Letters 4.1–4.5
Latin text: Hartel, CSEL 29 (Latin text: W. von Hartel (CSEL 29, 1894), digitized by Open Greek and Latin, University of Leipzig (csel-dev), CC BY-SA 4.0).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 4
4.1CSEL 29:18–20
Caritas Christi, quae urget nos et absentes licet per unitatem fidei adligat, ipsa fiduciam ad te scribendi pudore depulso praestitit teque per litteras tuas uisceribus meis intimauit, quas et de scolasticis facultatibus adfluentes et de caelestibus fauis dulces ut animae meae medicas et altrices in quinque libris interim teneo, quos munere benedicti et uenerabilis nobis episcopi nostri Alypii non pro nostra instructione tantum, sed etiam pro ecclesiae multarum urbium utilitate suscepimus. hos igitur nunc libros lectioni habeo, in his me oblecto, de his cibum capio, non illum qui perit sed qui operatur uitae aeternae substantiam per fidem nostram, qua accorporamur in Christo Iesu domino nostro, cum fides nostra, quae uisibilium neglegens inuisibilibus inhiat, per caritatem omnia secundum ueritatem omnipotentis dei credentem litteris et exemplis fidelium roboretur. o uere sal terrae, quo praecordia nostra, ne possint saeculi errore uanescere, condiuntur! o lucerna digne super candelabrum ecclesiae posita, quae late catholicis urbibus de septiformi lychno pastum oleo laetitiae lumen effundens densas licet haereticorum caligines discutis et lucem ueritatis a confusione tenebrarum splendore clarifici sermonis enubilas.
The love of Christ, which urges us on and, though we are absent, binds us through the unity of faith, has itself driven away my shyness and given me confidence to write to you, and has made you dear to my inmost being through your writings. These, overflowing with the resources of the schools and sweet from heavenly honeycombs, I hold meanwhile in five books, as physicians and nurses of my soul. We received them by the gift of our blessed and venerable bishop Alypius, not only for our own instruction but also for the benefit of the church in many cities. These books I now have for reading; in them I delight; from them I take food, not the food that perishes, but that which works the substance of eternal life through our faith, by which we are incorporated into Christ Jesus our Lord, since our faith, which disregards the visible and gapes after the invisible, is strengthened through love by the writings and examples of the faithful, who believe all things according to the truth of almighty God. O truly salt of the earth, by which our hearts are seasoned, so that they cannot become tasteless through the error of the world! O lamp worthily set upon the lampstand of the church, which, pouring far and wide over the catholic cities a light fed from the sevenfold lamp with the oil of gladness, scatters the thick darkness of the heretics, however dense, and clears the light of truth from the confusion of shadows by the brilliance of your illuminating speech.
2 Cor 5:14 (quotation, high confidence) · John 6:27 (allusion, high confidence) · 2 Cor 4:18 (allusion, high confidence) · Gal 5:6 (allusion, medium confidence) · Matt 5:13 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 5:15 (allusion, high confidence) · Zech 4:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · Ps 45:7 (44:8 Vulg.) (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paulinus writes to Augustine for the first time, praising his five books against the Manichees received through Alypius as salt of the earth and a lamp against heresy.
- Letter 4 (Augustine, Letter 25) is Paulinus’s first letter to Augustine, ca. 394–395. Sources: 2 Cor 5:14; John 6:27; 2 Cor 4:18; Gal 5:6; Matt 5:13–15; Zech 4:2 (sevenfold lamp); Ps 45:7 (44:8 Vulgate, oil of gladness).
- The digital text has a stray letter “s” before “o lucerna”; removed.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (stray letter in the digital text): condiuntur! s o lucerna → condiuntur! o lucerna.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Paulinus of Nola, Ep. 4.1 (CSEL 29:18–20; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-1
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-paulinus-nola-epistulae-4-1) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Hartel, CSEL 29 (1894) (digital text; corrections logged). No public-domain English translation exists and no FOTC volume covers Paulinus, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.
4.2CSEL 29:20–21
Vides, frater unanime admirabilis in Christo domino et suspiciende, quam familiariter te agnouerim, quanto admirer stupore, quam magno amore conplectar, qui cotidie conloquio litterarum tuarum fruor et oris tui spiritu uescor. os enim tuum fistulam aquae uiuae et uenam fontis aeterni merito dixerim, quia fons in te aquae salientis in uitam aeternam Christus effectus est. cuius desiderio sitiuit in te anima mea et ubertate tui fluminis inebriari terra mea concupiuit. ideoque cum hoc Pentateucho tuo contra Manichaeos me satis armaueris, si qua in alios quoque hostes catholicae fidei munimina conparasti, quia hostis noster, cui mille nocendi artes, tam uariis expugnandus est telis quam obpugnat insidiis, quaeso promere mihi de armamentario tuo et conferre non abnuas arma iustitiae. sum enim laboriosus etiam nunc sub magno onere peccator, ueteranus in numero peccatorum, sed aeterno regi nouus incorporeae tiro militiae. sapientiam mundi miser hucusque miratus sum et per inutiles litteras reprobatamque prudentiam deo stultus et mutus fui. postquam inueteraui inter inimicos meos et euanui in cogitationibus meis, leuaui oculos meos in montes, ad praecepta legis et gratiae dona suspiciens, unde mihi auxilium uenit a domino, qui non secundum iniquitates retribuens inluminauit caecum, soluit conpeditum, humiliauit erectum male, ut erigeret humiliatum pie.
You see, admirable brother, one in heart with me in Christ the Lord and to be revered, how familiarly I have come to know you, with what amazement I admire you, with how great a love I embrace you, I who daily enjoy conversation with your writings and feed on the breath of your mouth. For I may rightly call your mouth a pipe of living water and a vein of the eternal fountain, since Christ has become in you a fountain of water springing up to eternal life. For desire of him my soul has thirsted in you, and my land has longed to be drunk with the abundance of your river. Therefore, since you have armed me well with this Pentateuch of yours against the Manichees, if you have prepared any defenses also against other enemies of the catholic faith (for our enemy, who has a thousand arts of harming, must be fought with weapons as varied as the snares with which he attacks), I beg you not to refuse to bring out for me from your armory and bestow on me the weapons of righteousness. For I am still a sinner laboring under a great burden, a veteran among sinners, but a new recruit to the eternal King in incorporeal warfare. Wretch that I am, until now I admired the wisdom of the world, and through useless letters and reprobate prudence I was foolish and dumb before God. After I had grown old among my enemies and become vain in my thoughts, I lifted up my eyes to the mountains, looking up to the precepts of the law and the gifts of grace, whence my help came from the Lord, who, not repaying according to my iniquities, gave light to the blind, freed the shackled, humbled one wrongly lifted up in order to lift up one humbled in godliness.
John 4:14 (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 63:1 (62:2 Vulg.) (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 36:8 (35:9 Vulg.) (allusion, medium confidence) · 2 Cor 6:7 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 3:19 (allusion, medium confidence) · Ps 6:7 (6:8 Vulg.) (quotation, high confidence) · Rom 1:21 (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 121:1 (120:1 Vulg.) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 121:2 (120:2 Vulg.) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 103:10 (102:10 Vulg.) (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 146:8 (145:8 Vulg.) (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 146:7 (145:7 Vulg.) (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paulinus calls Augustine's books against the Manichees a Pentateuch, asks for his works against other heretics, and describes his own conversion from worldly learning.
- Sources: John 4:14; Ps 63:1 (62:2 Vulgate); Ps 36:8 (35:9 Vulgate); 2 Cor 6:7; 1 Cor 1:20; 3:19; Ps 6:7 (6:8 Vulgate, “inveteravi inter omnes inimicos meos”); Rom 1:21; Ps 121:1–2 (120:1–2 Vulgate); Ps 103:10 (102:10 Vulgate); Ps 146:7–8 (145:7–8 Vulgate). “Thousand arts of harming” echoes Virgil, Aen. 7.338 (“mille nocendi artes”).
Extrabiblical texts: Virgil, Aen. 7.338 (Virgil; echo)
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Paulinus of Nola, Ep. 4.2 (CSEL 29:20–21; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-2
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-paulinus-nola-epistulae-4-2) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Hartel, CSEL 29 (1894) (digital text; corrections logged). No public-domain English translation exists and no FOTC volume covers Paulinus, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.
4.3CSEL 29:21–22
Sequor igitur non aequis adhuc passibus magna iustorum uestigia, si possim orationibus uestris adprehendere, in quo dei miserationibus adprehensus sum. rege ergo paruulum incerta reptantem et tuis gressibus ingredi doce. nolo enim me corporalis ortus magis quam spiritalis exortus aetate consideres, quippe aetas mihi secundum carnem iam ea est, qua fuit ille ab apostolis in porta speciosa uerbi potestate sanatus, in natalibus autem animae illius adhuc mihi tempus infantiae est, quae intentatis Christo uulneribus inmolata digno sanguine agni uictimam praecucurrit et dominicam auspicata est passionem. atque ideo ut infantem adhuc uerbo dei et spiritali aetate lactantem educa uerbis tuis uberibus fidei sapientiae caritatis inhiantem. si officium commune consideras, frater es; si maturitatem ingenii tui et sensuum, pater mihi es, etsi forte sis aeuo iunior, quia te ad maturitatem meriti, honorem seniorum, prouexit et iuuenem cana prudentia. foue igitur et conrobora me in sacris litteris et spiritalibus studiis tempore, ut dixi, recentem et ob hoc post longa discrimina, post multa naufragia usu rudem, uixdum a fluctibus saeculi emergentem; tu, qui iam solido litore constitisti, tuto excipe sinu, ut in portu salutis, si dignum putas, pariter nauigemus. interea me de periculis uitae istius et profundo peccatorum euadere nitentem orationibus tuis tamquam tabula sustine, ut de hoc mundo quasi de naufragio nudus euadam.
I follow, therefore, with steps still unequal, the great footprints of the righteous, if by your prayers I may lay hold of that for which I have been laid hold of by the mercies of God. Guide, then, a little one crawling uncertainly, and teach him to walk with your steps. For I do not want you to consider me by the age of my bodily birth rather than of my spiritual rising. My age according to the flesh is now that of the man who was healed by the apostles at the Beautiful Gate through the power of the word; but in the birthdays of the soul I am still at the age of those infants who were sacrificed by the wounds aimed at Christ, ran ahead of the victim of the Lamb with their worthy blood, and inaugurated the Lord’s passion. So, as an infant still and a suckling in the word of God and in spiritual age, bring me up with your words, as I gape after the breasts of faith, wisdom, and love. If you consider our common office, you are my brother; if the maturity of your mind and judgment, you are my father, even if perhaps younger in years, because a gray-haired prudence has advanced you, though young, to maturity of merit, the honor of elders. Cherish and strengthen me, then, in the sacred letters and in spiritual studies, recent as I am, as I said, in time, and for that reason, after long perils and many shipwrecks, still unskilled in practice, barely emerging from the waves of the world. You, who already stand on solid shore, receive me into a safe harbor, so that, if you think me worthy, we may sail together in the port of salvation. Meanwhile, as I strive to escape from the perils of this life and the depths of sins, hold me up with your prayers as with a plank, that I may escape naked from this world as from a shipwreck.
Phil 3:12 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 3:2 (allusion, high confidence) · Acts 4:22 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 2:16 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Pet 2:2 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paulinus, about forty but an infant in faith, asks Augustine, younger but mature, to guide and pray for him.
- Sources: Phil 3:12; Acts 3:2–10 and 4:22 (the lame man “more than forty years old”: Paulinus was about forty); Matt 2:16 (the Holy Innocents); 1 Pet 2:2; Wis 4:8–9 (gray hairs of prudence). The plank of shipwreck is a common image (cf. Jerome, Letter 130.9).
Extrabiblical texts: Wis 4:8–9 (Wisdom of Solomon [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; allusion)
Cite (SBL): Paulinus of Nola, Ep. 4.3 (CSEL 29:21–22; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-3
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-paulinus-nola-epistulae-4-3) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Hartel, CSEL 29 (1894) (digital text; corrections logged). No public-domain English translation exists and no FOTC volume covers Paulinus, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.
4.4CSEL 29:22–23
Idcirco enim leuare me sarcinis et uestimentis onerantibus exuere curaui, ut undosum hoc, quod inter nos et deum peccatis interlatrantibus separat, praesentis uitae salum omni amictu carnis et cura diei sequentis iubente et iuuante Christo expeditus enatem. neque id perfecisse me glorior quod, etsi gloriari possem, in domino gloriarer, cuius est perficere quod nobis uelle adiacet. sed concupiscit adhuc anima mea desiderare iudicia domini. uide quando adsequatur effectum dei uoluntatum, qui adhuc ipsum desiderare desiderat. quod in me tamen est, dilexi decorem domus sanctae et, quantum in me fuit, elegeram abiectus esse in domo domini. sed cui placuit segregare me ab utero matris meae et ab amicitia carnis et sanguinis ad gratiam suam trahere, eidem placuit inopem me omnis boni meriti suscitare de terra et de lacu miseriarum ac de luto faecis educere, ut conlocaret me cum principibus populi sui et partem meam in tua sorte poneret, ut te praestante meritis officio sociatus aequarer.
For this reason I have taken care to lighten myself of baggage and to strip off the clothes that weigh me down, so that, at Christ’s command and with his help, freed from every covering of flesh and from care for the next day, I may swim across this stormy sea of the present life, which separates us from God with sins barking between. Nor do I boast that I have accomplished this; even if I could boast, I would boast in the Lord, to whom it belongs to accomplish what lies at hand for us to will. But my soul still longs to desire the judgments of the Lord. Consider when one who still desires to desire may attain the fulfillment of God’s wishes. Yet so far as in me lies, I have loved the beauty of the holy house, and, so far as I could, I had chosen to be an abject in the house of the Lord. But he who was pleased to set me apart from my mother’s womb and to draw me from the friendship of flesh and blood to his grace was also pleased to raise me, needy of every good merit, from the earth, and to lead me out of the pit of misery and the mire of dregs, to set me with the princes of his people and put my portion in your lot, so that, joined in office, I might be made equal to you, though you surpass me in merits.
Matt 6:34 (allusion, medium confidence) · 2 Cor 10:17 (allusion, high confidence) · Rom 7:18 (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 119:20 (118:20 Vulg.) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 26:8 (25:8 Vulg.) (quotation, high confidence) · Ps 84:10 (83:11 Vulg.) (quotation, high confidence) · Gal 1:15 (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 113:7 (112:7 Vulg.) (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 113:8 (112:8 Vulg.) (allusion, high confidence) · Ps 40:2 (39:3 Vulg.) (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paulinus has stripped himself of possessions to cross life's sea and attributes his calling and ordination to God's grace, not his own merit.
- Sources: Matt 6:34; 2 Cor 10:17; Rom 7:18; Ps 119:20 (118:20 Vulgate, “concupivit anima mea desiderare iustificationes tuas”); Ps 26:8 (25:8 Vulgate); Ps 84:10 (83:11 Vulgate); Gal 1:15; Ps 113:7–8 (112:7–8 Vulgate); Ps 40:2 (39:3 Vulgate). The swimmer stripped for shipwreck is a common image.
Cite (SBL): Paulinus of Nola, Ep. 4.4 (CSEL 29:22–23; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-4
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-paulinus-nola-epistulae-4-4) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Hartel, CSEL 29 (1894) (digital text; corrections logged). No public-domain English translation exists and no FOTC volume covers Paulinus, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.
4.5CSEL 29:23–24
Praesumptione igitur non mea, sed placito et ordinatione domini fraternitatis tuae mihi foedus usurpans, tanto indignus honore me dignor, quia te pro tua sanctitate certo scio (nam ueritate sapis) non alta sapere, sed humilibus congruere, ideoque prompte et intime recepturum spero caritatem humilitatis nostrae, quam quidem iam recepisse te per beatissimum sacerdotem Alypium, quia dignatur, patrem nostrum confido. is enim sine dubio de se tibi exemplum praebuit nos ante notitiam et supra meritum diligendi, qui incognitos sibi nos et longinqua soli uel sali intercapedine disparatos spiritu uerae dilectionis, qui ubique et penetrat et effunditur, et uidere diligendo potuit et adloquendo pertingere. hic nobis prima affectus sui documenta et caritatis tuae pignora in supradicto munere librorum dedit. et quanto studuit inpendio, ut sanctitatem tuam non ipsius tantum uerbis sed plenius eloquentia et fide tua cognitam non possemus amare mediocriter, tantopere curasse eundem credimus, ut nos uicissim ipsius imitatione plurimum diligas. gratia dei tecum, ut est, in aeternum maneat optamus, frater in Christo domino unanime uenerabilis desiderantissime. totam domum et omnem comitem et aemulatorem in domino sanctitatis tuae plurimo fraternitatis unanimae salutamus affectu. panem unum, quem unanimitatis indicio misimus caritati tuae, rogamus accipiendo benedicas.
Not by my own presumption, then, but by the Lord’s will and ordering I claim for myself the bond of your brotherhood, unworthy as I am of so great an honor, and deem myself worthy of it; because I know for certain that, being holy (for you savor of truth), you do not mind high things but condescend to the lowly. I therefore hope you will receive readily and heartily the love of our lowliness, which indeed I trust you have already received through the most blessed bishop Alypius, our father, since he deigns to be so. For he without doubt has given you in himself an example of loving us before acquaintance and beyond our merit: we were unknown to him and separated by a long gap of land and sea, yet by the spirit of true love, which penetrates and is poured out everywhere, he was able to see us by loving and to reach us by addressing us. He gave us the first proofs of his affection and the pledges of your love in the gift of the books mentioned above. And as much as he took pains that we should not love your holiness moderately, once we knew it not only by his words but more fully through your own eloquence and faith, so much, we believe, he has taken care that you in turn, by imitating him, should love us very greatly. We pray that the grace of God may abide with you forever, as it does, brother one in heart with us in Christ the Lord, venerable and most longed for. We greet your whole household and every companion and imitator of your holiness in the Lord with the deepest affection of one-hearted brotherhood. We beg you to bless, by accepting it, the one loaf we have sent to your love as a sign of oneness of heart.
Rom 12:16 (quotation, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Paulinus claims Augustine's brotherhood through Alypius's mediation, greets his community, and sends a loaf as a sign of unity.
- Sources: Rom 12:16 (“non alta sapientes sed humilibus consentientes”). The loaf is again a eulogia, as in 3.5.
Cite (SBL): Paulinus of Nola, Ep. 4.5 (CSEL 29:23–24; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-5). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/paulinus-nola-epistulae/4-5
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-paulinus-nola-epistulae-4-5) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Hartel, CSEL 29 (1894) (digital text; corrections logged). No public-domain English translation exists and no FOTC volume covers Paulinus, so each batch was re-read against the Latin.