Sophia Scriptura

Exposition on 1 Corinthians 14.1–14.40

Pelagius · Exposition on 1 Corinthians · ca. 405–410 · Rome · 38 passages

Latin text: Souter, TS 9.2 (Latin text: A. Souter (Texts and Studies 9.2, 1926); OCR of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam scan, read by Tesseract).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).

Chapter 14

14.1Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:205–206

Sectamini caritatem . Omni conatu ipsam sequimini, quia in uestra est potestate. Aemulamini spiritalia, magis autem ut prophetetis. Et spiritalia dona aemulari uos ac quaerere non prohibeo, sed ut magis prophetetis exhortor.

“Pursue love.” Follow it with all your effort, because it is in your power. “Be zealous for spiritual gifts, but especially that you may prophesy.” I do not forbid you to be zealous for spiritual gifts and to seek them, but I urge you rather to prophesy.

1 Cor 14:1 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Love lies in our power; among gifts, prophecy is to be preferred.

  • “Because it is in your power” is translated as written.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (line-end hyphen): Aemula- mini → Aemulamini.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.1 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:205–206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-1). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.2Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:206

Qui enim loquitur lingua , non hominibus loquitur , sed deo; nemo enim audit . Nemo per auditum aurium de his quae dicuntur accipit intellectum, nisi deus et qui interpretandi donum accepit uel qui eiusdem est linguae. Spiritu autem loquitur mysteria. Id est, gratia spiritus.

“For he who speaks in a tongue speaks not to men but to God; for no one hears.” No one, through the hearing of the ears, receives understanding of what is said, except God and he who has received the gift of interpretation, or who speaks the same language. “But in the Spirit he speaks mysteries.” That is, by the grace of the Spirit.

1 Cor 14:2 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Tongues are understood only by God, an interpreter, or a speaker of the language.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.2 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-2). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.3Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:206

Nam et consolationem . Exposuit quot modis intellegenda sit prophetia. quicumque ergo haec habet, propheta esse censendus est.

“For also consolation.” He has explained in how many ways prophecy is to be understood. Whoever, then, has these is to be reckoned a prophet.

1 Cor 14:3 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Edification, exhortation and consolation mark a prophet.

  • The lemma is printed only in part.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.3 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-3). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.4Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:206

Qui loquitur lingua , semet ipsum aedificat; qui autem prophetat , ecclesiam aedificat . Id est, omnes. Uolo autem uos loqui linguis, magis autem prophetare . Hoc quidem uolo, sed illut malo; hoc non prohibeo, illut exhortor. Nam maior est qui prophetat quam qui loquitur linguis . Quia hoc opus est caritatis per quod multi proficiunt, et ideo maius est quam illut quod uos maximum aestimatis. Nisi forte ut interpretetur, ut ecclesia aedificationem accipiat. Si interpretatur, tunc aequalis esse poterit prophetanti.

“He who speaks in a tongue builds up himself; but he who prophesies builds up the church.” That is, everyone. [v. 5] “Now I want you all to speak in tongues, but even more to prophesy.” This indeed I want, but that I prefer; this I do not forbid, that I urge. “For he who prophesies is greater than he who speaks in tongues.” Because this is a work of love, through which many profit, and so it is greater than what you think the greatest. “Unless perhaps he interprets, so that the church may receive edification.” If he interprets, then he can be equal to the one who prophesies.

1 Cor 14:4–5 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Prophecy, a work of love, is greater than uninterpreted tongues.

  • The numeral of verse 5 was unreadable; the verse begins at [v. 5].

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip; stray letter and OCR slip): e Uolo autem uos loqui Unguis → Uolo autem uos loqui linguis; loquitur Unguis → loquitur linguis; inter praetetur → interpretetur.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.4 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:206; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-4). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.6Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:206–207

Nunc autem, fratres, si uenero ad uos linguis loquens. Suum illis proponit exemplum. Quid uobis prodero, nisi uobis loquar , [aut\ in reuelatione aut scientia aut prophetia aut doctrina? Erit uobis sola admiratio, non profectus, nisi uobis aut interpreter, aut plana faciam legis obscura quae noui, aut prophetias exponam, aut uos moralibus doceam institutis .

“But now, brothers, if I come to you speaking in tongues.” He sets his own example before them. “What will I profit you, unless I speak to you in revelation or knowledge or prophecy or teaching?” You will have only wonder, not progress, unless I either interpret for you, or make plain the obscurities of the law that I know, or expound prophecies, or teach you with moral instruction.

1 Cor 14:6 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Tongues without explanation bring wonder but no progress.

  • Souter brackets “aut”; left out.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Unguis loquens → linguis loquens; institutes → institutis.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.6 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:206–207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-6). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.7Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207

Tamen quae sine anima sunt uocem dantia , siue tibia , siue cithara , nisi distinctionem sonitus dederint, quo modo scietur quod [tibia] canitur aut quod citharizatur? Cum haec inanimalia, nisi distinctionem habeant, suauem non possint reddere cantilenam et ut superflua respuantur, quanto magis uos, quorum spiritalis suauitas non aures debe[a]t mulcere, sed mentem !

“Yet lifeless things that give a sound, whether pipe or harp, unless they give a distinction in the sounds, how will it be known what is piped or harped?” Since these lifeless things, unless they have distinction, cannot produce a sweet song and are rejected as useless, how much more you, whose spiritual sweetness ought to soothe not the ears but the mind!

1 Cor 14:7 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Spiritual speech must be intelligible to reach the mind.

  • Souter brackets “tibia” and a letter of “debeat”; left out.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): sine tibia → siue tibia; siue dthara → siue cithara; dederinty → dederint,; dthari zatur → citharizatur.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.7 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-7). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.8Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207

Et enim si incertam uocem det tuba, [quo modo] quis parabit se ad bellum?

“For if the trumpet gives an uncertain sound, who will prepare himself for battle?”

1 Cor 14:8 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Cor 14:8.

  • Souter brackets “quo modo”; left out.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): tubay → tuba,; helium → bellum.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.8 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-8). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.9Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207

ita et uos per linguam nisi manifestum sermonem dederitis, quo modo scietur id quod dicitur? Si uox tubae incerta fuerit, utrum sollemnitatis an belli sit, nemo pugnabit: ita ergo et uester intellegendus est sermo, ut possit ad spiritale proelium Christi milites praeparare. Eritis enim in aera loquentes.

“So also you, unless with the tongue you give clear speech, how will it be known what is said?” If the sound of the trumpet is uncertain, whether it is for a festival or for war, no one will fight: so too your speech must be understood, so that it can prepare Christ's soldiers for the spiritual battle. “For you will be speaking into the air.”

1 Cor 14:9 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Clear speech prepares Christ's soldiers for spiritual battle.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slips): sdetur id quod didtur → scietur id quod dicitur.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.9 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-9). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.10Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207

Tanta ut puta genera linguarum sunt in mundo. Etiam si tarn multa loquamini, ut genera sunt linguarum, quid proderit, cum omnia in aere soluantur et nulli proficiant? Et nihil sine uoce est. Nihil sine uoce linguam habens.

“There are, for example, so many kinds of languages in the world.” Even if you speak as many as there are kinds of languages, what will it profit, when all dissolve into the air and profit no one? “And nothing is without voice.” Nothing that has a language is without voice.

1 Cor 14:10 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Many languages profit nothing if not understood.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.10 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-10). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.11Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207–208

Si ergo nesciero uirtutem uocis, ero ei cui loquor barbarus, et qui loquitur mihi barbarus. Omnis sermo qui non intellegitur barbarus iudicatur.

“If then I do not know the force of the voice, I shall be a barbarian to him to whom I speak, and he who speaks will be a barbarian to me.” All speech that is not understood is judged barbarian.

1 Cor 14:11 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Speech not understood is barbarous.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slips): nesdero uirtutem uods, ero d cui → nesciero uirtutem uocis, ero ei cui; noil → non.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.11 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:207–208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-11). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.12Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208

Sic et uos . Quo modo de me dixi. Quoniam aemulatores estis spiritalium ad aedificationem ecclesiae, quaerite ut abundetis . Quoniam spiritalia dona sectamini, ilia magis quaerite quae aedificent audientes.

“So also you.” As I said of myself. “Since you are zealous for spiritual gifts, seek to abound in them for the edification of the church.” Since you pursue spiritual gifts, seek rather those which build up the hearers.

1 Cor 14:12 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Seek the gifts that build up hearers.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): aedijicationem → aedificationem.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.12 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-12). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.13Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208

Et ideo qui loquitur lingua , oret ut interpretetur . Oret ut illi interpretandi gratia donetur.

“And therefore let him who speaks in a tongue pray that he may interpret.” Let him pray that the grace of interpreting may be given him.

1 Cor 14:13 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The tongue-speaker should pray for interpretation.

Topics: Prayer

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.13 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-13). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.14Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208

Nam si orem lingua , spiritus meus orat. ‘ Oratio’ hoc loco oris ratio; id est, si lingua dicam, non ego loquor, sed spiritus qui in me est. si autem ad orationem referatur, spiritus sermo intellegendus est qui non numquam, mente alia cogitante, precatur. Mens autem mea sine fructu est . Quia non intellego quod loquor. Quid ergo est? Orabo spiritu, orabo et mente; psallam spiritu , psallam et mente . Qui enim interpretatur, necesse est ut prius ipse intellegat quod aliis est dicturus.

“For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays.” “Prayer” (oratio) here means the reckoning of the mouth (oris ratio); that is, if I speak in a tongue, it is not I who speak but the Spirit who is in me. But if it is taken of prayer, it is to be understood as the speech of the spirit, which sometimes prays while the mind is thinking of something else. “But my mind is without fruit.” Because I do not understand what I say. [v. 15] “What then is it? I will pray with the spirit, I will pray with the mind also; I will sing with the spirit, I will sing with the mind also.” For he who interprets must first understand himself what he is going to say to others.

1 Cor 14:14–15 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Prayer in a tongue leaves the mind fruitless; one must pray and sing with understanding.

  • The numeral of verse 15 was unreadable; the verse begins at [v. 15].
  • Pelagius derives oratio (“prayer”) from oris ratio (“the reckoning of the mouth”).

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip; stray numeral and OCR slips): spiritus metes orat → spiritus meus orat; Mens autem mm → Mens autem mea; is Quid ergo est? Ordbo 8pirituy → Quid ergo est? Orabo spiritu,.

Topics: Prayer

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.14 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-14). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.16Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208

Ceterum , si benedixeris spiritu . Benedicitur omne quod bene et secundum deum aliqui loquitur. Qui[s] supplet locum idiotae? Inanitatem scientiae in corde ignari quis implet? Quo modo dicit ‘ amen 9 super tuam benedictionem, quoniam [quidem] nescit quid dicas? Quo modo tuae perhibebit benedictioni testimonium uel consensum?

“Otherwise, if you bless with the spirit.” Everything that anyone speaks well and according to God is called a blessing. “He who fills the place of the unlearned.” Who fills the emptiness of knowledge in the heart of the ignorant? “How will he say ‘Amen’ to your blessing, since he does not know what you say?” How will he give witness or assent to your blessing?

1 Cor 14:16 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The unlearned cannot say Amen to what they do not understand.

  • Benedicere plays on bene dicere, “to speak well”. Souter brackets the letter that would make “Qui” into “Quis” (“Who?”) and “quidem”; left out.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip; split word; stray digit): bene dictionem → benedictionem; nesdt → nescit; Quo modo 2otuae → Quo modo tuae.

Topics: Prayer

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.16 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-16). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.17Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208

Nam tu quidem bene gratias agis , sed alter non aedificatur . Quod superius dixerat ‘si bene dicas,’ hie ipsum exponit.

“For you indeed give thanks well, but the other is not built up.” Here he explains what he had said above, “if you bless.”

1 Cor 14:17 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Good thanks that others cannot follow do not build them up.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.17 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:208; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-17). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.18Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209

Gratias ago deo quod omnium uestrum [magis] lingua loquor , Ne putetis me hanc quoque gratiam non habere et uos ideo prohibere loqui.

“I thank God that I speak in the tongue of all of you.” Lest you think that I do not have this grace too, and that is why I forbid you to speak.

1 Cor 14:18 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Paul has the gift of tongues himself.

  • Souter brackets “magis” (“more than”); without it the lemma reads “that I speak in the tongue of all of you”.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): ommum → omnium; loqni → loqui.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.18 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-18). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.19Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209

Sed in ecclesia uolo quinque uerba sensu meo loqui [per legem], ut et alios instruam , quam decem milia uerborum in li[n]gua . Sed malo perpauca proprio intellectu et simplici ratione ad profectum loqui, quam multa quae nulli proficiant. quidam sane quaerunt quae sint quinque uerba, a quibus e contrario quae sint decem milia est quaerendum.

“But in the church I want to speak five words with my understanding, so that I may instruct others too, rather than ten thousand words in a tongue.” I prefer to speak a very few words with my own understanding and plain reasoning, for profit, than many that profit no one. Some indeed ask what the five words are; one must ask them in return what the ten thousand are.

1 Cor 14:19 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: A few intelligible words are better than many unintelligible ones.

  • Souter brackets “per legem” (“through the law”) and a letter of “lingua”; left out.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): decern milia uerborum → decem milia uerborum; intellect!! $ → intellectu; decern milia est → decem milia est.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.19 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-19). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.20Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209

Fratres , nolite pueri effici sensibus. Scire debetis quam diu futurae sunt linguae, uel quare sint datae. Sed malitia paruoli estote , ut sensibus perfecti sitis. Malitia debetis paruoli esse, non sensu. simul ostendit neminem, nisi paruolum malitia, sensu esse perfectum, quia ‘in maliuolam animam non introibit sapientia.’

“Brothers, do not become children in understanding.” You ought to know how long tongues are to last, or why they were given. “But be little children in malice, that you may be perfect in understanding.” You ought to be little children in malice, not in understanding. At the same time he shows that no one is perfect in understanding unless he is a little child in malice, because “wisdom will not enter a malicious soul.”

1 Cor 14:20 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Only those innocent of malice become perfect in understanding.

  • Wis 1:4.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): effid → effici; c in maliuolam → ‘in maliuolam; sapiential → sapientia.’.

Extrabiblical texts: Wis 1:4 (Wisdom of Solomon [in RC, EO, ETH canons]; quotation)

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.20 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-20). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.21Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209

In lege enim scriptum est quoniam In aliis linguis et labiis aliis loquar populo huic , et nec sic exaudient me, dicit dominus. Etiam hoc signum dabo, ut per sanctos meos inusitato sermone loquar, et nec sic quidem me loquentem intellegent.

“For in the law it is written: With other tongues and other lips I will speak to this people, and not even so will they hear me, says the Lord.” I will give this sign too, that I will speak through my saints in an unfamiliar speech, and not even so will they understand me when I speak.

1 Cor 14:21 (quotation, high confidence) · Isa 28:11–12 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Tongues fulfil Isaiah's sign to an unhearing people.

  • Isa 28:11–12.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slips): Unguis et labiis aliis hquar → linguis et labiis aliis loquar.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.21 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-21). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.22Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209–210

Itaque linguae in signum sunt non fidelibus . Hie ostenditur crescente fide signa cessare, quando infidelium causa danda esse praedicebantur. Sed infidelibus. Ut saltim admiratione moueantur. Prophetiae autem non infidelibus, sed fidelibus. Maior est ergo et utilior, quae [et] fidelibus prodest et semper est opus.

“So tongues are a sign not for believers but for unbelievers.” Here it is shown that signs cease as faith grows, since they were foretold to be given for the sake of unbelievers. “For unbelievers.” So that they may at least be moved by wonder. “But prophecy is not for unbelievers, but for believers.” It is therefore greater and more useful, since it profits believers and is always needed.

1 Cor 14:22 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Tongues serve unbelievers and cease as faith grows; prophecy always serves believers.

  • Souter brackets “et”; left out.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slips; running head and page number): Sed injiddibus → Sed infidelibus; non injiddibus, sed jidelibus → non infidelibus, sed fidelibus; PELAGI expositio [XIV 23fidelibus → fidelibus.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.22 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:209–210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-22). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.23Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:210

Si ergo conueniat uniuersa ecclesia in unum , et omnes linguis loquantur. Hoc est, si fieri posset ut concederetur uobis, quia omnes hoc uultis. Intrent autem idiotae uel infideles . Idiotae nuper credentes dicuntur hoc loco. Nonne dicent quod insanitis? Sicut Iudaei de apostolis ‘ dixerunt 1 hi pleni sunt musto.

“If then the whole church comes together in one place, and all speak in tongues.” That is, if it could happen that this were granted you, since you all want it. “And the unlearned or unbelievers come in.” The unlearned here means those who have recently believed. “Will they not say that you are mad?” As the Jews said of the apostles: “These men are full of new wine.”

1 Cor 14:23 (quotation, high confidence) · Acts 2:13 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Tongues alone would make newcomers think the church mad.

  • Acts 2:13.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): unurn → unum; omnes Unguis → omnes linguis; omnes boc → omnes hoc; injideles → infideles.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.23 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-23). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.24Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:210

Si autem omnes prophetent, intret autem quis idiota uel infidelis, conuincitur ab omnibus , diiudicatur ab omnibus ;

“But if all prophesy, and some unbeliever or unlearned person comes in, he is convicted by all, he is judged by all;”

1 Cor 14:24 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Cor 14:24.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): conuindtur → conuincitur.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.24 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-24). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.25Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:210

occulta cordis eius manifesta fiunt. Quando eius pulsatur conscientia per doctrinam. Et ita cadens in faciem adorabit deum , pronuntians quod uere deus est in uobis. Sicut Nabuchodonosor adorauit Danielum: ‘uere deus uester ipse est deus,’ post quam somnium, quod oblitus fuerat, et interpretationem eius audisset.

“the secrets of his heart are made manifest.” When his conscience is struck by the teaching. “And so, falling on his face, he will worship God, declaring that God is truly among you.” As Nebuchadnezzar worshipped Daniel: “Truly your God is God,” after he had heard the dream he had forgotten and its interpretation.

1 Cor 14:25 (quotation, high confidence) · Dan 2:46–47 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Prophecy lays bare the newcomer's heart and moves him to worship.

  • Dan 2:46–47.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.25 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:210; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-25). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.26Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:210–211

Quid ergo [est], fratres ? Quid ergo est faciendum, uel quid definimus esse tenendum? Cum conuenitis, unus quisque uestrum psalmum habet[, doctrinam hdbet ]. Hoc est, intellegit psalmum. Apocalypsin habet [, interpretationemhdbet , linguamhabet]. Reuelationem aliquam mysteriorum. Omnia ad aedificationem fiant. Nihil sit in uobis quod non alterutrum aedificet.

“What then, brothers?” What then is to be done, or what do we determine is to be held? “When you come together, each of you has a psalm.” That is, understands a psalm. “Has a revelation.” Some revelation of mysteries. “Let all things be done for edification.” Let there be nothing among you that does not build one another up.

1 Cor 14:26 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: All that is done in the assembly should build up.

  • Souter brackets “est” and the items “has a teaching”, “has an interpretation, has a tongue”; left out.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip; OCR slips; words run together): psabnum hdbet[y → psalmum habet[,; Apocalypsin hdbet → Apocalypsin habet; Reuelationemaliquam → Reuelationem aliquam; aedificationemfiant → aedificationem fiant.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.26 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:210–211; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-26). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.27Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211

Siue lingua quis loquitur secundum duos , aut multum tres et per partes , et unus interpretetur. Hoc est, uicissim prophetantes dicant et unus paulatim interpretetur.

“If anyone speaks in a tongue, let it be by two, or at most three, and in turn, and let one interpret.” That is, let them speak by turns, as those who prophesy do, and let one interpret bit by bit.

1 Cor 14:27 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Tongues should be spoken in turn and interpreted.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): Sine lingua → Siue lingua; multum ires → multum tres; inter preietur → interpretetur.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.27 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-27). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.28Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211

Si autem non fuerit interpres , taceat in ecclesia; sibi autem loquatur et deo. Sua conscientia et dei teneat eum gratiam hanc habere.

“But if there is no interpreter, let him keep silent in the church, and speak to himself and to God.” Let him hold, in his own conscience and God's, that he has this grace.

1 Cor 14:28 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Without an interpreter the speaker should keep his gift private.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): el deo → et deo.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.28 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-28). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.29Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211

Prophetae duo aut tres dicant , et ceteri interrogent:

“Let two or three prophets speak, and let the others question;”

1 Cor 14:29 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Cor 14:29.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.29 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-29). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.30Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211

quod si alii reuelatum fuerit sedenti , prior taceat . Non stantibus, sed prophetis sedentibus.

“but if something is revealed to another who is sitting, let the first be silent.” Not to those standing, but to prophets who are sitting.

1 Cor 14:30 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: A prophet who receives a revelation while seated may speak in turn.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.30 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-30). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.31Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211

Potestis enim per singulos [omnes'] prophetare , ut omnes discant et omnes exhortentur:

“For you can prophesy one by one, so that all may learn and all be exhorted:”

1 Cor 14:31 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Cor 14:31.

  • Souter brackets “omnes” (“all”); left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.31 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-31). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.32Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211

et spiritus prophetarum prophetis subiectus est:

“and the spirit of the prophets is subject to the prophets:”

1 Cor 14:32 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Cor 14:32.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.32 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-32). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.33Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211

non enim est dissensionis deus , sed pacis. Siue: Gratia spiritus alteri prophetae consentit, ut alterutrum sibi cedant. Siue: Spiritum humilitatis et caritatis debent habere prophetae, quia deus qui in ipsis est non est dissensionis neque superbiae. Sicut in omnibus ecclesiis sanctorum doceo . Sic est ubique, ne noui aliquit me uobis imperare putetis.

“for God is not a God of dissension but of peace.” Either: the grace of the Spirit agrees with another prophet, so that they give way to one another. Or: prophets ought to have the spirit of humility and love, because the God who is in them is not a God of dissension or of pride. “As I teach in all the churches of the saints.” So it is everywhere, lest you think I am imposing something new on you.

1 Cor 14:33 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Prophets should yield to one another, for God is a God of peace.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): pads → pacis.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.33 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-33). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.34Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211–212

Mulieres [uestrae] taceant in ecclesiis: non enim permittitur eis loqui . Quia contra ordinem est naturae uel legis ut in conuentu uirorum feminae loquantur. quaeritur ergo quo modo alibi dicat mulieres docere prudentiam et castitatem debere : sed hoc in sexu suo. simul et cum designat locum ubi taceant, alibi eis loqui permisit. Sed subditas esse , sicut et lex dicit. Quia et uir prior factus est, et Sarra dominum uocabat Abraham.

“Let women keep silent in the churches; for it is not permitted to them to speak.” Because it is against the order of nature or of the law for women to speak in an assembly of men. It is asked, then, how he says elsewhere that women ought to teach prudence and chastity: but this is within their own sex. At the same time, by marking the place where they are to be silent, he permitted them to speak elsewhere. “But to be subject, as the law also says.” Because the man too was made first, and Sarah called Abraham lord.

1 Cor 14:34 (quotation, high confidence) · Titus 2:3–5 (allusion, high confidence) · Gen 2:22 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Pet 3:6 (allusion, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Women are not to speak in the assembly of men, though they may teach women elsewhere.

  • Souter brackets “uestrae” (“your”); left out. The comment is translated as written.
  • Titus 2:3–5; Gen 2:7, 22; 1 Pet 3:6.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip; split word): lex didt → lex dicit; uir prior f actus → uir prior factus.

Topics: Church office

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.34 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:211–212; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-34). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.35Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212

Siquit autem uolunt discere , domi uiros suos interrogent: turpe est enim mulieribus in ecclesia loqui . Ne uideretur eas etiam discere uetuisse, domi illas hoc quod publice non decebat facere debere praecepit.

“And if they want to learn anything, let them ask their own husbands at home: for it is shameful for women to speak in church.” Lest he seem to have forbidden them even to learn, he commanded that they ought to do at home what was not fitting in public.

1 Cor 14:35 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Women may learn at home from their husbands.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): uiros sitos → uiros suos; public© → publice.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.35 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-35). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.36Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212

Aut a uobis uerbum dei processit, aut in uos solos deuenit? Numquit doctrina Christi aut ex uobis est aut aput uos remansit? Siue: De scientia similiter est dicendum.

“Or did the word of God come out from you, or has it come to you alone?” Is Christ's teaching either from you, or has it remained with you alone? Or: the same must be said of knowledge.

1 Cor 14:36 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: The Corinthians are not the source or sole owners of the gospel.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (stray mark): est- aut → est aut.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.36 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-36). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.37Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212

Siquis uidetur propheta esse aut spiritalis, cognoscat [quae scribo uobis] quia domini sunt mandata:

“If anyone seems to be a prophet or spiritual, let him recognize that they are the commandments of the Lord:”

1 Cor 14:37 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Lemma of 1 Cor 14:37.

  • Souter brackets “quae scribo uobis” (“what I write to you”); left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.37 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-37). (abbreviation not yet checked)

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.38Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212

siquis autem ignorat , ignorabitur. Ex hoc probabitis uerum prophetam, si ista cognouerit: siquis autem ignorat haec, ignorabitur et a nobis et a domino dicente eis, qui se in eius nomine prophetasse dicebant: ‘nescio uos.’

“but if anyone does not know, he will not be known.” By this you will prove a true prophet, if he recognizes these things; but if anyone does not know them, he will not be known either by us or by the Lord, who says to those who said they had prophesied in his name: “I do not know you.”

1 Cor 14:38 (quotation, high confidence) · Matt 7:22–23 (allusion, high confidence) · Matt 25:12 (quotation, medium confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: A true prophet recognizes Paul's commands as the Lord's.

  • Matt 7:22–23; 25:12.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): nescio uos.1 → nescio uos.’.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.38 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-38). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-38

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.39Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212

Itaque, fratres, aemulamini prophetare , et loqui linguis nolite prohibere . Illut sectamini, hoc prohibere nolite.

“So, brothers, be zealous to prophesy, and do not forbid speaking in tongues.” Pursue the one; do not forbid the other.

1 Cor 14:39 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Seek prophecy; do not forbid tongues.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (OCR slip): loqui Unguis → loqui linguis.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.39 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-39). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-39

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.

14.40Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212

Omnia autem [uestra] honeste et secundum ordinem fiant. Nihil peruerso ordine aut per contentionem uel inanem gloriam faciatis.

“But let all things be done decently and in order.” Do nothing in perverse order, or through contention or vain glory.

1 Cor 14:40 (quotation, high confidence)

Notes and citation

Summary: Order and humility in worship.

  • Souter brackets “uestra”; left out.

Cite (SBL): Pelagius, Comm. 1 Cor. 14.40 (Souter, Texts and Studies 9.2 2:212; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-40). (abbreviation not yet checked)

Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/pelagius-expositiones-1-corinthios/14-40

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Translation: Translated by Claude from Souter's Latin (1926; our OCR of the VU Amsterdam scan); no public-domain English exists, so the translation was re-read against the Latin.