Interpretation of the Psalms 105.1–105.48
Greek text: PG 80.English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 105
105.1PG 80 80:1721
᾿Αλληλούϊα. Ἐν μὲν τῷ ρ' καὶ δ' ψαλμῷ τὰς θείας ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος διεξῆλθεν εὐεργεσίας· ἐν τούτῳ δὲ καὶ τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν μέμνηται, καὶ τὰς τῶν εὐεργετηθέντων ἀχαριστίας κατηγορεῖ, τὰς ἐπενεχθείσας αὐτοῖς διαφόρως τιμωρίας διδάσκει. Ἐσχημάτισται δὲ ὡς ἐκ προσώπου τῶν εὐσεβεστέρων, τὰς κοινὰς ὀλοφυρομένων συμφορὰς, καὶ φειδοῦς τυχεῖν ἀντιβολούντων. « Ἐξομολογεῖσθε τῷ Κυρίῳ, ὅτι χρηστὸς, ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ. » Καὶ ἐπὶ ταῖς προτέραις εὐεργεσίαις τὸν Δεσπότην ὑμνήσατε, καὶ τὰς χρηστοτέρας ἐλπίδας προσμείνατε. ᾿Αγαθὸς γὰρ καὶ φιλάνθρωπος ὁ Δεσπότης, καὶ ἀεὶ τῷ ἐλέῳ διατελεῖ χρώμενος. Εἶτα · διδάσκει ὡς ὑπερβάλλει τῶν ἀνθρώπων τὴν φύσιν ἡ τῶν θείων θαυμάτων διήγησις.
᾿Allēlouïa. En men tǭ r' kai d' psalmǭ tas theias ho prophētikos logos diexēlthen euergesias; en toutǭ de kai tōn euergesiōn memnētai, kai tas tōn euergetēthentōn acharistias katēgorei, tas epenechtheisas autois diaphorōs timōrias didaskei. Eschēmatistai de hōs ek prosōpou tōn eusebesterōn, tas koinas olophyromenōn symphoras, kai pheidous tychein antibolountōn. « Exomologeisthe tǭ Kyriǭ, hoti chrēstos, hoti eis ton aiōna to eleos autou. » Kai epi tais proterais euergesiais ton Despotēn hymnēsate, kai tas chrēstoteras elpidas prosmeinate. ᾿Agathos gar kai philanthrōpos ho Despotēs, kai aei tǭ eleǭ diatelei chrōmenos. Eita ; didaskei hōs hyperballei tōn anthrōpōn tēn physin hē tōn theiōn thaumatōn diēgēsis.
Alleluia. In the hundred and fourth psalm the prophetic word recounted the divine benefits; in this one it both recalls the benefits and accuses the ingratitude of those who received them, teaching the various punishments brought upon them. It is composed as if in the person of the more pious, lamenting the common misfortunes and pleading to obtain mercy. "Confess the Lord, for he is good, for his mercy is for ever." "Hymn the Master for his former benefits, and wait for kinder hopes. For the Master is good and loves humankind, and he always continues to show mercy." Then he teaches that the narration of the divine wonders exceeds human nature.
Ps 106:1 (105:1 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:1: the psalm recalls God's benefits and Israel's ingratitude and punishments, in the voice of the pious who ask for mercy.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray mark (OCR)): καὶ τὰς " τῶν → καὶ τὰς τῶν; εὐσεβε στέρων → εὐσεβεστέρων; ἀν θρώπων → ἀνθρώπων.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.1 (PG 80 80:1721; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.2PG 80 80:1723
« Τίς λαλήσει τὰς δυναστείας τοῦ Κυρίου, ἀκουστὰς ποιήσει πάσας τὰς αἰνέσεις αὐτοῦ; › Οὐδεὶς ἀπόχρη λόγος εἰς ὑμνῳδίαν τοῦ τῶν ὅλων Θεοῦ.
« Tis lalēsei tas dynasteias tou Kyriou, akoustas poiēsei pasas tas aineseis autou? › Oudeis apochrē logos eis hymnǭdian tou tōn holōn Theou.
"Who will speak of the mighty acts of the Lord, make all his praises heard?" No word is sufficient to hymn the God of all.
Ps 106:2 (105:2 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:2: no words can adequately praise God.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent and stray letter): Ούδεὶς ὁ ἀπόχρη → Οὐδεὶς ἀπόχρη.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.2 (PG 80 80:1723; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.3PG 80 80:1723
« Μακάριοι οἱ φυλάσσοντες κρίσιν, καὶ ποιοῦντες δικαιοσύνην ἐν παντὶ καιρῷ. » Τῇ αἰσθήσει τῆς ἁμαρτίας ὁ τῆς ἀρετῆς μακαρισμὸς ὑπεισέρχεται. Ὁ γὰρ τὰς ὑπὲρ ταύτης εὐθύνας ἐκτίνων μακαρίζει τοὺς ταύτης ἀπηλλαγμένους, καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ τὸν οἰκεῖον βίον διακοσμοῦντας. Μακαρίζει δὲ οὐ τὸν ἅπαξ τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ χρησάμενον, ἀλλὰ τὸν ἀεὶ καὶ διηνεκῶς τοῖς ταύτης ἑπόμενον ἴχνεσι.
« Makarioi hoi phylassontes krisin, kai poiountes dikaiosynēn en panti kairǭ. » Tę̄ aisthēsei tēs hamartias ho tēs aretēs makarismos hypeiserchetai. Ho gar tas hyper tautēs euthynas ektinōn makarizei tous tautēs apēllagmenous, kai dikaiosynę̄ ton oikeion bion diakosmountas. Makarizei de ou ton hapax tę̄ dikaiosynę̄ chrēsamenon, alla ton aei kai diēnekōs tois tautēs hepomenon ichnesi.
"Blessed are those who keep judgment and do righteousness at all times." With awareness of sin comes the blessing of virtue. For one who is paying the penalty for sin calls blessed those who are free of it and order their own life by righteousness. And he calls blessed not the one who practiced righteousness once, but the one who always and continually follows in its footsteps.
Ps 106:3 (105:3 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:3: those who know their sin call blessed the one who practices righteousness continually.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent; split word (OCR)): ποιοῦν τες → ποιοῦντες; ἑπόμενον ίχνεσι → ἑπόμενον ἴχνεσι.
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.3 (PG 80 80:1723; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.4PG 80 80:1723
Μνήσθητι ἡμῶν, Κύριε, ἐν τῇ εὐδοκίᾳ τοῦ λαοῦ σου, ἐπίσκεψαι ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ σωτηρίῳ σου.» Ἐνταῦθα τὸν νέον λαὸν αἰνίττεται, καὶ τὴν ἐξ ἐθνῶν Ἐκκλησίαν, ἣν τῆς σωτηρίας ἠξίωσεν, ἧς ἁρπάσαι διδάσκεται τὴν κοινωνίαν ἡ Ἰουδαίων πληθύς. Συμφωνεῖ δὲ τῇ διανοίᾳ καὶ τὰ ἐπιφερόμενα.
Mnēsthēti hēmōn, Kyrie, en tę̄ eudokią tou laou sou, episkepsai hēmas en tǭ sōtēriǭ sou.» Entautha ton neon laon ainittetai, kai tēn ex ethnōn Ekklēsian, hēn tēs sōtērias ēxiōsen, hēs harpasai didasketai tēn koinōnian hē Ioudaiōn plēthys. Symphōnei de tę̄ dianoią kai ta epipheromena.
"Remember us, O Lord, in the favor toward your people; visit us with your salvation." Here he hints at the new people and the Church from the nations, which he counted worthy of salvation; and the multitude of the Jews is taught to seize a share in it. What follows also agrees with this sense.
Ps 106:4 (105:4 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:4: 'your people' is the new people, the Church of the nations, in whose salvation the Jews are taught to seek a share.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): Ἐν ταῦθα → Ἐνταῦθα.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.4 (PG 80 80:1723; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-4
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.5PG 80 80:1723
« Τοῦ ἰδεῖν ἐν τῇ χρηστότητι τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν σου, τοῦ εὐφρανθῆναι ἐν τῇ εὐφροσύνῃ τοῦ ἔθνους σου, τοῦ ἐπαινεῖσθαι μετὰ τῆς κληρονομίας σου. » ᾿Αντιβολοῦμεν, φησὶ, τῆς τοῦ νέου σου ἔθνους μεταλαχεῖν εὐφροσύνης, καὶ κοινωνοὶ γενέσθαι τῆς ἐκείνοις χορηγουμένης χρηστότητος.
« Tou idein en tę̄ chrēstotēti tōn eklektōn sou, tou euphranthēnai en tę̄ euphrosynę̄ tou ethnous sou, tou epaineisthai meta tēs klēronomias sou. » ᾿Antiboloumen, phēsi, tēs tou neou sou ethnous metalachein euphrosynēs, kai koinōnoi genesthai tēs ekeinois chorēgoumenēs chrēstotētos.
"To see the goodness of your chosen ones, to rejoice in the gladness of your nation, to glory with your inheritance." "We plead," he says, "to share the gladness of your new nation and to become partners in the goodness supplied to them."
Ps 106:5 (105:5 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:5: the speakers ask to share the joy of God's new nation.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent): ἔθνούς → ἔθνους.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.5 (PG 80 80:1723; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-5
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.6PG 80 80:1723
« Ἡμάρτομεν μετὰ τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν· ἡνομήσαμεν, ἠδικήσαμεν. » Ὥσπερ γάρ τινα, φησί, κλῆρον, παρὰ τῶν πατέρων διεδεξάμεθα τὴν τῶν σῶν νόμων παράβασιν· πατέρας δὲ καλεῖ, οὐ τοὺς ἁγίους πατριάρχας, ἀλλὰ τοὺς μετ' ἐκείνους γενομένους. Τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τῶν ἐπαγομένων ἐδήλωσεν.
« Hēmartomen meta tōn paterōn hēmōn; hēnomēsamen, ēdikēsamen. » Hōsper gar tina, phēsi, klēron, para tōn paterōn diedexametha tēn tōn sōn nomōn parabasin; pateras de kalei, ou tous hagious patriarchas, alla tous met' ekeinous genomenous. Touto gar dia tōn epagomenōn edēlōsen.
"We have sinned with our fathers; we have done lawlessly, we have done wrong." "We received from our fathers," he says, "the transgression of your laws as a kind of inheritance." By "fathers" he means not the holy patriarchs but those who came after them. He showed this by what follows.
Ps 106:6 (105:6 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:6: the people inherited sin from their fathers, meaning the generations after the patriarchs.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.6 (PG 80 80:1723; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-6
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.7PG 80 80:1723
« Οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ οὐ συνῆκαν θαυμάσιά σου, καὶ οὐκ ἐμνήσθησαν τοῦ πλήθους τοῦ ἐλέους σου. » Τοσούτων γὰρ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ δι' αὐτοὺς γεγενημένων θαυμάτων, συνιδεῖν τὴν σὴν οὐκ ἐθέλησαν δύναμιν. « Καὶ παρεπίκραναν ἀναβαίνοντες ἐν τῇ Ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ. » Θεασάμενοι γὰρ τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους διώκοντας, καὶ τὴν θάλασσαν ἐπέχουσαν τὴν φυγὴν, τὴν ἐπικουρίαν προσμεῖναι τὴν σὴν οὐκ ἐθέλησαν ἀλλὰ τοῦ μεγάλου Μωσοῦ κατεβόων, λέγοντες· « Παρὰ τὸ μὴ εἶναι μνήματα ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ, ἐξήγαγες ἡμᾶς ἀποκτεῖναι ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ταύτῃ. » Ἀλλ᾿ ὅμως καὶ ἀγνώμονας φανέντας σωτηρίας ἠξίωσας. Τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγεν
« Hoi pateres hēmōn en Aigyptǭ ou synēkan thaumasia sou, kai ouk emnēsthēsan tou plēthous tou eleous sou. » Tosoutōn gar en Aigyptǭ di' autous gegenēmenōn thaumatōn, synidein tēn sēn ouk ethelēsan dynamin. « Kai parepikranan anabainontes en tę̄ Erythrą thalassę̄. » Theasamenoi gar tous Aigyptious diōkontas, kai tēn thalassan epechousan tēn phygēn, tēn epikourian prosmeinai tēn sēn ouk ethelēsan alla tou megalou Mōsou kateboōn, legontes; « Para to mē einai mnēmata en Aigyptǭ, exēgages hēmas apokteinai en tę̄ erēmǭ tautę̄. » All᾿ homōs kai agnōmonas phanentas sōtērias ēxiōsas. Touto gar epēgagen
"Our fathers in Egypt did not understand your wonders, and they did not remember the abundance of your mercy." For though so many wonders had been done in Egypt for their sake, they would not perceive your power. "And they provoked you as they went up at the Red Sea." For seeing the Egyptians pursuing and the sea blocking their flight, they would not wait for your help, but cried out against the great Moses, saying: "Because there were no graves in Egypt, you have brought us out to kill us in this wilderness." Yet even though they showed themselves unfeeling, you counted them worthy of salvation. For he added this:
Ps 106:7 (105:7 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 14:11 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:7: at the Red Sea the Israelites forgot God's wonders and blamed Moses, yet God saved them.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letters): ἐπο έχουσαν → ἐπέχουσαν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.7 (PG 80 80:1723; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-7
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.8PG 80 80:1723
« Καὶ ἔσωσεν αὐτοὺς ἕνεκεν τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ, τοῦ γνωρίσαι τὴν δυναστείαν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐπετίμησε τῇ Ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ, καὶ ἐξηράνθη· καὶ ὠδήγησεν αὐτοὺς ἐν ἀβύσσῳ, ὡς ἐν ἐρήμῳ. Καὶ ἔσωσεν αὐτοὺς ἐκ χειρὸς μισοῦντος, καὶ ἐλυτρώσατο αὐτοὺς ἐκ χειρὸς ἐχθροῦ. • Λόγῳ γὰρ τῆς θαλάσσης τὸν πυθμένα γυμνώσας, τὴν πολλὴν ἐκείνην ἄβυσσον ἱππήλατον αὐτοῖς ἀπέφηνεν ἔρημον. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐν ταῖς ἐρήμοις πολλὴ τοῖς τρέχουσιν εὐκολία, μήτε φυτῶν ὄντων, μήτε φραγμῶν κωλυόντων, τὴν τῆς διαβάσεως εὐκολίαν δεδήλωκε τῇ τῆς ἐρήμου παραβολῇ.
« Kai esōsen autous heneken tou onomatos autou, tou gnōrisai tēn dynasteian autou. Kai epetimēse tę̄ Erythrą thalassę̄, kai exēranthē; kai ōdēgēsen autous en abyssǭ, hōs en erēmǭ. Kai esōsen autous ek cheiros misountos, kai elytrōsato autous ek cheiros echthrou. • Logǭ gar tēs thalassēs ton pythmena gymnōsas, tēn pollēn ekeinēn abysson hippēlaton autois apephēnen erēmon. Epeidē gar en tais erēmois pollē tois trechousin eukolia, mēte phytōn ontōn, mēte phragmōn kōlyontōn, tēn tēs diabaseōs eukolian dedēlōke tę̄ tēs erēmou parabolę̄.
"And he saved them for his name's sake, to make known his might. And he rebuked the Red Sea, and it was dried up; and he led them through the deep as through a wilderness. And he saved them from the hand of the one who hated them, and redeemed them from the hand of the enemy." For by a word he laid bare the bottom of the sea and made that great deep a desert fit for horses. Since in deserts runners find great ease, with no plants or fences to hinder them, he showed the ease of the crossing by comparing it to a desert.
Ps 106:8 (105:8 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:9 (105:9 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:10 (105:10 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 14:21 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:8–10: God dried up the sea and led Israel through it as easily as across open desert.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR letters): εύχολία → εὐκολία.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.8 (PG 80 80:1723; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-8
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.11PG 80 80:1725
« Ἐκάλυψεν ὕδωρ τοὺς θλίβοντας αὐτοὺς, εἷς ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐχ ὑπελείφθη. » Πάντας γὰρ τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ὑποβρυχίους πεποίηκε · καὶ ἡ αὐτὴ θάλασσα Ἑβραίοις μὲν σωτηρίαν, Αἰγυπτίοις δὲ τιμωρίαν ἐπήγαγε.
« Ekalypsen hydōr tous thlibontas autous, heis ex autōn ouch hypeleiphthē. » Pantas gar tous Aigyptious hypobrychious pepoiēke ; kai hē autē thalassa Hebraiois men sōtērian, Aigyptiois de timōrian epēgage.
"The water covered those who afflicted them; not one of them was left." For he sank all the Egyptians beneath the water; and the same sea brought salvation to the Hebrews and punishment to the Egyptians.
Ps 106:11 (105:11 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 14:28 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:11: the same sea saved Israel and drowned the Egyptians.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent): Αίγυπτίους → Αἰγυπτίους.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.11 (PG 80 80:1725; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-11
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.12PG 80 80:1725
« Καὶ ἐπίστευσαν τῷ λόγῳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἦσαν τὴν αἴνεσιν αὐτοῦ. » Τῶν γὰρ ἀνδρῶν ὑμνούντων Μωσῆς ὁ μέγας ἡγεῖτο, τοῦ δὲ χοροῦ τῶν γυναικῶν Μαριάμ ἡ προφῆτις. ᾿Ανάγραπτος δὲ καὶ ἡ ᾠδή.
« Kai episteusan tǭ logǭ autou, kai ēsan tēn ainesin autou. » Tōn gar andrōn hymnountōn Mōsēs ho megas hēgeito, tou de chorou tōn gynaikōn Mariam hē prophētis. ᾿Anagraptos de kai hē ǭdē.
"And they believed his word and sang his praise." The great Moses led the men in their hymn, and Miriam the prophetess the chorus of the women. The song is also recorded in writing.
Ps 106:12 (105:12 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 15:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 15:20 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:12: after the crossing Moses and Miriam led Israel's song of praise.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.12 (PG 80 80:1725; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-12
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.13PG 80 80:1725
« Ἐτάχυναν, ἐπελάθοντο τῶν ἔργων αὐτοῦ, οὐχ ὑπέμειναν τὴν βουλὴν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐπεθύμησαν ἐπιθυμίαν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, καὶ ἐπείρασαν τὸν Θεὸν ἐν ἀνύδρῳ. » Τοσαῦτα γὰρ ἔχοντες καὶ τοιαῦτα ἐχέγγυα τῆς θείας δυνάμεως, οὐκ ἤτησαν τὴν χρείαν λαβεῖν, οὐδὲ τὴν θείαν προσέμειναν δωρεάν, ἀλλ' εὐθὺς λοιδορίαις κατὰ τῶν θείων ἐχρήσαντο θεραπόντων.
« Etachynan, epelathonto tōn ergōn autou, ouch hypemeinan tēn boulēn autou. Kai epethymēsan epithymian en tę̄ erēmǭ, kai epeirasan ton Theon en anydrǭ. » Tosauta gar echontes kai toiauta echengya tēs theias dynameōs, ouk ētēsan tēn chreian labein, oude tēn theian prosemeinan dōrean, all' euthys loidoriais kata tōn theiōn echrēsanto therapontōn.
"They hastened, they forgot his works; they did not wait for his counsel. And they craved with craving in the wilderness and tempted God in the waterless place." For though they had so many and such great pledges of the divine power, they did not ask to receive what they needed or wait for the divine gift, but at once used abuse against the divine servants.
Ps 106:13 (105:13 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:14 (105:14 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 11:4 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 17:2 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:13–14: in the wilderness Israel quickly forgot God's works and, instead of asking, reviled his servants.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.13 (PG 80 80:1725; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-13
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.15PG 80 80:1725
« Καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς τὸ αἴτημα αὐτῶν, ἐξαπέστειλε πλησμονὴν εἰς τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν. › Αἴτημα τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἐκάλεσεν· οὐ γὰρ ᾔτησαν, ἀλλὰ κατελάλησαν · δέδωκε δὲ ὅμως αὐτοῖς καὶ κρεῶν ἀφθονίαν, καὶ ἄρτον ἀχειροποίητον, καὶ ὕδωρ ἥδιστόν τε καὶ ἄφθονον.
« Kai edōken autois to aitēma autōn, exapesteile plēsmonēn eis tas psychas autōn. › Aitēma tēn epithymian ekalesen; ou gar ę̄tēsan, alla katelalēsan ; dedōke de homōs autois kai kreōn aphthonian, kai arton acheiropoiēton, kai hydōr hēdiston te kai aphthonon.
"And he gave them their request; he sent fullness into their souls." He called their craving a "request"; for they did not ask, but spoke against him. Yet he gave them an abundance of meat, bread not made by hands, and water both very sweet and abundant.
Ps 106:15 (105:15 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 11:31 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:15: though they grumbled rather than asked, God gave them meat, manna, and water.
- The first word of the comment, Αἴτημα ('request'), is damaged in the scan.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (first letters lost (OCR); stray mark (OCR)): › τημα τὴν → › Αἴτημα τὴν; ᾔτησαν, & ἀλλὰ → ᾔτησαν, ἀλλὰ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.15 (PG 80 80:1725; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-15). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-15
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.16PG 80 80:1725
« Καὶ παρώργισαν τὸν Μωσῆν ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ, τὸν ᾿Ααρὼν τὸν ἅγιον Κυρίου. » Κορὲ μὲν γὰρ, καὶ ἡ τούτου συμμορία, ἐπειράθησαν τὴν ἱερωσύνην ἀρπάσαι . Δαθὰν δὲ καὶ ᾿Αβειρὼν ἑτέραν ἐμελέτησαν τυραννίδα.
« Kai parōrgisan ton Mōsēn en tę̄ parembolę̄, ton ᾿Aarōn ton hagion Kyriou. » Kore men gar, kai hē toutou symmoria, epeirathēsan tēn hierōsynēn arpasai . Dathan de kai ᾿Abeirōn heteran emeletēsan tyrannida.
"And they angered Moses in the camp, and Aaron the holy one of the Lord." Korah and his company tried to seize the priesthood, and Dathan and Abiram planned another usurpation.
Ps 106:16 (105:16 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 16:1 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:16: Korah sought the priesthood and Dathan and Abiram rebelled against Moses.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.16 (PG 80 80:1725; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-16
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.17PG 80 80:1725
« Ἠνοίχθη ἡ γῆ καὶ κατέπιε Δαθάν, καὶ ἐκάλυψεν ἐπὶ τὴν συναγωγὴν ᾿Αβειρών. Καὶ ἐξεκαύθη πῦρ ἐν τῇ συναγωγῇ αὐτῶν, φλὸξ κατέφλεξεν ἁμαρτωλούς. • Δαθὰν μὲν καὶ Ἀβειρὼν μετά πάσης τῆς πατριᾶς κατεποντίσθησαν· Κορὲ δὲ, καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ, θεηλάτῳ πυρὶ κατεφλέχθησαν. Τὰς δὲ τιμωρίας ἐπήγαγεν ὁ Θεὸς, τοὺς ἄλλους σωφρονεῖν ἀναγκάζων· οὐδεμίαν δὲ λαβεῖν ἐντεῦθεν ὄνησιν ἐβουλήθησαν· καὶ τοῦτο δηλοῖ ἡ τῶν τετολμημένων ἐξήγησις.
« Ēnoichthē hē gē kai katepie Dathan, kai ekalypsen epi tēn synagōgēn ᾿Abeirōn. Kai exekauthē pyr en tę̄ synagōgę̄ autōn, phlox katephlexen hamartōlous. • Dathan men kai Abeirōn meta pasēs tēs patrias katepontisthēsan; Kore de, kai hoi syn autǭ, theēlatǭ pyri katephlechthēsan. Tas de timōrias epēgagen ho Theos, tous allous sōphronein anankazōn; oudemian de labein enteuthen onēsin eboulēthēsan; kai touto dēloi hē tōn tetolmēmenōn exēgēsis.
"The earth opened and swallowed Dathan and covered the company of Abiram. And a fire was kindled in their company; a flame burned up the sinners." Dathan and Abiram were swallowed up with their whole household, while Korah and those with him were burned up by fire sent from God. God brought these punishments to compel the others to be prudent; but they would gain no benefit from them, as the account of their deeds shows.
Ps 106:17 (105:17 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:18 (105:18 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 16:31 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 16:35 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:17–18: the earth swallowed Dathan and Abiram and fire burned Korah's company, but the people did not learn.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark (OCR)): κατεποντίσθησαν - Κορὲ → κατεποντίσθησαν· Κορὲ.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.17 (PG 80 80:1725; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-17
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.19PG 80 80:1725
« Καὶ ἐποίησαν μόσχον ἐν Χωρήβ. » Οὐχ ἁπλῶς τοῦ ὅρους ἐμνημόνευσεν, ἀλλὰ τὴν τῆς ἀσεβείας διδάσκων ὑπερβολήν. Ἐν τούτῳ γὰρ ὤφθη τῶν ὅλων ὁ Κύριος· ἐν τούτῳ δείματος αὐτοὺς ἐνέπλησε, μετὰ πλείστου πυρὸς φανεὶς, σάλπιγξι χρώμενος, καὶ κατακτύπων βρονταῖς, καὶ μετὰ τοσούτου δέους τὴν νομοθεσίαν προσφέρων. Ἐν τούτῳ τετολμήκασι τὴν ἀσέβειαν. - Καὶ προσεκύνησαν τῷ γλυπτῷ. › Ἑτέρας καὶ τοῦτο παραπληξίας κατηγορία · ὃ γὰρ ἑώρων διὰ τέχνης ἀνθρωπίνης τὸ εἶδος δεξάμενον, τούτῳ τὸ σέβας τὸ θεῖον προσήνεγκαν.
« Kai epoiēsan moschon en Chōrēb. » Ouch haplōs tou horous emnēmoneusen, alla tēn tēs asebeias didaskōn hyperbolēn. En toutǭ gar ōphthē tōn holōn ho Kyrios; en toutǭ deimatos autous eneplēse, meta pleistou pyros phaneis, salpinxi chrōmenos, kai kataktypōn brontais, kai meta tosoutou deous tēn nomothesian prospherōn. En toutǭ tetolmēkasi tēn asebeian. - Kai prosekynēsan tǭ glyptǭ. › Heteras kai touto paraplēxias katēgoria ; ho gar heōrōn dia technēs anthrōpinēs to eidos dexamenon, toutǭ to sebas to theion prosēnenkan.
"And they made a calf in Horeb." Not without reason did he mention the mountain; he is teaching the excess of their impiety. For on it the Lord of all was seen; on it he filled them with dread, appearing with abundant fire, using trumpets and crashing with thunder, and giving the law with such great fear. On it they dared this impiety. "And they worshiped the carved image." This is the charge of a further madness: to what they saw had received its form through human skill they offered divine reverence.
Ps 106:19 (105:19 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 32:4 (allusion, high confidence) · Exod 19:16 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:19: Israel made the calf at the very mountain where God had appeared in fire and given the law.
- A displaced fragment at the end of this section in the scan belongs to the comment on verse 20 and is moved there.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (fragment displaced by the OCR from the comment on verse 20 (105.20)): προσήνεγκαν. " χόρτος. Τοῦ δὲ μόσχου, οὗ ἄλογος ἡ φύσις, καὶ ὁ → προσήνεγκαν..
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.19 (PG 80 80:1725; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-19
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.20PG 80 80:1727
« Καὶ ἠλλάξαντο τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ ἐν ὁμοιώματι μόσχου ἐσθίοντος χόρτον. » Σφόδρα αὐτῶν ἁρμοδίως τὴν ἄνοιαν ἐτραγῴδησεν. ᾿Αντὶ γὰρ τοῦ τοσαῦτα θαυματουργήσαντος, καὶ τὴν παράδοξον ἐκείνην σωτηρίαν χαρισαμένου, καὶ τοσαῦτα ἐνεργεῖν δυναμένου, εἰκόνα τετιμήκασι μόσχου, ἧς τὸ ἀρχέτυπον τροφῆς ἐνδεές· τροφὴ καὶ τῷ μόσχῳ, οὐκ ἄρτος, ὁ τοῖς λογικοῖς προσφερόμενος, ἀλλὰ πόα καὶ χόρτος. Τοῦ δὲ μόσχου, οὗ ἄλογος ἡ φύσις, καὶ ἡ δουλεία δεδωρημένη ἀνθρώποις, ἡ εἰκὼν εὐτελεστέρα πολλῷ. Οὐ γὰρ μόνον ἄλογος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄψυχος, οὐκ ἐνεργεῖν, οὐ μυκᾶσθαι, οὐκ ἐσθίειν ἰσχύουσα· ἀλλὰ ὅμως ἀδρανῆ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων προτετιμήκασιν.
« Kai ēllaxanto tēn doxan autou en homoiōmati moschou esthiontos chorton. » Sphodra autōn harmodiōs tēn anoian etragǭdēsen. ᾿Anti gar tou tosauta thaumatourgēsantos, kai tēn paradoxon ekeinēn sōtērian charisamenou, kai tosauta energein dynamenou, eikona tetimēkasi moschou, hēs to archetypon trophēs endees; trophē kai tǭ moschǭ, ouk artos, ho tois logikois prospheromenos, alla poa kai chortos. Tou de moschou, hou alogos hē physis, kai hē douleia dedōrēmenē anthrōpois, hē eikōn eutelestera pollǭ. Ou gar monon alogos, alla kai apsychos, ouk energein, ou mykasthai, ouk esthiein ischyousa; alla homōs adranē tou Theou tōn holōn protetimēkasin.
"And they exchanged his glory for the likeness of a calf that eats grass." He very fittingly depicted their folly as a tragedy. For instead of the one who worked so many wonders, granted that extraordinary salvation, and is able to do so much, they honored the image of a calf, whose original needs food; and the calf's food is not bread, which is given to rational beings, but herbage and grass. And the image of the calf, whose nature is irrational and whose service has been given to human beings, is far more worthless. For it is not only irrational but also lifeless, unable to act, to low, or to eat; yet they preferred this powerless thing to the God of all.
Ps 106:20 (105:20 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 1:23 (allusion, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:20: Israel exchanged the wonder-working God for the image of a grass-eating calf, a lifeless copy of an animal made to serve humans.
- The scan has a fragment ('grass. And of the calf, whose nature is irrational, and the') displaced into the previous section; it is restored here where the sentence is broken. The reconstruction of the order is probable, not certain.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (fragment displaced by the OCR into 105.19, restored; stray word removed; stray mark (OCR)): ἀλλὰ πόα καὶ χόρτος τροφὴ, καὶ ἡ δουλεία → ἀλλὰ πόα καὶ χόρτος. Τοῦ δὲ μόσχου, οὗ ἄλογος ἡ φύσις, καὶ ἡ δουλεία; οὐκ -ἄρτος → οὐκ ἄρτος.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.20 (PG 80 80:1727; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-20
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.21PG 80 80:1727
« Καὶ ἐπελάθοντο τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ σώζοντος αὐτοὺς, τοῦ ποιήσαντος μεγάλα ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ. Θαυμάσια ἐν γῇ Χάμ, φοβερὰ ἐπὶ θαλάσσης Ἐρυθρᾶς. » Οὔτε γὰρ τῆς οἰκείας ἐμνημόνευσαν σωτηρίας, οὔτε τῆς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων τιμωρίας, οὔτε τοῦ μεγάλου τῆς θαλάττης θαύματος, ἀλλὰ πάντα ἀθρόως ἀπέπτυσαν.
« Kai epelathonto tou Theou tou sōzontos autous, tou poiēsantos megala en Aigyptǭ. Thaumasia en gę̄ Cham, phobera epi thalassēs Erythras. » Oute gar tēs oikeias emnēmoneusan sōtērias, oute tēs tōn Aigyptiōn timōrias, oute tou megalou tēs thalattēs thaumatos, alla panta athroōs apeptysan.
"And they forgot God who saved them, who did great things in Egypt, wonders in the land of Ham, fearful things at the Red Sea." They remembered neither their own salvation, nor the punishment of the Egyptians, nor the great wonder at the sea, but spurned everything at once.
Ps 106:21 (105:21 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:22 (105:22 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:21–22: Israel forgot all of God's saving deeds in Egypt and at the sea.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): σώζον τος → σώζοντος.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.21 (PG 80 80:1727; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-21
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.23PG 80 80:1727
« Καὶ εἶπε τοῦ ἐξολοθρεῦσαι αὐτοὺς, εἰ μὴ Μωσῆς ὁ ἐκλεκτὸς αὐτοῦ ἔστη ἐν τῇ θραύσει ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ, τοῦ ἀποστρέψαι τὸν θυμὸν αὐτοῦ τοῦ μὴ ἐξολοθρεῦσαι αὐτοὺς. › Τοῦ γὰρ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων εἰρηκότος, « Εασόν με, καὶ θυμωθεὶς ὀργῇ ἐκτρίψω αὐτοὺς, καὶ ποιήσω σε εἰς ἔθνος μέγα · · εἶπεν ὁ μακάριος Μωσῆς, « Εἰ μὲν ἀφεῖς αὐτοῖς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν, ἄφες· εἰ δὲ μὴ, ἐξάλειψόν με ἐκ τῆς βίβλου ἧς ἔγραψας.»
« Kai eipe tou exolothreusai autous, ei mē Mōsēs ho eklektos autou estē en tę̄ thrausei enōpion autou, tou apostrepsai ton thymon autou tou mē exolothreusai autous. › Tou gar Theou tōn holōn eirēkotos, « Eason me, kai thymōtheis orgę̄ ektripsō autous, kai poiēsō se eis ethnos mega ; ; eipen ho makarios Mōsēs, « Ei men apheis autois tēn hamartian, aphes; ei de mē, exaleipson me ek tēs biblou hēs egrapsas.»
"And he said he would destroy them, had not Moses his chosen one stood in the breach before him, to turn away his wrath so that he would not destroy them." For when the God of all said, "Let me alone, and in my wrath I will crush them, and I will make you a great nation," the blessed Moses said, "If you will forgive them their sin, forgive; but if not, blot me out of the book that you have written."
Ps 106:23 (105:23 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 32:10 (quotation, high confidence) · Exod 32:32 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:23: Moses' intercession after the calf turned away God's wrath.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.23 (PG 80 80:1727; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-23
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.24PG 80 80:1727
« Καὶ ἐξουδένωσαν γῆν ἐπιθυμητὴν, οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν τῷ λόγῳ αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐγόγγυσαν ἐν τοῖς σκηνώμασιν αὐτῶν, οὐκ εἰσήκουσαν τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου.» Ἑτέρας ἀπειθείας ἀναμιμνήσκει· τοῦ γὰρ Θεοῦ παρεγγυήσαντος τῆς ἐπηγγελμένης ἐπιβῆναι γῆς, τῆς δειλίας τὸ πάθος δεξάμενοι, ἀντέτεινον προφανῶς, τοὺς μὲν Χαναναίους γενναίους εἶναι λέγοντες, σφᾶς δὲ αὐτοὺς δύναμιν ἀξιόχρεων οὐκ ἔχειν πρὸς τὴν ἐκείνων παράταξιν. Τοῦτο δὲ ἀπιστίας προφανῶς τεκμήριον· τοὺς γὰρ τοσούτων καὶ τοιούτων θαυμάτων αὐτόπτας θαῤῥεῖν εἰς πάντα δίκαιον ἦν τῇ τοῦ σεσωκότος δυνάμει.
« Kai exoudenōsan gēn epithymētēn, ouk episteusan tǭ logǭ autou. Kai egongysan en tois skēnōmasin autōn, ouk eisēkousan tēs phōnēs Kyriou.» Heteras apeitheias anamimnēskei; tou gar Theou parengyēsantos tēs epēngelmenēs epibēnai gēs, tēs deilias to pathos dexamenoi, anteteinon prophanōs, tous men Chananaious gennaious einai legontes, sphas de autous dynamin axiochreōn ouk echein pros tēn ekeinōn parataxin. Touto de apistias prophanōs tekmērion; tous gar tosoutōn kai toioutōn thaumatōn autoptas tharrhein eis panta dikaion ēn tę̄ tou sesōkotos dynamei.
"And they despised the desirable land; they did not believe his word. And they murmured in their tents; they did not listen to the voice of the Lord." He recalls another disobedience. When God urged them to enter the promised land, they gave way to cowardice and openly resisted, saying that the Canaanites were mighty and that they themselves had no strength equal to their battle line. This was a plain proof of unbelief; for it was right that eyewitnesses of so many and such great wonders should trust in everything to the power of the one who had saved them.
Ps 106:24 (105:24 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:25 (105:25 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 13:31 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 14:2 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:24–25: Israel refused to enter Canaan from fear, a plain sign of unbelief after so many wonders.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR)): δί καιον → δίκαιον.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.24 (PG 80 80:1727; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-24). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-24
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.26PG 80 80:1729
« Καὶ ἐπῆρε τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ ἐπ᾿ αὐτοὺς, τοῦ καταβαλεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ. Καὶ τοῦ καταβαλεῖν τὸ σπέρμα αὐτῶν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι, καὶ διασκορπίσαι αὐτοὺς ἐν ταῖς χώραις.» Ἐβουλήθη δὲ τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ κατάλληλον ἐπιθεῖναι τὴν τιμωρίαν, καὶ πᾶσι κατὰ ταυτὸν ἐπενεγκεῖν τὸν ὅλεθρον , ἀλλ' ὅμως τῇ συνήθει φιλανθρωπία χρώμενος, μερικὴν αὐτοῖς ἐπήγαγε κόλασιν.
« Kai epēre tēn cheira autou ep᾿ autous, tou katabalein autous en tę̄ erēmǭ. Kai tou katabalein to sperma autōn en tois ethnesi, kai diaskorpisai autous en tais chōrais.» Eboulēthē de tę̄ apistią katallēlon epitheinai tēn timōrian, kai pasi kata tauton epenenkein ton holethron , all' homōs tę̄ synēthei philanthrōpia chrōmenos, merikēn autois epēgage kolasin.
"And he lifted up his hand against them, to overthrow them in the wilderness, and to overthrow their seed among the nations and scatter them in the lands." He wished to impose a punishment proportioned to their unbelief and to bring destruction on all at once; yet, showing his usual love for humankind, he brought a partial punishment on them.
Ps 106:26 (105:26 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:27 (105:27 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 14:29 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:26–27: God wished to destroy the unbelieving people but punished them only in part.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing; split word (OCR)): διασκορ πίσαι → διασκορπίσαι; Ἑβουλήθη → Ἐβουλήθη.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.26 (PG 80 80:1729; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-26). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-26
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.28PG 80 80:1729
« Καὶ ἐτελέσθησαν τῷ Βεελφεγώρ· καὶ ἔφαγον θυσίας νεκρῶν. Καὶ παρώξυναν αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ἐπιτηδεύμασιν αὐτῶν. • Εἰς ἀκολασίαν ἐξωκείλαντες πάλιν, καὶ ταῖς τῶν Μωαβιτῶν μιγνύμενοι γυναιξί, μετέμαθον τὴν ἐκείνων ἀσέβειαν. Βεελφεγὼρ δὲ ἐστιν εἴδωλον παρ' ἐκείνοις τιμώμενον. καὶ Φεγὼρ μὲν ἐκαλεῖτο τοῦ εἰδώλου ὁ τόπος, Βάαλ δὲ τὸ εἴδωλον. Τοῦτον δὲ φασι Κρόνον καλεῖσθαι τῇ Ἑλλάδι φωνῇ. Θυσίας δὲ νεκρῶν καλεῖ τὰς καλουμένας παρ' Ἕλλησι χοὰς, ἃς τοῖς νεκροῖς προσφέρειν εἰώθασι· καὶ αὐτοὺς δὲ τοὺς καλουμένους θεοὺς νεκροὺς οὐκ ἄν τις ἁμάρτοι προσαγορεύσας. • Καὶ ἐπληθύνθη ἐν αὐτοῖς ἡ πτῶσις. » Πάλιν γὰρ ἕτερον αὐτοῖς ἐπήγαγε θάνατον.
« Kai etelesthēsan tǭ Beelphegōr; kai ephagon thysias nekrōn. Kai parōxynan auton en tois epitēdeumasin autōn. • Eis akolasian exōkeilantes palin, kai tais tōn Mōabitōn mignymenoi gynaixi, metemathon tēn ekeinōn asebeian. Beelphegōr de estin eidōlon par' ekeinois timōmenon. kai Phegōr men ekaleito tou eidōlou ho topos, Baal de to eidōlon. Touton de phasi Kronon kaleisthai tę̄ Helladi phōnę̄. Thysias de nekrōn kalei tas kaloumenas par' Hellēsi choas, has tois nekrois prospherein eiōthasi; kai autous de tous kaloumenous theous nekrous ouk an tis hamartoi prosagoreusas. • Kai eplēthynthē en autois hē ptōsis. » Palin gar heteron autois epēgage thanaton.
"And they were initiated into Baal of Peor and ate sacrifices of the dead. And they provoked him with their practices." Running aground again on licentiousness and mingling with the Moabite women, they learned their impiety. Baal-peor is an idol honored among them: Peor was the name of the idol's place, Baal of the idol. They say that in the Greek tongue he is called Kronos. By "sacrifices of the dead" he means what the Greeks call libations, which they are accustomed to offer to the dead; and one would not go wrong in calling the so-called gods themselves dead. "And the fall was multiplied among them." For again he brought another death upon them.
Ps 106:28 (105:28 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:29 (105:29 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 25:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 25:3 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 25:9 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:28–29: Israel joined the Moabite women in worshiping Baal of Peor and was punished; 'sacrifices of the dead' are libations to the dead or to the lifeless gods.
- The identification of Baal with Kronos is reported by Theodoret as hearsay ('they say').
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (split word (OCR); stray letters (OCR)): και λουμένας → καλουμένας; Καὶ δὲ ἐπληθύνθη σε ἐν → Καὶ ἐπληθύνθη ἐν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.28 (PG 80 80:1729; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-28). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-28
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.30PG 80 80:1729
Καὶ ἔστη Φινεές, καὶ ἐξιλάσατο, καὶ ἐκόπασεν ἡ θραῦσις. Καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην, εἰς γενεὰν καὶ γενεὰν ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος. • Την θραῦσιν ὁ Σύμμαχος πληγὴν εἴρηκε. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τοῦτο ἡ ἱστορία· τὸν γὰρ Ζαμβρὴν μιχθῆναι τῇ Μαδιανίτιδί τινι προφανῶς ἀνασχόμενον δόρατι χρησάμενος συνανεῖλε τῇ γυναικί. Τὸν τούτου ζῆλον ἀποδεξάμενος ὁ Θεὸς, αὐτὸν μὲν ἀνεκήρυξε, τὴν δὲ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐπαγομένην τιμωρίαν ἐκώλυσεν.
Kai estē Phinees, kai exilasato, kai ekopasen hē thrausis. Kai elogisthē autǭ eis dikaiosynēn, eis genean kai genean heōs tou aiōnos. • Tēn thrausin ho Symmachos plēgēn eirēke. Didaskei de kai touto hē historia; ton gar Zambrēn michthēnai tę̄ Madianitidi tini prophanōs anaschomenon dorati chrēsamenos synaneile tę̄ gynaiki. Ton toutou zēlon apodexamenos ho Theos, auton men anekēryxe, tēn de tois allois epagomenēn timōrian ekōlysen.
"And Phinehas stood up and made atonement, and the plague ceased. And it was reckoned to him as righteousness, from generation to generation for ever." For "plague" (literally "breaking") Symmachus said "blow." The history also teaches this: for when Zimri dared openly to lie with a Midianite woman, he used his spear and killed him together with the woman. God, accepting his zeal, proclaimed him and stopped the punishment being brought on the others.
Ps 106:30 (105:30 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:31 (105:31 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 25:7 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 25:8 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 25:14 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:30–31: Phinehas' zeal in killing Zimri and the Midianite woman stopped the plague and was counted to him as righteousness.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.30 (PG 80 80:1729; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-30). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-30
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.32PG 80 80:1729
• Καὶ παρώργισαν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ ὕδατος ἀντιλογίας, καὶ ἐκακώθη Μωσῆς δι' αὐτούς. Ὅτι παρεπίκραναν τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ, καὶ διέστειλεν ἐν τοῖς χείλεσιν αὐτοῦ. » Πενθοῦντι γὰρ, τὴν ἀδελφὴν προσελθόντες, μετὰ πολλῆς ἀταξίας τὴν χρείαν ἐξῄτησαν. Ὁ δὲ καὶ τῇ ἀθυμίᾳ τοῦ πένθους βαλλόμενος, καὶ τούτων ἀκρασίαν θεώμενος, θυμῷ καὶ λύπῃ περισχεθεὶς, οὐ μετὰ τῆς συνήθους ἁρμονίας τῷ θείῳ προστάγματι διηκόνησεν· ἀλλ᾿ ἀμφιβολίαν τινὰ τοῖς λόγοις ἀναμίξας, τὴν πέτραν ἐπάταξε, καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ ἐξήγαγε. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὸ « Διέστειλεν ἐν τοῖς χείλεσιν αὐτοῦ, » ἀντὶ τοῦ, οὐκ ἀναμφιβόλως λόγοις ἐχρήσατο. Εἶπε γάρ· « Φησὶ Μωσῆς πρὸς αὐτοὺς, Μὴ ἐκ τῆς πέτρας ταύτης ἐξάξω ὑμῖν ὕδωρ;» Τούτου χάριν ἀγανακτήσας δῆθεν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς, οὐδ᾽ αὐτῷ τὴν τοῖς πατράσιν ἐπηγγελμένην ἀπέδωκε γῆν· ἀλλὰ τὸν μὲν ἐκέλευσε δέξασθαι τοῦ βίου τὸ τέλος· δι' Ἰησοῦ δὲ τοῦ Ναυῆ πεπλήρωκε τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν. Καὶ δοκεῖ μὲν ταύτην αὐτῷ τιμωρίαν ἐπιτεθεικέναι τῶν ὅλων ὁ πρύτανις· ἕτερα δὲ οἰκονομῶν ἐπραγματεύσατο τοῦτο. Πρῶτον μὲν γὰρ, τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐπιστάμενος ἄνοιαν, οὐκ εἴασε δι᾿ αὐτοῦ πᾶσαν τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν πέρας λαβεῖν, ἵνα μὴ αὐτὸν θεὸν ὑπολάβωσιν. Οἱ γὰρ εἰκόνα μόσχου θεοποιήσαντες, ποῖον οὐκ ἂν προσήνεγκαν σέβας τῷ τοσούτων θαυμάτων ὑπουργῷ γενομένῳ; Διά τοι τοῦτο καὶ τὸν τάφον αὐτοῦ λαθεῖν πεποίηκεν ὁ Θεός· πρὸς δὲ τοῦτο, καὶ τῆς νομοθεσίας ἠβουλήθη δεῖξαι τὸ πρόσκαιρον ἀπὸ τῶν αὐτῷ τῷ νομοθέτῃ συμβάντων. Εἰ γὰρ ὁ νομοθέτης τῆς ἐπηγγελμένης οὐκ ἀπήλαυσε γῆς, συνιδεῖν ἐντεῦθεν ῥάδιον, ὡς οὐδὲ αὐτοὶ ταύτης ἀπολαύσωσιν ἐπὶ πλεῖστον τῆς προμηθείας. Οὕτω τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἔρημον διηγησάμενος, τὴν ἐν τῇ γῇ τῆς ἐπαγγελίας γεγενημένην αὐτῶν ἐλέγχει παρανομίαν.
• Kai parōrgisan auton epi hydatos antilogias, kai ekakōthē Mōsēs di' autous. Hoti parepikranan to pneuma autou, kai diesteilen en tois cheilesin autou. » Penthounti gar, tēn adelphēn proselthontes, meta pollēs ataxias tēn chreian exę̄tēsan. Ho de kai tę̄ athymią tou penthous ballomenos, kai toutōn akrasian theōmenos, thymǭ kai lypę̄ perischetheis, ou meta tēs synēthous harmonias tǭ theiǭ prostagmati diēkonēsen; all᾿ amphibolian tina tois logois anamixas, tēn petran epataxe, kai to hydōr exēgage. Touto gar dēloi to « Diesteilen en tois cheilesin autou, » anti tou, ouk anamphibolōs logois echrēsato. Eipe gar; « Phēsi Mōsēs pros autous, Mē ek tēs petras tautēs exaxō hymin hydōr?» Toutou charin aganaktēsas dēthen ho tōn holōn Theos, oud᾽ autǭ tēn tois patrasin epēngelmenēn apedōke gēn; alla ton men ekeleuse dexasthai tou biou to telos; di' Iēsou de tou Nauē peplērōke tēn hyposchesin. Kai dokei men tautēn autǭ timōrian epitetheikenai tōn holōn ho prytanis; hetera de oikonomōn epragmateusato touto. Prōton men gar, tōn Ioudaiōn epistamenos anoian, ouk eiase di᾿ autou pasan tēn hyposchesin peras labein, hina mē auton theon hypolabōsin. Hoi gar eikona moschou theopoiēsantes, poion ouk an prosēnenkan sebas tǭ tosoutōn thaumatōn hypourgǭ genomenǭ? Dia toi touto kai ton taphon autou lathein pepoiēken ho Theos; pros de touto, kai tēs nomothesias ēboulēthē deixai to proskairon apo tōn autǭ tǭ nomothetę̄ symbantōn. Ei gar ho nomothetēs tēs epēngelmenēs ouk apēlause gēs, synidein enteuthen rhadion, hōs oude autoi tautēs apolausōsin epi pleiston tēs promētheias. Houtō ta kata tēn erēmon diēgēsamenos, tēn en tę̄ gę̄ tēs epangelias gegenēmenēn autōn elenchei paranomian.
"And they angered him at the water of contradiction, and Moses suffered because of them. For they embittered his spirit, and he spoke rashly with his lips." For they came to him while he was mourning his sister and demanded what they needed with great disorder. He, struck by the dejection of mourning and seeing their lack of restraint, was overcome by anger and grief and did not serve the divine command with his usual harmony, but mixing some doubt into his words, struck the rock and brought out the water. This is what "he spoke rashly with his lips" shows, that is, he did not use words free of doubt. For he said: "Moses says to them: Shall I bring water out of this rock for you?" For this reason the God of all, supposedly in indignation, did not give him either the land promised to the fathers, but commanded him to accept the end of his life, and fulfilled the promise through Joshua son of Nun. The Governor of all seems to have imposed this as a punishment on him, but by this dispensation he achieved other ends. First, knowing the folly of the Jews, he did not allow the whole promise to be completed through Moses, lest they suppose him a god. For those who deified the image of a calf, what reverence would they not have offered to the minister of so many wonders? It was for this reason that God also caused his tomb to be hidden. Besides this, he wished to show the temporary character of the legislation from what befell the lawgiver himself. For if the lawgiver did not enjoy the promised land, it is easy to see from this that they too would not enjoy this providence for very long. Having thus recounted the events in the wilderness, he exposes their lawlessness in the land of promise.
Ps 106:32 (105:32 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:33 (105:33 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Num 20:1 (allusion, high confidence) · Num 20:10 (quotation, high confidence) · Num 20:12 (allusion, high confidence) · Deut 34:6 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:32–33: at Meribah Moses, grieving and provoked, spoke with doubt and was barred from the land; God did this so that Israel would not deify him and to show that the law was temporary.
- Theodoret takes 'he spoke rashly' as Moses' doubting question in Num 20:10.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent; split word (OCR); stray letter (OCR)): διέστειλεν σ' ἐν → διέστειλεν ἐν; ἐξᾑτησαν → ἐξῄτησαν; θαυ μάτων → θαυμάτων.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.32 (PG 80 80:1729; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-32). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-32
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.34PG 80 80:1731
«Οὐκ ἐξωλόθρευσαν τὰ ἔθνη, ἃ εἶπε Κύριος αὐτοῖς. Καὶ ἐμίγησαν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι, καὶ ἔμαθον τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν. Καὶ ἐδούλευσαν τοῖς γλυπτοῖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐγενήθη αὐτοῖς εἰς σκάνδαλον. » Τὴν γὰρ ἐπιμιξίαν διὰ τὴν τῆς ἀσεβείας ἐκώλυσε κοινωνίαν, τῇ ἀρχῇ τὸ τέλος συναναιρῶν, καὶ σὺν τῇ ῥίζῃ τὸν καρπὸν ἀφανίζων, καὶ τῷ ἐλάττονι κακῷ τὸ χεῖρον προαναστέλλων. ᾿Αλλ' ὅμως οὗτοι καὶ ἐν τούτῳ τὸν θεῖον παραβαίνοντες νόμον, οὔτε τὰ δυσσεβῆ ἐξωλόθρευσαν ἔθνη, οὔτε τὴν πρὸς αὐτὰ ἔφυγον κοινωνίαν, ἀλλὰ τὴν πονηρὰν αὐτῶν πολιτείαν ἐζήλωσαν.
«Ouk exōlothreusan ta ethnē, ha eipe Kyrios autois. Kai emigēsan en tois ethnesi, kai emathon ta erga autōn. Kai edouleusan tois glyptois autōn, kai egenēthē autois eis skandalon. » Tēn gar epimixian dia tēn tēs asebeias ekōlyse koinōnian, tę̄ archę̄ to telos synanairōn, kai syn tę̄ rhizę̄ ton karpon aphanizōn, kai tǭ elattoni kakǭ to cheiron proanastellōn. ᾿All' homōs houtoi kai en toutǭ ton theion parabainontes nomon, oute ta dyssebē exōlothreusan ethnē, oute tēn pros auta ephygon koinōnian, alla tēn ponēran autōn politeian ezēlōsan.
"They did not destroy the nations, as the Lord told them. And they mingled among the nations and learned their works. And they served their carved images, and it became a stumbling block to them." For he forbade intermingling because of the fellowship in impiety it would bring, removing the end together with the beginning, destroying the fruit with the root, and checking the worse evil beforehand by the lesser. Yet they transgressed the divine law in this too: they neither destroyed the ungodly nations nor avoided fellowship with them, but emulated their wicked way of life.
Ps 106:34 (105:34 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:35 (105:35 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:36 (105:36 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Judg 1:21 (allusion, medium confidence) · Judg 2:2 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:34–36: Israel disobeyed God's command not to mix with the nations and learned their idolatry.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.34 (PG 80 80:1731; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-34). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-34
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.37PG 80 80:1731
« Καὶ ἔθυσαν τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας αὐτῶν τοῖς δαιμονίοις. Καὶ ἐξέχεαν αἷμα ἀθῶον, αἷμα υἱῶν αὐτῶν καὶ θυγατέρων, ὧν ἔθυσαν τοῖς γλυπτοῖς Χαναάν· καὶ ἐφονοκτονήθη ἡ γῆ ἐν τοῖς αἷμασι. Καὶ ἐμιάνθη ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις αὐτῶν. › Τὸν κολοφῶνα τῆς ἀσεβείας τελευταῖον κατέλιπον· ποίαν γὰρ δυσσεβείας ὑπερβολὴν καταλείπει τὸ αἴμασιν υἱῶν καὶ θυγατέρων μολῦναι τὴν γῆν, καὶ τοῖς αἱμοβόροις δαίμοσι τὰς τούτων θυσίας προσενεγκεῖν; Τῷ Θεῷ μὲν γὰρ οὐδὲ τὰ νενομισμένα προσέφερον· τοῖς δὲ εἰδώλοις καὶ τὰς τῶν παίδων σφαγάς. • Καὶ ἐπόρνευσαν ἐν τοῖς ἐπιτηδεύμασιν αὐτῶν. » Πορνείαν ἐνταῦθα οὐ τὴν ἀκολασίαν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν τῶν εἰδώλων λατρείαν καλεῖ. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ τῷ Θεῷ συνημμένοι τὴν ἐκείνων θεραπείαν ἠγάπησαν, τὴν δεισιδαιμονίαν εἰκότως πορνείαν ἐκάλεσεν.
« Kai ethysan tous huious autōn kai tas thygateras autōn tois daimoniois. Kai exechean haima athōon, haima huiōn autōn kai thygaterōn, hōn ethysan tois glyptois Chanaan; kai ephonoktonēthē hē gē en tois haimasi. Kai emianthē en tois ergois autōn. › Ton kolophōna tēs asebeias teleutaion katelipon; poian gar dyssebeias hyperbolēn kataleipei to aimasin huiōn kai thygaterōn molynai tēn gēn, kai tois haimoborois daimosi tas toutōn thysias prosenenkein? Tǭ Theǭ men gar oude ta nenomismena prosepheron; tois de eidōlois kai tas tōn paidōn sphagas. • Kai eporneusan en tois epitēdeumasin autōn. » Porneian entautha ou tēn akolasian monon, alla kai tēn tōn eidōlōn latreian kalei. Epeidē gar tǭ Theǭ synēmmenoi tēn ekeinōn therapeian ēgapēsan, tēn deisidaimonian eikotōs porneian ekalesen.
"And they sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons. And they shed innocent blood, the blood of their sons and daughters, whom they sacrificed to the carved images of Canaan; and the land was polluted with murder in the blood. And it was defiled by their works." They left the crown of impiety for last. For what excess of ungodliness does it leave to defile the land with the blood of sons and daughters and to offer their sacrifice to bloodthirsty demons? To God they did not offer even the prescribed offerings, but to idols even the slaughter of their children. "And they committed fornication in their practices." Here he calls "fornication" not only licentiousness but also the worship of idols. For since, though joined to God, they loved the service of those idols, he fittingly called the superstition "fornication."
Ps 106:37 (105:37 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:38 (105:38 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:39 (105:39 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · 2 Kgs 16:3 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:37–39: the height of Israel's impiety was sacrificing their children to idols; their idolatry is called fornication because they were joined to God.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letters (OCR); stray mark and split word (OCR)): ποίαν σε γὰρ → ποίαν γὰρ; προσ? ενεγκεῖν → προσενεγκεῖν.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.37 (PG 80 80:1731; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-37). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-37
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.40PG 80 80:1733
« Καὶ ὠργίσθη θυμῷ Κύριος ἐπὶ τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐβδελύξατο τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς εἰς χεῖρας ἐχθρῶν, καὶ ἐκυρίευσαν αὐτῶν οἱ μισοῦντες αὐτούς. Καὶ ἔθλιψαν αὐτοὺς οἱ ἐχθροὶ αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐταπεινώθησαν ὑπὸ τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν. » Ταῦτα καὶ ἡ τῶν Κριτῶν ἱστορία διδάσκει, καὶ μέντοι καὶ ἡ τῶν Βασιλειῶν συγγραφή. Ποτὲ μὲν γὰρ Μωαβίταις, ποτὲ δὲ ᾿Αμμανίταις, ἄλλοτε δὲ Ἀμαλακίταις, καὶ Μαδιηναίοις, καὶ ᾿Αλλοφύλοις παρέδωκε, τῇ παιδείᾳ τὴν ὠφέλειαν καρπούμενος.
« Kai ōrgisthē thymǭ Kyrios epi ton laon autou, kai ebdelyxato tēn klēronomian autou. Kai paredōken autous eis cheiras echthrōn, kai ekyrieusan autōn hoi misountes autous. Kai ethlipsan autous hoi echthroi autōn, kai etapeinōthēsan hypo tas cheiras autōn. » Tauta kai hē tōn Kritōn historia didaskei, kai mentoi kai hē tōn Basileiōn syngraphē. Pote men gar Mōabitais, pote de ᾿Ammanitais, allote de Amalakitais, kai Madiēnaiois, kai ᾿Allophylois paredōke, tę̄ paideią tēn ōpheleian karpoumenos.
"And the Lord was angry with wrath against his people and abhorred his inheritance. And he handed them over into the hands of enemies, and those who hated them ruled over them. And their enemies afflicted them, and they were humbled under their hands." The history of the Judges teaches this, and so too the narrative of the Kingdoms. For at one time he handed them over to the Moabites, at another to the Ammonites, at another to the Amalekites, the Midianites, and the Philistines, reaping benefit from the discipline.
Ps 106:40 (105:40 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:41 (105:41 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 106:42 (105:42 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Judg 2:14 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:40–42: as Judges and Kings show, God handed Israel over to its neighbors to discipline it.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray mark (OCR)): ἐχθρῶν ", → ἐχθρῶν,.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.40 (PG 80 80:1733; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-40). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-40
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.43PG 80 80:1733
« Πλεονάκις ἐῤῥύσατο αὐτούς· αὐτοὶ δὲ παρεπίκραναν αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ βουλῇ αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐταπεινώθησαν ἐν ταῖς ἀνομίαις αὐτῶν. · Ἐπάγων γὰρ τὴν παιδείαν πάλιν μετεδίδου φιλανθρωπίας· οἱ δὲ αὐτὸν τοῖς ἐναντίοις ἡμείβοντο.
« Pleonakis errhysato autous; autoi de parepikranan auton en tę̄ boulę̄ autōn, kai etapeinōthēsan en tais anomiais autōn. ; Epagōn gar tēn paideian palin metedidou philanthrōpias; hoi de auton tois enantiois hēmeibonto.
"Many times he delivered them; but they provoked him by their counsel and were humbled in their iniquities." For after bringing the discipline, he would again give them a share in his love for humankind; but they repaid him with the opposite.
Ps 106:43 (105:43 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:43: God repeatedly delivered Israel, but they repaid him with disobedience.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.43 (PG 80 80:1733; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-43). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-43
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.44PG 80 80:1733
« Καὶ εἶδε Κύριος ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαι αὐτοὺς, ἐν τῷ αὐτὸν εἰσακοῦσαι τῆς δεήσεως αὐτῶν. Ταῦτα καὶ αἱ ἱστορίαι διδάσκουσι· καὶ ὅτι ἐδεήθησαν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ἀνάγκης ὠθούμενοι· καὶ ὅτι δεηθέντες ἠκούσθησαν.
« Kai eide Kyrios en tǭ thlibesthai autous, en tǭ auton eisakousai tēs deēseōs autōn. Tauta kai hai historiai didaskousi; kai hoti edeēthēsan tou Theou apo tēs anankēs ōthoumenoi; kai hoti deēthentes ēkousthēsan.
"And the Lord saw when they were afflicted, when he heard their petition." The histories teach this too: that they prayed to God when driven by necessity, and that when they prayed they were heard.
Ps 106:44 (105:44 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:44: in distress Israel prayed and God heard them.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.44 (PG 80 80:1733; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-44). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-44
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.45PG 80 80:1733
« Καὶ ἐμνήσθη τῆς διαθήκης αὐτοῦ, καὶ μετεμελήθη κατὰ τὸ πλῆθος τοῦ ἐλέου αὐτοῦ. » Διὰ γὰρ τὰς πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἐπαγγελίας τὸν ἔλεον ἐχορήγησε· μεταμέλειαν δὲ καλεῖ τῆς παιδείας τὴν παῦλαν. Ὁ γὰρ Θεὸς τῆς μεταμελείας οὐκ ἔχει τὸ πάθος, οὐδὲ νῦν μὲν τούτοις, νῦν δὲ ἐκείνοις ἀρέσκεται· ἀλλὰ σοφῶς ἅπαντα πρυτανεύων, καὶ παιδείας ἐπάγει, καὶ φιλανθρωπίαν ὀρέγει.
« Kai emnēsthē tēs diathēkēs autou, kai metemelēthē kata to plēthos tou eleou autou. » Dia gar tas pros tous pateras epangelias ton eleon echorēgēse; metameleian de kalei tēs paideias tēn paulan. Ho gar Theos tēs metameleias ouk echei to pathos, oude nyn men toutois, nyn de ekeinois aresketai; alla sophōs hapanta prytaneuōn, kai paideias epagei, kai philanthrōpian oregei.
"And he remembered his covenant and repented according to the abundance of his mercy." Because of the promises to the fathers he supplied mercy. He calls the cessation of the discipline "repentance." For God is not subject to the passion of repentance, nor is he pleased now with these things and now with those; but governing all things wisely, he both brings disciplines and holds out love for humankind.
Ps 106:45 (105:45 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:45: God's 'repentance' means the ending of discipline, since he is not subject to changes of mind.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.45 (PG 80 80:1733; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-45). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-45
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.46PG 80 80:1733
« Καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτοὺς εἰς οἰκτιρμοὺς, ἐναντίον πάντων τῶν αἰχμαλωτευσάντων αὐτούς. » Οὕτω τὸν Κύρον κατέθελξεν, καὶ εἰς ἔλεον ἔκαμψε, καὶ δοῦναι τοῖς δορυαλώτοις τὴν ἐλευθερίαν πεποίηκε.
« Kai edōken autous eis oiktirmous, enantion pantōn tōn aichmalōteusantōn autous. » Houtō ton Kyron katethelxen, kai eis eleon ekampse, kai dounai tois doryalōtois tēn eleutherian pepoiēke.
"And he gave them over to compassion before all who had taken them captive." So he charmed Cyrus, bent him to mercy, and made him give freedom to the captives.
Ps 106:46 (105:46 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Ezra 1:1 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:46: God moved Cyrus to free the captives.
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.46 (PG 80 80:1733; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-46). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-46
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.47PG 80 80:1733
« Σῶσον ἡμᾶς, Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, καὶ ἐπισυνάγαγε ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῶν ἐθνῶν· τοῦ ἐξομολογήσασθαι τῷ ὀνόματί σου τῷ ἁγίῳ, τοῦ ἐγκαυχᾶσθαι ἐν τῇ αἰνέσει σου. » Καὶ ταῦτα δηλοῖ, ὡς ὁ προφητικὸς αὐτοὺς διδάσκει λόγος, πῶς δεῖ τὸν Θεὸν ἱλεώσασθαι, καὶ τῆς παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ κηδεμονίας τυχεῖν. Καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος δὲ Ἀπόστολος τὴν ἐσομένην Ἰουδαίοις σωτηρίαν διὰ Ἠλιοῦ τοῦ Θεσβίτου προηγόρευσεν· « Ἥξει ἐκ Σιὼν, φησὶν, ὁ ῥυόμενος, καὶ ἀποστρέψει ἀσεβείας ἀπὸ Ἰακώβ· καὶ αὕτη αὐτοῖς ἡ παρ᾿ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη, ὅταν ἀφέλωμαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν.» Οὐ μὲν τὴν οἰκοδομίαν τῆς Ἱερουσαλήμ προσμεῖναι δεῖ, κατὰ τοὺς μύθους τῶν ἀνοήτων, καὶ τὴν κατὰ νόμον λατρείαν, καὶ τὰς ἀλόγους θυσίας, καὶ περιτομὴν, καὶ σάββατον, καὶ σκιώδη περιῤῥαντήρια μετὰ τὸ πανάγιον βάπτισμα· ταῦτα γὰρ γραϊδίων μεθυόντων παραληρήματα· ἀλλὰ κλῆσιν καὶ ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας, καὶ πίστιν εἰς τὸν Δεσπότην Χριστὸν, καὶ τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης τὴν πολιτείαν.
« Sōson hēmas, Kyrie ho Theos hēmōn, kai episynagage hēmas ek tōn ethnōn; tou exomologēsasthai tǭ onomati sou tǭ hagiǭ, tou enkauchasthai en tę̄ ainesei sou. » Kai tauta dēloi, hōs ho prophētikos autous didaskei logos, pōs dei ton Theon hileōsasthai, kai tēs par᾿ autou kēdemonias tychein. Kai ho thespesios de Apostolos tēn esomenēn Ioudaiois sōtērian dia Ēliou tou Thesbitou proēgoreusen; « Hēxei ek Siōn, phēsin, ho rhyomenos, kai apostrepsei asebeias apo Iakōb; kai hautē autois hē par᾿ emou diathēkē, hotan aphelōmai tas hamartias autōn.» Ou men tēn oikodomian tēs Hierousalēm prosmeinai dei, kata tous mythous tōn anoētōn, kai tēn kata nomon latreian, kai tas alogous thysias, kai peritomēn, kai sabbaton, kai skiōdē perirrhantēria meta to panagion baptisma; tauta gar graïdiōn methyontōn paralērēmata; alla klēsin kai epignōsin alētheias, kai pistin eis ton Despotēn Christon, kai tēs kainēs diathēkēs tēn politeian.
"Save us, O Lord our God, and gather us from the nations, to confess your holy name, to glory in your praise." These words also show how the prophetic word teaches them that God must be propitiated and his care obtained. And the inspired Apostle foretold the salvation that will come to the Jews through Elijah the Tishbite: "The deliverer will come from Zion," he says, "and will turn away ungodliness from Jacob; and this will be my covenant with them, when I take away their sins." One must not wait for the rebuilding of Jerusalem, as in the fables of the foolish, and the worship according to the law, irrational sacrifices, circumcision, the Sabbath, and shadowy sprinklings after the all-holy baptism (these are the ravings of drunken old women), but for the calling and knowledge of the truth, faith in Christ the Master, and the way of life of the new covenant.
Ps 106:47 (105:47 LXX) (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 11:26 (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 11:27 (quotation, high confidence) · Mal 4:5 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:47: the hoped-for gathering of the Jews is their future conversion to Christ, foretold by Paul and linked by Theodoret with Elijah's coming, not the restoration of Jerusalem and the law.
- Theodoret links Rom 11:26–27 with the expected return of Elijah (Mal 4:5). His dismissal of hopes for a restored Jerusalem and temple worship as 'the ravings of drunken old women' is polemical; it is translated as written.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR breathing; split word (OCR); stray letter (OCR)): θεσπέ σιος → θεσπέσιος; παραληρήματα τ· → παραληρήματα·; αἱνέσει → αἰνέσει.
Topics: Eschatology, Baptism
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.47 (PG 80 80:1733; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-47). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-47
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.
105.48PG 80 80:1735
« Εὐλογητὸς Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραὴλ ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰῶνος, καὶ ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος· καὶ ἐρεῖ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς, Γένοιτο, γένοιτο. • Ὑμνητὸς γὰρ ἐπὶ πᾶσι τῶν ὅλων ὁ Κύριος, ὁ τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ χρηματίσας Θεὸς, ὁ τοσαῦτα τῆς τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἕνεκα πραγματευσάμενος σωτηρίας. Προσήκει δὲ τὸν λαὸν ἅπαντα τὸ ᾿Αμὴν τῇ τῶν ὑμνούντων ἐπιφέρειν φωνῇ. Τὸ γὰρ Γένοιτο, γένοιτο, ᾿Αμὴν καὶ ἀμὴν, ὁ Ἑβραῖος καλεῖ. "Οθεν καὶ τὸ ἔθος ἐν ταῖς Ἐκκλησίαις μεμένηκε τὸ τῇ δοξολογίᾳ τοῦ ἱερέως διὰ τοῦ Ἀμὴν συντίθεσθαι τὸν λαὸν, καὶ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν κοινωνίαν προσφέρειν, καὶ τὴν εὐλογίαν λαμβάνειν.
« Eulogētos Kyrios ho Theos Israēl apo tou aiōnos, kai heōs tou aiōnos; kai erei pas ho laos, Genoito, genoito. • Hymnētos gar epi pasi tōn holōn ho Kyrios, ho tou Israēl chrēmatisas Theos, ho tosauta tēs tōn anthrōpōn heneka pragmateusamenos sōtērias. Prosēkei de ton laon hapanta to ᾿Amēn tę̄ tōn hymnountōn epipherein phōnę̄. To gar Genoito, genoito, ᾿Amēn kai amēn, ho Hebraios kalei. "Othen kai to ethos en tais Ekklēsiais memenēke to tę̄ doxologią tou hiereōs dia tou Amēn syntithesthai ton laon, kai tēn enteuthen koinōnian prospherein, kai tēn eulogian lambanein.
"Blessed be the Lord, the God of Israel, from everlasting to everlasting; and all the people will say, So be it, so be it." For the Lord of all, who was called the God of Israel and who did so much for the salvation of human beings, is to be hymned above all. It is fitting that the whole people add the Amen to the voice of those singing the hymn; for the Hebrew says "Amen and amen" for "So be it, so be it." Hence the custom has remained in the churches that the people assent to the priest's doxology by the Amen, and so take part in the fellowship and receive the blessing.
Ps 106:48 (105:48 LXX) (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Psalm 106:48: 'So be it, so be it' is the Hebrew 'Amen, amen,' the origin of the people's Amen to the priest's doxology in church.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (OCR accent): καλεί. → καλεῖ..
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Theodoret, Interp. Ps. 105.48 (PG 80 80:1735; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-48). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/theodoret-interpretatio-psalmos/105-48
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Translation: Translated by Claude (Opus) from the Greek as printed in Migne PG 80 (Bavarian State Library OCR); no public-domain or FOTC English exists, so each batch was re-read against the Greek.