1 Kings 4 in the early church
[LXX: 3 Kingdoms; Vulgate: 3 Kings]
53 passages quote, allude to, or echo 1 Kings 4, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 7 · 21 · 22 · 25 · 29 · 30 · 31 · 32 · 33 · 34
1 Kings 4:7
Solomon had twelve governors over all Israel to provide food for the king and his household. Each one would arrange provisions for one month of the year,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:7 | Preparation for the Gospel 9.34.4 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
1 Kings 4:21
And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms offered tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:21 | City of God 17.2 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | 413–426 |
1 Kings 4:22
Solomon’s provisions for a single day were thirty cors of fine flour, sixty cors of meal,
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:22 (3 Kgdms 5:2 LXX) | Commentary on John 32.18 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
1 Kings 4:25
Throughout the days of Solomon, Judah and Israel dwelt securely from Dan to Beersheba, each man under his own vine and his own fig tree.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:25 | Against the Jews 7 · Tertullian | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 197–207 |
| 1 Kgs 4:25 (3 Kgdms 5:5 LXX) | Commentary on John 6.5 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 230–248 |
| 1 Kgs 4:25 | Altercatio, chapter 2, speech 49 · Evagrius of Gaul | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 400 |
1 Kings 4:29
And God gave Solomon wisdom, exceedingly deep insight, and understanding beyond measure, like the sand on the seashore.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:29 (3 Kgdms 5:9 LXX) | Letters to Virgins 2.12.1 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 3rd century |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 (3 Kgdms 5:9 LXX) | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.75 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.77 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 (3 Kgdms 5:9 LXX) | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.87 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 (3 Kgdms 5:9 LXX) | Against Celsus 3.45 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 (3 Kgdms 5:9 LXX) | Commentary on Romans 2.6 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 244–246 (Rufinus's translation ca. 405–406) |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Against Marcellus 1.2.28 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 336–337 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Oration 43.58 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Homilies 12.1 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 (3 Kgdms 5:9 LXX) | Commentary on Colossians 2:1–3 · Ambrosiaster | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Book of Rules 4 · Tyconius | allusion, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Ancoratus 43.2 · Epiphanius of Salamis | allusion, high confidence | 374 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Theological Oration 2 (Or. 28), On the Doctrine of God 21 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, high confidence | 380 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 (3 Kgdms 5:9 LXX) | Exposition of Psalm 118 4.27.1 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 386-397 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Letter 158.12 · Augustine of Hippo | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–430 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.95.1 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | Explanation of Twelve Psalms 43.95.2 · Ambrose | quotation, high confidence | ca. 387-397 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29–31 | Homily 1 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29–31 | Homily 7 · Gregory of Nyssa | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390–394 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 (3 Kgdms 5:9 LXX) | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 106 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | The Institutes 0.1 · John Cassian | allusion, high confidence | ca. 419–426 |
| 1 Kgs 4:29 | The Conferences 16.27 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |
1 Kings 4:30
Solomon’s wisdom was greater than that of all the men of the East, greater than all the wisdom of Egypt.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:30 (3 Kgdms 5:10 LXX) | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.76 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| 1 Kgs 4:30 (3 Kgdms 5:10 LXX) | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.87 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| 1 Kgs 4:30 | Homilies 12.1 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 363-378 |
| 1 Kgs 4:30 | On the Duties of the Clergy 3.2 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |
1 Kings 4:31
He was wiser than all men—wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, and wiser than Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. And his fame spread throughout the surrounding nations.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:31 (3 Kgdms 5:11 LXX) | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.76 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| 1 Kgs 4:31 (3 Kgdms 5:11 LXX) | Commentary on the Song of Songs 0.87 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| 1 Kgs 4:31 | Against Marcellus 1.2.28 · Eusebius of Caesarea | quotation, high confidence | ca. 336–337 |
1 Kings 4:32
Solomon composed three thousand proverbs, and his songs numbered a thousand and five.
1 Kings 4:33
He spoke of trees, from the cedar in Lebanon to the hyssop growing in the wall, and he taught about animals, birds, reptiles, and fish.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:33 | Against Heresies 4.27.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| 1 Kgs 4:33 | Commentary on the Song of Songs 3.192 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 240–245 (Rufinus's translation ca. 410) |
| 1 Kgs 4:33 | Letter 22.12 · Jerome | allusion, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| 1 Kgs 4:33 | Homilies on Matthew 43.3 · John Chrysostom | allusion, high confidence | ca. 390 |
| 1 Kgs 4:33 | Hexameron (Exameron) 3.64 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 387-390 |
| 1 Kgs 4:33 | Questions and Answers to the Orthodox 55 · Anonymous | allusion, low confidence | 5th century (disputed) |
1 Kings 4:34
So men of all nations came to listen to Solomon’s wisdom, sent by all the kings of the earth, who had heard of his wisdom.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Kgs 4:34 | Against Heresies 4.27.1 · Irenaeus of Lyons | allusion, high confidence | ca. 180–190 |
| 1 Kgs 4:34 (3 Kgdms 5:14 LXX) | Against Celsus 3.45 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| 1 Kgs 4:34 | On the Duties of the Clergy 2.10 · Ambrose | allusion, high confidence | ca. 386–390 |