Nahum 1 in the early church
26 passages quote, allude to, or echo Nahum 1, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 9 · 14 · 15
Nahum 1 as a whole
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1–Nah:3 | Canon 60 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | ca. 343–381 |
| Nah 1–Nah:3 | Canon 47 · Anonymous | allusion, high confidence | 397 |
Nahum 1:1
This is the burden against Nineveh, the book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite:
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:1–2 | Oration 16.15 · Gregory of Nazianzus | quotation, high confidence | ca. 362–383 |
Nahum 1:2
The LORD is a jealous and avenging God; the LORD is avenging and full of wrath. The LORD takes vengeance on His foes and reserves wrath for His enemies.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:2 | Preparation for the Gospel 11.13.7 · Eusebius of Caesarea | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 313–324 |
Nahum 1:3
The LORD is slow to anger and great in power; the LORD will by no means leave the guilty unpunished. His path is in the whirlwind and storm, and clouds are the dust beneath His feet.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:3 | Apostolic Constitutions 8.7.7 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
| Nah 1:3 | Formulae of Spiritual Understanding 2 · Eucherius of Lyon | quotation, high confidence | ca. 420-430 |
Nahum 1:4
He rebukes the sea and dries it up; He makes all the rivers run dry. Bashan and Carmel wither, and the flower of Lebanon wilts.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:4 | Against Marcion 4.20 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Nah 1:4 | Apostolic Constitutions 8.7.7 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
Nahum 1:5
The mountains quake before Him, and the hills melt away; the earth trembles at His presence—the world and all its dwellers.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:5–6 | Oration 16.10 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
Nahum 1:6
Who can withstand His indignation? Who can endure His burning anger? His wrath is poured out like fire; even rocks are shattered before Him.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:6 | Commentary on Jeremiah 4.60 · Jerome | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 414-419 |
Nahum 1:9
Whatever you plot against the LORD, He will bring to an end. Affliction will not rise up a second time.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:9 | Homilies on Ezekiel 1.2 · Origen | quotation, high confidence | ca. 238–250 (Jerome's translation in the 380s) |
| Nah 1:9 | Homilies on Leviticus 11.2 · Origen | echo, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Nah 1:9 | Homilies on Leviticus 14.4 · Origen | echo, medium confidence | ca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410) |
| Nah 1:9 | Letters 188, 189 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Nah 1:9 | Letters 198, 199 · Basil of Caesarea | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 357–378 |
| Nah 1:9 | Oration 16.15 · Gregory of Nazianzus | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 362–383 |
| Nah 1:9 | Letter 36.5 · Jerome | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Nah 1:9 | Letter 68.1 · Jerome | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Nah 1:9 | Letter 118.6 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Nah 1:9 | Apostolic Canon 25 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 380 |
Nahum 1:14
The LORD has issued a command concerning you, O Nineveh: “There will be no descendants to carry on your name. I will cut off the carved image and cast idol from the house of your gods; I will prepare your grave, for you are contemptible.”
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:14 | City of God 18.31 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
Nahum 1:15
Look to the mountains—the feet of one who brings good news, who proclaims peace! Celebrate your feasts, O Judah; fulfill your vows. For the wicked will never again march through you; they will be utterly cut off.
| Reference | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nah 1:15 (2:1 LXX) | Against Marcion 4.13 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Nah 1:15 | Commentary on Romans 10:14 · Ambrosiaster | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 366–384 |
| Nah 1:15 | Letter 53.8 · Jerome | quotation, high confidence | ca. 370–419 |
| Nah 1:15 | City of God 18.31 · Augustine of Hippo | quotation, high confidence | 413–426 |
| Nah 1:15 (2:1 Vulg.) | The Conferences 21.23 · John Cassian | quotation, high confidence | ca. 426–429 |