Miscellanies 1.27.173
Summary: Punishment deters others and even benefits the incurable; God's providence is both sovereign and good; one may rise from servant to faithful attendant to son and friend of God.
Greek text · Stählin 2:107
ὅτι δὲ τὸ ὑπόδειγμα σωφρονίζει αὐτίκα φησί· πανοῦργος ἰδὼν τιμωρούμενον πονηρὸν κραταιῶς αὐτὸς παιδεύεται, ἐπεὶ γενεὰ σοφίας φόβος κυρίου. μέγιστον δὲ καὶ τελεώτατον ἀγαθόν, ὅταν τινὰ ἐκ τοῦ κακῶς πράττειν εἰς ἀρετήν τε καὶ εὐπραγίαν μετάγειν δύνηταί τις, ὅπερ ὁ νόμος ἐργάζεται. ὥστε καὶ ὅταν ἀνηκέστῳ τινὶ κακῷ περιπέσῃ τις ὑπό τε ἀδικίας καὶ πλεονεξίας καταληφθείς, εὐεργετοῖτʼ ἂν ὁ ἀποκτειννύμενος· εὐεργέτης γὰρ ὁ νόμος τοὺς μὲν δικαίους ἐξ ἀδίκων ποιεῖν δυνάμενος, ἢν μόνον ἐπαΐειν ἐθελήσωσιν αὐτοῦ, τοὺς δὲ ἀπαλλάττων τῶν παρόντων κακῶν. τοὺς γὰρ σωφρόνως καὶ δικαίως βιοῦν ἑλομένους ἀθανατίζειν ἐπαγγέλλεται. τὸ δὲ γνῶναι νόμον διανοίας ἐστὶν ἀγαθῆς. καὶ πάλιν· ἄνδρες κακοὶ οὐ νοοῦσι νόμον, οἱ δὲ ζητοῦντες τὸν κύριον συνήσουσιν ἐν παντὶ ἀγαθῷ. δεῖ δὴ τὴν διοικοῦσαν πρόνοιαν κυρίαν τε εἶναι καὶ ἀγαθήν. ἀμφοῖν γὰρ ἡ δύναμις οἰκονομεῖ σωτηρίαν, ἣ μὲν κολάσει σωφρονίζουσα ὡς κυρία, ἣ δὲ διʼ εὐποιίας χρηστευομένη ὡς εὐεργέτις. ἔξεστι δὲ μὴ εἶναι ἀπειθείας υἱόν, ἀλλὰ μεταβαίνειν ἐκ τοῦ σκότους εἰς ζωὴν καὶ παραθέντα τῇ σοφίᾳ τὴν ἀκοὴν νόμιμον εἶναι θεοῦ δοῦλον μὲν τὰ πρῶτα, ἔπειτα δὲ πιστὸν γενέσθαι θεράποντα, φοβούμενον κύριον τὸν θεόν, εἰ δέ τις ἐπαναβαίη, τοῖς υἱοῖς ἐγκαταλέγεσθαι, ἐπὰν δὲ ἀγάπη καλύψῃ πλῆθος ἁμαρτιῶν, μακαρίας ἐλπίδος τελείωσιν αὐξηθέντα ἐν ἀγάπῃ ἐκδέχεσθαι τοῦ τὸν ἐγκαταταγέντα τῇ ἐκλεκτῇ υἱοθεσίᾳ τῇ φίλῃ κεκλημένῃ τοῦ θεοῦ, ᾄδοντα ἤδη τὴν εὐχὴν καὶ λέγοντα· γενέσθω μοι κύριος εἰς θεόν.
English · Claude translation
That example brings to self-control it says at once: “A cunning man, seeing a wicked man punished, is himself strongly instructed,” since “the fear of the Lord is the source of wisdom.” The greatest and most perfect good is when one can bring someone from doing evil to virtue and well-being, which the law accomplishes. So even when someone falls into an incurable evil, seized by injustice and greed, the one who is put to death would be benefited; for the law is a benefactor, able to make some just from unjust, if only they are willing to listen to it, and to release others from present evils. For it promises immortality to those who choose to live temperately and justly. To know the law belongs to a good mind. And again: “Evil men do not understand the law, but those who seek the Lord will understand in every good thing.” The providence that governs must be both sovereign and good. For the power of both arranges salvation, the one bringing to self-control by punishment as sovereign, the other showing kindness by good deeds as benefactor. It is possible not to be a son of disobedience, but to pass from darkness into life, and, lending one's ear to wisdom, to be lawful: at first a servant of God, then to become a faithful attendant, fearing the Lord God; and if one rises further, to be enrolled among the sons; and when love covers a multitude of sins, growing in love, to await the completion of blessed hope, as one ranked in the chosen adoption called the friendship of God, singing already the prayer and saying, “Let the Lord be my God.”
About this passage
Notes
Translation notes
- The quotations are Prov 19:25 (LXX), Sir 1:14 (a free form), Prov 28:5, 1 Pet 4:8, and a form of Gen 28:21. The stages servant, attendant, son, friend are a favorite scheme of Clement.
Cite this passage
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 1.27.173 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/1/27/173/).
Plain text
Clement of Alexandria, Strom. 1.27.173 (trans. Sophia Scriptura, https://sophiascriptura.com/fathers/clement-stromata/1/27/173/).
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