Acts of Julius the Veteran (complete)
Latin text: Ruinart 1689 (OCR text layer from Google Books; cleaned for this site).English: Claude (claude-opus-5-5), public domain (CC0).
Chapter 1
1Ruinart, scan 709
Tempore persecutionis, quando gloriosa certamina fidelibus oblata et perpetua praemia exspectabant accipere, tunc comprehensus Julius ab officialibus oblatus est Maximo praesidi. Maximus dixit: Quid dicis, Juli? Vera sunt haec quae dicuntur de te? Julius respondit: Ita enim, Christianus sum. Non ego me aliud esse quam sum, dico. Maximus dixit: Quid ergo? ignorasti praecepta regum, quae jubent immolari diis? Julius respondit: Non ignoravi. Christianus vero sum; et hoc facere non possum, quae vos vultis. Nec enim me oportet negare Deum meum vivum et verum. Maximus dixit: Quid enim grave est turificare, et abire? Julius respondit: Non possum excedere praecepta divina, et infidelibus parere. Etenim in vana militia, quando videbar errare in annis viginti et sex, non tamquam scelestus, neque quasi litigiosus oblatus sum judici. Septies in bellum egressus sum; nemini de potestate restiti, nec aliquo deterius pugnavi. Princeps me non vidit aliquando errare: et modo putas me, qui in pejoribus fidelis fueram repertus, in melioribus infidelem posse inveniri? Maximus: Quam gessisti militiam? Julius respondit: Sub armis militavi, et ordine meo egressus sum, veteranus semper. Tamen Deum vivum, qui fecit caelum et terram, colui; etiam et nunc fidelem exhibeo servitutem. Maximus dixit: Juli, video te sapientem et gravem virum. Immola ergo diis persuasus a me. Julius respondit: Non facio quae desideras, neque incurram in peccatum et poenam perpetuam. Maximus dixit: Si putas esse peccatum, mihi adscribatur. Ego tibi vim facio, ne videaris voluntate adquiescere. Postea vero securus vadis in domo tua. Accipies decem denariorum pecuniam, et de cetero nemo tibi erit molestus. Julius respondit: Neque pecunia haec satanae, neque tua subdola persuasio privare me potest a Domino aeterno. Deum enim negare non possum. Da itaque sententiam adversus me, quasi adversus Christianum. Maximus dixit: Nisi fueris regalibus praeceptis devotus, et sacrificaveris, caput tuum amputabo. Julius respondit: Bene cogitasti. Obsecro itaque te, pie praeses, per salutem regum, ut compleas cogitationem tuam; et des in me sententiam, ut perficiantur vota mea. Maximus dixit: Si non vis paenitere et sacrificare, tuo traderis desiderio. Julius respondit: Gratias ago si feceris. Maximus dixit: Tu quidem festinas mori, et putas te pro aliqua laude pati. Julius dixit: Hoc si mereor pati, perpetua mihi manebit gloria. Maximus dixit: Suadeo tibi: si pro patria et legibus patereris, haberes perpetuam laudem. Julius respondit: Pro legibus certe hoc patior, sed pro divinis. Maximus dixit: Qui mortuus et crucifixus vobis tradidit. Vide quam stultus es, qui plus mortuum facis, quam reges qui vivunt. Julius respondit: Ille mortuus est pro peccatis nostris, ut nobis vitam donaret aeternam. Deus vero est permanens in aeternum, quem si quis confessus fuerit habebit vitam aeternam; qui autem negaverit, habebit poenam perpetuam. Maximus dixit: Condoleo tibi, et do consilium ut magis sacrifices, et vivas nobiscum. Julius respondit: Si vixero vobiscum, mors mihi est; si autem mortuus fuero, vivo. Maximus dixit: Audi me, et sacrifica; ne te, ut promisi, occidam. Julius respondit: Hoc est quod frequenter rogavi, si merear ut facias. Maximus dixit: Elegisti ergo magis mori quam vivere. Julius respondit: Elegi mori ad tempus, vivere autem in perpetuum. Sic Maximus praeses dedit sententiam: Julius nolens praeceptis regum adquiescere, capitalem accipiat sententiam.
In the time of persecution, when glorious contests were set before the faithful and they looked to receive eternal rewards, then Julius was arrested by the officials and brought before Maximus the governor. Maximus said, “What do you say, Julius? Are the things said about you true?” Julius answered, “They are; I am a Christian. I do not say that I am anything other than I am.” Maximus said, “What then? Did you not know the commands of the emperors, which order sacrifice to the gods?” Julius answered, “I knew them. But I am a Christian, and I cannot do what you wish. For I must not deny my living and true God.” Maximus said, “What is so grave about offering incense and going away?” Julius answered, “I cannot transgress the divine commands and obey unbelievers. Indeed, in empty military service, when I seemed to be going astray for twenty-six years, I was never brought before a judge as a criminal or as a quarrelsome man. Seven times I went out to war; I resisted no one in authority, nor did I fight worse than anyone. The emperor never saw me go astray; and now do you think that I, who was found faithful in the worse things, can be found unfaithful in the better?” Maximus: “What service did you perform?” Julius answered, “I served under arms, and was discharged in my turn, and have been a veteran ever since. Yet I worshiped the living God, who made heaven and earth; and even now I show him faithful service.” Maximus said, “Julius, I see that you are a wise and serious man. So sacrifice to the gods, persuaded by me.” Julius answered, “I will not do what you desire, nor will I fall into sin and eternal punishment.” Maximus said, “If you think it a sin, let it be charged to me. I am using force on you, so that you may not seem to consent willingly. Afterwards you will go safely home. You will receive a bounty of ten denarii, and no one will trouble you again.” Julius answered, “Neither this money of Satan nor your crafty persuasion can separate me from the eternal Lord. For I cannot deny God. So pass sentence against me as against a Christian.” Maximus said, “Unless you are obedient to the emperors' commands and sacrifice, I will cut off your head.” Julius answered, “You have thought well. So I beg you, dutiful governor, by the welfare of the emperors, carry out your thought and pass sentence on me, so that my prayers may be fulfilled.” Maximus said, “If you will not repent and sacrifice, you will be handed over to your desire.” Julius answered, “I give thanks, if you do so.” Maximus said, “You are in a hurry to die, and you think you are suffering for some glory.” Julius said, “If I am counted worthy to suffer this, eternal glory will remain for me.” Maximus said, “I advise you: if you suffered for your country and its laws, you would have eternal praise.” Julius answered, “It is certainly for laws that I suffer this, but for the divine laws.” Maximus said, “Laws handed down to you by one who died and was crucified! See how foolish you are, who make more of a dead man than of the emperors who live.” Julius answered, “He died for our sins, to give us eternal life. But he is God, abiding for ever; whoever confesses him will have eternal life, but whoever denies him will have eternal punishment.” Maximus said, “I pity you, and I advise you rather to sacrifice and live with us.” Julius answered, “If I live with you, it is death to me; but if I die, I live.” Maximus said, “Listen to me and sacrifice, so that I do not kill you as I promised.” Julius answered, “That is what I have often asked, if I may be counted worthy that you do it.” Maximus said, “So you have chosen to die rather than live.” Julius answered, “I have chosen to die for a time, but to live for ever.” So Maximus the governor gave sentence: “Julius, who refuses to consent to the commands of the emperors, is to receive the capital sentence.”
Luke 16:10 (echo, medium confidence) · Matt 10:32 (allusion, medium confidence) · 1 Cor 15:3 (allusion, medium confidence) · Phil 1:21 (echo, low confidence) · 1 Thess 1:9 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: Julius, a veteran of twenty-six years' service, refuses the governor Maximus's offers and pleas to sacrifice and is sentenced to death.
- The place is Durostorum in Moesia (see ch. 2); the date is probably ca. 304. Ruinart's note reports that the Colbertine manuscript and Bollandus read “twenty-seven” years. “Empty military service” (vana militia) is Julius's own contrast between his former service and his service of God. “Was discharged in my turn, and have been a veteran ever since” renders ordine meo egressus sum, veteranus semper, whose exact sense is uncertain. “Ten denarii” renders decem denariorum pecuniam, as printed. Maximus's words “Qui mortuus et crucifixus vobis tradidit” are incomplete as printed; they are rendered by the evident sense, continuing Julius's word “laws”. “Faithful in the worse … unfaithful in the better” echoes Luke 16:10; “confesses … denies” Matt 10:32–33; “He died for our sins” 1 Cor 15:3; “if I die, I live” echoes Phil 1:21.
Topics: Martyrdom, Persecution, Ethics, War and military service
Cite (SBL): Act. 1 (Ruinart, scan 709; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-iulii-veterani/1). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-iulii-veterani/1
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-acta-iulii-veterani-1) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).
Chapter 2
2Ruinart, scan 710
Cum autem ductus fuisset ad locum solitum sanctus Julius, osculabantur eum omnes. Beatus autem Julius dicebat: Unusquisque videat qualiter osculetur. Hesychius autem quidam Christianus, cum esset miles, et ipse custodiretur, dicebat sancto Julio martyri: Obsecro te, Juli, cum gaudio comple pollicitationem tuam, et accipe coronam, quam Dominus confitentibus se dare promisit, et memor esto mei. Nam et ego subsequor te. Plurimum etiam saluta Pasicratem et Valentionem famulos Dei, qui nos jam per bonam confessionem praecesserunt ad Dominum. Julius vero osculans Hesychium, dixit: Frater, festina venire. Mandata enim tua jam audierunt quos salutasti. Et haec dicens sanctus Julius accepit orarium, et ligavit oculos suos, et tetendit cervicem suam, et dixit: Domine Jesu Christe, pro cujus nomine haec patior, tu cum sanctis tuis meum collocare dignare spiritum. Minister itaque diaboli educens gladium, finem imposuit beatissimo Martyri. Martyrizatus est autem venerabilis Dei famulus Julius apud provinciam Moesiam in civitate Dorostorensi, die VI. Kal. Jun., agente Maximo praeside, regnante Domino nostro Jesu Christo, cui gloria in saecula saeculorum, Amen.
When holy Julius had been led to the usual place, all kissed him. But blessed Julius said, “Let each one look to how he kisses.” A certain Hesychius, a Christian, who was a soldier and was himself held in custody, said to the holy martyr Julius, “I beg you, Julius, fulfill your promise with joy, and receive the crown which the Lord has promised to give to those who confess him; and remember me. For I too am following you. And give my warmest greetings to Pasicrates and Valentio, servants of God, who have already gone before us to the Lord by a good confession.” Julius, kissing Hesychius, said, “Brother, hurry to come. For those whom you greeted have already heard your message.” And saying this, holy Julius took a cloth and bound his eyes, and stretched out his neck, and said, “Lord Jesus Christ, for whose name I suffer this, deign to place my spirit with your saints.” So the minister of the devil drew his sword and put an end to the most blessed martyr. The venerable servant of God Julius was martyred in the province of Moesia, in the city of Durostorum, on the sixth day before the Kalends of June, under Maximus the governor, in the reign of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.
Luke 22:48 (echo, low confidence) · Jas 1:12 (echo, medium confidence) · Rev 2:10 (echo, low confidence) · 1 Tim 6:12 (echo, low confidence)
Notes and citation
Summary: At the place of execution Julius greets the imprisoned soldier Hesychius, prays to Christ, and is beheaded at Durostorum on 27 May.
- “Let each one look to how he kisses” is a warning that the kiss be sincere (compare the kiss of Judas, Luke 22:48); the text gives no further explanation. Pasicrates and Valentio are soldier martyrs of Durostorum. The crown promised to those who confess him echoes Jas 1:12 and Rev 2:10; “good confession” 1 Tim 6:12.
Topics: Martyrdom, War and military service
Cite (SBL): Act. 2 (Ruinart, scan 710; trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-iulii-veterani/2). (abbreviation not yet checked)
Permanent link: https://sophiascriptura.com/p/acta-iulii-veterani/2
BibTeX · RIS · CSL-JSON (whole work; this passage's key: sophiascriptura-acta-iulii-veterani-2) · Report an error
Translation: Translated by Claude from the Latin of Ruinart, Acta primorum martyrum sincera (1689), OCR corrected as logged corrections, and re-read against the Latin (no public-domain English translation).