Sophia Scriptura

Epistle of Barnabas in the early church

An early Christian writing, cited by later writers on this site. Read the work.

Read as Scripture by some early Christians: it is bound with the New Testament in Codex Sinaiticus (4th century), Clement of Alexandria calls its author “the apostle Barnabas”, and Origen calls it a “catholic epistle”.

38 passages cite it, in date order.

PassageCitesKindDate
Dialogue with Trypho 40.4 · Justin Martyr7.6–11echo, medium confidenceca. 155–160
Dialogue with Trypho 81.3 · Justin Martyr15.4echo, medium confidenceca. 155–160
Dialogue with Trypho 90.4 · Justin Martyr12.2echo, medium confidenceca. 155–160
The Instructor 2.10.83 · Clement of Alexandria10.6–7quotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
The Instructor 3.11.75 · Clement of Alexandria10.3echo, medium confidenceca. 190–200
The Instructor 3.11.76 · Clement of Alexandria10.4echo, medium confidenceca. 190–200
The Instructor 3.11.76 · Clement of Alexandria10.11echo, medium confidenceca. 190–200
The Instructor 3.12.89 · Clement of Alexandria19.4echo, medium confidenceca. 190–200
The Instructor 3.12.90 · Clement of Alexandria2.10echo, low confidenceca. 190–200
Exhortation to the Greeks 10.108 · Clement of Alexandria19.4quotation, medium confidenceca. 190–200
Miscellanies 2.6.31 · Clement of Alexandria1.5; 2.2–3quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 2.7.35 · Clement of Alexandria4.11quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 2.15.67 · Clement of Alexandria10.10quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 2.18.84 · Clement of Alexandria21.5–6, 9quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 2.20.116 · Clement of Alexandria16.7quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 2.20.117 · Clement of Alexandria16.8–9quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 5.8.51 · Clement of Alexandria10.1, 11–12quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 5.8.52 · Clement of Alexandria10.4quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 5.10.63 · Clement of Alexandria1.5quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 5.10.63 · Clement of Alexandria6.8–10quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 6.8.65 · Clement of Alexandria6.10quotation, high confidenceca. 198–203
Miscellanies 6.11.84 · Clement of Alexandria9.8allusion, high confidenceca. 198–203
Against the Jews 14 · Tertullian7echo, low confidenceca. 197–207
Against Marcion 3.7 · Tertullian7.6allusion, low confidence207/208 (third edition, completed later)
On First Principles 3.2.4 · Origen18.1allusion, high confidenceca. 220–230 (Rufinus's translation 398)
On the Computation of Easter 10 · Anonymous9.8echo, medium confidence243
Against Celsus 1.63 · Origen5.9quotation, high confidenceca. 248
On Jewish Foods 3 · Novatian10.1echo, medium confidenceca. 250–258
Symposium 5.6 · Methodius of Olympus10.7echo, low confidencelate 3rd century
Apostolic Church Order 4 · Anonymous18.1allusion, medium confidenceca. 300
Apostolic Church Order 6 · Anonymous19allusion, medium confidenceca. 300
Apostolic Church Order 14 · Anonymous21.2-6quotation, high confidenceca. 300
Church History 3.25.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea—allusion, high confidenceca. 300–325
Church History 6.13.6 · Eusebius of Caesarea—allusion, high confidenceca. 300–325
Church History 6.14.1 · Eusebius of Caesarea—allusion, medium confidenceca. 300–325
Epitome of the Divine Institutes 65.9 · Lactantius15.4echo, medium confidenceca. 314–320
On the Christian Faith 1.18 · Ambrose9.8echo, low confidenceca. 378–380
On Illustrious Men 6 · Jerome—allusion, high confidence392–393