Didascalia Apostolorum 5.20–6.11.2

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

But let us observe and see, brethren, that most men s in their mourning imitate the Sabbath ; and they likewise who keep Sabbath imitate mourning. For he that mourns kindles no light : neither do the People on the Sabbath, because of the commandment of Moses; for so it was commanded them by him. He that mourns takes no bath: nor yet the People on the io Sabbath. He that mourns does not prepare a table: neither do the People on the Sabbath, but prepare and lay for themselves the evening before; because they have a presentiment of mourning,secing that they were to lay hands on Jesus. He that mourns docs no work, and does not speak, but sits in sorrow: so too the ig People on the Sabbath ; for it was said to the People concerning the mourning of the Sabbath thus: Thou shalt not lift thy Joot to do any work, and thou shalt speak no word out of thy mouth. Now who testifies that the Sabbath is a mourning for them? The Scripture testifies, and saith: Then shall the 29 people lament, family overagainst family: the family of the house of Levi apart, and their women apart; the house of Fudah apart, and their women apart: even as, after the mourning of Christ until now, on the ninth of the month of Ab (August) they come together and read the Lamentations of Jeremiah 16 Thou shalt not, etc.] dpeis aov en’ haga eis bpyq ordpurds aov Isa. lviii 13 (LXX). The reference is supplied by Punk; Flemming took the words to be from an apocryphal source ; and so Kesch p. 298. 18-19 that the Sabbath ... The Scripture] B H, S marg. 23 month of Ab] Cf. Josephus Bell. Lud. vi 4.5 (as to the destruction of the temple by the Romans) rod 6’ dpa Kareyy perro pev wip 6 beds mada, mapy 4 srepiodous Ao0v pnvds, fjv kai Uno TOU tov BaBvAeviov pn On. On the dates ‘gth’ or ‘roth’ see Jewish Encyclop. s.v. Ab’, Comp. St. Jerome /n Sophon. i f.‘ Uideas in die quo capta esta Romanis et diruta Ierusalem uenisse populum lugubrem, confluere decrepitas mulierculas et senes pannis annisque obsitos ... Congregatur turba miserorum . . . plangere ruinam templi sui populum miserum’, etc. (quoted by and wail and lament. Now nine represents Theta; but Theta denotes God. For God therefore they lament, even for Christ who suffered—rather, on account of God our Saviour, but over themselves and their own destruction. Does any man lament, brethren, except he have a grief? Therefore do you also mourn for them on the day of the Sabbath of the Pascha until the third hour in the night following; and thereafter, in the Resurrection of Christ, rejoice and make good cheer for their sake, and break your fast; and the surplus of en your fast of six days offer to the Lord God. And let those of io you who have abundance of worldly possessions minister diligently to those who are poor and needy and refresh them, that the reward of your fast may be received. Wherever, then, the Fourteenth of the Pascha falls, so keep it; for neither the month nor the day squares with the same season every year, but is variable. When therefore that People keeps the Passover, do you fast; and be careful to perform your vigil within their (feast of) unleavened bread. But on the first day of the week make good cheer at all times ; for he is guilty of sin, whosoever afflicts his soul on the first of the week. And hence it is not lawful, apart from the Pascha, for any one to fast during those three hours of the night between the Sabbath and the first of the week, because that night belongs to the first of the week; but in the Pascha alone you are to fast these three hours of that night, being assembled together, you who are Christians, in the Lord. I represents The same unexpected order again at p. 216, 1.15, where seealsoLat. 17-18 perform your vigil, etc.] pacxovcr (sc. the A postles) rijv dypurviay pepe pecaCdyray Epiphan. Haer.lxxto. Didase. would appear to mean that the Saturday before Easter day should be the first Saturday after the Jewish Passover. The Christian fast is fixed to the days of the week— Monday to Saturday—so that the days may coincide with those of the week in which Christ suffered. Thusthe Passoverisan index only to the date of the Pascha week: there is no question here of Quartodecimanism, only of the date of Easter. The Quartodecimans observed ' the 14th of the first month, on whatever day (of the week) it might fall’ (Hippolytus Philos. viii 18). 19-20 for he is guilty of sin, etc.] yap &arat

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

Before all things beware of all abominable and evil and bitter heresies, and fly from them as from a blazing fire, and from those who adhere to them. For if when a man makes a schism, he condemns himself to fire together with ro those who go astray after him, how much more if one go and sink himself in the heresies. For know this, that if any of you covet the primacy and dare to make a schism, he shall inherit the place of Korah and Dathan and Abiram, he and they that are with him, and with them he shall be condemned to fire. For even the adherents of Korah were Levites, and ministered in the tabernacle of witness; but they coveted the primacy, and desired the high priesthood ; and they began to speak evil of the great Moses, because, said they, he is married to a heathen woman—/for he had an Ethiopian wife—and is defiled with her; and many others, and they of the following of Zimri, who committed fornication with the Midianite women, are with him. And the people, said they, that are with him are defiled; and his brother Aaron, too, was the author of idolatry, who made for his people the molten and graven image. And they spoke evil of Moses,

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

who wrought so many mighty works and signs from God for the People; who did these excellent and marvellous works for their benefit; who brought the ten plagues upon the Egyptians; who divided the Red Sea that the waters stood up as a wall on this side and on that, and caused the People to pass over as in the dry desert, and drowned their enemies and them that evil entreated them, and all that were with them ; who made sweet for them the fountain of water, and brought them forth streams from the flinty rock, so that they drank and were satisfied; who brought them down manna from heaven, and with the manna gave them also flesh ; who gave them a pillar of fire by night for light and guidance, and a cloud by day for a covert, and in the desert stretched forth the hand to them for the dispensation of the Law, and gave them the Ten Words of God. And they spoke evil against the friend and good servant of the Lord God, as men glorying in righteousness, and boasting of holiness, and making a show of purity, and in hypocrisy making a display of service. And thus, as puritans and sticklers for holiness, they said: *Let us not be polluted with Moses and the people that is with him, because they are defiled. And there rose up two hundred and fifty men, and they (Korah, &c.) led them astray to forsake the great Moses, that (men) might suppose con- 2g cerning them that they were giving God more glory and ministering to Him more zealously. For among that multitude of the people aforesaid but one censer of incense was offered to the Lord God; but they who were in the schism, two hundred and fifty men with their leaders, offered each one a censer of incense, two hundred and fifty censers, as though forsooth they were far more religious and pure and zealous than Moses and Aaron and the people that was with them. But the more numerous ministry of those in the schism availed them nothing, but fire was kindled from before as the Lord, and devoured them; and those two hundred and fifty men were burned up, holding the censers in their hands. And the earth opened her mouth and swallowed up Korah and Dathan and Abiram, and their tents and their vessels, and all that were with them: and they went down alive to Sheol unto punishment. And thus were the error-leaders of the schism swallowed up by the earth; and those two hundred and fifty men who went astray were burned with fire while the whole people beheld it. But the most of the people the Lord spared, among whom were many sinners, whom the Lord would judge each according to his works. And the most of the people He spared; but those who supposed that they were pure and holy, and performing a better ministry, the fire devoured, because that they were in the schism. And the Lord said to Moses and to Aaron: Take the censers of brass from the midst of the burning, and make (of) them fine plates, and overlay the altar therewith; that the children of Israel may see, and no more do so. And scatter the strange five there; because it hath sanctified the censers of (them that were) sinners in their souls. Let us regard therefore and see, beloved, the end of the schismatics, what befell them. For though they should appear pure and holy and chaste, their last end is given unto fire and burning everlasting. Let this then inspire you with fear, that even the fire of the schismatics was judged with fire: not because it sanctified the censers, but because they zz their souls as sanctified them ; that is, forasmuch as the fire was performing its work, they also supposed in their heart, and zz ZZezr souls, that their censers were holy. For it behoved the fire, which was employed for the ministry of transgression and the provocation of God, not to obey them but to cease from its opera- tion, or to be quenched, and not to devour or burn or consume that which was put upon it. But now, because it did not the will of the Lord God, but obeyed the schismatics, therefore it was said: And scatter also the strange fire there; that is, With fire the Lord judgeth the fire.

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

If therefore upon those schismatics, who supposed that they were glorifying God, this threat and judgement was laid, what will happen to these heretics who blaspheme Him? Do you then, when you see from the Scriptures with the eyes of faith the plates of brass laid over the altar, beware of making schisms. For the adherents of Korah, Dathan and Abiram were made a monument and example of the destrucro tion of schismatics; and every one who imitates them shall perish even as they. As men therefore who believe and know, keep yourselves far from schisms, and go not near them in any wise: as Moses said concerning them to the people: Separate yourselves from among these stubborn men, and come not near to any thing that is theirs, lest ye perish with them in all their sins. And when the anger of the Lord had burned against the schismatics, it is written that the people fled from them, and said: Lest the earth swallow us also with them. So then do you also, as men contending for their lives, flee from schisms; and those who would do any such thing reject, for you know the place of their condemnation.

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

But as for heresies, be unwilling even to hear their names, and defile not your ears (with them) ; for not only do they in no wise glorify God, but they verily blaspheme against Him. Wherefore, the heathen are judged because they have not known, but the heretics are condemned because they withstand God: as also our Lord and Saviour Jesus said: 2 With fire the Lord judgeth the fire] See also p. 196,1. 24 above. Band S have in the margin this comment: ‘ With fire the Lord judgeth the fire: because fire came out from before the Lord and burned up those who offered incense without authority’. As the author appears to treat the phrase as a Scriptural saying, we may compare Isa. lxvi 16 r@ mvpi Kupiov kptOnoerar ij yj, where Heb. has ‘for with fire the Lord will judge’. There shall be heresies and schisms: and again: Woe unto the world because of scandals. For it must needs be that scandals and schisms come: yet woe to the man by whom they come. Then indeed we did but hear, but now we have also seen, even as the Scripture declares by Jeremiah saying: Defile- ment is gone forth in all the earth. Now these defilements, of heresies, ave gone forth; and they have come about for the persuasion of our hearts, and for the confirming of our belief that those things which were foretold are true; for behold, they have come to pass and are accomplished. For all the ro working of the Lord our God has passed from the People to the Church through us the Apostles; and He has withdrawn Himself and left the People, as it is written in Isaiah: He hath left his people the house of Facob; and: Ferusalem is deserted, and Fudah is fallen. And their tongues are (busy) is with iniquity, and they obey not the Lord; and: I will leave (my) vineyard; and: Behold, your house ts left to you desolate. He has left that People, therefore, and has filled the Church ; and He has accounted her a mountain of habitation, and throne of glory, and lofty house, as He said in David: The mount of the Lord is a mountain of fatness, a mountain of peaks. What think ye of the mountain of peaks? It ts the mountain which the Lord hath chosen him to dwell therein: the Lord shall abide therein for ever. You see then how He Mt. xxiv IT, 24. 3 and schisms| Added under influence of the previous the beginning of a quotation is left before ‘defilements’ in 1. 6. The saith to others: What think ye? even to those who err (in thinking) that there are other churches : for one is she that is the mountain of God's sanctuary. And by Isaiah He said again: In the last days the mountain of the house of the Lord, the God of Facob, shall be established on the top of the mountains, and higher than the hills; and all nations shall look unto it; and many peoples shall go and say: Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, and to the house of the God of Jacob ; and he shall teach us his way, and we will go therein. ro And again He said: There shall be signs and wonders in the midst of the people from the Lord of Sabaoth, and him that dwelleth in Mount Zion. And again by Jeremiah He said: A high throne is our sanctuary. As then He left the People, so did He leave their temple to them desolate; and He rent the veil, and took away from it the Holy Spirit, and shed Him upon them that believed from among the Gentiles, as He said by Joel: Z will pour out of my spirit upon all flesh. For He took away the Holy Spirit, and the power of the word, and all the ministry from that People, and set it in His Now in like manner did Satan also, the tempter, depart from that People and come against the Church. And he now no longer tempts that People, because by their evil works they have fallen into his hands, but he has set about to tempt the Church and to exercise his agency in her. And he has raised up against her afflictions and persecutions, and blasphemies and heresies and schisms.

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

Formerly indeed, in that time, there were heresies and schisms in that People; but now Satan by his evil agency has driven forth (some) that were of the Church, and has made heresies and schisms.

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

Now the beginning of heresies was on this wise. Satan clothed himself in a certain Simon, one that was a magician and his minister of old; and when we, by the gift of the Lord our God and by the power of the Holy Spirit, were working miracles of healing in Jerusalem, and by the laying on of our hand the fellowship of the Holy Spirit was given to those who drew nigh (to the faith), then Ze offered us much money, and desired that, as he had deprived Adam of the knowledge of life through eating of the tree, so by the gift of money he might deprive us also of the gift of God, and might take captive our minds with the bestowal of possessions, to the end that we should barter away and give to him for money the power of the Holy Spirit. Hereupon were we all stirred up; then Peter looked upon Satan, who was dwelling in Simon, and said to him: Ty money go with thee to perdi- tion: but thou shalt have no part in this word.

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

But when we had divided the whole world into twelve parts, and were gone forth among the Gentiles into all the world to preach the word, then Satan set about and stirred up the People to send after us false apostles for the undoing of the word. And he sent out from the People one whose name was Cleobius, and joined him to Simon, and others also after them.

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

Now the party of Simon followed hard upon me Peter, and came to corrupt the word. And when he was in Rome he disturbed the Church much and subverted many ; and he even made a show as though he would fly. And he was capturing the Gentiles, moving them by the power and agency of his magic arts. And on a certain Acts viii 18f. I5 Acts viii 20f. 18-19 Cf. Mk. xvi I5. IO I5

English translation by R. H. Connolly (1929); the original is not shown

For some forsooth were observing holiness ; and some abstained from flesh and from wine, and some from swine's flesh; and they were observing (some or other) of all the bonds which are in the Second Legislation.