Miscellanies 6.9.71
Summary: The one who knows feels only the bodily needs of hunger and thirst; Christ ate only to prove his real body, and the apostles, after the resurrection, rose above even the good emotions, needing neither boldness, cheer, anger, nor zeal.
Greek text · Stählin 2:467
Τοιοῦτος γὰρ ὁ γνωστικός, ὡς μόνοις τοῖς διὰ τὴν διαμονὴν τοῦ σώματος γινομένοις πάθεσι περιπίπτειν, οἷον πείνῃ, δίψει καὶ τοῖς ὁμοίοις. ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ μὲν τοῦ σωτῆρος τὸ σῶμα ἀπαιτεῖν ὡς σῶμα τὰς ἀναγκαίας ὑπηρεσίας εἰς διαμονήν, γέλως ἂν εἴη· ἔφαγεν γὰρ οὐ διὰ τὸ σῶμα, δυνάμει συνεχόμενον ἁγίᾳ, ἀλλʼ ὡς μὴ τοὺς συνόντας ἄλλως περὶ αὐτοῦ φρονεῖν ὑπεισέλθοι, ὥσπερ ἀμέλει ὕστερον δοκήσει τινὲς αὐτὸν πεφανερῶσθαι ὑπέλαβον· αὐτὸς δὲ ἁπαξαπλῶς ἀπαθὴς ἦν, εἰς ὃν οὐδὲν παρεισδύεται κίνημα παθητικὸν οὔτε ἡδονὴ οὔτε λύπη. οἱ δὲ ἀπόστολοι ὀργῆς καὶ φόβου καὶ ἐπιθυμίας διὰ τῆς κυριακῆς διδασκαλίας γνωστικώτερον κρατήσαντες καὶ τὰ δοκοῦντα ἀγαθὰ τῶν παθητικῶν κινημάτων, οἷον θάρσος, ζῆλον, χαράν, εὐθυμίαν, οὐδὲ αὐτὰ ἀνεδέξαντο, ἐμπέδῳ τινὶ τῆς διανοίας καταστάσει μηδὲ καθʼ ὁτιοῦν μεταβαλλόμενοι, ἀλλʼ ἐν ἕξει ἀσκήσεως ἀεὶ μένοντες ἀναλλοίωτοι μετά γε τὴν τοῦ κυρίου ἀνάστασιν. κἂν γὰρ μετὰ λόγου γινόμενα τὰ προειρημένα ἀγαθά τις ἐκδέχηται, ἀλλʼ οὖν γε ἐπὶ τοῦ τελείου οὐ παραδεκτέον, ὃς οὔτε θαρσεῖν ἔχει (οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐν δεινοῖς γίνεται, μηδὲν δεινὸν ἡγούμενος τῶν ἐν τῷ βίῳ, οὐδὲ ἀποστῆσαί τι καὶ ἄνευ τούτου αὐτὸν τῆς πρὸς τὸν θεὸν ἀγάπης δύναται), οὔτε εὐθυμίας χρεία ἐστίν (οὐδὲ γὰρ εἰς λύπην ἐμπίπτει, πάντα καλῶς γίνεσθαι πεπεισμένος) οὐδὲ μὴν θυμοῦται (οὐδὲ γάρ ἐστιν ὅ τι συγκινήσει αὐτὸν πρὸς θυμόν, ἀγαπῶντα ἀεὶ τὸν θεὸν καὶ πρὸς τούτῳ μόνῳ ὅλον τετραμμένον καὶ διὰ τοῦτο μηδὲν τῶν κτισμάτων τοῦ θεοῦ μεμισηκότα)· ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ ζηλοῖ (οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐνδεῖ τι αὐτῷ πρὸς ἐξομοίωσιν τῷ καλῷ καὶ ἀγαθῷ εἶναι· οὐδὲ ἄρα φιλεῖ τινα τὴν κοινὴν ταύτην φιλίαν, ἀλλʼ ἀγαπᾷ τὸν κτίστην διὰ τῶν κτισμάτων).
English · Claude translation
For the one who knows is such that he is subject only to the affections that arise for the maintenance of the body, such as hunger, thirst, and the like. But in the case of the Savior it would be ridiculous to suppose that the body, as a body, demanded the necessary services for its maintenance; for he ate not for the sake of the body, which was held together by holy power, but so that it might not enter the minds of those who were with him to think otherwise about him, as indeed later some supposed that he had been manifested only in appearance. He himself was entirely free from passion; no movement of passion, either pleasure or pain, found its way into him. The apostles, having mastered anger and fear and desire in a more knowing way through the Lord's teaching, did not admit even what seem to be the good forms of passionate movement, such as boldness, zeal, joy, and cheerfulness; they were in no way changed, by a firm settledness of mind, but always remained unaltered in a habit of discipline, at least after the Lord's resurrection. For even if someone accepts the aforesaid goods when they arise with reason, they are still not to be admitted in the perfect man. He has no occasion for boldness (for he is never among terrors, since he considers nothing in life terrible, and nothing can draw him away from the love of God); nor does he need cheerfulness (for he does not fall into grief, being persuaded that all things turn out well); nor indeed does he become angry (for there is nothing that will move him to anger, since he always loves God and is wholly turned to him alone, and therefore hates none of God's creatures); nor is he zealous (for he lacks nothing needed for being made like the beautiful and good; nor, then, does he love anyone with this common friendship, but he loves the Creator through the creatures).
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The allusions are Rom 8:35–39 and Rom 8:28. Clement's claim that Christ's body did not need food is his own view; “in appearance” (δοκήσει) refers to the docetists. The “good forms of passion” are the Stoic εὐπάθειαι.
Notes on the original text
- Digital text corrected (misreading in the digital text (opening bracket)): ζηλοῖ *οὐδὲ → ζηλοῖ (οὐδὲ.
Cite this passage
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 6.9.71 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/6/9/71/).
Plain text
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 6.9.71 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/6/9/71/).
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