Against Celsus 5.55

Summary: Origen mentions an earlier interpreter who read the 'sons of God' and 'daughters of men' of Genesis 6 as souls desiring bodies, and mocks Celsus's claim that hot springs are fallen angels' tears, since tears are salty.

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Greek text · Koetschau 2:58–59

Ἀλλʼ ἵνα καὶ εὐγνωμονέστερον αὐτῷ δῶμεν ἃ μὴ ἑώρακεν ἀπὸ τῶν ἐν τῇ Γενέσει γεγραμμένων. ὅτι „ἰδόντες οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ θεοῦ τὰς θυγατέρας τῶν ἀνθρώπων ὅτι καλαί εἰσιν, ἔλαβον ἑαυτοῖς γυναῖκας ἀπὸ πασῶν ὧν ἐξελέξαντο“· οὐδὲν ἧττον καὶ περὶ τούτων τοῖς δυναμένοις ἀκούειν προφητικοῦ βουλήματος πείσομεν ὅτι καὶ τῶν πρὸ ἡμῶν τις ταῦτα ἀνήγαγεν εἰς τὸν περὶ ψυχῶν λόγον, ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ γενομένων τοῦ ἐν σώματι ἀνθρώπων βίου. ἅπερ τροπολογῶν ἔφασκε λελέχθαι „θυγατέρας ἀνθρώπων.“ πλὴν ὅπως ποτʼ ἂν ἔχῃ καὶ τὰ περὶ τοὺς ἐπιθυμήσαντας θυγατέρων ἀνθρώπων υἱοὺς θεῶν, οὐδὲν αὐτῷ συμβάλλεται ὁ λόγος πρὸς τὸ μὴ μόνον τὸν Ἰησοῦν ὡς ἄγγελον ἐπιδεδημηκέναι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις, σωτῆρα καὶ εὐεργέτην ἐναργῶς πάντων τῶν μεταβαλλόντων ἀπὸ τῆς χύσεως τῆς κακίας γεγενημένον. εἶτα φύρων καὶ συγχέων ἃ ὅπως ποτὲ ἤκουσε καὶ τὰ ὅπου ποτʼ οὖν γεγραμμένα, εἴτε δεδογμένα θεῖα εἶναι παρὰ Χριστιανοῖς εἴτε καὶ μὴ, φησὶ τοὺς ὁμοῦ καταβεβηκότας ἑξήκοντα ἢ ἑβδομήκοντα κολάζεσθαι δεσμοῖς ὑποβληθέντας ἐν γῇ. καὶ φέρει ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἐνὼχ, οὐκ ὀνομάζων αὐτὸν, τό· ὅθεν καὶ τὰς θερμὰς πηγὰς εἶναι τὰ ἐκείνων δάκρυα, πρᾶγμα οὔτε λεγόμενον οὔτʼ ἀκουόμενον ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τοῦ θεοῦ. οὐδὲ γὰρ ἀνόητος οὕτως τις ἦν. ἵνα σωματοποιήσῃ δάκρυα παραπλήσια τοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐν τοῖς καταβεβηκόσιν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἀγγέλοις. καὶ εἰ χρή γε παίζειν πρὸς τὰ καθʼ ἡμῶν σπουδαζόμενα τῷ Κέλσῳ, λεκτέον ὅτι οὐκ ἄν τις εἶπε τὰς θερμὰς πηγὰς, ὧν αἱ πλεῖσται γλυκεῖαί εἰσι, δάκρυα εἶναι τῶν ἀγγέλων, ἐπεὶ ἡ φύσις τῶν δακρύων ἐστὶν ἁλμυρά· εἰ μὴ ἄρα οἱ κατὰ τὸν Κέλσον ἄγγελοι γλυκέα δακρύουσιν.

English · Claude translation

But, to grant him more generously what he did not see in what is written in Genesis, that "the sons of God, seeing the daughters of men that they were beautiful, took for themselves wives from all whom they chose," we will nonetheless persuade those able to hear the prophetic intent on this subject too that one of those before us referred these words to the doctrine of souls that came to desire life in a human body, which, he said, is figuratively called "daughters of men." However things stand concerning the sons of God who desired the daughters of men, the account contributes nothing to Celsus's claim that Jesus was not the only one who came to human beings as an angel, having clearly become the Saviour and benefactor of all who turn from the flood of vice. Then, mixing and confusing whatever he heard in whatever way, and what is written wherever it may be, whether considered divine among Christians or not, he says that the sixty or seventy who came down together are punished, being cast in chains under the earth. And he brings in, as from Enoch, without naming him: "whence also the hot springs are their tears," a thing neither said nor heard in the churches of God. For no one was so foolish as to give bodily form to tears like those of human beings in the angels who came down from heaven. And if we may jest in reply to what Celsus earnestly urges against us, it must be said that no one would have said that hot springs, most of which are fresh, are the tears of angels, since the nature of tears is salty; unless perhaps Celsus's angels weep fresh tears.

About this passage

Source
Koetschau 2:58–59 · Paul Koetschau, ed., Origenes Werke 1–2: Gegen Celsus, GCS 2–3 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899) · Greek text: P. Koetschau, Origenes Werke 1–2 (GCS 2–3, 1899), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Text
As printed in Koetschau, GCS 2–3. Manuscript variants and the editor's apparatus are not reproduced; no textual problem is noted in this passage.
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-27 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Koetschau, GCS 2–3; made independently of existing English translations.
Compare
Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4 (1885) (an older public-domain English translation, whole volume at CCEL; checked against ours only after ours was made)
Scripture
  • Gen 6:2 · quotation, high confidence
Extrabiblical texts
  • 1 En. 67 (1 Enoch) · allusion, low confidence
Topics
Scripture and canon

Notes

Translation notes

  • The quotation is Gen 6:2. "One of those before us" is unidentified (possibly Philo, On the Giants 6–18). The hot-springs detail is attributed to Enoch (cf. 1 En. 67). The stray raised dot in the digital text before ἐν σώματι is removed.

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (stray punctuation in the digital text): γενομένων τοῦ· ἐν σώματι → γενομένων τοῦ ἐν σώματι.

Cite this passage

Origen, Cels. 5.55 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/5/55/).

Plain text
Origen, Cels. 5.55 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/origen-celsum/5/55/).

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