Leviticus 23 in the early church

89 passages quote, allude to, or echo Leviticus 23, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 10 · 11 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 21 · 24 · 27 · 29 · 32 · 34 · 36 · 39 · 40 · 42 · 44

Leviticus 23:1

Then the LORD said to Moses,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:1–44Book of Heresies 141.1 · Philastrius of Bresciaallusion, high confidenceca. 380s
Lev 23:1–44Book of Heresies 141.2 · Philastrius of Bresciaallusion, high confidenceca. 380s

Leviticus 23:4

These are the LORD’s appointed feasts, the sacred assemblies you are to proclaim at their appointed times.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:4Commentary on John 10.81 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 230–248

Leviticus 23:5

The Passover to the LORD begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:5Commentary on Matthew 15.31 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 246–248
Lev 23:5–6Demonstration 12.12 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345

Leviticus 23:6

On the fifteenth day of the same month begins the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD. For seven days you must eat unleavened bread.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:6On Prayer 27.14 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 233–234
Lev 23:6Homilies on Leviticus 9.5 · Origenquotation, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:6Commentary on Matthew 15.31 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 246–248
Lev 23:6Against Faustus the Manichaean 6.1 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 398–400

Leviticus 23:7

On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly; you are not to do any regular work.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:7Against Heresies 4.8.2 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, medium confidenceca. 180–190
Lev 23:7Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 45 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
Lev 23:7Sermon 270.5 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 391-430
Lev 23:7Letters 9.3 · Paulinus of Nolaallusion, medium confidenceca. 394–413
Lev 23:7Tractates on the Gospel of John 44.9 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, medium confidenceca. 406–420
Lev 23:7On the Spirit and the Letter 27 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidence412
Lev 23:7City of God 22.30 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidence413–426

Leviticus 23:10

“Speak to the Israelites and say, ‘When you enter the land that I am giving you and you reap its harvest, you are to bring to the priest a sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:10–11Fragment 16 · Clement of Alexandriaallusion, high confidencelate 2nd–early 3rd century
Lev 23:10Commentary on Romans 6.7 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Lev 23:10–17On the Paschal Feast 4 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 325–337
Lev 23:10Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 51.31.6 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, high confidence374-377

Leviticus 23:11

And he shall wave the sheaf before the LORD so that it may be accepted on your behalf; the priest is to wave it on the day after the Sabbath.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:11Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 51.31.6 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, high confidence374-377

Leviticus 23:15

From the day after the Sabbath, the day you brought the sheaf of the wave offering, you are to count off seven full weeks.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:15PG 12:1075 (Ps 1 LXX) · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 220-254
Lev 23:15–16Homilies on Numbers 25.4 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:15On the Making of the World 8 · Victorinus of Pettauallusion, high confidencelate 3rd century
Lev 23:15Oration 41.1 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383
Lev 23:15Letter 130.10 · Jeromeallusion, low confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:15Letter 149.4 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:15–16Apostolic Constitutions 7.36.4 · Anonymousallusion, medium confidenceca. 380
Lev 23:15Against Faustus the Manichaean 32.3 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 398–400
Lev 23:15–16Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 9 · Eucherius of Lyonquotation, high confidenceca. 420-430
Lev 23:15–16Sermon 139 · Peter Chrysologusallusion, medium confidenceca. 425-450
Lev 23:15The Conferences 21.20 · John Cassianallusion, high confidenceca. 426–429

Leviticus 23:16

You shall count off fifty days until the day after the seventh Sabbath, and then present an offering of new grain to the LORD.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:16On Prayer 27.14 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 233–234
Lev 23:16Homilies on Numbers 5.2 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:16On the Making of the World 8 · Victorinus of Pettauallusion, medium confidencelate 3rd century
Lev 23:16Letter 149.4 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:16Exposition of Psalm 118 5.11.1 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 386-397
Lev 23:16Against Faustus the Manichaean 32.3 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, high confidenceca. 398–400

Leviticus 23:17

Bring two loaves of bread from your dwellings as a wave offering, each made from two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour, baked with leaven, as the firstfruits to the LORD.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:17Homilies on Leviticus 2.2 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:17Letter 149.4 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:17The Conferences 21.20 · John Cassianallusion, high confidenceca. 426–429

Leviticus 23:21

On that same day you are to proclaim a sacred assembly, and you must not do any regular work. This is to be a permanent statute wherever you live for the generations to come.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:21Oration 41.1 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, high confidenceca. 362–383

Leviticus 23:24

“Speak to the Israelites and say, ‘On the first day of the seventh month you are to have a day of rest, a sacred assembly announced by trumpet blasts.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:24PG 12:1075 (Ps 1 LXX) · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 220-254
Lev 23:24PG 12:1677 (Ps 150 LXX) · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
Lev 23:24On Prayer 27.14 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Lev 23:24Homilies on Numbers 23.9 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:24Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 52 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century)
Lev 23:24–36Tractates on the Psalms 118.5.6 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
Lev 23:24–34Letter 52.10 · Jeromeallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:24Letter 130.10 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:24Letter 149.5 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:24Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 30.32.4 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, low confidence374-377
Lev 23:24Exposition of Psalm 118 5.11.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Lev 23:24–32Sermon 139 · Peter Chrysologusallusion, high confidenceca. 425-450

Leviticus 23:27

“The tenth day of this seventh month is the Day of Atonement. You shall hold a sacred assembly and humble yourselves, and present a food offering to the LORD.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:27On Fasting 2 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 210–220
Lev 23:27On Prayer 27.14 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 233–234
Lev 23:27Homilies on Leviticus 9.5 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:27Homilies 1.1 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 363-378
Lev 23:27Letter 130.10 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:27Letter 149.5 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:27Exposition of Psalm 118 5.11.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Lev 23:27–29Against Jovinianus 2.17 · Jeromeallusion, high confidence393

Leviticus 23:29

If anyone does not humble himself on this day, he must be cut off from his people.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:29Epistle of Barnabas 7.3 · Anonymousallusion, high confidenceca. 70–135 (often ca. 130)
Lev 23:29On Fasting 2 · Tertullianquotation, high confidenceca. 210–220
Lev 23:29Letter 130.10 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419

Leviticus 23:32

It will be a Sabbath of complete rest for you, and you shall humble yourselves. From the evening of the ninth day of the month until the following evening you are to keep your Sabbath.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:32Question 64, section 3 · Ambrosiasterallusion, medium confidenceca. 370–384
Lev 23:32Question 107, section 6 · Ambrosiasterallusion, low confidenceca. 370–384
Lev 23:32Book of Rules 5 · Tyconiusquotation, medium confidenceca. 380

Leviticus 23:34

“Speak to the Israelites and say, ‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month the Feast of Tabernacles to the LORD begins, and it continues for seven days.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:34Res. 2.21 · Methodius of Olympusallusion, high confidencelate 3rd cent. (disputed)
Lev 23:34Letter 78.4 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:34Letter 149.5 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:34Exposition of Psalm 118 5.11.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Lev 23:34Against Faustus the Manichaean 6.1 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 398–400
Lev 23:34Against Faustus the Manichaean 6.9 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 398–400
Lev 23:34Instructions 2.8 · Eucherius of Lyonallusion, medium confidenceca. 428-434

Leviticus 23:36

For seven days you are to present a food offering to the LORD. On the eighth day you are to hold a sacred assembly and present a food offering to the LORD. It is a solemn assembly; you must not do any regular work.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:36Letter 149.5 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Lev 23:36Exposition of Psalm 118 5.11.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397

Leviticus 23:39

On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, after you have gathered the produce of the land, you are to celebrate a feast to the LORD for seven days. There shall be complete rest on the first day and also on the eighth day.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:39–43Symposium 9.1 · Methodius of Olympusquotation, high confidencelate 3rd century

Leviticus 23:40

On the first day you are to gather the fruit of majestic trees, the branches of palm trees, and the boughs of leafy trees and of willows of the brook. And you are to rejoice before the LORD your God for seven days.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:40Homilies on Exodus 9.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:40Homilies on Ezekiel 1.5 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s)
Lev 23:40Symposium 9.3 · Methodius of Olympusquotation, high confidencelate 3rd century
Lev 23:40Symposium 9.4 · Methodius of Olympusquotation, high confidencelate 3rd century
Lev 23:40–42Tractates on the Psalms 120.3 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
Lev 23:40Tractates on the Psalms 136.7 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–367
Lev 23:40On the Soul and the Resurrection, Migne page 131 · Gregory of Nyssaallusion, high confidenceca. 379–380

Leviticus 23:42

You are to dwell in booths for seven days. All the native-born of Israel must dwell in booths,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:42Homilies on Exodus 9.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:42–43Homilies on Numbers 17.4 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Lev 23:42Tractates on the Gospel of John 28.3 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 406–420

Leviticus 23:44

So Moses announced to the Israelites the appointed feasts of the LORD.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Lev 23:44Homilies on Leviticus 13.1 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)