Genesis 42 in the early church

47 passages quote, allude to, or echo Genesis 42, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 9 · 11 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 25 · 26 · 37 · 38

Genesis 42:1

When Jacob learned that there was grain in Egypt, he said to his sons, “Why are you staring at one another?”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:1Divine Institutes 4.10.5 · Lactantiusallusion, medium confidenceca. 303–311
Gen 42:1On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.35 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 42:1On Joseph 43 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390
Gen 42:1–13Genesis, lines 1302–1327 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.

Genesis 42:2

“Look,” he added, “I have heard that there is grain in Egypt. Go down there and buy some for us, so that we may live and not die.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:2Homilies on Numbers 14.2 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Gen 42:2Treatise on the Mysteries 1.23.2 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, high confidenceca. 360–366
Gen 42:2On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.36 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-390
Gen 42:2On Joseph 43 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390
Gen 42:2On Joseph 44 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390

Genesis 42:3

So ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:3Against Heresies 1.18.3 · Irenaeus of Lyonsallusion, high confidenceca. 180–190
Gen 42:3Homilies 2.8 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 363-378
Gen 42:3Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 34.16.9 · Epiphanius of Salamisallusion, high confidence374-377
Gen 42:3On Joseph 44 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-390
Gen 42:3On Joseph 45 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-390

Genesis 42:4

But Jacob did not send Joseph’s brother Benjamin with his brothers, for he said, “I am afraid that harm might befall him.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:4On Joseph 44 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390
Gen 42:4On Joseph 46 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-390

Genesis 42:5

So the sons of Israel were among those who came to buy grain, since the famine had also spread to the land of Canaan.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:5To Autolycus 3.10 · Theophilus of Antiochallusion, low confidenceca. 180–185
Gen 42:5Against Celsus 3.5 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 248
Gen 42:5–24Part 1, chapter 30 · Quodvultdeus of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 445-450

Genesis 42:6

Now Joseph was the ruler of the land; he was the one who sold grain to all its people. So when his brothers arrived, they bowed down before him with their faces to the ground.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:6Fragments on Genesis, column 135 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 42:6Commentary on John 28.223 · Origenallusion, medium confidenceca. 230–248
Gen 42:6Demonstration of the Gospel 8.1.23 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 314–324
Gen 42:6Demonstration 9.8 · Aphrahatallusion, high confidence337-345
Gen 42:6Homilies 11.4 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 363-378
Gen 42:6Exposition of Psalm 118 12.31.4 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397

Genesis 42:7

And when Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them, but he treated them as strangers and spoke harshly to them. “Where have you come from?” he asked. “From the land of Canaan,” they replied. “We are here to buy food.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:7On Joseph 47 · Ambrosequotation, high confidenceca. 387-390
Gen 42:7Against Lying 24 · Augustine of Hippoallusion, medium confidenceca. 420

Genesis 42:9

Joseph remembered his dreams about them and said, “You are spies! You have come to see if our land is vulnerable.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:9The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

Genesis 42:11

We are all sons of one man. Your servants are honest men, not spies.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:11Preparation for the Gospel 11.15.3 · Eusebius of Caesareaallusion, medium confidenceca. 313–324

Genesis 42:14

Then Joseph declared, “Just as I said, you are spies!

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:14–36Genesis, lines 1328–1352 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.

Genesis 42:15

And this is how you will be tested: As surely as Pharaoh lives, you shall not leave this place unless your youngest brother comes here.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:15Homilies on the Psalms 14.3 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 360-378

Genesis 42:16

Send one of your number to get your brother; the rest of you will be confined so that the truth of your words may be tested. If they are untrue, then as surely as Pharaoh lives, you are spies!”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:16The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

Genesis 42:20

Then bring your youngest brother to me so that your words can be verified, that you may not die.” And to this they consented.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:20On Jacob and the Happy Life 2.10 · Ambroseallusion, medium confidenceca. 386-390

Genesis 42:21

Then they said to one another, “Surely we are being punished because of our brother. We saw his anguish when he pleaded with us, but we would not listen. That is why this distress has come upon us.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:21Fragments on Genesis, column 137 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 42:21Commentary on Romans 3.6 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406)
Gen 42:21The Conferences 17.25 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

Genesis 42:22

And Reuben responded, “Didn’t I tell you not to sin against the boy? But you would not listen. Now we must account for his blood!”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:22Fragments on Genesis, column 137 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254

Genesis 42:25

Then Joseph gave orders to fill their bags with grain, to return each man’s silver to his sack, and to give them provisions for their journey. This order was carried out,

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:25Fragments on Genesis, column 135 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 220-254
Gen 42:25On the Good of Patience 10 · Cyprian of Carthageallusion, medium confidence256
Gen 42:25Exposition of Psalm 118 18.23.2 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 386-397
Gen 42:25On Joseph 45 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-390
Gen 42:25Part 1, chapter 31 · Quodvultdeus of Carthageallusion, high confidenceca. 445-450

Genesis 42:26

and they loaded the grain on their donkeys and departed.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:26On Joseph 45 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-390

Genesis 42:37

Then Reuben said to his father, “You may kill my two sons if I fail to bring him back to you. Put him in my care, and I will return him.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:37Homilies on Leviticus 14.4 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Gen 42:37On Joseph 46 · Ambroseallusion, high confidenceca. 387-390
Gen 42:37–38Genesis, lines 1353–1376 · Cyprianus Gallusallusion, high confidenceearly 5th cent.

Genesis 42:38

But Jacob replied, “My son will not go down there with you, for his brother is dead, and he alone is left. If any harm comes to him on your journey, you will bring my gray hair down to Sheol in sorrow.”

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Gen 42:38Literal Commentary on Genesis 12.33 · Augustine of Hippoquotation, high confidenceca. 401–415