Hosea 4 in the early church

[Vulgate: Osee]

49 passages quote, allude to, or echo Hosea 4, grouped by verse; passages on the same verse are in date order. Verse text from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain). References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.

Verses: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 8 · 9 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 16 · 19

Hosea 4:1

Hear the word of the LORD, O children of Israel, for the LORD has a case against the people of the land: “There is no truth, no loving devotion, and no knowledge of God in the land!

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:1Against Heresies 1.19.1 · Irenaeus of Lyonsquotation, high confidenceca. 180–190
Hos 4:1–3To Quirinus 3.47 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidenceca. 248–250 (book 3 perhaps later)
Hos 4:1To Demetrian 9 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence252–253
Hos 4:1Panarion (Adversus Haereses), Haer. 1-64 34.18.3 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374-377

Hosea 4:2

Cursing and lying, murder and stealing, and adultery are rampant; one act of bloodshed follows another.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:2To Demetrian 9 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence252–253
Hos 4:2Preparation for the Gospel 12.30.3 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 313–324
Hos 4:2Catechetical Lecture 12.7 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Hos 4:2Catechetical Lecture 15.2 · Cyril of Jerusalemallusion, medium confidenceca. 350
Hos 4:2Homilies on Matthew 68.1 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
Hos 4:2Homilies on Matthew 74.1 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390
Hos 4:2On 1 Cor 7:39, section 2 · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 390

Hosea 4:3

Therefore the land mourns, and all who dwell in it will waste away with the beasts of the field and the birds of the air; even the fish of the sea disappear.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:3To Demetrian 9 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, high confidence252–253
Hos 4:3Divine Institutes 7.16.8 · Lactantiusecho, low confidenceca. 303–311

Hosea 4:4

But let no man contend; let no man offer reproof; for your people are like those who contend with a priest.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:4To Demetrian 9 · Cyprian of Carthagequotation, medium confidence252–253

Hosea 4:5

You will stumble by day, and the prophet will stumble with you by night; so I will destroy your mother—

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:5Eleven Tractates 1.22 · Priscillianquotation, medium confidenceca. 380–385

Hosea 4:6

My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge. Because you have rejected knowledge, I will also reject you as My priests. Since you have forgotten the law of your God, I will also forget your children.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:6Demonstration 14.17 · Aphrahatquotation, high confidence337-345
Hos 4:6Apostolic Constitutions 6.15.3 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Hos 4:6Liber Orsiesii 11 · Orsiesiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380-390
Hos 4:6Eleven Tractates 1.22 · Priscillianquotation, medium confidenceca. 380–385
Hos 4:6The Conferences 14.16 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

Hosea 4:8

They feed on the sins of My people and set their hearts on iniquity.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:8Homilies on Leviticus 5.3 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Hos 4:8Homily 14.2 on 1 Timothy · John Chrysostomquotation, high confidenceca. 392-397

Hosea 4:9

And it shall be like people, like priest. I will punish both of them for their ways and repay them for their deeds.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:9Demonstration 14.3 · Aphrahatallusion, medium confidence337-345
Hos 4:9Oration 2.38 · Gregory of Nazianzusquotation, high confidenceca. 362–383
Hos 4:9Oration 16.10 · Gregory of Nazianzusecho, low confidenceca. 362–383
Hos 4:9Letter 128.5 · Jeromequotation, high confidenceca. 370–419
Hos 4:9Apostolic Constitutions 2.6.4 · Anonymousquotation, high confidenceca. 380
Hos 4:9Liber Orsiesii 31 · Orsiesiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380-390

Hosea 4:12

My people consult their wooden idols, and their divining rods inform them. For a spirit of prostitution leads them astray and they have played the harlot against their God.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:12On Modesty 5 · Tertullianallusion, medium confidenceca. 210–220
Hos 4:12Commentary on Matthew 15.18 · Origenallusion, high confidenceca. 246–248
Hos 4:12Demonstration of the Gospel 10.2.13 · Eusebius of Caesareaquotation, high confidenceca. 314–324
Hos 4:12Catechetical Lecture 16.15 · Cyril of Jerusalemquotation, high confidenceca. 350
Hos 4:12Life of Antony 6 · Athanasius of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 357–360
Hos 4:12Tractates 1.13.6 · Zeno of Veronaquotation, high confidenceca. 362-380
Hos 4:12Ancoratus 72.5 · Epiphanius of Salamisquotation, high confidence374
Hos 4:12The Conferences 7.32 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429
Hos 4:12The Conferences 14.11 · John Cassianquotation, high confidenceca. 426–429

Hosea 4:13

They sacrifice on the mountaintops and burn offerings on the hills, under oak, poplar, and terebinth, because their shade is pleasant. And so your daughters turn to prostitution and your daughters-in-law to adultery.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:13Tractates on the Psalms 120.4 · Hilary of Poitiersallusion, low confidenceca. 360–367
Hos 4:13Oration 38.14 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, medium confidenceca. 362–383
Hos 4:13Oration 45.26 · Gregory of Nazianzusallusion, low confidenceca. 362–383

Hosea 4:14

I will not punish your daughters when they prostitute themselves, nor your daughters-in-law when they commit adultery. For the men themselves go off with prostitutes and offer sacrifices with shrine prostitutes. So a people without understanding will come to ruin.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:14The Instructor 1.9.77 · Clement of Alexandriaquotation, high confidenceca. 190–200
Hos 4:14Eclogae on Exodus-Judges, column 293 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Hos 4:14PG 12:1185 (Ps 8–9 LXX) · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 220-254
Hos 4:14Homilies on Exodus 8.5 · Origenquotation, high confidenceca. 238–250 (Rufinus's translation ca. 400–410)
Hos 4:14Letter 140.15 · Jeromeallusion, high confidenceca. 370–419
Hos 4:14–15Liber Orsiesii 43 · Orsiesiusquotation, high confidenceca. 380-390

Hosea 4:16

For Israel is as obstinate as a stubborn heifer. Can the LORD now shepherd them like lambs in an open meadow?

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:16Oration 26.18 · Gregory of Nazianzusecho, low confidenceca. 362–383
Hos 4:16Homilies 13.1 · Basil of Caesareaallusion, high confidenceca. 363-378

Hosea 4:19

The whirlwind has wrapped them in its wings, and their sacrifices will bring them shame.

BSB
ReferencePassageKindDate
Hos 4:19Eleven Tractates 1.7 · Priscillianquotation, medium confidenceca. 380–385