Genesis 42 in the early church
47 passages quote, allude to, or echo Genesis 42, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 9 · 11 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 25 · 26 · 37 · 38
Genesis 42:1
When Jacob learned that there was grain in Egypt, he said to his sons, “Why are you staring at one another?”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:1 | Divine Institutes 4.10.5 · Lactantius | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 303–311 |
| Gen 42:1 | On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.35 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Gen 42:1 | On Joseph 43 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 42:1–13 | Genesis, lines 1302–1327 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Genesis 42:2
“Look,” he added, “I have heard that there is grain in Egypt. Go down there and buy some for us, so that we may live and not die.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:2 | Homilies on Numbers 14.2 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 42:2 | Treatise on the Mysteries 1.23.2 · Hilary of Poitiers | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360–366 |
| Gen 42:2 | On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.36 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-390 |
| Gen 42:2 | On Joseph 43 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 42:2 | On Joseph 44 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
Genesis 42:3
So ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:3 | Against Heresies 1.18.3 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| Gen 42:3 | Homilies 2.8 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Gen 42:3 | Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 34.16.9 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374-377 |
| Gen 42:3 | On Joseph 44 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 42:3 | On Joseph 45 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
Genesis 42:4
But Jacob did not send Joseph’s brother Benjamin with his brothers, for he said, “I am afraid that harm might befall him.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:4 | On Joseph 44 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 42:4 | On Joseph 46 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
Genesis 42:5
So the sons of Israel were among those who came to buy grain, since the famine had also spread to the land of Canaan.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:5 | To Autolycus 3.10 · Theophilus of Antioch | allusion, low confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Gen 42:5 | Against Celsus 3.5 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 248 |
| Gen 42:5–24 | Part 1, chapter 30 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | quotation, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Genesis 42:6
Now Joseph was the ruler of the land; he was the one who sold grain to all its people. So when his brothers arrived, they bowed down before him with their faces to the ground.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:6 | Fragments on Genesis, column 135 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 42:6 | Commentary on John 28.223 · Origen | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| Gen 42:6 | Demonstration of the Gospel 8.1.23 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 314–324 |
| Gen 42:6 | Demonstration 9.8 · Aphrahat | allusion, high confidence | 337-345 |
| Gen 42:6 | Homilies 11.4 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| Gen 42:6 | Exposition of Psalm 118 12.31.4 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
Genesis 42:7
And when Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them, but he treated them as strangers and spoke harshly to them. “Where have you come from?” he asked. “From the land of Canaan,” they replied. “We are here to buy food.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:7 | On Joseph 47 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 42:7 | Against Lying 24 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 420 |
Genesis 42:9
Joseph remembered his dreams about them and said, “You are spies! You have come to see if our land is vulnerable.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:9 | The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
Genesis 42:11
We are all sons of one man. Your servants are honest men, not spies.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:11 | Preparation for the Gospel 11.15.3 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
Genesis 42:14
Then Joseph declared, “Just as I said, you are spies!
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:14–36 | Genesis, lines 1328–1352 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Genesis 42:15
And this is how you will be tested: As surely as Pharaoh lives, you shall not leave this place unless your youngest brother comes here.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:15 | Homilies on the Psalms 14.3 · Basil of Caesarea | allusion, high confidence | ca. 360-378 |
Genesis 42:16
Send one of your number to get your brother; the rest of you will be confined so that the truth of your words may be tested. If they are untrue, then as surely as Pharaoh lives, you are spies!”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:16 | The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
Genesis 42:20
Then bring your youngest brother to me so that your words can be verified, that you may not die.” And to this they consented.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:20 | On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.10 · Ambrose | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 386-390 |
Genesis 42:21
Then they said to one another, “Surely we are being punished because of our brother. We saw his anguish when he pleaded with us, but we would not listen. That is why this distress has come upon us.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:21 | Fragments on Genesis, column 137 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 42:21 | Commentary on Romans 3.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| Gen 42:21 | The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
Genesis 42:22
And Reuben responded, “Didn’t I tell you not to sin against the boy? But you would not listen. Now we must account for his blood!”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:22 | Fragments on Genesis, column 137 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
Genesis 42:25
Then Joseph gave orders to fill their bags with grain, to return each man’s silver to his sack, and to give them provisions for their journey. This order was carried out,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:25 | Fragments on Genesis, column 135 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 220-254 |
| Gen 42:25 | On the Good of Patience 10 · Cyprian of Carthage | allusion, medium confidence | 256 |
| Gen 42:25 | Exposition of Psalm 118 18.23.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| Gen 42:25 | On Joseph 45 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 42:25 | Part 1, chapter 31 · Quodvultdeus of Carthage | allusion, high confidence | ca. 445-450 |
Genesis 42:26
and they loaded the grain on their donkeys and departed.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:26 | On Joseph 45 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
Genesis 42:37
Then Reuben said to his father, “You may kill my two sons if I fail to bring him back to you. Put him in my care, and I will return him.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:37 | Homilies on Leviticus 14.4 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Gen 42:37 | On Joseph 46 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| Gen 42:37–38 | Genesis, lines 1353–1376 · Cyprianus Gallus | allusion, high confidence | early 5th cent. |
Genesis 42:38
But Jacob replied, “My son will not go down there with you, for his brother is dead, and he alone is left. If any harm comes to him on your journey, you will bring my gray hair down to Sheol in sorrow.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen 42:38 | Literal Commentary on Genesis 12.33 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | ca. 401–415 |