Isaiah 33 in the early church
[Vulgate: Isaias]
48 passages quote, allude to, or echo Isaiah 33, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 5 · 6 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 22 · 23
Isaiah 33:1
Woe to you, O destroyer never destroyed, O traitor never betrayed! When you have finished destroying, you will be destroyed. When you have finished betraying, you will be betrayed.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:1 | Demonstration 2.10 · Aphrahat | quotation, medium confidence | 337-345 |
| Isa 33:1 | Demonstration 19.2 · Aphrahat | quotation, medium confidence | 337-345 |
Isaiah 33:5
The LORD is exalted, for He dwells on high; He has filled Zion with justice and righteousness.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:5 | Confessions 1.29 · Augustine of Hippo | echo, low confidence | ca. 397–401 |
Isaiah 33:6
He will be the sure foundation for your times, a storehouse of salvation, wisdom, and knowledge. The fear of the LORD is Zion’s treasure.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:6 | The Conferences 11.13 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
| Isa 33:6 | Book 1, chapter 24 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 440-450 |
Isaiah 33:9
The land mourns and languishes; Lebanon is ashamed and decayed. Sharon is like a desert; Bashan and Carmel shake off their leaves.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:9 | Oration 5.29 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
Isaiah 33:10
“Now I will arise,” says the LORD. “Now I will lift Myself up. Now I will be exalted.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:10 | Lines 453–476 · Commodian | quotation, high confidence | 3rd century (disputed) |
| Isa 33:10–12 | To Quirinus 2.26 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Isa 33:10 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 47 · Evagrius of Gaul | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
Isaiah 33:11
You conceive chaff; you give birth to stubble. Your breath is a fire that will consume you.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:11 | Lines 453–476 · Commodian | quotation, high confidence | 3rd century (disputed) |
| Isa 33:11 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 47 · Evagrius of Gaul | quotation, high confidence | ca. 400 |
| Isa 33:11 | On the Blessings of the Patriarchs 49 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-392 |
Isaiah 33:13
You who are far off, hear what I have done; you who are near, acknowledge My might.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:13 | Epistle of Barnabas 9.1 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Isa 33:13 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 33:13–14 | Demonstration 12.4 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Isa 33:13 | Demonstration 16.5 · Aphrahat | quotation, high confidence | 337-345 |
Isaiah 33:14
The sinners in Zion are afraid; trembling grips the ungodly: “Who of us can dwell with a consuming fire? Who of us can dwell with everlasting flames?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:14 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 33:14–15 | Against Marcion 4.34 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Isa 33:14 | Homily on Isaiah 6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
| Isa 33:14–17 | To Quirinus 2.29 · Cyprian of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later) |
| Isa 33:14 | Preparation for the Gospel 11.38.8 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 313–324 |
| Isa 33:14 | Homilies on the Psalms 14.1 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
Isaiah 33:15
He who walks righteously and speaks with sincerity, who refuses gain from extortion, whose hand never takes a bribe, who stops his ears against murderous plots and shuts his eyes tightly against evil—
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:15 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 33:15 | PG 12:1471 (Ps 57 LXX) · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Isa 33:15 | Homily on Isaiah 6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 235–250 |
| Isa 33:15 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 34 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Isa 33:15 | Commentary on Matthew, Latin Series 64 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–249 (Latin translation, 4th–5th century) |
| Isa 33:15 | Commentary on Romans 2.13 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Isa 33:15 | Letter 75.4 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Isa 33:15 | Letter 125.19 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
Isaiah 33:16
he will dwell on the heights; the mountain fortress will be his refuge; his food will be provided and his water assured.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:16 | Epistle of Barnabas 11.5 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Isa 33:16 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 33:16 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.3 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 33:16 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.4 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 33:16 | Dialogue with Trypho 78.6 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
Isaiah 33:17
Your eyes will see the King in His beauty and behold a land that stretches afar.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:17 | Epistle of Barnabas 11.5 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Isa 33:17 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.3 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Isa 33:17–18 | Against the Jews 13 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 197–207 |
| Isa 33:17 | On Christ and Antichrist 44 · Hippolytus of Rome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 200–215 |
| Isa 33:17 | Part 3, chapter 2 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Isaiah 33:18
Your mind will ponder the former terror: “Where is he who tallies? Where is he who weighs? Where is he who counts the towers?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:18 | Epistle of Barnabas 11.5 · Anonymous | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Isa 33:18 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.3 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
Isaiah 33:19
You will no longer see the insolent, a people whose speech is unintelligible, who stammer in a language you cannot understand.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:19 | Dialogue with Trypho 70.3 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
Isaiah 33:20
Look upon Zion, the city of our appointed feasts. Your eyes will see Jerusalem, a peaceful pasture, a tent that does not wander; its tent pegs will not be pulled up, nor will any of its cords be broken.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:20 | Against Heresies 3.20.4 · Irenaeus of Lyons | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Isa 33:20 | Book of Rules 2 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
Isaiah 33:22
For the LORD is our Judge, the LORD is our lawgiver, the LORD is our King. It is He who will save us.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:22 | Liber Orsiesii 43 · Orsiesius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380-390 |
| Isa 33:22 | Against Five Heresies 6 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 437-450 |
Isaiah 33:23
Your ropes are slack; they cannot secure the mast or spread the sail. Then an abundance of spoils will be divided, and even the lame will carry off plunder.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isa 33:23 | Book of Rules 2 · Tyconius | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |