Isaiah 19 in the early church
[Vulgate: Isaias]
68 passages quote, allude to, or echo Isaiah 19, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 11 · 13 · 14 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 24 · 25
Isaiah 19:1
This is the burden against Egypt: Behold, the LORD rides on a swift cloud; He is coming to Egypt. The idols of Egypt will tremble before Him, and the hearts of the Egyptians will melt within them.
Isaiah 19:2
“So I will incite Egyptian against Egyptian; brother will fight against brother, neighbor against neighbor, city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:2 | Demonstration of the Gospel 6.20.13 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 19:2 | Demonstration of the Gospel 6.20.16 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 19:2–3 | Demonstration of the Gospel 6.20.17 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 19:2 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
Isaiah 19:3
Then the spirit of the Egyptians will be emptied out from among them, and I will frustrate their plans, so that they will resort to idols and spirits of the dead, to mediums and spiritists.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:3–4 | Demonstration of the Gospel 6.20.19 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 19:3 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
Isaiah 19:4
I will deliver the Egyptians into the hands of a harsh master, and a fierce king will rule over them,” declares the Lord GOD of Hosts.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:4 | Demonstration of the Gospel 6.20.20 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 19:4 | Demonstration of the Gospel 6.20.21 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 19:11
The princes of Zoan are mere fools; Pharaoh’s wise counselors give senseless advice. How can you say to Pharaoh, “I am one of the wise, a son of eastern kings”?
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:11 | Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
Isaiah 19:13
The princes of Zoan have become fools; the princes of Memphis are deceived. The cornerstones of her tribes have led Egypt astray.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:13 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 24.1.3 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, medium confidence | 374-377 |
Isaiah 19:14
The LORD has poured into her a spirit of confusion. Egypt has been led astray in all she does, as a drunkard staggers through his own vomit.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:14 | Homilies on Jeremiah 20.3 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240 |
| Isa 19:14 | Demonstration of the Gospel 10.2.13 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, low confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 19:18
In that day five cities in the land of Egypt will speak the language of Canaan and swear allegiance to the LORD of Hosts. One of them will be called the City of the Sun.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:18 | Homilies on Joshua 19.4 · Origen | allusion, low confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Isa 19:18 | Letter 108.14 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Isaiah 19:19
In that day there will be an altar to the LORD in the center of the land of Egypt, and a pillar to the LORD near her border.
Isaiah 19:20
It will be a sign and a witness to the LORD of Hosts in the land of Egypt. When they cry out to the LORD because of their oppressors, He will send them a savior and defender to rescue them.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:20 | Prophetic Extracts 16.2 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200 |
| Isa 19:20 | Prophetic Extracts 4.11 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Isa 19:20 | Divine Institutes 4.13.10 · Lactantius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 303–311 |
| Isa 19:20 | Epitome of the Divine Institutes 39.6 · Lactantius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–320 |
| Isa 19:20 | Demonstration of the Gospel 1.6.52 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 19:20 | Demonstration of the Gospel 8.5.5 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 19:20 | Commentary on Romans 3:21 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Isa 19:20 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Isa 19:20 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 48.13.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
Isaiah 19:21
The LORD will make Himself known to Egypt, and on that day Egypt will acknowledge the LORD. They will worship with sacrifices and offerings; they will make vows to the LORD and fulfill them.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:21 | Prophetic Extracts 4.11 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | before 325 (probably ca. 310–320) |
| Isa 19:21 | Demonstration of the Gospel 2.3.33 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Isa 19:21 | Demonstration of the Gospel 9.2.2 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 314–324 |
Isaiah 19:24
In that day Israel will join a three-party alliance with Egypt and Assyria—a blessing upon the earth.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:24 | Dialogue with Trypho 123.5 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
Isaiah 19:25
The LORD of Hosts will bless them, saying, “Blessed be Egypt My people, Assyria My handiwork, and Israel My inheritance.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 19:25 | Dialogue with Trypho 123.5 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |