First Apology 19

Summary: The resurrection of the body is no harder to believe than human birth from a small seed.

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Greek text · Rauschen, 40–42

Καὶ κατανοοῦντι, τί ἀπιστότερον ἂν μᾶλλον δόξαι, ἢ εἰ ἐν σώματι μὴ ὑπήρχομεν καί τις ἔλεγεν, ἐκ μικρᾶς τινος ῥανίδος τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρωπείου σπέρματος δυνατὸν ὀστέα τε καὶ νεῦρα καὶ σάρκας εἰκονοποιηθέντα, οἷα ὁρῶμεν, γενέσθαι; Ἔστω γὰρ νῦν ἐφʼ ὑποθέσεως λεγόμενον· εἴ τις ἡμῖν μὴ οὖσι τοιούτοις μηδὲ τοιούτων ἔλεγε, τὸ σπέρμα τὸ ἀνθρώπειον δεικνὺς καὶ εἰκόνα γραπτήν, ἐκ τοῦ τοιοῦδε τοιόνδε γενέσθαι διαβεβαιούμενος, πρὶν ἰδεῖν γενόμενον ἐπιστεύσατε; οὐκ ἄν τις τολμήσειεν ἀντειπεῖν. Τὸν αὐτὸν οὖν τρόπον διὰ τὸ μήπω ἑωρακέναι ὑμᾶς ἀναστάντα νεκρὸν ἀπιστία ἔχει. Ἀλλʼ ὃν τρόπον τὴν ἀρχὴν οὐκ ἂν ἐπιστεύσατε ἐκ τῆς μικρᾶς ῥανίδος δυνατὸν τοιούτους γενέσθαι, καὶ ὁρᾶτε γινομένους, τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον λογίσασθε, ὅτι διαλυθέντα καὶ δίκην σπερμάτων εἰς γῆν διαχυθέντα τὰ ἀνθρώπεια σώματα κατὰ καιρὸν προστάξει θεοῦ ἀναστῆναι καὶ „ἀφθαρσίαν ἐνδύσασθαι“ οὐκ ἀδύνατον. Ποίαν γὰρ ἀξίαν θεοῦ δύναμιν λέγουσιν οἱ φάσκοντες εἰς ἐκεῖνο χωρεῖν ἕκαστον ἐξ οὗπερ ἐγένετο, καὶ παρὰ ταῦτα μηδὲν ἄλλο δύνασθαι μηδὲ τὸν θεόν, οὐκ ἔχομεν λέγειν· ἀλλʼ ἐκεῖνο συνορῶμεν, ὅτι οὐκ ἂν ἐπίστευσαν δυνατὸν εἶναι τοιούτους ποτὲ γενέσθαι, ὁποίους καὶ ἑαυτοὺς καὶ τὸν σύμπαντα κόσμον καὶ ἐξ ὁποίων γεγενημένα ὁρῶσι. Κρεῖττον δὲ πιστεύειν καὶ τὰ τῇ ἑαυτῶν φύσει καὶ ἀνθρώποις ἀδύνατα, ἢ ὁμοίως τοῖς ἄλλοις ἀπιστεῖν παρειλήφαμεν, ἐπειδὴ καὶ τὸν ἡμέτερον διδάσκαλον Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἔγνωμεν εἰπόντα· „Τὰ ἀδύνατα παρὰ ἀνθρώποις δυνατὰ παρὰ θεῷ“. Καὶ εἶπε· „Μὴ φοβεῖσθε τοὺς ἀναιροῦντας ὑμᾶς καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα μὴ δυναμένους τι ποιῆσαι, φοβήθητε δὲ τὸν μετὰ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν δυνάμενον καὶ ψυχὴν καὶ σῶμα εἰς γέενναν ἐμβαλεῖν“. Ἡ δὲ γέεννά ἐστι τόπος, ἔνθα κολάζεσθαι μέλλουσιν οἱ ἀδίκως βιώσαντες καὶ μὴ πιστεύοντες ταῦτα γενήσεσθαι, ὅσα ὁ θεὸς διὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐδίδαξε.

English · Claude translation

And to one who considers it, what would seem more incredible than this: if we were not in the body, and someone said that from a small drop of human seed it is possible for bones and sinews and flesh to be formed, such as we see? Let it now be said by way of supposition: if someone told you, when you were not such beings nor born of such, showing the human seed and a painted image, and affirmed that from this such a thing is formed, would you have believed it before seeing it happen? No one would dare to deny it. In the same way, then, unbelief holds you because you have not yet seen a dead man rise. But just as at first you would not have believed that from the small drop such beings could come to be, and yet you see them come to be, in the same way consider that it is not impossible that human bodies, dissolved and scattered like seeds into the earth, will rise in due time at God's command and “put on incorruption.” For what power worthy of God those speak of who say that each thing returns to that from which it came, and that not even God can do anything beyond this, we cannot say; but we see this, that they would not have believed it possible that they themselves and the whole world should ever come to be such as they see, and from such things. And we have learned that it is better to believe even what is impossible to our own nature and to men than to disbelieve like the rest, since we know that our Teacher Jesus Christ said, “What is impossible with men is possible with God.” And he said, “Do not fear those who kill you and after that can do nothing more; but fear the one who after death is able to cast both soul and body into Gehenna.” And Gehenna is the place where those will be punished who have lived unjustly and do not believe that these things will come to pass which God taught through Christ.

About this passage

Source
Rauschen, 40–42 · Gerhard Rauschen, ed., S. Iustini Apologiae duae, Florilegium Patristicum 2 (Bonn: Hanstein, 1911), 8–114 · Greek text: G. Rauschen, S. Iustini Apologiae duae (Florilegium Patristicum 2, 1911), digitized by the Perseus Digital Library and published by the First Thousand Years of Greek project (Open Greek and Latin), CC BY-SA 4.0
Translation
Claude translation (claude-opus-5-5), 2026-09-26 · Translated by Claude from the Greek text of Rauschen (Florilegium Patristicum 2, 1911); made independently of existing English translations.
Scripture
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Eschatology

Notes

Notes on the original text

  • Digital text corrected (digitization slip against Rauschen's printed text (wrong accent); digitization slips: doubled punctuation and a garbled word): λεγόμενον.· εἴ τις ἱ μῖν → λεγόμενον· εἴ τις ἡμῖν; Τὸν αὐτὸν οὗν τρόπον → Τὸν αὐτὸν οὖν τρόπον.

Cite this passage

Justin, 1 Apol. 19 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-1-apology/19/).

Plain text
Justin, 1 Apol. 19 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/justin-1-apology/19/).

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