Acts of Fructuosus, Augurius and Eulogius (complete)

Latin text: Ruinart 1689 (OCR text layer from Google Books; cleaned for this site).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).

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Chapter 1

1Ruinart, 220

Valeriano et Gallieno imperatoribus, Aemiliano et Basso consulibus, XVII. Kalend. Februarii, die Dominico, comprehensus est Fructuosus episcopus, Augurius et Eulogius diacones. Reposito autem Fructuoso episcopo in cubiculo suo, direxerant beneficiarii in domum ejus, id est Aurelius, Festucius, Aelius, Pollentius, Donatus, et Maximus, qui cum sensissent pediculum ipsorum, confestim surrexit, et prodiit foras ad eos in soleis. Cui milites dixerunt: Veni. Praeses te accersit cum diaconibus tuis. Quibus Fructuosus episcopus dixit: Eamus. Aut si vultis, calceo me. Cui milites dixerunt: Calcea te ad animum tuum. Qui mox ut venerunt, recepti sunt in carcerem. Fructuosus autem certus et gaudens de corona Domini, ad quam vocatus erat, orabat sine cessatione. Erat autem et fraternitas cum ipso, refrigerantes et rogantes ut illos in mente haberet.

When Valerian and Gallienus were emperors, and Aemilianus and Bassus consuls, on the seventeenth day before the Kalends of February, a Sunday, Fructuosus the bishop was arrested, with Augurius and Eulogius, deacons. While Fructuosus the bishop had retired to his bedroom, the beneficiarii, namely Aurelius, Festucius, Aelius, Pollentius, Donatus, and Maximus, made for his house. When he heard their footsteps, he rose at once and went out to them in his sandals. The soldiers said to him, “Come. The governor summons you with your deacons.” Fructuosus the bishop said to them, “Let us go. Or, if you wish, let me put on my shoes.” The soldiers said to him, “Put them on as you please.” As soon as they arrived, they were taken into prison. But Fructuosus, sure of the crown of the Lord to which he had been called, and rejoicing over it, prayed without ceasing. The brotherhood too was with him, comforting him and asking him to keep them in mind.

Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.

1 Thess 5:17 (echo, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Fructuosus, bishop of Tarragona, and his deacons Augurius and Eulogius are arrested on a Sunday and taken to prison, where he prays without ceasing.

  • The date is 16 January 259, under Valerian's persecution. The beneficiarii were soldiers seconded to the governor's staff. “Their footsteps” renders pediculum ipsorum, a doubtful reading (Ruinart's note gives the variants pedibulum and sedibulum); the verb “heard” is plural in the Latin (sensissent) but the sense requires Fructuosus as subject. “Pray without ceasing” echoes 1 Thess 5:17.

Topics: Martyrdom, Persecution, Prayer

Cite (SBL): Act. 1 (Ruinart, 220; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-fructuosi/1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).

Chapter 2

2Ruinart, 221

Alia vero die baptizavit in carcere fratrem nostrum, nomine Rogatianum. Et fecerunt in carcere dies sex, et producti sunt XII. Kalend. Februarii, feria sexta, et auditi sunt. Aemilianus praeses dixit: Fructuosum episcopum, Augurium et Eulogium intromittite. Ex officio dictum est: Adsunt. Aemilianus praeses Fructuoso episcopo dixit: Audisti quid imperatores praeceperunt? Fructuosus episcopus dixit: Nescio quid praeceperunt. Ego vero Christianus sum. Aemilianus praeses dixit: Praeceperunt deos coli. Fructuosus episcopus dixit: Ego unum Deum colo, qui fecit caelum et terram, mare et omnia quae in eis sunt. Aemilianus dixit: Scis esse deos? Fructuosus episcopus dixit: Nescio. Aemilianus dixit: Scies postea. Fructuosus episcopus respexit ad Dominum, et orare coepit intra se. Aemilianus praeses dixit: Qui audiuntur, qui timentur, qui adorantur, si dii non coluntur, nec imperatorum vultus adorantur? Aemilianus praeses Augurio diacono dixit: Noli verbis Fructuosi auscultare. Augurius diaconus dixit: Ego Deum omnipotentem colo. Aemilianus praeses Eulogio diacono dixit: Numquid et tu Fructuosum colis? Eulogius diaconus dixit: Ego Fructuosum non colo; sed ipsum colo, quem et Fructuosus. Aemilianus praeses Fructuoso episcopo dixit: Episcopus es? Fructuosus episcopus dixit: Sum. Aemilianus dixit: Fuisti. Et jussit eos sua sententia vivos ardere.

On the next day he baptized in prison our brother, Rogatianus by name. They spent six days in prison, and on the twelfth day before the Kalends of February, a Friday, they were brought out and heard. Aemilianus the governor said, “Bring in Fructuosus the bishop, Augurius, and Eulogius.” The staff said, “They are here.” Aemilianus the governor said to Fructuosus the bishop, “Have you heard what the emperors have commanded?” Fructuosus the bishop said, “I do not know what they have commanded. But I am a Christian.” Aemilianus the governor said, “They have commanded that the gods be worshiped.” Fructuosus the bishop said, “I worship one God, who made heaven and earth, the sea and all that is in them.” Aemilianus said, “Do you know that there are gods?” Fructuosus the bishop said, “I do not know.” Aemilianus said, “You will know later.” Fructuosus the bishop looked up to the Lord and began to pray within himself. Aemilianus the governor said, “Who are listened to, who are feared, who are adored, if the gods are not worshiped and the images of the emperors are not adored?” Aemilianus the governor said to Augurius the deacon, “Do not listen to the words of Fructuosus.” Augurius the deacon said, “I worship God almighty.” Aemilianus the governor said to Eulogius the deacon, “Do you too worship Fructuosus?” Eulogius the deacon said, “I do not worship Fructuosus; but I worship him whom Fructuosus also worships.” Aemilianus the governor said to Fructuosus the bishop, “Are you a bishop?” Fructuosus the bishop said, “I am.” Aemilianus said, “You were.” And by his sentence he ordered them to be burned alive.

Exod 20:11 (allusion, medium confidence) · Ps 146:6 (145:6 Vulg.) (allusion, medium confidence) · Acts 4:24 (allusion, medium confidence) · Acts 14:15 (allusion, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: After a baptism in prison, the governor Aemilianus interrogates the bishop and his deacons, who confess one God, and sentences them to be burned alive.

  • The hearing is on 21 January 259. The governor's question “Who are listened to … ?” is printed as the edition has it; its sense is that if the gods and the emperors' images are not honored, nothing is. “You were” means “you were a bishop” (that is, you are about to die). The confession of God “who made heaven and earth, the sea and all that is in them” is the biblical formula of Exod 20:11, Ps 146:6, Acts 4:24 and 14:15.

Topics: Martyrdom, Persecution, Baptism, Church office, God

Cite (SBL): Act. 2 (Ruinart, 221; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-fructuosi/2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).

Chapter 3

3Ruinart, 221

Et cum duceretur Fructuosus episcopus cum diaconibus suis ad amphitheatrum, populus Fructuoso episcopo condolere coepit, quia talem amorem habebat non tantum a fratribus, sed etiam ab ethnicis. Talis enim erat, qualem Spiritus sanctus per beatum Paulum apostolum, vas electionis, doctorem gentium, debere esse declaravit. Propter quod etiam fratres, qui sciebant illum ad tantam gloriam pergere, gaudebant potius quam dolebant. Cumque multi ex fraterna caritate eis offerrent, uti conditi permixti poculum sumerent, ait: Nondum est hora solvendi jejunii. Agebatur enim hora diei quarta. Siquidem in carcere quarta feria stationem sollemniter celebraverant. Igitur sexta feria laetus atque securus festinabat, ut cum martyribus et prophetis in paradiso, quem Dominus praeparavit amantibus se, solveret stationem. Cumque ad amphitheatrum pervenisset, statim ad eum accessit, Augustalis nomine, lector ejusdem, cum fletibus deprecans, ut eum excalcearet. Cui beatus Martyr respondit: Missum fac, fili; ego me excalceo, fortis et gaudens et certus Dominicae promissionis. Qui cum se excalceasset, accessit ad eum commilito frater noster, nomine Felix, et apprehendit dexteram ejus, rogans ut sui memor esset. Cui sanctus Fructuosus cunctis audientibus clara voce respondit: In mente me habere necesse est ecclesiam catholicam, ab oriente usque in occidentem diffusam.

And as Fructuosus the bishop was being led with his deacons to the amphitheater, the people began to grieve for Fructuosus the bishop, because he was so loved not only by the brothers but even by the heathen. For he was such a man as the Holy Spirit, through the blessed apostle Paul, the vessel of election, the teacher of the Gentiles, declared that a bishop ought to be. For this reason the brothers too, who knew that he was going on to so great a glory, rejoiced rather than grieved. And when many, out of brotherly love, offered them a cup of spiced mixed wine to drink, he said, “It is not yet the hour for breaking the fast.” For it was the fourth hour of the day. Indeed, in prison they had solemnly kept the station fast on the Wednesday. So on the Friday, glad and untroubled, he was hastening to break the station fast with the martyrs and prophets in paradise, which the Lord has prepared for those who love him. And when he had reached the amphitheater, there came to him at once a man named Augustalis, his reader, begging him with tears that he might take off his shoes for him. The blessed martyr answered him, “Let it be, my son; I take off my own shoes, strong and rejoicing and sure of the Lord's promise.” When he had taken off his shoes, our brother Felix, a fellow soldier, came up to him and took his right hand, asking him to remember him. Holy Fructuosus answered him in a clear voice, in the hearing of all, “I must keep in mind the catholic church, spread abroad from east to west.”

1 Tim 3:2 (allusion, medium confidence) · Titus 1:7 (allusion, low confidence) · Acts 9:15 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Tim 2:7 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 2:9 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: On the way to the amphitheater Fructuosus declines a drink because he is keeping the Friday station fast, refuses help with his shoes, and says he must keep the whole catholic church in mind.

  • “Spiced mixed wine” renders conditi permixti, as printed (the sense of the phrase is not certain). The “station” (statio) was the fast kept on Wednesdays and Fridays until the ninth hour; the fourth hour is about 10 a.m. “Fellow soldier” (commilito) probably means a fellow Christian, as in the language of spiritual warfare, though a literal soldier is possible. The description of the bishop refers to 1 Tim 3:1–7 and Titus 1:7–9; “vessel of election” is Acts 9:15; “teacher of the Gentiles” is 1 Tim 2:7; “prepared for those who love him” is 1 Cor 2:9.

Topics: Martyrdom, Fasting, Church office

Cite (SBL): Act. 3 (Ruinart, 221; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-fructuosi/3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).

Chapter 4

4Ruinart, 222

Igitur in foro amphitheatri constitutus, cum jam prope esset, ut ingrederetur ad coronam immarcescibilem potius quam ad poenam, observantibus licet ex officio beneficiariis quorum nomina supra memorata sunt, ita ut ipsi audirent fratres nostri, monente pariter ac loquente Spiritu sancto, Fructuosus episcopus ait: Jam non deerit vobis pastor, nec deficere poterit caritas et repromissio Domini, tam hic quam in futurum. Hoc enim quod cernitis, unius horae videtur infirmitas. Consolatus igitur fraternitatem, ingressi sunt ad salutem: digni, et in ipso martyrio felices, qui salutarium Scripturarum fructum ex promissione sentirent. Similes Ananiae, Azariae, et Misaeli exstiterunt, ut etiam in illis Trinitas divina cerneretur: Siquidem jam in igne singulis constitutis, ut Pater non deesset, et Filius subveniret, et Spiritus sanctus in medio ignis ambularet. Cumque exustae fuissent fasciolae, quibus manus eorum fuerant colligatae, orationis divinae et solitae consuetudinis memores, gaudentes, positis genibus, de resurrectione securi, insignoque tropaei Domini constituti, Dominum deprecabantur, donec simul animas effuderunt.

So, having been placed in the open space of the amphitheater, when he was now on the point of entering on an unfading crown rather than a punishment, though the beneficiarii whose names are given above were watching from their post, so that our brothers heard it, the Holy Spirit at once prompting and speaking, Fructuosus the bishop said, “Now you will not lack a shepherd, nor can the love and the promise of the Lord fail, here as in the time to come. For this that you see seems the weakness of one hour.” Having thus comforted the brotherhood, they entered into salvation: worthy, and happy in their very martyrdom, men who were to taste, according to the promise, the fruit of the saving Scriptures. They were like Ananias, Azarias, and Misael, so that in them too the divine Trinity might be seen: for when each of them had been placed in the fire, the Father was not absent, and the Son came to their aid, and the Holy Spirit walked in the midst of the fire. And when the bands with which their hands had been tied had burned through, mindful of divine prayer and of their usual custom, rejoicing, on their knees, secure of the resurrection, and set in the sign of the Lord's trophy, they prayed to the Lord until together they gave up their souls.

1 Pet 5:4 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Cor 9:25 (allusion, low confidence) · Dan 3:25 (3:92 Vulg.) (allusion, high confidence) · Dan 1:7 (allusion, low confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: In the amphitheater Fructuosus comforts the church that it will not lack a shepherd; the three are burned, and when their bonds burn away they kneel in prayer with arms outstretched until they die.

  • “Unfading crown” echoes 1 Pet 5:4 and 1 Cor 9:25. Ananias, Azarias, and Misael are the Greek and Latin names of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego (Dan 1:7; 3); the Trinitarian reading of the scene is the author's own. “The sign of the Lord's trophy” means the sign of the cross: with their hands freed they prayed with outstretched arms.

Topics: Martyrdom, Trinity, Prayer

Cite (SBL): Act. 4 (Ruinart, 222; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-fructuosi/4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).

Chapter 5

5Ruinart, 223

Post haec solita Domini non defuere magnalia, apertumque est caelum, videntibus Babylan et Mygdonio fratribus nostris ex familia Aemiliani praesidis, qui etiam filiae ejusdem Aemiliani, dominae eorum carnali, ostendebant sanctum Fructuosum episcopum cum diaconibus, adhuc stipitibus quibus ligati fuerant permanentibus, in caelum ascendentes coronatos. Cumque Aemilianum vocarent dicentes: Veni, et vide quos hodie damnasti, quemadmodum caelo, et spei suae restituti sunt. Igitur cum Aemilianus venisset, videre eos non fuit dignus.

After this the Lord's accustomed wonders were not lacking, and heaven was opened, as our brothers Babylas and Mygdonius, of the household of Aemilianus the governor, saw; and they also showed to the daughter of that same Aemilianus, their mistress according to the flesh, holy Fructuosus the bishop with his deacons, while the stakes to which they had been bound still stood, ascending into heaven crowned. And they called Aemilianus, saying, “Come and see those whom you condemned today, how they have been restored to heaven and to their hope.” But when Aemilianus came, he was not worthy to see them.

Eph 6:5 (echo, low confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Two Christian slaves of the governor see the martyrs ascend crowned into heaven and show them to his daughter, but the governor is not worthy to see them.

  • The first name is printed Babylan, apparently the accusative of Babylas. “Mistress according to the flesh” (dominae eorum carnali) distinguishes their earthly owner from their Lord; compare Eph 6:5.

Topics: Martyrdom, Heaven and eternal reward

Cite (SBL): Act. 5 (Ruinart, 223; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-fructuosi/5). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).

Chapter 6

6Ruinart, 223

Fratres autem tristes, velut derelicti sine pastore, sollicitudinem sustinebant: non quod dolerent Fructuosum, sed potius desiderarent, uniuscujusque fidei et agonis memores. Superveniente autem nocte ad amphitheatrum cum vino festinanter pervenerunt, quo semiusta corpora exstinguerent. Quo facto, eorumdem Martyrum cineres collectos, prout quisque potuit, sibi vindicavit. Sed nec in hoc Domini et Salvatoris nostri defuere magnalia, ut credentibus fides augeretur, et parvulis monstraretur exemplum. Oportebat enim Fructuosum martyrem, quod in saeculo per misericordiam Dei docendo promiserat in Domino et Salvatore nostro, in sua postea passione et resurrectione carnis comprobare. Igitur post passionem apparuit fratribus, et monuit, ut quod unusquisque per caritatem de cineribus usurpaverat, restituerent sine mora, unoquoque in loco simul condendos curarent.

The brothers, grieving as if left without a shepherd, were full of anxiety: not that they mourned for Fructuosus, but rather that they missed him, mindful of the faith and the contest of each. When night came on, they hurried to the amphitheater with wine to quench the half-burned bodies. When this was done, each claimed for himself, as he could, the collected ashes of those martyrs. But in this too the wonders of our Lord and Savior were not lacking, so that faith might be increased in believers and an example shown to the little ones. For it was fitting that Fructuosus the martyr should afterwards prove in his own passion and in the resurrection of the flesh what in this world, by the mercy of God, he had promised in his teaching in our Lord and Savior. So after his passion he appeared to the brothers and warned them that whatever each had taken out of love from the ashes they should give back without delay, and see that they were buried together in one place.

Matt 9:36 (echo, low confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The Christians gather the martyrs' ashes, but Fructuosus appears to them and tells them to return them so that they may be buried together.

  • “Without a shepherd” echoes Matt 9:36. The final clause (unoquoque in loco simul condendos curarent) is uncertain in the printed text; it is rendered by its evident sense, burial together in one place.

Topics: Martyrdom, Eschatology

Cite (SBL): Act. 6 (Ruinart, 223; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-fructuosi/6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).

Chapter 7

7Ruinart, 223

Aemiliano etiam, qui eos damnaverat, Fructuosus pariter cum diaconibus suis ostendit se in stolis repromissionis, increpans pariter et insultans, nihil illi profuisse, quod frustra exutos a corpore in terra crederet, quos cerneret gloriosos. O beati Martyres, qui igne probati sunt ut aurum pretiosum, vestiti lorica fidei et galea salutis; qui coronati sunt diademate et corona immarcescibili, eo quod diaboli caput calcaverunt! O beati Martyres, qui meruerunt dignam habitationem in caelis, ad dexteram stantes Christi, benedicentes Deum Patrem omnipotentem, et Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum filium ejus! Suscepit autem Dominus Martyres suos in pace per bonam confessionem, cui est honor et gloria in saecula saeculorum, Amen.

To Aemilianus too, who had condemned them, Fructuosus showed himself together with his deacons in the robes of the promise, rebuking and mocking him, that it had profited him nothing that he believed those to be stripped of the body and lying in the earth whom he saw to be in glory. O blessed martyrs, who were tried by fire like precious gold, clothed with the breastplate of faith and the helmet of salvation; who were crowned with a diadem and an unfading crown, because they trampled on the devil's head! O blessed martyrs, who have earned a worthy dwelling in heaven, standing at the right hand of Christ, blessing God the Father almighty and our Lord Jesus Christ his Son! The Lord received his martyrs in peace through their good confession; to him be honor and glory for ever and ever. Amen.

1 Pet 1:7 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Thess 5:8 (quotation, high confidence) · Gen 3:15 (echo, medium confidence) · Rev 7:9 (echo, low confidence) · 1 Tim 6:12 (echo, low confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The martyrs appear in glory to the governor who condemned them, and the account closes with praise of the martyrs and a doxology.

  • “Tried by fire like precious gold” echoes 1 Pet 1:7; “breastplate of faith and the helmet of salvation” is 1 Thess 5:8; “trampled on the devil's head” echoes Gen 3:15; “the robes of the promise” recall the white robes of Rev 6:11 and 7:9; “good confession” echoes 1 Tim 6:12–13.

Topics: Martyrdom, Heaven and eternal reward

Cite (SBL): Act. 7 (Ruinart, 223; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-fructuosi/7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).