniōn mochthērian didaskei ; ouden gar, phēsin, echontes enkalein epebouleuon, kai tois eirēnēn aspazomenois hōs polemiois echrēsanto.
"My soul has sojourned long." "Long," he says, "is the time of the sojourning." "With those who hate peace I was peaceable; when I spoke to them, they made war on me without cause." Here he teaches the wickedness of the Babylonians: "Having nothing to charge us with," he says, "they plotted against us, and treated those who embraced peace as enemies."
Ps 120:6 (119:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 120:7 (119:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 120:6–7: the Babylonians attacked the peaceable exiles without cause.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (closing quotation mark lost (OCR); word lost (OCR)): ψυχή μου. Μακρὸς → ψυχή μου. » Μακρὸς; Ἐνταῦθα μὲν • Βαβυλωνίων → Ἐνταῦθα μὲν τὴν Βαβυλωνίων.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 119.6 (PG 80 80:1877; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/119-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 120
120.1PG 80 80:1877
« ᾿Ωδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν. › Τοῖς ἐν Βαβυλῶνι ἔτι διάγουσι καὶ οὗτος πρόσφορος ὁ ψαλμός. «Ἥρα τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς μου εἰς τὰ ὄρη, ὅθεν ἥξει ἡ βοήθειά μου. • Ὑπὸ πολλῶν καὶ παντοδαπῶν περιστοιχιζόμενος ἀλγεινῶν, πάντοθεν περιῆγον τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς, ἐπικουρίας τινὸς ἀπολαῦσαι ποθῶν.
« ᾿Ōdē tōn anabathmōn. › Tois en Babylōni eti diagousi kai houtos prosphoros ho psalmos. «Hēra tous ophthalmous mou eis ta orē, hothen hēxei hē boētheia mou. • Hypo pollōn kai pantodapōn peristoichizomenos algeinōn, pantothen periēgon tous ophthalmous, epikourias tinos apolausai pothōn.
"A song of the ascents." This psalm too suits those still living in Babylon. "I lifted up my eyes to the mountains, from where my help will come." "Surrounded by many sorrows of every kind, I turned my eyes all around, longing to enjoy some help."
Ps 121:1 (120:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 121:1: the exiles in Babylon look all around for help.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letters): • ᾿ᾠδὴ → « ᾿Ωδὴ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 120.1 (PG 80 80:1877; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-1
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos-120-1) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
120.2PG 80 80:1877
« Ἡ βοήθειά μου παρὰ Κυρίου, τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν. » ᾿Αλλ' οἶδα ὡς ἀνθρωπίνης μὲν οὐδεμιᾶς ῥοπῆς ἀπολαύσω, ἀπόχρη δέ μοι μόνη τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡ εὐμένεια. Καὶ δεικνὺς τῆς βοηθείας τὸ δυνατὸν ἐπήγαγε· « Τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν.» Ὁ γὰρ ταῦτα τεκτηνάμενος λόγῳ ἱκανὸς ἐπαρκέσαι κἀμοί. Ἐντεῦθεν αὐτοῖς τὸ πρακτέον ὁ Προφήτης ἐξηγεῖται. « Μὴ δῴη εἰς σάλον τὸν πόδα σου, μηδὲ νυστάξῃ ὁ φυλάσσων σε. » Εἰ μείνοις, φησὶ, βεβαίαν ἔχων εἰς αὐτὸν τὴν ἐλπίδα, πάσης παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ τεύξῃ κηδεμονίας. Τὸ μέντοι, « Οὐ νυστάξῃ ὁ φυλάσσων σε, » ἀνθρωπίνως τέθεικεν, ἐκ μεταφορᾶς τῶν καὶ ποίμνια, καὶ στρατείας, καὶ πόλεις ἐπιμελῶς φυλαττόντων. Ὅτι γὰρ ἀπαθὴς ἡ θεία φύσις, διὰ τῶν ἐπιφερομένων ἐδήλωσεν.
« Hē boētheia mou para Kyriou, tou poiēsantos ton ouranon kai tēn gēn. » ᾿All' oida hōs anthrōpinēs men oudemias rhopēs apolausō, apochrē de moi monē tou Theou hē eumeneia. Kai deiknys tēs boētheias to dynaton epēgage; « Tou poiēsantos ton ouranon kai tēn gēn.» Ho gar tauta tektēnamenos logǭ hikanos eparkesai kamoi. Enteuthen autois to prakteon ho Prophētēs exēgeitai. « Mē dǭē eis salon ton poda sou, mēde nystaxę̄ ho phylassōn se. » Ei meinois, phēsi, bebaian echōn eis auton tēn elpida, pasēs par᾿ autou teuxę̄ kēdemonias. To mentoi, « Ou nystaxę̄ ho phylassōn se, » anthrōpinōs tetheiken, ek metaphoras tōn kai poimnia, kai strateias, kai poleis epimelōs phylattontōn. Hoti gar apathēs hē theia physis, dia tōn epipheromenōn edēlōsen.
"My help is from the Lord, who made heaven and earth." "But I know that I will enjoy no human aid; the favor of God alone suffices me." And showing the power of the help, he added: "Who made heaven and earth." "For the one who built these by a word is able to help me too." From here the prophet sets out for them what they must do. "May he not give your foot to be moved, and may he who guards you not slumber." "If you remain," he says, "having firm hope in him, you will obtain every care from him." "He who guards you will not slumber" he put in a human way, by a metaphor from those who carefully guard flocks, armies, and cities. That the divine nature is free of passion he showed by what follows.
Ps 121:2 (120:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 121:3 (120:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 121:2–3: only the Creator can help; if the people keep firm hope, he will guard them unsleeping.
- A marginal verse number printed in the text is removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (marginal verse number and stray letter (OCR)): ἐξηγεῖται. γ'.. • Μὴ δῴη ὁ εἰς → ἐξηγεῖται. « Μὴ δῴη εἰς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 120.2 (PG 80 80:1877; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
120.4PG 80 80:1877
« Ἰδοὺ οὐ νυστάξει, οὐδὲ ὑπνώσει ὁ φυλάσσων τὸν Ἰσραήλ. » Φύσει μὲν ἄγρυπνος ὁ φύλαξ, σοῦ δὲ σαλευομένου, καὶ αὐτὸς οἷόν τινα νυσταγμὸν δέξεται τὴν ἀμέλειαν. Οὐκ ἔτι γάρ σου φροντίσει, ἀλλὰ τοῖς ἐπιβουλεύειν προῃρημένοις προήσεται.
« Idou ou nystaxei, oude hypnōsei ho phylassōn ton Israēl. » Physei men agrypnos ho phylax, sou de saleuomenou, kai autos hoion tina nystagmon dexetai tēn ameleian. Ouk eti gar sou phrontisei, alla tois epibouleuein proę̄rēmenois proēsetai.
"Behold, he who guards Israel will neither slumber nor sleep." By nature the guardian is sleepless; but if you are shaken, he too will receive his neglect as a kind of slumber. For he will no longer care for you, but will give you up to those who have chosen to plot against you.
Ps 121:4 (120:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 121:4: God never sleeps, but if his people waver he may leave them to their enemies, which is a kind of 'slumber.'
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark (OCR)): προῃρημένοις ' προήσεται → προῃρημένοις προήσεται.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 120.4 (PG 80 80:1877; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
120.5PG 80 80:1877
« Κύριος φυλάξει σε, Κύριος σκέπη σοι ὁ ἐπὶ χεῖρα δεξιάν σου.» Τοῦτο καὶ ἐν τῷ ιε' ἔφη ψαλμῷ· • Προωρώμην τὸν Κύριον ἐνώπιόν μου διὰ παντὸς, ὅτι ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἐστὶν, ἵνα μὴ σαλευθῶ. » Καὶ ἐνταῦθα τοίνυν, φησὶν, ὅτι παρὰ τὴν δεξιάν σου χεῖρα γενόμενος, καὶ σκεπάσει, καὶ φρουρήσει, καὶ πάσης ἀξιώσει προνοίας.
« Kyrios phylaxei se, Kyrios skepē soi ho epi cheira dexian sou.» Touto kai en tǭ ie' ephē psalmǭ; • Proōrōmēn ton Kyrion enōpion mou dia pantos, hoti ek dexiōn mou estin, hina mē saleuthō. » Kai entautha toinyn, phēsin, hoti para tēn dexian sou cheira genomenos, kai skepasei, kai phrourēsei, kai pasēs axiōsei pronoias.
"The Lord will guard you; the Lord is your shelter at your right hand." He said this in the fifteenth psalm too: "I saw the Lord always before me, for he is at my right hand, that I may not be shaken." Here too, then, he says that being at your right hand he will shelter you, guard you, and count you worthy of all providence.
Ps 121:5 (120:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 16:8 (15:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 121:5: God at one's right hand shelters and guards, as in Psalm 16.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 120.5 (PG 80 80:1877; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
120.6PG 80 80:1879
« Ἡμέρας ὁ ἥλιος οὐ συγκαύσει σε, οὐδὲ ἡ σελήνη τὴν νύκτα. » Φασὶ τὴν σελήνην μὴ μόνον ὑγρὰν, ἀλλὰ καὶ θερμὴν εἶναι, καὶ καίειν ὁμοίως τῷ ἡλίῳ τὰ σώματα. Λέγει δὲ, ὅτι Καὶ νύκτωρ, καὶ μεθ' ἡμέραν, τῆς παρ' αὐτοῦ προνοίας ἀπολαύων, ἀβλαβὴς φυλαχθήσῃ. Ἀναμιμνήσκει δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ παλαιᾶς ἱστορίας. Καὶ γὰρ ἡνίκα τῆς Αἰγυπτίων δουλείας ἠλευθερώθησαν, τῇ νεφέλῃ σκιαζόμενοι, τῆς ἡλιακῆς φλογὸς οὐκ ἐλάμβανον πεῖραν.
« Hēmeras ho hēlios ou synkausei se, oude hē selēnē tēn nykta. » Phasi tēn selēnēn mē monon hygran, alla kai thermēn einai, kai kaiein homoiōs tǭ hēliǭ ta sōmata. Legei de, hoti Kai nyktōr, kai meth' hēmeran, tēs par' autou pronoias apolauōn, ablabēs phylachthēsę̄. Anamimnēskei de autous kai palaias historias. Kai gar hēnika tēs Aigyptiōn douleias ēleutherōthēsan, tę̄ nephelę̄ skiazomenoi, tēs hēliakēs phlogos ouk elambanon peiran.
"The sun will not burn you by day, nor the moon by night." They say that the moon is not only moist but also hot, and burns bodies like the sun. He says that night and day, enjoying his providence, you will be kept unharmed. He also reminds them of an ancient history. For when they were freed from slavery to the Egyptians, shaded by the cloud, they did not feel the sun's flame.
Ps 121:6 (120:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 13:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 121:6: God protects by day and night, as when the cloud shaded Israel from the sun after the exodus.
- The belief that the moon can burn bodies is reported by Theodoret as hearsay ('they say').
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark and accents (OCR)): ἀβλαβής φυλαχθήσῃ ". Αναμιμνήσκει → ἀβλαβὴς φυλαχθήσῃ. Ἀναμιμνήσκει.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 120.6 (PG 80 80:1879; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
120.7PG 80 80:1879
« Κύριος φυλάξει σε ἀπὸ παντὸς κακοῦ, φυλάξει τὴν ψυχήν σου ὁ Κύριος. Κύριος φυλάξει τὴν εἴσοδόν σου, καὶ τὴν ἔξοδόν σου, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν, καὶ ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος. » Τὴν παντοδαπὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ πρόνοιαν διὰ τῶν εἰρημένων ἐδήλωσεν· ἧς παρούσης, κρείττους τῶν πολεμούντων γινόμεθα δυσμενῶν, καὶ τὰς τῶν ὁρατῶν καὶ ἀοράτων διαφεύγομεν πάγας.
« Kyrios phylaxei se apo pantos kakou, phylaxei tēn psychēn sou ho Kyrios. Kyrios phylaxei tēn eisodon sou, kai tēn exodon sou, apo tou nyn, kai heōs tou aiōnos. » Tēn pantodapēn tou Theou pronoian dia tōn eirēmenōn edēlōsen; hēs parousēs, kreittous tōn polemountōn ginometha dysmenōn, kai tas tōn horatōn kai aoratōn diapheugomen pagas.
"The Lord will guard you from all evil; the Lord will guard your soul. The Lord will guard your going in and your coming out, from now and for ever." By these words he showed God's providence of every kind; when it is present, we become stronger than the foes who make war on us and escape the snares of visible and invisible enemies.
Ps 121:7 (120:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 121:8 (120:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 121:7–8: God's all-embracing providence protects from visible and invisible enemies.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent): Κυριος φυλάξει τὴν → Κύριος φυλάξει τὴν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 120.7 (PG 80 80:1879; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/120-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 121
121.1PG 80 80:1879
• Ὠδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν. » Τοὺς μὲν προειρημένους τοῖς ἀθυμοῦσιν ὁ προφήτης προσήρμοσε, τοῦτον δὲ τὸν μετὰ χεῖρας, τοῖς ἤδη δεξαμένοις τῆς ἐπανόδου τὰ εὐαγγέλια, καὶ τῆς περιποθήτου πορείας ἁψαμένοις. Γεγηθότες γὰρ, καὶ χορεύοντες, πρὸς ἀλλήλους φασίν· « Εὐφράνθην ἐπὶ τοῖς εἰρηκόσι μοι· Εἰς οἶκον Κυρίου πορευσόμεθα. • Εὐσεβείας αὕτη φωνή · γάννυνται γὰρ καὶ χαίρουσιν, οὐχ ὡς τὰς οἰκίας ἀποληψόμενοι, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς τὸν θεῖον οἶκον ὀψόμενοι.
• Ōdē tōn anabathmōn. » Tous men proeirēmenous tois athymousin ho prophētēs prosērmose, touton de ton meta cheiras, tois ēdē dexamenois tēs epanodou ta euangelia, kai tēs peripothētou poreias hapsamenois. Gegēthotes gar, kai choreuontes, pros allēlous phasin; « Euphranthēn epi tois eirēkosi moi; Eis oikon Kyriou poreusometha. • Eusebeias hautē phōnē ; gannyntai gar kai chairousin, ouch hōs tas oikias apolēpsomenoi, all᾿ hōs ton theion oikon opsomenoi.
"A song of the ascents." The prophet fitted the psalms already discussed to the despondent; but this one to those who had already received the good news of the return and had set out on the longed-for journey. For rejoicing and dancing they say to one another: "I was glad at those who said to me: Let us go to the house of the Lord." This is the voice of piety; for they are glad and rejoice, not as about to recover their houses, but as about to see the divine house.
Ps 122:1 (121:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 122:1: the returning exiles rejoice above all at going to God's house.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent and punctuation; stray letters (OCR)): Τοὺς ἐἱ μὲν → Τοὺς μὲν; προσήρμοσε τοῦτὸν δὲ → προσήρμοσε, τοῦτον δὲ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 121.1 (PG 80 80:1879; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
121.2PG 80 80:1879
« Ἑστῶτες ἦσαν οἱ πόδες ἡμῶν, ἐν ταῖς αὐλαῖς σου, Ἱερουσαλήμ. » "Ἤδη, φησὶν, ἑστάναι δοκοῦμεν ἐν ταῖς ἱεραῖς ἐκείναις αὐλαῖς, καὶ τὰς θείας λειτουργίας ἐπιτελεῖν.
« Hestōtes ēsan hoi podes hēmōn, en tais aulais sou, Hierousalēm. » "Ēdē, phēsin, hestanai dokoumen en tais hierais ekeinais aulais, kai tas theias leitourgias epitelein.
"Our feet were standing in your courts, O Jerusalem." "Already," he says, "we seem to stand in those sacred courts and perform the divine services."
Ps 122:2 (121:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 122:2: in anticipation the exiles already stand in the temple courts.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 121.2 (PG 80 80:1879; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
121.3PG 80 80:1879
« Ἱερουσαλήμ οἰκοδομουμένη ὡς πόλις, ἧς ἡ μετοχὴ αὐτῆς ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως· Ἱερουσαλήμ τὴν οἰκοδομουμένην, ὡς πόλιν συνάφειαν ἔχουσαν. Ἡ γὰρ νῦν ἔρημος, καὶ ἐσκεδασμένας ἔχουσα οἰκίας, καὶ πάλιν ἀνθήσει, καὶ πυκνωθήσεται, καὶ τοὺς προτέρους ἀπολήψεται περιβόλους.
« Hierousalēm oikodomoumenē hōs polis, hēs hē metochē autēs epi to auto. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs; Hierousalēm tēn oikodomoumenēn, hōs polin synapheian echousan. Hē gar nyn erēmos, kai eskedasmenas echousa oikias, kai palin anthēsei, kai pyknōthēsetai, kai tous proterous apolēpsetai peribolous.
"Jerusalem, built as a city whose sharing is together." Symmachus has: "Jerusalem, which is being built as a city that has cohesion." "For she who is now desolate and has scattered houses will flourish again, be filled up, and recover her former walls."
Ps 122:3 (121:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 122:3: the desolate city will be rebuilt, compact and walled.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing): οὔτως → οὕτως.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 121.3 (PG 80 80:1879; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
121.4PG 80 80:1879
« Ἐκεῖ γὰρ ἀνέβησαν αἱ φυλαὶ, φυλαὶ Κυρίου· μαρτύριον τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, τοῦ ἐξομολογήσασθαι τῷ ὀνόματι Κυρίου. » Ἐπὶ τοῦ Ῥοβοὰμ διῃρέθησαν αἱ φυλαὶ, καὶ τῆς Δαβιτικῆς αἱ δέκα βασιλείας ἀπεσχοινίσθησαν· μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐπάνοδον μία γέγονεν ἡγεμονία, καὶ εἰς τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ συνέτρεχον ἅπαντες κατὰ τὸν θεῖον νόμον, τῷ Θεῷ τὴν συνήθη λειτουργίαν προσφέροντες. Τοῦτο τοίνυν ὁ προφήτης ἐνταῦθα προθεσπίζει, ὅτι αἱ φυλαὶ τὴν προτέραν ὁμόνοιαν ἀπολήψονται, καὶ εἰς τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ συνδραμοῦνται, συνήθως τὸν Θεὸν ἀνυμνοῦντες. Μαρτύριον δὲ τὸν θεῖον ἐκάλεσε νόμον, τὸν διαῤῥήδην κελεύοντα συντρέχειν τὸν Ἰσραὴλ εἰς τὸν τόπον, ὃν ἂν ἐκλέξηται Κύριος ὁ Θεός.
« Ekei gar anebēsan hai phylai, phylai Kyriou; martyrion tou Israēl, tou exomologēsasthai tǭ onomati Kyriou. » Epi tou Rhoboam dię̄rethēsan hai phylai, kai tēs Dabitikēs hai deka basileias apeschoinisthēsan; meta de tēn epanodon mia gegonen hēgemonia, kai eis tēn Hierousalēm synetrechon hapantes kata ton theion nomon, tǭ Theǭ tēn synēthē leitourgian prospherontes. Touto toinyn ho prophētēs entautha prothespizei, hoti hai phylai tēn proteran homonoian apolēpsontai, kai eis tēn Hierousalēm syndramountai, synēthōs ton Theon anymnountes. Martyrion de ton theion ekalese nomon, ton diarrhēdēn keleuonta syntrechein ton Israēl eis ton topon, hon an eklexētai Kyrios ho Theos.
"For there the tribes went up, the tribes of the Lord, a testimony for Israel, to confess the name of the Lord." In Rehoboam's time the tribes were divided, and ten were cut off from David's kingdom; but after the return there was one government, and all ran together to Jerusalem according to the divine law, offering God the customary service. The prophet foretells this here: that the tribes will recover their former concord and run together to Jerusalem, hymning God as was their custom. He called the divine law a "testimony," which expressly commands Israel to run together to the place the Lord God chooses.
Ps 122:4 (121:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 1 Kgs 12:16 (allusion, high confidence) · Deut 12:5 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 122:4: the tribes divided since Rehoboam will again go up together to Jerusalem, as the law commands.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letters): ῾Ῥοβυὰμ → Ῥοβοὰμ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 121.4 (PG 80 80:1879; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
121.5PG 80 80:1881
« Ὅτι ἐκεῖ ἐκάθισαν θρόνοι εἰς κρίσιν, θρόνοι ἐπὶ οἶκον Δαβίδ. » Προθεσπίσας τὰ θεῖα, προθεσπίζει καὶ τὰ ἀνθρώπεια. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις οὐ μόνον ὁ θεῖος ᾠκοδομήθη νεὼς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ βασίλεια· καὶ ἐκεῖ συνέτρεχον ἅπαντες τὰ ἀμφισβητούμενα διαλύοντες, ἀναγκαίως καὶ τοῦτο προηγόρευσεν ὁ προφήτης· ὅτι οὐκ εἰς τὴν Σαμάρειαν αἱ δέκα φυλαὶ δραμοῦνται· ἀλλ᾽ ὥσπερ ἐπὶ τοῦ Δαβίδ ἐκεῖνο εἶχον ἀκλινὲς δικαστήριον, οὕτω καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἐπάνοδον ἐκεῖ ἅπαντες ἀθροισθήσονται.
« Hoti ekei ekathisan thronoi eis krisin, thronoi epi oikon Dabid. » Prothespisas ta theia, prothespizei kai ta anthrōpeia. Epeidē gar en Hierosolymois ou monon ho theios ǭkodomēthē neōs, alla kai ta basileia; kai ekei synetrechon hapantes ta amphisbētoumena dialyontes, anankaiōs kai touto proēgoreusen ho prophētēs; hoti ouk eis tēn Samareian hai deka phylai dramountai; all᾽ hōsper epi tou Dabid ekeino eichon aklines dikastērion, houtō kai meta tēn epanodon ekei hapantes athroisthēsontai.
"For there thrones sat for judgment, thrones over the house of David." Having foretold divine things, he foretells human things too. Since in Jerusalem not only the divine temple was built but also the palace, and all ran there to settle disputes, the prophet necessarily foretold this too: that the ten tribes will not run to Samaria, but just as in David's time they had there an unswerving court, so after the return all will gather there.
Ps 122:5 (121:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 122:5: after the return Jerusalem will again be the seat of justice for all the tribes, as in David's day.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 121.5 (PG 80 80:1881; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
121.6PG 80 80:1881
« Ἐρωτήσατε δὴ τὰ εἰς εἰρήνην τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ, καὶ εὐθηνία τοῖς ἀγαπῶσί σε. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως· Ἀσπάσασθε τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ, ἠρεμήσουσιν οἱ ἀγαπῶντές σε, ἀντὶ τοῦ, Εἰρήνης ἀπολαύσαντες βαθείας, ἀσπάσασθε τὴν οἴκησιν τῆς Ἱερουσαλήμ. Ἐν πάσῃ γὰρ θυμηδίᾳ οἱ ταύτην ἀγαπῶντες διατελοῦσι.
« Erōtēsate dē ta eis eirēnēn tēn Hierousalēm, kai euthēnia tois agapōsi se. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs; Aspasasthe tēn Hierousalēm, ēremēsousin hoi agapōntes se, anti tou, Eirēnēs apolausantes batheias, aspasasthe tēn oikēsin tēs Hierousalēm. En pasę̄ gar thymēdią hoi tautēn agapōntes diatelousi.
"Ask for what makes for the peace of Jerusalem, and prosperity to those who love you." Symmachus has: "Greet Jerusalem; those who love you will be at rest"; that is, "Enjoying deep peace, greet the habitation of Jerusalem." For those who love her continue in all delight.
Ps 122:6 (121:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 122:6: those who love Jerusalem will enjoy peace and delight.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent and breathing; OCR breathing; closing quotation mark lost (OCR)): Ερωτήσατε → Ἐρωτήσατε; σε. Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος → σε. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος; γάρ θυμηδίᾳ οἱ ταύτην άγαπῶντες → γὰρ θυμηδίᾳ οἱ ταύτην ἀγαπῶντες.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 121.6 (PG 80 80:1881; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
121.7PG 80 80:1881
« Γενέσθω δὲ εἰρήνη ἐν τῇ δυνάμει σου, καὶ εὐθηνία ἐν ταῖς πυργοβάρεσί σου. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως· Εἴη εἰρήνη ἐν τῷ περιβόλῳ σου, ἡσυχία ἐν τοῖς βασιλείοις σου. Ἐπεύχεται δὲ αὐτῇ ὁ θεῖος Δαβὶδ τὰ ἀγαθὰ, ὥστε καὶ τοὺς περιβόλους, καὶ τὰ βασίλεια, καὶ τὰς ἐν αὐτῇ οἰκίας, πάσης ἀπολαύειν εἰρήνης.
« Genesthō de eirēnē en tę̄ dynamei sou, kai euthēnia en tais pyrgobaresi sou. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs; Eiē eirēnē en tǭ peribolǭ sou, hēsychia en tois basileiois sou. Epeuchetai de autę̄ ho theios Dabid ta agatha, hōste kai tous peribolous, kai ta basileia, kai tas en autę̄ oikias, pasēs apolauein eirēnēs.
"Let there be peace in your strength, and prosperity in your towers." Symmachus has: "May there be peace in your wall, quiet in your palaces." The divine David prays good things for her, that her walls, palaces, and houses may enjoy all peace.
Ps 122:7 (121:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 122:7: David prays for peace on Jerusalem's walls, palaces, and houses.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): περιβό λους → περιβόλους.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 121.7 (PG 80 80:1881; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
121.8PG 80 80:1881
« Ἕνεκα τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου, καὶ τῶν πλησίον μου ἐλάλουν δὴ εἰρήνην περὶ σοῦ. Ἔνεκα τοῦ οἴκου Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, ἐξεζήτησα ἀγαθά σοι. » Ταῦτα δὲ, φησὶν, ἐπεύχομαί σοι, οὐκ αὐτὸς ἐν σοὶ πολιτευόμενος · πῶς γὰρ ὅ γε πρὸ πολλοῦ χρόνου τοῦ βίου τὸ πέρας δεξάμενος; ἀλλὰ τοὺς ὁμοφύλους ἱμειρόμενος εἰρήνης τυχεῖν, καὶ τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ μου τὴν προτέραν περιφάνειαν ἀπολαβεῖν ἐφιέμενος.
« Heneka tōn adelphōn mou, kai tōn plēsion mou elaloun dē eirēnēn peri sou. Eneka tou oikou Kyriou tou Theou hēmōn, exezētēsa agatha soi. » Tauta de, phēsin, epeuchomai soi, ouk autos en soi politeuomenos ; pōs gar ho ge pro pollou chronou tou biou to peras dexamenos? alla tous homophylous himeiromenos eirēnēs tychein, kai ton oikon tou Theou mou tēn proteran periphaneian apolabein ephiemenos.
"For the sake of my brothers and my neighbors I spoke peace concerning you. For the sake of the house of the Lord our God I sought good things for you." "I pray these things for you," he says, "not as living in you myself (for how could I, who received the end of life long before?), but yearning for my kinsmen to obtain peace and longing for the house of my God to recover its former splendor."
Ps 122:8 (121:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 122:9 (121:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 122:8–9: David, long dead by the return, prays for Jerusalem's peace for his kinsmen's sake and for God's house.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 121.8 (PG 80 80:1881; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/121-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 122
122.1PG 80 80:1881
• Ὠδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν. » Καὶ οὗτος ὁ ψαλμὸς τῶν τηνικαῦτα δικαίων δείκνυσι τὴν εὐσέβειαν. « Πρὸς σὲ ἦρα τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς μου, τὸν κατοικοῦντα ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ. › Πάσης ἀνθρωπίνης βοηθείας καταφρονήσας, τὴν σὴν, ὦ Δέσποτα, προσμένω ῥοπὴν, καὶ τῆς σῆς προνοίας ἐξήρτημαι· σὲ γὰρ οἶδα Δεσπότην τῶν οὐρανῶν. Κατοικεῖν δὲ αὐτὸν ἐν οὐρανῷ ἔφη, οὐχ ὡς τόπῳ περιγραφόμενον, ἀλλ' ὡς τὸν ἀοράτοις δυνάμεσι ταῖς τὸν οὐρανὸν οἰκούσαις ἐπευφραινόμενον.
• Ōdē tōn anabathmōn. » Kai houtos ho psalmos tōn tēnikauta dikaiōn deiknysi tēn eusebeian. « Pros se ēra tous ophthalmous mou, ton katoikounta en tǭ ouranǭ. › Pasēs anthrōpinēs boētheias kataphronēsas, tēn sēn, ō Despota, prosmenō rhopēn, kai tēs sēs pronoias exērtēmai; se gar oida Despotēn tōn ouranōn. Katoikein de auton en ouranǭ ephē, ouch hōs topǭ perigraphomenon, all' hōs ton aoratois dynamesi tais ton ouranon oikousais epeuphrainomenon.
"A song of the ascents." This psalm too shows the piety of the righteous of that time. "To you I lifted up my eyes, you who dwell in heaven." "Despising all human help, I wait for your aid, Master, and hang upon your providence; for I know you as Master of the heavens." He said that he dwells in heaven not as circumscribed by place, but as rejoicing in the invisible powers that inhabit heaven.
Ps 123:1 (122:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 123:1: the righteous look to God alone; he 'dwells' in heaven not as confined to a place but as delighting in the angels.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (closing quotation mark lost (OCR)): ἀναβαθμῶν. Καὶ οὗτος → ἀναβαθμῶν. » Καὶ οὗτος.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 122.1 (PG 80 80:1881; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/122-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/122-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
122.2PG 80 80:1883
« Ἰδοὺ ὡς ὀφθαλμοὶ δούλων εἰς χεῖρας τῶν κυρίων αὐτῶν, ὡς ὀφθαλμοὶ παιδίσκης εἰς χεῖρας τῆς κυρίας αὐτῆς, οὕτως οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἡμῶν πρὸς Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν ἡμῶν. » Καθάπερ γὰρ, φησὶν, οἰκέται εἰς τὰς τῶν δεσποτῶν ἀποβλέπουσι χεῖρας, ἅτε δὴ τὰς ἀφορμὰς ἐκεῖθεν δρεπόμενοι τοῦ βίου, οὕτω καὶ ἡμεῖς, Δέσποτα, παρὰ σοῦ προσμένομεν λαβεῖν τῶν ἀγαθῶν τὴν ἀπόλαυσιν. Τῆς μέντοι παιδίσκης οὐ ταυτολογῶν ἐμνημόνευσεν, ἀλλὰ τῆς διαθέσεως δεικνὺς τὴν ἐπίτασιν. Πλέον γὰρ τῶν παίδων αἱ παιδίσκαι, ἅτε δὴ ταῖς δεσποίναις ἐν τοῖς θαλάμοις συνοῦσαι, διηνεκῶς προσέχειν ταύταις εἰώθασι, καὶ τὴν παρ᾿ αὐτῶν ποθοῦσιν εὐμένειαν. • Ἕως οὗ οἰκτειρήσαι ἡμᾶς. » Οὐ ῥητῷ γὰρ χρόνῳ τήνδε τὴν ἐλπίδα περιορίζομεν, ἀλλὰ προσμένομεν ἕως ἂν ἀξιωθῶμεν φειδοῦς.
« Idou hōs ophthalmoi doulōn eis cheiras tōn kyriōn autōn, hōs ophthalmoi paidiskēs eis cheiras tēs kyrias autēs, houtōs hoi ophthalmoi hēmōn pros Kyrion ton Theon hēmōn. » Kathaper gar, phēsin, oiketai eis tas tōn despotōn apoblepousi cheiras, hate dē tas aphormas ekeithen drepomenoi tou biou, houtō kai hēmeis, Despota, para sou prosmenomen labein tōn agathōn tēn apolausin. Tēs mentoi paidiskēs ou tautologōn emnēmoneusen, alla tēs diatheseōs deiknys tēn epitasin. Pleon gar tōn paidōn hai paidiskai, hate dē tais despoinais en tois thalamois synousai, diēnekōs prosechein tautais eiōthasi, kai tēn par᾿ autōn pothousin eumeneian. • Heōs hou oikteirēsai hēmas. » Ou rhētǭ gar chronǭ tēnde tēn elpida periorizomen, alla prosmenomen heōs an axiōthōmen pheidous.
"Behold, as the eyes of servants look to the hands of their masters, as the eyes of a maidservant to the hands of her mistress, so our eyes look to the Lord our God." "Just as household servants look to the hands of their masters, since they gather the means of life from there, so we too, Master, wait to receive from you the enjoyment of good things." He did not mention the maidservant redundantly, but to show the intensity of their disposition. For maidservants, since they are with their mistresses in their chambers, are accustomed to attend to them continually more than menservants, and long for their favor. "Until he has pity on us." "For we do not limit this hope to a fixed time, but wait until we are counted worthy of mercy."
Ps 123:2 (122:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 123:2: the people look to God as servants and maids look to their masters, waiting without limit for his mercy.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing; OCR punctuation): οἱκέται → οἰκέται; τοῦ βίου. οὕτω καὶ → τοῦ βίου, οὕτω καὶ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 122.2 (PG 80 80:1883; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/122-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/122-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
122.3PG 80 80:1883
· Ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς, Κύριε, ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς. » Ὁ διπλασιασμὸς δηλοῖ τὸ θερμὸν τῆς αἰτήσεως. « Ὅτι ἐπιπολὺ ἐπλήσθημεν ἐξουδενώσεως. Ἐπὶ πλεῖον ἐπλήσθη ἡ ψυχὴ ἡμῶν. » Αἰτοῦμεν δὲ, φησὶ, τὸν ἔλεον, οὐχ ὡς ἄξιοι τούτου τυχεῖν, ἀλλ' ὡς ἐπονείδιστοι λίαν γενόμενοι. « Τὸ ὄνειδος τοῖς εὐθηνοῦσι, καὶ ἡ ἐξουδένωσις τοῖς ὑπερηφάνοις. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος οὕτως, Ἐχορτάσθη ἡ ψυχὴ ἡμῶν ἐπιλαλούντων τῶν εὐθηνούντων, ἐξευτελιζόντων τῶν ὑπερηφάνων. Τῶν γὰρ ἀλαζόνων Βαβυλωνίων ἐπιτωθαζόντων ἡμῖν, καὶ ἐπικερτομούντων, ἡμεῖς ἠνιώμεθα. Κατὰ δὲ τοὺς Ἑβδομήκοντα οὕτω νοητέον · « Τὸ ὄνειδος τοῖς εὐθηνοῦσι, καὶ ἡ ἐξουδένωσις τοῖς ὑπερηφάνοις. » Ἀντίστρεψον, φησὶ, τὰ πράγματα, Δέσποτα, καὶ τοῖς ἀλαζονευομένοις νῦν, δι' ἣν περίκεινται εὐκληρίαν, τὰς ἡμετέρας ἐπάγαγε συμφοράς.
; Eleēson hēmas, Kyrie, eleēson hēmas. » Ho diplasiasmos dēloi to thermon tēs aitēseōs. « Hoti epipoly eplēsthēmen exoudenōseōs. Epi pleion eplēsthē hē psychē hēmōn. » Aitoumen de, phēsi, ton eleon, ouch hōs axioi toutou tychein, all' hōs eponeidistoi lian genomenoi. « To oneidos tois euthēnousi, kai hē exoudenōsis tois hyperēphanois. » Ho de Symmachos houtōs, Echortasthē hē psychē hēmōn epilalountōn tōn euthēnountōn, exeutelizontōn tōn hyperēphanōn. Tōn gar alazonōn Babylōniōn epitōthazontōn hēmin, kai epikertomountōn, hēmeis ēniōmetha. Kata de tous Hebdomēkonta houtō noēteon ; « To oneidos tois euthēnousi, kai hē exoudenōsis tois hyperēphanois. » Antistrepson, phēsi, ta pragmata, Despota, kai tois alazoneuomenois nyn, di' hēn perikeintai euklērian, tas hēmeteras epagage symphoras.
"Have mercy on us, O Lord, have mercy on us." The doubling shows the warmth of the request. "For we have been greatly filled with contempt. Our soul has been filled exceedingly." "We ask for mercy," he says, "not as worthy to obtain it, but as having become exceedingly despised." "The reproach to those who prosper, and contempt to the proud." Symmachus has: "Our soul has been sated with the taunts of those who prosper, the scorn of the proud." "For while the arrogant Babylonians mocked and jeered at us, we were in anguish." According to the Seventy it is to be understood thus: "The reproach to those who prosper, and contempt to the proud": "Reverse the situation, Master, and bring our misfortunes on those who now swagger because of the good fortune that surrounds them."
Ps 123:3 (122:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 123:4 (122:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 123:3–4: the exiles, mocked by the proud Babylonians, plead for mercy as the despised and ask God to turn the tables.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing; OCR letters; split word (OCR)): ἐπονεί διστοι → ἐπονείδιστοι; ἀγιώμεθα → ἠνιώμεθα; Αντίστρεψον → Ἀντίστρεψον.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 122.3 (PG 80 80:1883; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/122-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/122-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 123
123.1PG 80 80:1883
« Ὠδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν. » Μετὰ τὴν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος ἐπάνοδον, ἅπαντες οἱ πλησιόχωροι, δυσχεράναντες τὴν τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐλευθερίαν, κοινῇ τὸν πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἀνεδέξαντο πόλεμον, καὶ βάρβαρα ἔθνη συναγαγόντες, κατὰ ταυτὸν αὐτοῖς ἐπεστράτευσαν, ἐλπίσαντες καὶ αὐτὴν αὐτῶν κατασβέσειν τὴν μνήμην. ᾿Αλλὰ πάλιν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς τοῖς μὲν οἰκείοις ἐπήρκεσε, τοὺς δὲ πολεμίους κατηκόντισεν ἅπαντας. Λέγουσι δὲ ταῦτα τῶν προφητῶν οἱ πλείους, καὶ Ἰωὴλ, καὶ Ἰεζεκιήλ, καὶ Μιχαίας, καὶ Ζαχαρίας, καὶ ἕτεροι πρὸς τούτοις πολλοί. Ταῦτα καὶ ὁ μακάριος ἐνταῦθα προθεσπίζει Δαβίδ. « Εἰ μὴ ὅτι Κύριος ἦν ἐν ἡμῖν, εἰπάτω δὴ Ἰσραήλ. Εἰ μὴ ὅτι Κύριος ἦν ἐν ἡμῖν, ἐν τῷ ἐπαναστῆναι ἀνθρώπους ἐφ᾿ ἡμᾶς. "Αρα ζῶντας ἂν κατέπιον ἡμᾶς. » Μὴ τῇ σφετέρᾳ, φησὶν, ἐπιγράψητε δυνάμει τὴν νίκην, Θεὸς γὰρ ταύτης γεγένηται χορηγός. Εἴπατε τοίνυν πρὸς ἀλλήλους χορεύοντες, Εἰ μὴ τῆς θείας ἐπικουρίας ἐτύχομεν, τοσούτων καθ' ἡμῶν δυσμενῶν συνελθόντων, οὐκ ἂν οὐδὲ ταφῆς ἠξιώθημεν, ἀλλὰ καθάπερ ὑπὸ θηρίων ζῶντες ἂν κατεπόθημεν. « Ἐν τῷ ὀργισθῆναι τὸν θυμὸν αὐτοῦ ἐφ᾿ ἡμᾶς. » Τὸν φθόνον, καὶ τὴν δυσμένειαν τῶν ἀστυγειτόνων ἐθνῶν διὰ τούτων ἐδήλωσε. Διεπρίοντο γὰρ τὴν Ἰουδαίων ὁρῶντες ἐλευθερίαν.
« Ōdē tōn anabathmōn. » Meta tēn apo Babylōnos epanodon, hapantes hoi plēsiochōroi, dyscheranantes tēn tōn Ioudaiōn eleutherian, koinę̄ ton pros autous anedexanto polemon, kai barbara ethnē synagagontes, kata tauton autois epestrateusan, elpisantes kai autēn autōn katasbesein tēn mnēmēn. ᾿Alla palin ho tōn holōn Theos tois men oikeiois epērkese, tous de polemious katēkontisen hapantas. Legousi de tauta tōn prophētōn hoi pleious, kai Iōēl, kai Iezekiēl, kai Michaias, kai Zacharias, kai heteroi pros toutois polloi. Tauta kai ho makarios entautha prothespizei Dabid. « Ei mē hoti Kyrios ēn en hēmin, eipatō dē Israēl. Ei mē hoti Kyrios ēn en hēmin, en tǭ epanastēnai anthrōpous eph᾿ hēmas. "Ara zōntas an katepion hēmas. » Mē tę̄ spheterą, phēsin, epigrapsēte dynamei tēn nikēn, Theos gar tautēs gegenētai chorēgos. Eipate toinyn pros allēlous choreuontes, Ei mē tēs theias epikourias etychomen, tosoutōn kath' hēmōn dysmenōn synelthontōn, ouk an oude taphēs ēxiōthēmen, alla kathaper hypo thēriōn zōntes an katepothēmen. « En tǭ orgisthēnai ton thymon autou eph᾿ hēmas. » Ton phthonon, kai tēn dysmeneian tōn astygeitonōn ethnōn dia toutōn edēlōse. Dieprionto gar tēn Ioudaiōn horōntes eleutherian.
"A song of the ascents." After the return from Babylon, all the neighbors, vexed at the freedom of the Jews, took up war against them in common, gathered barbarian nations, and marched against them all at once, hoping to quench their very memory. But again the God of all helped his own and struck down all the enemies. Most of the prophets say this: Joel, Ezekiel, Micah, Zechariah, and many others besides. The blessed David foretells this here: "Had it not been that the Lord was among us, let Israel now say; had it not been that the Lord was among us, when men rose up against us, then they would have swallowed us alive." "Do not ascribe the victory to your own power," he says, "for God supplied it. Say, then, to one another as you dance: Had we not obtained divine help, when so many foes came together against us, we would not even have been thought worthy of burial, but would have been swallowed alive as by wild beasts." "When their wrath was kindled against us." By this he showed the envy and hostility of the neighboring nations; for they were enraged at seeing the freedom of the Jews.
Ps 124:1 (123:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 124:2 (123:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 124:3 (123:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Joel 3:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · Ezek 38:8 (allusion, medium confidence) · Mic 4:11 (allusion, medium confidence) · Zech 12:3 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 124:1–3: after the return the neighbors and barbarian allies attacked Jerusalem, as many prophets foretold, but God destroyed them; the people must credit God, not themselves.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent): ζῶντας ἄν κατέπιον → ζῶντας ἂν κατέπιον.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 123.1 (PG 80 80:1883; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
123.4PG 80 80:1885
῎Αρα τὸ ὕδωρ ἂν κατεπόντισεν ἡμᾶς. Χείμαῤῥον διῆλθεν ἡ ψυχὴ ἡμῶν· ἄρα διῆλθεν ἡ ψυχὴ ἡμῶν τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ ἀνυπόστατον. » Τροπικῶς ἅπαντα εἴρηκεν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ εἶπεν, « "Ἄρα ζῶντας ἂν κατέπιον ἡμᾶς, » δείκνυσι τὴν τοῦ πλήθους ὑπερβολὴν, χειμάῤῥου δίκην προσβάλλοντος, καὶ συγκαλύψαι ἅπαντας προσδοκήσαντος. ῾Αρμοδίως δὲ τοῦ χειμάῤῥου τέθεικε τὴν εἰκόνα. Καθάπερ γὰρ ὁ χειμάῤῥους ἐκ πολλῶν ἀθροιζόμενος ὑετῶν σφοδρότερος γίνεται, οὕτως οἱ τηνικαῦτα τῇ Ἱερουσαλήμ προσβαλόντες ἐκ πολλῶν καὶ διαφόρων ἐθνῶν συνηθροίσθησαν· ἀλλὰ κατελύθησαν ψήφῳ δικαίᾳ. Τοῦτο γὰρ ὁ προφήτης διδάσκει.
᾿Ara to hydōr an katepontisen hēmas. Cheimarrhon diēlthen hē psychē hēmōn; ara diēlthen hē psychē hēmōn to hydōr to anypostaton. » Tropikōs hapanta eirēken. Epeidē gar eipen, « "Ara zōntas an katepion hēmas, » deiknysi tēn tou plēthous hyperbolēn, cheimarrhou dikēn prosballontos, kai synkalypsai hapantas prosdokēsantos. ῾Armodiōs de tou cheimarrhou tetheike tēn eikona. Kathaper gar ho cheimarrhous ek pollōn athroizomenos hyetōn sphodroteros ginetai, houtōs hoi tēnikauta tę̄ Hierousalēm prosbalontes ek pollōn kai diaphorōn ethnōn synēthroisthēsan; alla katelythēsan psēphǭ dikaią. Touto gar ho prophētēs didaskei.
"Then the water would have drowned us. Our soul passed through a torrent; then our soul would have passed through the irresistible water." He said all this figuratively. Since he had said, "Then they would have swallowed us alive," he shows the excess of the multitude, attacking like a torrent and expecting to cover them all. He fittingly put the image of a torrent. For as a torrent, gathered from many rains, becomes more violent, so those who then attacked Jerusalem were gathered from many and various nations; but they were destroyed by a just sentence. This is what the prophet teaches.
Ps 124:4 (123:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 124:5 (123:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 124:4–5: the enemy coalition, gathered from many nations, was like a flash flood, but God destroyed it.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): Τροπι κῶς → Τροπικῶς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 123.4 (PG 80 80:1885; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
123.6PG 80 80:1885
« Εὐλογητὸς ὁ Κύριος, ὃς οὐκ ἔδωκεν ἡμᾶς εἰς θήραν τοῖς ὀδοῦσιν αὐτῶν. » Κατὰ ταυτὸν καὶ τὴν ἐκείνων ὠμότητα, καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν ἐπικουρίαν ἐδήλωσε· τοὺς γὰρ ὀδόντας τέθεικε, δεικνὺς τὴν ἐκείνων ὠμότητα.
« Eulogētos ho Kyrios, hos ouk edōken hēmas eis thēran tois odousin autōn. » Kata tauton kai tēn ekeinōn ōmotēta, kai tou Theou tēn epikourian edēlōse; tous gar odontas tetheike, deiknys tēn ekeinōn ōmotēta.
"Blessed be the Lord, who did not give us as prey to their teeth." He showed at once their cruelty and God's help; he put "teeth" to show their cruelty.
Ps 124:6 (123:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 124:6: God saved his people from enemies cruel as beasts.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing): τοῖς ὁδοῦσιν αὐτῶν → τοῖς ὀδοῦσιν αὐτῶν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 123.6 (PG 80 80:1885; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
123.7PG 80 80:1885
« Ἡ ψυχὴ ἡμῶν ὡς στρουθίον ἐῤῥύσθη ἐκ τῆς παγίδος τῶν θηρευόντων. » Εὐγνωμόνως καὶ τὴν οἰκείαν ὁμολογοῦσιν ἀσθένειαν, στρουθῷ σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἀπεικάζοντες, καὶ τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ κηρύττουσι δύναμιν, τῶν πολεμίων δεικνύντες τὸ ἰσχυρόν. Θηρευτὰς γὰρ ἐκείνους ἀποκαλοῦσιν· διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τῆς σωτηρίας τὸν τρόπον. « Ἡ παγὶς συνετρίβη, καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐῤῥύσθημεν. » Οὐ γὰρ μόνης ἀπηλαύσαμεν τῆς σωτηρίας, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἐχθρῶν τὸν ὅλεθρον εἴδομεν
« Hē psychē hēmōn hōs strouthion errhysthē ek tēs pagidos tōn thēreuontōn. » Eugnōmonōs kai tēn oikeian homologousin astheneian, strouthǭ sphas autous apeikazontes, kai tēn tou Theou kēryttousi dynamin, tōn polemiōn deiknyntes to ischyron. Thēreutas gar ekeinous apokalousin; didaskei de kai tēs sōtērias ton tropon. « Hē pagis synetribē, kai hēmeis errhysthēmen. » Ou gar monēs apēlausamen tēs sōtērias, alla kai tōn echthrōn ton holethron eidomen
"Our soul was rescued like a sparrow from the snare of the fowlers." Gratefully they both confess their own weakness, likening themselves to a sparrow, and proclaim God's power, showing the strength of the enemy; for they call them fowlers. He also teaches the manner of salvation: "The snare was broken, and we were rescued." "For we not only enjoyed salvation, but also saw the destruction of our enemies."
Ps 124:7 (123:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 124:7: the weak people escaped like a bird when God broke the enemy's snare.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 123.7 (PG 80 80:1885; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
123.8PG 80 80:1885
« Ἡ βοήθεια ἡμῶν ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου, τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν. » Τούτου χάριν, πάσης ἀνθρωπίνης καταφρονοῦμεν δυνάμεως, τὸν οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς ποιητὴν ἐπίκουρον ἔχοντες, οὗ καὶ ἡ προσηγορία ἡμῖν εἰς σωτηρίαν ἀρκεῖ.
« Hē boētheia hēmōn en onomati Kyriou, tou poiēsantos ton ouranon kai tēn gēn. » Toutou charin, pasēs anthrōpinēs kataphronoumen dynameōs, ton ouranou kai gēs poiētēn epikouron echontes, hou kai hē prosēgoria hēmin eis sōtērian arkei.
"Our help is in the name of the Lord, who made heaven and earth." "For this reason we despise all human power, having the Maker of heaven and earth as our helper, whose very name suffices us for salvation."
Ps 124:8 (123:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 124:8: the Creator's name alone suffices for salvation.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 123.8 (PG 80 80:1885; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/123-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 124
124.1PG 80 80:1885
« Ὠδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν. » Οἱ τῆς νίκης ἐκείνης τετυχηκότες τὸν ἐπινίκιον ἄδουσιν ὕμνον, καὶ τῆς εἰς Θεὸν ἐλπίδος κηρύττουσι τὴν ἰσχύν. « Οἱ πεποιθότες ἐπὶ Κύριον, ὡς ὅρος Σιών. » Ὁ τῇ εἰς τὸν Θεὸν ἐλπίδι φραττόμενος, ὡς τὸ Σιὼν ὄρος ἀτρεμὴς μενεῖ, καὶ ἀκλόνητος, ἐπίσημός τε καὶ περίβλεπτος. « Οὐ σαλευθήσεται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ὁ κατοικῶν Ἱερουσαλήμ. » Τὸν κατοικοῦντα τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ κατὰ τοὺς νόμους τῆς Ἱερουσαλήμ πολιτεύεσθαι δεῖ. Τοῖς γὰρ οὕτω κατοικοῦσι, καὶ τῷ σκοπῷ τοῦ νόμου πειθομένοις, τὸ βέβαιον ἡ προφητεία ὑπέσχετο.
« Ōdē tōn anabathmōn. » Hoi tēs nikēs ekeinēs tetychēkotes ton epinikion adousin hymnon, kai tēs eis Theon elpidos kēryttousi tēn ischyn. « Hoi pepoithotes epi Kyrion, hōs horos Siōn. » Ho tę̄ eis ton Theon elpidi phrattomenos, hōs to Siōn oros atremēs menei, kai aklonētos, episēmos te kai peribleptos. « Ou saleuthēsetai eis ton aiōna ho katoikōn Hierousalēm. » Ton katoikounta tēn Hierousalēm kata tous nomous tēs Hierousalēm politeuesthai dei. Tois gar houtō katoikousi, kai tǭ skopǭ tou nomou peithomenois, to bebaion hē prophēteia hypescheto.
"A song of the ascents." Those who obtained that victory sing the victory hymn and proclaim the strength of hope in God. "Those who trust in the Lord are like Mount Zion." "The one fortified by hope in God will remain unshaken and immovable like Mount Zion, conspicuous and admired." "He who dwells in Jerusalem will not be shaken for ever." The one who dwells in Jerusalem must live according to the laws of Jerusalem. For to those who dwell so and obey the aim of the law, the prophecy promised stability.
Ps 125:1 (124:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 125:1: those who trust God are as firm as Mount Zion; stability is promised to those who live by the laws of Jerusalem.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letters): ἡ προφήτης ὑπέσχετο → ἡ προφητεία ὑπέσχετο.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 124.1 (PG 80 80:1885; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
124.2PG 80 80:1887
« Ὄρη κύκλῳ αὐτῆς, καὶ ὁ Κύριος κύκλῳ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ. › Καθάπερ γὰρ τὰ ὄρη τὴν πόλιν κυκλοῖ, οὕτως ἡ θεία κηδεμονία τὸν εὐσεβῆ περιφράττει λαόν· « ᾿Ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν, καὶ ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος. » Οὐ γὰρ πρόσκαιρος ἡ τοῦ Θεοῦ δύναμις, ἀλλ᾽ αἰώνιος, καὶ ταύτης ἀξιοῖ τοὺς τὴν θεραπείαν αὐτοῦ περὶ πολλοῦ ποιουμένους.
« Orē kyklǭ autēs, kai ho Kyrios kyklǭ tou laou autou. › Kathaper gar ta orē tēn polin kykloi, houtōs hē theia kēdemonia ton eusebē periphrattei laon; « ᾿Apo tou nyn, kai heōs tou aiōnos. » Ou gar proskairos hē tou Theou dynamis, all᾽ aiōnios, kai tautēs axioi tous tēn therapeian autou peri pollou poioumenous.
"Mountains are round about her, and the Lord is round about his people." "For as the mountains encircle the city, so the divine care fences in the pious people"; "from now and for ever." For God's power is not temporary but eternal, and he counts worthy of it those who set great store by serving him.
Ps 125:2 (124:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 125:2: as mountains ring Jerusalem, God's care surrounds his faithful people for ever.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing): Όρη κύκλῳ → Ὄρη κύκλῳ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 124.2 (PG 80 80:1887; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
124.3PG 80 80:1887
« Ὅτι οὐκ ἀφήσει Κύριος τὴν ῥάβδον τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐπὶ τὸν κλῆρον τῶν δικαίων. » Καὶ τοὺς ᾿Ασσυρίους ῥάβδον θυμοῦ διὰ Ἡσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου προσηγόρευσεν ὁ Θεὸς, « Οὐαὶ γὰρ, φησὶν, ᾿Ασσυρίοις, ἡ ῥάβδος τοῦ θυμοῦ μου, καὶ τῆς ὀργῆς μου, ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτῶν. Τὴν ὀργήν μου εἰς ἔθνος ἄνομον ἀποστελῶ, καὶ τῷ ἐμῷ λαῷ συντάξω ποιῆσαι σκῦλα, καὶ προνομήν. › ᾿Αντὶ τοῦ, Καθάπερ τινὶ ῥάβδῳ τοῖς ᾿Ασσυρίοις κεχρημένος, τοὺς ἀξίους παιδεύω. Λέγει τοίνυν ὁ προφήτης καὶ ἐνταῦθα, ὅτι δικαίᾳ κεχρημένος ψήφῳ τῶν ὅλων ὁ Κύριος, οὐ συγχωρήσει τῶν παρανόμων τὴν ῥάβδον τῇ τῶν δικαίων ἐπενεχθῆναι συμμορίᾳ. Εἶτα καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν διδάσκει. « Ὅπως ἂν μὴ ἐκτείνωσιν οἱ δίκαιοι ἐν ἀνομίαις χεῖρας αὐτῶν. » Ἵνα μὴ νομίσαντες, φησὶν, οἱ τοῦ προσήκοντος ἐπιμελούμενοι ἄτακτα εἶναι πάντα καὶ ἀκυβέρνητα, ῥέψωσιν ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον, καὶ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ἑλκύσωσι βλάβην.
« Hoti ouk aphēsei Kyrios tēn rhabdon tōn hamartōlōn epi ton klēron tōn dikaiōn. » Kai tous ᾿Assyrious rhabdon thymou dia Hēsaïou tou prophētou prosēgoreusen ho Theos, « Ouai gar, phēsin, ᾿Assyriois, hē rhabdos tou thymou mou, kai tēs orgēs mou, en tais chersin autōn. Tēn orgēn mou eis ethnos anomon apostelō, kai tǭ emǭ laǭ syntaxō poiēsai skyla, kai pronomēn. › ᾿Anti tou, Kathaper tini rhabdǭ tois ᾿Assyriois kechrēmenos, tous axious paideuō. Legei toinyn ho prophētēs kai entautha, hoti dikaią kechrēmenos psēphǭ tōn holōn ho Kyrios, ou synchōrēsei tōn paranomōn tēn rhabdon tę̄ tōn dikaiōn epenechthēnai symmorią. Eita kai tēn aitian didaskei. « Hopōs an mē ekteinōsin hoi dikaioi en anomiais cheiras autōn. » Hina mē nomisantes, phēsin, hoi tou prosēkontos epimeloumenoi atakta einai panta kai akybernēta, rhepsōsin epi to cheiron, kai tēn enteuthen helkysōsi blabēn.
"For the Lord will not leave the rod of sinners upon the lot of the righteous." God also called the Assyrians the rod of his wrath through the prophet Isaiah: "Woe," he says, "to the Assyrians, the rod of my wrath and of my anger is in their hands. I will send my anger against a lawless nation and command my people to take spoil and plunder"; that is, "Using the Assyrians as a kind of rod, I discipline those who deserve it." Here too, then, the prophet says that the Lord of all, using a just sentence, will not allow the rod of the lawless to be brought on the company of the righteous. Then he teaches the reason too: "That the righteous may not stretch out their hands to lawlessness." "Lest," he says, "those who care for what is right, thinking that all things are disordered and unpiloted, tip toward the worse and draw harm on themselves from it."
Ps 125:3 (124:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 10:5 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 10:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 125:3: God uses nations like Assyria as a rod of discipline, but will not let the wicked oppress the righteous for long, lest the righteous lose faith in his providence.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter; split word (OCR)): ἐπιμελού -μενοι → ἐπιμελούμενοι; ἑλκύσωσε βλάβην → ἑλκύσωσι βλάβην.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 124.3 (PG 80 80:1887; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
124.4PG 80 80:1887
« ᾿Αγάθυνον, Κύριε, τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς, καὶ τοῖς εὐθέσι τῇ καρδίᾳ. » Δείξας τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸ δίκαιον, δικαίαν ποιεῖται τὴν δέησιν· ἱκετεύει γὰρ τῶν ἴσων τυχεῖν τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς ἀντιδόσεων. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἔφη· « Ὧι μέτρῳ μετρεῖτε, ἀντιμετρηθήσεται ὑμῖν. » Καί· Μακάριοι οἱ ἐλεήμονες, ὅτι αὐτοὶ ἐλεηθήσονται.
« ᾿Agathynon, Kyrie, tois agathois, kai tois euthesi tę̄ kardią. » Deixas tou Theou to dikaion, dikaian poieitai tēn deēsin; hiketeuei gar tōn isōn tychein tous agathous antidoseōn. Touto de kai ho Kyrios ephē; « Hōi metrǭ metreite, antimetrēthēsetai hymin. » Kai; Makarioi hoi eleēmones, hoti autoi eleēthēsontai.
"Do good, O Lord, to the good and to the upright in heart." Having shown God's justice, he makes a just petition; for he begs that the good obtain equal rewards. The Lord too said this: "With the measure you measure, it will be measured back to you"; and: "Blessed are the merciful, for they will obtain mercy."
Ps 125:4 (124:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 7:2 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 5:7 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 125:4: the psalmist justly asks good for the good, as Christ taught measure for measure.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent): « Ὦ μέτρῳ → « Ὧι μέτρῳ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 124.4 (PG 80 80:1887; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
124.5PG 80 80:1887
« Τοὺς δὲ ἐκκλίνοντας εἰς τὰς στραγγαλιάς ἀπάξει Κύριος μετὰ τῶν ἐργαζομένων τὴν ἀνομίαν.» Τὰς στραγγαλιὰς ὁ μὲν ᾿Ακύλας διαπλοκὰς ἡρμήνευσε, σκολιότητας δὲ ὁ Σύμμαχος, ὁ δὲ Θεοδοτίων διεστραμμένα. Ἤτησε μέντοι οὐδὲν ἄδικον ὁ Προφήτης· ἀλλὰ τοὺς μὲν ἀγαθοὺς ἀγαθῶν ἀπολαῦσαι, τοὺς δὲ τὴν θείαν καταλιπόντας ὁδὸν, καὶ στραγγαλιαῖς καὶ διαπλοκαῖς κεχρημένους, τὸ κατάλληλον τέλος εὑρεῖν. « Εἰρήνη ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραήλ. » Ἐκείνων δὲ δεξαμένων τὸν ὄλεθρον, οὗτοι τῆς εἰρήνης ἀπήλαυσαν. Προσήκει μέν τοι εἰδέναι, ὡς ταύτης ἀπήλαυσε τῆς προσηγορίας ὁ Ἰακὼβ τῆς θείας ἀξιωθεὶς θεωρίας. Ὁμωνύμους τοιγαροῦν ἔχει τοὺς ὁμοτρόπους, καὶ καθαρὰν πίστιν κεκτημένους καὶ ψυχήν. Οὐ γὰρ πάντες οἱ ἐξ Ἰσραὴλ οὗτοι Ἰσραὴλ, ἀλλ᾽ οἱ τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἀσπαζόμενοι τὴν εὐσέβειαν.
« Tous de ekklinontas eis tas strangalias apaxei Kyrios meta tōn ergazomenōn tēn anomian.» Tas strangalias ho men ᾿Akylas diaplokas hērmēneuse, skoliotētas de ho Symmachos, ho de Theodotiōn diestrammena. Ētēse mentoi ouden adikon ho Prophētēs; alla tous men agathous agathōn apolausai, tous de tēn theian katalipontas hodon, kai strangaliais kai diaplokais kechrēmenous, to katallēlon telos heurein. « Eirēnē epi ton Israēl. » Ekeinōn de dexamenōn ton olethron, houtoi tēs eirēnēs apēlausan. Prosēkei men toi eidenai, hōs tautēs apēlause tēs prosēgorias ho Iakōb tēs theias axiōtheis theōrias. Homōnymous toigaroun echei tous homotropous, kai katharan pistin kektēmenous kai psychēn. Ou gar pantes hoi ex Israēl houtoi Israēl, all᾽ hoi tou Israēl aspazomenoi tēn eusebeian.
"But those who turn aside into crooked ways the Lord will lead away with the workers of lawlessness." For "crooked ways" Aquila rendered "tangles," Symmachus "crookednesses," Theodotion "perverse things." The prophet asked nothing unjust, but that the good enjoy good things, and that those who left the divine road and used crooked ways and tangles find the fitting end. "Peace upon Israel." "When those received destruction, these enjoyed peace." One should know that Jacob received this name when he was counted worthy of the divine vision. So those like him in conduct, who have acquired pure faith and a pure soul, share his name. For not all who are from Israel are Israel, but those who embrace Israel's piety.
Ps 125:5 (124:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 32:28 (allusion, high confidence) · Rom 9:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 125:5: the crooked will perish with the wicked; 'Israel' means those who share Jacob's piety, not merely his descendants.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing; letter lost and split word (OCR)): Ητησε → Ἤτησε; τοῦ Ἰσραὴ ἀσπαζόμενοι τὴν εὐσέ· βειαν → τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἀσπαζόμενοι τὴν εὐσέβειαν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 124.5 (PG 80 80:1887; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/124-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 125
125.1PG 80 80:1889
« ᾠδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν. » "Απαντας μὲν ὁ Κῦρος βασιλεύσας ἐπανελθεῖν Ἰουδαίους προσέταξε, μοχθηρὰν δὲ οἱ πλείους ἔχοντες γνώμην, καὶ εἰς ἅπαντα τοῖς θείοις ἀντιτείνοντες νόμοις, ἐπανελθεῖν οὐκ ἠθέλησαν. Ὅσοι δὲ τῆς προγονικῆς εὐσεβείας ἐπεμελοῦντο, καὶ τῆς κατὰ νόμον λατρείας ἐπεθύμουν, ἀσπασίως ἐποιήσαντο τὴν ἐπάνοδον. Οὗτοι τοίνυν ἐν τῷδε τῷ Ψαλμῷ τὴν οἰκείαν ἐλευθερίαν ὁρῶντες γεγήθασιν· εὔχονται δὲ ταύτης καὶ τοὺς ὁμοφύλους τυχεῖν. · Ἐν τῷ ἐπιστρέψαι Κύριον τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν Σιὼν, ἐγενήθημεν ὡσεὶ παρακεκλημένοι. » Τὸ ὡς ἐπιτάσεως ἐνταῦθα σημαντικόν. Πολλῆς, φησὶν, ἀπηλαύσαμεν θυμηδίας, λύσαντος τοῦ Θεοῦ τῆς τιμωρίας τὸν ὅρον, καὶ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν τοῖς αἰχμαλώτοις δωρησαμένου.
« ǭdē tōn anabathmōn. » "Apantas men ho Kyros basileusas epanelthein Ioudaious prosetaxe, mochthēran de hoi pleious echontes gnōmēn, kai eis hapanta tois theiois antiteinontes nomois, epanelthein ouk ēthelēsan. Hosoi de tēs progonikēs eusebeias epemelounto, kai tēs kata nomon latreias epethymoun, aspasiōs epoiēsanto tēn epanodon. Houtoi toinyn en tǭde tǭ Psalmǭ tēn oikeian eleutherian horōntes gegēthasin; euchontai de tautēs kai tous homophylous tychein. ; En tǭ epistrepsai Kyrion tēn aichmalōsian Siōn, egenēthēmen hōsei parakeklēmenoi. » To hōs epitaseōs entautha sēmantikon. Pollēs, phēsin, apēlausamen thymēdias, lysantos tou Theou tēs timōrias ton horon, kai tēn eleutherian tois aichmalōtois dōrēsamenou.
"A song of the ascents." When Cyrus became king, he ordered all the Jews to return; but most of them, having a perverse mind and opposing the divine laws in everything, would not return. But all who cared for the piety of their forefathers and longed for the worship according to the law gladly made the return. In this psalm, then, these rejoice at seeing their own freedom, and pray that their kinsmen too may obtain it. "When the Lord turned back the captivity of Zion, we became like those comforted." "Like" here signifies intensity. "We enjoyed great delight," he says, "when God dissolved the limit of the punishment and granted freedom to the captives."
Ps 126:1 (125:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ezra 1:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 126:1: when Cyrus allowed the return, only the pious went back; they rejoice and pray for their kinsmen still in exile.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent; OCR breathing): ὁ Κύρος → ὁ Κῦρος; ὄρον → ὅρον.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 125.1 (PG 80 80:1889; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/125-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/125-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
125.2PG 80 80:1889
« Τότε ἐπλήσθη χαρᾶς τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν, καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα ἡμῶν ἀγαλλιάσεως. • Εὐθὺς γὰρ ὑπὸ τῆς θυμηδίας διαχυθέντες ἐκινήσαμεν εἰς ὑμνῳδίαν τὰς γλώττας. Τὴν γὰρ ἀγαλλίασιν ὁ μὲν ᾿Ακύλας αἴνεσιν, ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος εὐφημίαν, ἡρμήνευσαν. «Τότε ἐροῦσιν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, Ἐμεγάλυνε Κύριος τοῦ ποιῆσαι μετ' αὐτῶν. » Τοῦτο δὲ ἡμᾶς πολυθρυλλήτους παρὰ πᾶσιν ἀπέφηνεν. "Απαντες γὰρ τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ μεγαλουργίαν θαυμάζουσιν, ὅτι τῆς πικρᾶς ἡμᾶς ἐκείνης δουλείας ἀπήλλαξε · καὶ ἡμεῖς μέν τοι βοῶμεν· « Ἐμεγάλυνε Κύριος τοῦ ποιῆσαι μεθ᾽ ἡμῶν, ἐγενήθημεν εὐφραινόμενοι. » "Ἄτοπον γὰρ τοὺς μὲν τῆς θείας γνώσεως ἐστερημένους τὴν εἰς ἡμᾶς γεγενημένην θαυμάζειν φιλανθρωπίαν, ἡμᾶς δὲ τοὺς τῆς εὐεργεσίας τετυχηκότας ἀχαριστίαν νοσεῖν.
« Tote eplēsthē charas to stoma hēmōn, kai hē glōssa hēmōn agalliaseōs. • Euthys gar hypo tēs thymēdias diachythentes ekinēsamen eis hymnǭdian tas glōttas. Tēn gar agalliasin ho men ᾿Akylas ainesin, ho de Symmachos euphēmian, hērmēneusan. «Tote erousin en tois ethnesin, Emegalyne Kyrios tou poiēsai met' autōn. » Touto de hēmas polythryllētous para pasin apephēnen. "Apantes gar tēn tou Theou megalourgian thaumazousin, hoti tēs pikras hēmas ekeinēs douleias apēllaxe ; kai hēmeis men toi boōmen; « Emegalyne Kyrios tou poiēsai meth᾽ hēmōn, egenēthēmen euphrainomenoi. » "Atopon gar tous men tēs theias gnōseōs esterēmenous tēn eis hēmas gegenēmenēn thaumazein philanthrōpian, hēmas de tous tēs euergesias tetychēkotas acharistian nosein.
"Then our mouth was filled with joy, and our tongue with exultation." "For at once, overflowing with delight, we moved our tongues to hymnody." For "exultation" Aquila rendered "praise," Symmachus "acclamation." "Then they will say among the nations: The Lord has done great things for them." "This made us celebrated among all. For all marvel at God's mighty work, that he freed us from that bitter slavery; and we for our part cry: The Lord has done great things for us; we have become glad." For it would be absurd that those deprived of the knowledge of God should marvel at the love for humankind shown to us, while we who received the benefit should be sick with ingratitude.
Ps 126:2 (125:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 126:3 (125:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 126:2–3: the nations marveled at the return, and the returned exiles must praise God even more.
- A marginal verse number printed in the text is removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letter; marginal verse number and breathing (OCR)): Ουμηδίας → θυμηδίας; βοῶμεν · γ. Εμεγάλυνε → βοῶμεν· « Ἐμεγάλυνε.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 125.2 (PG 80 80:1889; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/125-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/125-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
125.4PG 80 80:1889
· Ἐπίστρεψον, Κύριε, τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν ἡμῶν, ὡς χειμάῤῥους ἐν τῷ νότῳ. » Ὧν ἔτυχον ἀγαθῶν, καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ὁμοφύλους ἀπολαῦσαι ποθοῦσι, καὶ τὸν κοινὸν Δεσπότην ἀντιβολοῦσι μεταδοῦναι τῆς ἐλευθερίας κἀκείνοις, ὥστε χειμάῤῥουν μιμεῖσθαι τῶν ἐπανιόντων τὸ πλῆθος. Νότον δὲ τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ καλῶν, ἀπὸ τῆς θέσεως τέθεικε τὴν προσηγορίαν· οὕτως αὐτὴν καὶ Ἰεζεκιήλ, καὶ ᾿Ἀββακούμ ὀνομάζουσι. Δηλοῖ δὲ καὶ ἕτερον ὁ λόγος. Ὁ γὰρ νότος ἄνεμος ὑγρὸς ὢν, νεφῶν τὸν ἀέρα πληροῖ, καὶ ὄμβρους ἐπάγει σφοδρούς · καὶ μέντοι καὶ τὴν χιόνα πεφυκὼς διαλύειν, ἐμπίπλησι τοὺς χειμάῤῥους ὑδάτων. Οὕτω τοιγαροῦν, φησὶ, καὶ τοὺς ἡμετέρους ὁμοφύλους πανταχοῦ διεσπαρμένους κέλευσον ἀθροισθῆναι, καὶ χειμάῤῥου δίκην τὴν πορείαν ποιήσασθαι.
; Epistrepson, Kyrie, tēn aichmalōsian hēmōn, hōs cheimarrhous en tǭ notǭ. » Hōn etychon agathōn, kai tous allous homophylous apolausai pothousi, kai ton koinon Despotēn antibolousi metadounai tēs eleutherias kakeinois, hōste cheimarrhoun mimeisthai tōn epaniontōn to plēthos. Noton de tēn Hierousalēm kalōn, apo tēs theseōs tetheike tēn prosēgorian; houtōs autēn kai Iezekiēl, kai ᾿Abbakoum onomazousi. Dēloi de kai heteron ho logos. Ho gar notos anemos hygros ōn, nephōn ton aera plēroi, kai ombrous epagei sphodrous ; kai mentoi kai tēn chiona pephykōs dialyein, empiplēsi tous cheimarrhous hydatōn. Houtō toigaroun, phēsi, kai tous hēmeterous homophylous pantachou diesparmenous keleuson athroisthēnai, kai cheimarrhou dikēn tēn poreian poiēsasthai.
"Turn back our captivity, O Lord, like torrents in the south." They long for their other kinsmen to enjoy the good things they obtained, and plead with the common Master to give them too a share in freedom, so that the multitude of those returning may imitate a torrent. He calls Jerusalem "the south," giving the name from its position; so Ezekiel and Habakkuk name it too. The word also shows something else. For the south wind, being moist, fills the air with clouds and brings heavy rains; and since it naturally melts the snow, it fills the torrents with water. "So then," he says, "command our kinsmen scattered everywhere to be gathered, and make their journey like a torrent."
Ps 126:4 (125:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ezek 20:46 (allusion, medium confidence) · Hab 3:3 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 126:4: the returned pray that the rest of the exiles may stream home like torrents swollen by the south wind; 'the south' is Jerusalem.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing; stray space (OCR)): κάκείνοις → κἀκείνοις; καλῶν , ἀπὸ → καλῶν, ἀπὸ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 125.4 (PG 80 80:1889; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/125-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/125-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
125.5PG 80 80:1889
« Οἱ σπείροντες ἐν δάκρυσιν, ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει θεριοῦσι. » Οὐ μάτην δὲ τὰς ἱκετείας ποιούμεθα, ἀλλὰ τοὺς τῶν δακρύων εἰδότες καρπούς. Οἱ γὰρ μετὰ τούτων τὰ σπέρματα καταβάλλοντες, δαψιλῆ τὸν ἀμητὸν ὁρῶντες εὐφραίνονται. « Πορευόμενοι ἐπορεύοντο, καὶ ἔκλαιον, βάλλοντες τὰ σπέρματα αὐτῶν· ἐρχόμενοι δὲ ἥξουσιν ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει, αἴροντες τὰ δράγματα αὐτῶν. » Διαφόρως τὴν αὐτὴν διάνοιαν εἴρηκε, τῇ ποικιλίᾳ τῆς διδασκαλίας πλείονα τὴν ὠφέλειαν πραγματευόμενος.
« Hoi speirontes en dakrysin, en agalliasei theriousi. » Ou matēn de tas hiketeias poioumetha, alla tous tōn dakryōn eidotes karpous. Hoi gar meta toutōn ta spermata kataballontes, dapsilē ton amēton horōntes euphrainontai. « Poreuomenoi eporeuonto, kai eklaion, ballontes ta spermata autōn; erchomenoi de hēxousin en agalliasei, airontes ta dragmata autōn. » Diaphorōs tēn autēn dianoian eirēke, tę̄ poikilią tēs didaskalias pleiona tēn ōpheleian pragmateuomenos.
"Those who sow in tears will reap in exultation." "We do not make our supplications in vain, but knowing the fruits of tears. For those who cast seed with them rejoice at seeing an abundant harvest." "Going they went and wept, casting their seeds; but coming they will come with exultation, bearing their sheaves." He has said the same thought in different ways, bringing about greater benefit by the variety of the teaching.
Ps 126:5 (125:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 126:6 (125:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 126:5–6: tears in prayer, like seed, yield a joyful harvest.
- A marginal verse number and a running head ("Interpretation of …") printed in the text are removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (marginal verse number (OCR); running head (OCR)): εὐφραίνονται. ς'. « → εὐφραίνονται. «; πραγματευόμενος. ΕΡΜΗΝ. ΤΟΥ → πραγματευόμενος..
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 125.5 (PG 80 80:1889; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/125-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/125-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 126
126.1PG 80 80:1891
« Ὠδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν τοῦ Σολομών. » Πάλαι μὲν τὸν θεῖον νεὼν Σολομών ᾠκοδόμησε, καταλυθέντα δὲ ὑπὸ Βαβυλωνίων Ζοροβάβελ ἀνέστησε. Τοῦτον οἶμαι Σολομῶντα ὀνομάζεσθαι, καὶ ὡς ἐκ Σολομῶντος τὸ γένος κατάγοντα, καὶ ὡς Σολομῶντος ἀνανεούμενον ἔργον. Οὐδὲ γὰρ τῇ Σολομῶντος οἰκοδομίᾳ ὁ προφητικὸς ἀρμόττει λόγος, ἀλλὰ τῇ μετὰ τὴν ἐπάνοδον ὑπὸ τοῦ Ζοροβάβελ γεγενημένῃ. Τηνικαῦτα μὲν αὐτοὶ οἰκοδομεῖν ἐπειρῶντο, διεκώλυον δὲ οἱ γειτονεύοντες, καὶ αὐτοὶ συνεχῶς πολεμοῦντες, καὶ τὴν Περσῶν κατ᾿ αὐτῶν ἐρεθίζοντες βασιλείαν. Καὶ ταῦτα ἡ τοῦ Ἔσδρα σαφέστερον διδάσκει γραφή· οἱ περὶ τὸν Ζοροβάβελ τοίνυν, καὶ Ἰησοῦν τὸν τοῦ Σαλαθιήλ, καὶ οἱ μετ᾿ αὐτῶν εὐσεβείᾳ κοσμούμενοι, τήνδε τὴν εἰσήγησιν προσφέρουσι τοῦ ψαλμοῦ· « Ἐὰν μὴ Κύριος οἰκοδομήσῃ οἶκον, εἰς μάτην ἐκοπίασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες. Ἐὰν μὴ Κύριος φυλάξῃ πόλιν, εἰς μάτην ἠγρύπνησεν ὁ φυλάσσων. » Μηδεὶς μήτε τῶν οἰκοδομούντων, μήτε τῶν φυλαττόντων, τῇ οἰκείᾳ δυνάμει θαῤῥείτω, ἀλλὰ τὴν θείαν ἐπικαλείσθω ῥοπήν. Ταύτης γὰρ συνεργούσης ἑκάτερον ῥάδιον· ἀναβαλλομένου δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν βοήθειαν, μάταιος ἡ τῶν ἀνθρώπων σπουδή.
« Ōdē tōn anabathmōn tou Solomōn. » Palai men ton theion neōn Solomōn ǭkodomēse, katalythenta de hypo Babylōniōn Zorobabel anestēse. Touton oimai Solomōnta onomazesthai, kai hōs ek Solomōntos to genos katagonta, kai hōs Solomōntos ananeoumenon ergon. Oude gar tę̄ Solomōntos oikodomią ho prophētikos armottei logos, alla tę̄ meta tēn epanodon hypo tou Zorobabel gegenēmenę̄. Tēnikauta men autoi oikodomein epeirōnto, diekōlyon de hoi geitoneuontes, kai autoi synechōs polemountes, kai tēn Persōn kat᾿ autōn erethizontes basileian. Kai tauta hē tou Esdra saphesteron didaskei graphē; hoi peri ton Zorobabel toinyn, kai Iēsoun ton tou Salathiēl, kai hoi met᾿ autōn eusebeią kosmoumenoi, tēnde tēn eisēgēsin prospherousi tou psalmou; « Ean mē Kyrios oikodomēsę̄ oikon, eis matēn ekopiasan hoi oikodomountes. Ean mē Kyrios phylaxę̄ polin, eis matēn ēgrypnēsen ho phylassōn. » Mēdeis mēte tōn oikodomountōn, mēte tōn phylattontōn, tę̄ oikeią dynamei tharrheitō, alla tēn theian epikaleisthō rhopēn. Tautēs gar synergousēs hekateron rhadion; anaballomenou de tou Theou tēn boētheian, mataios hē tōn anthrōpōn spoudē.
"A song of the ascents, of Solomon." Long ago Solomon built the divine temple, and when it was destroyed by the Babylonians, Zerubbabel raised it up. I think he is named Solomon both as tracing his descent from Solomon and as renewing Solomon's work. For the prophetic word does not fit Solomon's building but the one carried out by Zerubbabel after the return. At that time they tried to build, but their neighbors prevented them, both making war on them continually and stirring up the Persian kingdom against them. The writing of Ezra teaches this more clearly. Those with Zerubbabel and Jeshua, and those with them adorned with piety, then, offer this as the opening of the psalm: "Unless the Lord builds the house, those who build it have labored in vain. Unless the Lord guards the city, the watchman has kept awake in vain." "Let no one, whether builder or guard, trust in his own power, but call on the divine help. For when it works with them, both are easy; but when God withholds his help, human zeal is vain."
Ps 127:1 (126:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ezra 4:4 (allusion, high confidence) · Ezra 3:2 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 127:1: 'Solomon' stands for Zerubbabel, his descendant who rebuilt the temple amid opposition; without God, building and guarding are vain.
- Theodoret takes 'Jeshua son of Shealtiel' together with Zerubbabel; in Ezra Jeshua is son of Jozadak and Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel. Translated as written.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent; OCR breathing; split word and stray letters (OCR); stray letter and split word (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): Πάλαι δι μὲν → Πάλαι μὲν; και ταλυθέντα σε δὲ → καταλυθέντα δὲ; ἀνἐστησε → ἀνέστησε; τὴν δ᾽ Περσῶν κατ᾿ αὐτῶν ἐρεθίζοντες δε βασιλείαν δε. → τὴν Περσῶν κατ᾿ αὐτῶν ἐρεθίζοντες βασιλείαν.; Ἑὰν μὴ → Ἐὰν μὴ; ἀναβαλΟ λομένου → ἀναβαλλομένου.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 126.1 (PG 80 80:1891; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
126.2PG 80 80:1891
• Εἰς μάτην ὑμῖν ἐστι τοῦ ὀρθρίζειν, ἐγείρεσθε μετὰ τὸ καθῆσθαι, οἱ ἐσθίοντες ἄρτον ὀδύνης. » Τὸ ἐγείρεσθε οὐκ ἔστι προστακτικὸν, ἀλλὰ ἀπαρέμφατον. Λέγει δὲ ὅτι πάντα μάταια, τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων μὴ συνεργοῦντος, καὶ τὸ ὀρθρίζειν, καὶ τὸ ἀνίστασθαι, εἴς τε φυλακὴν τῆς πόλεως, καὶ εἰς τὴν προκειμένην οἰκοδομίαν. Διὸ παραινεῖ τοῖς μετ᾿ ὀδύνης τὸν ἄρτον ἐσθίουσι διὰ τὰς τῶν πολεμίων ἐπαναστάσεις, εἰς τὸν Θεὸν τὰς ἐλπίδας ἔχειν. « Ὅταν δῷ τοῖς ἀγαπητοῖς αὐτοῦ ὕπνον.
• Eis matēn hymin esti tou orthrizein, egeiresthe meta to kathēsthai, hoi esthiontes arton odynēs. » To egeiresthe ouk esti prostaktikon, alla aparemphaton. Legei de hoti panta mataia, tou Theou tōn holōn mē synergountos, kai to orthrizein, kai to anistasthai, eis te phylakēn tēs poleōs, kai eis tēn prokeimenēn oikodomian. Dio parainei tois met᾿ odynēs ton arton esthiousi dia tas tōn polemiōn epanastaseis, eis ton Theon tas elpidas echein. « Hotan dǭ tois agapētois autou hypnon.
"It is vain for you to rise early; rise after sitting, you who eat the bread of pain." "Rise" is not imperative but infinitive. He says that all is vain if the God of all does not work with them: rising early and getting up, whether to guard the city or for the building in hand. Therefore he urges those who eat their bread in pain because of the enemies' uprisings to put their hopes in God. "When he gives sleep to his beloved."
Ps 127:2 (126:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 127:2: all effort to guard and build is vain without God; the anxious should hope in him, who gives rest to his beloved.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing and lost quotation mark; stray letter (OCR); stray space (OCR)): τοῦ σ' ὀρθρίζειν → τοῦ ὀρθρίζειν; καθῆσθαι , οἱ → καθῆσθαι, οἱ; Όταν δῷ → « Ὅταν δῷ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 126.2 (PG 80 80:1891; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
126.3PG 80 80:1891
« Ἰδοὺ ἡ κληρονομία Κυρίου υἱοὶ, μισθὸς τοῦ καρποῦ τῆς γαστρός. » Ὕπνον ἐνταῦθα τροπικῶς τὴν ἀνάπαυσιν προσηγόρευσεν· ἀνάπαυλαν δὲ καὶ ὁ ὕπνος τοῖς ἀνθρώποις παρέχει. Τοῦ Θεοῦ τοίνυν, φησὶ, τῆς οἰκείας ἀξιοῦντος κηδεμονίας, δυνησόμεθα τῶν πολεμούντων περιγενέσθαι, καὶ ἀπόνως οἰκοδομῆσαι, καὶ διάγειν ἀσφαλῶς, καὶ δίχα φροντίδος καθεύδειν, καὶ πλειόνων παίδων γενέσθαι πατέρες κατὰ τὴν θείαν ὑπόσχεσιν. Ὑπέσχετο γὰρ ποιήσειν ἡμῶν τὸ γένος, ὡς τὴν ἄμμον τὴν παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἔφη. • Ἰδοὺ ἡ κληρονομία Κυρίου υἱοὶ, μισθὸς τοῦ καρποῦ τῆς γαστρός · · τουτέστιν, ἡ θεία ὑπόσχεσις, καὶ ἡ περὶ τοὺς παῖδας εὐλογία, καθάπερ τις ἡμῖν μισθὸς τοῖς εἰς αὐτὸν ἠλπικόσι δεδώρηται.
« Idou hē klēronomia Kyriou huioi, misthos tou karpou tēs gastros. » Hypnon entautha tropikōs tēn anapausin prosēgoreusen; anapaulan de kai ho hypnos tois anthrōpois parechei. Tou Theou toinyn, phēsi, tēs oikeias axiountos kēdemonias, dynēsometha tōn polemountōn perigenesthai, kai aponōs oikodomēsai, kai diagein asphalōs, kai dicha phrontidos katheudein, kai pleionōn paidōn genesthai pateres kata tēn theian hyposchesin. Hypescheto gar poiēsein hēmōn to genos, hōs tēn ammon tēn para to cheilos tēs thalassēs. Touto kai entautha ephē. • Idou hē klēronomia Kyriou huioi, misthos tou karpou tēs gastros ; ; toutestin, hē theia hyposchesis, kai hē peri tous paidas eulogia, kathaper tis hēmin misthos tois eis auton ēlpikosi dedōrētai.
"Behold, sons are the inheritance of the Lord, the reward of the fruit of the womb." Here he figuratively called rest "sleep"; for sleep too gives human beings rest. "When God, then," he says, "counts us worthy of his care, we will be able to overcome those who make war on us, build without toil, live safely, sleep without anxiety, and become fathers of more children, according to the divine promise." For he promised to make our race like the sand by the shore of the sea. This is what he said here too: "Behold, sons are the inheritance of the Lord, the reward of the fruit of the womb"; that is, the divine promise and the blessing concerning children has been given to us who have hoped in him as a kind of reward.
Ps 127:3 (126:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 22:17 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 127:2–3: God's 'sleep' is rest from fear; under his care the returned will build in safety and have many children, as promised to Abraham.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR); stray letters (OCR); unbalanced bracket for quotation mark (OCR)): ] Ἰδοὺ ἡ κληρονομία → « Ἰδοὺ ἡ κληρονομία; ἀνάπαυσιν οι προσηγόρευσεν → ἀνάπαυσιν προσηγόρευσεν; υἱοὶ, ὁ μισθὸς → υἱοὶ, μισθὸς.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 126.3 (PG 80 80:1891; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
126.4PG 80 80:1893
« Ὡσεὶ βέλη ἐν χειρὶ δυνατοῦ, οὕτως οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν τετιναγμένων. » Ὁ δὲ Θεοδοτίων, Ὡς βέλη ἐν χειρὶ δυνατοῦ, οὕτως υἱοὶ νεότητος· κατὰ ταύτην δὲ καὶ ὁ ᾿Ακύλας καὶ ὁ Σύμμαχος ἡρμήνευσαν. Λέγει δὲ, ὅτι Ἐσόμεθα τῷ Θεῷ πεποιθότες οὐ μόνον πολλοί, ἀλλὰ καὶ δυνατοὶ, οἷόν τινα βέλη παρὰ δυνατοῦ τινος ἐφιέμενα · καὶ οἱ νῦν ἀσθενεῖς, καὶ σφόδρα ταλαιπωρούμενοι (τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὸ ἐκτετιναγμένων), ἰσχυροὶ λίαν ἐσόμεθα, τῆς ἄνωθεν ῥοπῆς ἀπολαύσαντες.
« Hōsei belē en cheiri dynatou, houtōs hoi huioi tōn tetinagmenōn. » Ho de Theodotiōn, Hōs belē en cheiri dynatou, houtōs huioi neotētos; kata tautēn de kai ho ᾿Akylas kai ho Symmachos hērmēneusan. Legei de, hoti Esometha tǭ Theǭ pepoithotes ou monon polloi, alla kai dynatoi, hoion tina belē para dynatou tinos ephiemena ; kai hoi nyn astheneis, kai sphodra talaipōroumenoi (touto gar dēloi to ektetinagmenōn), ischyroi lian esometha, tēs anōthen rhopēs apolausantes.
"Like arrows in the hand of a mighty man, so are the sons of those who have been shaken off." Theodotion has: "Like arrows in the hand of a mighty man, so are sons of youth"; Aquila and Symmachus rendered in the same way. He says: "Trusting in God we will be not only many but strong, like arrows shot by a mighty man; and we who are now weak and in great distress (this is what 'shaken off' shows) will become very strong, enjoying help from above."
Ps 127:4 (126:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 127:4: the weakened exiles will become many and strong, like arrows in a warrior's hand.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing; stray letters (OCR)): ταύτην δὲ σε καὶ ὁ ᾿Ακύλας σ' καὶ → ταύτην δὲ καὶ ὁ ᾿Ακύλας καὶ; Εσόμεθα → Ἐσόμεθα.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 126.4 (PG 80 80:1893; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
126.5PG 80 80:1893
« Μακάριος ὃς πληρώσει τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν αὐτοῦ τὸ ἐξ αὐτῶν. » Τουτέστι τῶν πολεμίων. Οὐ μόνον γὰρ οὐχ ἡττησόμεθα, ἀλλὰ καὶ περιγενησόμεθα τούτων, καὶ ζηλωτοὶ παρὰ πᾶσιν ἐσόμεθα. « Οὐ καταισχυνθήσονται, ὅταν λαλῶσι τοῖς ἐχθροῖς αὐτοῦ ἐν πύλαις. » Τουτέστιν, ἡνίκα ἂν πρὸ τῶν πυλῶν τοῖς παρὰ τῶν πολεμίων πεμπομένοις πρέσβεσι διαλεξόμεθα. Τοῦτο δὲ εἶπε κατὰ τὸ παλαιὸν ἔθος · οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐδέχοντο εἴσω τῶν πυλῶν τοὺς πεμπομένους πρέσβεις, ἀλλ᾽ ἔξω τὰς ὑποκρίσεις ἐποιοῦντο. Διὰ πάντων δὲ τῆς εἰς Θεὸν ἐλπίδος τὸ ἄμαχον ἔδειξεν. « Ὠδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν. » Ὅσων πρόξενον ἀγαθῶν τὸ πεποιθέναι Θεῷ δείξας ἐν τῷ προτεταγμένῳ ψαλμῷ, ἐνταῦθα μακαρίζει τοὺς μετὰ τῆς ἐλπίδος τὸν θεῖον ἔχοντας φόβον, δι' ὃν καὶ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἡ κτῆσις προσγίνεται. Ἀναγκαῖον δὲ τοῖς τῷ Θεῷ πεπιστευκόσιν ἡ κατὰ Θεὸν πολιτεία · οὗτος γὰρ εὐσεβείας τέλειος ὅρος.
« Makarios hos plērōsei tēn epithymian autou to ex autōn. » Toutesti tōn polemiōn. Ou monon gar ouch hēttēsometha, alla kai perigenēsometha toutōn, kai zēlōtoi para pasin esometha. « Ou kataischynthēsontai, hotan lalōsi tois echthrois autou en pylais. » Toutestin, hēnika an pro tōn pylōn tois para tōn polemiōn pempomenois presbesi dialexometha. Touto de eipe kata to palaion ethos ; oude gar edechonto eisō tōn pylōn tous pempomenous presbeis, all᾽ exō tas hypokriseis epoiounto. Dia pantōn de tēs eis Theon elpidos to amachon edeixen. « Ōdē tōn anabathmōn. » Hosōn proxenon agathōn to pepoithenai Theǭ deixas en tǭ protetagmenǭ psalmǭ, entautha makarizei tous meta tēs elpidos ton theion echontas phobon, di' hon kai tēs aretēs hē ktēsis prosginetai. Anankaion de tois tǭ Theǭ pepisteukosin hē kata Theon politeia ; houtos gar eusebeias teleios horos.
"Blessed is he who will fulfill his desire from them"; that is, from the enemies. "For not only will we not be defeated, but we will overcome them and be envied by all." "They will not be put to shame when they speak with their enemies in the gates"; that is, when we converse before the gates with the envoys sent by the enemy. He said this according to the ancient custom; for they did not receive envoys inside the gates, but gave their answers outside. Through all this he showed the invincibility of hope in God. "A song of the ascents." Having shown in the preceding psalm how many good things trust in God procures, here he calls blessed those who have divine fear with hope, through which the acquisition of virtue also comes. For those who have believed in God, a life according to God is necessary; for this is the perfect definition of piety.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Ps 127:5 (126:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 128:1 (127:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 127:5: hope in God makes his people victorious and confident before enemy envoys at the gates. The section ends with the introduction to the next psalm, on the fear of God and a godly life.
- The last part ('A song of the ascents …') is Theodoret's introduction to Psalm 128 (Septuagint 127), whose heading Migne prints here; Migne's printed heading ('Interpretation of Psalm 127') is removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (Migne's psalm heading printed in the text (OCR); OCR breathing; stray letter (OCR)): αὐτοῦ τ' ἐν πύλαις → αὐτοῦ ἐν πύλαις; ἔδειξεν. ΕΡΜΗΝ. ΡΚΖ' ΨΑΛΜΟΥ. • ᾠδὴ → ἔδειξεν. « Ὠδὴ; Αναγκαῖον → Ἀναγκαῖον.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 126.5 (PG 80 80:1893; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/126-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
Chapter 127
127.1PG 80 80:1893
« Μακάριοι πάντες οἱ φοβούμενοι τὸν Κύριον. » Οὐ τὸν ἐκ γένους ᾿Αβραάμ, οὐδὲ τὸν ἐκ σπέρματος Ἰσραὴλ, ὁ προφητικὸς ἐμακάρισε λόγος, ἀλλὰ τὸν τῷ θείῳ φόβῳ κοσμούμενον. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ μακάριος Πέτρος ἐν ταῖς Πράξεσι λέγει· · Ἐπ᾿ ἀληθείας καταλαμβάνομαι, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστι προσωπολήπτης ὁ Θεὸς, ἀλλ᾽ ἐν παντὶ ἔθνει ὁ φοβούμενος αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐργαζόμενος δικαιοσύνην, δεκτὸς αὐτῷ ἐστιν. › Ὑπέδειξε δὲ ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος καὶ τοῦ θείου φόβου τὸν χαρακτῆρα. Ἐπήγαγε γάρ· Οἱ πορευόμενοι ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτοῦ. › « Οὐ πᾶς γὰρ ὁ λέγων μοι, Κύριε, Κύριε, εἰσελεύσεται εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν· ἀλλ᾽ ὁ ποιῶν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς. » Ἴδιον τοίνυν τῶν φοβουμένων τὸν Κύριον, τὸ μὴ βαίνειν ἔξω τῶν θείων ὁδῶν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐν αὐταῖς ποιεῖσθαι τὴν πορείαν διηνεκῶς.
« Makarioi pantes hoi phoboumenoi ton Kyrion. » Ou ton ek genous ᾿Abraam, oude ton ek spermatos Israēl, ho prophētikos emakarise logos, alla ton tǭ theiǭ phobǭ kosmoumenon. Touto kai ho makarios Petros en tais Praxesi legei; ; Ep᾿ alētheias katalambanomai, hoti ouk esti prosōpolēptēs ho Theos, all᾽ en panti ethnei ho phoboumenos auton, kai ergazomenos dikaiosynēn, dektos autǭ estin. › Hypedeixe de ho prophētikos logos kai tou theiou phobou ton charaktēra. Epēgage gar; Hoi poreuomenoi en tais hodois autou. › « Ou pas gar ho legōn moi, Kyrie, Kyrie, eiseleusetai eis tēn basileian tōn ouranōn; all᾽ ho poiōn to thelēma tou Patros mou tou en ouranois. » Idion toinyn tōn phoboumenōn ton Kyrion, to mē bainein exō tōn theiōn hodōn, all᾽ en autais poieisthai tēn poreian diēnekōs.
"Blessed are all who fear the Lord." The prophetic word called blessed not the one of Abraham's race, nor the one of Israel's seed, but the one adorned with the fear of God. The blessed Peter too says this in the Acts: "Truly I perceive that God shows no partiality, but in every nation the one who fears him and works righteousness is acceptable to him." The prophetic word also showed the mark of the fear of God; for it added: "Who walk in his ways." For "not everyone who says to me, Lord, Lord, will enter the kingdom of heaven, but the one who does the will of my Father in heaven." It is the mark, then, of those who fear the Lord not to step outside the divine ways, but to travel in them continually.
Ps 128:1 (127:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 10:34 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 10:35 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 7:21 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 128:1: blessedness belongs not to Abraham's descendants as such but to all who fear God, as Peter said, and the sign of that fear is walking in his ways.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (joined words (OCR); opening quotation mark lost (OCR)): οὐκἔστι → οὐκ ἔστι; αὐτοῦ. › Οὐ πᾶς → αὐτοῦ. › « Οὐ πᾶς.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 127.1 (PG 80 80:1893; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
127.2PG 80 80:1895
« Τοὺς πόνους τῶν καρπῶν σου φάγεσαι. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος, Κόπον χειρῶν σου ἐσθίων· ὡς εἶναι δῆλον, ὅτι καὶ οἱ Ἑβδομήκοντα καρποὺς οὐ τὴν ἐπικαρπίαν ἐκάλεσαν, ἀλλὰ τὸ μόριον τῶν χειρῶν. Λέγει δὲ, ὅτι Τῶν ὑπὸ σοῦ σπειρομένων ἀγαθῶν τοὺς καρποὺς τρυγήσεις. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ὁ θεῖος ᾿Απόστολος ἔφη, « Ὁ σπείρων φειδομένως, φειδομένως καὶ θερίσει · καὶ ὁ σπείρων ἐπ᾿ εὐλογίαις, ἐπ᾿ εὐλογίαις καὶ θερίσει. » « Μακάριος εἶ σὺ, καὶ καλῶς σοι ἔσται. » Οὐ γὰρ λόγῳ μόνῳ ἔσῃ ζηλωτὸς καὶ περίβλεπτος· ἀλλὰ καὶ ἔργῳ ἔξεις τὴν εὐκληρίαν.
« Tous ponous tōn karpōn sou phagesai. » Ho de Symmachos, Kopon cheirōn sou esthiōn; hōs einai dēlon, hoti kai hoi Hebdomēkonta karpous ou tēn epikarpian ekalesan, alla to morion tōn cheirōn. Legei de, hoti Tōn hypo sou speiromenōn agathōn tous karpous trygēseis. Touto de kai ho theios ᾿Apostolos ephē, « Ho speirōn pheidomenōs, pheidomenōs kai therisei ; kai ho speirōn ep᾿ eulogiais, ep᾿ eulogiais kai therisei. » « Makarios ei sy, kai kalōs soi estai. » Ou gar logǭ monǭ esę̄ zēlōtos kai peribleptos; alla kai ergǭ exeis tēn euklērian.
"You will eat the labors of your fruits." Symmachus has: "Eating the toil of your hands"; so that it is clear that the Seventy too called "fruits" (karpoi) not the produce but the part of the hands (the wrists). He says: "You will gather the fruits of the good things you sow." The divine Apostle said this too: "He who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and he who sows bountifully will also reap bountifully." "You are blessed, and it will be well with you." "For you will be envied and admired not in word only, but you will have the good fortune in deed."
Ps 128:2 (127:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Cor 9:6 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 128:2: the godly will enjoy the fruit of their own labor; 'fruits' here means 'wrists,' as Symmachus shows.
- Greek καρπός can mean both 'fruit' and 'wrist.'
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters and lost quotation mark (OCR); stray mark (OCR)): φάγεσαι. Ὁ τὰ δὲ Σύμμαχος → φάγεσαι. » Ὁ δὲ Σύμμαχος; θερίσει. » – « Μακάριος → θερίσει. » « Μακάριος.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 127.2 (PG 80 80:1895; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
127.3PG 80 80:1895
« Ἡ γυνή σου, ὡς ἄμπελος εὐθηνοῦσα ἐν τοῖς κλίτεσι τῆς οἰκίας σου. » Ἐπειδὴ κατ' ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρὸν ταύτην εὐπραξίαν ἐνόμιζον, ὑπισχνεῖται αὐτοῖς ὁ λόγος καὶ γυναικῶν εὐκαρπίαν, ὥστε ἀμπέλοις παραβάλλεσθαι τεθηλυίαις, καὶ βριθούσαις τοῖς βότρυσιν. « Οἱ υἱοί σου, ὡς νεόφυτα ἐλαιῶν, κύκλῳ τῆς τραπέζης σου. » Καὶ ἐν τῷ πεντηκοστῷ καὶ πρώτῳ ψαλμῷ τὸν δίκαιον ἐλαίᾳ παρέβαλεν· « Ἐγὼ γὰρ, ἔφη, ὡσεὶ ἐλαία κατάκαρπος ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ. » Καὶ ἐνταῦθα τοῦ φοβουμένου τὸν Κύριον τοὺς παῖδας νεοφύτοις ἐλαιῶν ἀπείκασεν, ὡς τῆς εὐσεβείας τὴν ἀρδείαν, καὶ τὸν καρπὸν τὸν ὥριμον φέροντας, καὶ τὸ φύλλον οὐκ ἀποβάλλοντας, κατὰ τὸν ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ψαλμῷ μακαριζόμενον ἄνδρα.
« Hē gynē sou, hōs ampelos euthēnousa en tois klitesi tēs oikias sou. » Epeidē kat' ekeinon ton kairon tautēn eupraxian enomizon, hypischneitai autois ho logos kai gynaikōn eukarpian, hōste ampelois paraballesthai tethēluiais, kai brithousais tois botrysin. « Hoi huioi sou, hōs neophyta elaiōn, kyklǭ tēs trapezēs sou. » Kai en tǭ pentēkostǭ kai prōtǭ psalmǭ ton dikaion elaią parebalen; « Egō gar, ephē, hōsei elaia katakarpos en tǭ oikǭ tou Theou. » Kai entautha tou phoboumenou ton Kyrion tous paidas neophytois elaiōn apeikasen, hōs tēs eusebeias tēn ardeian, kai ton karpon ton hōrimon pherontas, kai to phyllon ouk apoballontas, kata ton en tǭ prōtǭ psalmǭ makarizomenon andra.
"Your wife like a flourishing vine on the sides of your house." Since at that time they considered this good fortune, the word promises them fruitfulness of wives too, so that they are compared to flourishing vines laden with clusters. "Your sons like young olive plants around your table." In the fifty-first psalm too he compared the righteous man to an olive: "For I," he said, "am like a fruitful olive tree in the house of God." Here too he likened the children of the one who fears the Lord to young olive plants, as bearing the irrigation of piety and ripe fruit and not shedding their leaves, like the man called blessed in the first psalm.
Ps 128:3 (127:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 52:8 (51:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 1:3 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 128:3: the promised fruitful wife and olive-like children suited the hopes of the time; the olive image recalls the righteous in Psalms 52 and 1.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR punctuation; closing quotation mark lost (OCR)): ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Καὶ ἐνταῦθα → ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ. » Καὶ ἐνταῦθα; ὥριμον φέροντας. καὶ → ὥριμον φέροντας, καὶ.
Topics: Marriage
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 127.3 (PG 80 80:1895; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
127.4PG 80 80:1895
« Ἰδοὺ οὕτως εὐλογηθήσεται ἄνθρωπος, ὁ φοβούμενος τὸν Κύριον. » Τρόπου γὰρ ὁ Θεὸς, οὐ γένους κριτής. Οὕτω τὸν Ἰὼβ ἐκ τοῦ Ἡσαῦ τὸ γένος κατάγοντα στεφάνων ἠξίωσεν· οὕτω τὸν ᾿Αβιμέλεχ πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐποδήγησεν · οὕτω τὸν εὐνοῦχον, οὕτω τὸν Κορνήλιον, οὕτω πάντα τὰ ἔθνη.
« Idou houtōs eulogēthēsetai anthrōpos, ho phoboumenos ton Kyrion. » Tropou gar ho Theos, ou genous kritēs. Houtō ton Iōb ek tou Hēsau to genos katagonta stephanōn ēxiōsen; houtō ton ᾿Abimelech pros tēn alētheian epodēgēsen ; houtō ton eunouchon, houtō ton Kornēlion, houtō panta ta ethnē.
"Behold, thus will the man be blessed who fears the Lord." For God is judge of conduct, not of race. So he counted Job, who traced his descent from Esau, worthy of crowns; so he guided Abimelech to the truth; so the eunuch, so Cornelius, so all the nations.
Ps 128:4 (127:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 20:6 (allusion, medium confidence) · Acts 8:27 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 10:1 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 128:4: God judges by conduct, not descent, as with Job, Abimelech, the Ethiopian eunuch, Cornelius, and all nations.
- Job's descent from Esau follows a tradition found in the appendix of Septuagint Job (42:17).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark (OCR)): γένους · κριτής → γένους κριτής; γένος ( κατάγοντα → γένος κατάγοντα.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 127.4 (PG 80 80:1895; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
127.5PG 80 80:1895
« Εὐλογήσαι σε Κύριος ἐκ Σιών. » Κατὰ τὴν τότε κατέχουσαν δόξαν. Ἐκεῖ γὰρ οἰκεῖν ὁ Θεὸς νενόμιστο. « Καὶ ἴδοις τὰ ἀγαθὰ Ἱερουσαλήμ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς ζωῆς σου. » Τοῦτο γὰρ ἰδεῖν ἐπόθουν οἱ ἐκ Βαβυλῶνος ἐπανελθόντες, καὶ τῆς πόλεως τὴν ἐρημίαν ὁρῶντες.
« Eulogēsai se Kyrios ek Siōn. » Kata tēn tote katechousan doxan. Ekei gar oikein ho Theos nenomisto. « Kai idois ta agatha Hierousalēm pasas tas hēmeras tēs zōēs sou. » Touto gar idein epothoun hoi ek Babylōnos epanelthontes, kai tēs poleōs tēn erēmian horōntes.
"May the Lord bless you from Zion," according to the belief then prevailing; for God was believed to dwell there. "And may you see the good things of Jerusalem all the days of your life." For those who returned from Babylon and saw the desolation of the city longed to see this.
Ps 128:5 (127:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 128:5: the blessing from Zion reflects the belief of that time; the returned longed to see Jerusalem prosper.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter (OCR)): ἐπόθουν τ' οἱ → ἐπόθουν οἱ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 127.5 (PG 80 80:1895; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
127.6PG 80 80:1895
« Καὶ ἴδοις υἱοὺς τῶν υἱῶν σου. » Εὐλογία μεγάλη νενόμιστο εἰς γῆρας ἐλάσαι βαθὺ, καὶ παῖδας ἰδεῖν. Συμβαινούσας τοίνυν ταῖς γνώμαις ὁρίζει τὰς εὐλογίας · ὅτι δὲ οὐκ ἐν τούτοις εἶδε τῶν ἀγαθῶν τὴν κτῆσιν, ὁ μακάριος Ησαΐας ἐδίδαξε · · Μὴ λεγέτω ὁ εὐνοῦχος, ὅτι Ἐγώ εἰμι ξύλον ξηρὸν, ὅτι τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Τοῖς εὐνούχοις τοῖς φυλαττομένοις τὰ Σάββατά μου, καὶ ἐκλεγομένοις ἃ ἐγὼ θέλω, δώσω αὐτοῖς ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ μου, καὶ ἐν τῷ τείχει μου, τόπον ὀνομαστὸν, καὶ ὄνομα ἀγαθὸν, κρεῖττον υἱῶν καὶ θυγατέρων. » « Εἰρήνη ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραήλ. » Πάλιν ἐπεύχεται τῷ Ἰσραὴλ εἰρήνην. ᾿Αληθὴς δὲ εἰρήνη ἡ πρὸς Θεὸν εἰρήνη. Ὁ δὲ σαρκικὸς Ἰσραὴλ ἐκείνης ἐκπεσὼν, καὶ τῆς ἄλλης ἐστέρηται.
« Kai idois huious tōn huiōn sou. » Eulogia megalē nenomisto eis gēras elasai bathy, kai paidas idein. Symbainousas toinyn tais gnōmais horizei tas eulogias ; hoti de ouk en toutois eide tōn agathōn tēn ktēsin, ho makarios Ēsaïas edidaxe ; ; Mē legetō ho eunouchos, hoti Egō eimi xylon xēron, hoti tade legei Kyrios; Tois eunouchois tois phylattomenois ta Sabbata mou, kai eklegomenois ha egō thelō, dōsō autois en tǭ oikǭ mou, kai en tǭ teichei mou, topon onomaston, kai onoma agathon, kreitton huiōn kai thygaterōn. » « Eirēnē epi ton Israēl. » Palin epeuchetai tǭ Israēl eirēnēn. ᾿Alēthēs de eirēnē hē pros Theon eirēnē. Ho de sarkikos Israēl ekeinēs ekpesōn, kai tēs allēs esterētai.
"And may you see your children's children." It was considered a great blessing to reach a deep old age and to see children. He defines the blessings, then, to fit their way of thinking; but the blessed Isaiah taught that he did not see the possession of good things in these: "Let not the eunuch say, I am a dry tree. For thus says the Lord: To the eunuchs who keep my Sabbaths and choose what I will, I will give in my house and within my wall a renowned place and a good name, better than sons and daughters." "Peace upon Israel." Again he prays peace for Israel. True peace is peace with God. But the Israel according to the flesh, having fallen from that, is deprived of the other too.
Ps 128:6 (127:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 56:3 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 56:4 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 56:5 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 128:6: long life and grandchildren were blessings suited to that age, but Isaiah shows that godliness is better than children; true peace is peace with God, which fleshly Israel has lost.
- The closing remark on 'Israel according to the flesh' is polemical; translated as written.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark and lost quotation marks (OCR)): θυγατέρων. - Εἰρήνη → θυγατέρων. » « Εἰρήνη.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 127.6 (PG 80 80:1895; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/127-6
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos-127-6) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.