Against Celsus 4.2
Summary: Celsus mocks both Christians and Jews for expecting a divine judge to come to earth, but he never engages the actual prophecies about Christ; and Jews do not say the coming Messiah is God.
Greek text · Koetschau 1:274–275
Ὅτι δὲ καὶ Χριστιανῶν τινες καὶ Ἰουδαῖοι, οἱ μὲν καταβεβηκέναι (λέγουσιν, ) οἱ δὲ καταβήσεσθαι εἰς τὴν γῆν τινα θεὸν ἢ θεοῦ υἱὸν τῶν τῇδε δικαιωτὴν, τοῦτʼ αἴσχιστον, καὶ οὐδὲ δεῖται μακροῦ λόγου ὁ ἔλεγχος. καὶ δοκεῖ γε ἀκριβῶς περὶ μὲν Ἰουδαίων οὐ τινῶν ἀλλὰ πάντων λέγειν ὅτι οἴονταί τινα καταβήσεσθαι ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, περὶ δὲ Χριστιανῶν ὅτι τινὲς αὐτῶν καταβεβηκέναι λέγουσιν. ἐμφαίνει γὰρ τοὺς ἀπὸ Ἰουδαϊκῶν γραφῶν κατασκευάζοντας τὴν Χριστοῦ ἐπιδημίαν ὡς ἤδη γεγενημένην, καὶ ἔοικεν εἰδέναι ὅτι εἰσί τινες αἱρέσεις ἀρνούμεναι Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν εἶναι τὸν πεπροφητευμένον. ἤδη μὲν οὖν καὶ ἐν τοῖς προτέροις περὶ τοῦ πεπροφητεῦσθαι τὸν Χριστὸν κατὰ δύναμιν διειλήφαμεν, διὸ τὰ πολλὰ τῶν δυναμένων λέγεσθαι εἰς τὸν τόπον οὐκ ἐπαναλαμβάνομεν, ἵνα μὴ παλιλλογῶμεν. ὅρα δὴ ὅτι, εἴπερ μετά τινος κἂν δοκούσης ἀκολουθίας ἐβούλετο ἀνατρέπειν τὴν περὶ τῶν προφητειῶν (ἢ) περὶ τοῦ ἐπιδημήσειν ἢ ἐπιδεδημηκέναι τὸν Χριστὸν πίστιν, ἐχρῆν αὐτὸν αὐτὰς ἐκθέσθαι τὰς προφητείας. αἷς ἐν τῷ διαλέγεσθαι πρὸς ἀλλήλους χρώμεθα Χριστιανοὶ καὶ Ἰουδαῖοι· οὕτως γὰρ ἂν κἂν ἔδοξε τοὺς περισπωμένους ὑπὸ τῆς, ὡς οἴεται, πιθανότητος [δοκεῖν] ἀνατρέπειν ἀπὸ τῆς πρὸς τὰ προφητικὰ συγκαταθέσεως καὶ τῆς διὰ τὰ προφητικὰ εἰς τὸν Ἰησοῦν ὡς ὄντα Χριστὸν πίστεως· νυνὶ δὲ ἤτοι μὴ δυνάμενος ἀπαντῆσαι πρὸς τὰς περὶ Χριστοῦ προφητείας (ἢ) μηδὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν εἰδὼς, τίνα ἐστὶ τὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ προφητευόμενα, οὐδεμίαν μὲν λέξιν τίθησι προφητικὴν, καίτοι γε μυρίαι ὅσαι εἰσὶ περὶ Χριστοῦ, κατηγορεῖν δὲ οἴεται τῶν προφητικῶν, μηδʼ ἣν εἴποι ἂν ἐκεῖνος πιθανότητα αὐτῶν ἐκθέμενος. οὐκ οἶδε μέντοι γε ὅτι οὐ πάνυ τι Ἰουδαῖοι λέγουσι θεὸν ὄντα τὸν Χριστὸν καταβήσεσθαι ἢ θεοῦ υἱὸν, ὡς καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἀνωτέρω εἰρήκαμεν.
English · Claude translation
“That some Christians and Jews say, the former that some god or son of God has come down to earth, the latter that he will come down, as judge of the things here, is most shameful, and the refutation does not need a long argument.” He seems to speak accurately about the Jews, not some but all, that they think someone will come down to earth; but about the Christians, that some of them say he has come down. For he is pointing to those who establish from the Jewish Scriptures that the coming of Christ has already taken place, and he seems to know that there are some heresies that deny that Christ Jesus is the one prophesied. We have already discussed, as far as we could, in the earlier books the prophecies of Christ; therefore we do not repeat much of what could be said on this subject, so as not to say the same things twice. But notice that if he wanted, with at least an appearance of consistency, to overturn faith in the prophecies, or in the coming or the having come of Christ, he ought to have set out the very prophecies which we Christians and Jews use in debating with one another. For in that way he might at least have seemed to turn those distracted by what he thinks is persuasive away from assent to the prophecies and from faith in Jesus as Christ on account of the prophecies. But as it is, either unable to answer the prophecies about Christ or not even knowing at all what the prophecies about him are, he quotes not a single prophetic saying, though there are countless ones about Christ, and thinks he is accusing the prophecies without setting out even the persuasiveness he might claim for his view. He does not know, however, that the Jews do not by any means say that the Christ who will come down is God or the Son of God, as we have said above too.
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The first sentence is Celsus's words. “Heresies” (αἱρέσεις) refers to groups such as the Marcionites, who denied that Jesus was the Christ foretold by the prophets.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (missing breathing and accent in the digital text): Χριστιανῶν οτι τινὲς → Χριστιανῶν ὅτι τινὲς.
Cite this passage
Origen, Cels. 4.2 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/4/2/).
Plain text
Origen, Cels. 4.2 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/4/2/).
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