To the Trallians (complete)
Greek text: Lake, LCL 24 (Greek text: K. Lake, The Apostolic Fathers (LCL, 1912-1913), digitized by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0). Compare: Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1 (1885).
Inscription
0Lake, LCL 24:212
Ἰγνάτιος, ὁ καὶ Θεοφόρος, ἠγαπημένῃ θεῷ, πατρὶ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἐκκλησίᾳ ἁγίᾳ τῇ οὔσῃ ἐν Τράλλεσιν τῆς Ἀσίας, ἐκλεκτῇ καὶ ἀξιοθέῳ, εἰρηνευούσῃ ἐν σαρκὶ καὶ πνεύματι τῷ πάθει Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τῆς ἐλπίδος ἡμῶν ἐν τῇ εἰς αὐτὸν ἀναστάσει· ἣν καὶ ἀσπάζομαι ἐν τῷ πληρώματι ἐν ἀποστολικῷ χαρακτῆρι καὶ εὔχομαι πλεῖστα χαίρειν.
Ignatios, ho kai Theophoros, ēgapēmenę̄ theǭ, patri Iēsou Christou, ekklēsią hagią tę̄ ousę̄ en Trallesin tēs Asias, eklektę̄ kai axiotheǭ, eirēneuousę̄ en sarki kai pneumati tǭ pathei Iēsou Christou, tēs elpidos hēmōn en tę̄ eis auton anastasei; hēn kai aspazomai en tǭ plērōmati en apostolikǭ charaktēri kai euchomai pleista chairein.
Ignatius, who is also called Theophorus, to the holy church that is in Tralles in Asia, beloved by God the Father of Jesus Christ, chosen and worthy of God, at peace in flesh and spirit through the suffering of Jesus Christ, who is our hope through our resurrection to him. I greet it in the fullness, in the apostolic manner, and wish it abundant greetings.
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius greets the church at Tralles.
- “In the fullness” (ἐν τῷ πληρώματι): probably the fullness of God (compare Eph 3:19).
- “In the apostolic manner”: in the style of the apostles' letters.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. inscr. (Lake, LCL 24:212; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/0).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/0
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 1
1.1Lake, LCL 24:212; PG 5:676a
Ἄμωμον διάνοιαν καὶ ἀδιάκριτον ἐν ὑπομονῇ ἔγνων ὑμᾶς ἔχοντας, οὐ κατὰ χρῆσιν ἀλλὰ κατὰ φύσιν, καθὼς ἐδήλωσέν μοι Πολύβιος, ὁ ἐπίσκοπος ὑμῶν, ὃς παρεγένετο θελήματι θεοῦ καὶ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐν Σμύρνῃ καὶ οὕτως μοι συνεχάρη δεδεμένῳ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ὥστε με τὸ πᾶν πλῆθος ὑμῶν ἐν αὐτῷ θεωρεῖσθαι.
Amōmon dianoian kai adiakriton en hypomonę̄ egnōn hymas echontas, ou kata chrēsin alla kata physin, kathōs edēlōsen moi Polybios, ho episkopos hymōn, hos paregeneto thelēmati theou kai Iēsou Christou en Smyrnę̄ kai houtōs moi synecharē dedemenǭ en Christǭ Iēsou, hōste me to pan plēthos hymōn en autǭ theōreisthai.
I have learned that you possess a mind blameless and unwavering in endurance, not from habit but by nature, as your bishop Polybius made clear to me. By the will of God and of Jesus Christ he came to Smyrna, and he so rejoiced with me, a prisoner in Christ Jesus, that in him I saw your whole congregation.
Notes and citation
Summary: The Trallians' bishop Polybius visited Ignatius in Smyrna.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 1.1 (PG 5:676a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/1-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/1-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
1.2Lake, LCL 24:212; PG 5:676a–676b
ἀποδεξάμενος οὖν τὴν κατὰ θεὸν εὔνοιαν διʼ αὐτοῦ ἐδόξασα, εὑρὼν ὑμᾶς, ὡς ἔγνων, μιμητὰς ὄντας θεοῦ.
apodexamenos oun tēn kata theon eunoian diʼ autou edoxasa, heurōn hymas, hōs egnōn, mimētas ontas theou.
Having received, then, through him your godly goodwill, I gave glory, finding you, as I had learned, to be imitators of God.
Eph 5:1 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius praises God for the Trallians' goodwill.
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 1.2 (PG 5:676a–676b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/1-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/1-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 2
2.1Lake, LCL 24:212–214; PG 5:676b
Ὅταν γὰρ τῷ ἐπισκόπῳ ὑποτάσσησθε ὡς Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ, φαίνεσθέ μοι οὐ κατὰ ἄνθρωπον ζῶντες, ἀλλὰ κατὰ Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν τὸν διʼ ἡμᾶς ἀποθανόντα, ἵνα πιστεύσαντες εἰς τὸν θάνατον αὐτοῦ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν ἐκφύγητε.
Hotan gar tǭ episkopǭ hypotassēsthe hōs Iēsou Christǭ, phainesthe moi ou kata anthrōpon zōntes, alla kata Iēsoun Christon ton diʼ hēmas apothanonta, hina pisteusantes eis ton thanaton autou to apothanein ekphygēte.
For when you are subject to the bishop as to Jesus Christ, you appear to me to be living not according to human standards but according to Jesus Christ, who died for us, so that by believing in his death you may escape dying.
Notes and citation
Summary: Obeying the bishop as Christ is living according to Christ, who died for us.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong breathing)): Ἱησοῦ → Ἰησοῦ.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 2.1 (PG 5:676b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/2-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/2-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
2.2Lake, LCL 24:214; PG 5:676b
ἀναγκαῖον οὖν ἐστίν, ὥσπερ ποιεῖτε, ἄνευ τοῦ ἐπισκόπου μηδὲν πράσσειν ὑμᾶς, ἀλλʼ ὑποτάσσεσθαι καὶ τῷ πρεσβυτερίῳ ὡς τοῖς ἀποστόλοις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τῆς ἐλπίδος ἡμῶν, ἐν ᾧ διάγοντες εὑρεθησόμεθα.
anankaion oun estin, hōsper poieite, aneu tou episkopou mēden prassein hymas, allʼ hypotassesthai kai tǭ presbyteriǭ hōs tois apostolois Iēsou Christou tēs elpidos hēmōn, en hǭ diagontes heurethēsometha.
It is necessary, then, as you already do, that you do nothing without the bishop, but that you also be subject to the council of presbyters as to the apostles of Jesus Christ our hope, in whom we shall be found if we live in him.
Notes and citation
Summary: Do nothing without the bishop, and submit to the presbyters as to the apostles.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong accent)): ἐν ᾦ → ἐν ᾧ.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 2.2 (PG 5:676b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/2-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/2-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
2.3Lake, LCL 24:214
δεῖ δὲ καὶ τοὺς διακόνους ὄντας μυστηρίων Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ κατὰ πάντα τρόπον πᾶσιν ἀρέσκειν. οὐ γὰρ βρωμάτων καὶ ποτῶν εἰσιν διάκονοι, ἀλλʼ ἐκκλησίας θεοῦ ὑπηρέται· δέον οὖν αὐτοὺς φυλάσσεσθαι τὰ ἐγκλήματα ὡς πῦρ.
dei de kai tous diakonous ontas mystēriōn Iēsou Christou kata panta tropon pasin areskein. ou gar brōmatōn kai potōn eisin diakonoi, allʼ ekklēsias theou hypēretai; deon oun autous phylassesthai ta enklēmata hōs pyr.
And the deacons, who are deacons of the mysteries of Jesus Christ, must also please everyone in every way. For they are not deacons of food and drink but servants of the church of God. They must therefore guard against accusations as against fire.
1 Cor 4:1 (allusion, medium confidence) · Acts 6:2 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Deacons serve Christ's mysteries, not merely food and drink, and must be above reproach.
- “Not deacons of food and drink”: their office is more than serving at tables (compare Acts 6:2).
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 2.3 (Lake, LCL 24:214; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/2-3).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/2-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 3
3.1Lake, LCL 24:214
Ὁμοίως πάντες ἐντρεπέσθωσαν τοὺς διακόνους ὡς Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, ὡς καὶ τὸν ἐπίσκοπον ὄντα τύπον τοῦ πατρός. τοὺς δὲ πρεσβυτέρους ὡς συνέδριον θεοῦ καὶ ὡς σύνδεσμον ἀποστόλων. χωρὶς τούτων ἐκκλησία οὐ καλεῖται.
Homoiōs pantes entrepesthōsan tous diakonous hōs Iēsoun Christon, hōs kai ton episkopon onta typon tou patros. tous de presbyterous hōs synedrion theou kai hōs syndesmon apostolōn. chōris toutōn ekklēsia ou kaleitai.
Likewise let everyone respect the deacons as Jesus Christ, as also the bishop, who is a type of the Father, and the presbyters as God's council and as the band of the apostles. Without these no church is called a church.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Deacons, bishop, and presbyters together make the church.
- “A type of the Father” (τύπον τοῦ πατρός): an image or representation of the Father.
- Other manuscripts, followed by the Ante-Nicene Fathers translation (1885), read “the deacons as an appointment of Jesus Christ, and the bishop as Jesus Christ, who is the Son of the Father.”
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 3.1 (Lake, LCL 24:214; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/3-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/3-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
3.2Lake, LCL 24:214
περὶ ὧν πέπεισμαι ὑμᾶς οὕτως ἔχειν. τὸ γὰρ ἐξεμπλάριον τῆς ἀγάπης ὑμῶν ἔλαβον καὶ ἔχω μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ ἐν τῷ ἐπισκόπῳ ὑμῶν, οὗ αὐτὸ τὸ κατάστημα μεγάλη μαθητεία, ἡ δὲ πραότης αὐτοῦ δύναμις· ὃν λογίζομαι καὶ τοὺς ἀθέους ἐντρέπεσθαι.
peri hōn pepeismai hymas houtōs echein. to gar exemplarion tēs agapēs hymōn elabon kai echō methʼ heautou en tǭ episkopǭ hymōn, hou auto to katastēma megalē mathēteia, hē de praotēs autou dynamis; hon logizomai kai tous atheous entrepesthai.
I am convinced that you are so disposed. For I have received the living example of your love, and I have it with me in your bishop, whose very bearing is a great lesson and whose gentleness is power; I think even the godless respect him.
Notes and citation
Summary: The bishop's gentle bearing commands respect even from unbelievers.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong breathing)): οὖ αὐτὸ → οὗ αὐτὸ.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 3.2 (Lake, LCL 24:214; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/3-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/3-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
3.3Lake, LCL 24:214–216
ἀγαπῶν ὑμᾶς φείδομαι, συντονώτερον δυνάμενος γράφειν ὑπὲρ τούτου. οὐκ εἰς τοῦτο ᾠήθην, ἵνα ὢν κατάκριτος ὡς ἀπόστολος ὑμῖν διατάσσωμαι.
agapōn hymas pheidomai, syntonōteron dynamenos graphein hyper toutou. ouk eis touto ǭēthēn, hina ōn katakritos hōs apostolos hymin diatassōmai.
Because I love you I spare you, though I could write more sharply on this matter. I did not think myself entitled, being a condemned man, to give you orders as though I were an apostle.
Textual problem in this passage: see the notes.
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius writes gently, not presuming to command as an apostle.
- The wording of the first sentence is uncertain in the manuscripts, and older translations (e.g. the Ante-Nicene Fathers, 1885) follow a quite different reading; the main point, that Ignatius will not command them like an apostle, is the same in all.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong accent)): ὤν κατάκριτος → ὢν κατάκριτος.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 3.3 (Lake, LCL 24:214–216; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/3-3).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/3-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 4
4.1Lake, LCL 24:216
Πολλὰ φρονῶ ἐν θεῷ, ἀλλʼ ἐμαυτὸν μετρῶ, ἵνα μὴ ἐν καυχήσει ἀπόλωμαι. νῦν γάρ με δεῖ πλέον φοβεῖσθαι καὶ μὴ προσέχειν τοῖς φυσιοῦσίν με. οἱ γὰρ λέγοντές μοι μαστιγοῦσίν με.
Polla phronō en theǭ, allʼ emauton metrō, hina mē en kauchēsei apolōmai. nyn gar me dei pleon phobeisthai kai mē prosechein tois physiousin me. hoi gar legontes moi mastigousin me.
I have many thoughts in God, but I measure myself, so that I may not perish through boasting. For now I must be the more afraid and not pay attention to those who puff me up; for those who praise me scourge me.
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius guards himself against pride and flattery.
- “Those who praise me” (οἱ λέγοντές μοι): literally “those who speak to me,” that is, with flattery.
Topics: Martyrdom, Humility and pride
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 4.1 (Lake, LCL 24:216; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/4-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/4-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
4.2Lake, LCL 24:216
ἀγαπῶ μὲν γὰρ τὸ παθεῖν, ἀλλʼ οὐκ οἶδα, εἰ ἄξιός εἰμι. τὸ γὰρ ζῆλος πολλοῖς μὲν οὐ φαίνεται, ἐμὲ δὲ πλέον πολεμεῖ. χρῄζω οὖν πραότητος, ἐν ᾗ καταλύεται ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου.
agapō men gar to pathein, allʼ ouk oida, ei axios eimi. to gar zēlos pollois men ou phainetai, eme de pleon polemei. chrę̄zō oun praotētos, en hę̄ katalyetai ho archōn tou aiōnos toutou.
For I do love to suffer, but I do not know whether I am worthy. For envy is not apparent to many, but it wages war against me all the more. So I need gentleness, by which the ruler of this age is destroyed.
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius longs to suffer but needs gentleness against the devil's hidden attack.
- “Envy” (τὸ ζῆλος): probably the devil's envy; some take it as Ignatius's own eagerness for martyrdom, which could become pride.
Topics: Martyrdom
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 4.2 (Lake, LCL 24:216; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/4-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/4-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 5
5.1Lake, LCL 24:216; PG 5:680a
Μὴ οὐ δύναμαι ὑμῖν τὰ ἐπουράνια γράψαι; ἀλλὰ φοβοῦμαι, μὴ νηπίοις οὖσιν ὑμῖν βλάβην παραθῶ· καὶ συγγνωμονεῖτέ μοι, μήποτε οὐ δυνηθέντες χωρῆσαι στραγγαλωθῆτε.
Mē ou dynamai hymin ta epourania grapsai? alla phoboumai, mē nēpiois ousin hymin blabēn parathō; kai syngnōmoneite moi, mēpote ou dynēthentes chōrēsai strangalōthēte.
Am I not able to write to you about heavenly things? But I am afraid that I might do you harm, since you are infants. Forgive me, lest, being unable to take them in, you choke on them.
1 Cor 3:1 (allusion, high confidence) · 1 Cor 3:2 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius holds back deep teaching for fear of overwhelming his readers.
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 5.1 (PG 5:680a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/5-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/5-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
5.2Lake, LCL 24:216; PG 5:680a
καὶ γὰρ ἐγώ, οὐ καθότι δέδεμαι καὶ δύναμαι νοεῖν τὰ ἐπουράνια καὶ τὰς τοποθεσίας τὰς ἀγγελικὰς καὶ τὰς συστάσεις τὰς ἀρχοντικάς, ὁρατά τε καὶ ἀόρατα, παρὰ τοῦτο ἤδη καὶ μαθητής εἰμι. πολλὰ γὰρ ἡμῖν λείπει, ἵνα θεοῦ μὴ λειπώμεθα.
kai gar egō, ou kathoti dedemai kai dynamai noein ta epourania kai tas topothesias tas angelikas kai tas systaseis tas archontikas, horata te kai aorata, para touto ēdē kai mathētēs eimi. polla gar hēmin leipei, hina theou mē leipōmetha.
For I too, not because I am in chains and can understand heavenly things, the places of the angels and the ranks of the powers, things visible and invisible, not for this reason am I already a disciple. For we lack much, so that we may not lack God.
Col 1:16 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Knowing heavenly mysteries does not make one a true disciple.
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 5.2 (PG 5:680a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/5-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/5-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 6
6.1Lake, LCL 24:216–218; PG 5:680a
Παρακαλῶ οὖν ὑμᾶς, οὐκ ἐγώ, ἀλλʼ ἡ ἀγάπη Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ· μόνῃ τῇ χριστιανῇ τροφῇ χρῆσθε, ἀλλοτρίας δὲ βοτάνης ἀπέχεσθε, ἥτις ἐστὶν αἵρεσις·
Parakalō oun hymas, ouk egō, allʼ hē agapē Iēsou Christou; monę̄ tę̄ christianę̄ trophę̄ chrēsthe, allotrias de botanēs apechesthe, hētis estin hairesis;
I urge you, then (not I, but the love of Jesus Christ): use only Christian food, and keep away from a foreign plant, which is heresy.
Notes and citation
Summary: Feed only on Christian teaching and avoid heresy.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 6.1 (PG 5:680a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/6-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/6-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
6.2Lake, LCL 24:218
οἳ ἑαυτοῖς παρεμπλέκουσιν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν καταξιοπιστευόμενοι, ὥσπερ θανάσιμον φάρμακον διδόντες μετὰ οἰνομέλιτος, ὅπερ ὁ ἀγνοῶν ἡδέως λαμβάνει ἐν ἡδονῇ κακῇ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν.
hoi heautois paremplekousin Iēsoun Christon kataxiopisteuomenoi, hōsper thanasimon pharmakon didontes meta oinomelitos, hoper ho agnoōn hēdeōs lambanei en hēdonę̄ kakę̄ to apothanein.
These people mix Jesus Christ in with themselves, while passing themselves off as trustworthy. They are like those who give a deadly poison with honeyed wine, which the unsuspecting person gladly takes, and with wicked pleasure takes his death.
Notes and citation
Summary: False teachers disguise poison with sweet words about Christ.
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 6.2 (Lake, LCL 24:218; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/6-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/6-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 7
7.1Lake, LCL 24:218; PG 5:680b
Φυλάττεσθε οὖν τοὺς τοιούτους. τοῦτο δὲ ἔσται ὑμῖν μὴ φυσιουμένοις καὶ οὖσιν ἀχωρίστοις θεοῦ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἐπισκόπου καὶ τῶν διαταγμάτων τῶν ἀποστόλων.
Phylattesthe oun tous toioutous. touto de estai hymin mē physioumenois kai ousin achōristois theou Iēsou Christou kai tou episkopou kai tōn diatagmatōn tōn apostolōn.
Be on your guard, then, against such people. And you will be, if you are not puffed up and are inseparable from God, Jesus Christ, and from the bishop and the ordinances of the apostles.
Notes and citation
Summary: Stay close to God, the bishop, and the apostles' teaching.
- “God, Jesus Christ” (θεοῦ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ): or “our God Jesus Christ” or “God and Jesus Christ.”
Topics: Heresy, Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 7.1 (PG 5:680b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/7-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/7-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
7.2Lake, LCL 24:218; PG 5:680b–681a
ὁ ἐντὸς θυσιαστηρίου ὢν καθαρός ἐστιν· ὁ δὲ ἐκτὸς θυσιαστηρίου ὢν οὐ καθαρός ἐστιν. τοῦτʼ ἔστιν, ὁ χωρὶς ἐπισκόπου καὶ πρεσβυτερίου καὶ διακόνων πράσσων τι, οὗτος οὐ καθαρός ἐστιν τῇ συνειδήσει.
ho entos thysiastēriou ōn katharos estin; ho de ektos thysiastēriou ōn ou katharos estin. toutʼ estin, ho chōris episkopou kai presbyteriou kai diakonōn prassōn ti, houtos ou katharos estin tę̄ syneidēsei.
Whoever is within the sanctuary is pure; but whoever is outside the sanctuary is not pure. That is, whoever does anything without the bishop and the council of presbyters and the deacons is not pure in conscience.
Notes and citation
Summary: Acting apart from the bishop, presbyters, and deacons defiles the conscience.
- “Sanctuary” (θυσιαστηρίου): see the note on Ign. Eph. 5.2.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong accent)): θυσιαστηρίου ὤν οὐ → θυσιαστηρίου ὢν οὐ.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 7.2 (PG 5:680b–681a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/7-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/7-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 8
8.1Lake, LCL 24:218; PG 5:681a
Οὐκ ἐπεὶ ἔγνων τοιοῦτόν τι ἐν ὑμῖν, ἀλλὰ προφυλάσσω ὑμᾶς ὄντας μου ἀγαπητούς, προορῶν τὰς ἐνέδρας τοῦ διαβόλου. ὑμεῖς οὖν τὴν πραϋπάθειαν ἀναλαβόντες ἀνακτήσασθε ἑαυτοὺς ἐν πίστει, ὅ ἐστιν σὰρξ τοῦ κυρίου, καὶ ἐν ἀγάπῃ, ὅ ἐστιν αἷμα Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.
Ouk epei egnōn toiouton ti en hymin, alla prophylassō hymas ontas mou agapētous, proorōn tas enedras tou diabolou. hymeis oun tēn praÿpatheian analabontes anaktēsasthe heautous en pistei, ho estin sarx tou kyriou, kai en agapę̄, ho estin haima Iēsou Christou.
Not that I have learned of any such thing among you; but I am guarding you in advance, since you are my beloved, foreseeing the snares of the devil. So take up gentleness and renew yourselves in faith, which is the flesh of the Lord, and in love, which is the blood of Jesus Christ.
Notes and citation
Summary: Renew yourselves in faith and love, which are Christ's flesh and blood.
- “Faith … the flesh of the Lord … love … the blood of Jesus Christ”: faith and love are pictured as the believer's nourishment, perhaps with a Eucharistic overtone.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (punctuation slip in the digital text (missing comma); punctuation slip in the digital text (the sentence continues)): ἀγαπητούς. προορῶν → ἀγαπητούς, προορῶν; ἐν πίστει ὅ ἐστιν → ἐν πίστει, ὅ ἐστιν.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 8.1 (PG 5:681a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/8-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/8-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
8.2Lake, LCL 24:218–220; PG 5:681a
μηδεὶς ὑμῶν κατὰ τοῦ πλησίον ἐχέτω. μὴ ἀφορμὰς δίδοτε τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, ἵνα μὴ διʼ ὀλίγους ἄφρονας τὸ ἐν θεῷ πλῆθος βλασφημῆται. Οὐαὶ γάρ, διʼ οὗ ἐπὶ ματαιότητι τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐπί τινων βλασφημεῖται.
mēdeis hymōn kata tou plēsion echetō. mē aphormas didote tois ethnesin, hina mē diʼ oligous aphronas to en theǭ plēthos blasphēmētai. Ouai gar, diʼ hou epi mataiotēti to onoma mou epi tinōn blasphēmeitai.
Let none of you hold anything against his neighbor. Do not give the Gentiles occasions for offense, so that the godly multitude may not be blasphemed because of a few fools. For “Woe to him through whom my name is blasphemed in vain among some.”
Isa 52:5 (quotation, medium confidence) · Rom 2:24 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Avoid quarrels that give outsiders reason to blaspheme God's name.
- The quotation is a free form of Isa 52:5 (compare Rom 2:24).
Topics: Ethics
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 8.2 (PG 5:681a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/8-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/8-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 9
9.1Lake, LCL 24:220; PG 5:681b
Κωφώθητε οὖν, ὅταν ὑμῖν χωρὶς Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ λαλῇ τις, τοῦ ἐκ γένους Δαυείδ, τοῦ ἐκ Μαρίας, ὃς ἀληθῶς ἐγεννήθη, ἔφαγέν τε καὶ ἔπιεν, ἀληθῶς ἐδιώχθη ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πιλάτου, ἀληθῶς ἐσταυρώθη καὶ ἀπέθανεν, βλεπόντων τῶν ἐπουρανίων καὶ ἐπιγείων καὶ ὑποχθονίων.
Kōphōthēte oun, hotan hymin chōris Iēsou Christou lalę̄ tis, tou ek genous Daueid, tou ek Marias, hos alēthōs egennēthē, ephagen te kai epien, alēthōs ediōchthē epi Pontiou Pilatou, alēthōs estaurōthē kai apethanen, blepontōn tōn epouraniōn kai epigeiōn kai hypochthoniōn.
Be deaf, then, when anyone speaks to you apart from Jesus Christ, who was of the family of David, who was of Mary, who was truly born, who ate and drank, who was truly persecuted under Pontius Pilate, was truly crucified and died, while those in heaven and on earth and under the earth looked on;
Rom 1:3 (echo, medium confidence) · Phil 2:10 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ was truly born, truly suffered, and truly died.
- The repeated “truly” (ἀληθῶς) answers the docetists, who said Christ only seemed to suffer (10.1).
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong ending)): Ποντίου Πιλάτον → Ποντίου Πιλάτου.
Topics: Christology, Heresy
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 9.1 (PG 5:681b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/9-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/9-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
9.2Lake, LCL 24:220; PG 5:681b
ὃς καὶ ἀληθῶς ἠγέρθη ἀπὸ νεκρῶν, ἐγείραντος αὐτὸν τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, κατὰ τὸ ὁμοίωμα ὃς καὶ ἡμᾶς τοὺς πιστεύοντας αὐτῷ οὕτως ἐγερεῖ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, οὗ χωρὶς τὸ ἀληθινὸν ζῆν οὐκ ἔχομεν.
hos kai alēthōs ēgerthē apo nekrōn, egeirantos auton tou patros autou, kata to homoiōma hos kai hēmas tous pisteuontas autǭ houtōs egerei ho patēr autou en Christǭ Iēsou, hou chōris to alēthinon zēn ouk echomen.
who was also truly raised from the dead, his Father raising him; and in the same way his Father will also raise us who believe in him in Christ Jesus, apart from whom we do not have true life.
2 Cor 4:14 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Cor 15:20 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Christ truly rose, and the Father will raise believers in the same way.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (punctuation slip in the digital text (the sentence continues)): νεκρῶν. ἐγείραντος → νεκρῶν, ἐγείραντος.
Topics: Christology, Eschatology, Resurrection and ascension of Christ, Resurrection of the body
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 9.2 (PG 5:681b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/9-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/9-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 10
10.1Lake, LCL 24:220–222; PG 5:681b–681c
Εἰ δέ, ὥσπερ τινὲς ἄθεοι ὄντες, τουτέστιν ἄπιστοι, λέγουσιν, τὸ δοκεῖν πεπονθέναι αὐτόν, αὐτοὶ ὄντες τὸ δοκεῖν, ἐγὼ τί δέδεμαι, τί δὲ καὶ εὔχομαι θηριομαχῆσαι; δωρεὰν οὖν ἀποθνήσκω. ἄρα οὖν καταψεύδομαι τοῦ κυρίου.
Ei de, hōsper tines atheoi ontes, toutestin apistoi, legousin, to dokein peponthenai auton, autoi ontes to dokein, egō ti dedemai, ti de kai euchomai thēriomachēsai? dōrean oun apothnēskō. ara oun katapseudomai tou kyriou.
But if, as some who are godless (that is, unbelievers) say, he suffered only in appearance (it is they who exist only in appearance!), why am I in chains? Why do I even pray to fight the wild beasts? Then I die for nothing. Then indeed I am lying about the Lord.
1 Cor 15:14 (echo, medium confidence) · Gal 2:21 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: If Christ only seemed to suffer, Ignatius's martyrdom would be pointless.
- “In appearance” (τὸ δοκεῖν): the teaching later called docetism, from this verb (“to seem”).
Topics: Christology, Heresy, Martyrdom, Passion and death of Christ
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 10.1 (PG 5:681b–681c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/10-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/10-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 11
11.1Lake, LCL 24:222; PG 5:684a
Φεύγετε οὖν τὰς κακὰς παραφυάδας τὰς γεννώσας καρπὸν θανατηφόρον, οὗ ἐὰν γεύσηταί τις, παρʼ αὐτὰ ἀποθνήσκει. οὗτοι γὰρ οὔκ εἰσιν φυτεία πατρός.
Pheugete oun tas kakas paraphyadas tas gennōsas karpon thanatēphoron, hou ean geusētai tis, parʼ auta apothnēskei. houtoi gar ouk eisin phyteia patros.
Flee, then, the evil offshoots that bear deadly fruit; if anyone tastes it, he dies on the spot. For these are not the Father's planting.
Matt 15:13 (allusion, high confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: False teachers are poisonous growths, not the Father's planting.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (final full stop lost where the transcription left the next section's number in the text): φυτεία πατρός → φυτεία πατρός..
Topics: Heresy
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 11.1 (PG 5:684a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/11-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/11-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
11.2Lake, LCL 24:222; PG 5:684a
εἰ γὰρ ἦσαν, ἐφαίνοντο ἂν κλάδοι τοῦ σταυροῦ, καὶ ἦν ἂν ὁ καρπὸς αὐτῶν ἄφθαρτος· διʼ οὗ ἐν τῷ πάθει αὐτοῦ προσκαλεῖται ὑμᾶς ὄντας μέλη αὐτοῦ. οὐ δύναται οὖν κεφαλὴ χωρὶς γεννηθῆναι ἄνευ μελῶν, τοῦ θεοῦ ἕνωσιν ἐπαγγελλομένου, ὅ ἐστιν αὐτός.
ei gar ēsan, ephainonto an kladoi tou staurou, kai ēn an ho karpos autōn aphthartos; diʼ hou en tǭ pathei autou proskaleitai hymas ontas melē autou. ou dynatai oun kephalē chōris gennēthēnai aneu melōn, tou theou henōsin epangellomenou, ho estin autos.
For if they were, they would appear as branches of the cross, and their fruit would be incorruptible. Through the cross, in his suffering, he calls you, who are his members. So a head cannot be born by itself without members, since God promises union, which is himself.
1 Cor 12:27 (echo, low confidence) · Eph 5:30 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: True believers are branches of the cross and members of Christ, their head.
- “Through the cross” (διʼ οὗ): literally “through which,” referring back to the cross.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong letter)): προσκαλεῖταν → προσκαλεῖται.
Topics: Christology
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 11.2 (PG 5:684a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/11-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/11-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 12
12.1Lake, LCL 24:222
Ἀσπάζομαι ὑμᾶς ἀπὸ Σμύρνης ἅμα ταῖς συμπαρούσαις μοι ἐκκλησίαις τοῦ θεοῦ, οἳ κατὰ πάντα με ἀνέπαυσαν σαρκί τε καὶ πνεύματι.
Aspazomai hymas apo Smyrnēs hama tais symparousais moi ekklēsiais tou theou, hoi kata panta me anepausan sarki te kai pneumati.
I greet you from Smyrna, together with the churches of God that are present with me, who have refreshed me in every way, in flesh and in spirit.
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius sends greetings from Smyrna.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong accent)): οἲ κατὰ → οἳ κατὰ.
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 12.1 (Lake, LCL 24:222; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/12-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/12-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
12.2Lake, LCL 24:222; PG 5:684a–684b
παρακαλεῖ ὑμᾶς τὰ δεσμά μου, ἃ ἕνεκεν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ περιφέρω, αἰτούμενος θεοῦ ἐπιτυχεῖν· διαμένετε ἐν τῇ ὁμονοίᾳ ὑμῶν καὶ τῇ μετʼ ἀλλήλων προσευχῇ. πρέπει γὰρ ὑμῖν τοῖς καθʼ ἕνα, ἐξαιρέτως καὶ τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις, ἀναψύχειν τὸν ἐπίσκοπον εἰς τιμὴν πατρός, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ τῶν ἀποστόλων.
parakalei hymas ta desma mou, ha heneken Iēsou Christou peripherō, aitoumenos theou epitychein; diamenete en tę̄ homonoią hymōn kai tę̄ metʼ allēlōn proseuchę̄. prepei gar hymin tois kathʼ hena, exairetōs kai tois presbyterois, anapsychein ton episkopon eis timēn patros, Iēsou Christou kai tōn apostolōn.
My chains, which I carry about for the sake of Jesus Christ, asking to attain to God, exhort you: remain in your concord and in prayer with one another. For it is fitting for each of you, and especially the presbyters, to refresh the bishop, to the honor of the Father, of Jesus Christ, and of the apostles.
Notes and citation
Summary: Stay united in prayer and support your bishop.
Topics: Church office, Prayer
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 12.2 (PG 5:684a–684b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/12-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/12-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
12.3Lake, LCL 24:222–224; PG 5:684b
εὔχομαι ὑμᾶς ἐν ἀγάπῃ ἀκοῦσαί μου, ἵνα μὴ εἰς μαρτύριον ὦ ἐν ὑμῖν γράψας. καὶ περὶ ἐμοῦ δὲ προσεύχεσθε, τῆς ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἀγάπης χρῄζοντος ἐν τῷ ἐλέει τοῦ θεοῦ, εἰς τὸ καταξιωθῆναί με τοῦ κλήρου, οὗ περίκειμαι ἐπιτυχεῖν, ἵνα μὴ ἀδόκιμος εὑρεθῶ.
euchomai hymas en agapę̄ akousai mou, hina mē eis martyrion ō en hymin grapsas. kai peri emou de proseuchesthe, tēs aphʼ hymōn agapēs chrę̄zontos en tǭ eleei tou theou, eis to kataxiōthēnai me tou klērou, hou perikeimai epitychein, hina mē adokimos heurethō.
I pray that you listen to me in love, so that I may not be a testimony against you by what I have written. And pray for me too, since I need your love in the mercy of God, so that I may be counted worthy of the lot that I am eager to attain, so that I may not be found disqualified.
1 Cor 9:27 (allusion, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius asks for prayer that he may be found worthy of martyrdom.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong breathing and accent); digitization slip against Lake's printed text (wrong breathing); punctuation slip at the end of the section in the digital text): μὴ εἶς μαρτύριον → μὴ εἰς μαρτύριον; οὖ περίκειμαι → οὗ περίκειμαι; εὑρεθῶ, → εὑρεθῶ..
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 12.3 (PG 5:684b; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/12-3).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/12-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
Chapter 13
13.1Lake, LCL 24:224; PG 5:684b–684c
Ἀσπάζεται ὑμᾶς ἡ ἀγάπη Σμυρναίων καὶ Ἐφεσίων. μνημονεύετε ἐν ταῖς προσευχαῖς ὑμῶν τῆς ἐν Συρίᾳ ἐκκλησίας, ὅθεν καὶ οὐκ ἄξιός εἰμι λέγεσθαι, ὢν ἔσχατος ἐκείνων.
Aspazetai hymas hē agapē Smyrnaiōn kai Ephesiōn. mnēmoneuete en tais proseuchais hymōn tēs en Syrią ekklēsias, hothen kai ouk axios eimi legesthai, ōn eschatos ekeinōn.
The love of the Smyrnaeans and Ephesians greets you. Remember in your prayers the church in Syria, of which I am not worthy to be called a member, being the least of them.
1 Cor 15:9 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Greetings; pray for the church in Syria.
Topics: Prayer
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 13.1 (PG 5:684b–684c; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/13-1).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/13-1
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
13.2Lake, LCL 24:224; PG 5:685a
ἔρρωσθε ἐν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ, ὑποτασσόμενοι τῷ ἐπισκόπῳ ὡς τῇ ἐντολῇ, ὁμοίως καὶ τῷ πρεσβυτερίῳ. καὶ οἱ κατʼ ἄνδρα ἀλλήλους ἀγαπᾶτε ἐν ἀμερίστῳ καρδίᾳ.
errōsthe en Iēsou Christǭ, hypotassomenoi tǭ episkopǭ hōs tę̄ entolę̄, homoiōs kai tǭ presbyteriǭ. kai hoi katʼ andra allēlous agapate en ameristǭ kardią.
Farewell in Jesus Christ, being subject to the bishop as to the commandment, and likewise to the council of presbyters. And each of you, love one another with an undivided heart.
Notes and citation
Summary: Farewell: obey the bishop and presbyters, and love one another.
Topics: Church office
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 13.2 (PG 5:685a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/13-2).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/13-2
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.
13.3Lake, LCL 24:224; PG 5:685a
ἁγνίζεται ὑμῶν τὸ ἐμὸν πνεῦμα οὐ μόνον νῦν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅταν θεοῦ ἐπιτύχω. ἔτι γὰρ ὑπὸ κίνδυνόν εἰμι· ἀλλὰ πιστὸς ὁ πατὴρ ἐν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ πληρῶσαί μου τὴν αἴτησιν καὶ ὑμῶν, ἐν ᾧ εὑρεθείητε ἄμωμοι.
hagnizetai hymōn to emon pneuma ou monon nyn, alla kai hotan theou epitychō. eti gar hypo kindynon eimi; alla pistos ho patēr en Iēsou Christǭ plērōsai mou tēn aitēsin kai hymōn, en hǭ heuretheiēte amōmoi.
My spirit is offered for you, not only now but also when I attain to God. For I am still in danger; but the Father is faithful in Jesus Christ to fulfill my request and yours. In him may you be found blameless.
1 Thess 5:24 (echo, medium confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Ignatius offers himself for the Trallians and trusts the faithful Father.
- “Is offered for you” (ἁγνίζεται ὑμῶν): see the note on Ign. Eph. 8.1.
- Older translations take it the other way round (the Ante-Nicene Fathers, 1885: “Let my spirit be sanctified by yours”).
Topics: Martyrdom
Cite (SBL): Ign. Trall. 13.3 (PG 5:685a; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/13-3).
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/ign-trallians/13-3
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Translation: Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Lake (LCL 24, 1912); made independently of existing English translations.